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-Using talloc in Samba4
-======================
-
-.. contents::
-
-Andrew Tridgell
-September 2004
-
-The most current version of this document is available at
-   http://samba.org/ftp/unpacked/samba4/source/lib/talloc/talloc_guide.txt
-
-If you are used to the "old" talloc from Samba3 before 3.0.20 then please read
-this carefully, as talloc has changed a lot. With 3.0.20 (or 3.0.14?) the
-Samba4 talloc has been ported back to Samba3, so this guide applies to both.
-
-The new talloc is a hierarchical, reference counted memory pool system
-with destructors. Quite a mouthful really, but not too bad once you
-get used to it.
-
-Perhaps the biggest change from Samba3 is that there is no distinction
-between a "talloc context" and a "talloc pointer". Any pointer
-returned from talloc() is itself a valid talloc context. This means
-you can do this::
-
-  struct foo *X = talloc(mem_ctx, struct foo);
-  X->name = talloc_strdup(X, "foo");
-
-and the pointer X->name would be a "child" of the talloc context "X"
-which is itself a child of mem_ctx. So if you do talloc_free(mem_ctx)
-then it is all destroyed, whereas if you do talloc_free(X) then just X
-and X->name are destroyed, and if you do talloc_free(X->name) then
-just the name element of X is destroyed.
-
-If you think about this, then what this effectively gives you is an
-n-ary tree, where you can free any part of the tree with
-talloc_free().
-
-If you find this confusing, then I suggest you run the testsuite to
-watch talloc in action. You may also like to add your own tests to
-testsuite.c to clarify how some particular situation is handled.
-
-
-Performance
------------
-
-All the additional features of talloc() over malloc() do come at a
-price. We have a simple performance test in Samba4 that measures
-talloc() versus malloc() performance, and it seems that talloc() is
-about 4% slower than malloc() on my x86 Debian Linux box. For Samba,
-the great reduction in code complexity that we get by using talloc
-makes this worthwhile, especially as the total overhead of
-talloc/malloc in Samba is already quite small.
-
-
-talloc API
-----------
-
-The following is a complete guide to the talloc API. Read it all at
-least twice.
-
-Multi-threading
----------------
-
-talloc itself does not deal with threads. It is thread-safe (assuming  
-the underlying "malloc" is), as long as each thread uses different  
-memory contexts.
-If two threads uses the same context then they need to synchronize in  
-order to be safe. In particular:
-- when using talloc_enable_leak_report(), giving directly NULL as a  
-parent context implicitly refers to a hidden "null context" global  
-variable, so this should not be used in a multi-threaded environment  
-without proper synchronization ;
-- the context returned by talloc_autofree_context() is also global so  
-shouldn't be used by several threads simultaneously without  
-synchronization.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(type *)talloc(const void *context, type);
-
-The talloc() macro is the core of the talloc library. It takes a
-memory context and a type, and returns a pointer to a new area of
-memory of the given type.
-
-The returned pointer is itself a talloc context, so you can use it as
-the context argument to more calls to talloc if you wish.
-
-The returned pointer is a "child" of the supplied context. This means
-that if you talloc_free() the context then the new child disappears as
-well. Alternatively you can free just the child.
-
-The context argument to talloc() can be NULL, in which case a new top
-level context is created. 
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_size(const void *context, size_t size);
-
-The function talloc_size() should be used when you don't have a
-convenient type to pass to talloc(). Unlike talloc(), it is not type
-safe (as it returns a void *), so you are on your own for type checking.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(typeof(ptr)) talloc_ptrtype(const void *ctx, ptr);
-
-The talloc_ptrtype() macro should be used when you have a pointer and
-want to allocate memory to point at with this pointer. When compiling
-with gcc >= 3 it is typesafe. Note this is a wrapper of talloc_size()
-and talloc_get_name() will return the current location in the source file.
-and not the type.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-int talloc_free(void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_free() function frees a piece of talloc memory, and all its
-children. You can call talloc_free() on any pointer returned by
-talloc().
-
-The return value of talloc_free() indicates success or failure, with 0
-returned for success and -1 for failure. The only possible failure
-condition is if the pointer had a destructor attached to it and the
-destructor returned -1. See talloc_set_destructor() for details on
-destructors.
-
-If this pointer has an additional parent when talloc_free() is called
-then the memory is not actually released, but instead the most
-recently established parent is destroyed. See talloc_reference() for
-details on establishing additional parents.
-
-For more control on which parent is removed, see talloc_unlink()
-
-talloc_free() operates recursively on its children.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-int talloc_free_children(void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_free_children() walks along the list of all children of a
-talloc context and talloc_free()s only the children, not the context
-itself.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_reference(const void *context, const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_reference() function makes "context" an additional parent
-of "ptr".
-
-The return value of talloc_reference() is always the original pointer
-"ptr", unless talloc ran out of memory in creating the reference in
-which case it will return NULL (each additional reference consumes
-around 48 bytes of memory on intel x86 platforms).
-
-If "ptr" is NULL, then the function is a no-op, and simply returns NULL.
-
-After creating a reference you can free it in one of the following
-ways:
-
-  - you can talloc_free() any parent of the original pointer. That
-    will reduce the number of parents of this pointer by 1, and will
-    cause this pointer to be freed if it runs out of parents.
-
-  - you can talloc_free() the pointer itself. That will destroy the
-    most recently established parent to the pointer and leave the
-    pointer as a child of its current parent.
-
-For more control on which parent to remove, see talloc_unlink()
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-int talloc_unlink(const void *context, const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_unlink() function removes a specific parent from ptr. The
-context passed must either be a context used in talloc_reference()
-with this pointer, or must be a direct parent of ptr. 
-
-Note that if the parent has already been removed using talloc_free()
-then this function will fail and will return -1.  Likewise, if "ptr"
-is NULL, then the function will make no modifications and return -1.
-
-Usually you can just use talloc_free() instead of talloc_unlink(), but
-sometimes it is useful to have the additional control on which parent
-is removed.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_set_destructor(const void *ptr, int (*destructor)(void *));
-
-The function talloc_set_destructor() sets the "destructor" for the
-pointer "ptr". A destructor is a function that is called when the
-memory used by a pointer is about to be released. The destructor
-receives the pointer as an argument, and should return 0 for success
-and -1 for failure.
-
-The destructor can do anything it wants to, including freeing other
-pieces of memory. A common use for destructors is to clean up
-operating system resources (such as open file descriptors) contained
-in the structure the destructor is placed on.
-
-You can only place one destructor on a pointer. If you need more than
-one destructor then you can create a zero-length child of the pointer
-and place an additional destructor on that.
-
-To remove a destructor call talloc_set_destructor() with NULL for the
-destructor.
-
-If your destructor attempts to talloc_free() the pointer that it is
-the destructor for then talloc_free() will return -1 and the free will
-be ignored. This would be a pointless operation anyway, as the
-destructor is only called when the memory is just about to go away.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-int talloc_increase_ref_count(const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_increase_ref_count(ptr) function is exactly equivalent to:
-
-  talloc_reference(NULL, ptr);
-
-You can use either syntax, depending on which you think is clearer in
-your code.
-
-It returns 0 on success and -1 on failure.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-size_t talloc_reference_count(const void *ptr);
-
-Return the number of references to the pointer.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_set_name(const void *ptr, const char *fmt, ...);
-
-Each talloc pointer has a "name". The name is used principally for
-debugging purposes, although it is also possible to set and get the
-name on a pointer in as a way of "marking" pointers in your code.
-
-The main use for names on pointer is for "talloc reports". See
-talloc_report() and talloc_report_full() for details. Also see
-talloc_enable_leak_report() and talloc_enable_leak_report_full().
-
-The talloc_set_name() function allocates memory as a child of the
-pointer. It is logically equivalent to:
-  talloc_set_name_const(ptr, talloc_asprintf(ptr, fmt, ...));
-
-Note that multiple calls to talloc_set_name() will allocate more
-memory without releasing the name. All of the memory is released when
-the ptr is freed using talloc_free().
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_set_name_const(const void *ptr, const char *name);
-
-The function talloc_set_name_const() is just like talloc_set_name(),
-but it takes a string constant, and is much faster. It is extensively
-used by the "auto naming" macros, such as talloc_p().
-
-This function does not allocate any memory. It just copies the
-supplied pointer into the internal representation of the talloc
-ptr. This means you must not pass a name pointer to memory that will
-disappear before the ptr is freed with talloc_free().
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_named(const void *context, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...);
-
-The talloc_named() function creates a named talloc pointer. It is
-equivalent to:
-
-   ptr = talloc_size(context, size);
-   talloc_set_name(ptr, fmt, ....);
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_named_const(const void *context, size_t size, const char *name);
-
-This is equivalent to::
-
-   ptr = talloc_size(context, size);
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, name);
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-const char *talloc_get_name(const void *ptr);
-
-This returns the current name for the given talloc pointer. See
-talloc_set_name() for details.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_init(const char *fmt, ...);
-
-This function creates a zero length named talloc context as a top
-level context. It is equivalent to::
-
-  talloc_named(NULL, 0, fmt, ...);
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_new(void *ctx);
-
-This is a utility macro that creates a new memory context hanging
-off an exiting context, automatically naming it "talloc_new: __location__"
-where __location__ is the source line it is called from. It is
-particularly useful for creating a new temporary working context.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(type *)talloc_realloc(const void *context, void *ptr, type, count);
-
-The talloc_realloc() macro changes the size of a talloc
-pointer. The "count" argument is the number of elements of type "type"
-that you want the resulting pointer to hold. 
-
-talloc_realloc() has the following equivalences::
-
-  talloc_realloc(context, NULL, type, 1) ==> talloc(context, type);
-  talloc_realloc(context, NULL, type, N) ==> talloc_array(context, type, N);
-  talloc_realloc(context, ptr, type, 0)  ==> talloc_free(ptr);
-
-The "context" argument is only used if "ptr" is NULL, otherwise it is
-ignored.
-
-talloc_realloc() returns the new pointer, or NULL on failure. The call
-will fail either due to a lack of memory, or because the pointer has
-more than one parent (see talloc_reference()).
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_realloc_size(const void *context, void *ptr, size_t size);
-
-the talloc_realloc_size() function is useful when the type is not 
-known so the typesafe talloc_realloc() cannot be used.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_steal(const void *new_ctx, const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_steal() function changes the parent context of a talloc
-pointer. It is typically used when the context that the pointer is
-currently a child of is going to be freed and you wish to keep the
-memory for a longer time. 
-
-The talloc_steal() function returns the pointer that you pass it. It
-does not have any failure modes.
-
-NOTE: It is possible to produce loops in the parent/child relationship
-if you are not careful with talloc_steal(). No guarantees are provided
-as to your sanity or the safety of your data if you do this.
-
-talloc_steal (new_ctx, NULL) will return NULL with no sideeffects.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-size_t talloc_total_size(const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_total_size() function returns the total size in bytes used
-by this pointer and all child pointers. Mostly useful for debugging.
-
-Passing NULL is allowed, but it will only give a meaningful result if
-talloc_enable_leak_report() or talloc_enable_leak_report_full() has
-been called.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-size_t talloc_total_blocks(const void *ptr);
-
-The talloc_total_blocks() function returns the total memory block
-count used by this pointer and all child pointers. Mostly useful for
-debugging.
-
-Passing NULL is allowed, but it will only give a meaningful result if
-talloc_enable_leak_report() or talloc_enable_leak_report_full() has
-been called.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_report_depth_cb(const void *ptr, int depth, int max_depth,
-			    void (*callback)(const void *ptr,
-			    		     int depth, int max_depth,
-					     int is_ref,
-					     void *priv),
-			    void *priv);
-
-This provides a more flexible reports than talloc_report(). It
-will recursively call the callback for the entire tree of memory
-referenced by the pointer. References in the tree are passed with
-is_ref = 1 and the pointer that is referenced.
-
-You can pass NULL for the pointer, in which case a report is
-printed for the top level memory context, but only if
-talloc_enable_leak_report() or talloc_enable_leak_report_full()
-has been called.
-
-The recursion is stopped when depth >= max_depth.
-max_depth = -1 means only stop at leaf nodes.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_report_depth_file(const void *ptr, int depth, int max_depth, FILE *f);
-
-This provides a more flexible reports than talloc_report(). It
-will let you specify the depth and max_depth.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_report(const void *ptr, FILE *f);
-
-The talloc_report() function prints a summary report of all memory
-used by ptr. One line of report is printed for each immediate child of
-ptr, showing the total memory and number of blocks used by that child.
-
-You can pass NULL for the pointer, in which case a report is printed
-for the top level memory context, but only if
-talloc_enable_leak_report() or talloc_enable_leak_report_full() has
-been called.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_report_full(const void *ptr, FILE *f);
-
-This provides a more detailed report than talloc_report(). It will
-recursively print the ensire tree of memory referenced by the
-pointer. References in the tree are shown by giving the name of the
-pointer that is referenced.
-
-You can pass NULL for the pointer, in which case a report is printed
-for the top level memory context, but only if
-talloc_enable_leak_report() or talloc_enable_leak_report_full() has
-been called.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_enable_leak_report(void);
-
-This enables calling of talloc_report(NULL, stderr) when the program
-exits. In Samba4 this is enabled by using the --leak-report command
-line option.
-
-For it to be useful, this function must be called before any other
-talloc function as it establishes a "null context" that acts as the
-top of the tree. If you don't call this function first then passing
-NULL to talloc_report() or talloc_report_full() won't give you the
-full tree printout.
-
-Here is a typical talloc report:
-
-talloc report on 'null_context' (total 267 bytes in 15 blocks)
-        libcli/auth/spnego_parse.c:55  contains     31 bytes in   2 blocks
-        libcli/auth/spnego_parse.c:55  contains     31 bytes in   2 blocks
-        iconv(UTF8,CP850)              contains     42 bytes in   2 blocks
-        libcli/auth/spnego_parse.c:55  contains     31 bytes in   2 blocks
-        iconv(CP850,UTF8)              contains     42 bytes in   2 blocks
-        iconv(UTF8,UTF-16LE)           contains     45 bytes in   2 blocks
-        iconv(UTF-16LE,UTF8)           contains     45 bytes in   2 blocks
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_enable_leak_report_full(void);
-
-This enables calling of talloc_report_full(NULL, stderr) when the
-program exits. In Samba4 this is enabled by using the
---leak-report-full command line option.
-
-For it to be useful, this function must be called before any other
-talloc function as it establishes a "null context" that acts as the
-top of the tree. If you don't call this function first then passing
-NULL to talloc_report() or talloc_report_full() won't give you the
-full tree printout.
-
-Here is a typical full report:
-
-full talloc report on 'root' (total 18 bytes in 8 blocks)
-    p1                             contains     18 bytes in   7 blocks (ref 0)
-        r1                             contains     13 bytes in   2 blocks (ref 0)
-            reference to: p2
-        p2                             contains      1 bytes in   1 blocks (ref 1)
-        x3                             contains      1 bytes in   1 blocks (ref 0)
-        x2                             contains      1 bytes in   1 blocks (ref 0)
-        x1                             contains      1 bytes in   1 blocks (ref 0)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_enable_null_tracking(void);
-
-This enables tracking of the NULL memory context without enabling leak
-reporting on exit. Useful for when you want to do your own leak
-reporting call via talloc_report_null_full();
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void talloc_disable_null_tracking(void);
-
-This disables tracking of the NULL memory context.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(type *)talloc_zero(const void *ctx, type);
-
-The talloc_zero() macro is equivalent to::
-
-  ptr = talloc(ctx, type);
-  if (ptr) memset(ptr, 0, sizeof(type));
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_zero_size(const void *ctx, size_t size)
-
-The talloc_zero_size() function is useful when you don't have a known type
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_memdup(const void *ctx, const void *p, size_t size);
-
-The talloc_memdup() function is equivalent to::
-
-  ptr = talloc_size(ctx, size);
-  if (ptr) memcpy(ptr, p, size);
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_strdup(const void *ctx, const char *p);
-
-The talloc_strdup() function is equivalent to::
-
-  ptr = talloc_size(ctx, strlen(p)+1);
-  if (ptr) memcpy(ptr, p, strlen(p)+1);
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the passed
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_strndup(const void *t, const char *p, size_t n);
-
-The talloc_strndup() function is the talloc equivalent of the C
-library function strndup()
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the passed
-string. This is equivalent to:
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_append_string(const void *t, char *orig, const char *append);
-
-The talloc_append_string() function appends the given formatted
-string to the given string.
-
-This function sets the name of the new pointer to the new
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_vasprintf(const void *t, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
-
-The talloc_vasprintf() function is the talloc equivalent of the C
-library function vasprintf()
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the new
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_asprintf(const void *t, const char *fmt, ...);
-
-The talloc_asprintf() function is the talloc equivalent of the C
-library function asprintf()
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the new
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_asprintf_append(char *s, const char *fmt, ...);
-
-The talloc_asprintf_append() function appends the given formatted
-string to the given string.
-Use this varient when the string in the current talloc buffer may
-have been truncated in length.
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the new
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-char *talloc_asprintf_append_buffer(char *s, const char *fmt, ...);
-
-The talloc_asprintf_append() function appends the given formatted 
-string to the end of the currently allocated talloc buffer.
-Use this varient when the string in the current talloc buffer has
-not been changed.
-
-This functions sets the name of the new pointer to the new
-string. This is equivalent to::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, ptr)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-((type *)talloc_array(const void *ctx, type, uint_t count);
-
-The talloc_array() macro is equivalent to::
-
-  (type *)talloc_size(ctx, sizeof(type) * count);
-
-except that it provides integer overflow protection for the multiply,
-returning NULL if the multiply overflows.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_array_size(const void *ctx, size_t size, uint_t count);
-
-The talloc_array_size() function is useful when the type is not
-known. It operates in the same way as talloc_array(), but takes a size
-instead of a type.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(typeof(ptr)) talloc_array_ptrtype(const void *ctx, ptr, uint_t count);
-
-The talloc_ptrtype() macro should be used when you have a pointer to an array
-and want to allocate memory of an array to point at with this pointer. When compiling
-with gcc >= 3 it is typesafe. Note this is a wrapper of talloc_array_size()
-and talloc_get_name() will return the current location in the source file.
-and not the type.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_realloc_fn(const void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t size);
-
-This is a non-macro version of talloc_realloc(), which is useful 
-as libraries sometimes want a ralloc function pointer. A realloc()
-implementation encapsulates the functionality of malloc(), free() and
-realloc() in one call, which is why it is useful to be able to pass
-around a single function pointer.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_autofree_context(void);
-
-This is a handy utility function that returns a talloc context
-which will be automatically freed on program exit. This can be used
-to reduce the noise in memory leak reports.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_check_name(const void *ptr, const char *name);
-
-This function checks if a pointer has the specified name. If it does
-then the pointer is returned. It it doesn't then NULL is returned.
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(type *)talloc_get_type(const void *ptr, type);
-
-This macro allows you to do type checking on talloc pointers. It is
-particularly useful for void* private pointers. It is equivalent to
-this::
-
-   (type *)talloc_check_name(ptr, #type)
-
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-talloc_set_type(const void *ptr, type);
-
-This macro allows you to force the name of a pointer to be a
-particular type. This can be used in conjunction with
-talloc_get_type() to do type checking on void* pointers.
-
-It is equivalent to this::
-
-   talloc_set_name_const(ptr, #type)
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-talloc_get_size(const void *ctx);
-
-This function lets you know the amount of memory alloced so far by
-this context. It does NOT account for subcontext memory.
-This can be used to calculate the size of an array.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-void *talloc_find_parent_byname(const void *ctx, const char *name);
-
-Find a parent memory context of the current context that has the given
-name. This can be very useful in complex programs where it may be
-difficult to pass all information down to the level you need, but you
-know the structure you want is a parent of another context.
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-(type *)talloc_find_parent_bytype(ctx, type);
-
-Like talloc_find_parent_byname() but takes a type, making it typesafe.
-