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diff --git a/scratch/bash-3.1/lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-3 b/scratch/bash-3.1/lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-3 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d5b309f --- /dev/null +++ b/scratch/bash-3.1/lib/termcap/grot/termcap.info-3 @@ -0,0 +1,1480 @@ +This is Info file ./termcap.info, produced by Makeinfo-1.55 from the +input file ./termcap.texi. + + This file documents the termcap library of the GNU system. + + Copyright (C) 1988 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this +manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are +preserved on all copies. + + Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of +this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that +the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a +permission notice identical to this one. + + Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this +manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified +versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a +translation approved by the Foundation. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Insdel Char, Next: Standout, Prev: Insdel Line, Up: Capabilities + +Insert/Delete Character +======================= + + "Inserting a character" means creating a blank space in the middle +of a line, and pushing the rest of the line rightward. The character +in the rightmost column is lost. + + "Deleting a character" means causing the character to disappear from +the screen, closing up the gap by moving the rest of the line leftward. +A blank space appears in the rightmost column. + + Insertion and deletion of characters is useful in programs that +maintain an updating display some parts of which may get longer or +shorter. It is also useful in editors for redisplaying the results of +editing within a line. + + Many terminals provide commands to insert or delete a single +character at the cursor position. Some provide the ability to insert +or delete several characters with one command, using the number of +characters to insert or delete as a parameter. + + Many terminals provide an insert mode in which outputting a graphic +character has the added effect of inserting a position for that +character. A special command string is used to enter insert mode and +another is used to exit it. The reason for designing a terminal with +an insert mode rather than an insert command is that inserting +character positions is usually followed by writing characters into +them. With insert mode, this is as fast as simply writing the +characters, except for the fixed overhead of entering and leaving +insert mode. However, when the line speed is great enough, padding may +be required for the graphic characters output in insert mode. + + Some terminals require you to enter insert mode and then output a +special command for each position to be inserted. Or they may require +special commands to be output before or after each graphic character to +be inserted. + + Deletion of characters is usually accomplished by a straightforward +command to delete one or several positions; but on some terminals, it +is necessary to enter a special delete mode before using the delete +command, and leave delete mode afterward. Sometimes delete mode and +insert mode are the same mode. + + Some terminals make a distinction between character positions in +which a space character has been output and positions which have been +cleared. On these terminals, the effect of insert or delete character +runs to the first cleared position rather than to the end of the line. +In fact, the effect may run to more than one line if there is no +cleared position to stop the shift on the first line. These terminals +are identified by the `in' flag capability. + + On terminals with the `in' flag, the technique of skipping over +characters that you know were cleared, and then outputting text later +on in the same line, causes later insert and delete character +operations on that line to do nonstandard things. A program that has +any chance of doing this must check for the `in' flag and must be +careful to write explicit space characters into the intermediate +columns when `in' is present. + + A plethora of terminal capabilities are needed to describe all of +this complexity. Here is a list of them all. Following the list, we +present an algorithm for programs to use to take proper account of all +of these capabilities. + +`im' + String of commands to enter insert mode. + + If the terminal has no special insert mode, but it can insert + characters with a special command, `im' should be defined with a + null value, because the `vi' editor assumes that insertion of a + character is impossible if `im' is not provided. + + New programs should not act like `vi'. They should pay attention + to `im' only if it is defined. + +`ei' + String of commands to leave insert mode. This capability must be + present if `im' is. + + On a few old terminals the same string is used to enter and exit + insert mode. This string turns insert mode on if it was off, and + off it it was on. You can tell these terminals because the `ei' + string equals the `im' string. If you want to support these + terminals, you must always remember accurately whether insert mode + is in effect. However, these terminals are obsolete, and it is + reasonable to refuse to support them. On all modern terminals, you + can safely output `ei' at any time to ensure that insert mode is + turned off. + +`ic' + String of commands to insert one character position at the cursor. + The cursor does not move. + + If outputting a graphic character while in insert mode is + sufficient to insert the character, then the `ic' capability + should be defined with a null value. + + If your terminal offers a choice of ways to insert--either use + insert mode or use a special command--then define `im' and do not + define `ic', since this gives the most efficient operation when + several characters are to be inserted. *Do not* define both + strings, for that means that *both* must be used each time + insertion is done. + +`ip' + String of commands to output following an inserted graphic + character in insert mode. Often it is used just for a padding + spec, when padding is needed after an inserted character (*note + Padding::.). + +`IC' + String of commands to insert N character positions at and after + the cursor. It has the same effect as repeating the `ic' string + and a space, N times. + + If `IC' is provided, application programs may use it without first + entering insert mode. + +`mi' + Flag whose presence means it is safe to move the cursor while in + insert mode and assume the terminal remains in insert mode. + +`in' + Flag whose presence means that the terminal distinguishes between + character positions in which space characters have been output and + positions which have been cleared. + + An application program can assume that the terminal can do character +insertion if *any one of* the capabilities `IC', `im', `ic' or `ip' is +provided. + + To insert N blank character positions, move the cursor to the place +to insert them and follow this algorithm: + + 1. If an `IC' string is provided, output it with parameter N and you + are finished. Otherwise (or if you don't want to bother to look + for an `IC' string) follow the remaining steps. + + 2. Output the `im' string, if there is one, unless the terminal is + already in insert mode. + + 3. Repeat steps 4 through 6, N times. + + 4. Output the `ic' string if any. + + 5. Output a space. + + 6. Output the `ip' string if any. + + 7. Output the `ei' string, eventually, to exit insert mode. There is + no need to do this right away. If the `mi' flag is present, you + can move the cursor and the cursor will remain in insert mode; + then you can do more insertion elsewhere without reentering insert + mode. + + To insert N graphic characters, position the cursor and follow this +algorithm: + + 1. If an `IC' string is provided, output it with parameter N, then + output the graphic characters, and you are finished. Otherwise + (or if you don't want to bother to look for an `IC' string) follow + the remaining steps. + + 2. Output the `im' string, if there is one, unless the terminal is + already in insert mode. + + 3. For each character to be output, repeat steps 4 through 6. + + 4. Output the `ic' string if any. + + 5. Output the next graphic character. + + 6. Output the `ip' string if any. + + 7. Output the `ei' string, eventually, to exit insert mode. There is + no need to do this right away. If the `mi' flag is present, you + can move the cursor and the cursor will remain in insert mode; + then you can do more insertion elsewhere without reentering insert + mode. + + Note that this is not the same as the original Unix termcap +specifications in one respect: it assumes that the `IC' string can be +used without entering insert mode. This is true as far as I know, and +it allows you be able to avoid entering and leaving insert mode, and +also to be able to avoid the inserted-character padding after the +characters that go into the inserted positions. + + Deletion of characters is less complicated; deleting one column is +done by outputting the `dc' string. However, there may be a delete +mode that must be entered with `dm' in order to make `dc' work. + +`dc' + String of commands to delete one character position at the cursor. + If `dc' is not present, the terminal cannot delete characters. + +`DC' + String of commands to delete N characters starting at the cursor. + It has the same effect as repeating the `dc' string N times. Any + terminal description that has `DC' also has `dc'. + +`dm' + String of commands to enter delete mode. If not present, there is + no delete mode, and `dc' can be used at any time (assuming there is + a `dc'). + +`ed' + String of commands to exit delete mode. This must be present if + `dm' is. + + To delete N character positions, position the cursor and follow these +steps: + + 1. If the `DC' string is present, output it with parameter N and you + are finished. Otherwise, follow the remaining steps. + + 2. Output the `dm' string, unless you know the terminal is already in + delete mode. + + 3. Output the `dc' string N times. + + 4. Output the `ed' string eventually. If the flag capability `mi' is + present, you can move the cursor and do more deletion without + leaving and reentering delete mode. + + As with the `IC' string, we have departed from the original termcap +specifications by assuming that `DC' works without entering delete mode +even though `dc' would not. + + If the `dm' and `im' capabilities are both present and have the same +value, it means that the terminal has one mode for both insertion and +deletion. It is useful for a program to know this, because then it can +do insertions after deletions, or vice versa, without leaving +insert/delete mode and reentering it. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Standout, Next: Underlining, Prev: Insdel Char, Up: Capabilities + +Standout and Appearance Modes +============================= + + "Appearance modes" are modifications to the ways characters are +displayed. Typical appearance modes include reverse video, dim, bright, +blinking, underlined, invisible, and alternate character set. Each +kind of terminal supports various among these, or perhaps none. + + For each type of terminal, one appearance mode or combination of +them that looks good for highlighted text is chosen as the "standout +mode". The capabilities `so' and `se' say how to enter and leave +standout mode. Programs that use appearance modes only to highlight +some text generally use the standout mode so that they can work on as +many terminals as possible. Use of specific appearance modes other +than "underlined" and "alternate character set" is rare. + + Terminals that implement appearance modes fall into two general +classes as to how they do it. + + In some terminals, the presence or absence of any appearance mode is +recorded separately for each character position. In these terminals, +each graphic character written is given the appearance modes current at +the time it is written, and keeps those modes until it is erased or +overwritten. There are special commands to turn the appearance modes +on or off for characters to be written in the future. + + In other terminals, the change of appearance modes is represented by +a marker that belongs to a certain screen position but affects all +following screen positions until the next marker. These markers are +traditionally called "magic cookies". + + The same capabilities (`so', `se', `mb' and so on) for turning +appearance modes on and off are used for both magic-cookie terminals +and per-character terminals. On magic cookie terminals, these give the +commands to write the magic cookies. On per-character terminals, they +change the current modes that affect future output and erasure. Some +simple applications can use these commands without knowing whether or +not they work by means of cookies. + + However, a program that maintains and updates a display needs to know +whether the terminal uses magic cookies, and exactly what their effect +is. This information comes from the `sg' capability. + + The `sg' capability is a numeric capability whose presence indicates +that the terminal uses magic cookies for appearance modes. Its value is +the number of character positions that a magic cookie occupies. Usually +the cookie occupies one or more character positions on the screen, and +these character positions are displayed as blank, but in some terminals +the cookie has zero width. + + The `sg' capability describes both the magic cookie to turn standout +on and the cookie to turn it off. This makes the assumption that both +kinds of cookie have the same width on the screen. If that is not true, +the narrower cookie must be "widened" with spaces until it has the same +width as the other. + + On some magic cookie terminals, each line always starts with normal +display; in other words, the scope of a magic cookie never extends over +more than one line. But on other terminals, one magic cookie affects +all the lines below it unless explicitly canceled. Termcap does not +define any way to distinguish these two ways magic cookies can work. +To be safe, it is best to put a cookie at the beginning of each line. + + On some per-character terminals, standout mode or other appearance +modes may be canceled by moving the cursor. On others, moving the +cursor has no effect on the state of the appearance modes. The latter +class of terminals are given the flag capability `ms' ("can move in +standout"). All programs that might have occasion to move the cursor +while appearance modes are turned on must check for this flag; if it is +not present, they should reset appearance modes to normal before doing +cursor motion. + + A program that has turned on only standout mode should use `se' to +reset the standout mode to normal. A program that has turned on only +alternate character set mode should use `ae' to return it to normal. +If it is possible that any other appearance modes are turned on, use the +`me' capability to return them to normal. + + Note that the commands to turn on one appearance mode, including `so' +and `mb' ... `mr', if used while some other appearance modes are turned +on, may combine the two modes on some terminals but may turn off the +mode previously enabled on other terminals. This is because some +terminals do not have a command to set or clear one appearance mode +without changing the others. Programs should not attempt to use +appearance modes in combination except with `sa', and when switching +from one single mode to another should always turn off the previously +enabled mode and then turn on the new desired mode. + + On some old terminals, the `so' and `se' commands may be the same +command, which has the effect of turning standout on if it is off, or +off it is on. It is therefore risky for a program to output extra `se' +commands for good measure. Fortunately, all these terminals are +obsolete. + + Programs that update displays in which standout-text may be replaced +with non-standout text must check for the `xs' flag. In a per-character +terminal, this flag says that the only way to remove standout once +written is to clear that portion of the line with the `ce' string or +something even more powerful (*note Clearing::.); just writing new +characters at those screen positions will not change the modes in +effect there. In a magic cookie terminal, `xs' says that the only way +to remove a cookie is to clear a portion of the line that includes the +cookie; writing a different cookie at the same position does not work. + + Such programs must also check for the `xt' flag, which means that the +terminal is a Teleray 1061. On this terminal it is impossible to +position the cursor at the front of a magic cookie, so the only two +ways to remove a cookie are (1) to delete the line it is on or (2) to +position the cursor at least one character before it (possibly on a +previous line) and output the `se' string, which on these terminals +finds and removes the next `so' magic cookie on the screen. (It may +also be possible to remove a cookie which is not at the beginning of a +line by clearing that line.) The `xt' capability also has implications +for the use of tab characters, but in that regard it is obsolete (*Note +Cursor Motion::). + +`so' + String of commands to enter standout mode. + +`se' + String of commands to leave standout mode. + +`sg' + Numeric capability, the width on the screen of the magic cookie. + This capability is absent in terminals that record appearance modes + character by character. + +`ms' + Flag whose presence means that it is safe to move the cursor while + the appearance modes are not in the normal state. If this flag is + absent, programs should always reset the appearance modes to + normal before moving the cursor. + +`xs' + Flag whose presence means that the only way to reset appearance + modes already on the screen is to clear to end of line. On a + per-character terminal, you must clear the area where the modes + are set. On a magic cookie terminal, you must clear an area + containing the cookie. See the discussion above. + +`xt' + Flag whose presence means that the cursor cannot be positioned + right in front of a magic cookie, and that `se' is a command to + delete the next magic cookie following the cursor. See discussion + above. + +`mb' + String of commands to enter blinking mode. + +`md' + String of commands to enter double-bright mode. + +`mh' + String of commands to enter half-bright mode. + +`mk' + String of commands to enter invisible mode. + +`mp' + String of commands to enter protected mode. + +`mr' + String of commands to enter reverse-video mode. + +`me' + String of commands to turn off all appearance modes, including + standout mode and underline mode. On some terminals it also turns + off alternate character set mode; on others, it may not. This + capability must be present if any of `mb' ... `mr' is present. + +`as' + String of commands to turn on alternate character set mode. This + mode assigns some or all graphic characters an alternate picture + on the screen. There is no standard as to what the alternate + pictures look like. + +`ae' + String of commands to turn off alternate character set mode. + +`sa' + String of commands to turn on an arbitrary combination of + appearance modes. It accepts 9 parameters, each of which controls + a particular kind of appearance mode. A parameter should be 1 to + turn its appearance mode on, or zero to turn that mode off. Most + terminals do not support the `sa' capability, even among those + that do have various appearance modes. + + The nine parameters are, in order, STANDOUT, UNDERLINE, REVERSE, + BLINK, HALF-BRIGHT, DOUBLE-BRIGHT, BLANK, PROTECT, ALT CHAR SET. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Underlining, Next: Cursor Visibility, Prev: Standout, Up: Capabilities + +Underlining +=========== + + Underlining on most terminals is a kind of appearance mode, much like +standout mode. Therefore, it may be implemented using magic cookies or +as a flag in the terminal whose current state affects each character +that is output. *Note Standout::, for a full explanation. + + The `ug' capability is a numeric capability whose presence indicates +that the terminal uses magic cookies for underlining. Its value is the +number of character positions that a magic cookie for underlining +occupies; it is used for underlining just as `sg' is used for standout. +Aside from the simplest applications, it is impossible to use +underlining correctly without paying attention to the value of `ug'. + +`us' + String of commands to turn on underline mode or to output a magic + cookie to start underlining. + +`ue' + String of commands to turn off underline mode or to output a magic + cookie to stop underlining. + +`ug' + Width of magic cookie that represents a change of underline mode; + or missing, if the terminal does not use a magic cookie for this. + +`ms' + Flag whose presence means that it is safe to move the cursor while + the appearance modes are not in the normal state. Underlining is + an appearance mode. If this flag is absent, programs should + always turn off underlining before moving the cursor. + + There are two other, older ways of doing underlining: there can be a +command to underline a single character, or the output of `_', the +ASCII underscore character, as an overstrike could cause a character to +be underlined. New programs need not bother to handle these +capabilities unless the author cares strongly about the obscure +terminals which support them. However, terminal descriptions should +provide these capabilities when appropriate. + +`uc' + String of commands to underline the character under the cursor, and + move the cursor right. + +`ul' + Flag whose presence means that the terminal can underline by + overstriking an underscore character (`_'); some terminals can do + this even though they do not support overstriking in general. An + implication of this flag is that when outputting new text to + overwrite old text, underscore characters must be treated + specially lest they underline the old text instead. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Cursor Visibility, Next: Bell, Prev: Underlining, Up: Capabilities + +Cursor Visibility +================= + + Some terminals have the ability to make the cursor invisible, or to +enhance it. Enhancing the cursor is often done by programs that plan +to use the cursor to indicate to the user a position of interest that +may be anywhere on the screen--for example, the Emacs editor enhances +the cursor on entry. Such programs should always restore the cursor to +normal on exit. + +`vs' + String of commands to enhance the cursor. + +`vi' + String of commands to make the cursor invisible. + +`ve' + String of commands to return the cursor to normal. + + If you define either `vs' or `vi', you must also define `ve'. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Bell, Next: Keypad, Prev: Cursor Visibility, Up: Capabilities + +Bell +==== + + Here we describe commands to make the terminal ask for the user to +pay attention to it. + +`bl' + String of commands to cause the terminal to make an audible sound. + If this capability is absent, the terminal has no way to make a + suitable sound. + +`vb' + String of commands to cause the screen to flash to attract + attention ("visible bell"). If this capability is absent, the + terminal has no way to do such a thing. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Keypad, Next: Meta Key, Prev: Bell, Up: Capabilities + +Keypad and Function Keys +======================== + + Many terminals have arrow and function keys that transmit specific +character sequences to the computer. Since the precise sequences used +depend on the terminal, termcap defines capabilities used to say what +the sequences are. Unlike most termcap string-valued capabilities, +these are not strings of commands to be sent to the terminal, rather +strings that are received from the terminal. + + Programs that expect to use keypad keys should check, initially, for +a `ks' capability and send it, to make the keypad actually transmit. +Such programs should also send the `ke' string when exiting. + +`ks' + String of commands to make the keypad keys transmit. If this + capability is not provided, but the others in this section are, + programs may assume that the keypad keys always transmit. + +`ke' + String of commands to make the keypad keys work locally. This + capability is provided only if `ks' is. + +`kl' + String of input characters sent by typing the left-arrow key. If + this capability is missing, you cannot expect the terminal to have + a left-arrow key that transmits anything to the computer. + +`kr' + String of input characters sent by typing the right-arrow key. + +`ku' + String of input characters sent by typing the up-arrow key. + +`kd' + String of input characters sent by typing the down-arrow key. + +`kh' + String of input characters sent by typing the "home-position" key. + +`K1' ... `K5' + Strings of input characters sent by the five other keys in a 3-by-3 + array that includes the arrow keys, if the keyboard has such a + 3-by-3 array. Note that one of these keys may be the + "home-position" key, in which case one of these capabilities will + have the same value as the `kh' key. + +`k0' + String of input characters sent by function key 10 (or 0, if the + terminal has one labeled 0). + +`k1' ... `k9' + Strings of input characters sent by function keys 1 through 9, + provided for those function keys that exist. + +`kn' + Number: the number of numbered function keys, if there are more + than 10. + +`l0' ... `l9' + Strings which are the labels appearing on the keyboard on the keys + described by the capabilities `k0' ... `l9'. These capabilities + should be left undefined if the labels are `f0' or `f10' and `f1' + ... `f9'. + +`kH' + String of input characters sent by the "home down" key, if there is + one. + +`kb' + String of input characters sent by the "backspace" key, if there is + one. + +`ka' + String of input characters sent by the "clear all tabs" key, if + there is one. + +`kt' + String of input characters sent by the "clear tab stop this column" + key, if there is one. + +`kC' + String of input characters sent by the "clear screen" key, if + there is one. + +`kD' + String of input characters sent by the "delete character" key, if + there is one. + +`kL' + String of input characters sent by the "delete line" key, if there + is one. + +`kM' + String of input characters sent by the "exit insert mode" key, if + there is one. + +`kE' + String of input characters sent by the "clear to end of line" key, + if there is one. + +`kS' + String of input characters sent by the "clear to end of screen" + key, if there is one. + +`kI' + String of input characters sent by the "insert character" or "enter + insert mode" key, if there is one. + +`kA' + String of input characters sent by the "insert line" key, if there + is one. + +`kN' + String of input characters sent by the "next page" key, if there is + one. + +`kP' + String of input characters sent by the "previous page" key, if + there is one. + +`kF' + String of input characters sent by the "scroll forward" key, if + there is one. + +`kR' + String of input characters sent by the "scroll reverse" key, if + there is one. + +`kT' + String of input characters sent by the "set tab stop in this + column" key, if there is one. + +`ko' + String listing the other function keys the terminal has. This is a + very obsolete way of describing the same information found in the + `kH' ... `kT' keys. The string contains a list of two-character + termcap capability names, separated by commas. The meaning is + that for each capability name listed, the terminal has a key which + sends the string which is the value of that capability. For + example, the value `:ko=cl,ll,sf,sr:' says that the terminal has + four function keys which mean "clear screen", "home down", "scroll + forward" and "scroll reverse". + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Meta Key, Next: Initialization, Prev: Keypad, Up: Capabilities + +Meta Key +======== + + A Meta key is a key on the keyboard that modifies each character you +type by controlling the 0200 bit. This bit is on if and only if the +Meta key is held down when the character is typed. Characters typed +using the Meta key are called Meta characters. Emacs uses Meta +characters as editing commands. + +`km' + Flag whose presence means that the terminal has a Meta key. + +`mm' + String of commands to enable the functioning of the Meta key. + +`mo' + String of commands to disable the functioning of the Meta key. + + If the terminal has `km' but does not have `mm' and `mo', it means +that the Meta key always functions. If it has `mm' and `mo', it means +that the Meta key can be turned on or off. Send the `mm' string to +turn it on, and the `mo' string to turn it off. I do not know why one +would ever not want it to be on. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Initialization, Next: Pad Specs, Prev: Meta Key, Up: Capabilities + +Initialization +============== + +`ti' + String of commands to put the terminal into whatever special modes + are needed or appropriate for programs that move the cursor + nonsequentially around the screen. Programs that use termcap to do + full-screen display should output this string when they start up. + +`te' + String of commands to undo what is done by the `ti' string. + Programs that output the `ti' string on entry should output this + string when they exit. + +`is' + String of commands to initialize the terminal for each login + session. + +`if' + String which is the name of a file containing the string of + commands to initialize the terminal for each session of use. + Normally `is' and `if' are not both used. + +`i1' +`i3' + Two more strings of commands to initialize the terminal for each + login session. The `i1' string (if defined) is output before `is' + or `if', and the `i3' string (if defined) is output after. + + The reason for having three separate initialization strings is to + make it easier to define a group of related terminal types with + slightly different initializations. Define two or three of the + strings in the basic type; then the other types can override one + or two of the strings. + +`rs' + String of commands to reset the terminal from any strange mode it + may be in. Normally this includes the `is' string (or other + commands with the same effects) and more. What would go in the + `rs' string but not in the `is' string are annoying or slow + commands to bring the terminal back from strange modes that nobody + would normally use. + +`it' + Numeric value, the initial spacing between hardware tab stop + columns when the terminal is powered up. Programs to initialize + the terminal can use this to decide whether there is a need to set + the tab stops. If the initial width is 8, well and good; if it is + not 8, then the tab stops should be set; if they cannot be set, + the kernel is told to convert tabs to spaces, and other programs + will observe this and do likewise. + +`ct' + String of commands to clear all tab stops. + +`st' + String of commands to set tab stop at current cursor column on all + lines. + +`NF' + Flag whose presence means that the terminal does not support + XON/XOFF flow control. Programs should not send XON (`C-q') or + XOFF (`C-s') characters to the terminal. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Pad Specs, Next: Status Line, Prev: Initialization, Up: Capabilities + +Padding Capabilities +==================== + + There are two terminal capabilities that exist just to explain the +proper way to obey the padding specifications in all the command string +capabilities. One, `pc', must be obeyed by all termcap-using programs. + +`pb' + Numeric value, the lowest baud rate at which padding is actually + needed. Programs may check this and refrain from doing any + padding at lower speeds. + +`pc' + String of commands for padding. The first character of this + string is to be used as the pad character, instead of using null + characters for padding. If `pc' is not provided, use null + characters. Every program that uses termcap must look up this + capability and use it to set the variable `PC' that is used by + `tputs'. *Note Padding::. + + Some termcap capabilities exist just to specify the amount of +padding that the kernel should give to cursor motion commands used in +ordinary sequential output. + +`dC' + Numeric value, the number of msec of padding needed for the + carriage-return character. + +`dN' + Numeric value, the number of msec of padding needed for the newline + (linefeed) character. + +`dB' + Numeric value, the number of msec of padding needed for the + backspace character. + +`dF' + Numeric value, the number of msec of padding needed for the + formfeed character. + +`dT' + Numeric value, the number of msec of padding needed for the tab + character. + + In some systems, the kernel uses the above capabilities; in other +systems, the kernel uses the paddings specified in the string +capabilities `cr', `sf', `le', `ff' and `ta'. Descriptions of +terminals which require such padding should contain the `dC' ... `dT' +capabilities and also specify the appropriate padding in the +corresponding string capabilities. Since no modern terminals require +padding for ordinary sequential output, you probably won't need to do +either of these things. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Status Line, Next: Half-Line, Prev: Pad Specs, Up: Capabilities + +Status Line +=========== + + A "status line" is a line on the terminal that is not used for +ordinary display output but instead used for a special message. The +intended use is for a continuously updated description of what the +user's program is doing, and that is where the name "status line" comes +from, but in fact it could be used for anything. The distinguishing +characteristic of a status line is that ordinary output to the terminal +does not affect it; it changes only if the special status line commands +of this section are used. + +`hs' + Flag whose presence means that the terminal has a status line. If + a terminal description specifies that there is a status line, it + must provide the `ts' and `fs' capabilities. + +`ts' + String of commands to move the terminal cursor into the status + line. Usually these commands must specifically record the old + cursor position for the sake of the `fs' string. + +`fs' + String of commands to move the cursor back from the status line to + its previous position (outside the status line). + +`es' + Flag whose presence means that other display commands work while + writing the status line. In other words, one can clear parts of + it, insert or delete characters, move the cursor within it using + `ch' if there is a `ch' capability, enter and leave standout mode, + and so on. + +`ds' + String of commands to disable the display of the status line. This + may be absent, if there is no way to disable the status line + display. + +`ws' + Numeric value, the width of the status line. If this capability is + absent in a terminal that has a status line, it means the status + line is the same width as the other lines. + + Note that the value of `ws' is sometimes as small as 8. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Half-Line, Next: Printer, Prev: Status Line, Up: Capabilities + +Half-Line Motion +================ + + Some terminals have commands for moving the cursor vertically by +half-lines, useful for outputting subscripts and superscripts. Mostly +it is hardcopy terminals that have such features. + +`hu' + String of commands to move the cursor up half a line. If the + terminal is a display, it is your responsibility to avoid moving + up past the top line; however, most likely the terminal that + supports this is a hardcopy terminal and there is nothing to be + concerned about. + +`hd' + String of commands to move the cursor down half a line. If the + terminal is a display, it is your responsibility to avoid moving + down past the bottom line, etc. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Printer, Prev: Half-Line, Up: Capabilities + +Controlling Printers Attached to Terminals +========================================== + + Some terminals have attached hardcopy printer ports. They may be +able to copy the screen contents to the printer; they may also be able +to redirect output to the printer. Termcap does not have anything to +tell the program whether the redirected output appears also on the +screen; it does on some terminals but not all. + +`ps' + String of commands to cause the contents of the screen to be + printed. If it is absent, the screen contents cannot be printed. + +`po' + String of commands to redirect further output to the printer. + +`pf' + String of commands to terminate redirection of output to the + printer. This capability must be present in the description if + `po' is. + +`pO' + String of commands to redirect output to the printer for next N + characters of output, regardless of what they are. Redirection + will end automatically after N characters of further output. Until + then, nothing that is output can end redirection, not even the + `pf' string if there is one. The number N should not be more than + 255. + + One use of this capability is to send non-text byte sequences + (such as bit-maps) to the printer. + + Most terminals with printers do not support all of `ps', `po' and +`pO'; any one or two of them may be supported. To make a program that +can send output to all kinds of printers, it is necessary to check for +all three of these capabilities, choose the most convenient of the ones +that are provided, and use it in its own appropriate fashion. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Summary, Next: Var Index, Prev: Capabilities, Up: Top + +Summary of Capability Names +*************************** + + Here are all the terminal capability names in alphabetical order +with a brief description of each. For cross references to their +definitions, see the index of capability names (*note Cap Index::.). + +`ae' + String to turn off alternate character set mode. + +`al' + String to insert a blank line before the cursor. + +`AL' + String to insert N blank lines before the cursor. + +`am' + Flag: output to last column wraps cursor to next line. + +`as' + String to turn on alternate character set mode.like. + +`bc' + Very obsolete alternative name for the `le' capability. + +`bl' + String to sound the bell. + +`bs' + Obsolete flag: ASCII backspace may be used for leftward motion. + +`bt' + String to move the cursor left to the previous hardware tab stop + column. + +`bw' + Flag: `le' at left margin wraps to end of previous line. + +`CC' + String to change terminal's command character. + +`cd' + String to clear the line the cursor is on, and following lines. + +`ce' + String to clear from the cursor to the end of the line. + +`ch' + String to position the cursor at column C in the same line. + +`cl' + String to clear the entire screen and put cursor at upper left + corner. + +`cm' + String to position the cursor at line L, column C. + +`CM' + String to position the cursor at line L, column C, relative to + display memory. + +`co' + Number: width of the screen. + +`cr' + String to move cursor sideways to left margin. + +`cs' + String to set the scroll region. + +`cS' + Alternate form of string to set the scroll region. + +`ct' + String to clear all tab stops. + +`cv' + String to position the cursor at line L in the same column. + +`da' + Flag: data scrolled off top of screen may be scrolled back. + +`db' + Flag: data scrolled off bottom of screen may be scrolled back. + +`dB' + Obsolete number: msec of padding needed for the backspace + character. + +`dc' + String to delete one character position at the cursor. + +`dC' + Obsolete number: msec of padding needed for the carriage-return + character. + +`DC' + String to delete N characters starting at the cursor. + +`dF' + Obsolete number: msec of padding needed for the formfeed character. + +`dl' + String to delete the line the cursor is on. + +`DL' + String to delete N lines starting with the cursor's line. + +`dm' + String to enter delete mode. + +`dN' + Obsolete number: msec of padding needed for the newline character. + +`do' + String to move the cursor vertically down one line. + +`DO' + String to move cursor vertically down N lines. + +`ds' + String to disable the display of the status line. + +`dT' + Obsolete number: msec of padding needed for the tab character. + +`ec' + String of commands to clear N characters at cursor. + +`ed' + String to exit delete mode. + +`ei' + String to leave insert mode. + +`eo' + Flag: output of a space can erase an overstrike. + +`es' + Flag: other display commands work while writing the status line. + +`ff' + String to advance to the next page, for a hardcopy terminal. + +`fs' + String to move the cursor back from the status line to its + previous position (outside the status line). + +`gn' + Flag: this terminal type is generic, not real. + +`hc' + Flag: hardcopy terminal. + +`hd' + String to move the cursor down half a line. + +`ho' + String to position cursor at upper left corner. + +`hs' + Flag: the terminal has a status line. + +`hu' + String to move the cursor up half a line. + +`hz' + Flag: terminal cannot accept `~' as output. + +`i1' + String to initialize the terminal for each login session. + +`i3' + String to initialize the terminal for each login session. + +`ic' + String to insert one character position at the cursor. + +`IC' + String to insert N character positions at the cursor. + +`if' + String naming a file of commands to initialize the terminal. + +`im' + String to enter insert mode. + +`in' + Flag: outputting a space is different from moving over empty + positions. + +`ip' + String to output following an inserted character in insert mode. + +`is' + String to initialize the terminal for each login session. + +`it' + Number: initial spacing between hardware tab stop columns. + +`k0' + String of input sent by function key 0 or 10. + +`k1 ... k9' + Strings of input sent by function keys 1 through 9. + +`K1 ... K5' + Strings sent by the five other keys in 3-by-3 array with arrows. + +`ka' + String of input sent by the "clear all tabs" key. + +`kA' + String of input sent by the "insert line" key. + +`kb' + String of input sent by the "backspace" key. + +`kC' + String of input sent by the "clear screen" key. + +`kd' + String of input sent by typing the down-arrow key. + +`kD' + String of input sent by the "delete character" key. + +`ke' + String to make the function keys work locally. + +`kE' + String of input sent by the "clear to end of line" key. + +`kF' + String of input sent by the "scroll forward" key. + +`kh' + String of input sent by typing the "home-position" key. + +`kH' + String of input sent by the "home down" key. + +`kI' + String of input sent by the "insert character" or "enter insert + mode" key. + +`kl' + String of input sent by typing the left-arrow key. + +`kL' + String of input sent by the "delete line" key. + +`km' + Flag: the terminal has a Meta key. + +`kM' + String of input sent by the "exit insert mode" key. + +`kn' + Numeric value, the number of numbered function keys. + +`kN' + String of input sent by the "next page" key. + +`ko' + Very obsolete string listing the terminal's named function keys. + +`kP' + String of input sent by the "previous page" key. + +`kr' + String of input sent by typing the right-arrow key. + +`kR' + String of input sent by the "scroll reverse" key. + +`ks' + String to make the function keys transmit. + +`kS' + String of input sent by the "clear to end of screen" key. + +`kt' + String of input sent by the "clear tab stop this column" key. + +`kT' + String of input sent by the "set tab stop in this column" key. + +`ku' + String of input sent by typing the up-arrow key. + +`l0' + String on keyboard labelling function key 0 or 10. + +`l1 ... l9' + Strings on keyboard labelling function keys 1 through 9. + +`le' + String to move the cursor left one column. + +`LE' + String to move cursor left N columns. + +`li' + Number: height of the screen. + +`ll' + String to position cursor at lower left corner. + +`lm' + Number: lines of display memory. + +`LP' + Flag: writing to last column of last line will not scroll. + +`mb' + String to enter blinking mode. + +`md' + String to enter double-bright mode. + +`me' + String to turn off all appearance modes + +`mh' + String to enter half-bright mode. + +`mi' + Flag: cursor motion in insert mode is safe. + +`mk' + String to enter invisible mode. + +`mm' + String to enable the functioning of the Meta key. + +`mo' + String to disable the functioning of the Meta key. + +`mp' + String to enter protected mode. + +`mr' + String to enter reverse-video mode. + +`ms' + Flag: cursor motion in standout mode is safe. + +`nc' + Obsolete flag: do not use ASCII carriage-return on this terminal. + +`nd' + String to move the cursor right one column. + +`NF' + Flag: do not use XON/XOFF flow control. + +`nl' + Obsolete alternative name for the `do' and `sf' capabilities. + +`ns' + Flag: the terminal does not normally scroll for sequential output. + +`nw' + String to move to start of next line, possibly clearing rest of + old line. + +`os' + Flag: terminal can overstrike. + +`pb' + Number: the lowest baud rate at which padding is actually needed. + +`pc' + String containing character for padding. + +`pf' + String to terminate redirection of output to the printer. + +`po' + String to redirect further output to the printer. + +`pO' + String to redirect N characters ofoutput to the printer. + +`ps' + String to print the screen on the attached printer. + +`rc' + String to move to last saved cursor position. + +`RI' + String to move cursor right N columns. + +`rp' + String to output character C repeated N times. + +`rs' + String to reset the terminal from any strange modes. + +`sa' + String to turn on an arbitrary combination of appearance modes. + +`sc' + String to save the current cursor position. + +`se' + String to leave standout mode. + +`sf' + String to scroll the screen one line up. + +`SF' + String to scroll the screen N lines up. + +`sg' + Number: width of magic standout cookie. Absent if magic cookies + are not used. + +`so' + String to enter standout mode. + +`sr' + String to scroll the screen one line down. + +`SR' + String to scroll the screen N line down. + +`st' + String to set tab stop at current cursor column on all lines. + programs. + +`ta' + String to move the cursor right to the next hardware tab stop + column. + +`te' + String to return terminal to settings for sequential output. + +`ti' + String to initialize terminal for random cursor motion. + +`ts' + String to move the terminal cursor into the status line. + +`uc' + String to underline one character and move cursor right. + +`ue' + String to turn off underline mode + +`ug' + Number: width of underlining magic cookie. Absent if underlining + doesn't use magic cookies. + +`ul' + Flag: underline by overstriking with an underscore. + +`up' + String to move the cursor vertically up one line. + +`UP' + String to move cursor vertically up N lines. + +`us' + String to turn on underline mode + +`vb' + String to make the screen flash. + +`ve' + String to return the cursor to normal. + +`vi' + String to make the cursor invisible. + +`vs' + String to enhance the cursor. + +`wi' + String to set the terminal output screen window. + +`ws' + Number: the width of the status line. + +`xb' + Flag: superbee terminal. + +`xn' + Flag: cursor wraps in a strange way. + +`xs' + Flag: clearing a line is the only way to clear the appearance + modes of positions in that line (or, only way to remove magic + cookies on that line). + +`xt' + Flag: Teleray 1061; several strange characteristics. + + +File: termcap.info, Node: Var Index, Next: Cap Index, Prev: Summary, Up: Top + +Variable and Function Index +*************************** + +* Menu: + +* BC: tgoto. +* ospeed: Output Padding. +* PC: Output Padding. +* tgetent: Find. +* tgetflag: Interrogate. +* tgetnum: Interrogate. +* tgetstr: Interrogate. +* tgoto: tgoto. +* tparam: tparam. +* tputs: Output Padding. +* UP: tgoto. + |