path: root/src/util/util.c

/*
    Authors:
        Simo Sorce <ssorce@redhat.com>

    Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

#include "config.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <talloc.h>
#include <dhash.h>
#include <time.h>

#include "util/util.h"
#include "util/sss_utf8.h"

int socket_activated = 0;
int dbus_activated = 0;

static void free_args(char **args)
{
    int i;

    if (args) {
        for (i = 0; args[i]; i++) free(args[i]);
        free(args);
    }
}

/* parse a string into arguments.
 * arguments are separated by a space
 * '\' is an escape character and can be used only to escape
 * itself or the white space.
 */
char **parse_args(const char *str)
{
    const char *p;
    char **ret, **r;
    char *tmp;
    int num;
    int i;
    bool e, w;

    tmp = malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
    if (!tmp) return NULL;

    ret = NULL;
    num = 0;
    i = 0;
    e = false;
    /* skip leading whitespaces */
    w = true;
    p = str;
    while (*p) {
        if (*p == '\\') {
            w = false;
            if (e) {
                /* if we were already escaping, add a '\' literal */
                tmp[i] = '\\';
                i++;
                e = false;
            } else {
                /* otherwise just start escaping */
                e = true;
            }
        } else if (isspace(*p)) {
            if (e) {
                /* Add escaped whitespace literally */
                tmp[i] = *p;
                i++;
                e = false;
            } else if (w == false) {
                /* If previous character was non-whitespace, arg break */
                tmp[i] = '\0';
                i++;
                w = true;
            }
            /* previous char was whitespace as well, skip it */
        } else {
            w = false;
            if (e) {
                /* Prepend escaped chars with a literal \ */
                tmp[i] = '\\';
                i++;
                e = false;
            }
            /* Copy character from the source string */
            tmp[i] = *p;
            i++;
        }

        p++;

        /* check if this was the last char */
        if (*p == '\0') {
            if (e) {
                tmp[i] = '\\';
                i++;
                e = false;
            }
            tmp[i] = '\0';
            i++;
        }

        /* save token to result array */
        if (i > 1 && tmp[i-1] == '\0') {
            r = realloc(ret, (num + 2) * sizeof(char *));
            if (!r) goto fail;
            ret = r;
            ret[num+1] = NULL;
            ret[num] = strdup(tmp);
            if (!ret[num]) goto fail;
            num++;
            i = 0;
        }
    }

    free(tmp);
    return ret;

fail:
    free(tmp);
    free_args(ret);
    return NULL;
}

const char **dup_string_list(TALLOC_CTX *memctx, const char **str_list)
{
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    const char **dup_list;

    if (!str_list) {
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Find the size of the list */
    while (str_list[i]) i++;

    dup_list = talloc_array(memctx, const char *, i+1);
    if (!dup_list) {
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Copy the elements */
    for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
        dup_list[j] = talloc_strdup(dup_list, str_list[j]);
        if (!dup_list[j]) {
            talloc_free(dup_list);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    /* NULL-terminate the list */
    dup_list[i] = NULL;

    return dup_list;
}

/* Take two string lists (terminated on a NULL char*)
 * and return up to three arrays of strings based on
 * shared ownership.
 *
 * Pass NULL to any return type you don't care about
 */
errno_t diff_string_lists(TALLOC_CTX *memctx,
                          char **_list1,
                          char **_list2,
                          char ***_list1_only,
                          char ***_list2_only,
                          char ***_both_lists)
{
    int error;
    errno_t ret;
    int i;
    int i2 = 0;
    int i12 = 0;
    hash_table_t *table;
    hash_key_t key;
    hash_value_t value;
    char **list1 = NULL;
    char **list2 = NULL;
    char **list1_only = NULL;
    char **list2_only = NULL;
    char **both_lists = NULL;
    unsigned long count;
    hash_key_t *keys;

    TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(memctx);
    if (!tmp_ctx) {
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    if (!_list1) {
        list1 = talloc_array(tmp_ctx, char *, 1);
        if (!list1) {
            talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
            return ENOMEM;
        }
        list1[0] = NULL;
    }
    else {
        list1 = _list1;
    }

    if (!_list2) {
        list2 = talloc_array(tmp_ctx, char *, 1);
        if (!list2) {
            talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
            return ENOMEM;
        }
        list2[0] = NULL;
    }
    else {
        list2 = _list2;
    }

    error = hash_create(10, &table, NULL, NULL);
    if (error != HASH_SUCCESS) {
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return EIO;
    }

    key.type = HASH_KEY_STRING;
    value.type = HASH_VALUE_UNDEF;

    /* Add all entries from list 1 into a hash table */
    i = 0;
    while (list1[i]) {
        key.str = talloc_strdup(tmp_ctx, list1[i]);
        error = hash_enter(table, &key, &value);
        if (error != HASH_SUCCESS) {
            ret = EIO;
            goto done;
        }
        i++;
    }

    /* Iterate through list 2 and remove matching items */
    i = 0;
    while (list2[i]) {
        key.str = talloc_strdup(tmp_ctx, list2[i]);
        error = hash_delete(table, &key);
        if (error == HASH_SUCCESS) {
            if (_both_lists) {
                /* String was present in both lists */
                i12++;
                both_lists = talloc_realloc(tmp_ctx, both_lists, char *, i12+1);
                if (!both_lists) {
                    ret = ENOMEM;
                    goto done;
                }
                both_lists[i12-1] = talloc_strdup(both_lists, list2[i]);
                if (!both_lists[i12-1]) {
                    ret = ENOMEM;
                    goto done;
                }

                both_lists[i12] = NULL;
            }
        }
        else if (error == HASH_ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND) {
            if (_list2_only) {
                /* String was present only in list2 */
                i2++;
                list2_only = talloc_realloc(tmp_ctx, list2_only,
                                            char *, i2+1);
                if (!list2_only) {
                    ret = ENOMEM;
                    goto done;
                }
                list2_only[i2-1] = talloc_strdup(list2_only, list2[i]);
                if (!list2_only[i2-1]) {
                    ret = ENOMEM;
                    goto done;
                }

                list2_only[i2] = NULL;
            }
        }
        else {
            /* An error occurred */
            ret = EIO;
            goto done;
        }
        i++;
    }

    /* Get the leftover entries in the hash table */
    if (_list1_only) {
        error = hash_keys(table, &count, &keys);
        if (error != HASH_SUCCESS) {
            ret = EIO;
            goto done;
        }

        list1_only = talloc_array(tmp_ctx, char *, count+1);
        if (!list1_only) {
            ret = ENOMEM;
            goto done;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            list1_only[i] = talloc_strdup(list1_only, keys[i].str);
            if (!list1_only[i]) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
            }
        }
        list1_only[count] = NULL;

        free(keys);

        *_list1_only = talloc_steal(memctx, list1_only);
    }

    if (_list2_only) {
        if (list2_only) {
            *_list2_only = talloc_steal(memctx, list2_only);
        }
        else {
            *_list2_only = talloc_array(memctx, char *, 1);
            if (!(*_list2_only)) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
            }
            *_list2_only[0] = NULL;
        }
    }

    if (_both_lists) {
        if (both_lists) {
            *_both_lists = talloc_steal(memctx, both_lists);
        }
        else {
            *_both_lists = talloc_array(memctx, char *, 1);
            if (!(*_both_lists)) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
            }
            *_both_lists[0] = NULL;
        }
    }

    ret = EOK;

done:
    hash_destroy(table);
    talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
    return ret;
}

static void *hash_talloc(const size_t size, void *pvt)
{
    return talloc_size(pvt, size);
}

static void hash_talloc_free(void *ptr, void *pvt)
{
    talloc_free(ptr);
}

errno_t sss_hash_create_ex(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                           unsigned long count,
                           hash_table_t **tbl,
                           unsigned int directory_bits,
                           unsigned int segment_bits,
                           unsigned long min_load_factor,
                           unsigned long max_load_factor,
                           hash_delete_callback *delete_callback,
                           void *delete_private_data)
{
    errno_t ret;
    hash_table_t *table;
    int hret;

    TALLOC_CTX *internal_ctx;
    internal_ctx = talloc_new(NULL);
    if (!internal_ctx) {
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    hret = hash_create_ex(count, &table, directory_bits, segment_bits,
                          min_load_factor, max_load_factor,
                          hash_talloc, hash_talloc_free, internal_ctx,
                          delete_callback, delete_private_data);
    switch (hret) {
    case HASH_SUCCESS:
        /* Steal the table pointer onto the mem_ctx,
         * then make the internal_ctx a child of
         * table.
         *
         * This way, we can clean up the values when
         * we talloc_free() the table
         */
        *tbl = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, table);
        talloc_steal(table, internal_ctx);
        return EOK;

    case HASH_ERROR_NO_MEMORY:
        ret = ENOMEM;
        break;
    default:
        ret = EIO;
    }

    DEBUG(SSSDBG_FATAL_FAILURE, "Could not create hash table: [%d][%s]\n",
              hret, hash_error_string(hret));

    talloc_free(internal_ctx);
    return ret;
}

errno_t sss_hash_create(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, unsigned long count,
                        hash_table_t **tbl)
{
    return sss_hash_create_ex(mem_ctx, count, tbl, 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL);
}

errno_t sss_filter_sanitize_ex(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                               const char *input,
                               char **sanitized,
                               const char *ignore)
{
    char *output;
    size_t i = 0;
    size_t j = 0;
    char *allowed;

    /* Assume the worst-case. We'll resize it later, once */
    output = talloc_array(mem_ctx, char, strlen(input) * 3 + 1);
    if (!output) {
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    while (input[i]) {
        /* Even though this character might have a special meaning, if it's
         * expliticly allowed, just copy it and move on
         */
        if (ignore == NULL) {
            allowed = NULL;
        } else {
            allowed = strchr(ignore, input[i]);
        }
        if (allowed) {
            output[j++] = input[i++];
            continue;
        }

        switch(input[i]) {
        case '\t':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '0';
            output[j++] = '9';
            break;
        case ' ':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '2';
            output[j++] = '0';
            break;
        case '*':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '2';
            output[j++] = 'a';
            break;
        case '(':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '2';
            output[j++] = '8';
            break;
        case ')':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '2';
            output[j++] = '9';
            break;
        case '\\':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '5';
            output[j++] = 'c';
            break;
        case '\r':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '0';
            output[j++] = 'd';
            break;
        case '\n':
            output[j++] = '\\';
            output[j++] = '0';
            output[j++] = 'a';
            break;
        default:
            output[j++] = input[i];
        }

        i++;
    }
    output[j] = '\0';
    *sanitized = talloc_realloc(mem_ctx, output, char, j+1);
    if (!*sanitized) {
        talloc_free(output);
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    return EOK;
}

errno_t sss_filter_sanitize(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                            const char *input,
                            char **sanitized)
{
    return sss_filter_sanitize_ex(mem_ctx, input, sanitized, NULL);
}

char *
sss_escape_ip_address(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, int family, const char *addr)
{
    return family == AF_INET6 ? talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "[%s]", addr) :
                                talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, addr);
}

/* out->len includes terminating '\0' */
void to_sized_string(struct sized_string *out, const char *in)
{
    out->str = in;
    if (out->str) {
        out->len = strlen(out->str) + 1;
    } else {
        out->len = 0;
    }
}

/* This function only removes first and last
 * character if the first character was '['.
 *
 * NOTE: This means, that ipv6addr must NOT be followed
 * by port number.
 */
errno_t
remove_ipv6_brackets(char *ipv6addr)
{
    size_t len;

    if (ipv6addr && ipv6addr[0] == '[') {
        len = strlen(ipv6addr);
        if (len < 3) {
            return EINVAL;
        }

        memmove(ipv6addr, &ipv6addr[1], len - 2);
        ipv6addr[len -2] = '\0';
    }

    return EOK;
}

errno_t add_string_to_list(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const char *string,
                           char ***list_p)
{
    size_t c;
    char **old_list = NULL;
    char **new_list = NULL;

    if (string == NULL || list_p == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "Missing string or list.\n");
        return EINVAL;
    }

    old_list = *list_p;

    if (old_list == NULL) {
        /* If the input is a NULL list a new one is created with the new
         * string and the terminating NULL element. */
        c = 0;
        new_list = talloc_array(mem_ctx, char *, 2);
    } else {
        for (c = 0; old_list[c] != NULL; c++);
        /* Allocate one extra space for the new service and one for
         * the terminating NULL
         */
        new_list = talloc_realloc(mem_ctx, old_list, char *, c + 2);
    }

    if (new_list == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_array/talloc_realloc failed.\n");
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    new_list[c] = talloc_strdup(new_list, string);
    if (new_list[c] == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_strdup failed.\n");
        talloc_free(new_list);
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    new_list[c + 1] = NULL;

    *list_p = new_list;

    return EOK;
}

void safezero(void *data, size_t size)
{
    volatile uint8_t *p = data;

    while (size--) {
        *p++ = 0;
    }
}

int domain_to_basedn(TALLOC_CTX *memctx, const char *domain, char **basedn)
{
    const char *s;
    char *dn;
    char *p;
    int l;

    if (!domain || !basedn) {
        return EINVAL;
    }

    s = domain;
    dn = talloc_strdup(memctx, "dc=");

    while ((p = strchr(s, '.'))) {
        l = p - s;
        dn = talloc_asprintf_append_buffer(dn, "%.*s,dc=", l, s);
        if (!dn) {
            return ENOMEM;
        }
        s = p + 1;
    }
    dn = talloc_strdup_append_buffer(dn, s);
    if (!dn) {
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    for (p=dn; *p; ++p) {
        *p = tolower(*p);
    }

    *basedn = dn;
    return EOK;
}

bool is_host_in_domain(const char *host, const char *domain)
{
    int diff = strlen(host) - strlen(domain);

    if (diff == 0 && strcmp(host, domain) == 0) {
        return true;
    }

    if (diff > 0 && strcmp(host + diff, domain) == 0 && host[diff - 1] == '.') {
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

/* addr is in network order for both IPv4 and IPv6 versions */
bool check_ipv4_addr(struct in_addr *addr, uint8_t flags)
{
    char straddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];

    if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, addr, straddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN) == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_MINOR_FAILURE,
              "inet_ntop failed, won't log IP addresses\n");
        snprintf(straddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN, "unknown");
    }

    if ((flags & SSS_NO_MULTICAST) && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(addr->s_addr))) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Multicast IPv4 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    } else if ((flags & SSS_NO_LOOPBACK)
               && inet_netof(*addr) == IN_LOOPBACKNET) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Loopback IPv4 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    } else if ((flags & SSS_NO_LINKLOCAL)
               && (addr->s_addr & htonl(0xffff0000)) == htonl(0xa9fe0000)) {
        /* 169.254.0.0/16 */
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Link-local IPv4 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    } else if ((flags & SSS_NO_BROADCAST)
               && addr->s_addr == htonl(INADDR_BROADCAST)) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Broadcast IPv4 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

bool check_ipv6_addr(struct in6_addr *addr, uint8_t flags)
{
    char straddr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];

    if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, addr, straddr, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_MINOR_FAILURE,
              "inet_ntop failed, won't log IP addresses\n");
        snprintf(straddr, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN, "unknown");
    }

    if ((flags & SSS_NO_LINKLOCAL) && IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(addr)) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Link local IPv6 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    } else if ((flags & SSS_NO_LOOPBACK) && IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(addr)) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Loopback IPv6 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    } else if ((flags & SSS_NO_MULTICAST) && IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(addr)) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_FUNC_DATA, "Multicast IPv6 address %s\n", straddr);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

const char * const * get_known_services(void)
{
    static const char *svc[] = {"nss", "pam", "sudo", "autofs",
                                "ssh", "pac", "ifp", NULL };

    return svc;
}

errno_t add_strings_lists(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const char **l1, const char **l2,
                          bool copy_strings, char ***_new_list)
{
    size_t c;
    size_t l1_count = 0;
    size_t l2_count = 0;
    size_t new_count = 0;
    char **new;
    int ret;

    if (l1 != NULL) {
        for (l1_count = 0; l1[l1_count] != NULL; l1_count++);
    }

    if (l2 != NULL) {
        for (l2_count = 0; l2[l2_count] != NULL; l2_count++);
    }

    new_count = l1_count + l2_count;

    new = talloc_array(mem_ctx, char *, new_count + 1);
    if (new == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_array failed.\n");
        return ENOMEM;
    }
    new [new_count] = NULL;

    if (copy_strings) {
        for(c = 0; c < l1_count; c++) {
            new[c] = talloc_strdup(new, l1[c]);
            if (new[c] == NULL) {
                DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_strdup failed.\n");
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
            }
        }
        for(c = 0; c < l2_count; c++) {
            new[l1_count + c] = talloc_strdup(new, l2[c]);
            if (new[l1_count + c] == NULL) {
                DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_strdup failed.\n");
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (l1 != NULL) {
            memcpy(new, l1, sizeof(char *) * l1_count);
        }

        if (l2 != NULL) {
            memcpy(&new[l1_count], l2, sizeof(char *) * l2_count);
        }
    }

    *_new_list = new;
    ret = EOK;

done:
    if (ret != EOK) {
        talloc_free(new);
    }

    return ret;
}

/* Set the nonblocking flag to the fd */
errno_t sss_fd_nonblocking(int fd)
{
    int flags;
    int ret;

    flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
    if (flags == -1) {
        ret = errno;
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
              "F_GETFL failed [%d][%s].\n", ret, strerror(ret));
        return ret;
    }

    if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) == -1) {
        ret = errno;
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
              "F_SETFL failed [%d][%s].\n", ret, strerror(ret));
        return ret;
    }

    return EOK;
}

/* Convert GeneralizedTime (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeneralizedTime)
 * to unix time (seconds since epoch). Use UTC time zone.
 */
errno_t sss_utc_to_time_t(const char *str, const char *format, time_t *_unix_time)
{
    char *end;
    struct tm tm;
    size_t len;
    time_t ut;

    if (str == NULL) {
        return EINVAL;
    }

    len = strlen(str);
    if (str[len-1] != 'Z') {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL,
              "%s does not seem to be in UTZ time zone.\n", str);
        return ERR_TIMESPEC_NOT_SUPPORTED;
    }

    memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));

    end = strptime(str, format, &tm);
    /* not all characters from format were matched */
    if (end == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL,
              "String [%s] failed to match format [%s].\n", str, format);
        return EINVAL;
    }

    /* str is 'longer' than format */
    if (*end != '\0') {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL,
              "String [%s] is longer than format [%s].\n", str, format);
        return EINVAL;
    }

    ut = mktime(&tm);
    if (ut == -1) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL,
              "mktime failed to convert [%s].\n", str);
        return EINVAL;
    }

    tzset();
    ut -= timezone;
    *_unix_time = ut;
    return EOK;
}

struct tmpfile_watch {
    const char *filename;
};

static int unlink_dbg(const char *filename)
{
    errno_t ret;

    ret = unlink(filename);
    if (ret != 0) {
        ret = errno;
        if (ret == ENOENT) {
            DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL,
                  "File already removed: [%s]\n", filename);
            return 0;
        } else {
            DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
                  "Cannot remove temporary file [%s] %d [%s]\n",
                  filename, ret, strerror(ret));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int unique_filename_destructor(void *memptr)
{
    struct tmpfile_watch *tw = talloc_get_type(memptr, struct tmpfile_watch);

    if (tw == NULL || tw->filename == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE, "BUG: Wrong private pointer\n");
        return -1;
    }

    DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_INTERNAL, "Unlinking [%s]\n", tw->filename);

    return unlink_dbg(tw->filename);
}

static struct tmpfile_watch *tmpfile_watch_set(TALLOC_CTX *owner,
                                               const char *filename)
{
    struct tmpfile_watch *tw = NULL;

    tw = talloc_zero(owner, struct tmpfile_watch);
    if (tw == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    tw->filename = talloc_strdup(tw, filename);
    if (tw->filename == NULL) {
        talloc_free(tw);
        return NULL;
    }

    talloc_set_destructor((TALLOC_CTX *) tw,
                          unique_filename_destructor);
    return tw;
}

int sss_unique_file_ex(TALLOC_CTX *owner,
                       char *path_tmpl,
                       mode_t file_umask,
                       errno_t *_err)
{
    size_t tmpl_len;
    errno_t ret;
    int fd = -1;
    mode_t old_umask;
    struct tmpfile_watch *tw = NULL;

    tmpl_len = strlen(path_tmpl);
    if (tmpl_len < 6 || strcmp(path_tmpl + (tmpl_len - 6), "XXXXXX") != 0) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE,
              "Template too short or doesn't end with XXXXXX!\n");
        ret = EINVAL;
        goto done;
    }

    old_umask = umask(file_umask);
    fd = mkstemp(path_tmpl);
    umask(old_umask);
    if (fd == -1) {
        ret = errno;
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE,
              "mkstemp(\"%s\") failed [%d]: %s!\n",
              path_tmpl, ret, strerror(ret));
        goto done;
    }

    if (owner != NULL) {
        tw = tmpfile_watch_set(owner, path_tmpl);
        if (tw == NULL) {
            unlink_dbg(path_tmpl);
            ret = ENOMEM;
            goto done;
        }
    }

    ret = EOK;
done:
    if (_err) {
        *_err = ret;
    }
    return fd;
}

int sss_unique_file(TALLOC_CTX *owner,
                    char *path_tmpl,
                    errno_t *_err)
{
    return sss_unique_file_ex(owner, path_tmpl, SSS_DFL_UMASK, _err);
}

errno_t sss_unique_filename(TALLOC_CTX *owner, char *path_tmpl)
{
    int fd;
    errno_t ret;

    fd = sss_unique_file(owner, path_tmpl, &ret);
    /* We only care about a unique file name */
    if (fd >= 0) {
        close(fd);
    }

    return ret;
}

static struct cert_verify_opts *init_cert_verify_opts(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
    struct cert_verify_opts *cert_verify_opts;

    cert_verify_opts = talloc_zero(mem_ctx, struct cert_verify_opts);
    if (cert_verify_opts == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_new failed.\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    cert_verify_opts->do_ocsp = true;
    cert_verify_opts->do_verification = true;
    cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder = NULL;
    cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert = NULL;

    return cert_verify_opts;
}

#define OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER "ocsp_default_responder="
#define OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_LEN (sizeof(OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER) - 1)

#define OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT \
                                          "ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert="
#define OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT_LEN \
                                (sizeof(OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT) - 1)

errno_t parse_cert_verify_opts(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const char *verify_opts,
                               struct cert_verify_opts **_cert_verify_opts)
{
    int ret;
    TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
    char **opts;
    size_t c;
    struct cert_verify_opts *cert_verify_opts;

    tmp_ctx = talloc_new(NULL);
    if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "talloc_new failed.\n");
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    cert_verify_opts = init_cert_verify_opts(tmp_ctx);
    if (cert_verify_opts == NULL) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "init_cert_verify_opts failed.\n");
        ret = ENOMEM;
        goto done;
    }

    if (verify_opts == NULL) {
        ret = EOK;
        goto done;
    }

    ret = split_on_separator(tmp_ctx, verify_opts, ',', true, true, &opts,
                             NULL);
    if (ret != EOK) {
        DEBUG(SSSDBG_OP_FAILURE, "split_on_separator failed.\n");
        goto done;
    }

    for (c = 0; opts[c] != NULL; c++) {
        if (strcasecmp(opts[c], "no_ocsp") == 0) {
            DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_ALL,
                  "Found 'no_ocsp' option, disabling OCSP.\n");
            cert_verify_opts->do_ocsp = false;
        } else if (strcasecmp(opts[c], "no_verification") == 0) {
            DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
                  "Found 'no_verification' option, "
                  "disabling verification completely. "
                  "This should not be used in production.\n");
            cert_verify_opts->do_verification = false;
        } else if (strncasecmp(opts[c], OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER,
                               OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_LEN) == 0) {
            cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder =
                             talloc_strdup(cert_verify_opts,
                                           &opts[c][OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_LEN]);
            if (cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder == NULL
                    || *cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder == '\0') {
                DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
                      "Failed to parse ocsp_default_responder option [%s].\n",
                      opts[c]);
                ret = EINVAL;
                goto done;
            }

            DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_ALL, "Using OCSP default responder [%s]\n",
                                    cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder);
        } else if (strncasecmp(opts[c],
                               OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT,
                               OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT_LEN) == 0) {
            cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert =
                talloc_strdup(cert_verify_opts,
                              &opts[c][OCSP_DEFAUL_RESPONDER_SIGNING_CERT_LEN]);
            if (cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert == NULL
                    || *cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert
                                                                      == '\0') {
                DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
                      "Failed to parse ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert "
                      "option [%s].\n", opts[c]);
                ret = EINVAL;
                goto done;
            }

            DEBUG(SSSDBG_TRACE_ALL,
                  "Using OCSP default responder signing cert nickname [%s]\n",
                  cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert);
        } else {
            DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
                  "Unsupported certificate verification option [%s], " \
                  "skipping.\n", opts[c]);
        }
    }

    if ((cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder == NULL
            && cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert != NULL)
        || (cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder != NULL
            && cert_verify_opts->ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert == NULL)) {

        DEBUG(SSSDBG_CRIT_FAILURE,
              "ocsp_default_responder and ocsp_default_responder_signing_cert "
              "must be used together.\n");

        ret = EINVAL;
        goto done;
    }

    ret = EOK;

done:
    if (ret == EOK) {
        *_cert_verify_opts = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, cert_verify_opts);
    }

    talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

    return ret;
}

bool is_user_or_group_name(const char *sudo_user_value)
{
    if (sudo_user_value == NULL) {
        return false;
    }

    /* See man sudoers.ldap for explanation */
    if (strcmp(sudo_user_value, "ALL") == 0) {
        return false;
    }

    switch (sudo_user_value[0]) {
    case '#':           /* user id */
    case '+':           /* netgroup */
    case '\0':          /* empty value */
        return false;
    }

    if (sudo_user_value[0] == '%') {
        switch (sudo_user_value[1]) {
        case '#':           /* POSIX group ID */
        case ':':           /* non-POSIX group */
        case '\0':          /* empty value */
            return false;
        }
    }

    /* Now it's either a username or a groupname */
    return true;
}

bool is_socket_activated(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD
    return !!socket_activated;
#else
    return false;
#endif
}

bool is_dbus_activated(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD
    return !!dbus_activated;
#else
    return false;
#endif
}