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| author | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2002-10-02 14:36:55 +0000 |
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| committer | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2002-10-02 14:36:55 +0000 |
| commit | 83e4c6ea4b27ce4645acea34c3184f8bb30c8e93 (patch) | |
| tree | 897d69e41b6bcd32e50e5ac16a1fb9ca0f64f0ee /docs | |
| parent | 2475f6ee3c2042f9a68311b577a72460241ab560 (diff) | |
| download | samba-83e4c6ea4b27ce4645acea34c3184f8bb30c8e93.tar.gz samba-83e4c6ea4b27ce4645acea34c3184f8bb30c8e93.tar.xz samba-83e4c6ea4b27ce4645acea34c3184f8bb30c8e93.zip | |
more doc structure updates. SWAT now on links to the TOC for
the HOWTO collection instead of linking each article.
(This used to be commit a0e0a76e000c2962037dddde11261108b3d63e50)
Diffstat (limited to 'docs')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/htmldocs/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.html | 245 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 245 deletions
diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.html b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.html deleted file mode 100644 index fd83c4e09a..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,245 +0,0 @@ -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.57"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="ARTICLE" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="ARTICLE" -><DIV -CLASS="TITLEPAGE" -><H1 -CLASS="TITLE" -><A -NAME="SAMBA-BDC" ->How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</A -></H1 -><HR></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3" ->Prerequisite Reading</A -></H1 -><P ->Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure -that you are comfortable with configuring a Samba PDC -as described in the <A -HREF="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" -TARGET="_top" ->Samba-PDC-HOWTO</A ->.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><HR><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN7" ->Background</A -></H1 -><P ->What is a Domain Controller? It is a machine that is able to answer -logon requests from workstations in a Windows NT Domain. Whenever a -user logs into a Windows NT Workstation, the workstation connects to a -Domain Controller and asks him whether the username and password the -user typed in is correct. The Domain Controller replies with a lot of -information about the user, for example the place where the users -profile is stored, the users full name of the user. All this -information is stored in the NT user database, the so-called SAM.</P -><P ->There are two kinds of Domain Controller in a NT 4 compatible Domain: -A Primary Domain Controller (PDC) and one or more Backup Domain -Controllers (BDC). The PDC contains the master copy of the -SAM. Whenever the SAM has to change, for example when a user changes -his password, this change has to be done on the PDC. A Backup Domain -Controller is a machine that maintains a read-only copy of the -SAM. This way it is able to reply to logon requests and authenticate -users in case the PDC is not available. During this time no changes to -the SAM are possible. Whenever changes to the SAM are done on the PDC, -all BDC receive the changes from the PDC.</P -><P ->Since version 2.2 Samba officially supports domain logons for all -current Windows Clients, including Windows 2000 and XP. This text -assumes the domain to be named SAMBA. To be able to act as a PDC, some -parameters in the [global]-section of the smb.conf have to be set:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->workgroup = SAMBA -domain master = yes -domain logons = yes</PRE -></P -><P ->Several other things like a [homes] and a [netlogon] share also may be -set along with settings for the profile path, the users home drive and -others. This will not be covered in this document.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><HR><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN15" ->What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</A -></H1 -><P ->Every machine that is a Domain Controller for the domain SAMBA has to -register the NetBIOS group name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server and/or -by broadcast on the local network. The PDC also registers the unique -NetBIOS name SAMBA#1b with the WINS server. The name type #1b is -normally reserved for the domain master browser, a role that has -nothing to do with anything related to authentication, but the -Microsoft Domain implementation requires the domain master browser to -be on the same machine as the PDC.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><HR><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN18" ->How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</A -></H2 -><P ->A NT workstation in the domain SAMBA that wants a local user to be -authenticated has to find the domain controller for SAMBA. It does -this by doing a NetBIOS name query for the group name SAMBA#1c. It -assumes that each of the machines it gets back from the queries is a -domain controller and can answer logon requests. To not open security -holes both the workstation and the selected (TODO: How is the DC -chosen) domain controller authenticate each other. After that the -workstation sends the user's credentials (his name and password) to -the domain controller, asking for approval.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><HR><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN21" ->When is the PDC needed?</A -></H2 -><P ->Whenever a user wants to change his password, this has to be done on -the PDC. To find the PDC, the workstation does a NetBIOS name query -for SAMBA#1b, assuming this machine maintains the master copy of the -SAM. The workstation contacts the PDC, both mutually authenticate and -the password change is done.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><HR><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN24" ->Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller?</A -></H1 -><P ->With version 2.2, no. The native NT SAM replication protocols have -not yet been fully implemented. The Samba Team is working on -understanding and implementing the protocols, but this work has not -been finished for version 2.2.</P -><P ->Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes. The main reason for -implementing a BDC is availability. If the PDC is a Samba machine, -a second Samba machine can be set up to -service logon requests whenever the PDC is down.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><HR><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN28" ->How do I set up a Samba BDC?</A -></H1 -><P ->Several things have to be done:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->The file private/MACHINE.SID identifies the domain. When a samba -server is first started, it is created on the fly and must never be -changed again. This file has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC, -so the MACHINE.SID has to be copied from the PDC to the BDC.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->The Unix user database has to be synchronized from the PDC to the -BDC. This means that both the /etc/passwd and /etc/group have to be -replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This can be done manually -whenever changes are made, or the PDC is set up as a NIS master -server and the BDC as a NIS slave server. To set up the BDC as a -mere NIS client would not be enough, as the BDC would not be able to -access its user database in case of a PDC failure.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->The Samba password database in the file private/smbpasswd has to be -replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This is a bit tricky, see the -next section.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Any netlogon share has to be replicated from the PDC to the -BDC. This can be done manually whenever login scripts are changed, -or it can be done automatically together with the smbpasswd -synchronization.</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Finally, the BDC has to be found by the workstations. This can be done -by setting</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->workgroup = samba -domain master = no -domain logons = yes</PRE -></P -><P ->in the [global]-section of the smb.conf of the BDC. This makes the BDC -only register the name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server. This is no -problem as the name SAMBA#1c is a NetBIOS group name that is meant to -be registered by more than one machine. The parameter 'domain master = -no' forces the BDC not to register SAMBA#1b which as a unique NetBIOS -name is reserved for the Primary Domain Controller.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><HR><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN44" ->How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</A -></H2 -><P ->Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done -whenever changes to the SAM are made. Every user's password change is -done in the smbpasswd file and has to be replicated to the BDC. So -replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary.</P -><P ->As the smbpasswd file contains plain text password equivalents, it -must not be sent unencrypted over the wire. The best way to set up -smbpasswd replication from the PDC to the BDC is to use the utility -rsync. rsync can use ssh as a transport. ssh itself can be set up to -accept *only* rsync transfer without requiring the user to type a -password.</P -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
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