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authorttate <ttate@b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e>2002-04-11 06:55:12 +0000
committerttate <ttate@b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e>2002-04-11 06:55:12 +0000
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-<html>
-<head><title>Ruby/DL</title></head>
-<body>
-<center>
- <h2>Ruby/DL</h2>
- an interface to dynamic linking loader
-</center>
-
-<hr>
-<h2>Ruby/DL</h2>
-
-`Ruby/DL' provides an interface to the dynamic linking loader.
-
-<hr>
-<h2>Installing</h2>
-
-<blockquote>
-<pre>
-$ ruby extconf.rb # to create the Makefile
-$ make # to build the library 'dl.so'
-$ make libtest.so # to build the C library 'libtest.so' for the test script
-$ make test # to run the test script
-$ make install # to install the library
-$ make clean # to remove the created files without Makefile
-$ make distclean # to remove the all created files
-</pre>
-</blockquote>
-
-<hr>
-<h2>Functions and Classes</h2>
-
-after loading the `dl' library, we get access to the module called `DL'.
-the DL module has the following constants, functions and classes.
-
-<h2>Constants</h2>
-
-VERSION<br>
-MAJOR_VERSION<br>
-MINOR_VERSION<br>
-PATCH_VERSION<br>
-RTLD_GLOBAL<br>
-RTLD_LAZY<br>
-RTLD_NOW<br>
-MAX_ARG<br>
-MAX_CBARG<br>
-MAX_CBENT<br>
-
-<h2>Functions</h2>
-
-<dl>
- <dt>handle = dlopen(lib){|handle| ... }</dt>
- <dd>is quite equal to `Handle.new(lib)'
-
- <dt>sym = set_callback(cbtype, entry){|args| ... }
- <dt>sym = set_callback(cbtype, entry, proc)
- <dd>makes <u>entry</u>-th pre-defined function to call the <u>proc</u>
- or given block.
- the <u>entry</u>-th pre-defined function is specified by
- <u>cbtype</u> and <u>entry</u>.
- <u>cbtype</u> is a prototype of the callback.
- see also the section `Type specifiers' about <u>cbtype</u>.
-
- <dt>sym = get_callback(cbtype, entry)
- <dd>returns the Proc object which is given by the above function `set_callback'.
-
- <dt>ptr = malloc(size, [free = nil])
- <dd>allocates the <u>size</u> bytes, and returns the pointer as a
- PtrData object <u>ptr</u>.
-
- <dt>ptr = strdup(str)
- <dd>returns a PtrData object <u>ptr</u> which represents the pointer to
- a new string which is a duplicate of the string <u>str</u>.
-
- <dt>size = sizeof(type)
- <dd>returns the size of <u>type</u>. `sizeof("C") + sizeof("L")' is not
- equal to `sizeof("CL")'. the latter is assumed to returns the
- enough size of the structure `struct foo { char c; long l; }',
- but the size may not equal to `sizeof(foo)' of C.
-</dl>
-
-<h2>class Handle</h2>
-
-<dl>
- <dt>handle = Handle.new(lib){|handle| ... }</dt>
- <dd>opens a library <u>lib</u> and returns a Handle object
- <u>handle</u>. if a block is given, the handle is
- automatically closed as the block ends.
-
- <dt>Handle#close
- <dd>closes the handle opened by the above Handle.new(lib).
-
- <dt>sym = Handle#sym(func, prototype = "0")
- <dt>sym = Handle#[func, prototype = nil]
- <dd>obtains the pointer to a function called <u>func</u> and returns
- a Symbol object or a DataPtr object.
- <u>prototype</u> is a string which consists of type specifiers,
- it indicates the function's prototype.
- see also the section `Type specifiers'.
-</dl>
-
-<h2>class Symbol</h2>
-
-<dl>
- <dt>sym = Symbol.new(addr, type = nil, name = nil)
- <dd>creates the Symbol object <u>sym</u> with the type <u>type</u>
- if <u>type</u> is not nil. <u>addr</u> is the address where the
- function is allocated. If <u>type</u> is nil, it returns a DataPtr
- object.
-
- <dt>Symbol::char2type(char)
- <dd>takes a character <u>char</u> that represents a type and returns
- the type specifier of the C language.
-
- <dt>str = Symbol#proto()
- <dd>returns the function prototype.
-
- <dt>str = Symbol#name()
- <dd>Returns the function name.
-
- <dt>str = Symbol#cproto()
- <dt>str = Symbol#to_s()
- <dd>returns the prototype of the C language.
-
- <dt>str = Symbol#inspect()
- <dd>returns the inspectable string.
-
- <dt>r,rs = Symbol#call(arg1,arg2,...,argN)
- <dt>r,rs = Symbol#[](arg1,arg2,...,argN)
- <dd>calls the function with parameters arg1, arg2, ..., argN.
- and the result consists of the return value <u>r</u> and
- parameters <u>rs</u>. <u>rs</u> is an array.
-
- <dt>ptr = Symbol#to_ptr
- <dd>returns the corresponding PtrData object <u>ptr</u>.
-</dl>
-
-<h2>class PtrData</h2>
-
-<dl>
- <dt>ptr = PtrData.new(addr, [free = nil])
- <dd>returns the PtrData object representing the pointer which
- indicates the address <u>addr</u>.
- GC frees the memory using the <u>free</u> function.
-
- <dt>PtrData#free=(sym)
- <dd>if you specify a symbol object <u>sym</u>, GC frees the memory
- using the function represented by <u>sym</u>.
-
- <dt>sym = PtrData#free
- <dd>returns a symbol object <u>sym</u> which is used when GC frees
- the memory. it usually configured by `PtrData#free=' or `PtrData.new'.
-
- <dt>size = PtrData#size, PtrData#size=(size)
- <dd>gets and sets allocated size of the memory.
-
- <dt>ary = PtrData#to_a(type, [size])
- <dd>returns an array of the type which specified with <u>type</u>.
- <u>type</u> must be one of 'S','P','I','L','D' and 'F'.
-
- <dt>str = PtrData#to_s([len])
- <dd>returns a string which length is <u>len</u>. if <u>len</u>
- is omitted, the end of the string is '\0'.
-
- <dt>ptr = PtrData#ptr,+@
- <dd>returns the pointed value as a PtrData object <u>ptr</u>.
-
- <dt>ptr = PtrData#ref,-@
- <dd>returns the reference as a PtrData object <u>ptr</u>.
-
- <dt>ptr = PtrData#+
- <dd>returns the PtrData object
-
- <dt>ptr = PtrData#-
- <dd>returns the PtrData object
-
- <dt>PtrData#struct!(type, *members)
- <dd>defines the data type to get access to a structure member with a symbol.
- (see also PtrData#[])
-
- <dt>PtrData#union!(type, *members)
- <dd>defines the data type to get access to a union member with a symbol.
- (see also PtrData#[])
-
- <dt>val = PtrData#[key], PtrData#[key, num = 0]
- <dd>if the <u>key</u> is a string or symbol, this method returns the
- value of the structure/union member which has the type defined by
- PtrData#{struct!,union!}.
- if the <u>key</u> is a integer value and this object represents
- the pointer <u>ptr</u>, it returns the value of
- `(<u>ptr</u> + <u>key</u>).to_s(num)'
-
- <dt>PtrData#[key,num]=val, PtrData#[key]=val
- <dd>if the <u>key</u> is a string or symbol, this method substitute
- the value of the structure/union member with <u>val</u>.
- if the <u>key</u> is a integer value and <u>val</u> is a string,
- this method copies <u>num</u> bytes of <u>val</u> to the memory
- area <u>ptr</u> using memcpy(3).
-</dl>
-
-<hr>
-<h2>Type specifiers</h2>
-
-the <u>prototype</u> consists of the following type specifiers,
-first element of <u>prototype</u> represents the type of return value,
-and remaining elements represent the type of each argument.
-
-<blockquote>
- C : a character (char)<br>
- c : a pointer to a character (char *)<br>
- H : a short integer (short)<br>
- h : a pointer to a short integer (short *)<br>
- I : an integer (char, short, int)<br>
- i : a pointer to an integer (char *, short *, int *)<br>
- L : a long integer (long)<br>
- l : a pointer to a long integer (long *)<br>
- F : a real (float)<br>
- f : a pointer to a real (float *)<br>
- D : a real (double)<br>
- d : a pointer to a real (double *)<br>
- S : an immutable string (const char *)<br>
- s : a mutable string (char *)<br>
- A : an array (const type[])<br>
- a : a mutable array (type[])<br>
- P : a pointer (void *)<br>
- p : a mutable object (void *)<br>
- 0 : void function
- (this must be a first character of the <u>prototype</u>)<br>
-</blockquote>
-
-the <u>cbtype</u> consists of type specifiers 0, I, L, D and P.
-<br>
-for example:
-<blockquote>
-<pre>
-DL.set_callback('IPP',0){|ptr1,ptr2|
- str1 = ptr1.ptr.to_s
- str2 = ptr2.ptr.to_s
- return str1 <=> str2
-}
-</pre>
-</blockquote>
-
-<hr>
-<i>ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp</i>
-
-</body>
-</html> \ No newline at end of file