diff options
| author | Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> | 2005-10-04 23:38:37 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> | 2005-10-04 23:38:37 +0000 |
| commit | 745cddfcd791359ff5ae5c2f33db3b196f6df481 (patch) | |
| tree | 4a5081d158f5f0e3ec784b1c2190d9870dceaa41 /src/util | |
| parent | a6759444a5cc94637576e92cf425efda13a791ea (diff) | |
| download | krb5-745cddfcd791359ff5ae5c2f33db3b196f6df481.tar.gz krb5-745cddfcd791359ff5ae5c2f33db3b196f6df481.tar.xz krb5-745cddfcd791359ff5ae5c2f33db3b196f6df481.zip | |
Move the db2 library to the site of its one use, the kdb-db2 module.
Update configuration scripts, pathname make variables, etc., accordingly.
git-svn-id: svn://anonsvn.mit.edu/krb5/trunk@17407 dc483132-0cff-0310-8789-dd5450dbe970
Diffstat (limited to 'src/util')
118 files changed, 7 insertions, 50897 deletions
diff --git a/src/util/ChangeLog b/src/util/ChangeLog index 47761a1098..56872aeac9 100644 --- a/src/util/ChangeLog +++ b/src/util/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,9 @@ +2005-10-04 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> + + * db2: Directory moved to modules/kdb/db2/libdb2. + * Makefile.in (LOCAL_SUBDIRS): Don't reference it. + (MAYBE_DB_k5, MAYBE_DB_sys): Variables deleted. + 2005-09-08 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> * mkrel: Update for svn. diff --git a/src/util/Makefile.in b/src/util/Makefile.in index ecad6b2b82..c9fd1d8ce6 100644 --- a/src/util/Makefile.in +++ b/src/util/Makefile.in @@ -7,16 +7,14 @@ mydir=util ##WIN32### below in the 'all-windows' target anyways, so just hide this. ##WIN32##!if 0 LOCAL_SUBDIRS=support $(MAYBE_ET_@COM_ERR_VERSION@) $(MAYBE_SS_@SS_VERSION@) \ - profile pty $(MAYBE_DB_@DB_VERSION@) send-pr + profile pty send-pr ##WIN32##!endif BUILDTOP=$(REL).. MAYBE_ET_k5 = et MAYBE_SS_k5 = ss -MAYBE_DB_k5 = db2 MAYBE_ET_sys = MAYBE_SS_sys = -MAYBE_DB_sys = editsh = sed -e 's,@''ARADD''@,$(ARADD),g' -e 's,@''ARCHIVE''@,$(ARCHIVE),g' HOST_TYPE=@HOST_TYPE@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/CHANGELOG.db2 b/src/util/db2/CHANGELOG.db2 deleted file mode 100644 index abd05f95d4..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/CHANGELOG.db2 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,123 +0,0 @@ -db2-alpha.0 -> db2-alpha.1 - This fixes a number of bugs in the alpha release. - 1. 64-bit functionality. The test suite now runs on alphas. - Memory leak fixed. - Pairs no longer disappear when pages are exactly full. - Flush meta-data correctly on sync. -1.86 -> db2-alpha.0 - This is an interim release. We are in the process of - adding logging, locking, and transaction support to all - the db access methods. This will necessitate database - format changes, interface changes, and major upheaval. - In the meantime, this PRELIMINARY release is to correct - some known bugs in the hash pacakge. This release uses - a different page format from 1.86, so you will need to - dump and reload any existing databases if you upgrade - to this (and may have to do it again when 2.0 becomes - available. -1.85 -> 1.86 - btree: Fix to split code for single large record at the end of a - page. -1.84 -> 1.85 - recno: #ifdef out use of mmap, it's not portable enough. - -1.83 -> 1.84 Thu Aug 18 15:46:07 EDT 1994 - recno: Rework fixed-length records so that closing and reopening - the file now works. Pad short records on input. Never do - signed comparison in recno input reading functions. - -1.82 -> 1.83 Tue Jul 26 15:33:44 EDT 1994 - btree: Rework cursor deletion code yet again; bugs with - deleting empty pages that only contained the cursor - record. - -1.81 -> 1.82 Sat Jul 16 11:01:50 EDT 1994 - btree: Fix bugs introduced by new cursor/deletion code. - Replace return kbuf/dbuf with real DBT's. - -1.80 -> 1.81 - btree: Fix bugs introduced by new cursor/deletion code. - all: Add #defines for Purify. - -1.79 -> 1.80 Wed Jul 13 22:41:54 EDT 1994 - btree Change deletion to coalesce empty pages. This is a major - change, cursors and duplicate pages all had to be reworked. - Return to a fixed stack. - recno: Affected by cursor changes. New cursor structures should - permit multiple cursors in the future. - -1.78 -> 1.79 Mon Jun 20 17:36:47 EDT 1994 - all: Minor cleanups of 1.78 for porting reasons; only - major change was inlining check of NULL pointer - so that __fix_realloc goes away. - -1.77 -> 1.78 Thu Jun 16 19:06:43 EDT 1994 - all: Move "standard" size typedef's into db.h. - -1.76 -> 1.77 Thu Jun 16 16:48:38 EDT 1994 - hash: Delete __init_ routine, has special meaning to OSF 2.0. - -1.74 -> 1.76 - all: Finish up the port to the Alpha. - -1.73 -> 1.74 - recno: Don't put the record if rec_search fails, in rec_rdelete. - Create fixed-length intermediate records past "end" of DB - correctly. - Realloc bug when reading in fixed records. - all: First cut at port to Alpha (64-bit architecture) using - 4.4BSD basic integral types typedef's. - Cast allocation pointers to shut up old compilers. - Rework PORT directory into OS/machine directories. - -1.72 -> 1.73 - btree: If enough duplicate records were inserted and then deleted - that internal pages had references to empty pages of the - duplicate keys, the search function ended up on the wrong - page. - -1.7 -> 1.72 12 Oct 1993 - hash: Support NET/2 hash formats. - -1.7 -> 1.71 16 Sep 1993 - btree/recno: - Fix bug in internal search routines that caused - return of invalid pointers. - -1.6 -> 1.7 07 Sep 1993 - hash: Fixed big key overflow bugs. - test: Portability hacks, rewrite test script, Makefile. - btree/recno: - Stop copying non-overflow key/data pairs. - PORT: Break PORT directory up into per architecture/OS - subdirectories. - -1.5 -> 1.6 06 Jun 1993 - hash: In PAIRFITS, the first comparison should look at (P)[2]. - The hash_realloc function was walking off the end of memory. - The overflow page number was wrong when bumping splitpoint. - -1.4 -> 1.5 23 May 1993 - hash: Set hash default fill factor dynamically. - recno: Fixed bug in sorted page splits. - Add page size parameter support. - Allow recno to specify the name of the underlying btree; - used for vi recovery. - btree/recno: - Support 64K pages. - btree/hash/recno: - Provide access to an underlying file descriptor. - Change sync routines to take a flag argument, recno - uses this to sync out the underlying btree. - -1.3 -> 1.4 10 May 1993 - recno: Delete the R_CURSORLOG flag from the recno interface. - Zero-length record fix for non-mmap reads. - Try and make SIZE_T_MAX test in open portable. - -1.2 -> 1.3 01 May 1993 - btree: Ignore user byte-order setting when reading already - existing database. Fixes to byte-order conversions. - -1.1 -> 1.2 15 Apr 1993 - No bug fixes, only compatibility hacks. diff --git a/src/util/db2/ChangeLog b/src/util/db2/ChangeLog deleted file mode 100644 index 83fe66af49..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/ChangeLog +++ /dev/null @@ -1,484 +0,0 @@ -2005-08-20 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Use K5_AC_INIT instead of AC_INIT. - -2004-06-15 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * mpool/mpool.c (mpool_get, mpool_write): Check that the offset - calculation didn't overflow. - -2004-06-11 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (include/generated.stmp): New intermediate target - file, to prevent repeated generation of unchanging header files. - (include/config.h, include/db-config.h): Depend on it. - ($(srcdir)/include/autoconf.stmp, $(srcdir)/include/config.h.in): - Likewise. - (clean-includes): Delete the new intermediate target files. - * configure.in: Generate include/generated.stmp when config.status - is run. - -2004-06-08 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in ($(srcdir)/include/config.h.in): Always use - --include, never try --localdir. - -2004-06-04 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (LIBBASE): Renamed from LIB. - -2004-05-23 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Check for sys/param.h too. - -2004-05-07 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Check for machine/endian.h too. - -2004-05-05 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (all-prerecurse): Make sure headers generated by - config.status are up to date. - (include/config.h, $(srcdir)/include/config.h.in, - include/db-config.h): New rules. - * configure.in: Don't check byte order here. Check for endian.h. - -2004-04-22 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * libdb.exports: New file. - -2004-04-02 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_seq.c: Include string.h. - -2003-04-01 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (install-unix): Delete install-libs. We don't want - to install our in-tree libdb. - -2003-01-10 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Don't explicitly invoke AC_PROG_INSTALL. - - * configure.in: Use V5_AC_OUTPUT_MAKEFILE instead of - K5_GEN_MAKEFILE and K5_AC_OUTPUT. - - * Makefile.in: Add AC_SUBST_FILE marker for lib_frag. - * btree/Makefile.in, clib/Makefile.in, db/Makefile.in, - hash/Makefile.in, mpool/Makefile.in, recno/Makefile.in: Add - AC_SUBST_FILE marker for libobj_frag. - -2003-01-05 Sam Hartman <hartmans@mit.edu> - - * clib/mkstemp.c (_gettemp): Remove declaration of errno - -2002-09-05 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Check for stdint.h and inttypes.h. - -2002-09-03 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@bu.edu> - - * acconfig.h: Remove file. All handled by configure.in now. - -2002-08-29 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in, btree/Makefile.in, clib/Makefile.in, - db/Makefile.in, hash/Makefile.in, mpool/Makefile.in, - recno/Makefile.in: Revert $(S)=>/ change, for Windows support. - -2002-08-28 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_split.c (bt_psplit): Correctly account for - sizeof(indx_t) when computing space used in a page by an item. - [patch from www.sleepycat.com] - -2002-08-23 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in, btree/Makefile.in, clib/Makefile.in, - db/Makefile.in, hash/Makefile.in, mpool/Makefile.in, - recno/Makefile.in: Change $(S)=>/ and $(U)=>.. globally. - -2002-08-23 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (LIBMINOR): Bump due to addition of bt_rseq(). - - * hash/hash_debug.c: Remove inclusion of compat.h, as we don't - have it in our build system. - - * btree/extern.h: Add missing prototypes/renames for - __bt_dmpage(). Add renames for bt_rseq() support functions. - - * btree/bt_seq.c (bt_rseq): New function; like __bt_seq() but does - recursive descent rather than using the prev/next pointers. This - will catch some pages that might be missed if the database is - inconsistent. Added support functions for bt_rseq() as well. - - * btree/bt_page.c (__bt_free): Set B_METADIRTY when updating free - list. - (__bt_new): Set B_METADIRTY when updating free list. - [patch from www.sleepycat.com] - - * btree/bt_debug.c (__bt_dump): Bound loop by number of pages - actually in file to avoid getting a nigh-infinite number of - all-zeroes pages. - (__bt_dmpage): Print a newline after dumping the meta page. - (__bt_dpage): Add DB* parameter; use this to get pagesize in order - to limit dumping of page contents, in case NEXTINDEX(h) happens to - be bogus. - (__bt_stat): Bound loop by number of pages actually in file so as - to stop counting pages after the actual end of file. - - * btree/bt_close.c (__bt_sync): Apply a Kerbnet fix from long ago; - don't return prematurely when B_METADIRTY is set but B_MODIFIED is - clear. - -2002-08-14 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (SUBDIROBJLISTS): New variable. - -2002-01-03 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_put.c (__bt_put): Correctly handle writing out the key - or data size on a big-endian 64-bit platform. - -2001-10-24 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Add optional argument to AC_DEFINE to provide - comment in generated header file. - - * acconfig.h: Remove int32_t and u_int32_t, handled by configure.in - -2001-07-08 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * hash/hash_func.c (hash4): Declare first argument const. - - * hash/hash.h: struct HTAB fname element now const. - - * hash/hash.c: Declare third argument to hash_access and init_hash - const. - -2001-07-06 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * hash/dbm.c: Include db-dbm.h for prototypes. - -2001-07-04 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * hash/hash_log2.c: Include hash.h, page.h and extern.h for prototype. - -2001-06-21 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * test/dbtest.c: Cast argument to isspace() to int. Do not shadow - global variables type and flags. - - * btree/bt_search.c, btree/bt_seq.c, recno/rec_search.c: Change - local variable index to idx. - -2001-06-21 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_delete.c, btree/bt_put.c, recno/rec_delete.c, - recno/rec_put.c: Change local variable index to idx. - - * hash/hash_page.c: Change local variable stat to status to - prevent shadowing system function. - -2000-11-01 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * configure.in (AC_COMPILE_TYPE): Declare with AC_DEFUN() instead - of define() as newer versions of autoconf check for AC_REQUIRE use - outside of AC_DEFUN. - -Thu Aug 10 23:21:01 2000 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Add AC_PROG_INSTALL for installation of library. - -2000-07-04 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * test/dbtest.c: Cleanup gcc -Wall complaints with printf format - strings. - -2000-07-02 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@engrailed.mit.edu> - - * recno/rec_seq.c: Include unused sccsid when LIBC_SCCS defined. - - * recno/rec_close.c (__rec_close): Explicit braces to avoid - ambiguous `else' - - * btree/bt_split.c (bt_psplit): Parenthesis about && and || - conditional. - - * btree/bt_put.c (__bt_put): Extra {} to make nested if/else - unambiguous. - - * btree/bt_open.c (__bt_open): Add parenthesis to ensure - precedence ordering. - - * hash/dbm.c (kdb2_dbm_firstkey): Conditionalize defintion of - variables based on use. - - * hash/hash_func.c: Ifdef out unused static hash functions. - - * hash/hash.c (init_htab): Remove unused variable. - -2000-07-01 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * clib/strerror.c: #include config.h. - - * clib/mkstemp.c: #include config.h. - - * clib/memmove.c: #include config.h. - - * clib/Makefile.in (LOCALINCLUDES): Add -I../include to get - config.h. - - * configure.in: Generate two config headers, one for internal use - and one for external use. Rework clib replacement code to use - AC_DEFINE rather than ADD_DEF. - - * Makefile.in (STOBJLISTS): Add clib. - -2000-06-30 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Rework to use krb5 build system. - - * Makefile.in: Rework to use krb5 build system. - - * btree/Makefile.in: New file. - - * clib/Makefile.in: New file. - - * db/Makefile.in: New file. - - * mpool/Makefile.in: New file. - - * recno/Makefile.in: New file. - - * test/Makefile.in: New file. - -2000-06-26 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_put.c (__bt_put): Initialize "e". - -2000-05-01 Nalin Dahyabhai <nalin@redhat.com> - - * hash/dbm.c (kdb2_dbm_open): Don't overflow buffer "path". - -1999-08-15 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * README.NOT.SLEEPYCAT.DB: New file; pointer to README to - hopefully unconfuse people. - - * README: Add notice to the effect that this is not Berkeley or - Sleepycat DB. - - * README.db2: Renamed from README. - -Fri Feb 13 14:37:47 1998 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * recno/extern.h: Additional renaming. - - * hash/extern.h: Additional renaming. - - * hash/hash_page.c (page_to_oaddr): - (is_bitmap_pgno): Declare static to avoid leaking symbols. - - * hash/search.h: Additional renaming. - - * hash/hash_log2.c (__log2): Rename explicitly. - - * mpool/mpool.h: Additional renaming. - - * btree/extern.h: Additional renaming. - - * hash/hash.c (__kdb2_hash_open): Rename to avoid potential - collision with NetBSD libc. - - * hash/dbm.c: Rename lots of functions to avoid colliding with - native dbm implementations. - - * db/db.c (kdb2_dbopen): Rename to avoid colliding with NetBSD - libc. - -Wed Jan 21 10:17:34 1998 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * btree/bt_open.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * clib/mkstemp.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * db/db.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * hash/dbm.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * hash/hash.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * hash/hsearch.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * include/db-int.h: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * recno/rec_open.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/dbtest.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/SEQ_TEST/t.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/btree.tests/main.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/driver2.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/tcreat3.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/tdel.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/thash4.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/tread2.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/tseq.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash1.tests/tverify.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash2.tests/bigtest.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - * test/hash2.tests/passtest.c: Added O_BINARY for __CYGWIN32__. - Changes originally by Jeremy Allison (jra@cygnus.com) - -Thu Jan 15 11:34:13 1998 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * hash/hash_bigkey.c (collect_key, collect_data): Cast malloc - return value to correct types. (raeburn@cygnus.com) - - * obj/Makefile.in (check): Set srcdir in environment. - (raeburn@cygnus.com) - - * configure.in (AC_COMPILE_TYPE): replacment for AC_CHECK_TYPE - that uses AC_TRY_COMPILE instead of AC_EGREP_CPP. For now, only - use it for the int32 types (where AC_CHECK_TYPE gets the wrong - result on __CYGWIN32__) and plan that AC_CHECK_TYPE itself gets - repaired. (Fix by eichin@cygnus.com) - - -Sun Dec 21 18:33:14 1997 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * hash/dbm.c: Rename the errno member of HTAB. - - * hash/hash.h: Rename the errno member of HTAB to local_errno to - avoid a collision with a glibc macro. - - * hash/hash.c: Rename the errno member of HTAB to local_errno to - avoid a collision with a glibc macro. - -Mon Nov 11 17:01:29 1996 Mark Eichin <eichin@cygnus.com> - - * db2: overflow_page fixes, __P redef - * db2 tests: better alternate dictionary support - - Tue Oct 8 22:55:01 1996 Mark W. Eichin <eichin@cygnus.com> - - * hash/hash.h (DEF_BUCKET_SIZE, DEF_SEGSIZE): now derived from - DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT and DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT respectively, for - consistency. - - Tue Oct 8 22:43:26 1996 Mark W. Eichin <eichin@cygnus.com> - - * hash/hash_page.c (__add_ovflpage, __add_bigpage): overflow_page - can return a 0 indicating a failure -- callers must check it - instead of corrupting the database. - (overflow_page): document apparent error return. - - Fri Aug 30 20:05:57 1996 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@cygnus.com> - - * test/dictionary: New file, list of garbage words. - * test/run.test (main): Use it if no other dictionary can be - found. Set dictsize with size of dictionary. - (test12, test20): Skip if dictionary is too small. - -Wed Aug 28 17:25:10 1996 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * configure.in: Add check for SIZEOF_INT. - - * include/db.h: Check SIZEOF_INT rather than UINT_MAX; it's broken - under Ultrix. - -Thu Aug 22 23:13:32 1996 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in: Add dummy rule for Makefiles. - -Wed Jul 31 03:35:47 1996 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * obj/Makefile.in: Add -Dfoo=my_foo when compiling replacement - functions (so that the redefinitions in db-int.h take - effect). - -Mon Jul 29 23:24:22 1996 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * hash/hash.c, hash/hash_func.c, hash/hash_page.c: Add "static" to - some function defn's that need them; they were prototyped - as static but not defined as static. - -Fri Jul 26 00:41:45 1996 Theodore Y. Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in (install): Add a blank install target to keep the - top-level "make install" happy. - -Tue Jul 23 16:08:43 1996 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * hash/dbm.c: Copy elements from the datum to an internal - DBT. Handles case of differences in size of size fields. - -Fri Jun 21 00:07:57 1996 Marc Horowitz <marc@mit.edu> - - * hash/dbm.c (delete, store): dbm_rdonly() doesn't exist on some - systems. In addition, the handle is really a DB handle, so it - would break if it did exist. Remove calls to it. - -Wed Apr 10 21:39:54 1996 Marc Horowitz <marc@mit.edu> - - * hash/hash_page.c (__addel): It is possible to damage a page if a - bigpair is added and there's not enough room. Check to make sure - there's enough room before adding anything. - - * hash/hash.c (hdestroy, cursor_delete): there were still a few - things in the hashp which weren't being freed, causing a small - memory leak. - -Sun Apr 7 01:40:54 1996 Marc Horowitz <marc@mit.edu> - - * clib/mk{,s}temp.c: renamed to accurately reflect the function - being provided (ultrix 4.2 has one, but not the other). - - * [way too many files to list here]: rename pgno_t to db_pgno_t, - since this symbol is defined in <sys/types> on at least one OS to - a non-compatible type (irix 5.2 defines it as long; db wants it to - be u_int32_t). - - * hash/dbm.c, include/db-ndbm.h: use and reference the compat - ndbm.h file - - * btree/bt_open.c, hash/hash.c, hash/hash_page.c, - include/db-int.h, include/db.h: build fixes - use configure to set - db internal cpp symbols for endianness stuff, move __P definition - from db-int.h to db.h. - - * configure.in, acconfig.h, Makefile.in, obj/configure.in, - obj/acconfig.in, obj/Makefile.in: rearrange the configure inputs - to deal properly with configure at the top level, and with a - multiarchitecture build using VPATH - -Sat Apr 6 16:43:26 1996 Marc Horowitz <marc@mit.edu> - - * obj/Makefile.in: random cleanup - - * btree/*.c db/db.c hash/*.c mpool/mpool.c recno/*.c - test/SEQ_TEST/t.c test/dbtest.c test/*/*.c: use "db-int.h" instead - of "db.h". - - * include/db.h, include/db-int.h: rototilled to be portable and - sensible, using configure whenever possible. - - * btree/*.c db/db.c hash/*.c mpool/mpool.c recno/*.c - test/SEQ_TEST/t.c test/dbtest.c test/*/*.c: use "db.h" instead of - <db.h>. - - * hash/hash.h, btree/btree.h, mpool/mpool.c: #include "mpool.h" - instead of <mpool.h>. - - * test/hash1.tests/thash4.c: remove unused and nonportable - <sys/timeb.h> - - * test/hash2.tests/bigtest.c: replace <malloc.h> with <stdlib.h> - - * clib/memmove.c: remove <sys/cdefs.h> - - * mpool/mpool.c, mpool/mpool.h, hash/hash.h, include/db-queue.h: - include "db-queue.h" instead of <sys/queue.h>, since it's not part - of any OS standard. - - * obj/*: first attempt at autoconfiscation - - * test/hash1.tests/driver2.c (main), test/hash1.tests/tseq.c - (main): replace berkeley memoryisms with ansi ones. - - * btree/bt_open.c (tmp): use sprintf instead of snprintf(). - conditionalize signal stuff on SIG_BLOCK instead of using special - magic in a header file. - diff --git a/src/util/db2/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index 37542aee45..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=. -myfulldir=util/db2 -mydir=. -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S).. -LOCAL_SUBDIRS=hash btree db mpool recno clib test - -LIBBASE=db -LIBMAJOR=1 -LIBMINOR=1 -STOBJLISTS=hash/OBJS.ST btree/OBJS.ST db/OBJS.ST mpool/OBJS.ST \ - recno/OBJS.ST clib/OBJS.ST -SUBDIROBJLISTS=$(STOBJLISTS) -RELDIR=../util/db2 - -HDRDIR=$(BUILDTOP)/include -HDRS = $(HDRDIR)/db.h $(HDRDIR)/db-config.h $(HDRDIR)/db-ndbm.h - -all-unix:: all-liblinks includes -all-prerecurse: include/config.h include/db-config.h -clean-unix:: clean-liblinks clean-libs clean-includes - -includes:: $(HDRS) - -$(HDRDIR)/db.h: $(srcdir)/include/db.h - $(CP) $(srcdir)/include/db.h $@ -$(HDRDIR)/db-config.h: include/db-config.h - $(CP) include/db-config.h $@ -$(HDRDIR)/db-ndbm.h: $(srcdir)/include/db-ndbm.h - $(CP) $(srcdir)/include/db-ndbm.h $@ - -include/config.h include/db-config.h: include/generated.stmp -include/generated.stmp: $(srcdir)/include/config.h.in $(srcdir)/include/db-config.h.in - cd $(thisconfigdir) && $(SHELL) config.status -$(srcdir)/include/config.h.in: @MAINT@ $(srcdir)/include/autoconf.stmp -$(srcdir)/include/autoconf.stmp: $(srcdir)/configure.in $(SRCTOP)/aclocal.m4 - cd $(srcdir) && $(AUTOHEADER) --include=$(CONFIG_RELTOPDIR) $(AUTOHEADERFLAGS) - touch $(srcdir)/include/autoconf.stmp - -clean-includes:: - $(RM) $(HDRS) include/*.stmp -# @lib_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index 77af9c5123..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.2 (Berkeley) 2/21/94 -# -CFLAGS+=-D__DBINTERFACE_PRIVATE - -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/btree/Makefile.inc" -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/db/Makefile.inc" -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/hash/Makefile.inc" -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/man/Makefile.inc" -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/mpool/Makefile.inc" -.include "${.CURDIR}/db/recno/Makefile.inc" diff --git a/src/util/db2/README b/src/util/db2/README deleted file mode 100644 index 70118bef5f..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ - IMPORTANT NOTICE: - -This directory contains code of somewhat unknown origin that is -INCOMPATIBLE with both Berkeley DB 1.85 and Sleepycat DB 2.x. Do NOT -contact Sleepycat regarding bugs in code found here; they do not -appreciate it. All bug reports about this code should go to the MIT -Kerberos team via krb5-send-pr or email to krb5-bugs@mit.edu, as -usual. - -It is believed that this "db" code originated from Berkeley DB 1.85 -and was further modified by Cygnus and the MIT Kerberos team. Some -significant changes to the hash code occured at some point. - -The file README.db2 contains the README file provided with the -2.0-alpha release of Berkeley/Sleepycat DB, which may contain -marginally useful information. It is not known at this time how well -this code matches that of the 2.0-alpha release. diff --git a/src/util/db2/README.NOT.SLEEPYCAT.DB b/src/util/db2/README.NOT.SLEEPYCAT.DB deleted file mode 100644 index 112454e945..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/README.NOT.SLEEPYCAT.DB +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -THIS IS NOT THE SLEEPYCAT DB. -Please see the README file for more information. diff --git a/src/util/db2/README.db2 b/src/util/db2/README.db2 deleted file mode 100644 index 5700b73932..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/README.db2 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)README 8.28 (Berkeley) 11/2/95 - -This is version 2.0-ALPHA of the Berkeley DB code. -THIS IS A PRELIMINARY RELEASE. - -For information on compiling and installing this software, see the file -PORT/README. - -Newer versions of this software will periodically be made available by -anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.berkeley.edu:ucb/4bsd/db.tar.{Z,gz} and from -ftp.harvard.edu:margo/db.tar.{Z,gz}. If you want to receive announcements -of future releases of this software, send email to the contact address -below. - -Email questions may be addressed to dbinfo@eecs.harvard.edu. - -============================================ -Distribution contents: - -README This file. -CHANGELOG List of changes, per version. -btree B+tree access method. -db The db_open interface routine. -docs Various USENIX papers, and the formatted manual pages. -hash Extended linear hashing access method. -lock Lock manager. -log Log manager. -man The unformatted manual pages. -mpool The buffer manager support. -mutex Mutex support. -recno The fixed/variable length record access method. -test Test package. -txn Transaction support. - -============================================ -Debugging: - -If you're running a memory checker (e.g. Purify) on DB, make sure that -you recompile it with "-DPURIFY" in the CFLAGS, first. By default, -allocated pages are not initialized by the DB code, and they will show -up as reads of uninitialized memory in the buffer write routines. diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index d3b02652a6..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/btree -mydir=btree -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS= bt_close.o bt_conv.o bt_debug.o bt_delete.o bt_get.o \ - bt_open.o bt_overflow.o bt_page.o bt_put.o bt_search.o \ - bt_seq.o bt_split.o bt_utils.o - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../mpool \ - -I$(srcdir)/../db - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index 8ed76494aa..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.2 (Berkeley) 7/14/94 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/btree - -SRCS+= bt_close.c bt_conv.c bt_debug.c bt_delete.c bt_get.c bt_open.c \ - bt_overflow.c bt_page.c bt_put.c bt_search.c bt_seq.c bt_split.c \ - bt_utils.c diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_close.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_close.c deleted file mode 100644 index 11be134113..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_close.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_close.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 8/17/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static int bt_meta __P((BTREE *)); - -/* - * BT_CLOSE -- Close a btree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__bt_close(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - BTREE *t; - int fd; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Sync the tree. */ - if (__bt_sync(dbp, 0) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Close the memory pool. */ - if (mpool_close(t->bt_mp) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Free random memory. */ - if (t->bt_cursor.key.data != NULL) { - free(t->bt_cursor.key.data); - t->bt_cursor.key.size = 0; - t->bt_cursor.key.data = NULL; - } - if (t->bt_rkey.data) { - free(t->bt_rkey.data); - t->bt_rkey.size = 0; - t->bt_rkey.data = NULL; - } - if (t->bt_rdata.data) { - free(t->bt_rdata.data); - t->bt_rdata.size = 0; - t->bt_rdata.data = NULL; - } - - fd = t->bt_fd; - free(t); - free(dbp); - return (close(fd) ? RET_ERROR : RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * BT_SYNC -- sync the btree to disk. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__bt_sync(dbp, flags) - const DB *dbp; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Sync doesn't currently take any flags. */ - if (flags != 0) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if (F_ISSET(t, B_INMEM | B_RDONLY) - || !F_ISSET(t, B_MODIFIED | B_METADIRTY)) - return (RET_SUCCESS); - - if (F_ISSET(t, B_METADIRTY) && bt_meta(t) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - if ((status = mpool_sync(t->bt_mp)) == RET_SUCCESS) - F_CLR(t, B_MODIFIED); - - return (status); -} - -/* - * BT_META -- write the tree meta data to disk. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -static int -bt_meta(t) - BTREE *t; -{ - BTMETA m; - void *p; - - if ((p = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, P_META, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Fill in metadata. */ - m.magic = BTREEMAGIC; - m.version = BTREEVERSION; - m.psize = t->bt_psize; - m.free = t->bt_free; - m.nrecs = t->bt_nrecs; - m.flags = F_ISSET(t, SAVEMETA); - - memmove(p, &m, sizeof(BTMETA)); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, p, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_conv.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_conv.c deleted file mode 100644 index 6cfa216ca8..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_conv.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,221 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_conv.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 8/17/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static void mswap __P((PAGE *)); - -/* - * __BT_BPGIN, __BT_BPGOUT -- - * Convert host-specific number layout to/from the host-independent - * format stored on disk. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * pg: page number - * h: page to convert - */ -void -__bt_pgin(t, pg, pp) - void *t; - db_pgno_t pg; - void *pp; -{ - PAGE *h; - indx_t i, top; - u_char flags; - char *p; - - if (!F_ISSET(((BTREE *)t), B_NEEDSWAP)) - return; - if (pg == P_META) { - mswap(pp); - return; - } - - h = pp; - M_32_SWAP(h->pgno); - M_32_SWAP(h->prevpg); - M_32_SWAP(h->nextpg); - M_32_SWAP(h->flags); - M_16_SWAP(h->lower); - M_16_SWAP(h->upper); - - top = NEXTINDEX(h); - if ((h->flags & P_TYPE) == P_BINTERNAL) - for (i = 0; i < top; i++) { - M_16_SWAP(h->linp[i]); - p = (char *)GETBINTERNAL(h, i); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - if (*(u_char *)p & P_BIGKEY) { - p += sizeof(u_char); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - } - else if ((h->flags & P_TYPE) == P_BLEAF) - for (i = 0; i < top; i++) { - M_16_SWAP(h->linp[i]); - p = (char *)GETBLEAF(h, i); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - flags = *(u_char *)p; - if (flags & (P_BIGKEY | P_BIGDATA)) { - p += sizeof(u_char); - if (flags & P_BIGKEY) { - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - if (flags & P_BIGDATA) { - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - } - } -} - -void -__bt_pgout(t, pg, pp) - void *t; - db_pgno_t pg; - void *pp; -{ - PAGE *h; - indx_t i, top; - u_char flags; - char *p; - - if (!F_ISSET(((BTREE *)t), B_NEEDSWAP)) - return; - if (pg == P_META) { - mswap(pp); - return; - } - - h = pp; - top = NEXTINDEX(h); - if ((h->flags & P_TYPE) == P_BINTERNAL) - for (i = 0; i < top; i++) { - p = (char *)GETBINTERNAL(h, i); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - if (*(u_char *)p & P_BIGKEY) { - p += sizeof(u_char); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - M_16_SWAP(h->linp[i]); - } - else if ((h->flags & P_TYPE) == P_BLEAF) - for (i = 0; i < top; i++) { - p = (char *)GETBLEAF(h, i); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - flags = *(u_char *)p; - if (flags & (P_BIGKEY | P_BIGDATA)) { - p += sizeof(u_char); - if (flags & P_BIGKEY) { - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - if (flags & P_BIGDATA) { - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); - } - } - M_16_SWAP(h->linp[i]); - } - - M_32_SWAP(h->pgno); - M_32_SWAP(h->prevpg); - M_32_SWAP(h->nextpg); - M_32_SWAP(h->flags); - M_16_SWAP(h->lower); - M_16_SWAP(h->upper); -} - -/* - * MSWAP -- Actually swap the bytes on the meta page. - * - * Parameters: - * p: page to convert - */ -static void -mswap(pg) - PAGE *pg; -{ - char *p; - - p = (char *)pg; - P_32_SWAP(p); /* magic */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); /* version */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); /* psize */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); /* free */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); /* nrecs */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); - P_32_SWAP(p); /* flags */ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_debug.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_debug.c deleted file mode 100644 index d36256b3af..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_debug.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,377 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_debug.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 1/9/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -#if defined(DEBUG) || defined(STATISTICS) - -static FILE *tracefp; - -/* - * __bt_dinit -- - * initialize debugging. - */ -static void -__bt_dinit() -{ - static int first = 1; - char buf[1024]; - - if (!first) - return; - first = 0; - -#ifndef TRACE_TO_STDERR - if ((tracefp = fopen("/tmp/__bt_debug", "w")) != NULL) - return; -#endif - tracefp = stderr; -} -#endif - -#ifdef DEBUG -/* - * __bt_dump -- - * dump the tree - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to the DB - */ -int -__bt_dump(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t i; - char *sep; - - __bt_dinit(); - - t = dbp->internal; - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%s: pgsz %d", - F_ISSET(t, B_INMEM) ? "memory" : "disk", t->bt_psize); - if (F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO)) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, " keys %lu", t->bt_nrecs); -#undef X -#define X(flag, name) \ - if (F_ISSET(t, flag)) { \ - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%s%s", sep, name); \ - sep = ", "; \ - } - if (t->flags != 0) { - sep = " flags ("; - X(R_FIXLEN, "FIXLEN"); - X(B_INMEM, "INMEM"); - X(B_NODUPS, "NODUPS"); - X(B_RDONLY, "RDONLY"); - X(R_RECNO, "RECNO"); - X(B_METADIRTY,"METADIRTY"); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, ")\n"); - } -#undef X - for (i = P_ROOT; i < t->bt_mp->npages && - (h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, i, MPOOL_IGNOREPIN)) != NULL; ++i) - __bt_dpage(dbp, h); - (void)fflush(tracefp); - return (0); -} - -/* - * BT_DMPAGE -- Dump the meta page - * - * Parameters: - * h: pointer to the PAGE - */ -int -__bt_dmpage(h) - PAGE *h; -{ - BTMETA *m; - char *sep; - - __bt_dinit(); - - m = (BTMETA *)h; - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "magic %lx\n", m->magic); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "version %lu\n", m->version); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "psize %lu\n", m->psize); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "free %lu\n", m->free); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "nrecs %lu\n", m->nrecs); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "flags %lu", m->flags); -#undef X -#define X(flag, name) \ - if (m->flags & flag) { \ - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%s%s", sep, name); \ - sep = ", "; \ - } - if (m->flags) { - sep = " ("; - X(B_NODUPS, "NODUPS"); - X(R_RECNO, "RECNO"); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, ")"); - } - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "\n"); - (void)fflush(tracefp); - return (0); -} - -/* - * BT_DNPAGE -- Dump the page - * - * Parameters: - * n: page number to dump. - */ -int -__bt_dnpage(dbp, pgno) - DB *dbp; - db_pgno_t pgno; -{ - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - - __bt_dinit(); - - t = dbp->internal; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pgno, MPOOL_IGNOREPIN)) != NULL) - __bt_dpage(dbp, h); - (void)fflush(tracefp); - return (0); -} - -/* - * BT_DPAGE -- Dump the page - * - * Parameters: - * h: pointer to the PAGE - */ -int -__bt_dpage(dbp, h) - DB *dbp; - PAGE *h; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - BLEAF *bl; - RINTERNAL *ri; - RLEAF *rl; - u_long pgsize; - indx_t cur, top, lim; - char *sep; - - __bt_dinit(); - - (void)fprintf(tracefp, " page %d: (", h->pgno); -#undef X -#define X(flag, name) \ - if (h->flags & flag) { \ - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%s%s", sep, name); \ - sep = ", "; \ - } - sep = ""; - X(P_BINTERNAL, "BINTERNAL") /* types */ - X(P_BLEAF, "BLEAF") - X(P_RINTERNAL, "RINTERNAL") /* types */ - X(P_RLEAF, "RLEAF") - X(P_OVERFLOW, "OVERFLOW") - X(P_PRESERVE, "PRESERVE"); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, ")\n"); -#undef X - - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "\tprev %2d next %2d", h->prevpg, h->nextpg); - if (h->flags & P_OVERFLOW) - return; - - pgsize = ((BTREE *)dbp->internal)->bt_mp->pagesize; - lim = (pgsize - BTDATAOFF) / sizeof(indx_t); - top = NEXTINDEX(h); - lim = top > lim ? lim : top; - (void)fprintf(tracefp, " lower %3d upper %3d nextind %d\n", - h->lower, h->upper, top); - for (cur = 0; cur < lim; cur++) { - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "\t[%03d] %4d ", cur, h->linp[cur]); - switch (h->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, cur); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "size %03d pgno %03d", bi->ksize, bi->pgno); - if (bi->flags & P_BIGKEY) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, " (indirect)"); - else if (bi->ksize) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - " {%.*s}", (int)bi->ksize, bi->bytes); - break; - case P_RINTERNAL: - ri = GETRINTERNAL(h, cur); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "entries %03d pgno %03d", - ri->nrecs, ri->pgno); - break; - case P_BLEAF: - bl = GETBLEAF(h, cur); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "big key page %lu size %u/", - *(db_pgno_t *)bl->bytes, - *(u_int32_t *)(bl->bytes + sizeof(db_pgno_t))); - else if (bl->ksize) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%s/", bl->bytes); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGDATA) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "big data page %lu size %u", - *(db_pgno_t *)(bl->bytes + bl->ksize), - *(u_int32_t *)(bl->bytes + bl->ksize + - sizeof(db_pgno_t))); - else if (bl->dsize) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%.*s", - (int)bl->dsize, bl->bytes + bl->ksize); - break; - case P_RLEAF: - rl = GETRLEAF(h, cur); - if (rl->flags & P_BIGDATA) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "big data page %lu size %u", - *(db_pgno_t *)rl->bytes, - *(u_int32_t *)(rl->bytes + sizeof(db_pgno_t))); - else if (rl->dsize) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "%.*s", (int)rl->dsize, rl->bytes); - break; - } - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "\n"); - } - (void)fflush(tracefp); - return (0); -} -#endif - -#ifdef STATISTICS -/* - * bt_stat -- - * Gather/print the tree statistics - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to the DB - */ -int -__bt_stat(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - extern u_long bt_cache_hit, bt_cache_miss, bt_pfxsaved, bt_rootsplit; - extern u_long bt_sortsplit, bt_split; - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t i, pcont, pinternal, pleaf; - u_long ifree, lfree, nkeys; - int levels; - - __bt_dinit(); - - t = dbp->internal; - pcont = pinternal = pleaf = 0; - nkeys = ifree = lfree = 0; - for (i = P_ROOT; i < t->bt_mp->npages && - (h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, i, MPOOL_IGNOREPIN)) != NULL; ++i) - switch (h->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - case P_RINTERNAL: - ++pinternal; - ifree += h->upper - h->lower; - break; - case P_BLEAF: - case P_RLEAF: - ++pleaf; - lfree += h->upper - h->lower; - nkeys += NEXTINDEX(h); - break; - case P_OVERFLOW: - ++pcont; - break; - } - - /* Count the levels of the tree. */ - for (i = P_ROOT, levels = 0 ;; ++levels) { - h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, i, MPOOL_IGNOREPIN); - if (h->flags & (P_BLEAF|P_RLEAF)) { - if (levels == 0) - levels = 1; - break; - } - i = F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO) ? - GETRINTERNAL(h, 0)->pgno : - GETBINTERNAL(h, 0)->pgno; - } - - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%d level%s with %ld keys", - levels, levels == 1 ? "" : "s", nkeys); - if (F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO)) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, " (%ld header count)", t->bt_nrecs); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "\n%lu pages (leaf %ld, internal %ld, overflow %ld)\n", - pinternal + pleaf + pcont, pleaf, pinternal, pcont); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "%ld cache hits, %ld cache misses\n", - bt_cache_hit, bt_cache_miss); - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "%ld splits (%ld root splits, %ld sort splits)\n", - bt_split, bt_rootsplit, bt_sortsplit); - pleaf *= t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF; - if (pleaf) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "%.0f%% leaf fill (%ld bytes used, %ld bytes free)\n", - ((double)(pleaf - lfree) / pleaf) * 100, - pleaf - lfree, lfree); - pinternal *= t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF; - if (pinternal) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, - "%.0f%% internal fill (%ld bytes used, %ld bytes free\n", - ((double)(pinternal - ifree) / pinternal) * 100, - pinternal - ifree, ifree); - if (bt_pfxsaved) - (void)fprintf(tracefp, "prefix checking removed %lu bytes.\n", - bt_pfxsaved); - (void)fflush(tracefp); - return (0); -} -#endif diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_delete.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_delete.c deleted file mode 100644 index d002a66edd..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_delete.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,657 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_delete.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 7/28/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static int __bt_bdelete __P((BTREE *, const DBT *)); -static int __bt_curdel __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, PAGE *, u_int)); -static int __bt_pdelete __P((BTREE *, PAGE *)); -static int __bt_relink __P((BTREE *, PAGE *)); -static int __bt_stkacq __P((BTREE *, PAGE **, CURSOR *)); - -/* - * __bt_delete - * Delete the item(s) referenced by a key. - * - * Return RET_SPECIAL if the key is not found. - */ -int -__bt_delete(dbp, key, flags) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - CURSOR *c; - PAGE *h; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Check for change to a read-only tree. */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_RDONLY)) { - errno = EPERM; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - switch (flags) { - case 0: - status = __bt_bdelete(t, key); - break; - case R_CURSOR: - /* - * If flags is R_CURSOR, delete the cursor. Must already - * have started a scan and not have already deleted it. - */ - c = &t->bt_cursor; - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_INIT)) { - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_ACQUIRE | CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE)) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* - * If the page is about to be emptied, we'll need to - * delete it, which means we have to acquire a stack. - */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 1) - if (__bt_stkacq(t, &h, &t->bt_cursor)) - return (RET_ERROR); - - status = __bt_dleaf(t, NULL, h, c->pg.index); - - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0 && status == RET_SUCCESS) { - if (__bt_pdelete(t, h)) - return (RET_ERROR); - } else - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, - h, status == RET_SUCCESS ? MPOOL_DIRTY : 0); - break; - } - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - default: - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) - F_SET(t, B_MODIFIED); - return (status); -} - -/* - * __bt_stkacq -- - * Acquire a stack so we can delete a cursor entry. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * hp: pointer to current, pinned PAGE pointer - * c: pointer to the cursor - * - * Returns: - * 0 on success, 1 on failure - */ -static int -__bt_stkacq(t, hp, c) - BTREE *t; - PAGE **hp; - CURSOR *c; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - EPG *e; - EPGNO *parent; - PAGE *h; - indx_t idx; - db_pgno_t pgno; - recno_t nextpg, prevpg; - int exact, level; - - /* - * Find the first occurrence of the key in the tree. Toss the - * currently locked page so we don't hit an already-locked page. - */ - h = *hp; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if ((e = __bt_search(t, &c->key, &exact)) == NULL) - return (1); - h = e->page; - - /* See if we got it in one shot. */ - if (h->pgno == c->pg.pgno) - goto ret; - - /* - * Move right, looking for the page. At each move we have to move - * up the stack until we don't have to move to the next page. If - * we have to change pages at an internal level, we have to fix the - * stack back up. - */ - while (h->pgno != c->pg.pgno) { - if ((nextpg = h->nextpg) == P_INVALID) - break; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Move up the stack. */ - for (level = 0; (parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL; ++level) { - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - - /* Move to the next index. */ - if (parent->index != NEXTINDEX(h) - 1) { - idx = parent->index + 1; - BT_PUSH(t, h->pgno, idx); - break; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - - /* Restore the stack. */ - while (level--) { - /* Push the next level down onto the stack. */ - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx); - pgno = bi->pgno; - BT_PUSH(t, pgno, 0); - - /* Lose the currently pinned page. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Get the next level down. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - idx = 0; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, nextpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - } - - if (h->pgno == c->pg.pgno) - goto ret; - - /* Reacquire the original stack. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if ((e = __bt_search(t, &c->key, &exact)) == NULL) - return (1); - h = e->page; - - /* - * Move left, looking for the page. At each move we have to move - * up the stack until we don't have to change pages to move to the - * next page. If we have to change pages at an internal level, we - * have to fix the stack back up. - */ - while (h->pgno != c->pg.pgno) { - if ((prevpg = h->prevpg) == P_INVALID) - break; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Move up the stack. */ - for (level = 0; (parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL; ++level) { - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - - /* Move to the next index. */ - if (parent->index != 0) { - idx = parent->index - 1; - BT_PUSH(t, h->pgno, idx); - break; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - - /* Restore the stack. */ - while (level--) { - /* Push the next level down onto the stack. */ - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx); - pgno = bi->pgno; - - /* Lose the currently pinned page. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Get the next level down. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - - idx = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - BT_PUSH(t, pgno, idx); - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, prevpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - } - - -ret: mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return ((*hp = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL); -} - -/* - * __bt_bdelete -- - * Delete all key/data pairs matching the specified key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * key: key to delete - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key not found. - */ -static int -__bt_bdelete(t, key) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key; -{ - EPG *e; - PAGE *h; - int deleted, exact, redo; - - deleted = 0; - - /* Find any matching record; __bt_search pins the page. */ -loop: if ((e = __bt_search(t, key, &exact)) == NULL) - return (deleted ? RET_SUCCESS : RET_ERROR); - if (!exact) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e->page, 0); - return (deleted ? RET_SUCCESS : RET_SPECIAL); - } - - /* - * Delete forward, then delete backward, from the found key. If - * there are duplicates and we reach either side of the page, do - * the key search again, so that we get them all. - */ - redo = 0; - h = e->page; - do { - if (__bt_dleaf(t, key, h, e->index)) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - if (F_ISSET(t, B_NODUPS)) { - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - if (__bt_pdelete(t, h)) - return (RET_ERROR); - } else - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - deleted = 1; - } while (e->index < NEXTINDEX(h) && __bt_cmp(t, key, e) == 0); - - /* Check for right-hand edge of the page. */ - if (e->index == NEXTINDEX(h)) - redo = 1; - - /* Delete from the key to the beginning of the page. */ - while (e->index-- > 0) { - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, e) != 0) - break; - if (__bt_dleaf(t, key, h, e->index) == RET_ERROR) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - if (e->index == 0) - redo = 1; - } - - /* Check for an empty page. */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - if (__bt_pdelete(t, h)) - return (RET_ERROR); - goto loop; - } - - /* Put the page. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - - if (redo) - goto loop; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __bt_pdelete -- - * Delete a single page from the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: leaf page - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - * - * Side-effects: - * mpool_put's the page - */ -static int -__bt_pdelete(t, h) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - PAGE *pg; - EPGNO *parent; - indx_t cnt, idx, *ip, offset; - u_int32_t nksize; - char *from; - - /* - * Walk the parent page stack -- a LIFO stack of the pages that were - * traversed when we searched for the page where the delete occurred. - * Each stack entry is a page number and a page index offset. The - * offset is for the page traversed on the search. We've just deleted - * a page, so we have to delete the key from the parent page. - * - * If the delete from the parent page makes it empty, this process may - * continue all the way up the tree. We stop if we reach the root page - * (which is never deleted, it's just not worth the effort) or if the - * delete does not empty the page. - */ - while ((parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL) { - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((pg = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - idx = parent->index; - bi = GETBINTERNAL(pg, idx); - - /* Free any overflow pages. */ - if (bi->flags & P_BIGKEY && - __ovfl_delete(t, bi->bytes) == RET_ERROR) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - /* - * Free the parent if it has only the one key and it's not the - * root page. If it's the rootpage, turn it back into an empty - * leaf page. - */ - if (NEXTINDEX(pg) == 1) - if (pg->pgno == P_ROOT) { - pg->lower = BTDATAOFF; - pg->upper = t->bt_psize; - pg->flags = P_BLEAF; - } else { - if (__bt_relink(t, pg) || __bt_free(t, pg)) - return (RET_ERROR); - continue; - } - else { - /* Pack remaining key items at the end of the page. */ - nksize = NBINTERNAL(bi->ksize); - from = (char *)pg + pg->upper; - memmove(from + nksize, from, (char *)bi - from); - pg->upper += nksize; - - /* Adjust indices' offsets, shift the indices down. */ - offset = pg->linp[idx]; - for (cnt = idx, ip = &pg->linp[0]; cnt--; ++ip) - if (ip[0] < offset) - ip[0] += nksize; - for (cnt = NEXTINDEX(pg) - idx; --cnt; ++ip) - ip[0] = ip[1] < offset ? ip[1] + nksize : ip[1]; - pg->lower -= sizeof(indx_t); - } - - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, MPOOL_DIRTY); - break; - } - - /* Free the leaf page, as long as it wasn't the root. */ - if (h->pgno == P_ROOT) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - return (__bt_relink(t, h) || __bt_free(t, h)); -} - -/* - * __bt_dleaf -- - * Delete a single record from a leaf page. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * key: referenced key - * h: page - * idx: index on page to delete - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__bt_dleaf(t, key, h, idx) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key; - PAGE *h; - u_int idx; -{ - BLEAF *bl; - indx_t cnt, *ip, offset; - u_int32_t nbytes; - void *to; - char *from; - - /* If this record is referenced by the cursor, delete the cursor. */ - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT) && - !F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_ACQUIRE) && - t->bt_cursor.pg.pgno == h->pgno && t->bt_cursor.pg.index == idx && - __bt_curdel(t, key, h, idx)) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* If the entry uses overflow pages, make them available for reuse. */ - to = bl = GETBLEAF(h, idx); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY && __ovfl_delete(t, bl->bytes) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGDATA && - __ovfl_delete(t, bl->bytes + bl->ksize) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Pack the remaining key/data items at the end of the page. */ - nbytes = NBLEAF(bl); - from = (char *)h + h->upper; - memmove(from + nbytes, from, (char *)to - from); - h->upper += nbytes; - - /* Adjust the indices' offsets, shift the indices down. */ - offset = h->linp[idx]; - for (cnt = idx, ip = &h->linp[0]; cnt--; ++ip) - if (ip[0] < offset) - ip[0] += nbytes; - for (cnt = NEXTINDEX(h) - idx; --cnt; ++ip) - ip[0] = ip[1] < offset ? ip[1] + nbytes : ip[1]; - h->lower -= sizeof(indx_t); - - /* If the cursor is on this page, adjust it as necessary. */ - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT) && - !F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_ACQUIRE) && - t->bt_cursor.pg.pgno == h->pgno && t->bt_cursor.pg.index > idx) - --t->bt_cursor.pg.index; - - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __bt_curdel -- - * Delete the cursor. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * key: referenced key (or NULL) - * h: page - * idx: idx on page to delete - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -static int -__bt_curdel(t, key, h, idx) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key; - PAGE *h; - u_int idx; -{ - CURSOR *c; - EPG e; - PAGE *pg; - int curcopy, status; - - /* - * If there are duplicates, move forward or backward to one. - * Otherwise, copy the key into the cursor area. - */ - c = &t->bt_cursor; - F_CLR(c, CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE | CURS_ACQUIRE); - - curcopy = 0; - if (!F_ISSET(t, B_NODUPS)) { - /* - * We're going to have to do comparisons. If we weren't - * provided a copy of the key, i.e. the user is deleting - * the current cursor position, get one. - */ - if (key == NULL) { - e.page = h; - e.index = idx; - if ((status = __bt_ret(t, &e, - &c->key, &c->key, NULL, NULL, 1)) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (status); - curcopy = 1; - key = &c->key; - } - /* Check previous key, if not at the beginning of the page. */ - if (idx > 0) { - e.page = h; - e.index = idx - 1; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) == 0) { - F_SET(c, CURS_BEFORE); - goto dup2; - } - } - /* Check next key, if not at the end of the page. */ - if (idx < NEXTINDEX(h) - 1) { - e.page = h; - e.index = idx + 1; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) == 0) { - F_SET(c, CURS_AFTER); - goto dup2; - } - } - /* Check previous key if at the beginning of the page. */ - if (idx == 0 && h->prevpg != P_INVALID) { - if ((pg = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->prevpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - e.page = pg; - e.index = NEXTINDEX(pg) - 1; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) == 0) { - F_SET(c, CURS_BEFORE); - goto dup1; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, 0); - } - /* Check next key if at the end of the page. */ - if (idx == NEXTINDEX(h) - 1 && h->nextpg != P_INVALID) { - if ((pg = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->nextpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - e.page = pg; - e.index = 0; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) == 0) { - F_SET(c, CURS_AFTER); -dup1: mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, 0); -dup2: c->pg.pgno = e.page->pgno; - c->pg.index = e.index; - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, 0); - } - } - e.page = h; - e.index = idx; - if (curcopy || (status = - __bt_ret(t, &e, &c->key, &c->key, NULL, NULL, 1)) == RET_SUCCESS) { - F_SET(c, CURS_ACQUIRE); - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - return (status); -} - -/* - * __bt_relink -- - * Link around a deleted page. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: page to be deleted - */ -static int -__bt_relink(t, h) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; -{ - PAGE *pg; - - if (h->nextpg != P_INVALID) { - if ((pg = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->nextpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - pg->prevpg = h->prevpg; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } - if (h->prevpg != P_INVALID) { - if ((pg = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->prevpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - pg->nextpg = h->nextpg; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, pg, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } - return (0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_get.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_get.c deleted file mode 100644 index b6318211a1..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_get.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,105 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_get.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 7/20/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stddef.h> -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -/* - * __BT_GET -- Get a record from the btree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key to find - * data: data to return - * flag: currently unused - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key not found. - */ -int -__bt_get(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - DBT *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - EPG *e; - int exact, status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Get currently doesn't take any flags. */ - if (flags) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if ((e = __bt_search(t, key, &exact)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (!exact) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e->page, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - status = __bt_ret(t, e, NULL, NULL, data, &t->bt_rdata, 0); - - /* - * If the user is doing concurrent access, we copied the - * key/data, toss the page. - */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e->page, 0); - else - t->bt_pinned = e->page; - return (status); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_open.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_open.c deleted file mode 100644 index 3e4c67a4bc..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_open.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,476 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_open.c 8.11 (Berkeley) 11/2/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -/* - * Implementation of btree access method for 4.4BSD. - * - * The design here was originally based on that of the btree access method - * used in the Postgres database system at UC Berkeley. This implementation - * is wholly independent of the Postgres code. - */ - -#include <sys/param.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <limits.h> -#include <signal.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -#ifdef DEBUG -#undef MINPSIZE -#define MINPSIZE 128 -#endif - -static int byteorder __P((void)); -static int nroot __P((BTREE *)); -static int tmp __P((void)); - -/* - * __BT_OPEN -- Open a btree. - * - * Creates and fills a DB struct, and calls the routine that actually - * opens the btree. - * - * Parameters: - * fname: filename (NULL for in-memory trees) - * flags: open flag bits - * mode: open permission bits - * b: BTREEINFO pointer - * - * Returns: - * NULL on failure, pointer to DB on success. - * - */ -DB * -__bt_open(fname, flags, mode, openinfo, dflags) - const char *fname; - int flags, mode, dflags; - const BTREEINFO *openinfo; -{ - struct stat sb; - BTMETA m; - BTREE *t; - BTREEINFO b; - DB *dbp; - db_pgno_t ncache; - ssize_t nr; - int machine_lorder; - - t = NULL; - - /* - * Intention is to make sure all of the user's selections are okay - * here and then use them without checking. Can't be complete, since - * we don't know the right page size, lorder or flags until the backing - * file is opened. Also, the file's page size can cause the cachesize - * to change. - */ - machine_lorder = byteorder(); - if (openinfo) { - b = *openinfo; - - /* Flags: R_DUP. */ - if (b.flags & ~(R_DUP)) - goto einval; - - /* - * Page size must be indx_t aligned and >= MINPSIZE. Default - * page size is set farther on, based on the underlying file - * transfer size. - */ - if (b.psize && - (b.psize < MINPSIZE || b.psize > MAX_PAGE_OFFSET + 1 || - b.psize & (sizeof(indx_t) - 1))) - goto einval; - - /* Minimum number of keys per page; absolute minimum is 2. */ - if (b.minkeypage) { - if (b.minkeypage < 2) - goto einval; - } else - b.minkeypage = DEFMINKEYPAGE; - - /* If no comparison, use default comparison and prefix. */ - if (b.compare == NULL) { - b.compare = __bt_defcmp; - if (b.prefix == NULL) - b.prefix = __bt_defpfx; - } - - if (b.lorder == 0) - b.lorder = machine_lorder; - } else { - b.compare = __bt_defcmp; - b.cachesize = 0; - b.flags = 0; - b.lorder = machine_lorder; - b.minkeypage = DEFMINKEYPAGE; - b.prefix = __bt_defpfx; - b.psize = 0; - } - - /* Check for the ubiquitous PDP-11. */ - if (b.lorder != DB_BIG_ENDIAN && b.lorder != DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN) - goto einval; - - /* Allocate and initialize DB and BTREE structures. */ - if ((t = (BTREE *)malloc(sizeof(BTREE))) == NULL) - goto err; - memset(t, 0, sizeof(BTREE)); - t->bt_fd = -1; /* Don't close unopened fd on error. */ - t->bt_lorder = b.lorder; - t->bt_order = NOT; - t->bt_cmp = b.compare; - t->bt_pfx = b.prefix; - t->bt_rfd = -1; - - if ((t->bt_dbp = dbp = (DB *)malloc(sizeof(DB))) == NULL) - goto err; - memset(t->bt_dbp, 0, sizeof(DB)); - if (t->bt_lorder != machine_lorder) - F_SET(t, B_NEEDSWAP); - - dbp->type = DB_BTREE; - dbp->internal = t; - dbp->close = __bt_close; - dbp->del = __bt_delete; - dbp->fd = __bt_fd; - dbp->get = __bt_get; - dbp->put = __bt_put; - dbp->seq = __bt_seq; - dbp->sync = __bt_sync; - - /* - * If no file name was supplied, this is an in-memory btree and we - * open a backing temporary file. Otherwise, it's a disk-based tree. - */ - if (fname) { - switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) { - case O_RDONLY: - F_SET(t, B_RDONLY); - break; - case O_RDWR: - break; - case O_WRONLY: - default: - goto einval; - } - - if ((t->bt_fd = open(fname, flags | O_BINARY, mode)) < 0) - goto err; - - } else { - if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDWR) - goto einval; - if ((t->bt_fd = tmp()) == -1) - goto err; - F_SET(t, B_INMEM); - } - - if (fcntl(t->bt_fd, F_SETFD, 1) == -1) - goto err; - - if (fstat(t->bt_fd, &sb)) - goto err; - if (sb.st_size) { - if ((nr = read(t->bt_fd, &m, sizeof(BTMETA))) < 0) - goto err; - if (nr != sizeof(BTMETA)) - goto eftype; - - /* - * Read in the meta-data. This can change the notion of what - * the lorder, page size and flags are, and, when the page size - * changes, the cachesize value can change too. If the user - * specified the wrong byte order for an existing database, we - * don't bother to return an error, we just clear the NEEDSWAP - * bit. - */ - if (m.magic == BTREEMAGIC) - F_CLR(t, B_NEEDSWAP); - else { - F_SET(t, B_NEEDSWAP); - M_32_SWAP(m.magic); - M_32_SWAP(m.version); - M_32_SWAP(m.psize); - M_32_SWAP(m.free); - M_32_SWAP(m.nrecs); - M_32_SWAP(m.flags); - } - if (m.magic != BTREEMAGIC || m.version != BTREEVERSION) - goto eftype; - if (m.psize < MINPSIZE || m.psize > MAX_PAGE_OFFSET + 1 || - m.psize & (sizeof(indx_t) - 1)) - goto eftype; - if (m.flags & ~SAVEMETA) - goto eftype; - b.psize = m.psize; - F_SET(t, m.flags); - t->bt_free = m.free; - t->bt_nrecs = m.nrecs; - } else { - /* - * Set the page size to the best value for I/O to this file. - * Don't overflow the page offset type. - */ - if (b.psize == 0) { - b.psize = sb.st_blksize; - if (b.psize < MINPSIZE) - b.psize = MINPSIZE; - if (b.psize > MAX_PAGE_OFFSET + 1) - b.psize = MAX_PAGE_OFFSET + 1; - } - - /* Set flag if duplicates permitted. */ - if (!(b.flags & R_DUP)) - F_SET(t, B_NODUPS); - - t->bt_free = P_INVALID; - t->bt_nrecs = 0; - F_SET(t, B_METADIRTY); - } - - t->bt_psize = b.psize; - - /* Set the cache size; must be a multiple of the page size. */ - if (b.cachesize && b.cachesize & (b.psize - 1)) - b.cachesize += (~b.cachesize & (b.psize - 1)) + 1; - if (b.cachesize < b.psize * MINCACHE) - b.cachesize = b.psize * MINCACHE; - - /* Calculate number of pages to cache. */ - ncache = (b.cachesize + t->bt_psize - 1) / t->bt_psize; - - /* - * The btree data structure requires that at least two keys can fit on - * a page, but other than that there's no fixed requirement. The user - * specified a minimum number per page, and we translated that into the - * number of bytes a key/data pair can use before being placed on an - * overflow page. This calculation includes the page header, the size - * of the index referencing the leaf item and the size of the leaf item - * structure. Also, don't let the user specify a minkeypage such that - * a key/data pair won't fit even if both key and data are on overflow - * pages. - */ - t->bt_ovflsize = (t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF) / b.minkeypage - - (sizeof(indx_t) + NBLEAFDBT(0, 0)); - if (t->bt_ovflsize < NBLEAFDBT(NOVFLSIZE, NOVFLSIZE) + sizeof(indx_t)) - t->bt_ovflsize = - NBLEAFDBT(NOVFLSIZE, NOVFLSIZE) + sizeof(indx_t); - - /* Initialize the buffer pool. */ - if ((t->bt_mp = - mpool_open(NULL, t->bt_fd, t->bt_psize, ncache)) == NULL) - goto err; - if (!F_ISSET(t, B_INMEM)) - mpool_filter(t->bt_mp, __bt_pgin, __bt_pgout, t); - - /* Create a root page if new tree. */ - if (nroot(t) == RET_ERROR) - goto err; - - /* Global flags. */ - if (dflags & DB_LOCK) - F_SET(t, B_DB_LOCK); - if (dflags & DB_SHMEM) - F_SET(t, B_DB_SHMEM); - if (dflags & DB_TXN) - F_SET(t, B_DB_TXN); - - return (dbp); - -einval: errno = EINVAL; - goto err; - -eftype: errno = EFTYPE; - goto err; - -err: if (t) { - if (t->bt_dbp) - free(t->bt_dbp); - if (t->bt_fd != -1) - (void)close(t->bt_fd); - free(t); - } - return (NULL); -} - -/* - * NROOT -- Create the root of a new tree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -static int -nroot(t) - BTREE *t; -{ - PAGE *meta, *root; - db_pgno_t npg; - - if ((root = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, 1, 0)) != NULL) { - if (root->lower == 0 && - root->pgno == 0 && - root->linp[0] == 0) { - mpool_delete(t->bt_mp, root); - errno = EINVAL; - } else { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, root, 0); - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - } - if (errno != EINVAL) /* It's OK to not exist. */ - return (RET_ERROR); - errno = 0; - - if ((meta = mpool_new(t->bt_mp, &npg, MPOOL_PAGE_NEXT)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - if ((root = mpool_new(t->bt_mp, &npg, MPOOL_PAGE_NEXT)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - if (npg != P_ROOT) - return (RET_ERROR); - root->pgno = npg; - root->prevpg = root->nextpg = P_INVALID; - root->lower = BTDATAOFF; - root->upper = t->bt_psize; - root->flags = P_BLEAF; - memset(meta, 0, t->bt_psize); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, meta, MPOOL_DIRTY); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, root, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -static int -tmp() -{ -#ifdef SIG_BLOCK - sigset_t set, oset; -#else - int oset; -#endif - int fd; - char *envtmp; - char path[MAXPATHLEN]; - static char fn[] = "/bt.XXXXXX"; - - envtmp = getenv("TMPDIR"); - - /* this used to be done with snprintf(), but since snprintf - isn't in most operating systems, and overflow checking in - this case is easy, this is what is done */ - - if (envtmp && ((strlen(envtmp)+sizeof(fn)+1) > sizeof(path))) - return(-1); - - (void)sprintf(path, "%s%s", (envtmp ? envtmp : "/tmp"), fn); - -#ifdef SIG_BLOCK - (void)sigfillset(&set); - (void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset); -#else - oset = sigblock(~0); -#endif - if ((fd = mkstemp(path)) != -1) - (void)unlink(path); -#ifdef SIG_BLOCK - (void)sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, NULL); -#else - sigsetmask(oset); -#endif -#ifdef __CYGWIN32__ - /* Ensure the fd is in binary mode. */ - setmode(fd, O_BINARY); -#endif /* __CYGWIN32__ */ - - return(fd); -} - -static int -byteorder() -{ - u_int32_t x; - u_char *p; - - x = 0x01020304; - p = (u_char *)&x; - switch (*p) { - case 1: - return (DB_BIG_ENDIAN); - case 4: - return (DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN); - default: - return (0); - } -} - -int -__bt_fd(dbp) - const DB *dbp; -{ - BTREE *t; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* In-memory database can't have a file descriptor. */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_INMEM)) { - errno = ENOENT; - return (-1); - } - return (t->bt_fd); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_overflow.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_overflow.c deleted file mode 100644 index 8b1f597912..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_overflow.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_overflow.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 7/16/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -/* - * Big key/data code. - * - * Big key and data entries are stored on linked lists of pages. The initial - * reference is byte string stored with the key or data and is the page number - * and size. The actual record is stored in a chain of pages linked by the - * nextpg field of the PAGE header. - * - * The first page of the chain has a special property. If the record is used - * by an internal page, it cannot be deleted and the P_PRESERVE bit will be set - * in the header. - * - * XXX - * A single DBT is written to each chain, so a lot of space on the last page - * is wasted. This is a fairly major bug for some data sets. - */ - -/* - * __OVFL_GET -- Get an overflow key/data item. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * p: pointer to { db_pgno_t, u_int32_t } - * buf: storage address - * bufsz: storage size - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__ovfl_get(t, p, ssz, buf, bufsz) - BTREE *t; - void *p; - size_t *ssz; - void **buf; - size_t *bufsz; -{ - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t pg; - size_t nb, plen; - u_int32_t sz; - - memmove(&pg, p, sizeof(db_pgno_t)); - memmove(&sz, (char *)p + sizeof(db_pgno_t), sizeof(u_int32_t)); - *ssz = sz; - -#ifdef DEBUG - if (pg == P_INVALID || sz == 0) - abort(); -#endif - /* Make the buffer bigger as necessary. */ - if (*bufsz < sz) { - *buf = (char *)(*buf == NULL ? malloc(sz) : realloc(*buf, sz)); - if (*buf == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - *bufsz = sz; - } - - /* - * Step through the linked list of pages, copying the data on each one - * into the buffer. Never copy more than the data's length. - */ - plen = t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF; - for (p = *buf;; p = (char *)p + nb, pg = h->nextpg) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - nb = MIN(sz, plen); - memmove(p, (char *)h + BTDATAOFF, nb); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - if ((sz -= nb) == 0) - break; - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __OVFL_PUT -- Store an overflow key/data item. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * data: DBT to store - * pgno: storage page number - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__ovfl_put(t, dbt, pg) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *dbt; - db_pgno_t *pg; -{ - PAGE *h, *last; - void *p; - db_pgno_t npg; - size_t nb, plen; - u_int32_t sz; - - /* - * Allocate pages and copy the key/data record into them. Store the - * number of the first page in the chain. - */ - plen = t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF; - for (last = NULL, p = dbt->data, sz = dbt->size;; - p = (char *)p + plen, last = h) { - if ((h = __bt_new(t, &npg)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - h->pgno = npg; - h->nextpg = h->prevpg = P_INVALID; - h->flags = P_OVERFLOW; - h->lower = h->upper = 0; - - nb = MIN(sz, plen); - memmove((char *)h + BTDATAOFF, p, nb); - - if (last) { - last->nextpg = h->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, last, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } else - *pg = h->pgno; - - if ((sz -= nb) == 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - break; - } - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __OVFL_DELETE -- Delete an overflow chain. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * p: pointer to { db_pgno_t, u_int32_t } - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__ovfl_delete(t, p) - BTREE *t; - void *p; -{ - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t pg; - size_t plen; - u_int32_t sz; - - memmove(&pg, p, sizeof(db_pgno_t)); - memmove(&sz, (char *)p + sizeof(db_pgno_t), sizeof(u_int32_t)); - -#ifdef DEBUG - if (pg == P_INVALID || sz == 0) - abort(); -#endif - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Don't delete chains used by internal pages. */ - if (h->flags & P_PRESERVE) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - - /* Step through the chain, calling the free routine for each page. */ - for (plen = t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF;; sz -= plen) { - pg = h->nextpg; - __bt_free(t, h); - if (sz <= plen) - break; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_page.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_page.c deleted file mode 100644 index 3663cf7f93..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_page.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,100 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_page.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/2/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -/* - * __bt_free -- - * Put a page on the freelist. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: page to free - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - * - * Side-effect: - * mpool_put's the page. - */ -int -__bt_free(t, h) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; -{ - /* Insert the page at the head of the free list. */ - h->prevpg = P_INVALID; - h->nextpg = t->bt_free; - t->bt_free = h->pgno; - F_SET(t, B_METADIRTY); - - /* Make sure the page gets written back. */ - return (mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY)); -} - -/* - * __bt_new -- - * Get a new page, preferably from the freelist. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * npg: storage for page number. - * - * Returns: - * Pointer to a page, NULL on error. - */ -PAGE * -__bt_new(t, npg) - BTREE *t; - db_pgno_t *npg; -{ - PAGE *h; - - if (t->bt_free != P_INVALID && - (h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, t->bt_free, 0)) != NULL) { - *npg = t->bt_free; - t->bt_free = h->nextpg; - F_SET(t, B_METADIRTY); - return (h); - } - return (mpool_new(t->bt_mp, npg, MPOOL_PAGE_NEXT)); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_put.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_put.c deleted file mode 100644 index f75ca9295c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_put.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,328 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_put.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 7/26/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static EPG *bt_fast __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, const DBT *, int *)); - -/* - * __BT_PUT -- Add a btree item to the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key - * data: data - * flag: R_NOOVERWRITE - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key is already in the - * tree and R_NOOVERWRITE specified. - */ -int -__bt_put(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key; - const DBT *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - DBT tkey, tdata; - EPG *e = 0; - PAGE *h; - indx_t idx, nxtindex; - db_pgno_t pg; - u_int32_t nbytes; - int dflags, exact, status; - char *dest, db[NOVFLSIZE], kb[NOVFLSIZE]; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Check for change to a read-only tree. */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_RDONLY)) { - errno = EPERM; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - switch (flags) { - case 0: - case R_NOOVERWRITE: - break; - case R_CURSOR: - /* - * If flags is R_CURSOR, put the cursor. Must already - * have started a scan and not have already deleted it. - */ - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT) && - !F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, - CURS_ACQUIRE | CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE)) - break; - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - default: - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - /* - * If the key/data pair won't fit on a page, store it on overflow - * pages. Only put the key on the overflow page if the pair are - * still too big after moving the data to an overflow page. - * - * XXX - * If the insert fails later on, the overflow pages aren't recovered. - */ - dflags = 0; - if (key->size + data->size > t->bt_ovflsize) { - if (key->size > t->bt_ovflsize) { - u_int32_t yuck_this_is_gross_code; -storekey: if (__ovfl_put(t, key, &pg) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - tkey.data = kb; - tkey.size = NOVFLSIZE; - memmove(kb, &pg, sizeof(db_pgno_t)); - yuck_this_is_gross_code = key->size; - if (yuck_this_is_gross_code != key->size) - abort (); - memmove(kb + sizeof(db_pgno_t), - &yuck_this_is_gross_code, sizeof(u_int32_t)); - dflags |= P_BIGKEY; - key = &tkey; - } - if (key->size + data->size > t->bt_ovflsize) { - u_int32_t yuck_this_is_gross_code = data->size; - if (__ovfl_put(t, data, &pg) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - tdata.data = db; - tdata.size = NOVFLSIZE; - memmove(db, &pg, sizeof(db_pgno_t)); - if (yuck_this_is_gross_code != data->size) - abort (); - memmove(db + sizeof(db_pgno_t), - &yuck_this_is_gross_code, sizeof(u_int32_t)); - dflags |= P_BIGDATA; - data = &tdata; - } - if (key->size + data->size > t->bt_ovflsize) - goto storekey; - } - - /* Replace the cursor. */ - if (flags == R_CURSOR) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, t->bt_cursor.pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - idx = t->bt_cursor.pg.index; - goto delete; - } - - /* - * Find the key to delete, or, the location at which to insert. - * Bt_fast and __bt_search both pin the returned page. - */ - if (t->bt_order == NOT || (e = bt_fast(t, key, data, &exact)) == NULL) - if ((e = __bt_search(t, key, &exact)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - h = e->page; - idx = e->index; - - /* - * Add the key/data pair to the tree. If an identical key is already - * in the tree, and R_NOOVERWRITE is set, an error is returned. If - * R_NOOVERWRITE is not set, the key is either added (if duplicates are - * permitted) or an error is returned. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_NOOVERWRITE: - if (!exact) - break; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - default: - if (!exact || !F_ISSET(t, B_NODUPS)) - break; - /* - * !!! - * Note, the delete may empty the page, so we need to put a - * new entry into the page immediately. - */ -delete: if (__bt_dleaf(t, key, h, idx) == RET_ERROR) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - break; - } - - /* - * If not enough room, or the user has put a ceiling on the number of - * keys permitted in the page, split the page. The split code will - * insert the key and data and unpin the current page. If inserting - * into the offset array, shift the pointers up. - */ - nbytes = NBLEAFDBT(key->size, data->size); - if (h->upper - h->lower < nbytes + sizeof(indx_t)) { - if ((status = __bt_split(t, h, key, - data, dflags, nbytes, idx)) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (status); - goto success; - } - - if (idx < (nxtindex = NEXTINDEX(h))) - memmove(h->linp + idx + 1, h->linp + idx, - (nxtindex - idx) * sizeof(indx_t)); - h->lower += sizeof(indx_t); - - h->linp[idx] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_BLEAF(dest, key, data, dflags); - - /* If the cursor is on this page, adjust it as necessary. */ - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT) && - !F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_ACQUIRE) && - t->bt_cursor.pg.pgno == h->pgno && t->bt_cursor.pg.index >= idx) - ++t->bt_cursor.pg.index; - - if (t->bt_order == NOT) { - if (h->nextpg == P_INVALID) { - if (idx == NEXTINDEX(h) - 1) { - t->bt_order = FORWARD; - t->bt_last.index = idx; - t->bt_last.pgno = h->pgno; - } - } else if (h->prevpg == P_INVALID) { - if (idx == 0) { - t->bt_order = BACK; - t->bt_last.index = 0; - t->bt_last.pgno = h->pgno; - } - } - } - - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - -success: - if (flags == R_SETCURSOR) - __bt_setcur(t, e->page->pgno, e->index); - - F_SET(t, B_MODIFIED); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -#ifdef STATISTICS -u_long bt_cache_hit, bt_cache_miss; -#endif - -/* - * BT_FAST -- Do a quick check for sorted data. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * key: key to insert - * - * Returns: - * EPG for new record or NULL if not found. - */ -static EPG * -bt_fast(t, key, data, exactp) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key, *data; - int *exactp; -{ - PAGE *h; - u_int32_t nbytes; - int cmp; - - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, t->bt_last.pgno, 0)) == NULL) { - t->bt_order = NOT; - return (NULL); - } - t->bt_cur.page = h; - t->bt_cur.index = t->bt_last.index; - - /* - * If won't fit in this page or have too many keys in this page, - * have to search to get split stack. - */ - nbytes = NBLEAFDBT(key->size, data->size); - if (h->upper - h->lower < nbytes + sizeof(indx_t)) - goto miss; - - if (t->bt_order == FORWARD) { - if (t->bt_cur.page->nextpg != P_INVALID) - goto miss; - if (t->bt_cur.index != NEXTINDEX(h) - 1) - goto miss; - if ((cmp = __bt_cmp(t, key, &t->bt_cur)) < 0) - goto miss; - t->bt_last.index = cmp ? ++t->bt_cur.index : t->bt_cur.index; - } else { - if (t->bt_cur.page->prevpg != P_INVALID) - goto miss; - if (t->bt_cur.index != 0) - goto miss; - if ((cmp = __bt_cmp(t, key, &t->bt_cur)) > 0) - goto miss; - t->bt_last.index = 0; - } - *exactp = cmp == 0; -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++bt_cache_hit; -#endif - return (&t->bt_cur); - -miss: -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++bt_cache_miss; -#endif - t->bt_order = NOT; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (NULL); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_search.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_search.c deleted file mode 100644 index de7ab126f9..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_search.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,297 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_search.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 10/26/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static int __bt_snext __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, const DBT *, int *)); -static int __bt_sprev __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, const DBT *, int *)); - -/* - * __bt_search -- - * Search a btree for a key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree to search - * key: key to find - * exactp: pointer to exact match flag - * - * Returns: - * The EPG for matching record, if any, or the EPG for the location - * of the key, if it were inserted into the tree, is entered into - * the bt_cur field of the tree. A pointer to the field is returned. - */ -EPG * -__bt_search(t, key, exactp) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key; - int *exactp; -{ - PAGE *h; - indx_t base, idx, lim; - db_pgno_t pg; - int cmp; - - BT_CLR(t); - for (pg = P_ROOT;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (NULL); - - /* Do a binary search on the current page. */ - t->bt_cur.page = h; - for (base = 0, lim = NEXTINDEX(h); lim; lim >>= 1) { - t->bt_cur.index = idx = base + (lim >> 1); - if ((cmp = __bt_cmp(t, key, &t->bt_cur)) == 0) { - if (h->flags & P_BLEAF) { - *exactp = 1; - return (&t->bt_cur); - } - goto next; - } - if (cmp > 0) { - base = idx + 1; - --lim; - } - } - - /* - * If it's a leaf page, we're almost done. If no duplicates - * are allowed, or we have an exact match, we're done. Else, - * it's possible that there were matching keys on this page, - * which later deleted, and we're on a page with no matches - * while there are matches on other pages. If at the start or - * end of a page, check the adjacent page. - */ - if (h->flags & P_BLEAF) { - if (!F_ISSET(t, B_NODUPS)) { - if (base == 0 && - h->prevpg != P_INVALID && - __bt_sprev(t, h, key, exactp)) - return (&t->bt_cur); - if (base == NEXTINDEX(h) && - h->nextpg != P_INVALID && - __bt_snext(t, h, key, exactp)) - return (&t->bt_cur); - } - *exactp = 0; - t->bt_cur.index = base; - return (&t->bt_cur); - } - - /* - * No match found. Base is the smallest index greater than - * key and may be zero or a last + 1 index. If it's non-zero, - * decrement by one, and record the internal page which should - * be a parent page for the key. If a split later occurs, the - * inserted page will be to the right of the saved page. - */ - idx = base ? base - 1 : base; - -next: BT_PUSH(t, h->pgno, idx); - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx)->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } -} - -/* - * __bt_snext -- - * Check for an exact match after the key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: current page - * key: key - * exactp: pointer to exact match flag - * - * Returns: - * If an exact match found. - */ -static int -__bt_snext(t, h, key, exactp) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - const DBT *key; - int *exactp; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - EPG e; - EPGNO *parent; - indx_t idx; - db_pgno_t pgno; - int level; - - /* - * Get the next page. The key is either an exact - * match, or not as good as the one we already have. - */ - if ((e.page = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->nextpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (0); - e.index = 0; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) != 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e.page, 0); - return (0); - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - t->bt_cur = e; - *exactp = 1; - - /* - * Adjust the stack for the movement. - * - * Move up the stack. - */ - for (level = 0; (parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL; ++level) { - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (0); - - /* Move to the next index. */ - if (parent->index != NEXTINDEX(h) - 1) { - idx = parent->index + 1; - BT_PUSH(t, h->pgno, idx); - break; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - - /* Restore the stack. */ - while (level--) { - /* Push the next level down onto the stack. */ - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx); - pgno = bi->pgno; - BT_PUSH(t, pgno, 0); - - /* Lose the currently pinned page. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Get the next level down. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (0); - idx = 0; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (1); -} - -/* - * __bt_sprev -- - * Check for an exact match before the key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: current page - * key: key - * exactp: pointer to exact match flag - * - * Returns: - * If an exact match found. - */ -static int -__bt_sprev(t, h, key, exactp) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - const DBT *key; - int *exactp; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - EPG e; - EPGNO *parent; - indx_t idx; - db_pgno_t pgno; - int level; - - /* - * Get the previous page. The key is either an exact - * match, or not as good as the one we already have. - */ - if ((e.page = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->prevpg, 0)) == NULL) - return (0); - e.index = NEXTINDEX(e.page) - 1; - if (__bt_cmp(t, key, &e) != 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e.page, 0); - return (0); - } - - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - t->bt_cur = e; - *exactp = 1; - - /* - * Adjust the stack for the movement. - * - * Move up the stack. - */ - for (level = 0; (parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL; ++level) { - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - - /* Move to the next index. */ - if (parent->index != 0) { - idx = parent->index - 1; - BT_PUSH(t, h->pgno, idx); - break; - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - - /* Restore the stack. */ - while (level--) { - /* Push the next level down onto the stack. */ - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx); - pgno = bi->pgno; - - /* Lose the currently pinned page. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - /* Get the next level down. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (1); - - idx = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - BT_PUSH(t, pgno, idx); - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (1); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_seq.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_seq.c deleted file mode 100644 index bbfb9c6c63..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_seq.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,901 +0,0 @@ -/* - * Copyright (C) 2002 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. - * All rights reserved. - * - * Export of this software from the United States of America may - * require a specific license from the United States Government. - * It is the responsibility of any person or organization contemplating - * export to obtain such a license before exporting. - * - * WITHIN THAT CONSTRAINT, permission to use, copy, modify, and - * distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and - * without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright - * notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and - * this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that - * the name of M.I.T. not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining - * to distribution of the software without specific, written prior - * permission. Furthermore if you modify this software you must label - * your software as modified software and not distribute it in such a - * fashion that it might be confused with the original M.I.T. software. - * M.I.T. makes no representations about the suitability of - * this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express - * or implied warranty. - */ - -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_seq.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 6/20/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stddef.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static int __bt_first __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, EPG *, int *)); -static int __bt_seqadv __P((BTREE *, EPG *, int)); -static int __bt_seqset __P((BTREE *, EPG *, DBT *, int)); - -/* - * Sequential scan support. - * - * The tree can be scanned sequentially, starting from either end of the - * tree or from any specific key. A scan request before any scanning is - * done is initialized as starting from the least node. - */ - -/* - * __bt_seq -- - * Btree sequential scan interface. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key for positioning and return value - * data: data return value - * flags: R_CURSOR, R_FIRST, R_LAST, R_NEXT, R_PREV. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -int -__bt_seq(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key, *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - EPG e; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* - * If scan unitialized as yet, or starting at a specific record, set - * the scan to a specific key. Both __bt_seqset and __bt_seqadv pin - * the page the cursor references if they're successful. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_NEXT: - case R_PREV: - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT)) { - status = __bt_seqadv(t, &e, flags); - break; - } - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - case R_FIRST: - case R_LAST: - case R_CURSOR: - status = __bt_seqset(t, &e, key, flags); - break; - default: - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - __bt_setcur(t, e.page->pgno, e.index); - - status = - __bt_ret(t, &e, key, &t->bt_rkey, data, &t->bt_rdata, 0); - - /* - * If the user is doing concurrent access, we copied the - * key/data, toss the page. - */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e.page, 0); - else - t->bt_pinned = e.page; - } - return (status); -} - -/* - * __bt_seqset -- - * Set the sequential scan to a specific key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * ep: storage for returned key - * key: key for initial scan position - * flags: R_CURSOR, R_FIRST, R_LAST, R_NEXT, R_PREV - * - * Side effects: - * Pins the page the cursor references. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -static int -__bt_seqset(t, ep, key, flags) - BTREE *t; - EPG *ep; - DBT *key; - int flags; -{ - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t pg; - int exact; - - /* - * Find the first, last or specific key in the tree and point the - * cursor at it. The cursor may not be moved until a new key has - * been found. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_CURSOR: /* Keyed scan. */ - /* - * Find the first instance of the key or the smallest key - * which is greater than or equal to the specified key. - */ - if (key->data == NULL || key->size == 0) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - return (__bt_first(t, key, ep, &exact)); - case R_FIRST: /* First record. */ - case R_NEXT: - /* Walk down the left-hand side of the tree. */ - for (pg = P_ROOT;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Check for an empty tree. */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - if (h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF)) - break; - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, 0)->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - ep->page = h; - ep->index = 0; - break; - case R_LAST: /* Last record. */ - case R_PREV: - /* Walk down the right-hand side of the tree. */ - for (pg = P_ROOT;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Check for an empty tree. */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - if (h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF)) - break; - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, NEXTINDEX(h) - 1)->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - } - - ep->page = h; - ep->index = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - break; - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __bt_seqadvance -- - * Advance the sequential scan. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * flags: R_NEXT, R_PREV - * - * Side effects: - * Pins the page the new key/data record is on. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -static int -__bt_seqadv(t, ep, flags) - BTREE *t; - EPG *ep; - int flags; -{ - CURSOR *c; - PAGE *h; - indx_t idx; - db_pgno_t pg; - int exact, rval; - - /* - * There are a couple of states that we can be in. The cursor has - * been initialized by the time we get here, but that's all we know. - */ - c = &t->bt_cursor; - - /* - * The cursor was deleted and there weren't any duplicate records, - * so the cursor's key was saved. Find out where that key would - * be in the current tree. If the returned key is an exact match, - * it means that a key/data pair was inserted into the tree after - * the delete. We could reasonably return the key, but the problem - * is that this is the access pattern we'll see if the user is - * doing seq(..., R_NEXT)/put(..., 0) pairs, i.e. the put deletes - * the cursor record and then replaces it, so the cursor was saved, - * and we'll simply return the same "new" record until the user - * notices and doesn't do a put() of it. Since the key is an exact - * match, we could as easily put the new record before the cursor, - * and we've made no guarantee to return it. So, move forward or - * back a record if it's an exact match. - * - * XXX - * In the current implementation, put's to the cursor are done with - * delete/add pairs. This has two consequences. First, it means - * that seq(..., R_NEXT)/put(..., R_CURSOR) pairs are going to exhibit - * the same behavior as above. Second, you can return the same key - * twice if you have duplicate records. The scenario is that the - * cursor record is deleted, moving the cursor forward or backward - * to a duplicate. The add then inserts the new record at a location - * ahead of the cursor because duplicates aren't sorted in any way, - * and the new record is later returned. This has to be fixed at some - * point. - */ - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_ACQUIRE)) { - if ((rval = __bt_first(t, &c->key, ep, &exact)) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (!exact) - return (rval); - /* - * XXX - * Kluge -- get, release, get the page. - */ - c->pg.pgno = ep->page->pgno; - c->pg.index = ep->index; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, ep->page, 0); - } - - /* Get the page referenced by the cursor. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* - * Find the next/previous record in the tree and point the cursor at - * it. The cursor may not be moved until a new key has been found. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_NEXT: /* Next record. */ - /* - * The cursor was deleted in duplicate records, and moved - * forward to a record that has yet to be returned. Clear - * that flag, and return the record. - */ - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_AFTER)) - goto usecurrent; - idx = c->pg.index; - if (++idx == NEXTINDEX(h)) { - pg = h->nextpg; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (pg == P_INVALID) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - idx = 0; - } - break; - case R_PREV: /* Previous record. */ - /* - * The cursor was deleted in duplicate records, and moved - * backward to a record that has yet to be returned. Clear - * that flag, and return the record. - */ - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_BEFORE)) { -usecurrent: F_CLR(c, CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE); - ep->page = h; - ep->index = c->pg.index; - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - idx = c->pg.index; - if (idx == 0) { - pg = h->prevpg; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (pg == P_INVALID) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - idx = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - } else - --idx; - break; - } - - ep->page = h; - ep->index = idx; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __bt_first -- - * Find the first entry. - * - * Parameters: - * t: the tree - * key: the key - * erval: return EPG - * exactp: pointer to exact match flag - * - * Returns: - * The first entry in the tree greater than or equal to key, - * or RET_SPECIAL if no such key exists. - */ -static int -__bt_first(t, key, erval, exactp) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *key; - EPG *erval; - int *exactp; -{ - PAGE *h; - EPG *ep, save; - db_pgno_t pg; - - /* - * Find any matching record; __bt_search pins the page. - * - * If it's an exact match and duplicates are possible, walk backwards - * in the tree until we find the first one. Otherwise, make sure it's - * a valid key (__bt_search may return an index just past the end of a - * page) and return it. - */ - if ((ep = __bt_search(t, key, exactp)) == NULL) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if (*exactp) { - if (F_ISSET(t, B_NODUPS)) { - *erval = *ep; - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - - /* - * Walk backwards, as long as the entry matches and there are - * keys left in the tree. Save a copy of each match in case - * we go too far. - */ - save = *ep; - h = ep->page; - do { - if (save.page->pgno != ep->page->pgno) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, save.page, 0); - save = *ep; - } else - save.index = ep->index; - - /* - * Don't unpin the page the last (or original) match - * was on, but make sure it's unpinned if an error - * occurs. - */ - if (ep->index == 0) { - if (h->prevpg == P_INVALID) - break; - if (h->pgno != save.page->pgno) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, - h->prevpg, 0)) == NULL) { - if (h->pgno == save.page->pgno) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, - save.page, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - ep->page = h; - ep->index = NEXTINDEX(h); - } - --ep->index; - } while (__bt_cmp(t, key, ep) == 0); - - /* - * Reach here with the last page that was looked at pinned, - * which may or may not be the same as the last (or original) - * match page. If it's not useful, release it. - */ - if (h->pgno != save.page->pgno) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - *erval = save; - return (RET_SUCCESS); - } - - /* If at the end of a page, find the next entry. */ - if (ep->index == NEXTINDEX(ep->page)) { - h = ep->page; - pg = h->nextpg; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (pg == P_INVALID) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - ep->index = 0; - ep->page = h; - } - *erval = *ep; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __bt_setcur -- - * Set the cursor to an entry in the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: the tree - * pgno: page number - * index: page index - */ -void -__bt_setcur(t, pgno, idx) - BTREE *t; - db_pgno_t pgno; - u_int idx; -{ - /* Lose any already deleted key. */ - if (t->bt_cursor.key.data != NULL) { - free(t->bt_cursor.key.data); - t->bt_cursor.key.size = 0; - t->bt_cursor.key.data = NULL; - } - F_CLR(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_ACQUIRE | CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE); - - /* Update the cursor. */ - t->bt_cursor.pg.pgno = pgno; - t->bt_cursor.pg.index = idx; - F_SET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT); -} - -/* Recursive descent cursor. */ -typedef struct rcursor_ { - CURSOR cursor; - size_t ssize; - EPGNO *stack; - EPGNO *sp; -} RCURSOR; -#define RCURSOR_MINSS 64 - -static int bt_rcinit(void **); -static void bt_rcdestroy(void **); -static int bt_rcpush(RCURSOR *, db_pgno_t, u_int); -static EPGNO *bt_rcpop(RCURSOR *); -static void bt_rcclr(RCURSOR *); -static int bt_rcgrowstk(RCURSOR *); -static int bt_rseqset(BTREE *, EPG *, DBT *, RCURSOR *, int); -static int bt_rseqadv(BTREE *, EPG *, RCURSOR *, int); - -static int -bt_rcinit(curs) - void **curs; -{ - RCURSOR *rc; - - rc = *curs = malloc(sizeof(RCURSOR)); - if (rc == NULL) { - errno = ENOMEM; - return RET_ERROR; - } - memset(rc, 0, sizeof(*rc)); - - rc->ssize = RCURSOR_MINSS; - rc->stack = malloc(rc->ssize * sizeof(EPGNO)); - if (rc->stack == NULL) { - free(rc); - errno = ENOMEM; - return RET_ERROR; - } - bt_rcclr(rc); - return RET_SUCCESS; -} - -static void -bt_rcdestroy(curs) - void **curs; -{ - RCURSOR *rc; - - rc = *curs; - free(rc->stack); - free(rc); - *curs = NULL; -} - -static int -bt_rcpush(rc, p, i) - RCURSOR *rc; - db_pgno_t p; - u_int i; -{ - int status; - - rc->sp->pgno = p; - rc->sp->index = i; - if (++rc->sp > rc->stack + rc->ssize) { - status = bt_rcgrowstk(rc); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return status; - } - return RET_SUCCESS; -} - -static EPGNO * -bt_rcpop(rc) - RCURSOR *rc; -{ - return (rc->sp == rc->stack) ? NULL : --rc->sp; -} - -static void -bt_rcclr(rc) - RCURSOR *rc; -{ - rc->sp = rc->stack; -} - -static int -bt_rcgrowstk(rc) - RCURSOR *rc; -{ - size_t osize; - EPGNO *e; - - osize = rc->ssize; - rc->ssize *= 2; - e = realloc(rc->stack, rc->ssize * sizeof(EPGNO)); - if (e == NULL) { - rc->ssize = osize; - errno = ENOMEM; - return RET_ERROR; - } - rc->stack = e; - return RET_SUCCESS; -} - -/* - * bt_rseq -- - * Like __bt_seq but does recursive descent tree traversal - * instead of using the prev/next pointers. - */ -int -bt_rseq(dbp, key, data, curs, flags) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key, *data; - void **curs; - u_int flags; -{ - RCURSOR *rc; - BTREE *t; - EPG e; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - if (curs == NULL) { - errno = EINVAL; - return RET_ERROR; - } - if (*curs == NULL) { - status = bt_rcinit(curs); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return RET_ERROR; - } - rc = *curs; - - /* - * If scan unitialized as yet, or starting at a specific record, set - * the scan to a specific key. Both bt_rseqset and bt_rseqadv pin - * the page the cursor references if they're successful. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_NEXT: - case R_PREV: - if (F_ISSET(&rc->cursor, CURS_INIT)) { - status = bt_rseqadv(t, &e, rc, flags); - break; - } - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - case R_FIRST: - case R_LAST: - case R_CURSOR: - status = bt_rseqset(t, &e, key, rc, flags); - break; - default: - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - status = - __bt_ret(t, &e, key, &t->bt_rkey, data, &t->bt_rdata, 0); - - /* - * If the user is doing concurrent access, we copied the - * key/data, toss the page. - */ - if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e.page, 0); - else - t->bt_pinned = e.page; - } else if (status == RET_SPECIAL) - bt_rcdestroy(curs); - return (status); -} - -/* - * bt_rseqset -- - * Set the sequential scan to a specific key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * ep: storage for returned key - * key: key for initial scan position - * rc: recursion cursor - * flags: R_CURSOR, R_FIRST, R_LAST, R_NEXT, R_PREV - * - * Side effects: - * Pins the page the cursor references. - * Updates rc's stack and cursor. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -static int -bt_rseqset(t, ep, key, rc, flags) - BTREE *t; - EPG *ep; - DBT *key; - RCURSOR *rc; - int flags; -{ - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t pg; - int status; - - /* - * Find the first, last or specific key in the tree and point the - * cursor at it. The cursor may not be moved until a new key has - * been found. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_CURSOR: /* Not implemented. */ - errno = EINVAL; - return RET_ERROR; - case R_FIRST: /* First record. */ - case R_NEXT: - bt_rcclr(rc); - /* Walk down the left-hand side of the tree. */ - for (pg = P_ROOT;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Check for an empty tree. */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - if (h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF)) - break; - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, 0)->pgno; - status = bt_rcpush(rc, h->pgno, 0); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return status; - } - ep->page = h; - ep->index = 0; - break; - case R_LAST: /* Last record. */ - case R_PREV: - bt_rcclr(rc); - /* Walk down the right-hand side of the tree. */ - for (pg = P_ROOT;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Check for an empty tree. */ - if (NEXTINDEX(h) == 0) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - if (h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF)) - break; - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, NEXTINDEX(h) - 1)->pgno; - status = bt_rcpush(rc, h->pgno, NEXTINDEX(h) - 1); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return status; - } - ep->page = h; - ep->index = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - break; - } - rc->cursor.pg.pgno = ep->page->pgno; - rc->cursor.pg.index = ep->index; - F_CLR(&rc->cursor, CURS_ACQUIRE | CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE); - F_SET(&rc->cursor, CURS_INIT); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * bt_rseqadvance -- - * Advance the sequential scan. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * ep: return page - * rc: recursion cursor - * flags: R_NEXT, R_PREV - * - * Side effects: - * Pins the page the new key/data record is on. - * Updates rc's stack and cursor. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -static int -bt_rseqadv(t, ep, rc, flags) - BTREE *t; - EPG *ep; - RCURSOR *rc; - int flags; -{ - CURSOR *c; - PAGE *h; - indx_t idx; - db_pgno_t pg; - int status; - EPGNO *e; - - /* - * There are a couple of states that we can be in. The cursor has - * been initialized by the time we get here, but that's all we know. - */ - c = &rc->cursor; - - /* Get the page referenced by the cursor. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* - * Find the next/previous record in the tree and point the cursor at - * it. The cursor may not be moved until a new key has been found. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_NEXT: /* Next record. */ - idx = c->pg.index; - while (++idx == NEXTINDEX(h)) { - /* Crawl up if we hit the right edge. */ - e = bt_rcpop(rc); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (e == NULL) /* Hit the right edge of root. */ - return RET_SPECIAL; - idx = e->index; - pg = e->pgno; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - } - while (!(h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF))) { - /* Crawl down the left until we hit a leaf. */ - status = bt_rcpush(rc, h->pgno, idx); - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx)->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return status; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - idx = 0; - } - break; - case R_PREV: /* Previous record. */ - idx = c->pg.index; - while (!idx) { - /* Crawl up if we hit the left edge. */ - e = bt_rcpop(rc); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (e == NULL) /* Hit the left edge of root. */ - return RET_SPECIAL; - idx = e->index; - pg = e->pgno; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - } - idx--; - while (!(h->flags & (P_BLEAF | P_RLEAF))) { - /* Crawl down the right until we hit a leaf. */ - status = bt_rcpush(rc, h->pgno, idx); - pg = GETBINTERNAL(h, idx)->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) - return status; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - idx = NEXTINDEX(h) - 1; - } - break; - } - - ep->page = h; - ep->index = idx; - c->pg.pgno = h->pgno; - c->pg.index = idx; - F_CLR(c, CURS_ACQUIRE | CURS_AFTER | CURS_BEFORE); - F_SET(c, CURS_INIT); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_split.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_split.c deleted file mode 100644 index 0cc6cf09bc..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_split.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,828 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_split.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 1/9/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <limits.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -static int bt_broot __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, PAGE *, PAGE *)); -static PAGE *bt_page - __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, PAGE **, PAGE **, indx_t *, size_t)); -static int bt_preserve __P((BTREE *, db_pgno_t)); -static PAGE *bt_psplit - __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, PAGE *, PAGE *, indx_t *, size_t)); -static PAGE *bt_root - __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, PAGE **, PAGE **, indx_t *, size_t)); -static int bt_rroot __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, PAGE *, PAGE *)); -static recno_t rec_total __P((PAGE *)); - -#ifdef STATISTICS -u_long bt_rootsplit, bt_split, bt_sortsplit, bt_pfxsaved; -#endif - -/* - * __BT_SPLIT -- Split the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * sp: page to split - * key: key to insert - * data: data to insert - * flags: BIGKEY/BIGDATA flags - * ilen: insert length - * skip: index to leave open - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__bt_split(t, sp, key, data, flags, ilen, argskip) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *sp; - const DBT *key, *data; - int flags; - size_t ilen; - u_int32_t argskip; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - BLEAF *bl, *tbl; - DBT a, b; - EPGNO *parent; - PAGE *h, *l, *r, *lchild, *rchild; - indx_t nxtindex; - u_int16_t skip; - u_int32_t n, nbytes, nksize; - int parentsplit; - char *dest; - - /* - * Split the page into two pages, l and r. The split routines return - * a pointer to the page into which the key should be inserted and with - * skip set to the offset which should be used. Additionally, l and r - * are pinned. - */ - skip = argskip; - h = sp->pgno == P_ROOT ? - bt_root(t, sp, &l, &r, &skip, ilen) : - bt_page(t, sp, &l, &r, &skip, ilen); - if (h == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* - * Insert the new key/data pair into the leaf page. (Key inserts - * always cause a leaf page to split first.) - */ - h->linp[skip] = h->upper -= ilen; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - if (F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO)) - WR_RLEAF(dest, data, flags) - else - WR_BLEAF(dest, key, data, flags) - - /* If the root page was split, make it look right. */ - if (sp->pgno == P_ROOT && - (F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO) ? - bt_rroot(t, sp, l, r) : bt_broot(t, sp, l, r)) == RET_ERROR) - goto err2; - - /* - * Now we walk the parent page stack -- a LIFO stack of the pages that - * were traversed when we searched for the page that split. Each stack - * entry is a page number and a page index offset. The offset is for - * the page traversed on the search. We've just split a page, so we - * have to insert a new key into the parent page. - * - * If the insert into the parent page causes it to split, may have to - * continue splitting all the way up the tree. We stop if the root - * splits or the page inserted into didn't have to split to hold the - * new key. Some algorithms replace the key for the old page as well - * as the new page. We don't, as there's no reason to believe that the - * first key on the old page is any better than the key we have, and, - * in the case of a key being placed at index 0 causing the split, the - * key is unavailable. - * - * There are a maximum of 5 pages pinned at any time. We keep the left - * and right pages pinned while working on the parent. The 5 are the - * two children, left parent and right parent (when the parent splits) - * and the root page or the overflow key page when calling bt_preserve. - * This code must make sure that all pins are released other than the - * root page or overflow page which is unlocked elsewhere. - */ - while ((parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL) { - lchild = l; - rchild = r; - - /* Get the parent page. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - goto err2; - - /* - * The new key goes ONE AFTER the index, because the split - * was to the right. - */ - skip = parent->index + 1; - - /* - * Calculate the space needed on the parent page. - * - * Prefix trees: space hack when inserting into BINTERNAL - * pages. Retain only what's needed to distinguish between - * the new entry and the LAST entry on the page to its left. - * If the keys compare equal, retain the entire key. Note, - * we don't touch overflow keys, and the entire key must be - * retained for the next-to-left most key on the leftmost - * page of each level, or the search will fail. Applicable - * ONLY to internal pages that have leaf pages as children. - * Further reduction of the key between pairs of internal - * pages loses too much information. - */ - switch (rchild->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - bi = GETBINTERNAL(rchild, 0); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bi->ksize); - break; - case P_BLEAF: - bl = GETBLEAF(rchild, 0); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bl->ksize); - if (t->bt_pfx && !(bl->flags & P_BIGKEY) && - (h->prevpg != P_INVALID || skip > 1)) { - tbl = GETBLEAF(lchild, NEXTINDEX(lchild) - 1); - a.size = tbl->ksize; - a.data = tbl->bytes; - b.size = bl->ksize; - b.data = bl->bytes; - nksize = t->bt_pfx(&a, &b); - n = NBINTERNAL(nksize); - if (n < nbytes) { -#ifdef STATISTICS - bt_pfxsaved += nbytes - n; -#endif - nbytes = n; - } else - nksize = 0; - } else - nksize = 0; - break; - case P_RINTERNAL: - case P_RLEAF: - nbytes = NRINTERNAL; - break; - default: - abort(); - } - - /* Split the parent page if necessary or shift the indices. */ - if (h->upper - h->lower < nbytes + sizeof(indx_t)) { - sp = h; - h = h->pgno == P_ROOT ? - bt_root(t, h, &l, &r, &skip, nbytes) : - bt_page(t, h, &l, &r, &skip, nbytes); - if (h == NULL) - goto err1; - parentsplit = 1; - } else { - if (skip < (nxtindex = NEXTINDEX(h))) - memmove(h->linp + skip + 1, h->linp + skip, - (nxtindex - skip) * sizeof(indx_t)); - h->lower += sizeof(indx_t); - parentsplit = 0; - } - - /* Insert the key into the parent page. */ - switch (rchild->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - h->linp[skip] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip]; - memmove(dest, bi, nbytes); - ((BINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = rchild->pgno; - break; - case P_BLEAF: - h->linp[skip] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip]; - WR_BINTERNAL(dest, nksize ? nksize : bl->ksize, - rchild->pgno, bl->flags & P_BIGKEY); - memmove(dest, bl->bytes, nksize ? nksize : bl->ksize); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY && - bt_preserve(t, *(db_pgno_t *)bl->bytes) == RET_ERROR) - goto err1; - break; - case P_RINTERNAL: - /* - * Update the left page count. If split - * added at index 0, fix the correct page. - */ - if (skip > 0) - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip - 1]; - else - dest = (char *)l + l->linp[NEXTINDEX(l) - 1]; - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->nrecs = rec_total(lchild); - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = lchild->pgno; - - /* Update the right page count. */ - h->linp[skip] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip]; - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->nrecs = rec_total(rchild); - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = rchild->pgno; - break; - case P_RLEAF: - /* - * Update the left page count. If split - * added at index 0, fix the correct page. - */ - if (skip > 0) - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip - 1]; - else - dest = (char *)l + l->linp[NEXTINDEX(l) - 1]; - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->nrecs = NEXTINDEX(lchild); - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = lchild->pgno; - - /* Update the right page count. */ - h->linp[skip] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->linp[skip]; - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->nrecs = NEXTINDEX(rchild); - ((RINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = rchild->pgno; - break; - default: - abort(); - } - - /* Unpin the held pages. */ - if (!parentsplit) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - break; - } - - /* If the root page was split, make it look right. */ - if (sp->pgno == P_ROOT && - (F_ISSET(t, R_RECNO) ? - bt_rroot(t, sp, l, r) : bt_broot(t, sp, l, r)) == RET_ERROR) - goto err1; - - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, lchild, MPOOL_DIRTY); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, rchild, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } - - /* Unpin the held pages. */ - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, l, MPOOL_DIRTY); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, r, MPOOL_DIRTY); - - /* Clear any pages left on the stack. */ - return (RET_SUCCESS); - - /* - * If something fails in the above loop we were already walking back - * up the tree and the tree is now inconsistent. Nothing much we can - * do about it but release any memory we're holding. - */ -err1: mpool_put(t->bt_mp, lchild, MPOOL_DIRTY); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, rchild, MPOOL_DIRTY); - -err2: mpool_put(t->bt_mp, l, 0); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, r, 0); - __dbpanic(t->bt_dbp); - return (RET_ERROR); -} - -/* - * BT_PAGE -- Split a non-root page of a btree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: root page - * lp: pointer to left page pointer - * rp: pointer to right page pointer - * skip: pointer to index to leave open - * ilen: insert length - * - * Returns: - * Pointer to page in which to insert or NULL on error. - */ -static PAGE * -bt_page(t, h, lp, rp, skip, ilen) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h, **lp, **rp; - indx_t *skip; - size_t ilen; -{ - PAGE *l, *r, *tp; - db_pgno_t npg; - -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++bt_split; -#endif - /* Put the new right page for the split into place. */ - if ((r = __bt_new(t, &npg)) == NULL) - return (NULL); - r->pgno = npg; - r->lower = BTDATAOFF; - r->upper = t->bt_psize; - r->nextpg = h->nextpg; - r->prevpg = h->pgno; - r->flags = h->flags & P_TYPE; - - /* - * If we're splitting the last page on a level because we're appending - * a key to it (skip is NEXTINDEX()), it's likely that the data is - * sorted. Adding an empty page on the side of the level is less work - * and can push the fill factor much higher than normal. If we're - * wrong it's no big deal, we'll just do the split the right way next - * time. It may look like it's equally easy to do a similar hack for - * reverse sorted data, that is, split the tree left, but it's not. - * Don't even try. - */ - if (h->nextpg == P_INVALID && *skip == NEXTINDEX(h)) { -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++bt_sortsplit; -#endif - h->nextpg = r->pgno; - r->lower = BTDATAOFF + sizeof(indx_t); - *skip = 0; - *lp = h; - *rp = r; - return (r); - } - - /* Put the new left page for the split into place. */ - if ((l = (PAGE *)malloc(t->bt_psize)) == NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, r, 0); - return (NULL); - } -#ifdef PURIFY - memset(l, 0xff, t->bt_psize); -#endif - l->pgno = h->pgno; - l->nextpg = r->pgno; - l->prevpg = h->prevpg; - l->lower = BTDATAOFF; - l->upper = t->bt_psize; - l->flags = h->flags & P_TYPE; - - /* Fix up the previous pointer of the page after the split page. */ - if (h->nextpg != P_INVALID) { - if ((tp = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, h->nextpg, 0)) == NULL) { - free(l); - /* XXX mpool_free(t->bt_mp, r->pgno); */ - return (NULL); - } - tp->prevpg = r->pgno; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, tp, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } - - /* - * Split right. The key/data pairs aren't sorted in the btree page so - * it's simpler to copy the data from the split page onto two new pages - * instead of copying half the data to the right page and compacting - * the left page in place. Since the left page can't change, we have - * to swap the original and the allocated left page after the split. - */ - tp = bt_psplit(t, h, l, r, skip, ilen); - - /* Move the new left page onto the old left page. */ - memmove(h, l, t->bt_psize); - if (tp == l) - tp = h; - free(l); - - *lp = h; - *rp = r; - return (tp); -} - -/* - * BT_ROOT -- Split the root page of a btree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: root page - * lp: pointer to left page pointer - * rp: pointer to right page pointer - * skip: pointer to index to leave open - * ilen: insert length - * - * Returns: - * Pointer to page in which to insert or NULL on error. - */ -static PAGE * -bt_root(t, h, lp, rp, skip, ilen) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h, **lp, **rp; - indx_t *skip; - size_t ilen; -{ - PAGE *l, *r, *tp; - db_pgno_t lnpg, rnpg; - -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++bt_split; - ++bt_rootsplit; -#endif - /* Put the new left and right pages for the split into place. */ - if ((l = __bt_new(t, &lnpg)) == NULL || - (r = __bt_new(t, &rnpg)) == NULL) - return (NULL); - l->pgno = lnpg; - r->pgno = rnpg; - l->nextpg = r->pgno; - r->prevpg = l->pgno; - l->prevpg = r->nextpg = P_INVALID; - l->lower = r->lower = BTDATAOFF; - l->upper = r->upper = t->bt_psize; - l->flags = r->flags = h->flags & P_TYPE; - - /* Split the root page. */ - tp = bt_psplit(t, h, l, r, skip, ilen); - - *lp = l; - *rp = r; - return (tp); -} - -/* - * BT_RROOT -- Fix up the recno root page after it has been split. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: root page - * l: left page - * r: right page - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -static int -bt_rroot(t, h, l, r) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h, *l, *r; -{ - char *dest; - - /* Insert the left and right keys, set the header information. */ - h->linp[0] = h->upper = t->bt_psize - NRINTERNAL; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_RINTERNAL(dest, - l->flags & P_RLEAF ? NEXTINDEX(l) : rec_total(l), l->pgno); - - h->linp[1] = h->upper -= NRINTERNAL; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_RINTERNAL(dest, - r->flags & P_RLEAF ? NEXTINDEX(r) : rec_total(r), r->pgno); - - h->lower = BTDATAOFF + 2 * sizeof(indx_t); - - /* Unpin the root page, set to recno internal page. */ - h->flags &= ~P_TYPE; - h->flags |= P_RINTERNAL; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * BT_BROOT -- Fix up the btree root page after it has been split. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: root page - * l: left page - * r: right page - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -static int -bt_broot(t, h, l, r) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h, *l, *r; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - BLEAF *bl; - u_int32_t nbytes; - char *dest; - - /* - * If the root page was a leaf page, change it into an internal page. - * We copy the key we split on (but not the key's data, in the case of - * a leaf page) to the new root page. - * - * The btree comparison code guarantees that the left-most key on any - * level of the tree is never used, so it doesn't need to be filled in. - */ - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(0); - h->linp[0] = h->upper = t->bt_psize - nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_BINTERNAL(dest, 0, l->pgno, 0); - - switch (h->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BLEAF: - bl = GETBLEAF(r, 0); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bl->ksize); - h->linp[1] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_BINTERNAL(dest, bl->ksize, r->pgno, 0); - memmove(dest, bl->bytes, bl->ksize); - - /* - * If the key is on an overflow page, mark the overflow chain - * so it isn't deleted when the leaf copy of the key is deleted. - */ - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY && - bt_preserve(t, *(db_pgno_t *)bl->bytes) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - break; - case P_BINTERNAL: - bi = GETBINTERNAL(r, 0); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bi->ksize); - h->linp[1] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - memmove(dest, bi, nbytes); - ((BINTERNAL *)dest)->pgno = r->pgno; - break; - default: - abort(); - } - - /* There are two keys on the page. */ - h->lower = BTDATAOFF + 2 * sizeof(indx_t); - - /* Unpin the root page, set to btree internal page. */ - h->flags &= ~P_TYPE; - h->flags |= P_BINTERNAL; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * BT_PSPLIT -- Do the real work of splitting the page. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * h: page to be split - * l: page to put lower half of data - * r: page to put upper half of data - * pskip: pointer to index to leave open - * ilen: insert length - * - * Returns: - * Pointer to page in which to insert. - */ -static PAGE * -bt_psplit(t, h, l, r, pskip, ilen) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h, *l, *r; - indx_t *pskip; - size_t ilen; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - BLEAF *bl; - CURSOR *c; - RLEAF *rl; - PAGE *rval; - void *src; - indx_t full, half, nxt, off, skip, top, used; - u_int32_t nbytes; - int bigkeycnt, isbigkey; - - /* - * Split the data to the left and right pages. Leave the skip index - * open. Additionally, make some effort not to split on an overflow - * key. This makes internal page processing faster and can save - * space as overflow keys used by internal pages are never deleted. - */ - bigkeycnt = 0; - skip = *pskip; - full = t->bt_psize - BTDATAOFF; - half = full / 2; - used = 0; - for (nxt = off = 0, top = NEXTINDEX(h); nxt < top; ++off) { - if (skip == off) { - nbytes = ilen; - isbigkey = 0; /* XXX: not really known. */ - } else - switch (h->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - src = bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, nxt); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bi->ksize); - isbigkey = bi->flags & P_BIGKEY; - break; - case P_BLEAF: - src = bl = GETBLEAF(h, nxt); - nbytes = NBLEAF(bl); - isbigkey = bl->flags & P_BIGKEY; - break; - case P_RINTERNAL: - src = GETRINTERNAL(h, nxt); - nbytes = NRINTERNAL; - isbigkey = 0; - break; - case P_RLEAF: - src = rl = GETRLEAF(h, nxt); - nbytes = NRLEAF(rl); - isbigkey = 0; - break; - default: - abort(); - } - - /* - * If the key/data pairs are substantial fractions of the max - * possible size for the page, it's possible to get situations - * where we decide to try and copy too much onto the left page. - * Make sure that doesn't happen. - */ - if ((skip <= off && used + nbytes + sizeof(indx_t) >= full) - || nxt == top - 1) { - --off; - break; - } - - /* Copy the key/data pair, if not the skipped index. */ - if (skip != off) { - ++nxt; - - l->linp[off] = l->upper -= nbytes; - memmove((char *)l + l->upper, src, nbytes); - } - - used += nbytes + sizeof(indx_t); - if (used >= half) { - if (!isbigkey || bigkeycnt == 3) - break; - else - ++bigkeycnt; - } - } - - /* - * Off is the last offset that's valid for the left page. - * Nxt is the first offset to be placed on the right page. - */ - l->lower += (off + 1) * sizeof(indx_t); - - /* - * If splitting the page that the cursor was on, the cursor has to be - * adjusted to point to the same record as before the split. If the - * cursor is at or past the skipped slot, the cursor is incremented by - * one. If the cursor is on the right page, it is decremented by the - * number of records split to the left page. - */ - c = &t->bt_cursor; - if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_INIT) && c->pg.pgno == h->pgno) { - if (c->pg.index >= skip) - ++c->pg.index; - if (c->pg.index < nxt) /* Left page. */ - c->pg.pgno = l->pgno; - else { /* Right page. */ - c->pg.pgno = r->pgno; - c->pg.index -= nxt; - } - } - - /* - * If the skipped index was on the left page, just return that page. - * Otherwise, adjust the skip index to reflect the new position on - * the right page. - */ - if (skip <= off) { - skip = 0; - rval = l; - } else { - rval = r; - *pskip -= nxt; - } - - for (off = 0; nxt < top; ++off) { - if (skip == nxt) { - ++off; - skip = 0; - } - switch (h->flags & P_TYPE) { - case P_BINTERNAL: - src = bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, nxt); - nbytes = NBINTERNAL(bi->ksize); - break; - case P_BLEAF: - src = bl = GETBLEAF(h, nxt); - nbytes = NBLEAF(bl); - break; - case P_RINTERNAL: - src = GETRINTERNAL(h, nxt); - nbytes = NRINTERNAL; - break; - case P_RLEAF: - src = rl = GETRLEAF(h, nxt); - nbytes = NRLEAF(rl); - break; - default: - abort(); - } - ++nxt; - r->linp[off] = r->upper -= nbytes; - memmove((char *)r + r->upper, src, nbytes); - } - r->lower += off * sizeof(indx_t); - - /* If the key is being appended to the page, adjust the index. */ - if (skip == top) - r->lower += sizeof(indx_t); - - return (rval); -} - -/* - * BT_PRESERVE -- Mark a chain of pages as used by an internal node. - * - * Chains of indirect blocks pointed to by leaf nodes get reclaimed when the - * record that references them gets deleted. Chains pointed to by internal - * pages never get deleted. This routine marks a chain as pointed to by an - * internal page. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * pg: page number of first page in the chain. - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -static int -bt_preserve(t, pg) - BTREE *t; - db_pgno_t pg; -{ - PAGE *h; - - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - h->flags |= P_PRESERVE; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * REC_TOTAL -- Return the number of recno entries below a page. - * - * Parameters: - * h: page - * - * Returns: - * The number of recno entries below a page. - * - * XXX - * These values could be set by the bt_psplit routine. The problem is that the - * entry has to be popped off of the stack etc. or the values have to be passed - * all the way back to bt_split/bt_rroot and it's not very clean. - */ -static recno_t -rec_total(h) - PAGE *h; -{ - recno_t recs; - indx_t nxt, top; - - for (recs = 0, nxt = 0, top = NEXTINDEX(h); nxt < top; ++nxt) - recs += GETRINTERNAL(h, nxt)->nrecs; - return (recs); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_utils.c b/src/util/db2/btree/bt_utils.c deleted file mode 100644 index 1a34598ad6..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/bt_utils.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,260 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_utils.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 7/20/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "btree.h" - -/* - * __bt_ret -- - * Build return key/data pair. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * e: key/data pair to be returned - * key: user's key structure (NULL if not to be filled in) - * rkey: memory area to hold key - * data: user's data structure (NULL if not to be filled in) - * rdata: memory area to hold data - * copy: always copy the key/data item - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__bt_ret(t, e, key, rkey, data, rdata, copy) - BTREE *t; - EPG *e; - DBT *key, *rkey, *data, *rdata; - int copy; -{ - BLEAF *bl; - void *p; - - bl = GETBLEAF(e->page, e->index); - - /* - * We must copy big keys/data to make them contigous. Otherwise, - * leave the page pinned and don't copy unless the user specified - * concurrent access. - */ - if (key == NULL) - goto dataonly; - - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY) { - if (__ovfl_get(t, bl->bytes, - &key->size, &rkey->data, &rkey->size)) - return (RET_ERROR); - key->data = rkey->data; - } else if (copy || F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) { - if (bl->ksize > rkey->size) { - p = (void *)(rkey->data == NULL ? - malloc(bl->ksize) : realloc(rkey->data, bl->ksize)); - if (p == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - rkey->data = p; - rkey->size = bl->ksize; - } - memmove(rkey->data, bl->bytes, bl->ksize); - key->size = bl->ksize; - key->data = rkey->data; - } else { - key->size = bl->ksize; - key->data = bl->bytes; - } - -dataonly: - if (data == NULL) - return (RET_SUCCESS); - - if (bl->flags & P_BIGDATA) { - if (__ovfl_get(t, bl->bytes + bl->ksize, - &data->size, &rdata->data, &rdata->size)) - return (RET_ERROR); - data->data = rdata->data; - } else if (copy || F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) { - /* Use +1 in case the first record retrieved is 0 length. */ - if (bl->dsize + 1 > rdata->size) { - p = (void *)(rdata->data == NULL ? - malloc(bl->dsize + 1) : - realloc(rdata->data, bl->dsize + 1)); - if (p == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - rdata->data = p; - rdata->size = bl->dsize + 1; - } - memmove(rdata->data, bl->bytes + bl->ksize, bl->dsize); - data->size = bl->dsize; - data->data = rdata->data; - } else { - data->size = bl->dsize; - data->data = bl->bytes + bl->ksize; - } - - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __BT_CMP -- Compare a key to a given record. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * k1: DBT pointer of first arg to comparison - * e: pointer to EPG for comparison - * - * Returns: - * < 0 if k1 is < record - * = 0 if k1 is = record - * > 0 if k1 is > record - */ -int -__bt_cmp(t, k1, e) - BTREE *t; - const DBT *k1; - EPG *e; -{ - BINTERNAL *bi; - BLEAF *bl; - DBT k2; - PAGE *h; - void *bigkey; - - /* - * The left-most key on internal pages, at any level of the tree, is - * guaranteed by the following code to be less than any user key. - * This saves us from having to update the leftmost key on an internal - * page when the user inserts a new key in the tree smaller than - * anything we've yet seen. - */ - h = e->page; - if (e->index == 0 && h->prevpg == P_INVALID && !(h->flags & P_BLEAF)) - return (1); - - bigkey = NULL; - if (h->flags & P_BLEAF) { - bl = GETBLEAF(h, e->index); - if (bl->flags & P_BIGKEY) - bigkey = bl->bytes; - else { - k2.data = bl->bytes; - k2.size = bl->ksize; - } - } else { - bi = GETBINTERNAL(h, e->index); - if (bi->flags & P_BIGKEY) - bigkey = bi->bytes; - else { - k2.data = bi->bytes; - k2.size = bi->ksize; - } - } - - if (bigkey) { - if (__ovfl_get(t, bigkey, - &k2.size, &t->bt_rdata.data, &t->bt_rdata.size)) - return (RET_ERROR); - k2.data = t->bt_rdata.data; - } - return ((*t->bt_cmp)(k1, &k2)); -} - -/* - * __BT_DEFCMP -- Default comparison routine. - * - * Parameters: - * a: DBT #1 - * b: DBT #2 - * - * Returns: - * < 0 if a is < b - * = 0 if a is = b - * > 0 if a is > b - */ -int -__bt_defcmp(a, b) - const DBT *a, *b; -{ - register size_t len; - register u_char *p1, *p2; - - /* - * XXX - * If a size_t doesn't fit in an int, this routine can lose. - * What we need is a integral type which is guaranteed to be - * larger than a size_t, and there is no such thing. - */ - len = MIN(a->size, b->size); - for (p1 = a->data, p2 = b->data; len--; ++p1, ++p2) - if (*p1 != *p2) - return ((int)*p1 - (int)*p2); - return ((int)a->size - (int)b->size); -} - -/* - * __BT_DEFPFX -- Default prefix routine. - * - * Parameters: - * a: DBT #1 - * b: DBT #2 - * - * Returns: - * Number of bytes needed to distinguish b from a. - */ -size_t -__bt_defpfx(a, b) - const DBT *a, *b; -{ - register u_char *p1, *p2; - register size_t cnt, len; - - cnt = 1; - len = MIN(a->size, b->size); - for (p1 = a->data, p2 = b->data; len--; ++p1, ++p2, ++cnt) - if (*p1 != *p2) - return (cnt); - - /* a->size must be <= b->size, or they wouldn't be in this order. */ - return (a->size < b->size ? a->size + 1 : a->size); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/btree.h b/src/util/db2/btree/btree.h deleted file mode 100644 index 171712749f..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/btree.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,383 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)btree.h 8.11 (Berkeley) 8/17/94 - */ - -/* Macros to set/clear/test flags. */ -#define F_SET(p, f) (p)->flags |= (f) -#define F_CLR(p, f) (p)->flags &= ~(f) -#define F_ISSET(p, f) ((p)->flags & (f)) - -#include "mpool.h" - -#define DEFMINKEYPAGE (2) /* Minimum keys per page */ -#define MINCACHE (5) /* Minimum cached pages */ -#define MINPSIZE (512) /* Minimum page size */ - -/* - * Page 0 of a btree file contains a copy of the meta-data. This page is also - * used as an out-of-band page, i.e. page pointers that point to nowhere point - * to page 0. Page 1 is the root of the btree. - */ -#define P_INVALID 0 /* Invalid tree page number. */ -#define P_META 0 /* Tree metadata page number. */ -#define P_ROOT 1 /* Tree root page number. */ - -/* - * There are five page layouts in the btree: btree internal pages (BINTERNAL), - * btree leaf pages (BLEAF), recno internal pages (RINTERNAL), recno leaf pages - * (RLEAF) and overflow pages. All five page types have a page header (PAGE). - * This implementation requires that values within structures NOT be padded. - * (ANSI C permits random padding.) If your compiler pads randomly you'll have - * to do some work to get this package to run. - */ -typedef struct _page { - db_pgno_t pgno; /* this page's page number */ - db_pgno_t prevpg; /* left sibling */ - db_pgno_t nextpg; /* right sibling */ - -#define P_BINTERNAL 0x01 /* btree internal page */ -#define P_BLEAF 0x02 /* leaf page */ -#define P_OVERFLOW 0x04 /* overflow page */ -#define P_RINTERNAL 0x08 /* recno internal page */ -#define P_RLEAF 0x10 /* leaf page */ -#define P_TYPE 0x1f /* type mask */ -#define P_PRESERVE 0x20 /* never delete this chain of pages */ - u_int32_t flags; - - indx_t lower; /* lower bound of free space on page */ - indx_t upper; /* upper bound of free space on page */ - indx_t linp[1]; /* indx_t-aligned VAR. LENGTH DATA */ -} PAGE; - -/* First and next index. */ -#define BTDATAOFF \ - (sizeof(db_pgno_t) + sizeof(db_pgno_t) + sizeof(db_pgno_t) + \ - sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(indx_t) + sizeof(indx_t)) -#define NEXTINDEX(p) (((p)->lower - BTDATAOFF) / sizeof(indx_t)) - -/* - * For pages other than overflow pages, there is an array of offsets into the - * rest of the page immediately following the page header. Each offset is to - * an item which is unique to the type of page. The h_lower offset is just - * past the last filled-in index. The h_upper offset is the first item on the - * page. Offsets are from the beginning of the page. - * - * If an item is too big to store on a single page, a flag is set and the item - * is a { page, size } pair such that the page is the first page of an overflow - * chain with size bytes of item. Overflow pages are simply bytes without any - * external structure. - * - * The page number and size fields in the items are db_pgno_t-aligned so they can - * be manipulated without copying. (This presumes that 32 bit items can be - * manipulated on this system.) - */ -#define LALIGN(n) (((n) + sizeof(db_pgno_t) - 1) & ~(sizeof(db_pgno_t) - 1)) -#define NOVFLSIZE (sizeof(db_pgno_t) + sizeof(u_int32_t)) - -/* - * For the btree internal pages, the item is a key. BINTERNALs are {key, pgno} - * pairs, such that the key compares less than or equal to all of the records - * on that page. For a tree without duplicate keys, an internal page with two - * consecutive keys, a and b, will have all records greater than or equal to a - * and less than b stored on the page associated with a. Duplicate keys are - * somewhat special and can cause duplicate internal and leaf page records and - * some minor modifications of the above rule. - */ -typedef struct _binternal { - u_int32_t ksize; /* key size */ - db_pgno_t pgno; /* page number stored on */ -#define P_BIGDATA 0x01 /* overflow data */ -#define P_BIGKEY 0x02 /* overflow key */ - u_char flags; - char bytes[1]; /* data */ -} BINTERNAL; - -/* Get the page's BINTERNAL structure at index indx. */ -#define GETBINTERNAL(pg, indx) \ - ((BINTERNAL *)((char *)(pg) + (pg)->linp[indx])) - -/* Get the number of bytes in the entry. */ -#define NBINTERNAL(len) \ - LALIGN(sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(db_pgno_t) + sizeof(u_char) + (len)) - -/* Copy a BINTERNAL entry to the page. */ -#define WR_BINTERNAL(p, size, pgno, flags) { \ - *(u_int32_t *)p = size; \ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); \ - *(db_pgno_t *)p = pgno; \ - p += sizeof(db_pgno_t); \ - *(u_char *)p = flags; \ - p += sizeof(u_char); \ -} - -/* - * For the recno internal pages, the item is a page number with the number of - * keys found on that page and below. - */ -typedef struct _rinternal { - recno_t nrecs; /* number of records */ - db_pgno_t pgno; /* page number stored below */ -} RINTERNAL; - -/* Get the page's RINTERNAL structure at index indx. */ -#define GETRINTERNAL(pg, indx) \ - ((RINTERNAL *)((char *)(pg) + (pg)->linp[indx])) - -/* Get the number of bytes in the entry. */ -#define NRINTERNAL \ - LALIGN(sizeof(recno_t) + sizeof(db_pgno_t)) - -/* Copy a RINTERAL entry to the page. */ -#define WR_RINTERNAL(p, nrecs, pgno) { \ - *(recno_t *)p = nrecs; \ - p += sizeof(recno_t); \ - *(db_pgno_t *)p = pgno; \ -} - -/* For the btree leaf pages, the item is a key and data pair. */ -typedef struct _bleaf { - u_int32_t ksize; /* size of key */ - u_int32_t dsize; /* size of data */ - u_char flags; /* P_BIGDATA, P_BIGKEY */ - char bytes[1]; /* data */ -} BLEAF; - -/* Get the page's BLEAF structure at index indx. */ -#define GETBLEAF(pg, indx) \ - ((BLEAF *)((char *)(pg) + (pg)->linp[indx])) - -/* Get the number of bytes in the entry. */ -#define NBLEAF(p) NBLEAFDBT((p)->ksize, (p)->dsize) - -/* Get the number of bytes in the user's key/data pair. */ -#define NBLEAFDBT(ksize, dsize) \ - LALIGN(sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(u_char) + \ - (ksize) + (dsize)) - -/* Copy a BLEAF entry to the page. */ -#define WR_BLEAF(p, key, data, flags) { \ - *(u_int32_t *)p = key->size; \ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); \ - *(u_int32_t *)p = data->size; \ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); \ - *(u_char *)p = flags; \ - p += sizeof(u_char); \ - memmove(p, key->data, key->size); \ - p += key->size; \ - memmove(p, data->data, data->size); \ -} - -/* For the recno leaf pages, the item is a data entry. */ -typedef struct _rleaf { - u_int32_t dsize; /* size of data */ - u_char flags; /* P_BIGDATA */ - char bytes[1]; -} RLEAF; - -/* Get the page's RLEAF structure at index indx. */ -#define GETRLEAF(pg, indx) \ - ((RLEAF *)((char *)(pg) + (pg)->linp[indx])) - -/* Get the number of bytes in the entry. */ -#define NRLEAF(p) NRLEAFDBT((p)->dsize) - -/* Get the number of bytes from the user's data. */ -#define NRLEAFDBT(dsize) \ - LALIGN(sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(u_char) + (dsize)) - -/* Copy a RLEAF entry to the page. */ -#define WR_RLEAF(p, data, flags) { \ - *(u_int32_t *)p = data->size; \ - p += sizeof(u_int32_t); \ - *(u_char *)p = flags; \ - p += sizeof(u_char); \ - memmove(p, data->data, data->size); \ -} - -/* - * A record in the tree is either a pointer to a page and an index in the page - * or a page number and an index. These structures are used as a cursor, stack - * entry and search returns as well as to pass records to other routines. - * - * One comment about searches. Internal page searches must find the largest - * record less than key in the tree so that descents work. Leaf page searches - * must find the smallest record greater than key so that the returned index - * is the record's correct position for insertion. - */ -typedef struct _epgno { - db_pgno_t pgno; /* the page number */ - indx_t index; /* the index on the page */ -} EPGNO; - -typedef struct _epg { - PAGE *page; /* the (pinned) page */ - indx_t index; /* the index on the page */ -} EPG; - -/* - * About cursors. The cursor (and the page that contained the key/data pair - * that it referenced) can be deleted, which makes things a bit tricky. If - * there are no duplicates of the cursor key in the tree (i.e. B_NODUPS is set - * or there simply aren't any duplicates of the key) we copy the key that it - * referenced when it's deleted, and reacquire a new cursor key if the cursor - * is used again. If there are duplicates keys, we move to the next/previous - * key, and set a flag so that we know what happened. NOTE: if duplicate (to - * the cursor) keys are added to the tree during this process, it is undefined - * if they will be returned or not in a cursor scan. - * - * The flags determine the possible states of the cursor: - * - * CURS_INIT The cursor references *something*. - * CURS_ACQUIRE The cursor was deleted, and a key has been saved so that - * we can reacquire the right position in the tree. - * CURS_AFTER, CURS_BEFORE - * The cursor was deleted, and now references a key/data pair - * that has not yet been returned, either before or after the - * deleted key/data pair. - * XXX - * This structure is broken out so that we can eventually offer multiple - * cursors as part of the DB interface. - */ -typedef struct _cursor { - EPGNO pg; /* B: Saved tree reference. */ - DBT key; /* B: Saved key, or key.data == NULL. */ - recno_t rcursor; /* R: recno cursor (1-based) */ - -#define CURS_ACQUIRE 0x01 /* B: Cursor needs to be reacquired. */ -#define CURS_AFTER 0x02 /* B: Unreturned cursor after key. */ -#define CURS_BEFORE 0x04 /* B: Unreturned cursor before key. */ -#define CURS_INIT 0x08 /* RB: Cursor initialized. */ - u_int8_t flags; -} CURSOR; - -/* - * The metadata of the tree. The nrecs field is used only by the RECNO code. - * This is because the btree doesn't really need it and it requires that every - * put or delete call modify the metadata. - */ -typedef struct _btmeta { - u_int32_t magic; /* magic number */ - u_int32_t version; /* version */ - u_int32_t psize; /* page size */ - u_int32_t free; /* page number of first free page */ - u_int32_t nrecs; /* R: number of records */ - -#define SAVEMETA (B_NODUPS | R_RECNO) - u_int32_t flags; /* bt_flags & SAVEMETA */ -} BTMETA; - -/* The in-memory btree/recno data structure. */ -typedef struct _btree { - MPOOL *bt_mp; /* memory pool cookie */ - - DB *bt_dbp; /* pointer to enclosing DB */ - - EPG bt_cur; /* current (pinned) page */ - PAGE *bt_pinned; /* page pinned across calls */ - - CURSOR bt_cursor; /* cursor */ - -#define BT_PUSH(t, p, i) { \ - t->bt_sp->pgno = p; \ - t->bt_sp->index = i; \ - ++t->bt_sp; \ -} -#define BT_POP(t) (t->bt_sp == t->bt_stack ? NULL : --t->bt_sp) -#define BT_CLR(t) (t->bt_sp = t->bt_stack) - EPGNO bt_stack[50]; /* stack of parent pages */ - EPGNO *bt_sp; /* current stack pointer */ - - DBT bt_rkey; /* returned key */ - DBT bt_rdata; /* returned data */ - - int bt_fd; /* tree file descriptor */ - - db_pgno_t bt_free; /* next free page */ - u_int32_t bt_psize; /* page size */ - indx_t bt_ovflsize; /* cut-off for key/data overflow */ - int bt_lorder; /* byte order */ - /* sorted order */ - enum { NOT, BACK, FORWARD } bt_order; - EPGNO bt_last; /* last insert */ - - /* B: key comparison function */ - int (*bt_cmp) __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); - /* B: prefix comparison function */ - size_t (*bt_pfx) __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); - /* R: recno input function */ - int (*bt_irec) __P((struct _btree *, recno_t)); - - FILE *bt_rfp; /* R: record FILE pointer */ - int bt_rfd; /* R: record file descriptor */ - - caddr_t bt_cmap; /* R: current point in mapped space */ - caddr_t bt_smap; /* R: start of mapped space */ - caddr_t bt_emap; /* R: end of mapped space */ - size_t bt_msize; /* R: size of mapped region. */ - - recno_t bt_nrecs; /* R: number of records */ - size_t bt_reclen; /* R: fixed record length */ - u_char bt_bval; /* R: delimiting byte/pad character */ - -/* - * NB: - * B_NODUPS and R_RECNO are stored on disk, and may not be changed. - */ -#define B_INMEM 0x00001 /* in-memory tree */ -#define B_METADIRTY 0x00002 /* need to write metadata */ -#define B_MODIFIED 0x00004 /* tree modified */ -#define B_NEEDSWAP 0x00008 /* if byte order requires swapping */ -#define B_RDONLY 0x00010 /* read-only tree */ - -#define B_NODUPS 0x00020 /* no duplicate keys permitted */ -#define R_RECNO 0x00080 /* record oriented tree */ - -#define R_CLOSEFP 0x00040 /* opened a file pointer */ -#define R_EOF 0x00100 /* end of input file reached. */ -#define R_FIXLEN 0x00200 /* fixed length records */ -#define R_MEMMAPPED 0x00400 /* memory mapped file. */ -#define R_INMEM 0x00800 /* in-memory file */ -#define R_MODIFIED 0x01000 /* modified file */ -#define R_RDONLY 0x02000 /* read-only file */ - -#define B_DB_LOCK 0x04000 /* DB_LOCK specified. */ -#define B_DB_SHMEM 0x08000 /* DB_SHMEM specified. */ -#define B_DB_TXN 0x10000 /* DB_TXN specified. */ - u_int32_t flags; -} BTREE; - -#include "extern.h" diff --git a/src/util/db2/btree/extern.h b/src/util/db2/btree/extern.h deleted file mode 100644 index 3aa88417e3..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/btree/extern.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,110 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)extern.h 8.11 (Berkeley) 1/9/95 - */ - -#define __bt_close __kdb2_bt_close -#define __bt_cmp __kdb2_bt_cmp -#define __bt_crsrdel __kdb2_bt_crsrdel -#define __bt_defcmp __kdb2_bt_defcmp -#define __bt_defpfx __kdb2_bt_defpfx -#define __bt_delete __kdb2_bt_delete -#define __bt_dleaf __kdb2_bt_deleaf -#define __bt_fd __kdb2_bt_fd -#define __bt_free __kdb2_bt_free -#define __bt_get __kdb2_bt_get -#define __bt_new __kdb2_bt_new -#define __bt_pgin __kdb2_bt_pgin -#define __bt_pgout __kdb2_bt_pgout -#define __bt_push __kdb2_bt_push -#define __bt_put __kdb2_bt_put -#define __bt_ret __kdb2_bt_ret -#define __bt_search __kdb2_bt_search -#define __bt_seq __kdb2_bt_seq -#define __bt_setcur __kdb2_bt_setcur -#define __bt_split __kdb2_bt_split -#define __bt_sync __kdb2_bt_sync -#define __ovfl_delete __kdb2_ovfl_delete -#define __ovfl_get __kdb2_ovfl_get -#define __ovfl_put __kdb2_ovfl_put -#define __bt_dnpage __kdb2_bt_dnpage -#define __bt_dmpage __kdb2_bt_dmpage -#define __bt_dpage __kdb2_bt_dpage -#define __bt_dump __kdb2_bt_dump -#define __bt_stat __kdb2_bt_stat - -#define bt_rcinit kdb2_bt_rcinit -#define bt_rcdestroy kdb2_bt_rcdestroy -#define bt_rcpush kdb2_bt_rcpush -#define bt_rcpop kdb2_bt_rcpop -#define bt_rcclr kdb2_bt_rcclr -#define bt_rcgrowstk kdb2_bt_rcgrowstk -#define bt_rseqset kdb2_bt_rseqset -#define bt_rseqadv kdb2_bt_rseqadv - -int __bt_close __P((DB *)); -int __bt_cmp __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, EPG *)); -int __bt_crsrdel __P((BTREE *, EPGNO *)); -int __bt_defcmp __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); -size_t __bt_defpfx __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); -int __bt_delete __P((const DB *, const DBT *, u_int)); -int __bt_dleaf __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, PAGE *, u_int)); -int __bt_fd __P((const DB *)); -int __bt_free __P((BTREE *, PAGE *)); -int __bt_get __P((const DB *, const DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); -PAGE *__bt_new __P((BTREE *, db_pgno_t *)); -void __bt_pgin __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); -void __bt_pgout __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); -int __bt_push __P((BTREE *, db_pgno_t, int)); -int __bt_put __P((const DB *dbp, DBT *, const DBT *, u_int)); -int __bt_ret __P((BTREE *, EPG *, DBT *, DBT *, DBT *, DBT *, int)); -EPG *__bt_search __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, int *)); -int __bt_seq __P((const DB *, DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); -void __bt_setcur __P((BTREE *, db_pgno_t, u_int)); -int __bt_split __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, - const DBT *, const DBT *, int, size_t, u_int32_t)); -int __bt_sync __P((const DB *, u_int)); - -int __ovfl_delete __P((BTREE *, void *)); -int __ovfl_get __P((BTREE *, void *, size_t *, void **, size_t *)); -int __ovfl_put __P((BTREE *, const DBT *, db_pgno_t *)); - -#ifdef DEBUG -int __bt_dnpage __P((DB *, db_pgno_t)); -int __bt_dpage __P((DB *, PAGE *)); -int __bt_dmpage __P((PAGE *)); -int __bt_dump __P((DB *)); -#endif -#ifdef STATISTICS -int __bt_stat __P((DB *)); -#endif diff --git a/src/util/db2/clib/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/clib/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index 3f3d2b8be4..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/clib/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/clib -mydir=clib -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS=@MEMMOVE_OBJ@ @MKSTEMP_OBJ@ @STRERROR_OBJ@ - -LOCALINCLUDES=-I../include - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/clib/memmove.c b/src/util/db2/clib/memmove.c deleted file mode 100644 index f9bf650a38..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/clib/memmove.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Chris Torek. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bcopy.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H -#include "config.h" -#endif - -#include <string.h> - -/* - * sizeof(word) MUST BE A POWER OF TWO - * SO THAT wmask BELOW IS ALL ONES - */ -typedef int word; /* "word" used for optimal copy speed */ - -#define wsize sizeof(word) -#define wmask (wsize - 1) - -/* - * Copy a block of memory, handling overlap. - * This is the routine that actually implements - * (the portable versions of) bcopy, memcpy, and memmove. - */ -#ifdef MEMCOPY -void * -memcpy(dst0, src0, length) -#else -#ifdef MEMMOVE -void * -memmove(dst0, src0, length) -#else -void -bcopy(src0, dst0, length) -#endif -#endif - void *dst0; - const void *src0; - register size_t length; -{ - register char *dst = dst0; - register const char *src = src0; - register size_t t; - - if (length == 0 || dst == src) /* nothing to do */ - goto done; - - /* - * Macros: loop-t-times; and loop-t-times, t>0 - */ -#define TLOOP(s) if (t) TLOOP1(s) -#define TLOOP1(s) do { s; } while (--t) - - if ((unsigned long)dst < (unsigned long)src) { - /* - * Copy forward. - */ - t = (int)src; /* only need low bits */ - if ((t | (int)dst) & wmask) { - /* - * Try to align operands. This cannot be done - * unless the low bits match. - */ - if ((t ^ (int)dst) & wmask || length < wsize) - t = length; - else - t = wsize - (t & wmask); - length -= t; - TLOOP1(*dst++ = *src++); - } - /* - * Copy whole words, then mop up any trailing bytes. - */ - t = length / wsize; - TLOOP(*(word *)dst = *(word *)src; src += wsize; dst += wsize); - t = length & wmask; - TLOOP(*dst++ = *src++); - } else { - /* - * Copy backwards. Otherwise essentially the same. - * Alignment works as before, except that it takes - * (t&wmask) bytes to align, not wsize-(t&wmask). - */ - src += length; - dst += length; - t = (int)src; - if ((t | (int)dst) & wmask) { - if ((t ^ (int)dst) & wmask || length <= wsize) - t = length; - else - t &= wmask; - length -= t; - TLOOP1(*--dst = *--src); - } - t = length / wsize; - TLOOP(src -= wsize; dst -= wsize; *(word *)dst = *(word *)src); - t = length & wmask; - TLOOP(*--dst = *--src); - } -done: -#if defined(MEMCOPY) || defined(MEMMOVE) - return (dst0); -#else - return; -#endif -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/clib/mkstemp.c b/src/util/db2/clib/mkstemp.c deleted file mode 100644 index 71dc7d17a1..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/clib/mkstemp.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,126 +0,0 @@ -/* - * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)mktemp.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H -#include "config.h" -#endif - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <ctype.h> - -#ifndef O_BINARY -#define O_BINARY 0 -#endif - -static int _gettemp(); - -mkstemp(path) - char *path; -{ - int fd; - - return (_gettemp(path, &fd) ? fd : -1); -} - -static -_gettemp(path, doopen) - char *path; - register int *doopen; -{ - register char *start, *trv; - struct stat sbuf; - u_int pid; - - pid = getpid(); - for (trv = path; *trv; ++trv); /* extra X's get set to 0's */ - while (*--trv == 'X') { - *trv = (pid % 10) + '0'; - pid /= 10; - } - - /* - * check the target directory; if you have six X's and it - * doesn't exist this runs for a *very* long time. - */ - for (start = trv + 1;; --trv) { - if (trv <= path) - break; - if (*trv == '/') { - *trv = '\0'; - if (stat(path, &sbuf)) - return(0); - if (!S_ISDIR(sbuf.st_mode)) { - errno = ENOTDIR; - return(0); - } - *trv = '/'; - break; - } - } - - for (;;) { - if (doopen) { - if ((*doopen = - open(path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0600)) >= 0) - return(1); - if (errno != EEXIST) - return(0); - } - else if (stat(path, &sbuf)) - return(errno == ENOENT ? 1 : 0); - - /* tricky little algorithm for backward compatibility */ - for (trv = start;;) { - if (!*trv) - return(0); - if (*trv == 'z') - *trv++ = 'a'; - else { - if (isdigit(*trv)) - *trv = 'a'; - else - ++*trv; - break; - } - } - } - /*NOTREACHED*/ -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/clib/strerror.c b/src/util/db2/clib/strerror.c deleted file mode 100644 index 0a509f79f2..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/clib/strerror.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,71 +0,0 @@ -/* - * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)strerror.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H -#include "config.h" -#endif - -#include <string.h> - -char * -strerror(num) - int num; -{ - extern int sys_nerr; - extern char *sys_errlist[]; -#define UPREFIX "Unknown error: " - static char ebuf[40] = UPREFIX; /* 64-bit number + slop */ - register unsigned int errnum; - register char *p, *t; - char tmp[40]; - - errnum = num; /* convert to unsigned */ - if (errnum < sys_nerr) - return(sys_errlist[errnum]); - - /* Do this by hand, so we don't include stdio(3). */ - t = tmp; - do { - *t++ = "0123456789"[errnum % 10]; - } while (errnum /= 10); - for (p = ebuf + sizeof(UPREFIX) - 1;;) { - *p++ = *--t; - if (t <= tmp) - break; - } - return(ebuf); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/configure.in b/src/util/db2/configure.in deleted file mode 100644 index dadaa48df0..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/configure.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,96 +0,0 @@ -dnl Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script. -K5_AC_INIT(db/db.c) -AC_CONFIG_HEADER(include/config.h include/db-config.h) -CONFIG_RULES - -AC_PATH_PROG(FALSE,false,:) -AC_PATH_PROG(SH,sh,$FALSE) -AC_PATH_PROG(SH5,sh5,$FALSE) -AC_PATH_PROG(BASH,bash,$FALSE) - -AC_CACHE_CHECK([checking for shell with functions],local_cv_program_fctsh, -[if $SH -c 'foo() { true; }; foo' > /dev/null 2>&1; then - local_cv_program_fctsh=$SH -else - if $SH5 -c 'foo() { true; }; foo' > /dev/null 2>&1; then - local_cv_program_fctsh=$SH5 - else - if $BASH -c 'foo() { true; }; foo' > /dev/null 2>&1; then - local_cv_program_fctsh=$BASH - else - local_cv_program_fctsh=$FALSE - fi - fi -fi]) - -FCTSH=$local_cv_program_fctsh -AC_SUBST(FCTSH) - -dnl checks for libraries -dnl checks for header files -AC_CHECK_HEADERS(unistd.h stdint.h inttypes.h) -dnl checks for typedefs -AC_TYPE_SIZE_T - -dnl AC_COMPILE_TYPE(TYPE, DEFAULT) -AC_DEFUN(AC_COMPILE_TYPE, -[AC_REQUIRE([AC_HEADER_STDC])dnl -AC_MSG_CHECKING(for $1) -AC_CACHE_VAL(ac_cv_type_$1, -[AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <sys/types.h> -#if STDC_HEADERS -#include <stdlib.h> -#endif], [$1 test_variable;], ac_cv_type_$1=yes, ac_cv_type_$1=no)])dnl -AC_MSG_RESULT($ac_cv_type_$1) -if test $ac_cv_type_$1 = no; then - AC_DEFINE($1, $2, [Define to \`$2' if not defined on system]) -fi -]) - - -AC_CHECK_TYPE(ssize_t, int) - -AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_char, unsigned char) -AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_int, unsigned int) -AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_long, unsigned long) - -AC_CHECK_TYPE(int8_t, signed char) -AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_int8_t, unsigned char) -AC_CHECK_TYPE(int16_t, short) -AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_int16_t, unsigned short) -AC_COMPILE_TYPE(int32_t, int) -AC_COMPILE_TYPE(u_int32_t, unsigned int) - -dnl checks for structures -dnl checks for compiler characteristics -dnl AC_C_BIGENDIAN - No, check at compile time; Darwin can build for multiple -dnl targets in one tree. -AC_CHECK_HEADERS(endian.h machine/endian.h sys/param.h) -dnl sys/param.h for AIX 4.3.3 (actually sys/machine.h) -dnl There's also sys/endian.h on IRIX, but we already check _MIPSE{L,B}. -AC_C_CONST -AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(int) - -dnl checks for library functions -AC_CHECK_FUNC(memmove, , -[MEMMOVE_OBJ=memmove.o -AC_DEFINE(memmove, kdb2__memmove,[Define to kdb2__memmove to provide private memmove function]) -AC_DEFINE(MEMMOVE,1,[Define if memmove.o is compiled in])]) -AC_SUBST(MEMMOVE_OBJ) - -AC_CHECK_FUNC(mkstemp, , -[MKSTEMP_OBJ=mkstemp.o -AC_DEFINE(mkstemp, kdb2__mkstemp,[Define to \`kdb2__mkstemp' to provide private mkstemp function])]) -AC_SUBST(MKSTEMP_OBJ) - -AC_CHECK_FUNC(strerror, , -[STRERROR_OBJ=strerror.o -AC_DEFINE(strerror, kdb2__strerror,[Define to \`kdb2__strerror' to provide private strerror function])]) -AC_SUBST(STRERROR_OBJ) - -KRB5_BUILD_LIBRARY -KRB5_BUILD_LIBOBJS -KRB5_BUILD_PROGRAM -KRB5_RUN_FLAGS -AC_CONFIG_FILES(include/generated.stmp:Makefile.in) -V5_AC_OUTPUT_MAKEFILE(. hash btree db mpool recno clib test) diff --git a/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index b173b0d79e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/db -mydir=db -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS=db.o - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../mpool - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index 59478ba198..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/db/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/db - -SRCS+= db.c diff --git a/src/util/db2/db/db.c b/src/util/db2/db/db.c deleted file mode 100644 index fba7795342..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/db/db.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,99 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)db.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 2/21/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <stddef.h> -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" - -DB * -kdb2_dbopen(fname, flags, mode, type, openinfo) - const char *fname; - int flags, mode; - DBTYPE type; - const void *openinfo; -{ - -#define DB_FLAGS (DB_LOCK | DB_SHMEM | DB_TXN) -#define USE_OPEN_FLAGS \ - (O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_EXLOCK | O_NONBLOCK | O_RDONLY | \ - O_RDWR | O_SHLOCK | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY) - - if ((flags & ~(USE_OPEN_FLAGS | DB_FLAGS)) == 0) - switch (type) { - case DB_BTREE: - return (__bt_open(fname, flags & USE_OPEN_FLAGS, - mode, openinfo, flags & DB_FLAGS)); - case DB_HASH: - return (__hash_open(fname, flags & USE_OPEN_FLAGS, - mode, openinfo, flags & DB_FLAGS)); - case DB_RECNO: - return (__rec_open(fname, flags & USE_OPEN_FLAGS, - mode, openinfo, flags & DB_FLAGS)); - } - errno = EINVAL; - return (NULL); -} - -static int -__dberr() -{ - return (RET_ERROR); -} - -/* - * __DBPANIC -- Stop. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to the DB structure. - */ -void -__dbpanic(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - /* The only thing that can succeed is a close. */ - dbp->del = (int (*)())__dberr; - dbp->fd = (int (*)())__dberr; - dbp->get = (int (*)())__dberr; - dbp->put = (int (*)())__dberr; - dbp->seq = (int (*)())__dberr; - dbp->sync = (int (*)())__dberr; -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/btree.3.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/btree.3.ps deleted file mode 100644 index c79c97232c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/btree.3.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,366 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 2 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 132.34(BTREE\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 132.34(anual BTREE\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 84 S -(ME).18 E F0(btree \255 btree database access method)108 96 Q F1(SYNOPSIS)72 -112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <sys/types.h>)108 124.8 Q(#include <db) -108 136.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 153.6 Q F0 .198(The routine)108 165.6 R -/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbopen)2.698 E F0 .198(is the library interf)2.698 F -.198(ace to database \214les.)-.1 F .198 -(One of the supported \214le formats is btree \214les.)5.198 F .974 -(The general description of the database access methods is in)108 177.6 R F3 -(dbopen)3.475 E F0 .975(\(3\), this manual page describes only).24 F -(the btree speci\214c information.)108 189.6 Q(The btree data structure is a s\ -orted, balanced tree structure storing associated k)108 206.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(/data pairs.).15 E .504(The btree access method speci\214c data structure pro) -108 223.2 R .504(vided to)-.15 F F3(dbopen)3.004 E F0 .503 -(is de\214ned in the <db)3.003 F .503(.h> include \214le as)-.4 F(follo)108 -235.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E(typedef struct {)108 252 Q(u_long \215ags;)144 264 Q -(u_int cachesize;)144 276 Q(inde)144 288 Q(x_t psize;)-.15 E(int lorder;)144 -300 Q(int mink)144 312 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(page;).15 E -(int \(*compare\)\(const DBT *k)144 324 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(1, const DBT *k).15 E --.15(ey)-.1 G(2\);).15 E(int \(*pre\214x\)\(const DBT *k)144 336 Q -.15(ey)-.1 -G(1, const DBT *k).15 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(2\);).15 E 2.5(}B)108 348 S(TREEINFO;) -121.97 348 Q(The elements of this structure are as follo)108 364.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E -14.61(\215ags The)108 381.6 R(\215ag v)2.5 E(alue is speci\214ed by)-.25 E F3 -(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)313.2 381.6 S(he follo)321.81 -381.6 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_DUP)144 398.4 Q 1.296(Permit duplicate k) -180 410.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.796(si).15 G 3.796(nt)275.578 410.4 S 1.296 -(he tree, i.e. permit insertion if the k)287.154 410.4 R 1.596 -.15(ey t)-.1 H -3.796(ob).15 G 3.796(ei)466.878 410.4 S 1.296(nserted already)477.894 410.4 R --.15(ex)180 422.4 S 1.935(ists in the tree.).15 F 1.935(The def)6.935 F 1.935 -(ault beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.435(,a)-.4 G 4.435(sd)358.215 422.4 S 1.935 -(escribed in)371.54 422.4 R F3(dbopen)4.435 E F0 1.935(\(3\), is to o).24 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 1.935(rwrite a).15 F .148(matching k)180 434.4 R .448 -.15(ey w) --.1 H .148(hen inserting a ne).15 F 2.649(wk)-.25 G .449 -.15(ey o)329.709 -434.4 T 2.649(rt).15 G 2.649(of)355.407 434.4 S .149(ail if the R_NOO)366.286 -434.4 R(VER)-.5 E .149(WRITE \215ag is speci-)-.55 F 5.972(\214ed. The)180 -446.4 R 3.472(R_DUP \215ag is o)5.972 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.472 -(rridden by the R_NOO).15 F(VER)-.5 E 3.471(WRITE \215ag, and if the)-.55 F -(R_NOO)180 458.4 Q(VER)-.5 E .781 -(WRITE \215ag is speci\214ed, attempts to insert duplicate k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 -G 3.282(si).15 G .782(nto the tree will)474.604 458.4 R -.1(fa)180 470.4 S(il.) -.1 E 1.13(If the database contains duplicate k)180 487.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.129 -(s, the order of retrie).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.629(lo).25 G 3.629(fk)439.644 -487.2 S -.15(ey)451.503 487.2 S 1.129(/data pairs is unde-).15 F .837 -(\214ned if the)180 499.2 R F3 -.1(ge)3.337 G(t).1 E F0 .837 -(routine is used, ho)3.337 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F3(seq)3.737 -E F0 .838(routine calls with the R_CURSOR \215ag set)3.337 F(will al)180 511.2 -Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys return the logical `).1 E(`\214rst')-.74 E 2.5('o)-.74 G 2.5 -(fa)333.85 511.2 S .3 -.15(ny g)344.12 511.2 T(roup of duplicate k).15 E -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E(cachesize)108 528 Q 3.056(As)144 540 S .556 -(uggested maximum size \(in bytes\) of the memory cache.)158.166 540 R .555 -(This v)5.556 F .555(alue is)-.25 F F2(only)3.055 E F0(advisory)3.055 E 3.055 -(,a)-.65 G .555(nd the)514.725 540 R .759 -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)144 552 R 3.259 -(ail. Since)-.1 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)3.259 H .76(ry search e).25 F .76 -(xamines the root)-.15 F .055 -(page of the tree, caching the most recently used pages substantially impro)144 -564 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.554(sa).15 G .054(ccess time.)459.578 564 R .054 -(In addi-)5.054 F .661(tion, ph)144 576 R .662(ysical writes are delayed as lo\ -ng as possible, so a moderate cache can reduce the number)-.05 F .601 -(of I/O operations signi\214cantly)144 588 R 5.601(.O)-.65 G -.15(bv)280.744 -588 S(iously).15 E 3.101(,u)-.65 G .601(sing a cache increases \(b)324.995 588 -R .6(ut only increases\) the lik)-.2 F(eli-)-.1 E .19(hood of corruption or lo\ -st data if the system crashes while a tree is being modi\214ed.)144 600 R(If) -5.191 E F3(cac)2.691 E(hesize)-.15 E F0(is)2.691 E 2.5(0\()144 612 S -(no size is speci\214ed\) a def)154.83 612 Q(ault cache is used.)-.1 E 12.95 -(psize P)108 628.8 R .45 -(age size is the size \(in bytes\) of the pages used for nodes in the tree.) --.15 F .449(The minimum page size is)5.449 F .442 -(512 bytes and the maximum page size is 64K.)144 640.8 R(If)5.442 E F3(psize) -2.942 E F0 .442(is 0 \(no page size is speci\214ed\) a page size)2.942 F -(is chosen based on the underlying \214le system I/O block size.)144 652.8 Q -9.62(lorder The)108 669.6 R 1.597(byte order for inte)4.097 F 1.596 -(gers in the stored database metadata.)-.15 F 1.596 -(The number should represent the)6.596 F .688(order as an inte)144 681.6 R .689 -(ger; for e)-.15 F .689(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .689 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.689 E F3(lor)3.189 E(der)-.37 E F0 .689 -(is 0 \(no)3.189 F(order is speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.)144 -693.6 Q 174.135(4.4BSD June)72 732 R(4, 1993)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 132.34(BTREE\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 132.34(anual BTREE\(3\))340.17 48 R(mink)108 84 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(page).15 -E 1.423(The minimum number of k)144 96 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.923(sw).15 G 1.422 -(hich will be stored on an)282.245 96 R 3.922(ys)-.15 G 1.422(ingle page.) -400.618 96 R 1.422(This v)6.422 F 1.422(alue is used to)-.25 F .257 -(determine which k)144 108 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.757(sw).15 G .257 -(ill be stored on o)242.001 108 R -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 2.757(wp)-.25 G -.257(ages, i.e. if a k)348.006 108 R .558 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.758(rd).15 G .258 -(ata item is longer than the)435.11 108 R 1.102(pagesize di)144 120 R 1.102 -(vided by the mink)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.102(page v).15 F 1.102 -(alue, it will be stored on o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 3.602(wp)-.25 -G 1.102(ages instead of in the)451.164 120 R(page itself.)144 132 Q(If)5 E/F1 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mink)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G(pa).3 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F0 -(is 0 \(no minimum number of k)2.6 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ss)392.84 -132 S(peci\214ed\) a v)403.12 132 Q(alue of 2 is used.)-.25 E(compare)108 148.8 -Q .751(Compare is the k)144 160.8 R 1.051 -.15(ey c)-.1 H .751 -(omparison function.).15 F .751(It must return an inte)5.751 F .752 -(ger less than, equal to, or greater)-.15 F .913(than zero if the \214rst k)144 -172.8 R 1.213 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G .913 -(ument is considered to be respecti).18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .913 -(ly less than, equal to, or greater).15 F .352(than the second k)144 184.8 R -.652 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G 2.852(ument. The).18 F .353 -(same comparison function must be used on a gi)2.852 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.853(nt) -.15 G .353(ree e)503.127 184.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E .817 -(time it is opened.)144 196.8 R(If)5.817 E F1(compar)3.317 E(e)-.37 E F0 .817 -(is NULL \(no comparison function is speci\214ed\), the k)3.317 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -3.316(sa).15 G .816(re com-)508.364 196.8 R(pared le)144 208.8 Q(xically)-.15 E -2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith shorter k)214.57 208.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sc).15 G -(onsidered less than longer k)282.92 208.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 10.17 -(pre\214x Pre\214x)108 225.6 R .291(is the pre\214x comparison function.)2.791 -F .292(If speci\214ed, this routine must return the number of bytes)5.291 F -.937(of the second k)144 237.6 R 1.237 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G .937 -(ument which are necessary to determine that it is greater than the \214rst k) -.18 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(ar)144 249.6 Q 3.477(gument. If)-.18 F .977(the k)3.477 F --.15(ey)-.1 G 3.477(sa).15 G .977(re equal, the k)241.898 249.6 R 1.277 -.15 -(ey l)-.1 H .978(ength should be returned.).15 F .978 -(Note, the usefulness of this)5.978 F .558(routine is v)144 261.6 R .558 -(ery data dependent, b)-.15 F .558 -(ut, in some data sets can produce signi\214cantly reduced tree sizes)-.2 F -.354(and search times.)144 273.6 R(If)5.354 E F1(pr)2.854 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 -.354(is NULL \(no pre\214x function is speci\214ed\),)2.854 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(and)2.854 E F0 .354(no comparison function)2.854 F .193 -(is speci\214ed, a def)144 285.6 R .193(ault le)-.1 F .193 -(xical comparison routine is used.)-.15 F(If)5.192 E F1(pr)2.692 E(e\214x)-.37 -E F0 .192(is NULL and a comparison rou-)2.692 F -(tine is speci\214ed, no pre\214x comparison is done.)144 297.6 Q .79 -(If the \214le already e)108 314.4 R .79(xists \(and the O_TR)-.15 F .79 -(UNC \215ag is not speci\214ed\), the v)-.4 F .79 -(alues speci\214ed for the parameters)-.25 F -(\215ags, lorder and psize are ignored in f)108 326.4 Q -.2(avo)-.1 G 2.5(ro).2 -G 2.5(ft)284.4 326.4 S(he v)293.01 326.4 Q(alues used when the tree w)-.25 E -(as created.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)108 343.2 S(rw).15 E -(ard sequential scans of a tree are from the least k)-.1 E .3 -.15(ey t)-.1 H -2.5(ot).15 G(he greatest.)348.55 343.2 Q 1.043(Space freed up by deleting k)108 -360 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.043(/data pairs from the tree is ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.543(rr).15 G 1.043(eclaimed, although it is normally made)378.686 360 R -.2 -(av)108 372 S 1.394(ailable for reuse.)-.05 F 1.394 -(This means that the btree storage structure is gro)6.394 F(w-only)-.25 E 6.395 -(.T)-.65 G 1.395(he only solutions are to)441.09 372 R -.2(avo)108 384 S(id e) -.2 E(xcessi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve d)-.25 H -(eletions, or to create a fresh tree periodically from a scan of an e).15 E -(xisting one.)-.15 E .344(Searches, insertions, and deletions in a btree will \ -all complete in O lg base N where base is the a)108 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .343 -(rage \214ll).15 F -.1(fa)108 412.8 S(ctor).1 E 5.798(.O)-.55 G .799 -(ften, inserting ordered data into btrees results in a lo)146.188 412.8 R 3.299 -<778c>-.25 G .799(ll f)377.505 412.8 R(actor)-.1 E 5.799(.T)-.55 G .799 -(his implementation has been)423.443 412.8 R(modi\214ed to mak)108 424.8 Q 2.5 -(eo)-.1 G(rdered insertion the best case, resulting in a much better than norm\ -al page \214ll f)185.4 424.8 Q(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(SEE ALSO)72 441.6 Q F1(dbopen)108 453.6 Q F0(\(3\),).24 E F1(hash)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).28 E F1(mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0 -(\(3\)).18 E F1(The Ubiquitous B-tr)108 477.6 Q(ee)-.37 E F0 2.5(,D).18 G -(ouglas Comer)209.47 477.6 Q 2.5(,A)-.4 G(CM Comput. Surv)276.72 477.6 Q 2.5 -(.1)-.65 G(1, 2 \(June 1979\), 121-138.)360.25 477.6 Q F1(Pr)108 501.6 Q 1.588 -(e\214x B-tr)-.37 F(ees)-.37 E F0 4.088(,B).27 G 1.587(ayer and Unterauer) -177.636 501.6 R 4.087(,A)-.4 G 1.587(CM T)270.447 501.6 R 1.587 -(ransactions on Database Systems, V)-.35 F 1.587(ol. 2, 1 \(March 1977\),)-1.29 -F(11-26.)108 513.6 Q F1(The Art of Computer Pr)108 537.6 Q -.1(og)-.45 G -.15 -(ra).1 G(mming V).15 E(ol. 3: Sorting and Sear)-1.11 E -.15(ch)-.37 G(ing).15 E -F0 2.5(,D).22 G(.E. Knuth, 1968, pp 471-480.)382 537.6 Q F3 -.09(BU)72 554.4 S -(GS).09 E F0(Only big and little endian byte order is supported.)108 566.4 Q -174.135(4.4BSD June)72 732 R(4, 1993)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/dbopen.3.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/dbopen.3.ps deleted file mode 100644 index c621bef97d..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/dbopen.3.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,508 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 4 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.01(DBOPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.01(anual DBOPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 -84 S(ME).18 E F0(dbopen \255 database access methods)108 96 Q F1(SYNOPSIS)72 -112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <sys/types.h>)108 124.8 Q -(#include <limits.h>)108 136.8 Q(#include <db)108 148.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E(DB *)108 -172.8 Q(dbopen\(const char *\214le, int \215ags, int mode, DBTYPE type,)108 -184.8 Q(const v)158 196.8 Q(oid *openinf)-.1 E(o\);)-.25 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 -213.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Dbopen)108 225.6 Q F0 .032 -(is the library interf)2.532 F .031(ace to database \214les.)-.1 F .031 -(The supported \214le formats are btree, hashed and UNIX \214le)5.031 F 2.82 -(oriented. The)108 237.6 R .32 -(btree format is a representation of a sorted, balanced tree structure.)2.82 F -.321(The hashed format is an)5.321 F -.15(ex)108 249.6 S .424 -(tensible, dynamic hashing scheme.).15 F .423 -(The \215at-\214le format is a byte stream \214le with \214x)5.423 F .423 -(ed or v)-.15 F .423(ariable length)-.25 F 2.906(records. The)108 261.6 R .407 -(formats and \214le format speci\214c information are described in detail in t\ -heir respecti)2.906 F .707 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(anual).15 E(pages)108 273.6 Q F3 -(btr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F3(hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\) and).28 E F3 -.37 -(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E .433(Dbopen opens)108 290.4 R F3(\214le) -2.933 E F0 .433(for reading and/or writing.)2.933 F .433(Files ne)5.433 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.933(ri).15 G .433(ntended to be preserv)346.737 290.4 R .433 -(ed on disk may be created)-.15 F(by setting the \214le parameter to NULL.)108 -302.4 Q(The)108 319.2 Q F3<8d61>4.661 E(gs)-.1 E F0(and)4.661 E F3 2.161 -(mode ar)4.661 F(guments)-.37 E F0 2.161(are as speci\214ed to the)4.661 F F3 -(open)4.661 E F0 2.162(\(2\) routine, ho).24 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.962 --.4(r, o).15 H 2.162(nly the O_CREA).4 F -.74(T,)-1.11 G .128 -(O_EXCL, O_EXLOCK, O_NONBLOCK, O_RDONL)108 331.2 R 2.708 -1.29(Y, O)-1 H(_RD) -1.29 E .128(WR, O_SHLOCK and O_TR)-.3 F .127(UNC \215ags are)-.4 F 2.5 -(meaningful. \(Note,)108 343.2 R(opening a database \214le O_WR)2.5 E(ONL)-.4 E -2.5(Yi)-1 G 2.5(sn)342.67 343.2 S(ot possible.\))354.06 343.2 Q(The)108 360 Q -F3(type)5.337 E F0(ar)5.337 E 2.837 -(gument is of type DBTYPE \(as de\214ned in the <db)-.18 F 2.838 -(.h> include \214le\) and may be set to)-.4 F(DB_BTREE, DB_HASH or DB_RECNO.) -108 372 Q(The)108 388.8 Q F3(openinfo)2.85 E F0(ar)2.85 E .349(gument is a poi\ -nter to an access method speci\214c structure described in the access method') --.18 F(s)-.55 E .03(manual page.)108 400.8 R(If)5.03 E F3(openinfo)2.53 E F0 -.031(is NULL, each access method will use def)2.53 F .031 -(aults appropriate for the system and the)-.1 F(access method.)108 412.8 Q F3 -(Dbopen)108 429.6 Q F0 .416 -(returns a pointer to a DB structure on success and NULL on error)2.917 F 5.416 -(.T)-.55 G .416(he DB structure is de\214ned in)423.21 429.6 R(the <db)108 -441.6 Q(.h> include \214le, and contains at least the follo)-.4 E -(wing \214elds:)-.25 E(typedef struct {)108 465.6 Q(DBTYPE type;)144 477.6 Q -(int \(*close\)\(const DB *db\);)144 489.6 Q -(int \(*del\)\(const DB *db, const DBT *k)144 501.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,u)-.5 -G(_int \215ags\);)318.92 501.6 Q(int \(*fd\)\(const DB *db\);)144 513.6 Q -(int \(*get\)\(const DB *db, DBT *k)144 525.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,D)-.5 G -(BT *data, u_int \215ags\);)297.53 525.6 Q(int \(*put\)\(const DB *db, DBT *k) -144 537.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,c)-.5 G(onst DBT *data,)295.31 537.6 Q -(u_int \215ags\);)194 549.6 Q(int \(*sync\)\(const DB *db, u_int \215ags\);)144 -561.6 Q(int \(*seq\)\(const DB *db, DBT *k)144 573.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,D)-.5 -G(BT *data, u_int \215ags\);)298.64 573.6 Q 2.5(}D)108 585.6 S(B;)122.52 585.6 -Q .101 -(These elements describe a database type and a set of functions performing v) -108 602.4 R .101(arious actions.)-.25 F .101(These functions)5.101 F(tak)108 -614.4 Q 3.039(eap)-.1 G .539(ointer to a structure as returned by)140.078 614.4 -R F3(dbopen)3.038 E F0 3.038(,a).24 G .538 -(nd sometimes one or more pointers to k)323.196 614.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .538 -(/data struc-).15 F(tures and a \215ag v)108 626.4 Q(alue.)-.25 E 16.28 -(type The)108 643.2 R -(type of the underlying access method \(and \214le format\).)2.5 E 12.95 -(close A)108 660 R .988(pointer to a routine to \215ush an)3.488 F 3.489(yc) --.15 G .989(ached information to disk, free an)293.968 660 R 3.489(ya)-.15 G -.989(llocated resources, and)446.662 660 R .112 -(close the underlying \214le\(s\).)144 672 R .111(Since k)5.112 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.111(/data pairs may be cached in memory).15 F 2.611(,f)-.65 G .111 -(ailing to sync the \214le)455.666 672 R .494(with a)144 684 R F3(close)2.994 E -F0(or)2.994 E F3(sync)2.994 E F0 .495 -(function may result in inconsistent or lost information.)2.994 F F3(Close) -5.495 E F0 .495(routines return)2.995 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 -G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 89.875(ution September)-.2 F(13, 1993)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q -EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.01(DBOPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.01(anual DBOPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R(-1 on error \(setting)144 84 Q -/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(\)a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)254.43 -84 Q 21.28(del A)108 100.8 R(pointer to a routine to remo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve k) --.15 H -.15(ey).05 G(/data pairs from the database.).15 E(The parameter)144 -117.6 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(may be set to the follo)2.5 E(wing v)-.25 E -(alue:)-.25 E(R_CURSOR)144 134.4 Q .289 -(Delete the record referenced by the cursor)180 146.4 R 5.288(.T)-.55 G .288 -(he cursor must ha)363.342 146.4 R .588 -.15(ve p)-.2 H(re).15 E .288 -(viously been initial-)-.25 F(ized.)180 158.4 Q F1(Delete)144 175.2 Q F0 .03 -(routines return -1 on error \(setting)2.53 F F1(errno)2.53 E F0 .03 -(\), 0 on success, and 1 if the speci\214ed).18 F F1 -.1(ke)2.53 G(y)-.2 E F0 --.1(wa)2.53 G 2.53(sn).1 G .03(ot in)521.91 175.2 R(the \214le.)144 187.2 Q -25.17(fd A)108 204 R .451 -(pointer to a routine which returns a \214le descriptor representati)2.951 F -.75 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.95(ft).15 G .45(he underlying database.)431.73 204 R(A) -5.45 E .942(\214le descriptor referencing the same \214le will be returned to \ -all processes which call)144 216 R F1(dbopen)3.442 E F0(with)3.442 E 1.629 -(the same)144 228 R F1(\214le)4.129 E F0 4.129(name. This)4.129 F 1.628 -(\214le descriptor may be safely used as a ar)4.128 F 1.628(gument to the)-.18 -F F1(fcntl)4.128 E F0 1.628(\(2\) and).51 F F1(\215oc)144 240 Q(k)-.2 E F0 .425 -(\(2\) locking functions.).67 F .425 -(The \214le descriptor is not necessarily associated with an)5.425 F 2.925(yo) --.15 G 2.925(ft)492.7 240 S .425(he under)501.735 240 R(-)-.2 E .198 -(lying \214les used by the access method.)144 252 R .198 -(No \214le descriptor is a)5.198 F -.25(va)-.2 G .198 -(ilable for in memory databases.).25 F F1(Fd)5.198 E F0 -(routines return -1 on error \(setting)144 264 Q F1(errno)2.5 E F0 -(\), and the \214le descriptor on success.).18 E 21.28(get A)108 280.8 R -(pointer to a routine which is the interf)2.5 E .001(ace for k)-.1 F -.15(ey) --.1 G .001(ed retrie).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.501(lf).25 G .001 -(rom the database.)399.755 280.8 R .001(The address and)5.001 F .061 -(length of the data associated with the speci\214ed)144 292.8 R F1 -.1(ke)2.561 -G(y)-.2 E F0 .06(are returned in the structure referenced by)2.561 F F1(data) -2.56 E F0(.).26 E F1(Get)144 304.8 Q F0(routines return -1 on error \(setting) -2.5 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0(\), 0 on success, and 1 if the).18 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y) --.2 E F0 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sn).1 G(ot in the \214le.)471.66 304.8 Q 20.72(put A) -108 321.6 R(pointer to a routine to store k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(/data pairs in the database.).15 E(The parameter)144 338.4 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g) --.1 E F0(may be set to one of the follo)2.5 E(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E -(R_CURSOR)144 355.2 Q .051(Replace the k)180 367.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .051 -(/data pair referenced by the cursor).15 F 5.052(.T)-.55 G .052 -(he cursor must ha)393.98 367.2 R .352 -.15(ve p)-.2 H(re).15 E .052 -(viously been)-.25 F(initialized.)180 379.2 Q(R_IAFTER)144 396 Q 1.165 -(Append the data immediately after the data referenced by)180 408 R F1 -.1(ke) -3.664 G(y)-.2 E F0 3.664(,c).32 G 1.164(reating a ne)446.758 408 R 3.664(wk) --.25 G -.15(ey)511.27 408 S(/data).15 E(pair)180 420 Q 6.065(.T)-.55 G 1.065 -(he record number of the appended k)209.675 420 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.065 -(/data pair is returned in the).15 F F1 -.1(ke)3.565 G(y)-.2 E F0(structure.) -3.565 E(\(Applicable only to the DB_RECNO access method.\))180 432 Q(R_IBEFORE) -144 448.8 Q 1.293(Insert the data immediately before the data referenced by)180 -460.8 R F1 -.1(ke)3.793 G(y)-.2 E F0 3.793(,c).32 G 1.293(reating a ne)446.371 -460.8 R 3.793(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)511.27 460.8 S(/data).15 E(pair)180 472.8 Q -6.54(.T)-.55 G 1.54(he record number of the inserted k)210.15 472.8 R -.15(ey) --.1 G 1.541(/data pair is returned in the).15 F F1 -.1(ke)4.041 G(y)-.2 E F0 -(structure.)4.041 E(\(Applicable only to the DB_RECNO access method.\))180 -484.8 Q(R_NOO)144 501.6 Q(VER)-.5 E(WRITE)-.55 E(Enter the ne)180 513.6 Q 2.5 -(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)242.69 513.6 S(/data pair only if the k).15 E .3 -.15(ey d) --.1 H(oes not pre).15 E(viously e)-.25 E(xist.)-.15 E(R_SETCURSOR)144 530.4 Q -1.36(Store the k)180 542.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.36(/data pair).15 F 3.86(,s)-.4 G -1.359(etting or initializing the position of the cursor to reference it.)283.94 -542.4 R(\(Applicable only to the DB_BTREE and DB_RECNO access methods.\))180 -554.4 Q .563(R_SETCURSOR is a)144 571.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G .564 -(ilable only for the DB_BTREE and DB_RECNO access methods because).25 F -(it implies that the k)144 583.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sh).15 G -2.25 -.2(av e) -241.81 583.2 T(an inherent order which does not change.)2.7 E .416 -(R_IAFTER and R_IBEFORE are a)144 600 R -.25(va)-.2 G .416 -(ilable only for the DB_RECNO access method because the).25 F(y)-.15 E 1.221 -(each imply that the access method is able to create ne)144 612 R 3.722(wk)-.25 -G -.15(ey)385.644 612 S 3.722(s. This).15 F 1.222(is only true if the k)3.722 F --.15(ey)-.1 G 3.722(sa).15 G(re)532.23 612 Q -(ordered and independent, record numbers for e)144 624 Q(xample.)-.15 E .289 -(The def)144 640.8 R .289(ault beha)-.1 F .289(vior of the)-.2 F F1(put)2.789 E -F0 .289(routines is to enter the ne)2.789 F 2.789(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)388.998 -640.8 S .288(/data pair).15 F 2.788(,r)-.4 G .288(eplacing an)444.284 640.8 R -2.788(yp)-.15 G(re)503.03 640.8 Q(viously)-.25 E -.15(ex)144 652.8 S(isting k) -.15 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E F1(Put)144 669.6 Q F0 .37 -(routines return -1 on error \(setting)2.87 F F1(errno)2.87 E F0 .37 -(\), 0 on success, and 1 if the R_NOO).18 F(VER)-.5 E(WRITE)-.55 E F1<8d61>2.87 -E(g)-.1 E F0 -.1(wa)144 681.6 S 2.5(ss).1 G(et and the k)165.84 681.6 Q .3 -.15 -(ey a)-.1 H(lready e).15 E(xists in the \214le.)-.15 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele) --.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 89.875(ution September)-.2 F(13, 1993) -2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 3 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.01(DBOPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.01(anual DBOPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R 20.17(seq A)108 84 R .002 -(pointer to a routine which is the interf)2.502 F .002 -(ace for sequential retrie)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.502(lf).25 G .002 -(rom the database.)416.694 84 R .001(The address)5.001 F .219 -(and length of the k)144 96 R .519 -.15(ey a)-.1 H .219 -(re returned in the structure referenced by).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1 -(ke)2.72 G(y)-.2 E F0 2.72(,a).32 G .22(nd the address and length of)426.42 96 -R(the data are returned in the structure referenced by)144 108 Q F1(data)2.5 E -F0(.).26 E .937(Sequential k)144 124.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .937(/data pair retrie) -.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.437(lm).25 G .936(ay be)289.748 124.8 R .936(gin at an) --.15 F 3.436(yt)-.15 G .936(ime, and the position of the `)359.292 124.8 R -(`cursor')-.74 E 3.436('i)-.74 G 3.436(sn)519.894 124.8 S(ot)532.22 124.8 Q(af) -144 136.8 Q 1.585(fected by calls to the)-.25 F F1(del)4.085 E F0(,).51 E F1 --.1(ge)4.085 G(t).1 E F0(,).68 E F1(put)4.086 E F0 4.086(,o).68 G(r)308.452 -136.8 Q F1(sync)4.086 E F0 4.086(routines. Modi\214cations)4.086 F 1.586 -(to the database during a)4.086 F 1.404(sequential scan will be re\215ected in\ - the scan, i.e. records inserted behind the cursor will not be)144 148.8 R -(returned while records inserted in front of the cursor will be returned.)144 -160.8 Q(The \215ag v)144 177.6 Q(alue)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(must)2.5 E -F0(be set to one of the follo)2.5 E(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_CURSOR)144 -194.4 Q .523(The data associated with the speci\214ed k)180 206.4 R .824 -.15 -(ey i)-.1 H 3.024(sr).15 G 3.024(eturned. This)367.236 206.4 R(dif)3.024 E .524 -(fers from the)-.25 F F1 -.1(ge)3.024 G(t).1 E F0(routines)3.024 E 1.143 -(in that it sets or initializes the cursor to the location of the k)180 218.4 R -1.443 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 3.642(sw).15 G 3.642(ell. \(Note,)464.924 218.4 R 1.142 -(for the)3.642 F 1.275(DB_BTREE access method, the returned k)180 230.4 R 1.575 --.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.775(sn).15 G 1.276(ot necessarily an e)386.425 230.4 R 1.276 -(xact match for the)-.15 F .598(speci\214ed k)180 242.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.598 -(.T)-.5 G .598(he returned k)246.396 242.4 R .898 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.098(st).15 -G .598(he smallest k)325.188 242.4 R .898 -.15(ey g)-.1 H .598 -(reater than or equal to the speci\214ed).15 F -.1(ke)180 254.4 S 1.3 -.65 -(y, p)-.05 H(ermitting partial k).65 E .3 -.15(ey m)-.1 H -(atches and range searches.\)).15 E(R_FIRST)144 271.2 Q 1.043(The \214rst k)180 -283.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.044(/data pair of the database is returned, and the cu\ -rsor is set or initialized to).15 F(reference it.)180 295.2 Q(R_LAST)144 312 Q -.085(The last k)180 324 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .085(/data pair of the database is ret\ -urned, and the cursor is set or initialized to ref-).15 F(erence it.)180 336 Q -(\(Applicable only to the DB_BTREE and DB_RECNO access methods.\))5 E(R_NEXT) -144 352.8 Q(Retrie)180 364.8 Q .604 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .304(he k).15 F -.15(ey) --.1 G .304(/data pair immediately after the cursor).15 F 5.304(.I)-.55 G 2.804 -(ft)410.622 364.8 S .305(he cursor is not yet set, this is)419.536 364.8 R -(the same as the R_FIRST \215ag.)180 376.8 Q(R_PREV)144 393.6 Q(Retrie)180 -405.6 Q .755 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .455(he k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .455 -(/data pair immediately before the cursor).15 F 5.455(.I)-.55 G 2.955(ft)419.05 -405.6 S .454(he cursor is not yet set, this)428.115 405.6 R .62 -(is the same as the R_LAST \215ag.)180 417.6 R .621 -(\(Applicable only to the DB_BTREE and DB_RECNO)5.621 F(access methods.\))180 -429.6 Q .911(R_LAST and R_PREV are a)144 446.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .911 -(ilable only for the DB_BTREE and DB_RECNO access methods).25 F(because the)144 -458.4 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G(ach imply that the k)202.16 458.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sh) -.15 G -2.25 -.2(av e)302.18 458.4 T(an inherent order which does not change.) -2.7 E F1(Seq)144 475.2 Q F0 .061(routines return -1 on error \(setting)2.561 F -F1(errno)2.561 E F0 .061(\), 0 on success and 1 if there are no k).18 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G .061(/data pairs less).15 F .35 -(than or greater than the speci\214ed or current k)144 487.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G -5.349(.I)-.5 G 2.849(ft)346.467 487.2 S .349 -(he DB_RECNO access method is being used,)355.426 487.2 R .025 -(and if the database \214le is a character special \214le and no complete k)144 -499.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .025(/data pairs are currently a).15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(il-) -.25 E(able, the)144 511.2 Q F1(seq)2.5 E F0(routines return 2.)2.5 E 15.17 -(sync A)108 528 R .458(pointer to a routine to \215ush an)2.958 F 2.957(yc)-.15 -G .457(ached information to disk.)289.72 528 R .457 -(If the database is in memory only)5.457 F(,)-.65 E(the)144 540 Q F1(sync)2.5 E -F0(routine has no ef)2.5 E(fect and will al)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys succeed.).1 -E(The \215ag v)144 556.8 Q(alue may be set to the follo)-.25 E(wing v)-.25 E -(alue:)-.25 E(R_RECNOSYNC)144 573.6 Q .077(If the DB_RECNO access method is be\ -ing used, this \215ag causes the sync routine to apply)180 585.6 R .75(to the \ -btree \214le which underlies the recno \214le, not the recno \214le itself.)180 -597.6 R .75(\(See the)5.75 F F1(bfname)3.25 E F0(\214eld of the)180 609.6 Q F1 --.37(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0(\(3\) manual page for more information.\)).18 E F1 -(Sync)144 626.4 Q F0(routines return -1 on error \(setting)2.5 E F1(errno)2.5 E -F0 2.5(\)a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)336.91 626.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(KEY/D)72 -643.2 Q -1.35 -.855(AT A)-.315 H -.666(PA)3.105 G(IRS).666 E F0 .134 -(Access to all \214le types is based on k)108 655.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .134 -(/data pairs.).15 F .134(Both k)5.134 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.634(sa).15 G .134 -(nd data are represented by the follo)359.078 655.2 R .135(wing data)-.25 F -(structure:)108 667.2 Q(typedef struct {)108 684 Q(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E -2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 89.875(ution September)-.2 F(13, 1993)2.5 E -(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 4 4 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.01(DBOPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.01(anual DBOPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R -.2(vo)144 84 S(id *data;).2 E -(size_t size;)144 96 Q 2.5(}D)108 108 S(BT)122.52 108 Q(;)-.55 E -(The elements of the DBT structure are de\214ned as follo)108 124.8 Q(ws:)-.25 -E 16.84(data A)108 141.6 R(pointer to a byte string.)2.5 E 17.95(size The)108 -158.4 R(length of the byte string.)2.5 E -2.15 -.25(Ke y)108 175.2 T .829(and \ -data byte strings may reference strings of essentially unlimited length althou\ -gh an)3.579 F 3.328(yt)-.15 G 1.028 -.1(wo o)492.894 175.2 T 3.328(ft).1 G(hem) -522.78 175.2 Q 1.133(must \214t into a)108 187.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.134 -(ilable memory at the same time.).25 F 1.134 -(It should be noted that the access methods pro)6.134 F 1.134(vide no)-.15 F -(guarantees about byte string alignment.)108 199.2 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR) -72 216 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 228 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbopen)3.389 E F0 -.889(routine may f)3.389 F .889(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno)3.388 E F0 .888 -(for an)3.388 F 3.388(yo)-.15 G 3.388(ft)324.376 228 S .888 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routines)333.874 228 R F2(open)3.388 E -F0(\(2\)).24 E(and)108 240 Q F2(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\) or the follo).31 E(wing:) --.25 E([EFTYPE])108 256.8 Q 2.5<418c>144 268.8 S(le is incorrectly formatted.) -159.28 268.8 Q([EINV)108 285.6 Q(AL])-1.35 E 2.812(Ap)144 297.6 S .313(aramete\ -r has been speci\214ed \(hash function, pad byte etc.\) that is incompatible w\ -ith the current)159.032 297.6 R .406 -(\214le speci\214cation or which is not meaningful for the function \(for e)144 -309.6 R .405(xample, use of the cursor with-)-.15 F .099 -(out prior initialization\) or there is a mismatch between the v)144 321.6 R .1 -(ersion number of \214le and the softw)-.15 F(are.)-.1 E(The)108 338.4 Q F2 -(close)3.469 E F0 .969(routines may f)3.469 F .969(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno) -3.469 E F0 .969(for an)3.469 F 3.469(yo)-.15 G 3.469(ft)320.18 338.4 S .969 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routines)329.759 338.4 R F2(close)3.468 -E F0(\(2\),).18 E F2 -.37(re)108 350.4 S(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F2(write)2.5 -E F0(\(2\),).18 E F2(fr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\), or).18 E F2(fsync)2.5 E F0 -(\(2\).).31 E(The)108 367.2 Q F2(del)2.969 E F0(,).51 E F2 -.1(ge)2.969 G(t).1 -E F0(,).68 E F2(put)2.969 E F0(and)2.969 E F2(seq)2.969 E F0 .469 -(routines may f)2.969 F .469(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno)2.97 E F0 .47(for an) -2.97 F 2.97(yo)-.15 G 2.97(ft)377.59 367.2 S .47 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library rou-)386.67 367.2 R(tines)108 379.2 Q F2 --.37(re)2.5 G(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F2(write)2.5 E F0(\(2\),).18 E F2(fr)2.5 -E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\) or).18 E F2(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 396 Q F2 -(fd)2.5 E F0(routines will f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F2(errno)2.5 E F0 -(to ENOENT for in memory databases.)2.5 E(The)108 412.8 Q F2(sync)2.5 E F0 -(routines may f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F2(errno)2.5 E F0(for an)2.5 E 2.5(yo) --.15 G 2.5(ft)307.71 412.8 S(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine) -316.32 412.8 Q F2(fsync)2.5 E F0(\(2\).).31 E F1(SEE ALSO)72 429.6 Q F2(btr)108 -441.6 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(mpool)2.5 E -F0(\(3\),).51 E F2 -.37(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0(\(3\)).18 E F2 .904(LIBTP: P)108 -465.6 R(ortable)-.8 E 3.404(,M)-.1 G .904(odular T)189.738 465.6 R -.15(ra)-.55 -G .904(nsactions for UNIX).15 F F0 3.404(,M).94 G(ar)328.884 465.6 Q .904 -(go Seltzer)-.18 F 3.403(,M)-.4 G .903(ichael Olson, USENIX proceedings,) -392.041 465.6 R -.4(Wi)108 477.6 S(nter 1992.).4 E F1 -.09(BU)72 494.4 S(GS).09 -E F0 .399(The typedef DBT is a mnemonic for `)108 506.4 R .399 -(`data base thang')-.74 F .399(', and w)-.74 F .399 -(as used because noone could think of a rea-)-.1 F(sonable name that w)108 -518.4 Q(asn')-.1 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G(lready used.)216.03 518.4 Q -(The \214le descriptor interf)108 535.2 Q -(ace is a kluge and will be deleted in a future v)-.1 E(ersion of the interf) --.15 E(ace.)-.1 E(None of the access methods pro)108 552 Q(vide an)-.15 E 2.5 -(yf)-.15 G(orm of concurrent access, locking, or transactions.)275.16 552 Q -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 89.875 -(ution September)-.2 F(13, 1993)2.5 E(4)535 732 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/hash.3.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/hash.3.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 18303cfb7c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/hash.3.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,292 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 2 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 136.79(HASH\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 136.79(anual HASH\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 84 S -(ME).18 E F0(hash \255 hash database access method)108 96 Q F1(SYNOPSIS)72 -112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <sys/types.h>)108 124.8 Q(#include <db) -108 136.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 153.6 Q F0 .29(The routine)108 165.6 R -/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbopen)2.79 E F0 .29(is the library interf)2.79 F .29 -(ace to database \214les.)-.1 F .29 -(One of the supported \214le formats is hash \214les.)5.29 F .974 -(The general description of the database access methods is in)108 177.6 R F3 -(dbopen)3.475 E F0 .975(\(3\), this manual page describes only).24 F -(the hash speci\214c information.)108 189.6 Q(The hash data structure is an e) -108 206.4 Q(xtensible, dynamic hashing scheme.)-.15 E .83 -(The access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 223.2 R .83(vided to)-.15 -F F3(dbopen)3.33 E F0 .83(is de\214ned in the <db)3.33 F .83 -(.h> include \214le as fol-)-.4 F(lo)108 235.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E(typedef struct {) -108 259.2 Q(int bsize;)144 271.2 Q(int cachesize;)144 283.2 Q(int f)144 295.2 Q --.1(fa)-.25 G(ctor;).1 E(u_long \(*hash\)\(const v)144 307.2 Q -(oid *, size_t\);)-.2 E(int lorder;)144 319.2 Q(int nelem;)144 331.2 Q 2.5(}H) -108 343.2 S(ASHINFO;)122.52 343.2 Q -(The elements of this structure are as follo)108 360 Q(ws:)-.25 E(bsize)108 -376.8 Q F3(Bsize)144 376.8 Q F0 1.393(de\214nes the hash table b)3.893 F(uck) --.2 E 1.393(et size, and is, by def)-.1 F 1.394(ault, 256 bytes.)-.1 F 1.394 -(It may be preferable to)6.394 F -(increase the page size for disk-resident tables and tables with lar)144 388.8 -Q(ge data items.)-.18 E(cachesize)108 405.6 Q 3.16(As)144 417.6 S .66 -(uggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache.)158.27 417.6 R .659 -(This v)5.659 F .659(alue is)-.25 F F2(only)3.159 E F0(advisory)3.159 E 3.159 -(,a)-.65 G .659(nd the)514.621 417.6 R -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)144 429.6 Q(ail.)-.1 E --2.1 -.25(ff a)108 446.4 T(ctor).25 E F3(Ffactor)9.7 E F0 .482 -(indicates a desired density within the hash table.)2.981 F .482 -(It is an approximation of the number of)5.482 F -.1(ke)144 458.4 S .429 -(ys allo)-.05 F .429(wed to accumulate in an)-.25 F 2.929(yo)-.15 G .429(ne b) -291.454 458.4 R(uck)-.2 E .429(et, determining when the hash table gro)-.1 F -.428(ws or shrinks.)-.25 F(The def)144 470.4 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 8.)-.25 E -(hash)108 487.2 Q F3(Hash)144 487.2 Q F0 .1(is a user de\214ned hash function.) -2.6 F .1(Since no hash function performs equally well on all possible)5.1 F -.924(data, the user may \214nd that the b)144 499.2 R .923 -(uilt-in hash function does poorly on a particular data set.)-.2 F(User)5.923 E -1.408(speci\214ed hash functions must tak)144 511.2 R 3.909(et)-.1 G 1.609 -.1 -(wo a)293.431 511.2 T -.18(rg).1 G 1.409 -(uments \(a pointer to a byte string and a length\) and).18 F -(return an u_long to be used as the hash v)144 523.2 Q(alue.)-.25 E 9.62 -(lorder The)108 540 R 1.597(byte order for inte)4.097 F 1.596 -(gers in the stored database metadata.)-.15 F 1.596 -(The number should represent the)6.596 F .688(order as an inte)144 552 R .689 -(ger; for e)-.15 F .689(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .689 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.689 E F3(lor)3.189 E(der)-.37 E F0 .689 -(is 0 \(no)3.189 F .822(order is speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.) -144 564 R .822(If the)5.822 F .822(\214le already e)5.822 F .821 -(xists, the speci\214ed v)-.15 F .821(alue is)-.25 F(ignored and the v)144 576 -Q(alue speci\214ed when the tree w)-.25 E(as created is used.)-.1 E(nelem)108 -592.8 Q F3(Nelem)144 592.8 Q F0 .701 -(is an estimate of the \214nal size of the hash table.)3.2 F .701 -(If not set or set too lo)5.701 F 2.001 -.65(w, h)-.25 H .701(ash tables will) -.65 F -.15(ex)144 604.8 S .448(pand gracefully as k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.948 -(sa).15 G .448(re entered, although a slight performance de)255.912 604.8 R -.447(gradation may be noticed.)-.15 F(The def)144 616.8 Q(ault v)-.1 E -(alue is 1.)-.25 E .79(If the \214le already e)108 633.6 R .79 -(xists \(and the O_TR)-.15 F .79(UNC \215ag is not speci\214ed\), the v)-.4 F -.79(alues speci\214ed for the parameters)-.25 F(bsize, f)108 645.6 Q -.1(fa) --.25 G(ctor).1 E 2.5(,l)-.4 G(order and nelem are ignored and the v)167.23 -645.6 Q(alues speci\214ed when the tree w)-.25 E(as created are used.)-.1 E -1.232(If a hash function is speci\214ed,)108 662.4 R F3(hash_open)3.731 E F0 -1.231(will attempt to determine if the hash function speci\214ed is the)3.731 F -(same as the one with which the database w)108 674.4 Q(as created, and will f) --.1 E(ail if it is not.)-.1 E(Backw)108 691.2 Q .861(ard compatible interf)-.1 -F .861(aces to the routines described in)-.1 F F3(dbm)3.362 E F0 .862 -(\(3\), and).32 F F3(ndbm)3.362 E F0 .862(\(3\) are pro).32 F .862(vided, ho) --.15 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5 -(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 96.815(ution August)-.2 F(17, 1993)2.5 E(1)535 -732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 136.79(HASH\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 136.79(anual HASH\(3\))340.17 48 R(these interf)108 84 Q -(aces are not compatible with pre)-.1 E(vious \214le formats.)-.25 E/F1 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(btr)108 112.8 Q -(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(dbopen)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).24 E F2(mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).51 E F2 -.37(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0(\(3\)).18 E F2(Dynamic Hash T)108 -136.8 Q(ables)-.92 E F0 2.5(,P).27 G(er)206.79 136.8 Q(-Ak)-.2 E 2.5(eL)-.1 G -(arson, Communications of the A)242.86 136.8 Q(CM, April 1988.)-.4 E F2 2.5(AN) -108 160.8 S .3 -.15(ew H)123.28 160.8 T(ash P).15 E(ac)-.8 E(ka)-.2 E .2 -.1 -(ge f)-.1 H(or UNIX).1 E F0 2.5(,M).94 G(ar)248.41 160.8 Q(go Seltzer)-.18 E -2.5(,U)-.4 G(SENIX Proceedings, W)308.09 160.8 Q(inter 1991.)-.4 E F1 -.09(BU) -72 177.6 S(GS).09 E F0(Only big and little endian byte order is supported.)108 -189.6 Q(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 96.815 -(ution August)-.2 F(17, 1993)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/hash.usenix.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/hash.usenix.ps deleted file mode 100644 index acdea09926..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/hash.usenix.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12209 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-1.0 -%%Creator: utopia:margo (& Seltzer,608-13E,8072,) -%%Title: stdin (ditroff) -%%CreationDate: Tue Dec 11 15:06:45 1990 -%%EndComments -% @(#)psdit.pro 1.3 4/15/88 -% lib/psdit.pro -- prolog for psdit (ditroff) files -% Copyright (c) 1984, 1985 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. -% last edit: shore Sat Nov 23 20:28:03 1985 -% RCSID: $Header$ - -% Changed by Edward Wang (edward@ucbarpa.berkeley.edu) to handle graphics, -% 17 Feb, 87. - -/$DITroff 140 dict def $DITroff begin -/fontnum 1 def /fontsize 10 def /fontheight 10 def /fontslant 0 def -/xi{0 72 11 mul translate 72 resolution div dup neg scale 0 0 moveto - /fontnum 1 def /fontsize 10 def /fontheight 10 def /fontslant 0 def F - /pagesave save def}def -/PB{save /psv exch def currentpoint translate - resolution 72 div dup neg scale 0 0 moveto}def -/PE{psv restore}def -/arctoobig 90 def /arctoosmall .05 def -/m1 matrix def /m2 matrix def /m3 matrix def /oldmat matrix def -/tan{dup sin exch cos div}def -/point{resolution 72 div mul}def -/dround {transform round exch round exch itransform}def -/xT{/devname exch def}def -/xr{/mh exch def /my exch def /resolution exch def}def -/xp{}def -/xs{docsave restore end}def -/xt{}def -/xf{/fontname exch def /slotno exch def fontnames slotno get fontname eq not - {fonts slotno fontname findfont put fontnames slotno fontname put}if}def -/xH{/fontheight exch def F}def -/xS{/fontslant exch def F}def -/s{/fontsize exch def /fontheight fontsize def F}def -/f{/fontnum exch def F}def -/F{fontheight 0 le{/fontheight fontsize def}if - fonts fontnum get fontsize point 0 0 fontheight point neg 0 0 m1 astore - fontslant 0 ne{1 0 fontslant tan 1 0 0 m2 astore m3 concatmatrix}if - makefont setfont .04 fontsize point mul 0 dround pop setlinewidth}def -/X{exch currentpoint exch pop moveto show}def -/N{3 1 roll moveto show}def -/Y{exch currentpoint pop exch moveto show}def -/S{show}def -/ditpush{}def/ditpop{}def -/AX{3 -1 roll currentpoint exch pop moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AN{4 2 roll moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AY{3 -1 roll currentpoint pop exch moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AS{0 exch ashow}def -/MX{currentpoint exch pop moveto}def -/MY{currentpoint pop exch moveto}def -/MXY{moveto}def -/cb{pop}def % action on unknown char -- nothing for now -/n{}def/w{}def -/p{pop showpage pagesave restore /pagesave save def}def -/Dt{/Dlinewidth exch def}def 1 Dt -/Ds{/Ddash exch def}def -1 Ds -/Di{/Dstipple exch def}def 1 Di -/Dsetlinewidth{2 Dlinewidth mul setlinewidth}def -/Dsetdash{Ddash 4 eq{[8 12]}{Ddash 16 eq{[32 36]} - {Ddash 20 eq{[32 12 8 12]}{[]}ifelse}ifelse}ifelse 0 setdash}def -/Dstroke{gsave Dsetlinewidth Dsetdash 1 setlinecap stroke grestore - currentpoint newpath moveto}def -/Dl{rlineto Dstroke}def -/arcellipse{/diamv exch def /diamh exch def oldmat currentmatrix pop - currentpoint translate 1 diamv diamh div scale /rad diamh 2 div def - currentpoint exch rad add exch rad -180 180 arc oldmat setmatrix}def -/Dc{dup arcellipse Dstroke}def -/De{arcellipse Dstroke}def -/Da{/endv exch def /endh exch def /centerv exch def /centerh exch def - /cradius centerv centerv mul centerh centerh mul add sqrt def - /eradius endv endv mul endh endh mul add sqrt def - /endang endv endh atan def - /startang centerv neg centerh neg atan def - /sweep startang endang sub dup 0 lt{360 add}if def - sweep arctoobig gt - {/midang startang sweep 2 div sub def /midrad cradius eradius add 2 div def - /midh midang cos midrad mul def /midv midang sin midrad mul def - midh neg midv neg endh endv centerh centerv midh midv Da - Da} - {sweep arctoosmall ge - {/controldelt 1 sweep 2 div cos sub 3 sweep 2 div sin mul div 4 mul def - centerv neg controldelt mul centerh controldelt mul - endv neg controldelt mul centerh add endh add - endh controldelt mul centerv add endv add - centerh endh add centerv endv add rcurveto Dstroke} - {centerh endh add centerv endv add rlineto Dstroke} - ifelse} - ifelse}def -/Dpatterns[ -[%cf[widthbits] -[8<0000000000000010>] -[8<0411040040114000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<0000103810000000>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<0000800100001008>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<0f0e0c0800000000>] -[8<0000000000000010>] -[8<0411040040114000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<0000001038100000>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<0000800100001008>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<0f0e0c0800000000>] -[8<0042660000246600>] -[8<0000990000990000>] -[8<0804020180402010>] -[8<2418814242811824>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<8000000008000000>] -[8<00001c3e363e1c00>] -[8<0000000000000000>] -[32<00000040000000c00000004000000040000000e0000000000000000000000000>] -[32<00000000000060000000900000002000000040000000f0000000000000000000>] -[32<000000000000000000e0000000100000006000000010000000e0000000000000>] -[32<00000000000000002000000060000000a0000000f00000002000000000000000>] -[32<0000000e0000000000000000000000000000000f000000080000000e00000001>] -[32<0000090000000600000000000000000000000000000007000000080000000e00>] -[32<00010000000200000004000000040000000000000000000000000000000f0000>] -[32<0900000006000000090000000600000000000000000000000000000006000000>]] -[%ug -[8<0000020000000000>] -[8<0000020000002000>] -[8<0004020000002000>] -[8<0004020000402000>] -[8<0004060000402000>] -[8<0004060000406000>] -[8<0006060000406000>] -[8<0006060000606000>] -[8<00060e0000606000>] -[8<00060e000060e000>] -[8<00070e000060e000>] -[8<00070e000070e000>] -[8<00070e020070e000>] -[8<00070e020070e020>] -[8<04070e020070e020>] -[8<04070e024070e020>] -[8<04070e064070e020>] -[8<04070e064070e060>] -[8<06070e064070e060>] -[8<06070e066070e060>] -[8<06070f066070e060>] -[8<06070f066070f060>] -[8<060f0f066070f060>] -[8<060f0f0660f0f060>] -[8<060f0f0760f0f060>] -[8<060f0f0760f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0760f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f07e0f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0fe0f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0fe0f0f0f0>] -[8<0f0f0f0fe0f0f0f0>] -[8<0f0f0f0ff0f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f0ff0f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f0ff1f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f8ff1f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f8ff1f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f8ff1f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f8ff9f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f9ff9f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f9ff9f0f0f9>] -[8<9f8f0f9ff9f0f0f9>] -[8<9f8f0f9ff9f8f0f9>] -[8<9f8f1f9ff9f8f0f9>] -[8<9f8f1f9ff9f8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1f9ff9f8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1f9ffbf8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1fdffbf8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1fdffbf8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1fdffbf8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1fdffff8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1ffffff8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1ffffff8f1ff>] -[8<ff9f1ffffff8f1ff>] -[8<ff9f1ffffff9f1ff>] -[8<ff9f9ffffff9f1ff>] -[8<ff9f9ffffff9f9ff>] -[8<ffbf9ffffff9f9ff>] -[8<ffbf9ffffffbf9ff>] -[8<ffbfdffffffbf9ff>] -[8<ffbfdffffffbfdff>] -[8<ffffdffffffbfdff>] -[8<ffffdffffffffdff>] -[8<fffffffffffffdff>] -[8<ffffffffffffffff>]] -[%mg -[8<8000000000000000>] -[8<0822080080228000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<40e0400000000000>] -[8<66999966>] -[8<8001000010080000>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<f0e0c08000000000>] -[16<07c00f801f003e007c00f800f001e003c007800f001f003e007c00f801f003e0>] -[16<1f000f8007c003e001f000f8007c003e001f800fc007e003f001f8007c003e00>] -[8<c3c300000000c3c3>] -[16<0040008001000200040008001000200040008000000100020004000800100020>] -[16<0040002000100008000400020001800040002000100008000400020001000080>] -[16<1fc03fe07df0f8f8f07de03fc01f800fc01fe03ff07df8f87df03fe01fc00f80>] -[8<80>] -[8<8040201000000000>] -[8<84cc000048cc0000>] -[8<9900009900000000>] -[8<08040201804020100800020180002010>] -[8<2418814242811824>] -[8<66999966>] -[8<8000000008000000>] -[8<70f8d8f870000000>] -[8<0814224180402010>] -[8<aa00440a11a04400>] -[8<018245aa45820100>] -[8<221c224180808041>] -[8<88000000>] -[8<0855800080550800>] -[8<2844004482440044>] -[8<0810204080412214>] -[8<00>]]]def -/Dfill{ - transform /maxy exch def /maxx exch def - transform /miny exch def /minx exch def - minx maxx gt{/minx maxx /maxx minx def def}if - miny maxy gt{/miny maxy /maxy miny def def}if - Dpatterns Dstipple 1 sub get exch 1 sub get - aload pop /stip exch def /stipw exch def /stiph 128 def - /imatrix[stipw 0 0 stiph 0 0]def - /tmatrix[stipw 0 0 stiph 0 0]def - /minx minx cvi stiph idiv stiph mul def - /miny miny cvi stipw idiv stipw mul def - gsave eoclip 0 setgray - miny stiph maxy{ - tmatrix exch 5 exch put - minx stipw maxx{ - tmatrix exch 4 exch put tmatrix setmatrix - stipw stiph true imatrix {stip} imagemask - }for - }for - grestore -}def -/Dp{Dfill Dstroke}def -/DP{Dfill currentpoint newpath moveto}def -end - -/ditstart{$DITroff begin - /nfonts 60 def % NFONTS makedev/ditroff dependent! - /fonts[nfonts{0}repeat]def - /fontnames[nfonts{()}repeat]def -/docsave save def -}def - -% character outcalls -/oc{ - /pswid exch def /cc exch def /name exch def - /ditwid pswid fontsize mul resolution mul 72000 div def - /ditsiz fontsize resolution mul 72 div def - ocprocs name known{ocprocs name get exec}{name cb}ifelse -}def -/fractm [.65 0 0 .6 0 0] def -/fraction{ - /fden exch def /fnum exch def gsave /cf currentfont def - cf fractm makefont setfont 0 .3 dm 2 copy neg rmoveto - fnum show rmoveto currentfont cf setfont(\244)show setfont fden show - grestore ditwid 0 rmoveto -}def -/oce{grestore ditwid 0 rmoveto}def -/dm{ditsiz mul}def -/ocprocs 50 dict def ocprocs begin -(14){(1)(4)fraction}def -(12){(1)(2)fraction}def -(34){(3)(4)fraction}def -(13){(1)(3)fraction}def -(23){(2)(3)fraction}def -(18){(1)(8)fraction}def -(38){(3)(8)fraction}def -(58){(5)(8)fraction}def -(78){(7)(8)fraction}def -(sr){gsave 0 .06 dm rmoveto(\326)show oce}def -(is){gsave 0 .15 dm rmoveto(\362)show oce}def -(->){gsave 0 .02 dm rmoveto(\256)show oce}def -(<-){gsave 0 .02 dm rmoveto(\254)show oce}def -(==){gsave 0 .05 dm rmoveto(\272)show oce}def -(uc){gsave currentpoint 400 .009 dm mul add translate - 8 -8 scale ucseal oce}def -end - -% an attempt at a PostScript FONT to implement ditroff special chars -% this will enable us to -% cache the little buggers -% generate faster, more compact PS out of psdit -% confuse everyone (including myself)! -50 dict dup begin -/FontType 3 def -/FontName /DIThacks def -/FontMatrix [.001 0 0 .001 0 0] def -/FontBBox [-260 -260 900 900] def% a lie but ... -/Encoding 256 array def -0 1 255{Encoding exch /.notdef put}for -Encoding - dup 8#040/space put %space - dup 8#110/rc put %right ceil - dup 8#111/lt put %left top curl - dup 8#112/bv put %bold vert - dup 8#113/lk put %left mid curl - dup 8#114/lb put %left bot curl - dup 8#115/rt put %right top curl - dup 8#116/rk put %right mid curl - dup 8#117/rb put %right bot curl - dup 8#120/rf put %right floor - dup 8#121/lf put %left floor - dup 8#122/lc put %left ceil - dup 8#140/sq put %square - dup 8#141/bx put %box - dup 8#142/ci put %circle - dup 8#143/br put %box rule - dup 8#144/rn put %root extender - dup 8#145/vr put %vertical rule - dup 8#146/ob put %outline bullet - dup 8#147/bu put %bullet - dup 8#150/ru put %rule - dup 8#151/ul put %underline - pop -/DITfd 100 dict def -/BuildChar{0 begin - /cc exch def /fd exch def - /charname fd /Encoding get cc get def - /charwid fd /Metrics get charname get def - /charproc fd /CharProcs get charname get def - charwid 0 fd /FontBBox get aload pop setcachedevice - 2 setlinejoin 40 setlinewidth - newpath 0 0 moveto gsave charproc grestore - end}def -/BuildChar load 0 DITfd put -/CharProcs 50 dict def -CharProcs begin -/space{}def -/.notdef{}def -/ru{500 0 rls}def -/rn{0 840 moveto 500 0 rls}def -/vr{0 800 moveto 0 -770 rls}def -/bv{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rls}def -/br{0 840 moveto 0 -1000 rls}def -/ul{0 -140 moveto 500 0 rls}def -/ob{200 250 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 200 0 360 arc closepath stroke}def -/bu{200 250 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 200 0 360 arc closepath fill}def -/sq{80 0 rmoveto currentpoint dround newpath moveto - 640 0 rlineto 0 640 rlineto -640 0 rlineto closepath stroke}def -/bx{80 0 rmoveto currentpoint dround newpath moveto - 640 0 rlineto 0 640 rlineto -640 0 rlineto closepath fill}def -/ci{500 360 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 333 0 360 arc - 50 setlinewidth stroke}def - -/lt{0 -200 moveto 0 550 rlineto currx 800 2cx s4 add exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/lb{0 800 moveto 0 -550 rlineto currx -200 2cx s4 add exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/rt{0 -200 moveto 0 550 rlineto currx 800 2cx s4 sub exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/rb{0 800 moveto 0 -500 rlineto currx -200 2cx s4 sub exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/lk{0 800 moveto 0 300 -300 300 s4 arcto pop pop 1000 sub - 0 300 4 2 roll s4 a4p 0 -200 lineto stroke}def -/rk{0 800 moveto 0 300 s2 300 s4 arcto pop pop 1000 sub - 0 300 4 2 roll s4 a4p 0 -200 lineto stroke}def -/lf{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rlineto s4 0 rls}def -/rf{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rlineto s4 neg 0 rls}def -/lc{0 -200 moveto 0 1000 rlineto s4 0 rls}def -/rc{0 -200 moveto 0 1000 rlineto s4 neg 0 rls}def -end - -/Metrics 50 dict def Metrics begin -/.notdef 0 def -/space 500 def -/ru 500 def -/br 0 def -/lt 416 def -/lb 416 def -/rt 416 def -/rb 416 def -/lk 416 def -/rk 416 def -/rc 416 def -/lc 416 def -/rf 416 def -/lf 416 def -/bv 416 def -/ob 350 def -/bu 350 def -/ci 750 def -/bx 750 def -/sq 750 def -/rn 500 def -/ul 500 def -/vr 0 def -end - -DITfd begin -/s2 500 def /s4 250 def /s3 333 def -/a4p{arcto pop pop pop pop}def -/2cx{2 copy exch}def -/rls{rlineto stroke}def -/currx{currentpoint pop}def -/dround{transform round exch round exch itransform} def -end -end -/DIThacks exch definefont pop -ditstart -(psc)xT -576 1 1 xr -1(Times-Roman)xf 1 f -2(Times-Italic)xf 2 f -3(Times-Bold)xf 3 f -4(Times-BoldItalic)xf 4 f -5(Helvetica)xf 5 f -6(Helvetica-Bold)xf 6 f -7(Courier)xf 7 f -8(Courier-Bold)xf 8 f -9(Symbol)xf 9 f -10(DIThacks)xf 10 f -10 s -1 f -xi -%%EndProlog - -%%Page: 1 1 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -22 s -1249 626(A)N -1420(N)X -1547(ew)X -1796(H)X -1933(ashing)X -2467(P)X -2574(ackage)X -3136(for)X -3405(U)X -3532(N)X -3659(IX)X -2 f -20 s -3855 562(1)N -1 f -12 s -1607 779(Margo)N -1887(Seltzer)X -9 f -2179(-)X -1 f -2256(University)X -2686(of)X -2790(California,)X -3229(Berkeley)X -2015 875(Ozan)N -2242(Yigit)X -9 f -2464(-)X -1 f -2541(York)X -2762(University)X -3 f -2331 1086(ABSTRACT)N -1 f -10 s -1152 1222(UNIX)N -1385(support)X -1657(of)X -1756(disk)X -1921(oriented)X -2216(hashing)X -2497(was)X -2654(originally)X -2997(provided)X -3314(by)X -2 f -3426(dbm)X -1 f -3595([ATT79])X -3916(and)X -1152 1310(subsequently)N -1595(improved)X -1927(upon)X -2112(in)X -2 f -2199(ndbm)X -1 f -2402([BSD86].)X -2735(In)X -2826(AT&T)X -3068(System)X -3327(V,)X -3429(in-memory)X -3809(hashed)X -1152 1398(storage)N -1420(and)X -1572(access)X -1814(support)X -2090(was)X -2251(added)X -2479(in)X -2577(the)X -2 f -2711(hsearch)X -1 f -3000(library)X -3249(routines)X -3542([ATT85].)X -3907(The)X -1152 1486(result)N -1367(is)X -1457(a)X -1530(system)X -1789(with)X -1968(two)X -2125(incompatible)X -2580(hashing)X -2865(schemes,)X -3193(each)X -3377(with)X -3555(its)X -3666(own)X -3840(set)X -3965(of)X -1152 1574(shortcomings.)N -1152 1688(This)N -1316(paper)X -1517(presents)X -1802(the)X -1922(design)X -2152(and)X -2289(performance)X -2717(characteristics)X -3198(of)X -3286(a)X -3343(new)X -3498(hashing)X -3768(package)X -1152 1776(providing)N -1483(a)X -1539(superset)X -1822(of)X -1909(the)X -2027(functionality)X -2456(provided)X -2761(by)X -2 f -2861(dbm)X -1 f -3019(and)X -2 f -3155(hsearch)X -1 f -3409(.)X -3469(The)X -3614(new)X -3768(package)X -1152 1864(uses)N -1322(linear)X -1537(hashing)X -1818(to)X -1912(provide)X -2189(ef\256cient)X -2484(support)X -2755(of)X -2853(both)X -3026(memory)X -3324(based)X -3538(and)X -3685(disk)X -3849(based)X -1152 1952(hash)N -1319(tables)X -1526(with)X -1688(performance)X -2115(superior)X -2398(to)X -2480(both)X -2 f -2642(dbm)X -1 f -2800(and)X -2 f -2936(hsearch)X -1 f -3210(under)X -3413(most)X -3588(conditions.)X -3 f -1380 2128(Introduction)N -1 f -892 2260(Current)N -1196(UNIX)X -1456(systems)X -1768(offer)X -1984(two)X -2163(forms)X -2409(of)X -720 2348(hashed)N -973(data)X -1137(access.)X -2 f -1413(Dbm)X -1 f -1599(and)X -1745(its)X -1850(derivatives)X -2231(provide)X -720 2436(keyed)N -939(access)X -1171(to)X -1259(disk)X -1418(resident)X -1698(data)X -1858(while)X -2 f -2062(hsearch)X -1 f -2342(pro-)X -720 2524(vides)N -929(access)X -1175(for)X -1309(memory)X -1616(resident)X -1910(data.)X -2124(These)X -2356(two)X -720 2612(access)N -979(methods)X -1302(are)X -1453(incompatible)X -1923(in)X -2037(that)X -2209(memory)X -720 2700(resident)N -1011(hash)X -1195(tables)X -1419(may)X -1593(not)X -1731(be)X -1843(stored)X -2075(on)X -2191(disk)X -2360(and)X -720 2788(disk)N -884(resident)X -1169(tables)X -1387(cannot)X -1632(be)X -1739(read)X -1909(into)X -2063(memory)X -2360(and)X -720 2876(accessed)N -1022(using)X -1215(the)X -1333(in-memory)X -1709(routines.)X -2 f -892 2990(Dbm)N -1 f -1091(has)X -1241(several)X -1512(shortcomings.)X -2026(Since)X -2247(data)X -2423(is)X -720 3078(assumed)N -1032(to)X -1130(be)X -1242(disk)X -1411(resident,)X -1721(each)X -1905(access)X -2146(requires)X -2440(a)X -720 3166(system)N -963(call,)X -1120(and)X -1257(almost)X -1491(certainly,)X -1813(a)X -1869(disk)X -2022(operation.)X -2365(For)X -720 3254(extremely)N -1072(large)X -1264(databases,)X -1623(where)X -1851(caching)X -2131(is)X -2214(unlikely)X -720 3342(to)N -810(be)X -914(effective,)X -1244(this)X -1386(is)X -1466(acceptable,)X -1853(however,)X -2177(when)X -2378(the)X -720 3430(database)N -1022(is)X -1100(small)X -1298(\(i.e.)X -1447(the)X -1569(password)X -1896(\256le\),)X -2069(performance)X -720 3518(improvements)N -1204(can)X -1342(be)X -1443(obtained)X -1744(through)X -2018(caching)X -2293(pages)X -720 3606(of)N -818(the)X -947(database)X -1255(in)X -1348(memory.)X -1685(In)X -1782(addition,)X -2 f -2094(dbm)X -1 f -2262(cannot)X -720 3694(store)N -902(data)X -1062(items)X -1261(whose)X -1492(total)X -1660(key)X -1802(and)X -1943(data)X -2102(size)X -2252(exceed)X -720 3782(the)N -850(page)X -1034(size)X -1191(of)X -1290(the)X -1420(hash)X -1599(table.)X -1827(Similarly,)X -2176(if)X -2257(two)X -2409(or)X -720 3870(more)N -907(keys)X -1076(produce)X -1357(the)X -1477(same)X -1664(hash)X -1833(value)X -2029(and)X -2166(their)X -2334(total)X -720 3958(size)N -876(exceeds)X -1162(the)X -1291(page)X -1474(size,)X -1650(the)X -1779(table)X -1966(cannot)X -2210(store)X -2396(all)X -720 4046(the)N -838(colliding)X -1142(keys.)X -892 4160(The)N -1050(in-memory)X -2 f -1439(hsearch)X -1 f -1725(routines)X -2015(have)X -2199(different)X -720 4248(shortcomings.)N -1219(First,)X -1413(the)X -1539(notion)X -1771(of)X -1865(a)X -1928(single)X -2146(hash)X -2320(table)X -720 4336(is)N -807(embedded)X -1171(in)X -1266(the)X -1397(interface,)X -1732(preventing)X -2108(an)X -2217(applica-)X -720 4424(tion)N -902(from)X -1116(accessing)X -1482(multiple)X -1806(tables)X -2050(concurrently.)X -720 4512(Secondly,)N -1063(the)X -1186(routine)X -1438(to)X -1525(create)X -1743(a)X -1804(hash)X -1976(table)X -2157(requires)X -2440(a)X -720 4600(parameter)N -1066(which)X -1286(declares)X -1573(the)X -1694(size)X -1842(of)X -1932(the)X -2053(hash)X -2223(table.)X -2422(If)X -720 4688(this)N -856(size)X -1001(is)X -1074(set)X -1183(too)X -1305(low,)X -1465(performance)X -1892(degradation)X -2291(or)X -2378(the)X -720 4776(inability)N -1008(to)X -1092(add)X -1230(items)X -1425(to)X -1509(the)X -1628(table)X -1805(may)X -1964(result.)X -2223(In)X -2311(addi-)X -720 4864(tion,)N -2 f -910(hsearch)X -1 f -1210(requires)X -1515(that)X -1681(the)X -1825(application)X -2226(allocate)X -720 4952(memory)N -1037(for)X -1181(the)X -1329(key)X -1495(and)X -1661(data)X -1845(items.)X -2108(Lastly,)X -2378(the)X -2 f -720 5040(hsearch)N -1 f -1013(routines)X -1310(provide)X -1594(no)X -1713(interface)X -2034(to)X -2135(store)X -2329(hash)X -720 5128(tables)N -927(on)X -1027(disk.)X -16 s -720 5593 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -760 5648(1)N -1 f -9 s -5673(UNIX)Y -990(is)X -1056(a)X -1106(registered)X -1408(trademark)X -1718(of)X -1796(AT&T.)X -10 s -2878 2128(The)N -3032(goal)X -3199(of)X -3295(our)X -3431(work)X -3625(was)X -3779(to)X -3870(design)X -4108(and)X -4253(imple-)X -2706 2216(ment)N -2900(a)X -2970(new)X -3138(package)X -3436(that)X -3590(provides)X -3899(a)X -3968(superset)X -4264(of)X -4364(the)X -2706 2304(functionality)N -3144(of)X -3240(both)X -2 f -3411(dbm)X -1 f -3578(and)X -2 f -3723(hsearch)X -1 f -3977(.)X -4045(The)X -4198(package)X -2706 2392(had)N -2871(to)X -2982(overcome)X -3348(the)X -3495(interface)X -3826(shortcomings)X -4306(cited)X -2706 2480(above)N -2930(and)X -3078(its)X -3185(implementation)X -3719(had)X -3867(to)X -3961(provide)X -4238(perfor-)X -2706 2568(mance)N -2942(equal)X -3142(or)X -3235(superior)X -3524(to)X -3612(that)X -3758(of)X -3851(the)X -3975(existing)X -4253(imple-)X -2706 2656(mentations.)N -3152(In)X -3274(order)X -3498(to)X -3614(provide)X -3913(a)X -4003(compact)X -4329(disk)X -2706 2744(representation,)N -3224(graceful)X -3531(table)X -3729(growth,)X -4018(and)X -4176(expected)X -2706 2832(constant)N -3033(time)X -3234(performance,)X -3720(we)X -3873(selected)X -4191(Litwin's)X -2706 2920(linear)N -2923(hashing)X -3206(algorithm)X -3551([LAR88,)X -3872(LIT80].)X -4178(We)X -4324(then)X -2706 3008(enhanced)N -3037(the)X -3161(algorithm)X -3498(to)X -3586(handle)X -3826(page)X -4004(over\257ows)X -4346(and)X -2706 3096(large)N -2900(key)X -3049(handling)X -3362(with)X -3537(a)X -3606(single)X -3830(mechanism,)X -4248(named)X -2706 3184(buddy-in-waiting.)N -3 f -2975 3338(Existing)N -3274(UNIX)X -3499(Hashing)X -3802(Techniques)X -1 f -2878 3470(Over)N -3076(the)X -3210(last)X -3357(decade,)X -3637(several)X -3901(dynamic)X -4213(hashing)X -2706 3558(schemes)N -3000(have)X -3174(been)X -3348(developed)X -3700(for)X -3816(the)X -3936(UNIX)X -4159(timeshar-)X -2706 3646(ing)N -2856(system,)X -3146(starting)X -3433(with)X -3622(the)X -3767(inclusion)X -4107(of)X -2 f -4221(dbm)X -1 f -4359(,)X -4426(a)X -2706 3734(minimal)N -3008(database)X -3321(library)X -3571(written)X -3834(by)X -3950(Ken)X -4120(Thompson)X -2706 3822([THOM90],)N -3141(in)X -3248(the)X -3391(Seventh)X -3694(Edition)X -3974(UNIX)X -4220(system.)X -2706 3910(Since)N -2916(then,)X -3106(an)X -3214(extended)X -3536(version)X -3804(of)X -3903(the)X -4032(same)X -4228(library,)X -2 f -2706 3998(ndbm)N -1 f -2884(,)X -2933(and)X -3078(a)X -3142(public-domain)X -3637(clone)X -3839(of)X -3934(the)X -4060(latter,)X -2 f -4273(sdbm)X -1 f -4442(,)X -2706 4086(have)N -2902(been)X -3098(developed.)X -3491(Another)X -3797 0.1645(interface-compatible)AX -2706 4174(library)N -2 f -2950(gdbm)X -1 f -3128(,)X -3178(was)X -3333(recently)X -3622(made)X -3826(available)X -4145(as)X -4241(part)X -4395(of)X -2706 4262(the)N -2829(Free)X -2997(Software)X -3312(Foundation's)X -3759(\(FSF\))X -3970(software)X -4271(distri-)X -2706 4350(bution.)N -2878 4464(All)N -3017(of)X -3121(these)X -3323(implementations)X -3893(are)X -4029(based)X -4248(on)X -4364(the)X -2706 4552(idea)N -2871(of)X -2969(revealing)X -3299(just)X -3445(enough)X -3711(bits)X -3856(of)X -3953(a)X -4019(hash)X -4196(value)X -4400(to)X -2706 4640(locate)N -2920(a)X -2978(page)X -3151(in)X -3234(a)X -3291(single)X -3503(access.)X -3770(While)X -2 f -3987(dbm/ndbm)X -1 f -4346(and)X -2 f -2706 4728(sdbm)N -1 f -2908(map)X -3079(the)X -3210(hash)X -3390(value)X -3597(directly)X -3874(to)X -3968(a)X -4036(disk)X -4201(address,)X -2 f -2706 4816(gdbm)N -1 f -2921(uses)X -3096(the)X -3231(hash)X -3414(value)X -3624(to)X -3722(index)X -3936(into)X -4096(a)X -2 f -4168(directory)X -1 f -2706 4904([ENB88])N -3020(containing)X -3378(disk)X -3531(addresses.)X -2878 5018(The)N -2 f -3033(hsearch)X -1 f -3317(routines)X -3605(in)X -3697(System)X -3962(V)X -4049(are)X -4177(designed)X -2706 5106(to)N -2804(provide)X -3085(memory-resident)X -3669(hash)X -3852(tables.)X -4115(Since)X -4328(data)X -2706 5194(access)N -2948(does)X -3131(not)X -3269(require)X -3533(disk)X -3702(access,)X -3964(simple)X -4213(hashing)X -2706 5282(schemes)N -3010(which)X -3238(may)X -3408(require)X -3667(multiple)X -3964(probes)X -4209(into)X -4364(the)X -2706 5370(table)N -2889(are)X -3015(used.)X -3209(A)X -3294(more)X -3486(interesting)X -3851(version)X -4114(of)X -2 f -4208(hsearch)X -1 f -2706 5458(is)N -2784(a)X -2845(public)X -3070(domain)X -3335(library,)X -2 f -3594(dynahash)X -1 f -3901(,)X -3945(that)X -4089(implements)X -2706 5546(Larson's)N -3036(in-memory)X -3440(adaptation)X -3822([LAR88])X -4164(of)X -4279(linear)X -2706 5634(hashing)N -2975([LIT80].)X -3 f -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -1 f -4424(1)X - -2 p -%%Page: 2 2 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -2 f -1074 538(dbm)N -1 f -1232(and)X -2 f -1368(ndbm)X -1 f -604 670(The)N -2 f -760(dbm)X -1 f -928(and)X -2 f -1074(ndbm)X -1 f -1282(library)X -1526(implementations)X -2089(are)X -432 758(based)N -667(on)X -799(the)X -949(same)X -1166(algorithm)X -1529(by)X -1661(Ken)X -1846(Thompson)X -432 846([THOM90,)N -824(TOR88,)X -1113(WAL84],)X -1452(but)X -1582(differ)X -1789(in)X -1879(their)X -2054(pro-)X -432 934(grammatic)N -801(interfaces.)X -1160(The)X -1311(latter)X -1502(is)X -1581(a)X -1643(modi\256ed)X -1952(version)X -432 1022(of)N -533(the)X -665(former)X -918(which)X -1148(adds)X -1328(support)X -1601(for)X -1728(multiple)X -2027(data-)X -432 1110(bases)N -634(to)X -724(be)X -828(open)X -1011(concurrently.)X -1484(The)X -1636(discussion)X -1996(of)X -2090(the)X -432 1198(algorithm)N -774(that)X -925(follows)X -1196(is)X -1280(applicable)X -1640(to)X -1732(both)X -2 f -1904(dbm)X -1 f -2072(and)X -2 f -432 1286(ndbm)N -1 f -610(.)X -604 1400(The)N -760(basic)X -956(structure)X -1268(of)X -2 f -1366(dbm)X -1 f -1535(calls)X -1712(for)X -1836(\256xed-sized)X -432 1488(disk)N -612(blocks)X -868(\(buckets\))X -1214(and)X -1377(an)X -2 f -1499(access)X -1 f -1755(function)X -2068(that)X -432 1576(maps)N -623(a)X -681(key)X -819(to)X -902(a)X -959(bucket.)X -1234(The)X -1380(interface)X -1683(routines)X -1962(use)X -2090(the)X -2 f -432 1664(access)N -1 f -673(function)X -970(to)X -1062(obtain)X -1292(the)X -1420(appropriate)X -1816(bucket)X -2060(in)X -2152(a)X -432 1752(single)N -643(disk)X -796(access.)X -604 1866(Within)N -869(the)X -2 f -1010(access)X -1 f -1263(function,)X -1593(a)X -1672(bit-randomizing)X -432 1954(hash)N -610(function)X -2 f -8 s -877 1929(2)N -1 f -10 s -940 1954(is)N -1024(used)X -1202(to)X -1294(convert)X -1565(a)X -1631(key)X -1777(into)X -1931(a)X -1997(32-bit)X -432 2042(hash)N -605(value.)X -825(Out)X -971(of)X -1064(these)X -1254(32)X -1359(bits,)X -1519(only)X -1686(as)X -1778(many)X -1981(bits)X -2121(as)X -432 2130(necessary)N -773(are)X -900(used)X -1075(to)X -1165(determine)X -1514(the)X -1639(particular)X -1974(bucket)X -432 2218(on)N -533(which)X -750(a)X -807(key)X -944(resides.)X -1228(An)X -1347(in-memory)X -1724(bitmap)X -1967(is)X -2041(used)X -432 2306(to)N -533(determine)X -893(how)X -1070(many)X -1287(bits)X -1441(are)X -1579(required.)X -1905(Each)X -2104(bit)X -432 2394(indicates)N -746(whether)X -1033(its)X -1136(associated)X -1494(bucket)X -1736(has)X -1871(been)X -2051(split)X -432 2482(yet)N -562(\(a)X -657(0)X -728(indicating)X -1079(that)X -1230(the)X -1359(bucket)X -1604(has)X -1742(not)X -1875(yet)X -2004(split\).)X -432 2570(The)N -590(use)X -730(of)X -830(the)X -961(hash)X -1141(function)X -1441(and)X -1590(the)X -1720(bitmap)X -1974(is)X -2059(best)X -432 2658(described)N -769(by)X -878(stepping)X -1177(through)X -1454(database)X -1759(creation)X -2046(with)X -432 2746(multiple)N -718(invocations)X -1107(of)X -1194(a)X -2 f -1250(store)X -1 f -1430(operation.)X -604 2860(Initially,)N -906(the)X -1033(hash)X -1209(table)X -1394(contains)X -1690(a)X -1755(single)X -1974(bucket)X -432 2948(\(bucket)N -711(0\),)X -836(the)X -972(bit)X -1094(map)X -1270(contains)X -1575(a)X -1649(single)X -1878(bit)X -2000(\(bit)X -2148(0)X -432 3036(corresponding)N -913(to)X -997(bucket)X -1233(0\),)X -1342(and)X -1480(0)X -1542(bits)X -1699(of)X -1788(a)X -1846(hash)X -2014(value)X -432 3124(are)N -560(examined)X -901(to)X -992(determine)X -1342(where)X -1568(a)X -1633(key)X -1778(is)X -1860(placed)X -2099(\(in)X -432 3212(bucket)N -670(0\).)X -801(When)X -1017(bucket)X -1255(0)X -1319(is)X -1396(full,)X -1551(its)X -1650(bit)X -1758(in)X -1844(the)X -1966(bitmap)X -432 3300(\(bit)N -564(0\))X -652(is)X -726(set,)X -856(and)X -993(its)X -1089(contents)X -1377(are)X -1497(split)X -1655(between)X -1943(buckets)X -432 3388(0)N -499(and)X -641(1,)X -727(by)X -833(considering)X -1233(the)X -1357(0)X -2 f -7 s -3356(th)Y -10 s -1 f -1480 3388(bit)N -1590(\(the)X -1741(lowest)X -1976(bit)X -2086(not)X -432 3476(previously)N -800(examined\))X -1169(of)X -1266(the)X -1393(hash)X -1569(value)X -1772(for)X -1895(each)X -2072(key)X -432 3564(within)N -668(the)X -798(bucket.)X -1064(Given)X -1292(a)X -1359(well-designed)X -1840(hash)X -2018(func-)X -432 3652(tion,)N -613(approximately)X -1112(half)X -1273(of)X -1376(the)X -1510(keys)X -1693(will)X -1853(have)X -2041(hash)X -432 3740(values)N -666(with)X -837(the)X -964(0)X -2 f -7 s -3708(th)Y -10 s -1 f -1090 3740(bit)N -1203(set.)X -1341(All)X -1471(such)X -1646(keys)X -1821(and)X -1965(associ-)X -432 3828(ated)N -586(data)X -740(are)X -859(moved)X -1097(to)X -1179(bucket)X -1413(1,)X -1493(and)X -1629(the)X -1747(rest)X -1883(remain)X -2126(in)X -432 3916(bucket)N -666(0.)X -604 4030(After)N -804(this)X -949(split,)X -1135(the)X -1262(\256le)X -1393(now)X -1560(contains)X -1856(two)X -2005(buck-)X -432 4118(ets,)N -562(and)X -699(the)X -818(bitmap)X -1061(contains)X -1349(three)X -1530(bits:)X -1687(the)X -1805(0)X -2 f -7 s -4086(th)Y -10 s -1 f -1922 4118(bit)N -2026(is)X -2099(set)X -432 4206(to)N -525(indicate)X -810(a)X -876(bucket)X -1120(0)X -1190(split)X -1357(when)X -1561(no)X -1671(bits)X -1816(of)X -1913(the)X -2041(hash)X -432 4294(value)N -648(are)X -789(considered,)X -1199(and)X -1357(two)X -1519(more)X -1726(unset)X -1937(bits)X -2094(for)X -432 4382(buckets)N -706(0)X -775(and)X -920(1.)X -1029(The)X -1183(placement)X -1542(of)X -1638(an)X -1742(incoming)X -2072(key)X -432 4470(now)N -604(requires)X -897(examination)X -1327(of)X -1428(the)X -1560(0)X -2 f -7 s -4438(th)Y -10 s -1 f -1691 4470(bit)N -1809(of)X -1910(the)X -2041(hash)X -432 4558(value,)N -667(and)X -824(the)X -963(key)X -1119(is)X -1212(placed)X -1462(either)X -1685(in)X -1787(bucket)X -2041(0)X -2121(or)X -432 4646(bucket)N -674(1.)X -782(If)X -864(either)X -1075(bucket)X -1317(0)X -1385(or)X -1480(bucket)X -1722(1)X -1790(\256lls)X -1937(up,)X -2064(it)X -2135(is)X -432 4734(split)N -598(as)X -693(before,)X -947(its)X -1050(bit)X -1162(is)X -1243(set)X -1360(in)X -1450(the)X -1576(bitmap,)X -1846(and)X -1990(a)X -2054(new)X -432 4822(set)N -541(of)X -628(unset)X -817(bits)X -952(are)X -1071(added)X -1283(to)X -1365(the)X -1483(bitmap.)X -604 4936(Each)N -791(time)X -959(we)X -1079(consider)X -1376(a)X -1437(new)X -1596(bit)X -1705(\(bit)X -1841(n\),)X -1953(we)X -2072(add)X -432 5024(2)N -2 f -7 s -4992(n)Y -9 f -509(+)X -1 f -540(1)X -10 s -595 5024(bits)N -737(to)X -826(the)X -951(bitmap)X -1199(and)X -1341(obtain)X -1567(2)X -2 f -7 s -4992(n)Y -9 f -1644(+)X -1 f -1675(1)X -10 s -1729 5024(more)N -1920(address-)X -432 5112(able)N -595(buckets)X -869(in)X -960(the)X -1087(\256le.)X -1258(As)X -1376(a)X -1441(result,)X -1668(the)X -1795(bitmap)X -2045(con-)X -432 5200(tains)N -618(the)X -751(previous)X -1062(2)X -2 f -7 s -5168(n)Y -9 f -1139(+)X -1 f -1170(1)X -2 f -10 s -9 f -5200(-)Y -1 f -1242(1)X -1317(bits)X -1467(\(1)X -2 f -9 f -1534(+)X -1 f -1578(2)X -2 f -9 f -(+)S -1 f -1662(4)X -2 f -9 f -(+)S -1 f -1746(...)X -2 f -9 f -(+)S -1 f -1850(2)X -2 f -7 s -5168(n)Y -10 s -1 f -1931 5200(\))N -1992(which)X -432 5288(trace)N -649(the)X -807(entire)X -2 f -1050(split)X -1247(history)X -1 f -1529(of)X -1656(the)X -1813(addressable)X -16 s -432 5433 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -472 5488(2)N -1 f -9 s -523 5513(This)N -670(bit-randomizing)X -1153(property)X -1416(is)X -1482(important)X -1780(to)X -1854(obtain)X -2052(radi-)X -432 5593(cally)N -599(different)X -874(hash)X -1033(values)X -1244(for)X -1355(nearly)X -1562(identical)X -1836(keys,)X -2012(which)X -432 5673(in)N -506(turn)X -640(avoids)X -846(clustering)X -1148(of)X -1226(such)X -1376(keys)X -1526(in)X -1600(a)X -1650(single)X -1840(bucket.)X -10 s -2418 538(buckets.)N -2590 652(Given)N -2809(a)X -2868(key)X -3007(and)X -3146(the)X -3267(bitmap)X -3512(created)X -3768(by)X -3871(this)X -4009(algo-)X -2418 740(rithm,)N -2638(we)X -2759(\256rst)X -2910(examine)X -3209(bit)X -3320(0)X -3386(of)X -3479(the)X -3603(bitmap)X -3851(\(the)X -4002(bit)X -4112(to)X -2418 828(consult)N -2673(when)X -2871(0)X -2934(bits)X -3072(of)X -3162(the)X -3283(hash)X -3453(value)X -3650(are)X -3772(being)X -3973(exam-)X -2418 916(ined\).)N -2631(If)X -2713(it)X -2785(is)X -2866(set)X -2982(\(indicating)X -3356(that)X -3503(the)X -3628(bucket)X -3869(split\),)X -4080(we)X -2418 1004(begin)N -2617(considering)X -3012(the)X -3131(bits)X -3267(of)X -3355(the)X -3473(32-bit)X -3684(hash)X -3851(value.)X -4085(As)X -2418 1092(bit)N -2525(n)X -2587(is)X -2662(revealed,)X -2977(a)X -3035(mask)X -3226(equal)X -3422(to)X -3506(2)X -2 f -7 s -1060(n)Y -9 f -3583(+)X -1 f -3614(1)X -2 f -10 s -9 f -1092(-)Y -1 f -3686(1)X -3748(will)X -3894(yield)X -4076(the)X -2418 1180(current)N -2675(bucket)X -2918(address.)X -3228(Adding)X -3496(2)X -2 f -7 s -1148(n)Y -9 f -3573(+)X -1 f -3604(1)X -2 f -10 s -9 f -1180(-)Y -1 f -3676(1)X -3744(to)X -3834(the)X -3960(bucket)X -2418 1268(address)N -2701(identi\256es)X -3035(which)X -3272(bit)X -3397(in)X -3500(the)X -3639(bitmap)X -3902(must)X -4098(be)X -2418 1356(checked.)N -2743(We)X -2876(continue)X -3173(revealing)X -3493(bits)X -3628(of)X -3715(the)X -3833(hash)X -4000(value)X -2418 1444(until)N -2591(all)X -2698(set)X -2814(bits)X -2955(in)X -3043(the)X -3167(bitmap)X -3415(are)X -3540(exhausted.)X -3907(The)X -4058(fol-)X -2418 1532(lowing)N -2682(algorithm,)X -3055(a)X -3133(simpli\256cation)X -3614(of)X -3723(the)X -3863(algorithm)X -2418 1620(due)N -2565(to)X -2658(Ken)X -2823(Thompson)X -3196([THOM90,)X -3590(TOR88],)X -3908(uses)X -4076(the)X -2418 1708(hash)N -2625(value)X -2839(and)X -2995(the)X -3133(bitmap)X -3395(to)X -3497(calculate)X -3823(the)X -3960(bucket)X -2418 1796(address)N -2679(as)X -2766(discussed)X -3093(above.)X -0(Courier)xf 0 f -1 f -0 f -8 s -2418 2095(hash)N -2608(=)X -2684 -0.4038(calchash\(key\);)AX -2418 2183(mask)N -2608(=)X -2684(0;)X -2418 2271(while)N -2646 -0.4018(\(isbitset\(\(hash)AX -3254(&)X -3330(mask\))X -3558(+)X -3634(mask\)\))X -2706 2359(mask)N -2896(=)X -2972(\(mask)X -3200(<<)X -3314(1\))X -3428(+)X -3504(1;)X -2418 2447(bucket)N -2684(=)X -2760(hash)X -2950(&)X -3026(mask;)X -2 f -10 s -3211 2812(sdbm)N -1 f -2590 2944(The)N -2 f -2738(sdbm)X -1 f -2930(library)X -3167(is)X -3243(a)X -3302(public-domain)X -3791(clone)X -3987(of)X -4076(the)X -2 f -2418 3032(ndbm)N -1 f -2638(library,)X -2914(developed)X -3286(by)X -3408(Ozan)X -3620(Yigit)X -3826(to)X -3929(provide)X -2 f -2418 3120(ndbm)N -1 f -2596('s)X -2692(functionality)X -3139(under)X -3359(some)X -3565(versions)X -3869(of)X -3973(UNIX)X -2418 3208(that)N -2559(exclude)X -2830(it)X -2894(for)X -3008(licensing)X -3317(reasons)X -3578([YIG89].)X -3895(The)X -4040(pro-)X -2418 3296(grammer)N -2735(interface,)X -3064(and)X -3207(the)X -3332(basic)X -3524(structure)X -3832(of)X -2 f -3926(sdbm)X -1 f -4121(is)X -2418 3384(identical)N -2733(to)X -2 f -2834(ndbm)X -1 f -3051(but)X -3192(internal)X -3476(details)X -3723(of)X -3828(the)X -2 f -3964(access)X -1 f -2418 3472(function,)N -2726(such)X -2894(as)X -2982(the)X -3101(calculation)X -3474(of)X -3561(the)X -3679(bucket)X -3913(address,)X -2418 3560(and)N -2563(the)X -2690(use)X -2825(of)X -2920(different)X -3225(hash)X -3400(functions)X -3726(make)X -3928(the)X -4054(two)X -2418 3648(incompatible)N -2856(at)X -2934(the)X -3052(database)X -3349(level.)X -2590 3762(The)N -2 f -2740(sdbm)X -1 f -2934(library)X -3173(is)X -3251(based)X -3458(on)X -3562(a)X -3622(simpli\256ed)X -3965(imple-)X -2418 3850(mentation)N -2778(of)X -2885(Larson's)X -3206(1978)X -2 f -3406(dynamic)X -3717(hashing)X -1 f -4009(algo-)X -2418 3938(rithm)N -2616(including)X -2943(the)X -2 f -3066(re\256nements)X -3461(and)X -3605(variations)X -1 f -3953(of)X -4044(sec-)X -2418 4026(tion)N -2562(5)X -2622([LAR78].)X -2956(Larson's)X -3257(original)X -3526(algorithm)X -3857(calls)X -4024(for)X -4138(a)X -2418 4114(forest)N -2635(of)X -2736(binary)X -2975(hash)X -3156(trees)X -3341(that)X -3494(are)X -3626(accessed)X -3941(by)X -4054(two)X -2418 4202(hash)N -2586(functions.)X -2925(The)X -3071(\256rst)X -3216(hash)X -3384(function)X -3672(selects)X -3907(a)X -3964(partic-)X -2418 4290(ular)N -2571(tree)X -2720(within)X -2952(the)X -3078(forest.)X -3309(The)X -3462(second)X -3713(hash)X -3887(function,)X -2418 4378(which)N -2659(is)X -2757(required)X -3070(to)X -3177(be)X -3297(a)X -3377(boolean)X -3675(pseudo-random)X -2418 4466(number)N -2687(generator)X -3015(that)X -3159(is)X -3236(seeded)X -3479(by)X -3583(the)X -3705(key,)X -3865(is)X -3942(used)X -4112(to)X -2418 4554(traverse)N -2733(the)X -2890(tree)X -3070(until)X -3275(internal)X -3579(\(split\))X -3829(nodes)X -4075(are)X -2418 4642(exhausted)N -2763(and)X -2903(an)X -3003(external)X -3286(\(non-split\))X -3648(node)X -3827(is)X -3903(reached.)X -2418 4730(The)N -2571(bucket)X -2813(addresses)X -3149(are)X -3276(stored)X -3500(directly)X -3772(in)X -3861(the)X -3986(exter-)X -2418 4818(nal)N -2536(nodes.)X -2590 4932(Larson's)N -2903(re\256nements)X -3309(are)X -3440(based)X -3655(on)X -3767(the)X -3897(observa-)X -2418 5020(tion)N -2570(that)X -2718(the)X -2844(nodes)X -3059(can)X -3199(be)X -3303(represented)X -3702(by)X -3809(a)X -3872(single)X -4090(bit)X -2418 5108(that)N -2569(is)X -2653(set)X -2773(for)X -2898(internal)X -3174(nodes)X -3392(and)X -3539(not)X -3672(set)X -3791(for)X -3915(external)X -2418 5196(nodes,)N -2652(resulting)X -2959(in)X -3048(a)X -3111(radix)X -3303(search)X -3536(trie.)X -3709(Figure)X -3944(1)X -4010(illus-)X -2418 5284(trates)N -2621(this.)X -2804(Nodes)X -3037(A)X -3123(and)X -3267(B)X -3348(are)X -3475(internal)X -3748(\(split\))X -3967(nodes,)X -2418 5372(thus)N -2573(having)X -2813(no)X -2915(bucket)X -3151(addresses)X -3480(associated)X -3831(with)X -3994(them.)X -2418 5460(Instead,)N -2693(the)X -2814(external)X -3096(nodes)X -3306(\(C,)X -3429(D,)X -3530(and)X -3669(E\))X -3768(each)X -3938(need)X -4112(to)X -2418 5548(refer)N -2594(to)X -2679(a)X -2738(bucket)X -2975(address.)X -3279(These)X -3494(bucket)X -3731(addresses)X -4062(can)X -2418 5636(be)N -2529(stored)X -2760(in)X -2857(the)X -2990(trie)X -3132(itself)X -3327(where)X -3559(the)X -3691(subtries)X -3974(would)X -3 f -432 5960(2)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -3 p -%%Page: 3 3 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -1 f -720 538(live)N -862(if)X -933(they)X -1092(existed)X -1340([KNU68].)X -1709(For)X -1841(example,)X -2154(if)X -2224(nodes)X -2432(F)X -720 626(and)N -858(G)X -938(were)X -1117(the)X -1237(children)X -1522(of)X -1610(node)X -1787(C,)X -1881(the)X -2000(bucket)X -2235(address)X -720 714(L00)N -886(could)X -1101(reside)X -1330(in)X -1429(the)X -1563(bits)X -1714(that)X -1870(will)X -2030(eventually)X -2400(be)X -720 802(used)N -887(to)X -969(store)X -1145(nodes)X -1352(F)X -1416(and)X -1552(G)X -1630(and)X -1766(all)X -1866(their)X -2033(children.)X -10 f -720 890 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -1894 2247(L1)N -784 1925(A)N -1431(E)X -1106 2247(D)N -1428 1281(C)N -1109 1603(B)N -1884 1930(L01)N -1879 1286(L00)N -1221 1814(1)N -903 2131(1)N -1221 1402(0)N -903 1714(0)N -1 Dt -1397 1821 MXY --8 -32 Dl --5 19 Dl --20 6 Dl -33 7 Dl --187 -182 Dl -1397 1322 MXY --33 7 Dl -20 6 Dl -5 19 Dl -8 -32 Dl --187 182 Dl -1069 1639 MXY --32 7 Dl -20 6 Dl -5 19 Dl -7 -32 Dl --186 182 Dl -1374 1891 MXY -185 Dc -1779 2133 MXY -0 161 Dl -322 0 Dl -0 -161 Dl --322 0 Dl -1811 MY -0 161 Dl -322 0 Dl -0 -161 Dl --322 0 Dl -1166 MY -0 161 Dl -322 0 Dl -0 -161 Dl --322 0 Dl -1052 2213 MXY -185 Dc -1569 MY -185 Dc -720 1881 MXY -185 Dc -1779 2213 MXY --28 -17 Dl -10 17 Dl --10 18 Dl -28 -18 Dl --543 0 Dl -1769 1891 MXY --28 -18 Dl -10 18 Dl --10 18 Dl -28 -18 Dl --201 0 Dl -1364 1247 MXY -185 Dc -1769 MX --28 -18 Dl -10 18 Dl --10 18 Dl -28 -18 Dl --201 0 Dl -1064 2143 MXY --7 -32 Dl --5 19 Dl --20 6 Dl -32 7 Dl --181 -181 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -720 2482(Figure)N -925(1:)X -1 f -1002(Radix)X -1179(search)X -1365(trie)X -1474(with)X -1612(internal)X -1831(nodes)X -2004(A)X -2074(and)X -2189(B,)X -2271(external)X -720 2570(nodes)N -891(C,)X -972(D,)X -1056(and)X -1170(E,)X -1247(and)X -1361(bucket)X -1553(addresses)X -1819(stored)X -1997(in)X -2069(the)X -2168(unused)X -2370(por-)X -720 2658(tion)N -836(of)X -905(the)X -999(trie.)X -10 s -10 f -720 2922 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 f -892 3124(Further)N -1153(simpli\256cations)X -1647(of)X -1738(the)X -1860(above)X -2076([YIG89])X -2377(are)X -720 3212(possible.)N -1038(Using)X -1265(a)X -1337(single)X -1564(radix)X -1765(trie)X -1908(to)X -2006(avoid)X -2219(the)X -2352(\256rst)X -720 3300(hash)N -904(function,)X -1227(replacing)X -1562(the)X -1696(pseudo-random)X -2231(number)X -720 3388(generator)N -1052(with)X -1222(a)X -1286(well)X -1452(designed,)X -1785(bit-randomizing)X -2329(hash)X -720 3476(function,)N -1053(and)X -1215(using)X -1434(the)X -1578(portion)X -1855(of)X -1967(the)X -2110(hash)X -2302(value)X -720 3564(exposed)N -1021(during)X -1268(the)X -1404(trie)X -1549(traversal)X -1864(as)X -1969(a)X -2042(direct)X -2262(bucket)X -720 3652(address)N -990(results)X -1228(in)X -1319(an)X -2 f -1424(access)X -1 f -1663(function)X -1959(that)X -2108(works)X -2333(very)X -720 3740(similar)N -974(to)X -1068(Thompson's)X -1499(algorithm)X -1841(above.)X -2084(The)X -2240(follow-)X -720 3828(ing)N -847(algorithm)X -1183(uses)X -1346(the)X -1469(hash)X -1641(value)X -1840(to)X -1927(traverse)X -2206(a)X -2266(linear-)X -720 3916(ized)N -874(radix)X -1059(trie)X -2 f -8 s -1166 3891(3)N -1 f -10 s -1218 3916(starting)N -1478(at)X -1556(the)X -1674(0)X -2 f -7 s -3884(th)Y -10 s -1 f -1791 3916(bit.)N -0 f -8 s -720 4215(tbit)N -910(=)X -986(0;)X -1296(/*)X -1410(radix)X -1638(trie)X -1828(index)X -2056(*/)X -720 4303(hbit)N -910(=)X -986(0;)X -1296(/*)X -1410(hash)X -1600(bit)X -1752(index)X -2056(*/)X -720 4391(mask)N -910(=)X -986(0;)X -720 4479(hash)N -910(=)X -986 -0.4038(calchash\(key\);)AX -720 4655(for)N -872(\(mask)X -1100(=)X -1176(0;)X -910 4743 -0.4018(isbitset\(tbit\);)AN -910 4831(mask)N -1100(=)X -1176(\(mask)X -1404(<<)X -1518(1\))X -1632(+)X -1708(1\))X -1008 4919(if)N -1122(\(hash)X -1350(&)X -1426(\(1)X -1540(<<)X -1654 -0.4219(hbit++\)\)\))AX -1160 5007(/*)N -1274(right)X -1502(son)X -1692(*/)X -1160 5095(tbit)N -1350(=)X -1426(2)X -1502(*)X -1578(tbit)X -1768(+)X -1844(2;)X -1008 5183(else)N -1 f -16 s -720 5353 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -760 5408(3)N -1 f -9 s -818 5433(A)N -896(linearized)X -1206(radix)X -1380(trie)X -1502(is)X -1576(merely)X -1802(an)X -1895(array)X -2068(representation)X -720 5513(of)N -800(the)X -908(radix)X -1076(search)X -1280(trie)X -1396(described)X -1692(above.)X -1920(The)X -2052(children)X -2308(of)X -2388(the)X -720 5593(node)N -885(with)X -1038(index)X -1223(i)X -1267(can)X -1391(be)X -1483(found)X -1675(at)X -1751(the)X -1863(nodes)X -2055(indexed)X -2307(2*i+1)X -720 5673(and)N -842(2*i+2.)X -0 f -8 s -3146 538(/*)N -3260(left)X -3450(son)X -3678(*/)X -3146 626(tbit)N -3336(=)X -3412(2)X -3488(*)X -3564(tbit)X -3754(+)X -3830(1;)X -2706 802(bucket)N -2972(=)X -3048(hash)X -3238(&)X -3314(mask;)X -2 f -10 s -3495 1167(gdbm)N -1 f -2878 1299(The)N -3027(gdbm)X -3233(\(GNU)X -3458(data)X -3616(base)X -3783(manager\))X -4111(library)X -4349(is)X -4426(a)X -2706 1387(UNIX)N -2933(database)X -3236(manager)X -3539(written)X -3792(by)X -3897(Philip)X -4112(A.)X -4215(Nelson,)X -2706 1475(and)N -2848(made)X -3048(available)X -3364(as)X -3457(a)X -3518(part)X -3668(of)X -3760(the)X -3883(FSF)X -4040(software)X -4342(dis-)X -2706 1563(tribution.)N -3052(The)X -3207(gdbm)X -3419(library)X -3663(provides)X -3969(the)X -4097(same)X -4292(func-)X -2706 1651(tionality)N -3028(of)X -3151(the)X -2 f -3304(dbm)X -1 f -3442(/)X -2 f -3464(ndbm)X -1 f -3697(libraries)X -4015([NEL90])X -4360(but)X -2706 1739(attempts)N -3018(to)X -3121(avoid)X -3340(some)X -3550(of)X -3658(their)X -3846(shortcomings.)X -4337(The)X -2706 1827(gdbm)N -2918(library)X -3162(allows)X -3401(for)X -3525(arbitrary-length)X -4059(data,)X -4242(and)X -4387(its)X -2706 1915(database)N -3027(is)X -3124(a)X -3203(singular,)X -3524(non-sparse)X -2 f -8 s -3872 1890(4)N -1 f -10 s -3947 1915(\256le.)N -4112(The)X -4280(gdbm)X -2706 2003(library)N -2947(also)X -3103(includes)X -2 f -3396(dbm)X -1 f -3560(and)X -2 f -3702(ndbm)X -1 f -3906(compatible)X -4288(inter-)X -2706 2091(faces.)N -2878 2205(The)N -3025(gdbm)X -3229(library)X -3465(is)X -3540(based)X -3745(on)X -2 f -3847(extensible)X -4189(hashing)X -1 f -4442(,)X -2706 2293(a)N -2766(dynamic)X -3066(hashing)X -3339(algorithm)X -3674(by)X -3778(Fagin)X -3984(et)X -4066(al)X -4148([FAG79].)X -2706 2381(This)N -2881(algorithm)X -3225(differs)X -3467(from)X -3655(the)X -3785(previously)X -4155(discussed)X -2706 2469(algorithms)N -3069(in)X -3152(that)X -3293(it)X -3358(uses)X -3517(a)X -2 f -3574(directory)X -1 f -3889(that)X -4030(is)X -4103(a)X -4159(collapsed)X -2706 2557(representation)N -3192([ENB88])X -3517(of)X -3615(the)X -3744(radix)X -3940(search)X -4177(trie)X -4315(used)X -2706 2645(by)N -2 f -2806(sdbm)X -1 f -2975(.)X -10 f -2706 2733 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -7 s -3572 3761(L1)N -1 Dt -3485 3738 MXY --20 -13 Dl -7 13 Dl --7 13 Dl -20 -13 Dl --400 0 Dl -3180 3027 MXY -136 Dc -2706 3494 MXY -136 Dc -2950 3264 MXY -136 Dc -3738 MY -136 Dc -3485 2968 MXY -0 118 Dl -238 0 Dl -0 -118 Dl --238 0 Dl -3442 MY -0 119 Dl -238 0 Dl -0 -119 Dl --238 0 Dl -3679 MY -0 119 Dl -238 0 Dl -0 -119 Dl --238 0 Dl -3187 3501 MXY -136 Dc -2963 3316 MXY --24 5 Dl -15 4 Dl -4 15 Dl -5 -24 Dl --137 134 Dl -3204 3083 MXY --24 5 Dl -15 4 Dl -3 14 Dl -6 -23 Dl --137 133 Dl -3204 3450 MXY --6 -24 Dl --3 14 Dl --15 5 Dl -24 5 Dl --137 -134 Dl -2842 3369(0)N -3075 3139(0)N -2842 3676(1)N -3075 3443(1)N -3562 3054(L00)N -3565 3528(L01)N -4197 2968 MXY -0 118 Dl -237 0 Dl -0 -118 Dl --237 0 Dl -3205 MY -0 119 Dl -237 0 Dl -0 -119 Dl --237 0 Dl -3561 MY -0 118 Dl -237 0 Dl -0 -118 Dl --237 0 Dl -3960 2909 MXY -0 237 Dl -118 0 Dl -0 -237 Dl --118 0 Dl -3146 MY -0 237 Dl -118 0 Dl -0 -237 Dl --118 0 Dl -3383 MY -0 237 Dl -118 0 Dl -0 -237 Dl --118 0 Dl -3620 MY -0 237 Dl -118 0 Dl -0 -237 Dl --118 0 Dl -4197 3027 MXY --21 -13 Dl -8 13 Dl --8 13 Dl -21 -13 Dl --119 0 Dl -4197 3264 MXY --21 -13 Dl -8 13 Dl --8 13 Dl -21 -13 Dl --119 0 Dl -3501 MY -59 0 Dl -0 89 Dl -4078 3738 MXY -59 0 Dl -0 -88 Dl -4197 3590 MXY --21 -13 Dl -8 13 Dl --8 13 Dl -21 -13 Dl --60 0 Dl -4197 3650 MXY --21 -13 Dl -8 13 Dl --8 13 Dl -21 -13 Dl --60 0 Dl -3991 3050(00)N -3991 3287(01)N -3991 3524(10)N -3991 3761(11)N -4269 3050(L00)N -4269 3287(L01)N -4283 3643(L1)N -3485 3501 MXY --20 -13 Dl -7 13 Dl --7 13 Dl -20 -13 Dl --155 0 Dl -3485 3027 MXY --20 -13 Dl -7 13 Dl --7 13 Dl -20 -13 Dl --163 0 Dl -2967 3687 MXY --5 -24 Dl --4 14 Dl --15 4 Dl -24 6 Dl --141 -141 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -2706 4033(Figure)N -2903(2:)X -1 f -2972(A)X -3034(radix)X -3181(search)X -3359(trie)X -3460(and)X -3568(a)X -3612(directory)X -3858(representing)X -4189(the)X -4283(trie.)X -10 s -10 f -2706 4209 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 f -2878 4411(In)N -2968(this)X -3106(algorithm,)X -3460(a)X -3519(directory)X -3832(consists)X -4108(of)X -4198(a)X -4256(search)X -2706 4499(trie)N -2847(of)X -2947(depth)X -2 f -3158(n)X -1 f -3211(,)X -3264(containing)X -3635(2)X -2 f -7 s -4467(n)Y -10 s -1 f -3749 4499(bucket)N -3996(addresses)X -4337(\(i.e.)X -2706 4587(each)N -2897(element)X -3194(of)X -3304(the)X -3445(trie)X -3594(is)X -3689(a)X -3767(bucket)X -4023(address\).)X -4373(To)X -2706 4675(access)N -2935(the)X -3056(hash)X -3226(table,)X -3425(a)X -3483(32-bit)X -3696(hash)X -3865(value)X -4061(is)X -4136(calculated)X -2706 4763(and)N -2 f -2861(n)X -1 f -2953(bits)X -3107(of)X -3213(the)X -3350(value)X -3563(are)X -3701(used)X -3886(to)X -3986(index)X -4202(into)X -4364(the)X -2706 4851(directory)N -3018(to)X -3102(obtain)X -3324(a)X -3382(bucket)X -3618(address.)X -3921(It)X -3992(is)X -4067(important)X -4400(to)X -2706 4939(note)N -2866(that)X -3008(multiple)X -3296(entries)X -3532(of)X -3620(this)X -3756(directory)X -4067(may)X -4226(contain)X -2706 5027(the)N -2833(same)X -3026(bucket)X -3268(address)X -3537(as)X -3632(a)X -3696(result)X -3902(of)X -3997(directory)X -4315(dou-)X -2706 5115(bling)N -2903(during)X -3145(bucket)X -3392(splitting.)X -3706(Figure)X -3948(2)X -4021(illustrates)X -4364(the)X -2706 5203(relationship)N -3126(between)X -3436(a)X -3513(typical)X -3772(\(skewed\))X -4108(search)X -4355(trie)X -2706 5291(and)N -2850(its)X -2953(directory)X -3271(representation.)X -3774(The)X -3927(formation)X -4270(of)X -4364(the)X -2706 5379(directory)N -3016(shown)X -3245(in)X -3327(the)X -3445(\256gure)X -3652(is)X -3725(as)X -3812(follows.)X -16 s -2706 5593 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -2746 5648(4)N -1 f -9 s -2796 5673(It)N -2858(does)X -3008(not)X -3118(contain)X -3348(holes.)X -3 f -10 s -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4424(3)X - -4 p -%%Page: 4 4 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -1 f -604 538(Initially,)N -937(there)X -1158(is)X -1271(one)X -1446(slot)X -1620(in)X -1741(the)X -1898(directory)X -432 626(addressing)N -802(a)X -865(single)X -1083(bucket.)X -1364(The)X -1515(depth)X -1719(of)X -1812(the)X -1936(trie)X -2069(is)X -2148(0)X -432 714(and)N -577(0)X -646(bits)X -790(of)X -886(each)X -1063(hash)X -1239(value)X -1442(are)X -1570(examined)X -1910(to)X -2000(deter-)X -432 802(mine)N -624(in)X -718(which)X -946(bucket)X -1192(to)X -1286(place)X -1488(a)X -1556(key;)X -1726(all)X -1837(keys)X -2015(go)X -2126(in)X -432 890(bucket)N -682(0.)X -797(When)X -1024(this)X -1174(bucket)X -1423(is)X -1511(full,)X -1677(its)X -1787(contents)X -2089(are)X -432 978(divided)N -698(between)X -992(L0)X -1107(and)X -1249(L1)X -1363(as)X -1455(was)X -1605(done)X -1786(in)X -1873(the)X -1996(previ-)X -432 1066(ously)N -664(discussed)X -1030(algorithms.)X -1471(After)X -1700(this)X -1874(split,)X -2090(the)X -432 1154(address)N -710(of)X -814(the)X -948(second)X -1207(bucket)X -1457(must)X -1648(be)X -1760(stored)X -1992(in)X -2090(the)X -432 1242(directory.)N -796(To)X -939(accommodate)X -1438(the)X -1589(new)X -1776(address,)X -2090(the)X -432 1330(directory)N -752(is)X -835(split)X -2 f -8 s -972 1305(5)N -1 f -10 s -1330(,)Y -1054(by)X -1163(doubling)X -1476(it,)X -1569(thus)X -1731(increasing)X -2090(the)X -432 1418(depth)N -630(of)X -717(the)X -835(directory)X -1145(by)X -1245(one.)X -604 1532(After)N -813(this)X -967(split,)X -1163(a)X -1237(single)X -1466(bit)X -1588(of)X -1693(the)X -1829(hash)X -2014(value)X -432 1620(needs)N -663(to)X -773(be)X -896(examined)X -1255(to)X -1364(decide)X -1621(whether)X -1927(the)X -2072(key)X -432 1708(belongs)N -711(to)X -803(L0)X -922(or)X -1019(L1.)X -1158(Once)X -1358(one)X -1504(of)X -1601(these)X -1795(buckets)X -2069(\256lls)X -432 1796(\(L0)N -578(for)X -702(example\),)X -1051(it)X -1125(is)X -1208(split)X -1375(as)X -1472(before,)X -1728(and)X -1873(the)X -2000(direc-)X -432 1884(tory)N -585(is)X -662(split)X -823(again)X -1021(to)X -1107(make)X -1305(room)X -1498(for)X -1615(the)X -1736(address)X -2000(of)X -2090(the)X -432 1972(third)N -618(bucket.)X -927(This)X -1104(splitting)X -1400(causes)X -1645(the)X -1778(addresses)X -2121(of)X -432 2060(the)N -567(non-splitting)X -1012(bucket)X -1263(\(L1\))X -1443(to)X -1541(be)X -1653(duplicated.)X -2063(The)X -432 2148(directory)N -766(now)X -948(has)X -1099(four)X -1277(entries,)X -1555(a)X -1635(depth)X -1857(of)X -1968(2,)X -2072(and)X -432 2236(indexes)N -700(the)X -821(buckets)X -1089(L00,)X -1261(L01)X -1413(and)X -1552(L1,)X -1684(as)X -1774(shown)X -2006(in)X -2090(the)X -432 2324(Figure)N -661(2.)X -604 2438(The)N -756(crucial)X -1002(part)X -1154(of)X -1247(the)X -1371(algorithm)X -1708(is)X -1787(the)X -1911(observa-)X -432 2526(tion)N -580(that)X -724(L1)X -837(is)X -914(addressed)X -1255(twice)X -1453(in)X -1539(the)X -1661(directory.)X -1995(If)X -2073(this)X -432 2614(bucket)N -679(were)X -869(to)X -964(split)X -1134(now,)X -1324(the)X -1454(directory)X -1776(already)X -2045(con-)X -432 2702(tains)N -611(room)X -808(to)X -898(hold)X -1067(the)X -1192(address)X -1460(of)X -1554(the)X -1679(new)X -1840(bucket.)X -2121(In)X -432 2790(general,)N -711(the)X -831(relationship)X -1231(between)X -1521(the)X -1641(directory)X -1953(and)X -2090(the)X -432 2878(number)N -704(of)X -798(bucket)X -1039(addresses)X -1374(contained)X -1713(therein)X -1962(is)X -2041(used)X -432 2966(to)N -517(decide)X -750(when)X -947(to)X -1031(split)X -1190(the)X -1310(directory.)X -1662(Each)X -1845(bucket)X -2081(has)X -432 3054(a)N -505(depth,)X -740(\()X -2 f -767(n)X -7 s -3070(b)Y -10 s -1 f -848 3054(\),)N -932(associated)X -1299(with)X -1478(it)X -1558(and)X -1710(appears)X -1992(in)X -2090(the)X -432 3142(directory)N -744(exactly)X -998(2)X -2 f -7 s -3106(n)Y -9 f -1075(-)X -2 f -1106(n)X -4 s -3110(b)Y -7 s -1 f -10 s -1181 3142(times.)N -1396(When)X -1610(a)X -1668(bucket)X -1904(splits,)X -2113(its)X -432 3230(depth)N -638(increases)X -961(by)X -1069(one.)X -1253(The)X -1406(directory)X -1724(must)X -1907(split)X -2072(any)X -432 3318(time)N -602(a)X -665(bucket's)X -964(depth)X -1169(exceeds)X -1451(the)X -1576(depth)X -1781(of)X -1875(the)X -2000(direc-)X -432 3406(tory.)N -630(The)X -784(following)X -1123(code)X -1303(fragment)X -1621(helps)X -1818(to)X -1908(illustrate)X -432 3494(the)N -554(extendible)X -912(hashing)X -1185(algorithm)X -1520([FAG79])X -1838(for)X -1955(access-)X -432 3582(ing)N -554(individual)X -898(buckets)X -1163(and)X -1299(maintaining)X -1701(the)X -1819(directory.)X -0 f -8 s -432 3881(hash)N -622(=)X -698 -0.4038(calchash\(key\);)AX -432 3969(mask)N -622(=)X -698 -0.4018(maskvec[depth];)AX -432 4145(bucket)N -698(=)X -774 -0.4038(directory[hash)AX -1344(&)X -1420(mask];)X -432 4321(/*)N -546(Key)X -698 -0.4219(Insertion)AX -1078(*/)X -432 4409(if)N -546 -0.4038(\(store\(bucket,)AX -1116(key,)X -1306(data\))X -1534(==)X -1648(FAIL\))X -1876({)X -720 4497(newbl)N -948(=)X -1024 -0.4167(getpage\(\);)AX -720 4585 -0.4000(bucket->depth++;)AN -720 4673 -0.4091(newbl->depth)AN -1214(=)X -1290 -0.4038(bucket->depth;)AX -720 4761(if)N -834 -0.4038(\(bucket->depth)AX -1404(>)X -1480(depth\))X -1746({)X -1008 4849(/*)N -1122(double)X -1388 -0.4219(directory)AX -1768(*/)X -1008 4937(depth++;)N -1 f -16 s -432 5033 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -472 5088(5)N -1 f -9 s -534 5113(This)N -692(decision)X -962(to)X -1048(split)X -1202(the)X -1319(directory)X -1608(is)X -1685(based)X -1878(on)X -1979(a)X -2040(com-)X -432 5193(parison)N -666(of)X -748(the)X -858(depth)X -1040(of)X -1121(the)X -1230(page)X -1387(being)X -1568(split)X -1713(and)X -1838(the)X -1947(depth)X -2128(of)X -432 5273(the)N -543(trie.)X -698(In)X -781(Figure)X -992(2,)X -1069(the)X -1180(depths)X -1390(of)X -1472(both)X -1622(L00)X -1760(and)X -1886(L01)X -2024(are)X -2134(2,)X -432 5353(whereas)N -689(the)X -798(depth)X -979(of)X -1060(L1)X -1161(is)X -1230(1.)X -1323(Therefore,)X -1646(if)X -1710(L1)X -1810(were)X -1970(to)X -2046(split,)X -432 5433(the)N -543(directory)X -826(would)X -1029(not)X -1144(need)X -1303(to)X -1382(split.)X -1565(In)X -1648(reality,)X -1872(a)X -1926(bucket)X -2140(is)X -432 5513(allocated)N -727(for)X -846(the)X -969(directory)X -1264(at)X -1351(the)X -1474(time)X -1637(of)X -1732(\256le)X -1858(creation)X -2124(so)X -432 5593(although)N -707(the)X -818(directory)X -1100(splits)X -1274(logically,)X -1566(physical)X -1828(splits)X -2002(do)X -2096(not)X -432 5673(occur)N -610(until)X -760(the)X -866(\256le)X -976(becomes)X -1246(quite)X -1408(large.)X -0 f -8 s -2994 538 -0.4219(directory)AN -3374(=)X -3450 -0.3971(double\(directory\);)AX -2706 626(})N -2706 714 -0.3958(splitbucket\(bucket,)AN -3466(newbl\))X -2706 802(...)N -2418 890(})N -2 f -10 s -3169 1255(hsearch)N -1 f -2590 1387(Since)N -2 f -2807(hsearch)X -1 f -3100(does)X -3286(not)X -3427(have)X -3617(to)X -3717(translate)X -4027(hash)X -2418 1475(values)N -2659(into)X -2819(disk)X -2988(addresses,)X -3352(it)X -3432(can)X -3579(use)X -3721(much)X -3934(simpler)X -2418 1563(algorithms)N -2808(than)X -2994(those)X -3211(de\256ned)X -3495(above.)X -3775(System)X -4058(V's)X -2 f -2418 1651(hsearch)N -1 f -2708(constructs)X -3069(a)X -3141(\256xed-size)X -3489(hash)X -3671(table)X -3862(\(speci\256ed)X -2418 1739(by)N -2519(the)X -2637(user)X -2791(at)X -2869(table)X -3045(creation\).)X -3391(By)X -3504(default,)X -3767(a)X -3823(multiplica-)X -2418 1827(tive)N -2570(hash)X -2748(function)X -3046(based)X -3260(on)X -3371(that)X -3522(described)X -3861(in)X -3954(Knuth,)X -2418 1915(Volume)N -2710(3,)X -2804(section)X -3065(6.4)X -3199([KNU68])X -3541(is)X -3628(used)X -3809(to)X -3905(obtain)X -4138(a)X -2418 2003(primary)N -2694(bucket)X -2930(address.)X -3233(If)X -3309(this)X -3446(bucket)X -3681(is)X -3755(full,)X -3907(a)X -3964(secon-)X -2418 2091(dary)N -2593(multiplicative)X -3069(hash)X -3248(value)X -3454(is)X -3538(computed)X -3885(to)X -3978(de\256ne)X -2418 2179(the)N -2542(probe)X -2751(interval.)X -3062(The)X -3213(probe)X -3422(interval)X -3693(is)X -3772(added)X -3989(to)X -4076(the)X -2418 2267(original)N -2712(bucket)X -2971(address)X -3257(\(modulo)X -3573(the)X -3716(table)X -3916(size\))X -4112(to)X -2418 2355(obtain)N -2658(a)X -2734(new)X -2908(bucket)X -3162(address.)X -3483(This)X -3665(process)X -3946(repeats)X -2418 2443(until)N -2588(an)X -2688(empty)X -2911(bucket)X -3148(is)X -3224(found.)X -3474(If)X -3551(no)X -3654(bucket)X -3891(is)X -3967(found,)X -2418 2531(an)N -2514(insertion)X -2814(fails)X -2972(with)X -3134(a)X -3190(``table)X -3420(full'')X -3605(condition.)X -2590 2645(The)N -2768(basic)X -2986(algorithm)X -3350(may)X -3541(be)X -3670(modi\256ed)X -4006(by)X -4138(a)X -2418 2733(number)N -2705(of)X -2813(compile)X -3112(time)X -3295(options)X -3571(available)X -3902(to)X -4005(those)X -2418 2821(users)N -2604(with)X -2767(AT&T)X -3006(source)X -3237(code.)X -3450(First,)X -3637(the)X -3756(package)X -4040(pro-)X -2418 2909(vides)N -2638(two)X -2809(options)X -3094(for)X -3238(hash)X -3435(functions.)X -3803(Users)X -4036(may)X -2418 2997(specify)N -2690(their)X -2877(own)X -3055(hash)X -3242(function)X -3549(by)X -3669(compiling)X -4032(with)X -2418 3085(``USCR'')N -2757(de\256ned)X -3016(and)X -3155(declaring)X -3477(and)X -3616(de\256ning)X -3901(the)X -4022(vari-)X -2418 3173(able)N -2 f -2578(hcompar)X -1 f -2863(,)X -2909(a)X -2971(function)X -3263(taking)X -3488(two)X -3633(string)X -3840(arguments)X -2418 3261(and)N -2560(returning)X -2880(an)X -2982(integer.)X -3271(Users)X -3480(may)X -3643(also)X -3797(request)X -4054(that)X -2418 3349(hash)N -2587(values)X -2814(be)X -2912(computed)X -3250(simply)X -3489(by)X -3590(taking)X -3811(the)X -3930(modulo)X -2418 3437(of)N -2521(key)X -2673(\(using)X -2909(division)X -3201(rather)X -3424(than)X -3597(multiplication)X -4080(for)X -2418 3525(hash)N -2589(value)X -2787(calculation\).)X -3230(If)X -3308(this)X -3447(technique)X -3783(is)X -3859(used,)X -4049(col-)X -2418 3613(lisions)N -2651(are)X -2775(resolved)X -3072(by)X -3176(scanning)X -3485(sequentially)X -3896(from)X -4076(the)X -2418 3701(selected)N -2702(bucket)X -2941(\(linear)X -3176(probing\).)X -3517(This)X -3684(option)X -3913(is)X -3991(avail-)X -2418 3789(able)N -2572(by)X -2672(de\256ning)X -2954(the)X -3072(variable)X -3351(``DIV'')X -3622(at)X -3700(compile)X -3978(time.)X -2590 3903(A)N -2720(second)X -3015(option,)X -3311(based)X -3565(on)X -3716(an)X -3863(algorithm)X -2418 3991(discovered)N -2787(by)X -2888(Richard)X -3163(P.)X -3248(Brent,)X -3466(rearranges)X -3822(the)X -3940(table)X -4116(at)X -2418 4079(the)N -2549(time)X -2724(of)X -2824(insertion)X -3137(in)X -3232(order)X -3434(to)X -3528(speed)X -3743(up)X -3855(retrievals.)X -2418 4167(The)N -2571(basic)X -2764(idea)X -2926(is)X -3007(to)X -3097(shorten)X -3361(long)X -3531(probe)X -3741(sequences)X -4094(by)X -2418 4255(lengthening)N -2833(short)X -3030(probe)X -3249(sequences.)X -3651(Once)X -3857(the)X -3991(probe)X -2418 4343(chain)N -2613(has)X -2741(exceeded)X -3062(some)X -3252(threshold)X -3571(\(Brent)X -3796(suggests)X -4087(2\),)X -2418 4431(we)N -2541(attempt)X -2809(to)X -2899(shuf\257e)X -3145(any)X -3289(colliding)X -3601(keys)X -3776(\(keys)X -3978(which)X -2418 4519(appeared)N -2734(in)X -2821(the)X -2944(probe)X -3152(sequence)X -3471(of)X -3562(the)X -3684(new)X -3842(key\).)X -4049(The)X -2418 4607(details)N -2652(of)X -2744(this)X -2884(key)X -3025(shuf\257ing)X -3333(can)X -3469(be)X -3569(found)X -3780(in)X -3866([KNU68])X -2418 4695(and)N -2576([BRE73].)X -2946(This)X -3129(algorithm)X -3481(may)X -3660(be)X -3777(obtained)X -4094(by)X -2418 4783(de\256ning)N -2700(the)X -2818(variable)X -3097(``BRENT'')X -3487(at)X -3565(compile)X -3843(time.)X -2590 4897(A)N -2698(third)X -2899(set)X -3038(of)X -3154(options,)X -3458(obtained)X -3783(by)X -3912(de\256ning)X -2418 4985(``CHAINED'',)N -2943(use)X -3086(linked)X -3321(lists)X -3484(to)X -3581(resolve)X -3848(collisions.)X -2418 5073(Either)N -2647(of)X -2747(the)X -2878(primary)X -3164(hash)X -3343(function)X -3642(described)X -3982(above)X -2418 5161(may)N -2584(be)X -2688(used,)X -2882(but)X -3011(all)X -3118(collisions)X -3451(are)X -3577(resolved)X -3876(by)X -3983(build-)X -2418 5249(ing)N -2554(a)X -2623(linked)X -2856(list)X -2986(of)X -3086(entries)X -3333(from)X -3522(the)X -3653(primary)X -3940(bucket.)X -2418 5337(By)N -2542(default,)X -2816(new)X -2981(entries)X -3226(will)X -3381(be)X -3488(added)X -3711(to)X -3804(a)X -3871(bucket)X -4116(at)X -2418 5425(the)N -2541(beginning)X -2886(of)X -2978(the)X -3101(bucket)X -3339(chain.)X -3577(However,)X -3916(compile)X -2418 5513(options)N -2706(``SORTUP'')X -3173(or)X -3293(``SORTDOWN'')X -3908(may)X -4098(be)X -2418 5601(speci\256ed)N -2723(to)X -2805(order)X -2995(the)X -3113(hash)X -3280(chains)X -3505(within)X -3729(each)X -3897(bucket.)X -3 f -432 5960(4)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -5 p -%%Page: 5 5 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -2 f -1444 538(dynahash)N -1 f -892 670(The)N -2 f -1054(dynahash)X -1 f -1398(library,)X -1669(written)X -1932(by)X -2048(Esmond)X -2346(Pitt,)X -720 758(implements)N -1183(Larson's)X -1554(linear)X -1827(hashing)X -2165(algorithm)X -720 846([LAR88])N -1097(with)X -1302(an)X -2 f -1440(hsearch)X -1 f -1756(compatible)X -2174(interface.)X -720 934(Intuitively,)N -1099(a)X -1161(hash)X -1334(table)X -1516(begins)X -1751(as)X -1844(a)X -1905(single)X -2121(bucket)X -2360(and)X -720 1022(grows)N -941(in)X -1028(generations,)X -1443(where)X -1665(a)X -1725(generation)X -2088(corresponds)X -720 1110(to)N -815(a)X -884(doubling)X -1201(in)X -1296(the)X -1427(size)X -1585(of)X -1685(the)X -1815(hash)X -1994(table.)X -2222(The)X -2379(0)X -2 f -7 s -1078(th)Y -10 s -1 f -720 1198(generation)N -1085(occurs)X -1321(as)X -1414(the)X -1538(table)X -1719(grows)X -1940(from)X -2121(one)X -2262(bucket)X -720 1286(to)N -814(two.)X -1006(In)X -1105(the)X -1235(next)X -1405(generation)X -1776(the)X -1906(table)X -2093(grows)X -2320(from)X -720 1374(two)N -862(to)X -946(four.)X -1122(During)X -1371(each)X -1541(generation,)X -1921(every)X -2121(bucket)X -2356(that)X -720 1462(existed)N -967(at)X -1045(the)X -1163(beginning)X -1503(of)X -1590(the)X -1708(generation)X -2067(is)X -2140(split.)X -892 1576(The)N -1041(table)X -1221(starts)X -1414(as)X -1505(a)X -1565(single)X -1780(bucket)X -2018(\(numbered)X -2389(0\),)X -720 1664(the)N -839(current)X -1088(split)X -1245(bucket)X -1479(is)X -1552(set)X -1661(to)X -1743(bucket)X -1977(0,)X -2057(and)X -2193(the)X -2311(max-)X -720 1752(imum)N -933(split)X -1097(point)X -1288(is)X -1368(set)X -1483(to)X -1571(twice)X -1771(the)X -1895(current)X -2149(split)X -2312(point)X -720 1840(\(0\).)N -863(When)X -1084(it)X -1157(is)X -1239(time)X -1410(for)X -1532(a)X -1596(bucket)X -1838(to)X -1928(split,)X -2113(the)X -2239(keys)X -2414(in)X -720 1928(the)N -872(current)X -1154(split)X -1345(bucket)X -1612(are)X -1764(divided)X -2057(between)X -2378(the)X -720 2016(current)N -981(split)X -1151(bucket)X -1397(and)X -1545(a)X -1613(new)X -1779(bucket)X -2025(whose)X -2262(bucket)X -720 2104(number)N -1000(is)X -1088(equal)X -1297(to)X -1394(1)X -1469(+)X -1549(current)X -1812(split)X -1984(bucket)X -2232(+)X -2311(max-)X -720 2192(imum)N -927(split)X -1085(point.)X -1310(We)X -1442(can)X -1574(determine)X -1915(which)X -2131(keys)X -2298(move)X -720 2280(to)N -807(the)X -929(new)X -1087(bucket)X -1325(by)X -1429(examining)X -1791(the)X -2 f -1913(n)X -7 s -1962 2248(th)N -10 s -1 f -2043 2280(bit)N -2151(of)X -2242(a)X -2302(key's)X -720 2368(hash)N -899(value)X -1105(where)X -1334(n)X -1406(is)X -1491(the)X -1620(generation)X -1990(number.)X -2306(After)X -720 2456(the)N -846(bucket)X -1088(at)X -1174(the)X -1300(maximum)X -1651(split)X -1815(point)X -2006(has)X -2140(been)X -2319(split,)X -720 2544(the)N -839(generation)X -1198(number)X -1463(is)X -1536(incremented,)X -1973(the)X -2091(current)X -2339(split)X -720 2632(point)N -908(is)X -985(set)X -1098(back)X -1274(to)X -1360(zero,)X -1543(and)X -1683(the)X -1805(maximum)X -2152(split)X -2312(point)X -720 2720(is)N -815(set)X -946(to)X -1050(the)X -1190(number)X -1477(of)X -1586(the)X -1725(last)X -1877(bucket)X -2132(in)X -2235(the)X -2374(\256le)X -720 2808(\(which)N -971(is)X -1052(equal)X -1253(to)X -1342(twice)X -1543(the)X -1668(old)X -1797(maximum)X -2148(split)X -2312(point)X -720 2896(plus)N -873(1\).)X -892 3010(To)N -1031(facilitate)X -1361(locating)X -1668(keys,)X -1884(we)X -2027(maintain)X -2356(two)X -720 3098(masks.)N -989(The)X -1143(low)X -1291(mask)X -1488(is)X -1569(equal)X -1771(to)X -1861(the)X -1987(maximum)X -2339(split)X -720 3186(bucket)N -967(and)X -1116(the)X -1247(high)X -1422(mask)X -1624(is)X -1710(equal)X -1917(to)X -2011(the)X -2141(next)X -2311(max-)X -720 3274(imum)N -931(split)X -1093(bucket.)X -1372(To)X -1486(locate)X -1703(a)X -1764(speci\256c)X -2033(key,)X -2193(we)X -2311(com-)X -720 3362(pute)N -881(a)X -940(32-bit)X -1154(hash)X -1324(value)X -1520(using)X -1715(a)X -1773(bit-randomizing)X -2311(algo-)X -720 3450(rithm)N -932(such)X -1118(as)X -1224(the)X -1361(one)X -1516(described)X -1862(in)X -1962([LAR88].)X -2334(This)X -720 3538(hash)N -893(value)X -1093(is)X -1172(then)X -1336(masked)X -1607(with)X -1775(the)X -1898(high)X -2065(mask.)X -2299(If)X -2378(the)X -720 3626(resulting)N -1026(number)X -1297(is)X -1376(greater)X -1626(than)X -1790(the)X -1913(maximum)X -2262(bucket)X -720 3714(in)N -823(the)X -962(table)X -1159(\(current)X -1455(split)X -1633(bucket)X -1888(+)X -1974(maximum)X -2339(split)X -720 3802(point\),)N -962(the)X -1091(hash)X -1269(value)X -1474(is)X -1558(masked)X -1834(with)X -2007(the)X -2136(low)X -2287(mask.)X -720 3890(In)N -825(either)X -1046(case,)X -1242(the)X -1377(result)X -1592(of)X -1696(the)X -1831(mask)X -2037(is)X -2127(the)X -2262(bucket)X -720 3978(number)N -989(for)X -1107(the)X -1229(given)X -1431(key.)X -1611(The)X -1759(algorithm)X -2093(below)X -2312(illus-)X -720 4066(trates)N -914(this)X -1049(process.)X -0 f -8 s -720 4365(h)N -796(=)X -872 -0.4038(calchash\(key\);)AX -720 4453(bucket)N -986(=)X -1062(h)X -1138(&)X -1214 -0.4167(high_mask;)AX -720 4541(if)N -834(\()X -910(bucket)X -1176(>)X -1252 -0.4167(max_bucket)AX -1670(\))X -1008 4629(bucket)N -1274(=)X -1350(h)X -1426(&)X -1502 -0.4219(low_mask;)AX -720 4717 -0.4018(return\(bucket\);)AN -1 f -10 s -892 5042(In)N -1013(order)X -1237(to)X -1353(decide)X -1617(when)X -1845(to)X -1961(split)X -2152(a)X -2242(bucket,)X -2 f -720 5130(dynahash)N -1 f -1050(uses)X -2 f -1210(controlled)X -1561(splitting)X -1 f -1822(.)X -1884(A)X -1964(hash)X -2133(table)X -2311(has)X -2440(a)X -720 5218(\256ll)N -837(factor)X -1054(which)X -1279(is)X -1361(expressed)X -1707(in)X -1798(terms)X -2004(of)X -2099(the)X -2225(average)X -720 5306(number)N -990(of)X -1082(keys)X -1253(in)X -1339(each)X -1511(bucket.)X -1789(Each)X -1974(time)X -2140(the)X -2262(table's)X -720 5394(total)N -885(number)X -1153(of)X -1243(keys)X -1413(divided)X -1676(by)X -1778(its)X -1875(number)X -2142(of)X -2231(buckets)X -720 5482(exceeds)N -995(this)X -1130(\256ll)X -1238(factor,)X -1466(a)X -1522(bucket)X -1756(is)X -1829(split.)X -2878 538(Since)N -3079(the)X -2 f -3200(hsearch)X -1 f -3477(create)X -3693(interface)X -3998(\()X -2 f -4025(hcreate)X -1 f -4266(\))X -4315(calls)X -2706 626(for)N -2842(an)X -2960(estimate)X -3269(of)X -3378(the)X -3518(\256nal)X -3702(size)X -3869(of)X -3978(the)X -4118(hash)X -4306(table)X -2706 714(\()N -2 f -2733(nelem)X -1 f -2925(\),)X -2 f -3007(dynahash)X -1 f -3349(uses)X -3522(this)X -3672(information)X -4085(to)X -4182(initialize)X -2706 802(the)N -2848(table.)X -3088(The)X -3257(initial)X -3486(number)X -3774(of)X -3884(buckets)X -4172(is)X -4268(set)X -4400(to)X -2 f -2706 890(nelem)N -1 f -2926(rounded)X -3217(to)X -3306(the)X -3431(next)X -3596(higher)X -3828(power)X -4056(of)X -4150(two.)X -4337(The)X -2706 978(current)N -2958(split)X -3118(point)X -3305(is)X -3381(set)X -3493(to)X -3578(0)X -3641(and)X -3780(the)X -3901(maximum)X -4248(bucket)X -2706 1066(and)N -2842(maximum)X -3186(split)X -3343(point)X -3527(are)X -3646(set)X -3755(to)X -3837(this)X -3972(rounded)X -4255(value.)X -3 f -3148 1220(The)N -3301(New)X -3473(Implementation)X -1 f -2878 1352(Our)N -3042(implementation)X -3583(is)X -3675(also)X -3842(based)X -4063(on)X -4181(Larson's)X -2706 1440(linear)N -2939(hashing)X -3238([LAR88])X -3582(algorithm)X -3943(as)X -4060(well)X -4248(as)X -4364(the)X -2 f -2706 1528(dynahash)N -1 f -3047(implementation.)X -3623(The)X -2 f -3782(dbm)X -1 f -3954(family)X -4197(of)X -4297(algo-)X -2706 1616(rithms)N -2942(decide)X -3184(dynamically)X -3612(which)X -3840(bucket)X -4085(to)X -4178(split)X -4346(and)X -2706 1704(when)N -2914(to)X -3010(split)X -3180(it)X -3257(\(when)X -3491(it)X -3568(over\257ows\))X -3944(while)X -2 f -4155(dynahash)X -1 f -2706 1792(splits)N -2933(in)X -3054(a)X -3149(prede\256ned)X -3547(order)X -3776(\(linearly\))X -4134(and)X -4309(at)X -4426(a)X -2706 1880(prede\256ned)N -3116(time)X -3328(\(when)X -3599(the)X -3767(table)X -3993(\256ll)X -4151(factor)X -4409(is)X -2706 1968(exceeded\).)N -3121(We)X -3280(use)X -3434(a)X -3517(hybrid)X -3773(of)X -3887(these)X -4099(techniques.)X -2706 2056(Splits)N -2913(occur)X -3118(in)X -3206(the)X -3330(prede\256ned)X -3695(order)X -3891(of)X -3984(linear)X -4193(hashing,)X -2706 2144(but)N -2845(the)X -2980(time)X -3159(at)X -3253(which)X -3485(pages)X -3704(are)X -3839(split)X -4012(is)X -4101(determined)X -2706 2232(both)N -2869(by)X -2970(page)X -3143(over\257ows)X -3480(\()X -2 f -3507(uncontrolled)X -3937(splitting)X -1 f -4198(\))X -4246(and)X -4382(by)X -2706 2320(exceeding)N -3052(the)X -3170(\256ll)X -3278(factor)X -3486(\()X -2 f -3513(controlled)X -3862(splitting)X -1 f -4123(\))X -2878 2434(A)N -2962(hash)X -3135(table)X -3317(is)X -3395(parameterized)X -3876(by)X -3981(both)X -4148(its)X -4248(bucket)X -2706 2522(size)N -2904(\()X -2 f -2931(bsize)X -1 f -(\))S -3191(and)X -3380(\256ll)X -3541(factor)X -3801(\()X -2 f -3828(ffactor)X -1 f -4041(\).)X -4180(Whereas)X -2 f -2706 2610(dynahash's)N -1 f -3095(buckets)X -3364(can)X -3500(be)X -3599(represented)X -3993(as)X -4083(a)X -4142(linked)X -4365(list)X -2706 2698(of)N -2798(elements)X -3108(in)X -3195(memory,)X -3507(our)X -3639(package)X -3928(needs)X -4136(to)X -4222(support)X -2706 2786(disk)N -2874(access,)X -3135(and)X -3286(must)X -3476(represent)X -3806(buckets)X -4086(in)X -4183(terms)X -4395(of)X -2706 2874(pages.)N -2955(The)X -2 f -3106(bsize)X -1 f -3291(is)X -3369(the)X -3492(size)X -3642(\(in)X -3756(bytes\))X -3977(of)X -4069(these)X -4259(pages.)X -2706 2962(As)N -2833(in)X -2933(linear)X -3154(hashing,)X -3461(the)X -3597(number)X -3879(of)X -3983(buckets)X -4265(in)X -4364(the)X -2706 3050(table)N -2906(is)X -3003(equal)X -3221(to)X -3327(the)X -3469(number)X -3758(of)X -3869(keys)X -4060(in)X -4165(the)X -4306(table)X -2706 3138(divided)N -2988(by)X -2 f -3110(ffactor)X -1 f -3323(.)X -2 f -8 s -3113(6)Y -1 f -10 s -3417 3138(The)N -3584(controlled)X -3950(splitting)X -4252(occurs)X -2706 3226(each)N -2878(time)X -3044(the)X -3166(number)X -3435(of)X -3526(keys)X -3697(in)X -3783(the)X -3905(table)X -4085(exceeds)X -4364(the)X -2706 3314(\256ll)N -2814(factor)X -3022(multiplied)X -3370(by)X -3470(the)X -3588(number)X -3853(of)X -3940(buckets.)X -2878 3428(Inserting)N -3187(keys)X -3358(and)X -3498(splitting)X -3783(buckets)X -4051(is)X -4127(performed)X -2706 3516(precisely)N -3018(as)X -3107(described)X -3437(previously)X -3796(for)X -2 f -3911(dynahash)X -1 f -4218(.)X -4279(How-)X -2706 3604(ever,)N -2897(since)X -3094(buckets)X -3371(are)X -3502(now)X -3671(comprised)X -4036(of)X -4134(pages,)X -4368(we)X -2706 3692(must)N -2883(be)X -2981(prepared)X -3284(to)X -3367(handle)X -3602(cases)X -3793(where)X -4011(the)X -4130(size)X -4276(of)X -4364(the)X -2706 3780(keys)N -2873(and)X -3009(data)X -3163(in)X -3245(a)X -3301(bucket)X -3535(exceed)X -3779(the)X -3897(bucket)X -4131(size.)X -3 f -3318 3934(Over\257ow)N -3654(Pages)X -1 f -2878 4066(There)N -3095(are)X -3223(two)X -3372(cases)X -3571(where)X -3797(a)X -3862(key)X -4007(may)X -4174(not)X -4305(\256t)X -4400(in)X -2706 4154(its)N -2802(designated)X -3166(bucket.)X -3441(In)X -3529(the)X -3647(\256rst)X -3791(case,)X -3970(the)X -4088(total)X -4250(size)X -4395(of)X -2706 4242(the)N -2833(key)X -2978(and)X -3123(data)X -3286(may)X -3453(exceed)X -3706(the)X -3833(bucket)X -4076(size.)X -4269(In)X -4364(the)X -2706 4330(second,)N -3008(addition)X -3328(of)X -3453(a)X -3547(new)X -3739(key)X -3913(could)X -4149(cause)X -4386(an)X -2706 4418(over\257ow,)N -3068(but)X -3227(the)X -3382(bucket)X -3652(in)X -3770(question)X -4097(is)X -4206(not)X -4364(yet)X -2706 4506(scheduled)N -3049(to)X -3133(be)X -3230(split.)X -3428(In)X -3516(existing)X -3790(implementations,)X -4364(the)X -2706 4594(second)N -2953(case)X -3115(never)X -3317(arises)X -3523(\(since)X -3738(buckets)X -4006(are)X -4128(split)X -4288(when)X -2706 4682(they)N -2871(over\257ow\))X -3210(and)X -3352(the)X -3476(\256rst)X -3626(case)X -3791(is)X -3870(not)X -3998(handled)X -4278(at)X -4362(all.)X -2706 4770(Although)N -3036(large)X -3225(key/data)X -3525(pair)X -3678(handling)X -3986(is)X -4066(dif\256cult)X -4346(and)X -2706 4858(expensive,)N -3083(it)X -3163(is)X -3252(essential.)X -3604(In)X -3706(a)X -3777(linear)X -3995(hashed)X -4253(imple-)X -2706 4946(mentation,)N -3087(over\257ow)X -3413(pages)X -3636(are)X -3775(required)X -4083(for)X -4217(buckets)X -2706 5034(which)N -2935(over\257ow)X -3253(before)X -3492(they)X -3662(are)X -3793(split,)X -3982(so)X -4085(we)X -4211(can)X -4355(use)X -2706 5122(the)N -2833(same)X -3027(mechanism)X -3421(for)X -3544(large)X -3734(key/data)X -4035(pairs)X -4220(that)X -4368(we)X -2706 5210(use)N -2837(for)X -2955(over\257ow)X -3264(pages.)X -3511(Logically,)X -3862(we)X -3980(chain)X -4177(over\257ow)X -16 s -2706 5353 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -2746 5408(6)N -1 f -9 s -2801 5433(This)N -2952(is)X -3023(not)X -3138(strictly)X -3361(true.)X -3532(The)X -3667(\256le)X -3782(does)X -3937(not)X -4052(contract)X -4306(when)X -2706 5513(keys)N -2861(are)X -2972(deleted,)X -3221(so)X -3308(the)X -3419(number)X -3662(of)X -3744(buckets)X -3986(is)X -4056(actually)X -4306(equal)X -2706 5593(to)N -2782(the)X -2890(maximum)X -3202(number)X -3441(of)X -3520(keys)X -3671(ever)X -3814(present)X -4041(in)X -4116(the)X -4223(table)X -4382(di-)X -2706 5673(vided)N -2884(by)X -2974(the)X -3080(\256ll)X -3178(factor.)X -3 f -10 s -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4424(5)X - -6 p -%%Page: 6 6 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -1 f -432 538(pages)N -639(to)X -725(the)X -847(buckets)X -1116(\(also)X -1296(called)X -1512(primary)X -1789(pages\).)X -2062(In)X -2152(a)X -432 626(memory)N -730(based)X -943(representation,)X -1448(over\257ow)X -1763(pages)X -1976(do)X -2086(not)X -432 714(pose)N -628(any)X -792(special)X -1063(problems)X -1409(because)X -1712(we)X -1854(can)X -2014(chain)X -432 802(over\257ow)N -776(pages)X -1017(to)X -1137(primary)X -1449(pages)X -1690(using)X -1921(memory)X -432 890(pointers.)N -776(However,)X -1137(mapping)X -1463(these)X -1674(over\257ow)X -2005(pages)X -432 978(into)N -584(a)X -648(disk)X -809(\256le)X -939(is)X -1019(more)X -1211(of)X -1305(a)X -1368(challenge,)X -1723(since)X -1915(we)X -2036(need)X -432 1066(to)N -547(be)X -675(able)X -861(to)X -975(address)X -1268(both)X -1462(bucket)X -1728(pages,)X -1983(whose)X -432 1154(numbers)N -729(are)X -849(growing)X -1137(linearly,)X -1422(and)X -1558(some)X -1747(indeterminate)X -432 1242(number)N -715(of)X -820(over\257ow)X -1143(pages)X -1364(without)X -1646(reorganizing)X -2090(the)X -432 1330(\256le.)N -604 1444(One)N -789(simple)X -1053(solution)X -1361(would)X -1612(be)X -1739(to)X -1852(allocate)X -2152(a)X -432 1532(separate)N -737(\256le)X -880(for)X -1015(over\257ow)X -1341(pages.)X -1604(The)X -1769(disadvantage)X -432 1620(with)N -605(such)X -783(a)X -850(technique)X -1193(is)X -1276(that)X -1426(it)X -1500(requires)X -1789(an)X -1895(extra)X -2086(\256le)X -432 1708(descriptor,)N -794(an)X -891(extra)X -1073(system)X -1316(call)X -1453(on)X -1554(open)X -1731(and)X -1867(close,)X -2072(and)X -432 1796(logically)N -739(associating)X -1122(two)X -1269(independent)X -1687(\256les.)X -1886(For)X -2023(these)X -432 1884(reasons,)N -728(we)X -857(wanted)X -1123(to)X -1219(map)X -1391(both)X -1567(primary)X -1855(pages)X -2072(and)X -432 1972(over\257ow)N -737(pages)X -940(into)X -1084(the)X -1202(same)X -1387(\256le)X -1509(space.)X -604 2086(The)N -799(buddy-in-waiting)X -1425(algorithm)X -1806(provides)X -2152(a)X -432 2174(mechanism)N -851(to)X -966(support)X -1259(multiple)X -1578(pages)X -1814(per)X -1970(logical)X -432 2262(bucket)N -685(while)X -902(retaining)X -1226(the)X -1362(simple)X -1613(split)X -1788(sequence)X -2121(of)X -432 2350(linear)N -681(hashing.)X -1015(Over\257ow)X -1383(pages)X -1631(are)X -1795(preallocated)X -432 2438(between)N -781(generations)X -1232(of)X -1379(primary)X -1713(pages.)X -1996(These)X -432 2526(over\257ow)N -759(pages)X -984(are)X -1125(used)X -1314(by)X -1436(any)X -1594(bucket)X -1850(containing)X -432 2614(more)N -646(keys)X -842(than)X -1029(\256t)X -1144(on)X -1273(the)X -1420(primary)X -1723(page)X -1924(and)X -2089(are)X -432 2702(reclaimed,)N -808(if)X -896(possible,)X -1217(when)X -1430(the)X -1567(bucket)X -1819(later)X -2000(splits.)X -432 2790(Figure)N -687(3)X -773(depicts)X -1045(the)X -1188(layout)X -1433(of)X -1545(primary)X -1844(pages)X -2072(and)X -432 2878(over\257ow)N -752(pages)X -970(within)X -1209(the)X -1342(same)X -1542(\256le.)X -1699(Over\257ow)X -2036(page)X -432 2966(use)N -586(information)X -1011(is)X -1111(recorded)X -1440(in)X -1548(bitmaps)X -1847(which)X -2089(are)X -432 3054(themselves)N -819(stored)X -1046(on)X -1157(over\257ow)X -1472(pages.)X -1725(The)X -1880(addresses)X -432 3142(of)N -520(the)X -639(bitmap)X -882(pages)X -1086(and)X -1223(the)X -1342(number)X -1608(of)X -1695(pages)X -1898(allocated)X -432 3230(at)N -515(each)X -688(split)X -850(point)X -1039(are)X -1163(stored)X -1384(in)X -1470(the)X -1592(\256le)X -1718(header.)X -1997(Using)X -432 3318(this)N -577(information,)X -1005(both)X -1177(over\257ow)X -1492(addresses)X -1829(and)X -1974(bucket)X -432 3406(addresses)N -764(can)X -900(be)X -999(mapped)X -1276(to)X -1361(disk)X -1517(addresses)X -1848(by)X -1951(the)X -2072(fol-)X -432 3494(lowing)N -674(calculation:)X -0 f -8 s -432 3793(int)N -736(bucket;)X -1192(/*)X -1306(bucket)X -1572(address)X -1876(*/)X -432 3881(u_short)N -736(oaddr;)X -1192(/*)X -1306(OVERFLOW)X -1648(address)X -1952(*/)X -432 3969(int)N -736 -0.4125(nhdr_pages;)AX -1192(/*)X -1306(npages)X -1572(in)X -1686 -112.4062(\256le)AX -1838(header)X -2104(*/)X -432 4057(int)N -736 -0.4125(spares[32];)AX -1192(/*)X -1306(npages)X -1572(at)X -1686(each)X -1876(split)X -2104(*/)X -432 4145(int)N -736(log2\(\);)X -1198(/*)X -1312(ceil\(log)X -1654(base)X -1844(2\))X -1958(*/)X -432 4321(#DEFINE)N -736 -0.3929(BUCKET_TO_PAGE\(bucket\))AX -1610(\\)X -584 4409(bucket)N -850(+)X -926 -0.4167(nhdr_pages)AX -1344(+)X -1420(\\)X -584 4497 -0.3894(\(bucket?spares[logs2\(bucket)AN -1648(+)X -1724(1\)-1]:0\))X -432 4673(#DEFINE)N -736 -0.3947(OADDR_TO_PAGE\(oaddr\))AX -1534(\\)X -584 4761 -0.3984(BUCKET_TO_PAGE\(\(1)AN -1268(<<)X -1382 -0.4091(\(oaddr>>11\)\))AX -1876(-)X -1952(1\))X -2066(+)X -2142(\\)X -584 4849(oaddr)N -812(&)X -888(0x7ff;)X -1 f -10 s -604 5262(An)N -728(over\257ow)X -1039(page)X -1217(is)X -1295(addressed)X -1637(by)X -1742(its)X -1842(split)X -2004(point,)X -432 5350(identifying)N -858(the)X -1031(generations)X -1476(between)X -1819(which)X -2090(the)X -432 5438(over\257ow)N -740(page)X -915(is)X -991(allocated,)X -1324(and)X -1463(its)X -1561(page)X -1736(number,)X -2023(iden-)X -432 5526(tifying)N -665(the)X -783(particular)X -1111(page)X -1283(within)X -1507(the)X -1625(split)X -1782(point.)X -1986(In)X -2073(this)X -432 5614(implementation,)N -983(offsets)X -1225(within)X -1457(pages)X -1668(are)X -1795(16)X -1903(bits)X -2046(long)X -432 5702(\(limiting)N -732(the)X -851(maximum)X -1196(page)X -1368(size)X -1513(to)X -1595(32K\),)X -1800(so)X -1891(we)X -2005(select)X -2418 538(an)N -2535(over\257ow)X -2860(page)X -3052(addressing)X -3435(algorithm)X -3786(that)X -3946(can)X -4098(be)X -2418 626(expressed)N -2760(in)X -2847(16)X -2952(bits)X -3091(and)X -3231(which)X -3451(allows)X -3684(quick)X -3886(retrieval.)X -2418 714(The)N -2568(top)X -2695(\256ve)X -2840(bits)X -2980(indicate)X -3258(the)X -3380(split)X -3541(point)X -3729(and)X -3869(the)X -3991(lower)X -2418 802(eleven)N -2650(indicate)X -2926(the)X -3046(page)X -3220(number)X -3487(within)X -3713(the)X -3832(split)X -3990(point.)X -2418 890(Since)N -2633(\256ve)X -2789(bits)X -2940(are)X -3075(reserved)X -3384(for)X -3514(the)X -3648(split)X -3821(point,)X -4041(\256les)X -2418 978(may)N -2578(split)X -2737(32)X -2839(times)X -3034(yielding)X -3318(a)X -3376(maximum)X -3721(\256le)X -3844(size)X -3990(of)X -4078(2)X -7 s -946(32)Y -10 s -2418 1066(buckets)N -2698(and)X -2849(32)X -2 f -(*)S -1 f -2982(2)X -7 s -1034(11)Y -10 s -3113 1066(over\257ow)N -3433(pages.)X -3691(The)X -3850(maximum)X -2418 1154(page)N -2597(size)X -2749(is)X -2829(2)X -7 s -1122(15)Y -10 s -1154(,)Y -2971(yielding)X -3259(a)X -3321(maximum)X -3671(\256le)X -3799(size)X -3950(greater)X -2418 1242(than)N -2601(131,000)X -2906(GB)X -3061(\(on)X -3212(\256le)X -3358(systems)X -3655(supporting)X -4041(\256les)X -2418 1330(larger)N -2626(than)X -2784(4GB\).)X -10 f -2418 1418 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 Dt -4014 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -3881 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -3748 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -3083 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -5 s -1 f -3523 2475(2/3)N -3390(2/2)X -3257(2/1)X -2859(1/2)X -2726(1/1)X -5 Dt -3814 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -3282 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -3017 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -2884 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -1 Dt -3681 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3548 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3415 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3282 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3150 MX -0 133 Dl -132 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --132 0 Dl -3017 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -2884 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3 f -8 s -3017 2601(Over\257ow)N -3285(Addresses)X -3515 2833(Over\257ow)N -3783(Pages)X -2850(Buckets)X -1 Di -3349 2740 MXY - 3349 2740 lineto - 3482 2740 lineto - 3482 2873 lineto - 3349 2873 lineto - 3349 2740 lineto -closepath 3 3349 2740 3482 2873 Dp -2684 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -5 Dt -4146 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -3216 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -2684 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -2551 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -1 f -3798 1963(3)N -3266 1980(2)N -3001(1)X -2868(0)X -1 Dt -2751 1743 MXY -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3548 2275 MXY --15 -22 Dl -2 16 Dl --13 11 Dl -26 -5 Dl --282 -117 Dl -3432 2275 MXY --10 -25 Dl --2 16 Dl --15 8 Dl -27 1 Dl --166 -117 Dl -3282 2275 MXY -12 -25 Dl --14 10 Dl --15 -6 Dl -17 21 Dl --16 -117 Dl -2884 2275 MXY -26 7 Dl --12 -12 Dl -3 -16 Dl --17 21 Dl -382 -117 Dl -2751 2275 MXY -25 9 Dl --11 -12 Dl -5 -17 Dl --19 20 Dl -515 -117 Dl -3 f -3070 2152(Over\257ow)N -3338(Pages)X -3482 2275 MXY - 3482 2275 lineto - 3615 2275 lineto - 3615 2408 lineto - 3482 2408 lineto - 3482 2275 lineto -closepath 3 3482 2275 3615 2408 Dp -3349 MX - 3349 2275 lineto - 3482 2275 lineto - 3482 2408 lineto - 3349 2408 lineto - 3349 2275 lineto -closepath 3 3349 2275 3482 2408 Dp -3216 MX - 3216 2275 lineto - 3349 2275 lineto - 3349 2408 lineto - 3216 2408 lineto - 3216 2275 lineto -closepath 3 3216 2275 3349 2408 Dp -2817 MX - 2817 2275 lineto - 2950 2275 lineto - 2950 2408 lineto - 2817 2408 lineto - 2817 2275 lineto -closepath 3 2817 2275 2950 2408 Dp -2684 MX - 2684 2275 lineto - 2817 2275 lineto - 2817 2408 lineto - 2684 2408 lineto - 2684 2275 lineto -closepath 3 2684 2275 2817 2408 Dp -3615 MX -0 133 Dl -531 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --531 0 Dl -2950 MX -0 133 Dl -266 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --266 0 Dl -2551 MX -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3798 1726 MXY --21 -18 Dl -6 16 Dl --10 13 Dl -25 -11 Dl --599 -99 Dl -3266 1726 MXY --1 -27 Dl --7 15 Dl --17 1 Dl -25 11 Dl --67 -99 Dl -3033 1726 MXY -27 1 Dl --14 -8 Dl --1 -17 Dl --12 24 Dl -166 -99 Dl -2900 1726 MXY -27 7 Dl --13 -11 Dl -3 -17 Dl --17 21 Dl -299 -99 Dl -3058 1621(Split)N -3203(Points)X -2418 2275 MXY -0 133 Dl -133 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --133 0 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -3137(Figure)Y -2619(3:)X -1 f -2691(Split)X -2832(points)X -3008(occur)X -3168(between)X -3399(generations)X -3712(and)X -3823(are)X -3919(numbered)X -2418 3225(from)N -2560(0.)X -2642(In)X -2713(this)X -2824(\256gure)X -2991(there)X -3136(are)X -3231(two)X -3345(over\257ow)X -3590(pages)X -3753(allocated)X -4000(at)X -4063(split)X -2418 3313(point)N -2566(1)X -2614(and)X -2722(three)X -2865(allocated)X -3111(at)X -3173(split)X -3300(point)X -3448(2.)X -10 s -10 f -2418 3489 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -2949 3731(Buffer)N -3192(Management)X -1 f -2590 3863(The)N -2744(hash)X -2920(table)X -3105(is)X -3187(stored)X -3412(in)X -3502(memory)X -3797(as)X -3892(a)X -3956(logical)X -2418 3951(array)N -2633(of)X -2749(bucket)X -3012(pointers.)X -3359(Physically,)X -3761(the)X -3907(array)X -4121(is)X -2418 4039(arranged)N -2728(in)X -2818(segments)X -3144(of)X -3239(256)X -3387(pointers.)X -3713(Initially,)X -4013(there)X -2418 4127(is)N -2530(space)X -2767(to)X -2887(allocate)X -3195(256)X -3373(segments.)X -3769(Reallocation)X -2418 4215(occurs)N -2651(when)X -2847(the)X -2967(number)X -3234(of)X -3323(buckets)X -3590(exceeds)X -3867(32K)X -4027(\(256)X -2418 4303(*)N -2508(256\).)X -2745(Primary)X -3053(pages)X -3286(may)X -3473(be)X -3598(accessed)X -3929(directly)X -2418 4391(through)N -2711(the)X -2853(array)X -3062(by)X -3185(bucket)X -3442(number)X -3730(and)X -3889(over\257ow)X -2418 4479(pages)N -2628(are)X -2754 0.4028(referenced)AX -3122(logically)X -3429(by)X -3536(their)X -3710(over\257ow)X -4022(page)X -2418 4567(address.)N -2726(For)X -2864(small)X -3063(hash)X -3236(tables,)X -3469(it)X -3539(is)X -3618(desirable)X -3934(to)X -4022(keep)X -2418 4655(all)N -2525(pages)X -2735(in)X -2823(main)X -3009(memory)X -3302(while)X -3506(on)X -3612(larger)X -3826(tables,)X -4059(this)X -2418 4743(is)N -2523(probably)X -2860(impossible.)X -3298(To)X -3438(satisfy)X -3698(both)X -3891(of)X -4009(these)X -2418 4831(requirements,)N -2900(the)X -3041(package)X -3348(includes)X -3658(buffer)X -3897(manage-)X -2418 4919(ment)N -2598(with)X -2760(LRU)X -2940(\(least)X -3134(recently)X -3413(used\))X -3607(replacement.)X -2590 5033(By)N -2730(default,)X -3020(the)X -3165(package)X -3475(allocates)X -3802(up)X -3928(to)X -4036(64K)X -2418 5121(bytes)N -2616(of)X -2712(buffered)X -3014(pages.)X -3246(All)X -3377(pages)X -3589(in)X -3680(the)X -3807(buffer)X -4032(pool)X -2418 5209(are)N -2542(linked)X -2766(in)X -2852(LRU)X -3036(order)X -3230(to)X -3316(facilitate)X -3621(fast)X -3761(replacement.)X -2418 5297(Whereas)N -2724(ef\256cient)X -3011(access)X -3241(to)X -3327(primary)X -3605(pages)X -3812(is)X -3889(provided)X -2418 5385(by)N -2521(the)X -2642(bucket)X -2879(array,)X -3087(ef\256cient)X -3372(access)X -3600(to)X -3684(over\257ow)X -3991(pages)X -2418 5473(is)N -2501(provided)X -2816(by)X -2926(linking)X -3182(over\257ow)X -3497(page)X -3679(buffers)X -3936(to)X -4027(their)X -2418 5561(predecessor)N -2827(page)X -3008(\(either)X -3247(the)X -3374(primary)X -3657(page)X -3838(or)X -3933(another)X -2418 5649(over\257ow)N -2742(page\).)X -3000(This)X -3181(means)X -3425(that)X -3584(an)X -3699(over\257ow)X -4022(page)X -3 f -432 5960(6)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -7 p -%%Page: 7 7 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -1 f -720 538(cannot)N -955(be)X -1052(present)X -1305(in)X -1388(the)X -1507(buffer)X -1724(pool)X -1886(if)X -1955(its)X -2050(primary)X -2324(page)X -720 626(is)N -804(not)X -937(present.)X -1240(This)X -1413(does)X -1591(not)X -1724(impact)X -1972(performance)X -2409(or)X -720 714(functionality,)N -1209(because)X -1524(an)X -1660(over\257ow)X -2005(page)X -2217(will)X -2400(be)X -720 802(accessed)N -1048(only)X -1236(after)X -1430(its)X -1550(predecessor)X -1975(page)X -2172(has)X -2324(been)X -720 890(accessed.)N -1068(Figure)X -1303(4)X -1369(depicts)X -1622(the)X -1746(data)X -1905(structures)X -2242(used)X -2414(to)X -720 978(manage)N -990(the)X -1108(buffer)X -1325(pool.)X -892 1092(The)N -1040(in-memory)X -1419(bucket)X -1656(array)X -1845(contains)X -2134(pointers)X -2414(to)X -720 1180(buffer)N -975(header)X -1248(structures)X -1617(which)X -1870(represent)X -2222(primary)X -720 1268(pages.)N -968(Buffer)X -1203(headers)X -1474(contain)X -1735(modi\256ed)X -2043(bits,)X -2202(the)X -2324(page)X -720 1356(address)N -995(of)X -1096(the)X -1228(buffer,)X -1479(a)X -1548(pointer)X -1808(to)X -1903(the)X -2034(actual)X -2259(buffer,)X -720 1444(and)N -875(a)X -950(pointer)X -1216(to)X -1317(the)X -1454(buffer)X -1690(header)X -1944(for)X -2077(an)X -2191(over\257ow)X -720 1532(page)N -901(if)X -979(it)X -1052(exists,)X -1283(in)X -1374(addition)X -1665(to)X -1756(the)X -1883(LRU)X -2072(links.)X -2296(If)X -2378(the)X -720 1620(buffer)N -950(corresponding)X -1442(to)X -1537(a)X -1606(particular)X -1947(bucket)X -2194(is)X -2280(not)X -2414(in)X -720 1708(memory,)N -1048(its)X -1164(pointer)X -1432(is)X -1526(NULL.)X -1801(In)X -1909(effect,)X -2154(pages)X -2377(are)X -720 1796(linked)N -950(in)X -1042(three)X -1233(ways.)X -1468(Using)X -1689(the)X -1817(buffer)X -2043(headers,)X -2338(they)X -720 1884(are)N -851(linked)X -1083(physically)X -1444(through)X -1725(the)X -1854(LRU)X -2045(links)X -2231(and)X -2378(the)X -720 1972(over\257ow)N -1036(links.)X -1241(Using)X -1462(the)X -1590(pages)X -1803(themselves,)X -2209(they)X -2377(are)X -720 2060(linked)N -943(logically)X -1246(through)X -1518(the)X -1639(over\257ow)X -1946(addresses)X -2276(on)X -2378(the)X -720 2148(page.)N -948(Since)X -1162(over\257ow)X -1482(pages)X -1700(are)X -1834(accessed)X -2151(only)X -2328(after)X -720 2236(their)N -904(predecessor)X -1321(pages,)X -1560(they)X -1734(are)X -1869(removed)X -2186(from)X -2378(the)X -720 2324(buffer)N -937(pool)X -1099(when)X -1293(their)X -1460(primary)X -1734(is)X -1807(removed.)X -10 f -720 2412 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 Dt -2309 3177 MXY -24 15 Dl --8 -15 Dl -8 -15 Dl --24 15 Dl -52 0 Dl -789 3160 MXY --35 0 Dl -0 -156 Dl -1607 0 Dl -0 173 Dl -789 3091 MXY --24 -15 Dl -9 15 Dl --9 15 Dl -24 -15 Dl --69 0 Dl -2309 3125 MXY -104 0 Dl -0 -155 Dl --1693 0 Dl -0 121 Dl -927 3160 MXY -24 15 Dl --9 -15 Dl -9 -15 Dl --24 15 Dl -553 0 Dl -1618 3177 MXY -8 27 Dl -4 -17 Dl -16 -6 Dl --28 -4 Dl -138 121 Dl -1895 3315 MXY -28 3 Dl --15 -9 Dl -1 -18 Dl --14 24 Dl -276 -138 Dl -3108 MY --28 -3 Dl -15 10 Dl --1 17 Dl -14 -24 Dl --276 138 Dl -1756 3229 MXY --8 -27 Dl --3 17 Dl --16 6 Dl -27 4 Dl --138 -121 Dl -1480 MX --24 -15 Dl -9 15 Dl --9 15 Dl -24 -15 Dl --553 0 Dl -3 f -5 s -1083 3073(LRU)N -1178(chain)X -4 Ds -1402 3851 MXY - 1402 3851 lineto - 1471 3851 lineto - 1471 3920 lineto - 1402 3920 lineto - 1402 3851 lineto -closepath 19 1402 3851 1471 3920 Dp -1445 3747(Over\257ow)N -1613(Address)X -1549 3609 MXY -0 69 Dl -1756 MX --23 -15 Dl -8 15 Dl --8 15 Dl -23 -15 Dl --207 0 Dl --1 Ds -3 Dt -1756 3419 MXY --6 -28 Dl --4 17 Dl --17 5 Dl -27 6 Dl --138 -138 Dl -2240 3471 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -1826 3609 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --16 -9 Dl -16 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -1549 MX -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -858 3471 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -2240 3056 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -1549 3056 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -858 3056 MXY -15 -24 Dl --15 9 Dl --15 -9 Dl -15 24 Dl -0 -138 Dl -1 Dt -2171 3471 MXY - 2171 3471 lineto - 2448 3471 lineto - 2448 3609 lineto - 2171 3609 lineto - 2171 3471 lineto -closepath 19 2171 3471 2448 3609 Dp -1756 3609 MXY - 1756 3609 lineto - 2033 3609 lineto - 2033 3747 lineto - 1756 3747 lineto - 1756 3609 lineto -closepath 3 1756 3609 2033 3747 Dp -1480 3471 MXY - 1480 3471 lineto - 1756 3471 lineto - 1756 3609 lineto - 1480 3609 lineto - 1480 3471 lineto -closepath 19 1480 3471 1756 3609 Dp -789 MX - 789 3471 lineto - 1065 3471 lineto - 1065 3609 lineto - 789 3609 lineto - 789 3471 lineto -closepath 19 789 3471 1065 3609 Dp -962 3903(Buffer)N -1083(Header)X -849 3851 MXY - 849 3851 lineto - 918 3851 lineto - 918 3920 lineto - 849 3920 lineto - 849 3851 lineto -closepath 14 849 3851 918 3920 Dp -1756 3194 MXY - 1756 3194 lineto - 1895 3194 lineto - 1895 3471 lineto - 1756 3471 lineto - 1756 3194 lineto -closepath 14 1756 3194 1895 3471 Dp -2171 3056 MXY - 2171 3056 lineto - 2309 3056 lineto - 2309 3333 lineto - 2171 3333 lineto - 2171 3056 lineto -closepath 14 2171 3056 2309 3333 Dp -1480 MX - 1480 3056 lineto - 1618 3056 lineto - 1618 3333 lineto - 1480 3333 lineto - 1480 3056 lineto -closepath 14 1480 3056 1618 3333 Dp -789 MX - 789 3056 lineto - 927 3056 lineto - 927 3333 lineto - 789 3333 lineto - 789 3056 lineto -closepath 14 789 3056 927 3333 Dp -2780 MY -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -927 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -1065 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -1203 MX -0 138 Dl -139 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --139 0 Dl -1342 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -1480 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -1618 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -1756 MX -0 138 Dl -139 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --139 0 Dl -1895 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -2033 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -2171 MX -0 138 Dl -138 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --138 0 Dl -2309 MX -0 138 Dl -139 0 Dl -0 -138 Dl --139 0 Dl -13 s -1048 2720(In)N -1173(Memory)X -1580(Bucket)X -1918(Array)X -867 3584(B0)N -1558(B5)X -2223(B10)X -1788 3722(O1/1)N -5 s -1515 3903(Primay)N -1651(Buffer)X -4 Ds -1990 3851 MXY - 1990 3851 lineto - 2059 3851 lineto - 2059 3920 lineto - 1990 3920 lineto - 1990 3851 lineto -closepath 3 1990 3851 2059 3920 Dp -2102 3903(Over\257ow)N -2270(Buffer)X -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -720 4184(Figure)N -922(4:)X -1 f -996(Three)X -1164(primary)X -1386(pages)X -1551(\(B0,)X -1683(B5,)X -1794(B10\))X -1942(are)X -2039(accessed)X -2281(directly)X -720 4272(from)N -862(the)X -958(bucket)X -1146(array.)X -1326(The)X -1443(one)X -1553(over\257ow)X -1798(page)X -1935(\(O1/1\))X -2122(is)X -2182(linked)X -2359(phy-)X -720 4360(sically)N -915(from)X -1067(its)X -1155(primary)X -1384(page's)X -1577(buffer)X -1759(header)X -1955(as)X -2035(well)X -2172(as)X -2252(logically)X -720 4448(from)N -860(its)X -937(predecessor)X -1253(page)X -1389(buffer)X -1560(\(B5\).)X -10 s -10 f -720 4624 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -1191 4954(Table)N -1406(Parameterization)X -1 f -892 5086(When)N -1107(a)X -1166(hash)X -1336(table)X -1515(is)X -1590(created,)X -1865(the)X -1985(bucket)X -2221(size,)X -2388(\256ll)X -720 5174(factor,)N -953(initial)X -1164(number)X -1434(of)X -1526(elements,)X -1856(number)X -2125(of)X -2216(bytes)X -2409(of)X -720 5262(main)N -919(memory)X -1225(used)X -1411(for)X -1543(caching,)X -1851(and)X -2005(a)X -2079(user-de\256ned)X -720 5350(hash)N -892(function)X -1184(may)X -1347(be)X -1448(speci\256ed.)X -1797(The)X -1946(bucket)X -2184(size)X -2333(\(and)X -720 5438(page)N -906(size)X -1064(for)X -1191(over\257ow)X -1509(pages\))X -1752(defaults)X -2039(to)X -2134(256)X -2287(bytes.)X -720 5526(For)N -858(tables)X -1072(with)X -1241(large)X -1429(data)X -1590(items,)X -1810(it)X -1881(may)X -2046(be)X -2149(preferable)X -720 5614(to)N -803(increase)X -1088(the)X -1207(page)X -1380(size,)X -1545(and,)X -1701(conversely,)X -2089(applications)X -720 5702(storing)N -1002(small)X -1235(items)X -1467(exclusively)X -1891(in)X -2012(memory)X -2338(may)X -2706 538(bene\256t)N -2966(from)X -3164(a)X -3242(smaller)X -3520(bucket)X -3776(size.)X -3983(A)X -4082(bucket)X -4337(size)X -2706 626(smaller)N -2962(than)X -3120(64)X -3220(bytes)X -3409(is)X -3482(not)X -3604(recommended.)X -2878 740(The)N -3031(\256ll)X -3147(factor)X -3363(indicates)X -3676(a)X -3740(desired)X -4000(density)X -4258(within)X -2706 828(the)N -2833(hash)X -3009(table.)X -3234(It)X -3312(is)X -3394(an)X -3499(approximation)X -3995(of)X -4091(the)X -4217(number)X -2706 916(of)N -2815(keys)X -3004(allowed)X -3300(to)X -3404(accumulate)X -3811(in)X -3914(any)X -4071(one)X -4228(bucket,)X -2706 1004(determining)N -3119(when)X -3319(the)X -3442(hash)X -3614(table)X -3795(grows.)X -4056(Its)X -4161(default)X -4409(is)X -2706 1092(eight.)N -2953(If)X -3054(the)X -3199(user)X -3380(knows)X -3636(the)X -3781(average)X -4079(size)X -4251(of)X -4364(the)X -2706 1180(key/data)N -3008(pairs)X -3194(being)X -3402(stored)X -3627(in)X -3718(the)X -3845(table,)X -4050(near)X -4218(optimal)X -2706 1268(bucket)N -2943(sizes)X -3122(and)X -3261(\256ll)X -3372(factors)X -3614(may)X -3775(be)X -3874(selected)X -4155(by)X -4257(apply-)X -2706 1356(ing)N -2828(the)X -2946(equation:)X -0 f -8 s -2706 1655(\(1\))N -2994 -0.3938(\(\(average_pair_length)AX -3830(+)X -3906(4\))X -4020(*)X -3032 1743(ffactor\))N -3374(>=)X -3488(bsize)X -1 f -10 s -2706 2042(For)N -2859(highly)X -3104(time)X -3287(critical)X -3551(applications,)X -3999(experimenting)X -2706 2130(with)N -2919(different)X -3266(bucket)X -3550(sizes)X -3776(and)X -3962(\256ll)X -4120(factors)X -4409(is)X -2706 2218(encouraged.)N -2878 2332(Figures)N -3144(5a,b,)X -3326(and)X -3468(c)X -3530(illustrate)X -3836(the)X -3960(effects)X -4200(of)X -4292(vary-)X -2706 2420(ing)N -2841(page)X -3026(sizes)X -3215(and)X -3363(\256ll)X -3483(factors)X -3734(for)X -3860(the)X -3990(same)X -4187(data)X -4353(set.)X -2706 2508(The)N -2864(data)X -3031(set)X -3152(consisted)X -3482(of)X -3581(24474)X -3813(keys)X -3992(taken)X -4198(from)X -4386(an)X -2706 2596(online)N -2931(dictionary.)X -3301(The)X -3451(data)X -3609(value)X -3807(for)X -3925(each)X -4097(key)X -4237(was)X -4386(an)X -2706 2684(ASCII)N -2938(string)X -3143(for)X -3260(an)X -3359(integer)X -3605(from)X -3784(1)X -3847(to)X -3931(24474)X -4153(inclusive.)X -2706 2772(The)N -2867(test)X -3013(run)X -3155(consisted)X -3488(of)X -3590(creating)X -3884(a)X -3955(new)X -4124(hash)X -4306(table)X -2706 2860(\(where)N -2966(the)X -3100(ultimate)X -3398(size)X -3559(of)X -3662(the)X -3796(table)X -3987(was)X -4147(known)X -4400(in)X -2706 2948(advance\),)N -3054(entering)X -3354(each)X -3539(key/data)X -3848(pair)X -4010(into)X -4171(the)X -4306(table)X -2706 3036(and)N -2849(then)X -3014(retrieving)X -3353(each)X -3528(key/data)X -3827(pair)X -3979(from)X -4162(the)X -4286(table.)X -2706 3124(Each)N -2898(of)X -2996(the)X -3125(graphs)X -3369(shows)X -3599(the)X -3727(timings)X -3996(resulting)X -4306(from)X -2706 3212(varying)N -2973(the)X -3093(pagesize)X -3392(from)X -3570(128)X -3712(bytes)X -3903(to)X -3986(1M)X -4118(and)X -4255(the)X -4374(\256ll)X -2706 3300(factor)N -2929(from)X -3120(1)X -3195(to)X -3292(128.)X -3486(For)X -3631(each)X -3813(run,)X -3974(the)X -4106(buffer)X -4337(size)X -2706 3388(was)N -2874(set)X -3006(at)X -3106(1M.)X -3299(The)X -3466(tests)X -3650(were)X -3849(all)X -3971(run)X -4120(on)X -4242(an)X -4360(HP)X -2706 3476(9000/370)N -3077(\(33.3)X -3312(Mhz)X -3527(MC68030\),)X -3966(with)X -4176(16M)X -4395(of)X -2706 3564(memory,)N -3042(64K)X -3228(physically)X -3605(addressed)X -3970(cache,)X -4222(and)X -4386(an)X -2706 3652(HP7959S)N -3055(disk)X -3231(drive,)X -3459(running)X -3751(4.3BSD-Reno)X -4244(single-)X -2706 3740(user.)N -2878 3854(Both)N -3066(system)X -3321(time)X -3496(\(Figure)X -3764(5a\))X -3899(and)X -4047(elapsed)X -4320(time)X -2706 3942(\(Figure)N -2966(5b\))X -3097(show)X -3290(that)X -3434(for)X -3552(all)X -3655(bucket)X -3892(sizes,)X -4091(the)X -4212(greatest)X -2706 4030(performance)N -3137(gains)X -3329(are)X -3451(made)X -3648(by)X -3751(increasing)X -4104(the)X -4225(\256ll)X -4336(fac-)X -2706 4118(tor)N -2822(until)X -2995(equation)X -3298(1)X -3365(is)X -3445(satis\256ed.)X -3774(The)X -3925(user)X -4085(time)X -4253(shown)X -2706 4206(in)N -2791(Figure)X -3023(5c)X -3122(gives)X -3314(a)X -3373(more)X -3561(detailed)X -3838(picture)X -4083(of)X -4172(how)X -4332(per-)X -2706 4294(formance)N -3054(varies.)X -3330(The)X -3499(smaller)X -3778(bucket)X -4035(sizes)X -4234(require)X -2706 4382(fewer)N -2921(keys)X -3099(per)X -3233(page)X -3416(to)X -3509(satisfy)X -3749(equation)X -4056(1)X -4127(and)X -4274(there-)X -2706 4470(fore)N -2860(incur)X -3049(fewer)X -3257(collisions.)X -3607(However,)X -3946(when)X -4144(the)X -4265(buffer)X -2706 4558(pool)N -2884(size)X -3045(is)X -3134(\256xed,)X -3349(smaller)X -3620(pages)X -3838(imply)X -4059(more)X -4259(pages.)X -2706 4646(An)N -2830(increased)X -3160(number)X -3430(of)X -3522(pages)X -3730(means)X -3960(more)X -2 f -4150(malloc\(3\))X -1 f -2706 4734(calls)N -2879(and)X -3021(more)X -3212(overhead)X -3533(in)X -3621(the)X -3745(hash)X -3918(package's)X -4265(buffer)X -2706 4822(manager)N -3003(to)X -3085(manage)X -3355(the)X -3473(additional)X -3813(pages.)X -2878 4936(The)N -3028(tradeoff)X -3308(works)X -3529(out)X -3655(most)X -3834(favorably)X -4166(when)X -4364(the)X -2706 5024(page)N -2886(size)X -3039(is)X -3120(256)X -3268(and)X -3412(the)X -3538(\256ll)X -3654(factor)X -3870(is)X -3950(8.)X -4057(Similar)X -4319(con-)X -2706 5112(clusions)N -3009(were)X -3207(obtained)X -3524(if)X -3614(the)X -3753(test)X -3905(was)X -4071(run)X -4218(without)X -2706 5200(knowing)N -3007(the)X -3126(\256nal)X -3289(table)X -3466(size)X -3612(in)X -3695(advance.)X -4020(If)X -4095(the)X -4214(\256le)X -4337(was)X -2706 5288(closed)N -2942(and)X -3088(written)X -3345(to)X -3437(disk,)X -3620(the)X -3748(conclusions)X -4156(were)X -4343(still)X -2706 5376(the)N -2832(same.)X -3065(However,)X -3408(rereading)X -3740(the)X -3865(\256le)X -3994(from)X -4177(disk)X -4337(was)X -2706 5464(slightly)N -2983(faster)X -3199(if)X -3285(a)X -3358(larger)X -3583(bucket)X -3834(size)X -3996(and)X -4149(\256ll)X -4274(factor)X -2706 5552(were)N -2898(used)X -3079(\(1K)X -3238(bucket)X -3486(size)X -3645(and)X -3795(32)X -3909(\256ll)X -4031(factor\).)X -4320(This)X -2706 5640(follows)N -2987(intuitively)X -3356(from)X -3553(the)X -3691(improved)X -4038(ef\256ciency)X -4395(of)X -3 f -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4424(7)X - -8 p -%%Page: 8 8 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -1 f -432 538(performing)N -830(1K)X -965(reads)X -1172(from)X -1365(the)X -1500(disk)X -1670(rather)X -1894(than)X -2068(256)X -432 626(byte)N -609(reads.)X -857(In)X -962(general,)X -1257(performance)X -1702(for)X -1834(disk)X -2005(based)X -432 714(tables)N -639(is)X -712(best)X -861(when)X -1055(the)X -1173(page)X -1345(size)X -1490(is)X -1563(approximately)X -2046(1K.)X -10 f -432 802 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -619 2380 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -629 2437 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -648 2504 MXY --12 25 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -25 Dl -686 2515 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -762 2516 MXY --12 24 Dl -25 0 Dl --13 -24 Dl -916 2515 MXY --13 24 Dl -25 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -1222 2516 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -1834 2515 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -1 Dt -619 2392 MXY -10 57 Dl -19 67 Dl -38 11 Dl -76 1 Dl -154 -1 Dl -306 1 Dl -612 -1 Dl -8 s -1 f -1628 2522(128)N -3 Dt -607 2245 MXY -24 Dc -617 2375 MXY -23 Dc -635 2442 MXY -24 Dc -674 2525 MXY -23 Dc -750 2529 MXY -24 Dc -904 2527 MXY -23 Dc -1210 MX -23 Dc -1822 2528 MXY -23 Dc -20 Ds -1 Dt -619 2245 MXY -10 130 Dl -19 67 Dl -38 83 Dl -76 4 Dl -154 -2 Dl -306 0 Dl -612 1 Dl -678 2482(256)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -619 2127 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -629 2191 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -648 2334 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -686 2409 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -13 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -762 2516 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -12 Dl -13 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -916 2516 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -1222 2515 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -1834 2515 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -5 Dt -619 2139 MXY -10 65 Dl -19 142 Dl -38 75 Dl -76 108 Dl -154 -1 Dl -306 -1 Dl -612 0 Dl -694 2401(512)N -3 Dt -631 2064 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -641 2077 MXY --24 25 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -13 Dl -24 25 Dl -660 2132 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -698 2292 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -775 2382 MXY --25 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -25 24 Dl -928 2516 MXY --25 24 Dl -13 -12 Dl --13 -12 Dl -25 24 Dl -1234 2516 MXY --24 25 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -13 Dl -24 25 Dl -1846 2516 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -16 Ds -1 Dt -619 2076 MXY -10 14 Dl -19 54 Dl -38 160 Dl -76 90 Dl -154 134 Dl -306 1 Dl -612 -1 Dl -694 2257(1024)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -619 1877 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -629 1855 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -648 1838 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -686 1860 MXY -12 -25 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 25 Dl -762 1923 MXY -13 -24 Dl --25 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -916 2087 MXY -12 -24 Dl --25 0 Dl -13 24 Dl -1222 2256 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -1834 2541 MXY -12 -25 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 25 Dl -619 1865 MXY -10 -22 Dl -19 -17 Dl -38 21 Dl -76 64 Dl -154 164 Dl -306 169 Dl -612 285 Dl -1645 2427(4096)N -619 1243 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -629 1196 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -648 1146 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -686 1174 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -13 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -762 1249 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -13 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -916 1371 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -1222 1680 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -1834 1999 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -619 1255 MXY -10 -47 Dl -19 -50 Dl -38 28 Dl -76 75 Dl -154 122 Dl -306 309 Dl -612 319 Dl -1741 1934(8192)N -5 Dt -609 2531 MXY -1225 0 Dl -609 MX -0 -1553 Dl -2531 MY -0 16 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2531 MY -0 -1553 Dl -593 2625(0)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -916 2531 MXY -0 16 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2531 MY -0 -1553 Dl -884 2625(32)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -1222 2531 MXY -0 16 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2531 MY -0 -1553 Dl -1190 2625(64)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -1528 2531 MXY -0 16 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2531 MY -0 -1553 Dl -1496 2625(96)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -1834 2531 MXY -0 16 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2531 MY -0 -1553 Dl -1786 2625(128)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -609 2531 MXY --16 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -609 MX -1225 0 Dl -545 2558(0)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -609 2013 MXY --16 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -609 MX -1225 0 Dl -481 2040(100)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -609 1496 MXY --16 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -609 MX -1225 0 Dl -481 1523(200)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -609 978 MXY --16 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -609 MX -1225 0 Dl -481 1005(300)N -1088 2724(Fill)N -1194(Factor)X -422 1611(S)N -426 1667(e)N -426 1724(c)N -424 1780(o)N -424 1837(n)N -424 1893(d)N -428 1949(s)N -3 Dt --1 Ds -3 f -432 2882(Figure)N -636(5a:)X -1 f -744(System)X -956(Time)X -1113(for)X -1209(dictionary)X -1490(data)X -1618(set)X -1711(with)X -1847(1M)X -1958(of)X -2033(buffer)X -432 2970(space)N -594(and)X -707(varying)X -923(bucket)X -1114(sizes)X -1259(and)X -1372(\256ll)X -1465(factors.)X -1675(Each)X -1823(line)X -1940(is)X -2004(labeled)X -432 3058(with)N -562(its)X -639(bucket)X -825(size.)X -10 s -10 f -432 3234 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -8 s -1 f -428 4381(s)N -424 4325(d)N -424 4269(n)N -424 4212(o)N -426 4156(c)N -426 4099(e)N -422 4043(S)N -1116 5156(Fill)N -1222(Factor)X -506 3437(3200)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 3410 MXY -1168 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -666 MX --16 0 Dl -506 3825(2400)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 3799 MXY -1168 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -666 MX --16 0 Dl -506 4214(1600)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 4186 MXY -1168 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -666 MX --16 0 Dl -538 4602(800)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 4575 MXY -1168 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -666 MX --16 0 Dl -602 4990(0)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 4963 MXY -1168 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -666 MX --16 0 Dl -1786 5057(128)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -1834 4963 MXY -0 -1553 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -4963 MY -0 16 Dl -1510 5057(96)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -1542 4963 MXY -0 -1553 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -4963 MY -0 16 Dl -1218 5057(64)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -1250 4963 MXY -0 -1553 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -4963 MY -0 16 Dl -926 5057(32)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -958 4963 MXY -0 -1553 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -4963 MY -0 16 Dl -650 5057(0)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -666 4963 MXY -0 -1553 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -4963 MY -0 16 Dl -4963 MY -0 -1553 Dl -4963 MY -1168 0 Dl -1741 4752(8192)N -3 Dt -675 3732 MXY -9 -172 Dl -18 -118 Dl -37 128 Dl -73 -121 Dl -146 623 Dl -292 497 Dl -584 245 Dl -4802 MY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -1250 4557 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -13 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -958 4060 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -812 3437 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -739 3558 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -702 3430 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -13 Dl -13 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -684 3548 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -675 3720 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -1637 4912(4096)N -675 4307 MXY -9 -58 Dl -18 30 Dl -37 89 Dl -73 144 Dl -146 235 Dl -292 122 Dl -584 89 Dl -4970 MY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -1250 4881 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -958 4759 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -812 4524 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -739 4380 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -702 4291 MXY -13 -24 Dl --25 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -684 4261 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -675 4319 MXY -12 -24 Dl --24 0 Dl -12 24 Dl -734 4662(1024)N -16 Ds -1 Dt -675 4352 MXY -9 60 Dl -18 134 Dl -37 266 Dl -73 117 Dl -146 30 Dl -292 0 Dl -584 -1 Dl --1 Ds -3 Dt -1846 4946 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -1262 4946 MXY --24 25 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -13 Dl -24 25 Dl -970 4947 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -824 4917 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -751 4800 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -715 4534 MXY --25 25 Dl -12 -13 Dl --12 -12 Dl -25 25 Dl -696 4400 MXY --24 24 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -12 Dl -24 24 Dl -687 4339 MXY --24 25 Dl -12 -12 Dl --12 -13 Dl -24 25 Dl -718 4792(512)N -5 Dt -675 4422 MXY -9 137 Dl -18 278 Dl -37 105 Dl -73 18 Dl -146 -1 Dl -292 0 Dl -584 -1 Dl -3 Dt -4946 MY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -1250 4946 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -958 4947 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -812 4948 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -739 4930 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -702 4824 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -12 Dl -13 0 Dl --25 0 Dl -684 4547 MXY -0 24 Dl -0 -12 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -675 4410 MXY -0 25 Dl -0 -13 Dl -12 0 Dl --24 0 Dl -750 4921(256)N -20 Ds -1 Dt -675 4597 MXY -9 246 Dl -18 106 Dl -37 10 Dl -73 0 Dl -146 0 Dl -292 0 Dl -584 -1 Dl --1 Ds -3 Dt -1822 MX -23 Dc -1238 4959 MXY -23 Dc -946 MX -23 Dc -800 MX -23 Dc -727 MX -23 Dc -691 4949 MXY -23 Dc -672 4843 MXY -24 Dc -663 4597 MXY -24 Dc -1395 4961(128)N -1 Dt -675 4855 MXY -9 93 Dl -18 10 Dl -37 1 Dl -73 0 Dl -146 -1 Dl -292 0 Dl -584 0 Dl -3 Dt -4946 MY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -1250 MX --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -958 MX --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -812 MX --12 25 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -25 Dl -739 4947 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -702 4946 MXY --12 24 Dl -25 0 Dl --13 -24 Dl -684 4936 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -675 4843 MXY --12 24 Dl -24 0 Dl --12 -24 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -3 f -432 5314(Figure)N -634(5b:)X -1 f -744(Elapsed)X -967(Time)X -1123(for)X -1218(dictionary)X -1498(data)X -1625(set)X -1717(with)X -1851(1M)X -1960(of)X -2033(buffer)X -432 5402(space)N -593(and)X -705(varying)X -920(bucket)X -1110(sizes)X -1254(and)X -1366(\256ll)X -1457(factors.)X -1681(Each)X -1827(line)X -1942(is)X -2004(labeled)X -432 5490(with)N -562(its)X -639(bucket)X -825(size.)X -10 s -2590 538(If)N -2677(an)X -2785(approximation)X -3284(of)X -3383(the)X -3513(number)X -3790(of)X -3889(elements)X -2418 626(ultimately)N -2773(to)X -2866(be)X -2973(stored)X -3200(in)X -3293(the)X -3422(hash)X -3599(table)X -3785(is)X -3868(known)X -4116(at)X -2418 714(the)N -2564(time)X -2754(of)X -2869(creation,)X -3196(the)X -3342(hash)X -3536(package)X -3847(takes)X -4059(this)X -2418 802(number)N -2688(as)X -2779(a)X -2839(parameter)X -3185(and)X -3325(uses)X -3487(it)X -3555(to)X -3641(hash)X -3812(entries)X -4050(into)X -2418 890(the)N -2541(full)X -2677(sized)X -2867(table)X -3048(rather)X -3261(than)X -3424(growing)X -3716(the)X -3838(table)X -4018(from)X -2418 978(a)N -2477(single)X -2691(bucket.)X -2968(If)X -3044(this)X -3181(number)X -3448(is)X -3523(not)X -3647(known,)X -3907(the)X -4027(hash)X -2418 1066(table)N -2632(starts)X -2859(with)X -3059(a)X -3153(single)X -3402(bucket)X -3674(and)X -3848(gracefully)X -2418 1154(expands)N -2707(as)X -2800(elements)X -3111(are)X -3236(added,)X -3474(although)X -3780(a)X -3842(slight)X -4044(per-)X -2418 1242(formance)N -2747(degradation)X -3151(may)X -3313(be)X -3413(noticed.)X -3713(Figure)X -3946(6)X -4010(illus-)X -2418 1330(trates)N -2625(the)X -2756(difference)X -3116(in)X -3211(performance)X -3651(between)X -3952(storing)X -2418 1418(keys)N -2588(in)X -2673(a)X -2732(\256le)X -2857(when)X -3054(the)X -3174(ultimate)X -3458(size)X -3605(is)X -3680(known)X -3920(\(the)X -4067(left)X -2418 1506(bars)N -2581(in)X -2672(each)X -2849(set\),)X -3014(compared)X -3360(to)X -3450(building)X -3744(the)X -3870(\256le)X -4000(when)X -2418 1594(the)N -2550(ultimate)X -2846(size)X -3005(is)X -3091(unknown)X -3422(\(the)X -3580(right)X -3764(bars)X -3931(in)X -4026(each)X -2418 1682(set\).)N -2609(Once)X -2814(the)X -2947(\256ll)X -3069(factor)X -3291(is)X -3378(suf\256ciently)X -3772(high)X -3948(for)X -4076(the)X -2418 1770(page)N -2596(size)X -2747(\(8\),)X -2887(growing)X -3180(the)X -3304(table)X -3486(dynamically)X -3908(does)X -4081(lit-)X -2418 1858(tle)N -2518(to)X -2600(degrade)X -2875(performance.)X -10 f -2418 1946 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -9 s -1 f -2413 3238(s)N -2409 3173(d)N -2409 3108(n)N -2409 3043(o)N -2411 2979(c)N -2411 2914(e)N -2407 2849(S)N -3143 4129(Fill)N -3261(Factor)X -2448 2152(15)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2557 2122 MXY -1473 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -2557 MX --19 0 Dl -2448 2747(10)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2557 2717 MXY -1473 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -2557 MX --19 0 Dl -2484 3343(5)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2557 3313 MXY -1473 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -2557 MX --19 0 Dl -2484 3938(0)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2557 3908 MXY -1473 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -2557 MX --19 0 Dl -3976 4015(128)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -4030 3908 MXY -0 -1786 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -3908 MY -0 19 Dl -3626 4015(96)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -3662 3908 MXY -0 -1786 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -3908 MY -0 19 Dl -3258 4015(64)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -3294 3908 MXY -0 -1786 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -3908 MY -0 19 Dl -2889 4015(32)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2925 3908 MXY -0 -1786 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -3908 MY -0 19 Dl -2539 4015(0)N -4 Ds -1 Dt -2557 3908 MXY -0 -1786 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -3908 MY -0 19 Dl -3908 MY -0 -1786 Dl -3908 MY -1473 0 Dl -4053 2378(8192)N -3 Dt -2569 2277 MXY -11 0 Dl -23 48 Dl -46 -167 Dl -92 35 Dl -184 12 Dl -369 143 Dl -736 0 Dl -2334 MY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -3294 2334 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -13 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -2925 2192 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2741 2180 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2649 2144 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2603 2311 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -13 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2580 2263 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2569 2263 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -13 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -4053 2591(4096)N -2569 2348 MXY -11 -11 Dl -23 -96 Dl -46 71 Dl -92 72 Dl -184 226 Dl -369 48 Dl -736 -60 Dl -2612 MY -14 -28 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -3294 2672 MXY -13 -28 Dl --27 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -2925 2624 MXY -14 -28 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -2741 2398 MXY -14 -28 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -2649 2326 MXY -14 -27 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 27 Dl -2603 2255 MXY -14 -28 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -2580 2350 MXY -14 -27 Dl --28 0 Dl -14 27 Dl -2569 2362 MXY -13 -28 Dl --27 0 Dl -14 28 Dl -4053 2681(1024)N -16 Ds -1 Dt -2569 2300 MXY -11 48 Dl -23 96 Dl -46 95 Dl -92 274 Dl -184 202 Dl -369 -155 Dl -736 -190 Dl --1 Ds -3 Dt -4044 2656 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -3307 2846 MXY --27 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -27 28 Dl -2939 3001 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -2755 2799 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -2663 2525 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -2617 2430 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -2594 2334 MXY --28 28 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -14 Dl -28 28 Dl -2582 2287 MXY --27 27 Dl -14 -14 Dl --14 -13 Dl -27 27 Dl -4053 2851(512)N -5 Dt -2569 2372 MXY -11 -24 Dl -23 405 Dl -46 83 Dl -92 227 Dl -184 -72 Dl -369 -119 Dl -736 -107 Dl -3 Dt -2751 MY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -3294 2858 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -13 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -2925 2977 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2741 3049 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -13 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2649 2823 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2603 2739 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2580 2334 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2569 2358 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -13 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -4053 2795(256)N -20 Ds -1 Dt -2569 2456 MXY -11 285 Dl -23 95 Dl -46 251 Dl -92 -60 Dl -184 -84 Dl -369 -107 Dl -736 -71 Dl --1 Ds -3 Dt -4016 MX -27 Dc -3280 2836 MXY -27 Dc -2912 2943 MXY -27 Dc -2728 3027 MXY -27 Dc -2635 3087 MXY -28 Dc -2589 2836 MXY -28 Dc -2566 2741 MXY -27 Dc -2554 2456 MXY -28 Dc -4053 2741(128)N -1 Dt -2569 2729 MXY -11 203 Dl -23 131 Dl -46 -60 Dl -92 -119 Dl -184 -60 Dl -369 -83 Dl -736 -12 Dl -3 Dt -2716 MY --14 27 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -27 Dl -3294 2727 MXY --14 28 Dl -27 0 Dl --13 -28 Dl -2925 2811 MXY --14 27 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -27 Dl -2741 2870 MXY --14 28 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -28 Dl -2649 2989 MXY --14 28 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -28 Dl -2603 3049 MXY --14 27 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -27 Dl -2580 2918 MXY --14 28 Dl -28 0 Dl --14 -28 Dl -2569 2716 MXY --14 27 Dl -27 0 Dl --13 -27 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -3 f -8 s -2418 4286(Figure)N -2628(5c:)X -1 f -2738(User)X -2887(Time)X -3051(for)X -3154(dictionary)X -3442(data)X -3577(set)X -3677(with)X -3820(1M)X -3938(of)X -4019(buffer)X -2418 4374(space)N -2579(and)X -2691(varying)X -2906(bucket)X -3096(sizes)X -3240(and)X -3352(\256ll)X -3443(factors.)X -3667(Each)X -3813(line)X -3928(is)X -3990(labeled)X -2418 4462(with)N -2548(its)X -2625(bucket)X -2811(size.)X -10 s -10 f -2418 4638 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 f -2590 4840(Since)N -2796(no)X -2904(known)X -3150(hash)X -3325(function)X -3620(performs)X -3938(equally)X -2418 4928(well)N -2589(on)X -2702(all)X -2815(possible)X -3110(data,)X -3297(the)X -3428(user)X -3595(may)X -3766(\256nd)X -3923(that)X -4076(the)X -2418 5016(built-in)N -2678(hash)X -2849(function)X -3140(does)X -3311(poorly)X -3544(on)X -3648(a)X -3708(particular)X -4040(data)X -2418 5104(set.)N -2548(In)X -2636(this)X -2771(case,)X -2950(a)X -3006(hash)X -3173(function,)X -3480(taking)X -3700(two)X -3840(arguments)X -2418 5192(\(a)N -2507(pointer)X -2760(to)X -2848(a)X -2910(byte)X -3074(string)X -3282(and)X -3424(a)X -3486(length\))X -3739(and)X -3880(returning)X -2418 5280(an)N -2517(unsigned)X -2829(long)X -2993(to)X -3077(be)X -3175(used)X -3344(as)X -3433(the)X -3553(hash)X -3722(value,)X -3938(may)X -4098(be)X -2418 5368(speci\256ed)N -2731(at)X -2817(hash)X -2992(table)X -3176(creation)X -3463(time.)X -3673(When)X -3893(an)X -3996(exist-)X -2418 5456(ing)N -2570(hash)X -2767(table)X -2973(is)X -3076(opened)X -3358(and)X -3524(a)X -3609(hash)X -3805(function)X -4121(is)X -2418 5544(speci\256ed,)N -2752(the)X -2879(hash)X -3054(package)X -3346(will)X -3498(try)X -3615(to)X -3705(determine)X -4054(that)X -2418 5632(the)N -2546(hash)X -2723(function)X -3020(supplied)X -3321(is)X -3404(the)X -3532(one)X -3678(with)X -3850(which)X -4076(the)X -2418 5720(table)N -2630(was)X -2811(created.)X -3139(There)X -3382(are)X -3536(a)X -3627(variety)X -3905(of)X -4027(hash)X -3 f -432 5960(8)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -9 p -%%Page: 9 9 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -1 f -720 538(functions)N -1065(provided)X -1397(with)X -1586(the)X -1731(package.)X -2082(The)X -2253(default)X -720 626(function)N -1014(for)X -1135(the)X -1260(package)X -1551(is)X -1631(the)X -1755(one)X -1897(which)X -2119(offered)X -2378(the)X -720 714(best)N -875(performance)X -1308(in)X -1396(terms)X -1600(of)X -1693(cycles)X -1920(executed)X -2232(per)X -2360(call)X -720 802(\(it)N -827(did)X -965(not)X -1103(produce)X -1398(the)X -1531(fewest)X -1776(collisions)X -2117(although)X -2432(it)X -720 890(was)N -866(within)X -1091(a)X -1148(small)X -1341(percentage)X -1710(of)X -1797(the)X -1915(function)X -2202(that)X -2342(pro-)X -720 978(duced)N -947(the)X -1080(fewest)X -1324(collisions\).)X -1731(Again,)X -1981(in)X -2077(time)X -2253(critical)X -720 1066(applications,)N -1152(users)X -1342(are)X -1466(encouraged)X -1862(to)X -1949(experiment)X -2334(with)X -720 1154(a)N -783(variety)X -1032(of)X -1125(hash)X -1298(functions)X -1622(to)X -1710(achieve)X -1982(optimal)X -2252(perfor-)X -720 1242(mance.)N -10 f -720 1330 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -7 s -1038 2925(Full)N -1149(size)X -1251(table)X -1384(\(left\))X -1547 2718(Fill)N -1643(Factor)X -2268 2662(64)N -1964(32)X -1674(16)X -1384(8)X -1093(4)X -4 Ds -1 Dt -900 2280 MXY -1548 0 Dl -900 1879 MXY -1548 0 Dl -900 1506 MXY -1548 0 Dl -1563 2902 MXY -111 0 Dl --1 Ds -900 MX -110 0 Dl -1425 2828(System)N -983(User)X -1895 2778 MXY - 1895 2778 lineto - 1950 2778 lineto - 1950 2833 lineto - 1895 2833 lineto - 1895 2778 lineto -closepath 21 1895 2778 1950 2833 Dp -1342 MX - 1342 2778 lineto - 1397 2778 lineto - 1397 2833 lineto - 1342 2833 lineto - 1342 2778 lineto -closepath 14 1342 2778 1397 2833 Dp -900 MX - 900 2778 lineto - 955 2778 lineto - 955 2833 lineto - 900 2833 lineto - 900 2778 lineto -closepath 3 900 2778 955 2833 Dp -5 Dt -2283 2211 MXY -96 0 Dl -1992 MX -97 0 Dl -1702 MX -97 0 Dl -1411 2252 MXY -97 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2283 2211 MXY - 2283 2211 lineto - 2379 2211 lineto - 2379 2252 lineto - 2283 2252 lineto - 2283 2211 lineto -closepath 14 2283 2211 2379 2252 Dp -1992 MX - 1992 2211 lineto - 2089 2211 lineto - 2089 2252 lineto - 1992 2252 lineto - 1992 2211 lineto -closepath 14 1992 2211 2089 2252 Dp -1702 MX - 1702 2211 lineto - 1799 2211 lineto - 1799 2252 lineto - 1702 2252 lineto - 1702 2211 lineto -closepath 14 1702 2211 1799 2252 Dp -1411 2252 MXY - 1411 2252 lineto - 1508 2252 lineto - 1508 2294 lineto - 1411 2294 lineto - 1411 2252 lineto -closepath 14 1411 2252 1508 2294 Dp -2283 MX - 2283 2252 lineto - 2379 2252 lineto - 2379 2612 lineto - 2283 2612 lineto - 2283 2252 lineto -closepath 3 2283 2252 2379 2612 Dp -1992 MX - 1992 2252 lineto - 2089 2252 lineto - 2089 2612 lineto - 1992 2612 lineto - 1992 2252 lineto -closepath 3 1992 2252 2089 2612 Dp -1702 MX - 1702 2252 lineto - 1799 2252 lineto - 1799 2612 lineto - 1702 2612 lineto - 1702 2252 lineto -closepath 3 1702 2252 1799 2612 Dp -1411 2294 MXY - 1411 2294 lineto - 1508 2294 lineto - 1508 2612 lineto - 1411 2612 lineto - 1411 2294 lineto -closepath 3 1411 2294 1508 2612 Dp --1 Ds -2158 2238 MXY - 2158 2238 lineto - 2255 2238 lineto - 2255 2252 lineto - 2158 2252 lineto - 2158 2238 lineto -closepath 21 2158 2238 2255 2252 Dp -1868 MX - 1868 2238 lineto - 1965 2238 lineto - 1965 2280 lineto - 1868 2280 lineto - 1868 2238 lineto -closepath 21 1868 2238 1965 2280 Dp -1577 MX - 1577 2238 lineto - 1674 2238 lineto - 1674 2308 lineto - 1577 2308 lineto - 1577 2238 lineto -closepath 21 1577 2238 1674 2308 Dp -1287 2308 MXY - 1287 2308 lineto - 1287 2280 lineto - 1384 2280 lineto - 1384 2308 lineto - 1287 2308 lineto -closepath 21 1287 2280 1384 2308 Dp -2158 2280 MXY - 2158 2280 lineto - 2158 2252 lineto - 2255 2252 lineto - 2255 2280 lineto - 2158 2280 lineto -closepath 14 2158 2252 2255 2280 Dp -1868 2308 MXY - 1868 2308 lineto - 1868 2280 lineto - 1965 2280 lineto - 1965 2308 lineto - 1868 2308 lineto -closepath 14 1868 2280 1965 2308 Dp -1577 2335 MXY - 1577 2335 lineto - 1577 2308 lineto - 1674 2308 lineto - 1674 2335 lineto - 1577 2335 lineto -closepath 14 1577 2308 1674 2335 Dp -1287 2363 MXY - 1287 2363 lineto - 1287 2308 lineto - 1384 2308 lineto - 1384 2363 lineto - 1287 2363 lineto -closepath 14 1287 2308 1384 2363 Dp -2158 2280 MXY - 2158 2280 lineto - 2255 2280 lineto - 2255 2612 lineto - 2158 2612 lineto - 2158 2280 lineto -closepath 3 2158 2280 2255 2612 Dp -1868 2308 MXY - 1868 2308 lineto - 1965 2308 lineto - 1965 2612 lineto - 1868 2612 lineto - 1868 2308 lineto -closepath 3 1868 2308 1965 2612 Dp -1577 2335 MXY - 1577 2335 lineto - 1674 2335 lineto - 1674 2612 lineto - 1577 2612 lineto - 1577 2335 lineto -closepath 3 1577 2335 1674 2612 Dp -1287 2363 MXY - 1287 2363 lineto - 1384 2363 lineto - 1384 2612 lineto - 1287 2612 lineto - 1287 2363 lineto -closepath 3 1287 2363 1384 2612 Dp -4 Ds -1121 2066 MXY - 1121 2066 lineto - 1218 2066 lineto - 1224 2080 lineto - 1127 2080 lineto - 1121 2066 lineto -closepath 21 1121 2066 1224 2080 Dp -2080 MY - 1121 2080 lineto - 1218 2080 lineto - 1218 2273 lineto - 1121 2273 lineto - 1121 2080 lineto -closepath 14 1121 2080 1218 2273 Dp -2273 MY - 1121 2273 lineto - 1218 2273 lineto - 1218 2612 lineto - 1121 2612 lineto - 1121 2273 lineto -closepath 3 1121 2273 1218 2612 Dp --1 Ds -997 1589 MXY - 997 1589 lineto - 1093 1589 lineto - 1093 1644 lineto - 997 1644 lineto - 997 1589 lineto -closepath 21 997 1589 1093 1644 Dp -1644 MY - 997 1644 lineto - 1093 1644 lineto - 1093 2280 lineto - 997 2280 lineto - 997 1644 lineto -closepath 14 997 1644 1093 2280 Dp -2280 MY - 997 2280 lineto - 1093 2280 lineto - 1093 2612 lineto - 997 2612 lineto - 997 2280 lineto -closepath 3 997 2280 1093 2612 Dp -10 s -719 2093(s)N -712 2037(d)N -712 1982(n)N -714 1927(o)N -716 1872(c)N -716 1816(e)N -712 1761(S)N -804 2286(10)N -804 1899(20)N -804 1540(30)N -3 Dt -900 1506 MXY -0 1106 Dl -1548 0 Dl -7 s -1978 2828(Elapsed)N -1701 2925(Dynamically)N -2018(grown)X -2184(table)X -2317(\(right\))X -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -720 3180(Figure)N -934(6:)X -1 f -1020(The)X -1152(total)X -1299(regions)X -1520(indicate)X -1755(the)X -1865(difference)X -2154(between)X -2398(the)X -720 3268(elapsed)N -931(time)X -1065(and)X -1177(the)X -1275(sum)X -1402(of)X -1475(the)X -1573(system)X -1771(and)X -1883(user)X -2008(time.)X -2173(The)X -2291(left)X -2395(bar)X -720 3356(of)N -798(each)X -939(set)X -1035(depicts)X -1241(the)X -1344(timing)X -1537(of)X -1615(the)X -1718(test)X -1831(run)X -1940(when)X -2102(the)X -2204(number)X -2423(of)X -720 3444(entries)N -910(is)X -973(known)X -1167(in)X -1237(advance.)X -1496(The)X -1614(right)X -1754(bars)X -1879(depict)X -2054(the)X -2151(timing)X -2338(when)X -720 3532(the)N -814(\256le)X -912(is)X -971(grown)X -1150(from)X -1290(a)X -1334(single)X -1503(bucket.)X -10 s -10 f -720 3708 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -1 f -892 3910(Since)N -1131(this)X -1307(hashing)X -1617(package)X -1942(provides)X -2279(buffer)X -720 3998(management,)N -1188(the)X -1323(amount)X -1600(of)X -1704(space)X -1920(allocated)X -2247(for)X -2378(the)X -720 4086(buffer)N -948(pool)X -1121(may)X -1290(be)X -1397(speci\256ed)X -1713(by)X -1824(the)X -1953(user.)X -2157(Using)X -2378(the)X -720 4174(same)N -910(data)X -1069(set)X -1183(and)X -1324(test)X -1459(procedure)X -1805(as)X -1896(used)X -2067(to)X -2153(derive)X -2378(the)X -720 4262(graphs)N -962(in)X -1052(Figures)X -1320(5a-c,)X -1507(Figure)X -1744(7)X -1812(shows)X -2039(the)X -2164(impact)X -2409(of)X -720 4350(varying)N -997(the)X -1126(size)X -1282(of)X -1380(the)X -1509(buffer)X -1737(pool.)X -1950(The)X -2106(bucket)X -2351(size)X -720 4438(was)N -873(set)X -989(to)X -1078(256)X -1225(bytes)X -1421(and)X -1564(the)X -1689(\256ll)X -1804(factor)X -2019(was)X -2171(set)X -2287(to)X -2376(16.)X -720 4526(The)N -869(buffer)X -1090(pool)X -1256(size)X -1404(was)X -1552(varied)X -1776(from)X -1955(0)X -2018(\(the)X -2166(minimum)X -720 4614(number)N -986(of)X -1074(pages)X -1277(required)X -1565(to)X -1647(be)X -1743(buffered\))X -2063(to)X -2145(1M.)X -2316(With)X -720 4702(1M)N -854(of)X -944(buffer)X -1164(space,)X -1386(the)X -1507(package)X -1794(performed)X -2151(no)X -2253(I/O)X -2382(for)X -720 4790(this)N -871(data)X -1040(set.)X -1204(As)X -1328(Figure)X -1572(7)X -1647(illustrates,)X -2013(increasing)X -2378(the)X -720 4878(buffer)N -944(pool)X -1113(size)X -1265(can)X -1404(have)X -1583(a)X -1646(dramatic)X -1954(affect)X -2165(on)X -2271(result-)X -720 4966(ing)N -842(performance.)X -2 f -8 s -1269 4941(7)N -1 f -16 s -720 5353 MXY -864 0 Dl -2 f -8 s -760 5408(7)N -1 f -9 s -826 5433(Some)N -1024(allocators)X -1338(are)X -1460(extremely)X -1782(inef\256cient)X -2107(at)X -2192(allocating)X -720 5513(memory.)N -1029(If)X -1110(you)X -1251(\256nd)X -1396(that)X -1536(applications)X -1916(are)X -2036(running)X -2292(out)X -2416(of)X -720 5593(memory)N -1005(before)X -1234(you)X -1386(think)X -1578(they)X -1746(should,)X -2000(try)X -2124(varying)X -2388(the)X -720 5673(pagesize)N -986(to)X -1060(get)X -1166(better)X -1348(utilization)X -1658(from)X -1816(the)X -1922(memory)X -2180(allocator.)X -10 s -2830 1975 MXY -0 -28 Dl -28 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --28 0 Dl -2853 2004 MXY -0 -27 Dl -28 0 Dl -0 27 Dl --28 0 Dl -2876 2016 MXY -0 -27 Dl -27 0 Dl -0 27 Dl --27 0 Dl -2922 1998 MXY -0 -27 Dl -27 0 Dl -0 27 Dl --27 0 Dl -2967 2025 MXY -0 -28 Dl -28 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --28 0 Dl -3013 2031 MXY -0 -28 Dl -28 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --28 0 Dl -3059 MX -0 -28 Dl -27 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --27 0 Dl -3196 2052 MXY -0 -28 Dl -27 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --27 0 Dl -3561 2102 MXY -0 -28 Dl -28 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --28 0 Dl -4292 2105 MXY -0 -28 Dl -27 0 Dl -0 28 Dl --27 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2844 1961 MXY -23 30 Dl -23 12 Dl -45 -18 Dl -46 26 Dl -46 6 Dl -45 0 Dl -137 21 Dl -366 50 Dl -730 3 Dl -9 s -4227 2158(User)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -2830 1211 MXY -27 Dc -2853 1261 MXY -27 Dc -2876 1267 MXY -27 Dc -2921 1341 MXY -27 Dc -2967 1385 MXY -27 Dc -3013 1450 MXY -27 Dc -3059 1497 MXY -27 Dc -3196 1686 MXY -27 Dc -3561 2109 MXY -27 Dc -4292 2295 MXY -27 Dc -20 Ds -1 Dt -2844 1211 MXY -23 50 Dl -23 6 Dl -45 74 Dl -46 44 Dl -46 65 Dl -45 47 Dl -137 189 Dl -366 423 Dl -730 186 Dl -4181 2270(System)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -2844 583 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2867 672 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -2890 701 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -13 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -2935 819 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -2981 849 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -3027 908 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -13 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -3072 1026 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -13 Dl -14 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -3209 1292 MXY -0 27 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -3575 1823 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --28 0 Dl -4305 2059 MXY -0 28 Dl -0 -14 Dl -14 0 Dl --27 0 Dl -5 Dt -2844 597 MXY -23 88 Dl -23 30 Dl -45 118 Dl -46 30 Dl -46 59 Dl -45 118 Dl -137 265 Dl -366 532 Dl -730 236 Dl -4328 2103(Total)N -2844 2310 MXY -1461 0 Dl -2844 MX -0 -1772 Dl -2310 MY -0 18 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2310 MY -0 -1772 Dl -2826 2416(0)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -3209 2310 MXY -0 18 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2310 MY -0 -1772 Dl -3155 2416(256)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -3575 2310 MXY -0 18 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2310 MY -0 -1772 Dl -3521 2416(512)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -3940 2310 MXY -0 18 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2310 MY -0 -1772 Dl -3886 2416(768)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -4305 2310 MXY -0 18 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2310 MY -0 -1772 Dl -4233 2416(1024)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -2844 2310 MXY --18 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2844 MX -1461 0 Dl -2771 2340(0)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -2844 2014 MXY --18 0 Dl -2844 1719 MXY --18 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2844 MX -1461 0 Dl -2735 1749(20)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -2844 1423 MXY --18 0 Dl -2844 1128 MXY --18 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2844 MX -1461 0 Dl -2735 1158(40)N --1 Ds -5 Dt -2844 833 MXY --18 0 Dl -2844 538 MXY --18 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2844 MX -1461 0 Dl -2735 568(60)N -3239 2529(Buffer)N -3445(Pool)X -3595(Size)X -3737(\(in)X -3835(K\))X -2695 1259(S)N -2699 1324(e)N -2699 1388(c)N -2697 1452(o)N -2697 1517(n)N -2697 1581(d)N -2701 1645(s)N -3 Dt --1 Ds -3 f -8 s -2706 2773(Figure)N -2908(7:)X -1 f -2982(User)X -3123(time)X -3258(is)X -3322(virtually)X -3560(insensitive)X -3854(to)X -3924(the)X -4022(amount)X -4234(of)X -4307(buffer)X -2706 2861(pool)N -2852(available,)X -3130(however,)X -3396(both)X -3541(system)X -3750(time)X -3895(and)X -4018(elapsed)X -4240(time)X -4385(are)X -2706 2949(inversely)N -2960(proportional)X -3296(to)X -3366(the)X -3464(size)X -3583(of)X -3656(the)X -3753(buffer)X -3927(pool.)X -4092(Even)X -4242(for)X -4335(large)X -2706 3037(data)N -2831(sets)X -2946(where)X -3120(one)X -3230(expects)X -3439(few)X -3552(collisions,)X -3832(specifying)X -4116(a)X -4162(large)X -4307(buffer)X -2706 3125(pool)N -2836(dramatically)X -3171(improves)X -3425(performance.)X -10 s -10 f -2706 3301 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -3175 3543(Enhanced)N -3536(Functionality)X -1 f -2878 3675(This)N -3046(hashing)X -3320(package)X -3609(provides)X -3910(a)X -3971(set)X -4085(of)X -4177(compati-)X -2706 3763(bility)N -2895(routines)X -3174(to)X -3257(implement)X -3620(the)X -2 f -3739(ndbm)X -1 f -3937(interface.)X -4279(How-)X -2706 3851(ever,)N -2893(when)X -3095(the)X -3220(native)X -3443(interface)X -3752(is)X -3832(used,)X -4026(the)X -4151(following)X -2706 3939(additional)N -3046(functionality)X -3475(is)X -3548(provided:)X -10 f -2798 4071(g)N -1 f -2946(Inserts)X -3197(never)X -3413(fail)X -3556(because)X -3847(too)X -3985(many)X -4199(keys)X -2946 4159(hash)N -3113(to)X -3195(the)X -3313(same)X -3498(value.)X -10 f -2798 4247(g)N -1 f -2946(Inserts)X -3187(never)X -3393(fail)X -3527(because)X -3808(key)X -3950(and/or)X -4181(asso-)X -2946 4335(ciated)N -3158(data)X -3312(is)X -3385(too)X -3507(large)X -10 f -2798 4423(g)N -1 f -2946(Hash)X -3131(functions)X -3449(may)X -3607(be)X -3703(user-speci\256ed.)X -10 f -2798 4511(g)N -1 f -2946(Multiple)X -3268(pages)X -3498(may)X -3683(be)X -3806(cached)X -4077(in)X -4186(main)X -2946 4599(memory.)N -2706 4731(It)N -2801(also)X -2976(provides)X -3298(a)X -3380(set)X -3514(of)X -3626(compatibility)X -4097(routines)X -4400(to)X -2706 4819(implement)N -3087(the)X -2 f -3224(hsearch)X -1 f -3516(interface.)X -3876(Again,)X -4130(the)X -4266(native)X -2706 4907(interface)N -3008(offers)X -3216(enhanced)X -3540(functionality:)X -10 f -2798 5039(g)N -1 f -2946(Files)X -3121(may)X -3279(grow)X -3464(beyond)X -2 f -3720(nelem)X -1 f -3932(elements.)X -10 f -2798 5127(g)N -1 f -2946(Multiple)X -3247(hash)X -3420(tables)X -3632(may)X -3795(be)X -3896(accessed)X -4203(con-)X -2946 5215(currently.)N -10 f -2798 5303(g)N -1 f -2946(Hash)X -3134(tables)X -3344(may)X -3505(be)X -3604(stored)X -3823(and)X -3962(accessed)X -4266(on)X -2946 5391(disk.)N -10 f -2798 5479(g)N -1 f -2946(Hash)X -3155(functions)X -3497(may)X -3679(be)X -3799(user-speci\256ed)X -4288(at)X -2946 5567(runtime.)N -3 f -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4424(9)X - -10 p -%%Page: 10 10 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -459 538(Relative)N -760(Performance)X -1227(of)X -1314(the)X -1441(New)X -1613(Implementation)X -1 f -604 670(The)N -761(performance)X -1200(testing)X -1445(of)X -1544(the)X -1674(new)X -1840(package)X -2135(is)X -432 758(divided)N -711(into)X -874(two)X -1033(test)X -1183(suites.)X -1424(The)X -1588(\256rst)X -1751(suite)X -1941(of)X -2046(tests)X -432 846(requires)N -727(that)X -882(the)X -1015(tables)X -1237(be)X -1348(read)X -1522(from)X -1713(and)X -1864(written)X -2126(to)X -432 934(disk.)N -640(In)X -742(these)X -942(tests,)X -1139(the)X -1272(basis)X -1467(for)X -1595(comparison)X -2003(is)X -2090(the)X -432 1022(4.3BSD-Reno)N -908(version)X -1169(of)X -2 f -1260(ndbm)X -1 f -1438(.)X -1502(Based)X -1722(on)X -1826(the)X -1948(designs)X -432 1110(of)N -2 f -521(sdbm)X -1 f -712(and)X -2 f -850(gdbm)X -1 f -1028(,)X -1070(they)X -1230(are)X -1351(expected)X -1659(to)X -1743(perform)X -2024(simi-)X -432 1198(larly)N -605(to)X -2 f -693(ndbm)X -1 f -871(,)X -917(and)X -1059(we)X -1179(do)X -1285(not)X -1413(show)X -1608(their)X -1781(performance)X -432 1286(numbers.)N -800(The)X -977(second)X -1252(suite)X -1454(contains)X -1772(the)X -1921(memory)X -432 1374(resident)N -712(test)X -849(which)X -1071(does)X -1243(not)X -1370(require)X -1623(that)X -1768(the)X -1891(\256les)X -2049(ever)X -432 1462(be)N -533(written)X -784(to)X -870(disk,)X -1047(only)X -1213(that)X -1357(hash)X -1528(tables)X -1739(may)X -1901(be)X -2001(mani-)X -432 1550(pulated)N -692(in)X -778(main)X -961(memory.)X -1291(In)X -1381(this)X -1519(test,)X -1673(we)X -1790(compare)X -2090(the)X -432 1638(performance)N -859(to)X -941(that)X -1081(of)X -1168(the)X -2 f -1286(hsearch)X -1 f -1560(routines.)X -604 1752(For)N -760(both)X -947(suites,)X -1194(two)X -1358(different)X -1679(databases)X -2031(were)X -432 1840(used.)N -656(The)X -818(\256rst)X -979(is)X -1069(the)X -1204(dictionary)X -1566(database)X -1880(described)X -432 1928(previously.)N -836(The)X -987(second)X -1236(was)X -1386(constructed)X -1781(from)X -1962(a)X -2023(pass-)X -432 2016(word)N -647(\256le)X -799(with)X -990(approximately)X -1502(300)X -1671(accounts.)X -2041(Two)X -432 2104(records)N -700(were)X -887(constructed)X -1287(for)X -1411(each)X -1589(account.)X -1909(The)X -2064(\256rst)X -432 2192(used)N -604(the)X -727(logname)X -1028(as)X -1120(the)X -1243(key)X -1384(and)X -1525(the)X -1648(remainder)X -1999(of)X -2090(the)X -432 2280(password)N -768(entry)X -965(for)X -1091(the)X -1221(data.)X -1427(The)X -1584(second)X -1839(was)X -1996(keyed)X -432 2368(by)N -541(uid)X -672(and)X -817(contained)X -1157(the)X -1283(entire)X -1494(password)X -1825(entry)X -2018(as)X -2113(its)X -432 2456(data)N -589(\256eld.)X -794(The)X -942(tests)X -1107(were)X -1287(all)X -1389(run)X -1518(on)X -1620(the)X -1740(HP)X -1864(9000)X -2046(with)X -432 2544(the)N -574(same)X -783(con\256guration)X -1254(previously)X -1636(described.)X -2027(Each)X -432 2632(test)N -576(was)X -734(run)X -874(\256ve)X -1027(times)X -1232(and)X -1380(the)X -1510(timing)X -1750(results)X -1991(of)X -2090(the)X -432 2720(runs)N -602(were)X -791(averaged.)X -1154(The)X -1311(variance)X -1616(across)X -1849(the)X -1979(5)X -2050(runs)X -432 2808(was)N -591(approximately)X -1088(1%)X -1229(of)X -1330(the)X -1462(average)X -1746(yielding)X -2041(95%)X -432 2896(con\256dence)N -800(intervals)X -1096(of)X -1183(approximately)X -1666(2%.)X -3 f -1021 3050(Disk)N -1196(Based)X -1420(Tests)X -1 f -604 3182(In)N -693(these)X -880(tests,)X -1064(we)X -1180(use)X -1308(a)X -1365(bucket)X -1600(size)X -1746(of)X -1834(1024)X -2015(and)X -2152(a)X -432 3270(\256ll)N -540(factor)X -748(of)X -835(32.)X -3 f -432 3384(create)N -663(test)X -1 f -547 3498(The)N -703(keys)X -881(are)X -1011(entered)X -1279(into)X -1433(the)X -1561(hash)X -1738(table,)X -1944(and)X -2090(the)X -547 3586(\256le)N -669(is)X -742(\257ushed)X -993(to)X -1075(disk.)X -3 f -432 3700(read)N -608(test)X -1 f -547 3814(A)N -640(lookup)X -897(is)X -984(performed)X -1353(for)X -1481(each)X -1663(key)X -1813(in)X -1909(the)X -2041(hash)X -547 3902(table.)N -3 f -432 4016(verify)N -653(test)X -1 f -547 4130(A)N -640(lookup)X -897(is)X -984(performed)X -1353(for)X -1481(each)X -1663(key)X -1813(in)X -1909(the)X -2041(hash)X -547 4218(table,)N -759(and)X -911(the)X -1045(data)X -1215(returned)X -1519(is)X -1608(compared)X -1961(against)X -547 4306(that)N -687(originally)X -1018(stored)X -1234(in)X -1316(the)X -1434(hash)X -1601(table.)X -3 f -432 4420(sequential)N -798(retrieve)X -1 f -547 4534(All)N -674(keys)X -846(are)X -970(retrieved)X -1281(in)X -1367(sequential)X -1716(order)X -1910(from)X -2090(the)X -547 4622(hash)N -724(table.)X -950(The)X -2 f -1105(ndbm)X -1 f -1313(interface)X -1625(allows)X -1863(sequential)X -547 4710(retrieval)N -848(of)X -948(the)X -1079(keys)X -1259(from)X -1448(the)X -1578(database,)X -1907(but)X -2041(does)X -547 4798(not)N -701(return)X -945(the)X -1094(data)X -1279(associated)X -1660(with)X -1853(each)X -2052(key.)X -547 4886(Therefore,)N -929(we)X -1067(compare)X -1388(the)X -1530(performance)X -1980(of)X -2090(the)X -547 4974(new)N -703(package)X -989(to)X -1073(two)X -1215(different)X -1514(runs)X -1674(of)X -2 f -1763(ndbm)X -1 f -1941(.)X -2002(In)X -2090(the)X -547 5062(\256rst)N -697(case,)X -2 f -882(ndbm)X -1 f -1086(returns)X -1335(only)X -1503(the)X -1627(keys)X -1800(while)X -2003(in)X -2090(the)X -547 5150(second,)N -2 f -823(ndbm)X -1 f -1034(returns)X -1290(both)X -1465(the)X -1596(keys)X -1776(and)X -1924(the)X -2054(data)X -547 5238(\(requiring)N -894(a)X -956(second)X -1204(call)X -1345(to)X -1432(the)X -1555(library\).)X -1861(There)X -2074(is)X -2152(a)X -547 5326(single)N -764(run)X -897(for)X -1017(the)X -1141(new)X -1300(library)X -1539(since)X -1729(it)X -1798(returns)X -2046(both)X -547 5414(the)N -665(key)X -801(and)X -937(the)X -1055(data.)X -3 f -3014 538(In-Memory)N -3431(Test)X -1 f -2590 670(This)N -2757(test)X -2892(uses)X -3054(a)X -3114(bucket)X -3352(size)X -3501(of)X -3592(256)X -3736(and)X -3876(a)X -3936(\256ll)X -4048(fac-)X -2418 758(tor)N -2527(of)X -2614(8.)X -3 f -2418 872(create/read)N -2827(test)X -1 f -2533 986(In)N -2627(this)X -2769(test,)X -2927(a)X -2989(hash)X -3162(table)X -3344(is)X -3423(created)X -3682(by)X -3788(inserting)X -4094(all)X -2533 1074(the)N -2660(key/data)X -2961(pairs.)X -3186(Then)X -3380(a)X -3445(keyed)X -3666(retrieval)X -3963(is)X -4044(per-)X -2533 1162(formed)N -2801(for)X -2931(each)X -3115(pair,)X -3295(and)X -3446(the)X -3579(hash)X -3761(table)X -3952(is)X -4040(des-)X -2533 1250(troyed.)N -3 f -2938 1404(Performance)N -3405(Results)X -1 f -2590 1536(Figures)N -2866(8a)X -2978(and)X -3130(8b)X -3246(show)X -3451(the)X -3585(user)X -3755(time,)X -3952(system)X -2418 1624(time,)N -2608(and)X -2752(elapsed)X -3021(time)X -3191(for)X -3312(each)X -3487(test)X -3625(for)X -3746(both)X -3915(the)X -4040(new)X -2418 1712(implementation)N -2951(and)X -3098(the)X -3227(old)X -3360(implementation)X -3893(\()X -2 f -3920(hsearch)X -1 f -2418 1800(or)N -2 f -2528(ndbm)X -1 f -2706(,)X -2769(whichever)X -3147(is)X -3243(appropriate\))X -3678(as)X -3787(well)X -3967(as)X -4076(the)X -2418 1888(improvement.)N -2929(The)X -3098(improvement)X -3569(is)X -3666(expressed)X -4027(as)X -4138(a)X -2418 1976(percentage)N -2787(of)X -2874(the)X -2992(old)X -3114(running)X -3383(time:)X -0 f -8 s -2418 2275(%)N -2494(=)X -2570(100)X -2722(*)X -2798 -0.4219(\(old_time)AX -3178(-)X -3254 -0.4219(new_time\))AX -3634(/)X -3710(old_time)X -1 f -10 s -2590 2600(In)N -2700(nearly)X -2944(all)X -3067(cases,)X -3299(the)X -3439(new)X -3615(routines)X -3915(perform)X -2418 2688(better)N -2628(than)X -2793(the)X -2918(old)X -3047(routines)X -3332(\(both)X -2 f -3527(hsearch)X -1 f -3807(and)X -2 f -3949(ndbm)X -1 f -4127(\).)X -2418 2776(Although)N -2755(the)X -3 f -2888(create)X -1 f -3134(tests)X -3311(exhibit)X -3567(superior)X -3864(user)X -4032(time)X -2418 2864(performance,)N -2869(the)X -2991(test)X -3126(time)X -3292(is)X -3369(dominated)X -3731(by)X -3834(the)X -3955(cost)X -4107(of)X -2418 2952(writing)N -2677(the)X -2803(actual)X -3023(\256le)X -3153(to)X -3243(disk.)X -3444(For)X -3583(the)X -3709(large)X -3897(database)X -2418 3040(\(the)N -2564(dictionary\),)X -2957(this)X -3093(completely)X -3470(overwhelmed)X -3927(the)X -4045(sys-)X -2418 3128(tem)N -2570(time.)X -2783(However,)X -3129(for)X -3254(the)X -3383(small)X -3587(data)X -3752(base,)X -3946(we)X -4071(see)X -2418 3216(that)N -2569(differences)X -2958(in)X -3051(both)X -3224(user)X -3389(and)X -3536(system)X -3788(time)X -3960(contri-)X -2418 3304(bute)N -2576(to)X -2658(the)X -2776(superior)X -3059(performance)X -3486(of)X -3573(the)X -3691(new)X -3845(package.)X -2590 3418(The)N -3 f -2764(read)X -1 f -2920(,)X -3 f -2989(verify)X -1 f -3190(,)X -3259(and)X -3 f -3424(sequential)X -1 f -3818(results)X -4075(are)X -2418 3506(deceptive)N -2758(for)X -2883(the)X -3012(small)X -3216(database)X -3524(since)X -3720(the)X -3849(entire)X -4063(test)X -2418 3594(ran)N -2551(in)X -2643(under)X -2856(a)X -2922(second.)X -3215(However,)X -3560(on)X -3669(the)X -3796(larger)X -4013(data-)X -2418 3682(base)N -2590(the)X -3 f -2716(read)X -1 f -2900(and)X -3 f -3044(verify)X -1 f -3273(tests)X -3443(bene\256t)X -3689(from)X -3873(the)X -3999(cach-)X -2418 3770(ing)N -2546(of)X -2639(buckets)X -2910(in)X -2998(the)X -3122(new)X -3282(package)X -3571(to)X -3658(improve)X -3950(perfor-)X -2418 3858(mance)N -2666(by)X -2784(over)X -2965(80%.)X -3169(Since)X -3384(the)X -3519(\256rst)X -3 f -3680(sequential)X -1 f -4063(test)X -2418 3946(does)N -2598(not)X -2733(require)X -2 f -2994(ndbm)X -1 f -3205(to)X -3299(return)X -3523(the)X -3653(data)X -3819(values,)X -4076(the)X -2418 4034(user)N -2573(time)X -2735(is)X -2808(lower)X -3011(than)X -3169(for)X -3283(the)X -3401(new)X -3555(package.)X -3879(However)X -2418 4122(when)N -2613(we)X -2728(require)X -2977(both)X -3139(packages)X -3454(to)X -3536(return)X -3748(data,)X -3922(the)X -4040(new)X -2418 4210(package)N -2702(excels)X -2923(in)X -3005(all)X -3105(three)X -3286(timings.)X -2590 4324(The)N -2773(small)X -3003(database)X -3337(runs)X -3532(so)X -3660(quickly)X -3957(in)X -4076(the)X -2418 4412(memory-resident)N -3000(case)X -3173(that)X -3326(the)X -3457(results)X -3699(are)X -3831(uninterest-)X -2418 4500(ing.)N -2589(However,)X -2933(for)X -3056(the)X -3183(larger)X -3400(database)X -3706(the)X -3833(new)X -3995(pack-)X -2418 4588(age)N -2567(pays)X -2751(a)X -2824(small)X -3033(penalty)X -3305(in)X -3403(system)X -3661(time)X -3839(because)X -4130(it)X -2418 4676(limits)N -2636(its)X -2748(main)X -2944(memory)X -3247(utilization)X -3607(and)X -3759(swaps)X -3991(pages)X -2418 4764(out)N -2550(to)X -2642(temporary)X -3002(storage)X -3264(in)X -3356(the)X -3484(\256le)X -3616(system)X -3868(while)X -4076(the)X -2 f -2418 4852(hsearch)N -1 f -2698(package)X -2988(requires)X -3273(that)X -3419(the)X -3543(application)X -3924(allocate)X -2418 4940(enough)N -2692(space)X -2909(for)X -3041(all)X -3159(key/data)X -3468(pair.)X -3670(However,)X -4022(even)X -2418 5028(with)N -2600(the)X -2738(system)X -3000(time)X -3182(penalty,)X -3477(the)X -3614(resulting)X -3933(elapsed)X -2418 5116(time)N -2580(improves)X -2898(by)X -2998(over)X -3161(50%.)X -3 f -432 5960(10)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -11 p -%%Page: 11 11 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -1 f -10 f -908 454(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2 f -1379 546(hash)N -1652(ndbm)X -1950(%change)X -1 f -10 f -908 550(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -948 642(CREATE)N -10 f -908 646(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1125 738(user)N -1424(6.4)X -1671(12.2)X -2073(48)X -1157 826(sys)N -1384(32.5)X -1671(34.7)X -2113(6)X -3 f -1006 914(elapsed)N -10 f -1310 922(c)N -890(c)Y -810(c)Y -730(c)Y -3 f -1384 914(90.4)N -10 f -1581 922(c)N -890(c)Y -810(c)Y -730(c)Y -3 f -1671 914(99.6)N -10 f -1883 922(c)N -890(c)Y -810(c)Y -730(c)Y -3 f -2113 914(9)N -1 f -10 f -908 910(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -908 926(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -948 1010(READ)N -10 f -908 1014(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1125 1106(user)N -1424(3.4)X -1711(6.1)X -2073(44)X -1157 1194(sys)N -1424(1.2)X -1671(15.3)X -2073(92)X -3 f -1006 1282(elapsed)N -10 f -1310 1290(c)N -1258(c)Y -1178(c)Y -1098(c)Y -3 f -1424 1282(4.0)N -10 f -1581 1290(c)N -1258(c)Y -1178(c)Y -1098(c)Y -3 f -1671 1282(21.2)N -10 f -1883 1290(c)N -1258(c)Y -1178(c)Y -1098(c)Y -3 f -2073 1282(81)N -1 f -10 f -908 1278(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -908 1294(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -948 1378(VERIFY)N -10 f -908 1382(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1125 1474(user)N -1424(3.5)X -1711(6.3)X -2073(44)X -1157 1562(sys)N -1424(1.2)X -1671(15.3)X -2073(92)X -3 f -1006 1650(elapsed)N -10 f -1310 1658(c)N -1626(c)Y -1546(c)Y -1466(c)Y -3 f -1424 1650(4.0)N -10 f -1581 1658(c)N -1626(c)Y -1546(c)Y -1466(c)Y -3 f -1671 1650(21.2)N -10 f -1883 1658(c)N -1626(c)Y -1546(c)Y -1466(c)Y -3 f -2073 1650(81)N -1 f -10 f -908 1646(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -908 1662(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -948 1746(SEQUENTIAL)N -10 f -908 1750(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1125 1842(user)N -1424(2.7)X -1711(1.9)X -2046(-42)X -1157 1930(sys)N -1424(0.7)X -1711(3.9)X -2073(82)X -3 f -1006 2018(elapsed)N -10 f -1310 2026(c)N -1994(c)Y -1914(c)Y -1834(c)Y -3 f -1424 2018(3.0)N -10 f -1581 2026(c)N -1994(c)Y -1914(c)Y -1834(c)Y -3 f -1711 2018(5.0)N -10 f -1883 2026(c)N -1994(c)Y -1914(c)Y -1834(c)Y -3 f -2073 2018(40)N -1 f -10 f -908 2014(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -908 2030(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -948 2114(SEQUENTIAL)N -1467(\(with)X -1656(data)X -1810(retrieval\))X -10 f -908 2118(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1125 2210(user)N -1424(2.7)X -1711(8.2)X -2073(67)X -1157 2298(sys)N -1424(0.7)X -1711(4.3)X -2073(84)X -3 f -1006 2386(elapsed)N -1424(3.0)X -1671(12.0)X -2073(75)X -1 f -10 f -908 2390(i)N -927(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -899 2394(c)N -2378(c)Y -2298(c)Y -2218(c)Y -2138(c)Y -2058(c)Y -1978(c)Y -1898(c)Y -1818(c)Y -1738(c)Y -1658(c)Y -1578(c)Y -1498(c)Y -1418(c)Y -1338(c)Y -1258(c)Y -1178(c)Y -1098(c)Y -1018(c)Y -938(c)Y -858(c)Y -778(c)Y -698(c)Y -618(c)Y -538(c)Y -1310 2394(c)N -2362(c)Y -2282(c)Y -2202(c)Y -1581 2394(c)N -2362(c)Y -2282(c)Y -2202(c)Y -1883 2394(c)N -2362(c)Y -2282(c)Y -2202(c)Y -2278 2394(c)N -2378(c)Y -2298(c)Y -2218(c)Y -2138(c)Y -2058(c)Y -1978(c)Y -1898(c)Y -1818(c)Y -1738(c)Y -1658(c)Y -1578(c)Y -1498(c)Y -1418(c)Y -1338(c)Y -1258(c)Y -1178(c)Y -1098(c)Y -1018(c)Y -938(c)Y -858(c)Y -778(c)Y -698(c)Y -618(c)Y -538(c)Y -905 2574(i)N -930(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2 f -1318 2666(hash)N -1585(hsearch)X -1953(%change)X -1 f -10 f -905 2670(i)N -930(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -945 2762(CREATE/READ)N -10 f -905 2766(i)N -930(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -1064 2858(user)N -1343(6.6)X -1642(17.2)X -2096(62)X -1096 2946(sys)N -1343(1.1)X -1682(0.3)X -2029(-266)X -3 f -945 3034(elapsed)N -1343(7.8)X -1642(17.0)X -2096(54)X -1 f -10 f -905 3038(i)N -930(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -896 3050(c)N -2978(c)Y -2898(c)Y -2818(c)Y -2738(c)Y -2658(c)Y -1249 3034(c)N -3010(c)Y -2930(c)Y -2850(c)Y -1520 3034(c)N -3010(c)Y -2930(c)Y -2850(c)Y -1886 3034(c)N -3010(c)Y -2930(c)Y -2850(c)Y -2281 3050(c)N -2978(c)Y -2898(c)Y -2818(c)Y -2738(c)Y -2658(c)Y -3 f -720 3174(Figure)N -967(8a:)X -1 f -1094(Timing)X -1349(results)X -1578(for)X -1692(the)X -1810(dictionary)X -2155(database.)X -10 f -720 3262 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -1407 3504(Conclusion)N -1 f -892 3636(This)N -1063(paper)X -1271(has)X -1407(presented)X -1744(the)X -1871(design,)X -2129(implemen-)X -720 3724(tation)N -928(and)X -1070(performance)X -1503(of)X -1596(a)X -1658(new)X -1818(hashing)X -2093(package)X -2382(for)X -720 3812(UNIX.)N -993(The)X -1150(new)X -1316(package)X -1612(provides)X -1919(a)X -1986(superset)X -2280(of)X -2378(the)X -720 3900(functionality)N -1159(of)X -1255(existing)X -1537(hashing)X -1815(packages)X -2139(and)X -2284(incor-)X -720 3988(porates)N -975(additional)X -1318(features)X -1596(such)X -1766(as)X -1855(large)X -2038(key)X -2176(handling,)X -720 4076(user)N -876(de\256ned)X -1134(hash)X -1302(functions,)X -1641(multiple)X -1928(hash)X -2096(tables,)X -2324(vari-)X -720 4164(able)N -894(sized)X -1099(pages,)X -1342(and)X -1498(linear)X -1721(hashing.)X -2050(In)X -2156(nearly)X -2396(all)X -720 4252(cases,)N -954(the)X -1096(new)X -1274(package)X -1582(provides)X -1902(improved)X -2252(perfor-)X -720 4340(mance)N -974(on)X -1098(the)X -1240(order)X -1454(of)X -1565(50-80%)X -1863(for)X -2001(the)X -2142(workloads)X -720 4428(shown.)N -990(Applications)X -1420(such)X -1588(as)X -1676(the)X -1794(loader,)X -2035(compiler,)X -2360(and)X -720 4516(mail,)N -921(which)X -1156(currently)X -1485(implement)X -1866(their)X -2051(own)X -2227(hashing)X -720 4604(routines,)N -1032(should)X -1279(be)X -1389(modi\256ed)X -1706(to)X -1801(use)X -1941(the)X -2072(generic)X -2342(rou-)X -720 4692(tines.)N -892 4806(This)N -1087(hashing)X -1389(package)X -1705(is)X -1810(one)X -1978(access)X -2236(method)X -720 4894(which)N -953(is)X -1043(part)X -1205(of)X -1309(a)X -1382(generic)X -1656(database)X -1970(access)X -2212(package)X -720 4982(being)N -955(developed)X -1342(at)X -1457(the)X -1612(University)X -2007(of)X -2131(California,)X -720 5070(Berkeley.)N -1089(It)X -1177(will)X -1340(include)X -1614(a)X -1688(btree)X -1887(access)X -2131(method)X -2409(as)X -720 5158(well)N -916(as)X -1041(\256xed)X -1259(and)X -1433(variable)X -1750(length)X -2007(record)X -2270(access)X -720 5246(methods)N -1024(in)X -1119(addition)X -1414(to)X -1509(the)X -1640(hashed)X -1896(support)X -2168(presented)X -720 5334(here.)N -948(All)X -1099(of)X -1215(the)X -1361(access)X -1615(methods)X -1934(are)X -2081(based)X -2312(on)X -2440(a)X -720 5422(key/data)N -1037(pair)X -1207(interface)X -1533(and)X -1693(appear)X -1952(identical)X -2272(to)X -2378(the)X -720 5510(application)N -1121(layer,)X -1347(allowing)X -1671(application)X -2071(implementa-)X -720 5598(tions)N -906(to)X -999(be)X -1106(largely)X -1360(independent)X -1783(of)X -1881(the)X -2010(database)X -2318(type.)X -720 5686(The)N -873(package)X -1165(is)X -1246(expected)X -1560(to)X -1650(be)X -1754(an)X -1858(integral)X -2131(part)X -2284(of)X -2378(the)X -2706 538(4.4BSD)N -3006(system,)X -3293(with)X -3479(various)X -3759(standard)X -4075(applications)X -2706 626(such)N -2879(as)X -2972(more\(1\),)X -3277(sort\(1\))X -3517(and)X -3659(vi\(1\))X -3841(based)X -4050(on)X -4156(it.)X -4266(While)X -2706 714(the)N -2833(current)X -3089(design)X -3326(does)X -3501(not)X -3631(support)X -3899(multi-user)X -4256(access)X -2706 802(or)N -2804(transactions,)X -3238(they)X -3407(could)X -3616(be)X -3723(incorporated)X -4159(relatively)X -2706 890(easily.)N -10 f -2894 938(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2 f -3365 1030(hash)N -3638(ndbm)X -3936(%change)X -1 f -10 f -2894 1034(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2934 1126(CREATE)N -10 f -2894 1130(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3111 1222(user)N -3390(0.2)X -3677(0.4)X -4079(50)X -3143 1310(sys)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(1.0)X -4079(90)X -3 f -2992 1398(elapsed)N -10 f -3296 1406(c)N -1374(c)Y -1294(c)Y -1214(c)Y -3 f -3390 1398(0)N -10 f -3567 1406(c)N -1374(c)Y -1294(c)Y -1214(c)Y -3 f -3677 1398(3.2)N -10 f -3869 1406(c)N -1374(c)Y -1294(c)Y -1214(c)Y -3 f -4039 1398(100)N -1 f -10 f -2894 1394(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2894 1410(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2934 1494(READ)N -10 f -2894 1498(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3111 1590(user)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.1)X -4119(0)X -3143 1678(sys)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.4)X -4079(75)X -3 f -2992 1766(elapsed)N -10 f -3296 1774(c)N -1742(c)Y -1662(c)Y -1582(c)Y -3 f -3390 1766(0.0)N -10 f -3567 1774(c)N -1742(c)Y -1662(c)Y -1582(c)Y -3 f -3677 1766(0.0)N -10 f -3869 1774(c)N -1742(c)Y -1662(c)Y -1582(c)Y -3 f -4119 1766(0)N -1 f -10 f -2894 1762(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2894 1778(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2934 1862(VERIFY)N -10 f -2894 1866(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3111 1958(user)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.2)X -4079(50)X -3143 2046(sys)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.3)X -4079(67)X -3 f -2992 2134(elapsed)N -10 f -3296 2142(c)N -2110(c)Y -2030(c)Y -1950(c)Y -3 f -3390 2134(0.0)N -10 f -3567 2142(c)N -2110(c)Y -2030(c)Y -1950(c)Y -3 f -3677 2134(0.0)N -10 f -3869 2142(c)N -2110(c)Y -2030(c)Y -1950(c)Y -3 f -4119 2134(0)N -1 f -10 f -2894 2130(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2894 2146(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2934 2230(SEQUENTIAL)N -10 f -2894 2234(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3111 2326(user)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.0)X -4012(-100)X -3143 2414(sys)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.1)X -4119(0)X -3 f -2992 2502(elapsed)N -10 f -3296 2510(c)N -2478(c)Y -2398(c)Y -2318(c)Y -3 f -3390 2502(0.0)N -10 f -3567 2510(c)N -2478(c)Y -2398(c)Y -2318(c)Y -3 f -3677 2502(0.0)N -10 f -3869 2510(c)N -2478(c)Y -2398(c)Y -2318(c)Y -3 f -4119 2502(0)N -1 f -10 f -2894 2498(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2894 2514(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2934 2598(SEQUENTIAL)N -3453(\(with)X -3642(data)X -3796(retrieval\))X -10 f -2894 2602(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3111 2694(user)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.1)X -4119(0)X -3143 2782(sys)N -3390(0.1)X -3677(0.1)X -4119(0)X -3 f -2992 2870(elapsed)N -3390(0.0)X -3677(0.0)X -4119(0)X -1 f -10 f -2894 2874(i)N -2913(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2885 2878(c)N -2862(c)Y -2782(c)Y -2702(c)Y -2622(c)Y -2542(c)Y -2462(c)Y -2382(c)Y -2302(c)Y -2222(c)Y -2142(c)Y -2062(c)Y -1982(c)Y -1902(c)Y -1822(c)Y -1742(c)Y -1662(c)Y -1582(c)Y -1502(c)Y -1422(c)Y -1342(c)Y -1262(c)Y -1182(c)Y -1102(c)Y -1022(c)Y -3296 2878(c)N -2846(c)Y -2766(c)Y -2686(c)Y -3567 2878(c)N -2846(c)Y -2766(c)Y -2686(c)Y -3869 2878(c)N -2846(c)Y -2766(c)Y -2686(c)Y -4264 2878(c)N -2862(c)Y -2782(c)Y -2702(c)Y -2622(c)Y -2542(c)Y -2462(c)Y -2382(c)Y -2302(c)Y -2222(c)Y -2142(c)Y -2062(c)Y -1982(c)Y -1902(c)Y -1822(c)Y -1742(c)Y -1662(c)Y -1582(c)Y -1502(c)Y -1422(c)Y -1342(c)Y -1262(c)Y -1182(c)Y -1102(c)Y -1022(c)Y -2891 3058(i)N -2916(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2 f -3304 3150(hash)N -3571(hsearch)X -3939(%change)X -1 f -10 f -2891 3154(i)N -2916(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2931 3246(CREATE/READ)N -10 f -2891 3250(i)N -2916(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -3050 3342(user)N -3329(0.3)X -3648(0.4)X -4048(25)X -3082 3430(sys)N -3329(0.0)X -3648(0.0)X -4088(0)X -3 f -2931 3518(elapsed)N -3329(0.0)X -3648(0.0)X -4088(0)X -1 f -10 f -2891 3522(i)N -2916(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2882 3534(c)N -3462(c)Y -3382(c)Y -3302(c)Y -3222(c)Y -3142(c)Y -3235 3518(c)N -3494(c)Y -3414(c)Y -3334(c)Y -3506 3518(c)N -3494(c)Y -3414(c)Y -3334(c)Y -3872 3518(c)N -3494(c)Y -3414(c)Y -3334(c)Y -4267 3534(c)N -3462(c)Y -3382(c)Y -3302(c)Y -3222(c)Y -3142(c)Y -3 f -2706 3658(Figure)N -2953(8b:)X -1 f -3084(Timing)X -3339(results)X -3568(for)X -3682(the)X -3800(password)X -4123(database.)X -10 f -2706 3746 -0.0930(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)AN -3 f -3396 3988(References)N -1 f -2706 4120([ATT79])N -3058(AT&T,)X -3358(DBM\(3X\),)X -2 f -3773(Unix)X -3990(Programmer's)X -2878 4208(Manual,)N -3194(Seventh)X -3491(Edition,)X -3793(Volume)X -4085(1)X -1 f -(,)S -4192(January,)X -2878 4296(1979.)N -2706 4472([ATT85])N -3027(AT&T,)X -3296(HSEARCH\(BA_LIB\),)X -2 f -4053(Unix)X -4239(System)X -2878 4560(User's)N -3112(Manual,)X -3401(System)X -3644(V.3)X -1 f -3753(,)X -3793(pp.)X -3913(506-508,)X -4220(1985.)X -2706 4736([BRE73])N -3025(Brent,)X -3253(Richard)X -3537(P.,)X -3651(``Reducing)X -4041(the)X -4168(Retrieval)X -2878 4824(Time)N -3071(of)X -3162(Scatter)X -3409(Storage)X -3678(Techniques'',)X -2 f -4146(Commun-)X -2878 4912(ications)N -3175(of)X -3281(the)X -3422(ACM)X -1 f -3591(,)X -3654(Volume)X -3955(16,)X -4098(No.)X -4259(2,)X -4362(pp.)X -2878 5000(105-109,)N -3185(February,)X -3515(1973.)X -2706 5176([BSD86])N -3055(NDBM\(3\),)X -2 f -3469(4.3BSD)X -3775(Unix)X -3990(Programmer's)X -2878 5264(Manual)N -3155(Reference)X -3505(Guide)X -1 f -3701(,)X -3749(University)X -4114(of)X -4208(Califor-)X -2878 5352(nia,)N -3016(Berkeley,)X -3346(1986.)X -2706 5528([ENB88])N -3025(Enbody,)X -3319(R.)X -3417(J.,)X -3533(Du,)X -3676(H.)X -3779(C.,)X -3897(``Dynamic)X -4270(Hash-)X -2878 5616(ing)N -3034(Schemes'',)X -2 f -3427(ACM)X -3630(Computing)X -4019(Surveys)X -1 f -4269(,)X -4322(Vol.)X -2878 5704(20,)N -2998(No.)X -3136(2,)X -3216(pp.)X -3336(85-113,)X -3603(June)X -3770(1988.)X -3 f -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4384(11)X - -12 p -%%Page: 12 12 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 258(A)N -510(New)X -682(Hashing)X -985(Package)X -1290(for)X -1413(UNIX)X -3663(Seltzer)X -3920(&)X -4007(Yigit)X -1 f -432 538([FAG79])N -776(Ronald)X -1057(Fagin,)X -1308(Jurg)X -1495(Nievergelt,)X -1903(Nicholas)X -604 626(Pippenger,)N -1003(H.)X -1135(Raymond)X -1500(Strong,)X -1787(``Extendible)X -604 714(Hashing)N -901(--)X -985(A)X -1073(Fast)X -1236(Access)X -1493(Method)X -1771(for)X -1894(Dynamic)X -604 802(Files'',)N -2 f -855(ACM)X -1046(Transactions)X -1485(on)X -1586(Database)X -1914(Systems)X -1 f -2168(,)X -604 890(Volume)N -882(4,)X -962(No.)X -1100(3.,)X -1200(September)X -1563(1979,)X -1763(pp)X -1863(315-34)X -432 1066([KNU68],)N -802(Knuth,)X -1064(D.E.,)X -2 f -1273(The)X -1434(Art)X -1577(of)X -1680(Computer)X -2041(Pro-)X -604 1154(gramming)N -971(Vol.)X -1140(3:)X -1245(Sorting)X -1518(and)X -1676(Searching)X -1 f -2001(,)X -2058(sec-)X -604 1242(tions)N -779(6.3-6.4,)X -1046(pp)X -1146(481-550.)X -432 1418([LAR78])N -747(Larson,)X -1011(Per-Ake,)X -1319(``Dynamic)X -1687(Hashing'',)X -2 f -2048(BIT)X -1 f -(,)S -604 1506(Vol.)N -764(18,)X -884(1978,)X -1084(pp.)X -1204(184-201.)X -432 1682([LAR88])N -752(Larson,)X -1021(Per-Ake,)X -1335(``Dynamic)X -1709(Hash)X -1900(Tables'',)X -2 f -604 1770(Communications)N -1183(of)X -1281(the)X -1415(ACM)X -1 f -1584(,)X -1640(Volume)X -1934(31,)X -2070(No.)X -604 1858(4.,)N -704(April)X -893(1988,)X -1093(pp)X -1193(446-457.)X -432 2034([LIT80])N -731(Witold,)X -1013(Litwin,)X -1286(``Linear)X -1590(Hashing:)X -1939(A)X -2036(New)X -604 2122(Tool)N -786(for)X -911(File)X -1065(and)X -1211(Table)X -1424(Addressing'',)X -2 f -1893(Proceed-)X -604 2210(ings)N -761(of)X -847(the)X -969(6th)X -1095(International)X -1540(Conference)X -1933(on)X -2036(Very)X -604 2298(Large)N -815(Databases)X -1 f -1153(,)X -1193(1980.)X -432 2474([NEL90])N -743(Nelson,)X -1011(Philip)X -1222(A.,)X -2 f -1341(Gdbm)X -1558(1.4)X -1679(source)X -1913(distribu-)X -604 2562(tion)N -748(and)X -888(README)X -1 f -1209(,)X -1249(August)X -1500(1990.)X -432 2738([THOM90])N -840(Ken)X -1011(Thompson,)X -1410(private)X -1670(communication,)X -604 2826(Nov.)N -782(1990.)X -432 3002([TOR87])N -790(Torek,)X -1066(C.,)X -1222(``Re:)X -1470(dbm.a)X -1751(and)X -1950(ndbm.a)X -604 3090(archives'',)N -2 f -966(USENET)X -1279(newsgroup)X -1650(comp.unix)X -1 f -2002(1987.)X -432 3266([TOR88])N -760(Torek,)X -1006(C.,)X -1133(``Re:)X -1351(questions)X -1686(regarding)X -2027(data-)X -604 3354(bases)N -826(created)X -1106(with)X -1295(dbm)X -1484(and)X -1647(ndbm)X -1876(routines'')X -2 f -604 3442(USENET)N -937(newsgroup)X -1328(comp.unix.questions)X -1 f -1982(,)X -2041(June)X -604 3530(1988.)N -432 3706([WAL84])N -773(Wales,)X -1018(R.,)X -1135(``Discussion)X -1564(of)X -1655("dbm")X -1887(data)X -2045(base)X -604 3794(system'',)N -2 f -973(USENET)X -1339(newsgroup)X -1762(unix.wizards)X -1 f -2168(,)X -604 3882(January,)N -894(1984.)X -432 4058([YIG89])N -751(Ozan)X -963(S.)X -1069(Yigit,)X -1294(``How)X -1545(to)X -1648(Roll)X -1826(Your)X -2032(Own)X -604 4146(Dbm/Ndbm'',)N -2 f -1087(unpublished)X -1504(manuscript)X -1 f -(,)S -1910(Toronto,)X -604 4234(July,)N -777(1989)X -3 f -432 5960(12)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -13 p -%%Page: 13 13 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -720 258(Seltzer)N -977(&)X -1064(Yigit)X -3278(A)X -3356(New)X -3528(Hashing)X -3831(Package)X -4136(for)X -4259(UNIX)X -1 f -720 538(Margo)N -960(I.)X -1033(Seltzer)X -1282(is)X -1361(a)X -1423(Ph.D.)X -1631(student)X -1887(in)X -1974(the)X -2097(Department)X -720 626(of)N -823(Electrical)X -1167(Engineering)X -1595(and)X -1747(Computer)X -2102(Sciences)X -2418(at)X -720 714(the)N -850(University)X -1220(of)X -1318(California,)X -1694(Berkeley.)X -2055(Her)X -2207(research)X -720 802(interests)N -1017(include)X -1283(\256le)X -1415(systems,)X -1718(databases,)X -2076(and)X -2221(transac-)X -720 890(tion)N -896(processing)X -1291(systems.)X -1636(She)X -1807(spent)X -2027(several)X -2306(years)X -720 978(working)N -1026(at)X -1123(startup)X -1380(companies)X -1762(designing)X -2112(and)X -2267(imple-)X -720 1066(menting)N -1048(\256le)X -1216(systems)X -1535(and)X -1716(transaction)X -2133(processing)X -720 1154(software)N -1026(and)X -1170(designing)X -1509(microprocessors.)X -2103(Ms.)X -2253(Seltzer)X -720 1242(received)N -1057(her)X -1223(AB)X -1397(in)X -1522(Applied)X -1843(Mathematics)X -2320(from)X -720 1330 0.1953(Harvard/Radcliffe)AN -1325(College)X -1594(in)X -1676(1983.)X -720 1444(In)N -810(her)X -936(spare)X -1129(time,)X -1313(Margo)X -1549(can)X -1683(usually)X -1936(be)X -2034(found)X -2243(prepar-)X -720 1532(ing)N -868(massive)X -1171(quantities)X -1527(of)X -1639(food)X -1831(for)X -1970(hungry)X -2242(hoards,)X -720 1620(studying)N -1022(Japanese,)X -1355(or)X -1449(playing)X -1716(soccer)X -1948(with)X -2116(an)X -2218(exciting)X -720 1708(Bay)N -912(Area)X -1132(Women's)X -1507(Soccer)X -1788(team,)X -2026(the)X -2186(Berkeley)X -720 1796(Bruisers.)N -720 1910(Ozan)N -915(\()X -3 f -942(Oz)X -1 f -1040(\))X -1092(Yigit)X -1281(is)X -1358(currently)X -1672(a)X -1732(software)X -2033(engineer)X -2334(with)X -720 1998(the)N -886(Communications)X -1499(Research)X -1861(and)X -2044(Development)X -720 2086(group,)N -948(Computing)X -1328(Services,)X -1641(York)X -1826(University.)X -2224(His)X -2355(for-)X -720 2174(mative)N -967(years)X -1166(were)X -1352(also)X -1510(spent)X -1708(at)X -1795(York,)X -2009(where)X -2234(he)X -2338(held)X -720 2262(system)N -985(programmer)X -1425(and)X -1583(administrator)X -2052(positions)X -2382(for)X -720 2350(various)N -995(mixtures)X -1314(of)X -1420(of)X -1526(UNIX)X -1765(systems)X -2056(starting)X -2334(with)X -720 2438(Berkeley)N -1031(4.1)X -1151(in)X -1233(1982,)X -1433(while)X -1631(at)X -1709(the)X -1827(same)X -2012(time)X -2174(obtaining)X -720 2526(a)N -776(degree)X -1011(in)X -1093(Computer)X -1433(Science.)X -720 2640(In)N -813(his)X -931(copious)X -1205(free)X -1356(time,)X -1543(Oz)X -1662(enjoys)X -1896(working)X -2188(on)X -2293(what-)X -720 2728(ever)N -890(software)X -1197(looks)X -1400(interesting,)X -1788(which)X -2014(often)X -2209(includes)X -720 2816(language)N -1044(interpreters,)X -1464(preprocessors,)X -1960(and)X -2110(lately,)X -2342(pro-)X -720 2904(gram)N -905(generators)X -1260(and)X -1396(expert)X -1617(systems.)X -720 3018(Oz)N -836(has)X -964(authored)X -1266(several)X -1515(public-domain)X -2003(software)X -2301(tools,)X -720 3106(including)N -1069(an)X -1191(nroff-like)X -1545(text)X -1711(formatter)X -2 f -2056(proff)X -1 f -2257(that)X -2423(is)X -720 3194(apparently)N -1083(still)X -1226(used)X -1397(in)X -1483(some)X -1676(basement)X -2002(PCs.)X -2173(His)X -2307(latest)X -720 3282(obsessions)N -1143(include)X -1460(the)X -1639(incredible)X -2040(programming)X -720 3370(language)N -1030(Scheme,)X -1324(and)X -1460(Chinese)X -1738(Brush)X -1949(painting.)X -3 f -720 5960(USENIX)N -9 f -1042(-)X -3 f -1106(Winter)X -1371('91)X -9 f -1498(-)X -3 f -1562(Dallas,)X -1815(TX)X -4384(13)X - -14 p -%%Page: 14 14 -0(Courier)xf 0 f -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 0 f -3 f -432 5960(14)N -2970(USENIX)X -9 f -3292(-)X -3 f -3356(Winter)X -3621('91)X -9 f -3748(-)X -3 f -3812(Dallas,)X -4065(TX)X - -14 p -%%Trailer -xt - -xs diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/libtp.usenix.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/libtp.usenix.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 5b5ba6e1b8..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/libtp.usenix.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12340 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-1.0 -%%Creator: utopia:margo (& Seltzer,608-13E,8072,) -%%Title: stdin (ditroff) -%%CreationDate: Thu Dec 12 15:32:11 1991 -%%EndComments -% @(#)psdit.pro 1.3 4/15/88 -% lib/psdit.pro -- prolog for psdit (ditroff) files -% Copyright (c) 1984, 1985 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. -% last edit: shore Sat Nov 23 20:28:03 1985 -% RCSID: $Header$ - -% Changed by Edward Wang (edward@ucbarpa.berkeley.edu) to handle graphics, -% 17 Feb, 87. - -/$DITroff 140 dict def $DITroff begin -/fontnum 1 def /fontsize 10 def /fontheight 10 def /fontslant 0 def -/xi{0 72 11 mul translate 72 resolution div dup neg scale 0 0 moveto - /fontnum 1 def /fontsize 10 def /fontheight 10 def /fontslant 0 def F - /pagesave save def}def -/PB{save /psv exch def currentpoint translate - resolution 72 div dup neg scale 0 0 moveto}def -/PE{psv restore}def -/arctoobig 90 def /arctoosmall .05 def -/m1 matrix def /m2 matrix def /m3 matrix def /oldmat matrix def -/tan{dup sin exch cos div}def -/point{resolution 72 div mul}def -/dround {transform round exch round exch itransform}def -/xT{/devname exch def}def -/xr{/mh exch def /my exch def /resolution exch def}def -/xp{}def -/xs{docsave restore end}def -/xt{}def -/xf{/fontname exch def /slotno exch def fontnames slotno get fontname eq not - {fonts slotno fontname findfont put fontnames slotno fontname put}if}def -/xH{/fontheight exch def F}def -/xS{/fontslant exch def F}def -/s{/fontsize exch def /fontheight fontsize def F}def -/f{/fontnum exch def F}def -/F{fontheight 0 le{/fontheight fontsize def}if - fonts fontnum get fontsize point 0 0 fontheight point neg 0 0 m1 astore - fontslant 0 ne{1 0 fontslant tan 1 0 0 m2 astore m3 concatmatrix}if - makefont setfont .04 fontsize point mul 0 dround pop setlinewidth}def -/X{exch currentpoint exch pop moveto show}def -/N{3 1 roll moveto show}def -/Y{exch currentpoint pop exch moveto show}def -/S{show}def -/ditpush{}def/ditpop{}def -/AX{3 -1 roll currentpoint exch pop moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AN{4 2 roll moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AY{3 -1 roll currentpoint pop exch moveto 0 exch ashow}def -/AS{0 exch ashow}def -/MX{currentpoint exch pop moveto}def -/MY{currentpoint pop exch moveto}def -/MXY{moveto}def -/cb{pop}def % action on unknown char -- nothing for now -/n{}def/w{}def -/p{pop showpage pagesave restore /pagesave save def}def -/Dt{/Dlinewidth exch def}def 1 Dt -/Ds{/Ddash exch def}def -1 Ds -/Di{/Dstipple exch def}def 1 Di -/Dsetlinewidth{2 Dlinewidth mul setlinewidth}def -/Dsetdash{Ddash 4 eq{[8 12]}{Ddash 16 eq{[32 36]} - {Ddash 20 eq{[32 12 8 12]}{[]}ifelse}ifelse}ifelse 0 setdash}def -/Dstroke{gsave Dsetlinewidth Dsetdash 1 setlinecap stroke grestore - currentpoint newpath moveto}def -/Dl{rlineto Dstroke}def -/arcellipse{/diamv exch def /diamh exch def oldmat currentmatrix pop - currentpoint translate 1 diamv diamh div scale /rad diamh 2 div def - currentpoint exch rad add exch rad -180 180 arc oldmat setmatrix}def -/Dc{dup arcellipse Dstroke}def -/De{arcellipse Dstroke}def -/Da{/endv exch def /endh exch def /centerv exch def /centerh exch def - /cradius centerv centerv mul centerh centerh mul add sqrt def - /eradius endv endv mul endh endh mul add sqrt def - /endang endv endh atan def - /startang centerv neg centerh neg atan def - /sweep startang endang sub dup 0 lt{360 add}if def - sweep arctoobig gt - {/midang startang sweep 2 div sub def /midrad cradius eradius add 2 div def - /midh midang cos midrad mul def /midv midang sin midrad mul def - midh neg midv neg endh endv centerh centerv midh midv Da - Da} - {sweep arctoosmall ge - {/controldelt 1 sweep 2 div cos sub 3 sweep 2 div sin mul div 4 mul def - centerv neg controldelt mul centerh controldelt mul - endv neg controldelt mul centerh add endh add - endh controldelt mul centerv add endv add - centerh endh add centerv endv add rcurveto Dstroke} - {centerh endh add centerv endv add rlineto Dstroke} - ifelse} - ifelse}def -/Dpatterns[ -[%cf[widthbits] -[8<0000000000000010>] -[8<0411040040114000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<0000103810000000>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<0000800100001008>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<0f0e0c0800000000>] -[8<0000000000000010>] -[8<0411040040114000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<0000001038100000>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<0000800100001008>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<0f0e0c0800000000>] -[8<0042660000246600>] -[8<0000990000990000>] -[8<0804020180402010>] -[8<2418814242811824>] -[8<6699996666999966>] -[8<8000000008000000>] -[8<00001c3e363e1c00>] -[8<0000000000000000>] -[32<00000040000000c00000004000000040000000e0000000000000000000000000>] -[32<00000000000060000000900000002000000040000000f0000000000000000000>] -[32<000000000000000000e0000000100000006000000010000000e0000000000000>] -[32<00000000000000002000000060000000a0000000f00000002000000000000000>] -[32<0000000e0000000000000000000000000000000f000000080000000e00000001>] -[32<0000090000000600000000000000000000000000000007000000080000000e00>] -[32<00010000000200000004000000040000000000000000000000000000000f0000>] -[32<0900000006000000090000000600000000000000000000000000000006000000>]] -[%ug -[8<0000020000000000>] -[8<0000020000002000>] -[8<0004020000002000>] -[8<0004020000402000>] -[8<0004060000402000>] -[8<0004060000406000>] -[8<0006060000406000>] -[8<0006060000606000>] -[8<00060e0000606000>] -[8<00060e000060e000>] -[8<00070e000060e000>] -[8<00070e000070e000>] -[8<00070e020070e000>] -[8<00070e020070e020>] -[8<04070e020070e020>] -[8<04070e024070e020>] -[8<04070e064070e020>] -[8<04070e064070e060>] -[8<06070e064070e060>] -[8<06070e066070e060>] -[8<06070f066070e060>] -[8<06070f066070f060>] -[8<060f0f066070f060>] -[8<060f0f0660f0f060>] -[8<060f0f0760f0f060>] -[8<060f0f0760f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0760f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f07e0f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0fe0f0f070>] -[8<0e0f0f0fe0f0f0f0>] -[8<0f0f0f0fe0f0f0f0>] -[8<0f0f0f0ff0f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f0ff0f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f0ff1f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f8ff1f0f0f0>] -[8<1f0f0f8ff1f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f8ff1f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f8ff9f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f9ff9f0f0f8>] -[8<9f0f0f9ff9f0f0f9>] -[8<9f8f0f9ff9f0f0f9>] -[8<9f8f0f9ff9f8f0f9>] -[8<9f8f1f9ff9f8f0f9>] -[8<9f8f1f9ff9f8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1f9ff9f8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1f9ffbf8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1fdffbf8f1f9>] -[8<bf8f1fdffbf8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1fdffbf8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1fdffff8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1ffffff8f1fd>] -[8<ff8f1ffffff8f1ff>] -[8<ff9f1ffffff8f1ff>] -[8<ff9f1ffffff9f1ff>] -[8<ff9f9ffffff9f1ff>] -[8<ff9f9ffffff9f9ff>] -[8<ffbf9ffffff9f9ff>] -[8<ffbf9ffffffbf9ff>] -[8<ffbfdffffffbf9ff>] -[8<ffbfdffffffbfdff>] -[8<ffffdffffffbfdff>] -[8<ffffdffffffffdff>] -[8<fffffffffffffdff>] -[8<ffffffffffffffff>]] -[%mg -[8<8000000000000000>] -[8<0822080080228000>] -[8<0204081020408001>] -[8<40e0400000000000>] -[8<66999966>] -[8<8001000010080000>] -[8<81c36666c3810000>] -[8<f0e0c08000000000>] -[16<07c00f801f003e007c00f800f001e003c007800f001f003e007c00f801f003e0>] -[16<1f000f8007c003e001f000f8007c003e001f800fc007e003f001f8007c003e00>] -[8<c3c300000000c3c3>] -[16<0040008001000200040008001000200040008000000100020004000800100020>] -[16<0040002000100008000400020001800040002000100008000400020001000080>] -[16<1fc03fe07df0f8f8f07de03fc01f800fc01fe03ff07df8f87df03fe01fc00f80>] -[8<80>] -[8<8040201000000000>] -[8<84cc000048cc0000>] -[8<9900009900000000>] -[8<08040201804020100800020180002010>] -[8<2418814242811824>] -[8<66999966>] -[8<8000000008000000>] -[8<70f8d8f870000000>] -[8<0814224180402010>] -[8<aa00440a11a04400>] -[8<018245aa45820100>] -[8<221c224180808041>] -[8<88000000>] -[8<0855800080550800>] -[8<2844004482440044>] -[8<0810204080412214>] -[8<00>]]]def -/Dfill{ - transform /maxy exch def /maxx exch def - transform /miny exch def /minx exch def - minx maxx gt{/minx maxx /maxx minx def def}if - miny maxy gt{/miny maxy /maxy miny def def}if - Dpatterns Dstipple 1 sub get exch 1 sub get - aload pop /stip exch def /stipw exch def /stiph 128 def - /imatrix[stipw 0 0 stiph 0 0]def - /tmatrix[stipw 0 0 stiph 0 0]def - /minx minx cvi stiph idiv stiph mul def - /miny miny cvi stipw idiv stipw mul def - gsave eoclip 0 setgray - miny stiph maxy{ - tmatrix exch 5 exch put - minx stipw maxx{ - tmatrix exch 4 exch put tmatrix setmatrix - stipw stiph true imatrix {stip} imagemask - }for - }for - grestore -}def -/Dp{Dfill Dstroke}def -/DP{Dfill currentpoint newpath moveto}def -end - -/ditstart{$DITroff begin - /nfonts 60 def % NFONTS makedev/ditroff dependent! - /fonts[nfonts{0}repeat]def - /fontnames[nfonts{()}repeat]def -/docsave save def -}def - -% character outcalls -/oc{ - /pswid exch def /cc exch def /name exch def - /ditwid pswid fontsize mul resolution mul 72000 div def - /ditsiz fontsize resolution mul 72 div def - ocprocs name known{ocprocs name get exec}{name cb}ifelse -}def -/fractm [.65 0 0 .6 0 0] def -/fraction{ - /fden exch def /fnum exch def gsave /cf currentfont def - cf fractm makefont setfont 0 .3 dm 2 copy neg rmoveto - fnum show rmoveto currentfont cf setfont(\244)show setfont fden show - grestore ditwid 0 rmoveto -}def -/oce{grestore ditwid 0 rmoveto}def -/dm{ditsiz mul}def -/ocprocs 50 dict def ocprocs begin -(14){(1)(4)fraction}def -(12){(1)(2)fraction}def -(34){(3)(4)fraction}def -(13){(1)(3)fraction}def -(23){(2)(3)fraction}def -(18){(1)(8)fraction}def -(38){(3)(8)fraction}def -(58){(5)(8)fraction}def -(78){(7)(8)fraction}def -(sr){gsave 0 .06 dm rmoveto(\326)show oce}def -(is){gsave 0 .15 dm rmoveto(\362)show oce}def -(->){gsave 0 .02 dm rmoveto(\256)show oce}def -(<-){gsave 0 .02 dm rmoveto(\254)show oce}def -(==){gsave 0 .05 dm rmoveto(\272)show oce}def -(uc){gsave currentpoint 400 .009 dm mul add translate - 8 -8 scale ucseal oce}def -end - -% an attempt at a PostScript FONT to implement ditroff special chars -% this will enable us to -% cache the little buggers -% generate faster, more compact PS out of psdit -% confuse everyone (including myself)! -50 dict dup begin -/FontType 3 def -/FontName /DIThacks def -/FontMatrix [.001 0 0 .001 0 0] def -/FontBBox [-260 -260 900 900] def% a lie but ... -/Encoding 256 array def -0 1 255{Encoding exch /.notdef put}for -Encoding - dup 8#040/space put %space - dup 8#110/rc put %right ceil - dup 8#111/lt put %left top curl - dup 8#112/bv put %bold vert - dup 8#113/lk put %left mid curl - dup 8#114/lb put %left bot curl - dup 8#115/rt put %right top curl - dup 8#116/rk put %right mid curl - dup 8#117/rb put %right bot curl - dup 8#120/rf put %right floor - dup 8#121/lf put %left floor - dup 8#122/lc put %left ceil - dup 8#140/sq put %square - dup 8#141/bx put %box - dup 8#142/ci put %circle - dup 8#143/br put %box rule - dup 8#144/rn put %root extender - dup 8#145/vr put %vertical rule - dup 8#146/ob put %outline bullet - dup 8#147/bu put %bullet - dup 8#150/ru put %rule - dup 8#151/ul put %underline - pop -/DITfd 100 dict def -/BuildChar{0 begin - /cc exch def /fd exch def - /charname fd /Encoding get cc get def - /charwid fd /Metrics get charname get def - /charproc fd /CharProcs get charname get def - charwid 0 fd /FontBBox get aload pop setcachedevice - 2 setlinejoin 40 setlinewidth - newpath 0 0 moveto gsave charproc grestore - end}def -/BuildChar load 0 DITfd put -/CharProcs 50 dict def -CharProcs begin -/space{}def -/.notdef{}def -/ru{500 0 rls}def -/rn{0 840 moveto 500 0 rls}def -/vr{0 800 moveto 0 -770 rls}def -/bv{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rls}def -/br{0 840 moveto 0 -1000 rls}def -/ul{0 -140 moveto 500 0 rls}def -/ob{200 250 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 200 0 360 arc closepath stroke}def -/bu{200 250 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 200 0 360 arc closepath fill}def -/sq{80 0 rmoveto currentpoint dround newpath moveto - 640 0 rlineto 0 640 rlineto -640 0 rlineto closepath stroke}def -/bx{80 0 rmoveto currentpoint dround newpath moveto - 640 0 rlineto 0 640 rlineto -640 0 rlineto closepath fill}def -/ci{500 360 rmoveto currentpoint newpath 333 0 360 arc - 50 setlinewidth stroke}def - -/lt{0 -200 moveto 0 550 rlineto currx 800 2cx s4 add exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/lb{0 800 moveto 0 -550 rlineto currx -200 2cx s4 add exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/rt{0 -200 moveto 0 550 rlineto currx 800 2cx s4 sub exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/rb{0 800 moveto 0 -500 rlineto currx -200 2cx s4 sub exch s4 a4p stroke}def -/lk{0 800 moveto 0 300 -300 300 s4 arcto pop pop 1000 sub - 0 300 4 2 roll s4 a4p 0 -200 lineto stroke}def -/rk{0 800 moveto 0 300 s2 300 s4 arcto pop pop 1000 sub - 0 300 4 2 roll s4 a4p 0 -200 lineto stroke}def -/lf{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rlineto s4 0 rls}def -/rf{0 800 moveto 0 -1000 rlineto s4 neg 0 rls}def -/lc{0 -200 moveto 0 1000 rlineto s4 0 rls}def -/rc{0 -200 moveto 0 1000 rlineto s4 neg 0 rls}def -end - -/Metrics 50 dict def Metrics begin -/.notdef 0 def -/space 500 def -/ru 500 def -/br 0 def -/lt 416 def -/lb 416 def -/rt 416 def -/rb 416 def -/lk 416 def -/rk 416 def -/rc 416 def -/lc 416 def -/rf 416 def -/lf 416 def -/bv 416 def -/ob 350 def -/bu 350 def -/ci 750 def -/bx 750 def -/sq 750 def -/rn 500 def -/ul 500 def -/vr 0 def -end - -DITfd begin -/s2 500 def /s4 250 def /s3 333 def -/a4p{arcto pop pop pop pop}def -/2cx{2 copy exch}def -/rls{rlineto stroke}def -/currx{currentpoint pop}def -/dround{transform round exch round exch itransform} def -end -end -/DIThacks exch definefont pop -ditstart -(psc)xT -576 1 1 xr -1(Times-Roman)xf 1 f -2(Times-Italic)xf 2 f -3(Times-Bold)xf 3 f -4(Times-BoldItalic)xf 4 f -5(Helvetica)xf 5 f -6(Helvetica-Bold)xf 6 f -7(Courier)xf 7 f -8(Courier-Bold)xf 8 f -9(Symbol)xf 9 f -10(DIThacks)xf 10 f -10 s -1 f -xi -%%EndProlog - -%%Page: 1 1 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -14 s -1205 1206(LIBTP:)N -1633(Portable,)X -2100(M)X -2206(odular)X -2551(Transactions)X -3202(for)X -3374(UNIX)X -1 f -11 s -3661 1162(1)N -2 f -12 s -2182 1398(Margo)N -2467(Seltzer)X -2171 1494(Michael)N -2511(Olson)X -1800 1590(University)N -2225(of)X -2324(California,)X -2773(Berkeley)X -3 f -2277 1878(Abstract)N -1 f -10 s -755 2001(Transactions)N -1198(provide)X -1475(a)X -1543(useful)X -1771(programming)X -2239(paradigm)X -2574(for)X -2700(maintaining)X -3114(logical)X -3364(consistency,)X -3790(arbitrating)X -4156(con-)X -555 2091(current)N -808(access,)X -1059(and)X -1200(managing)X -1540(recovery.)X -1886(In)X -1977(traditional)X -2330(UNIX)X -2555(systems,)X -2852(the)X -2974(only)X -3140(easy)X -3307(way)X -3465(of)X -3556(using)X -3753(transactions)X -4160(is)X -4237(to)X -555 2181(purchase)N -876(a)X -947(database)X -1258(system.)X -1554(Such)X -1748(systems)X -2035(are)X -2168(often)X -2367(slow,)X -2572(costly,)X -2817(and)X -2967(may)X -3139(not)X -3275(provide)X -3554(the)X -3686(exact)X -3890(functionality)X -555 2271(desired.)N -848(This)X -1011(paper)X -1210(presents)X -1493(the)X -1611(design,)X -1860(implementation,)X -2402(and)X -2538(performance)X -2965(of)X -3052(LIBTP,)X -3314(a)X -3370(simple,)X -3623(non-proprietary)X -4147(tran-)X -555 2361(saction)N -809(library)X -1050(using)X -1249(the)X -1373(4.4BSD)X -1654(database)X -1957(access)X -2189(routines)X -2473(\()X -3 f -2500(db)X -1 f -2588(\(3\)\).)X -2775(On)X -2899(a)X -2961(conventional)X -3401(transaction)X -3779(processing)X -4148(style)X -555 2451(benchmark,)N -959(its)X -1061(performance)X -1495(is)X -1575(approximately)X -2065(85%)X -2239(that)X -2386(of)X -2480(the)X -2604(database)X -2907(access)X -3139(routines)X -3423(without)X -3693(transaction)X -4071(protec-)X -555 2541(tion,)N -725(200%)X -938(that)X -1084(of)X -1177(using)X -3 f -1376(fsync)X -1 f -1554(\(2\))X -1674(to)X -1761(commit)X -2030(modi\256cations)X -2490(to)X -2577(disk,)X -2755(and)X -2896(125%)X -3108(that)X -3253(of)X -3345(a)X -3406(commercial)X -3810(relational)X -4138(data-)X -555 2631(base)N -718(system.)X -3 f -555 2817(1.)N -655(Introduction)X -1 f -755 2940(Transactions)N -1186(are)X -1306(used)X -1474(in)X -1557(database)X -1855(systems)X -2129(to)X -2212(enable)X -2443(concurrent)X -2807(users)X -2992(to)X -3074(apply)X -3272(multi-operation)X -3790(updates)X -4055(without)X -555 3030(violating)N -863(the)X -985(integrity)X -1280(of)X -1371(the)X -1493(database.)X -1814(They)X -2003(provide)X -2271(the)X -2392(properties)X -2736(of)X -2826(atomicity,)X -3171(consistency,)X -3588(isolation,)X -3906(and)X -4045(durabil-)X -555 3120(ity.)N -701(By)X -816(atomicity,)X -1160(we)X -1276(mean)X -1472(that)X -1614(the)X -1734(set)X -1845(of)X -1934(updates)X -2200(comprising)X -2581(a)X -2638(transaction)X -3011(must)X -3187(be)X -3284(applied)X -3541(as)X -3629(a)X -3686(single)X -3898(unit;)X -4085(that)X -4226(is,)X -555 3210(they)N -714(must)X -890(either)X -1094(all)X -1195(be)X -1292(applied)X -1549(to)X -1632(the)X -1751(database)X -2049(or)X -2137(all)X -2238(be)X -2335(absent.)X -2601(Consistency)X -3013(requires)X -3293(that)X -3434(a)X -3491(transaction)X -3864(take)X -4019(the)X -4138(data-)X -555 3300(base)N -725(from)X -908(one)X -1051(logically)X -1358(consistent)X -1704(state)X -1877(to)X -1965(another.)X -2272(The)X -2423(property)X -2721(of)X -2814(isolation)X -3115(requires)X -3400(that)X -3546(concurrent)X -3916(transactions)X -555 3390(yield)N -750(results)X -994(which)X -1225(are)X -1358(indistinguishable)X -1938(from)X -2128(the)X -2260(results)X -2503(which)X -2733(would)X -2967(be)X -3077(obtained)X -3387(by)X -3501(running)X -3784(the)X -3916(transactions)X -555 3480(sequentially.)N -1002(Finally,)X -1268(durability)X -1599(requires)X -1878(that)X -2018(once)X -2190(transactions)X -2593(have)X -2765(been)X -2937(committed,)X -3319(their)X -3486(results)X -3715(must)X -3890(be)X -3986(preserved)X -555 3570(across)N -776(system)X -1018(failures)X -1279([TPCB90].)X -755 3693(Although)N -1080(these)X -1268(properties)X -1612(are)X -1734(most)X -1912(frequently)X -2265(discussed)X -2595(in)X -2680(the)X -2801(context)X -3060(of)X -3150(databases,)X -3501(they)X -3661(are)X -3782(useful)X -4000(program-)X -555 3783(ming)N -750(paradigms)X -1114(for)X -1238(more)X -1433(general)X -1700(purpose)X -1984(applications.)X -2441(There)X -2659(are)X -2788(several)X -3046(different)X -3353(situations)X -3689(where)X -3916(transactions)X -555 3873(can)N -687(be)X -783(used)X -950(to)X -1032(replace)X -1285(current)X -1533(ad-hoc)X -1772(mechanisms.)X -755 3996(One)N -910(situation)X -1206(is)X -1280(when)X -1475(multiple)X -1762(\256les)X -1916(or)X -2004(parts)X -2181(of)X -2269(\256les)X -2422(need)X -2594(to)X -2676(be)X -2772(updated)X -3046(in)X -3128(an)X -3224(atomic)X -3462(fashion.)X -3758(For)X -3889(example,)X -4201(the)X -555 4086(traditional)N -907(UNIX)X -1131(\256le)X -1256(system)X -1501(uses)X -1661(ordering)X -1955(constraints)X -2324(to)X -2408(achieve)X -2676(recoverability)X -3144(in)X -3228(the)X -3348(face)X -3505(of)X -3594(crashes.)X -3893(When)X -4107(a)X -4165(new)X -555 4176(\256le)N -678(is)X -752(created,)X -1026(its)X -1122(inode)X -1321(is)X -1395(written)X -1642(to)X -1724(disk)X -1877(before)X -2103(the)X -2221(new)X -2375(\256le)X -2497(is)X -2570(added)X -2782(to)X -2864(the)X -2982(directory)X -3292(structure.)X -3633(This)X -3795(guarantees)X -4159(that,)X -555 4266(if)N -627(the)X -748(system)X -993(crashes)X -1253(between)X -1544(the)X -1665(two)X -1808(I/O's,)X -2016(the)X -2137(directory)X -2450(does)X -2620(not)X -2744(contain)X -3002(a)X -3060 0.4531(reference)AX -3383(to)X -3467(an)X -3565(invalid)X -3809(inode.)X -4049(In)X -4138(actu-)X -555 4356(ality,)N -741(the)X -863(desired)X -1119(effect)X -1326(is)X -1402(that)X -1545(these)X -1733(two)X -1876(updates)X -2144(have)X -2319(the)X -2440(transactional)X -2873(property)X -3168(of)X -3258(atomicity)X -3583(\(either)X -3816(both)X -3981(writes)X -4200(are)X -555 4446(visible)N -790(or)X -879(neither)X -1124(is\).)X -1266(Rather)X -1501(than)X -1660(building)X -1947(special)X -2191(purpose)X -2466(recovery)X -2769(mechanisms)X -3186(into)X -3331(the)X -3450(\256le)X -3573(system)X -3816(or)X -3904(related)X -4144(tools)X -555 4536(\()N -2 f -582(e.g.)X -3 f -726(fsck)X -1 f -864(\(8\)\),)X -1033(one)X -1177(could)X -1383(use)X -1518(general)X -1783(purpose)X -2064(transaction)X -2443(recovery)X -2752(protocols)X -3077(after)X -3252(system)X -3501(failure.)X -3778(Any)X -3943(application)X -555 4626(that)N -705(needs)X -918(to)X -1010(keep)X -1192(multiple,)X -1508(related)X -1757(\256les)X -1920(\(or)X -2044(directories\))X -2440(consistent)X -2790(should)X -3032(do)X -3141(so)X -3241(using)X -3443(transactions.)X -3895(Source)X -4147(code)X -555 4716(control)N -805(systems,)X -1101(such)X -1271(as)X -1361(RCS)X -1534(and)X -1673(SCCS,)X -1910(should)X -2146(use)X -2276(transaction)X -2651(semantics)X -2990(to)X -3075(allow)X -3276(the)X -3397(``checking)X -3764(in'')X -3903(of)X -3992(groups)X -4232(of)X -555 4806(related)N -801(\256les.)X -1001(In)X -1095(this)X -1237(way,)X -1418(if)X -1493(the)X -1617 0.2841(``check-in'')AX -2028(fails,)X -2212(the)X -2336(transaction)X -2714(may)X -2878(be)X -2980(aborted,)X -3267(backing)X -3547(out)X -3675(the)X -3799(partial)X -4030(``check-)X -555 4896(in'')N -691(leaving)X -947(the)X -1065(source)X -1295(repository)X -1640(in)X -1722(a)X -1778(consistent)X -2118(state.)X -755 5019(A)N -842(second)X -1094(situation)X -1398(where)X -1624(transactions)X -2036(can)X -2177(be)X -2282(used)X -2458(to)X -2549(replace)X -2811(current)X -3068(ad-hoc)X -3316(mechanisms)X -3741(is)X -3822(in)X -3912(applications)X -555 5109(where)N -776(concurrent)X -1144(updates)X -1413(to)X -1499(a)X -1559(shared)X -1793(\256le)X -1919(are)X -2042(desired,)X -2318(but)X -2444(there)X -2629(is)X -2706(logical)X -2948(consistency)X -3345(of)X -3435(the)X -3556(data)X -3713(which)X -3932(needs)X -4138(to)X -4223(be)X -555 5199(preserved.)N -928(For)X -1059(example,)X -1371(when)X -1565(the)X -1683(password)X -2006(\256le)X -2128(is)X -2201(updated,)X -2495(\256le)X -2617(locking)X -2877(is)X -2950(used)X -3117(to)X -3199(disallow)X -3490(concurrent)X -3854(access.)X -4120(Tran-)X -555 5289(saction)N -804(semantics)X -1142(on)X -1244(the)X -1364(password)X -1689(\256les)X -1844(would)X -2066(allow)X -2266(concurrent)X -2632(updates,)X -2919(while)X -3119(preserving)X -3479(the)X -3598(logical)X -3837(consistency)X -4232(of)X -555 5379(the)N -681(password)X -1012(database.)X -1357(Similarly,)X -1702(UNIX)X -1930(utilities)X -2196(which)X -2419(rewrite)X -2674(\256les)X -2834(face)X -2996(a)X -3059(potential)X -3366(race)X -3528(condition)X -3857(between)X -4152(their)X -555 5469(rewriting)N -871(a)X -929(\256le)X -1053(and)X -1191(another)X -1453(process)X -1715(reading)X -1977(the)X -2096(\256le.)X -2259(For)X -2391(example,)X -2704(the)X -2823(compiler)X -3129(\(more)X -3342(precisely,)X -3673(the)X -3792(assembler\))X -4161(may)X -8 s -10 f -555 5541(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)N -5 s -1 f -727 5619(1)N -8 s -763 5644(To)N -850(appear)X -1035(in)X -1101(the)X -2 f -1195(Proceedings)X -1530(of)X -1596(the)X -1690(1992)X -1834(Winter)X -2024(Usenix)X -1 f -2201(,)X -2233(San)X -2345(Francisco,)X -2625(CA,)X -2746(January)X -2960(1992.)X - -2 p -%%Page: 2 2 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -1 f -555 630(have)N -737(to)X -829(rewrite)X -1087(a)X -1152(\256le)X -1283(to)X -1374(which)X -1599(it)X -1672(has)X -1808(write)X -2002(permission)X -2382(in)X -2473(a)X -2538(directory)X -2857(to)X -2948(which)X -3173(it)X -3246(does)X -3422(not)X -3553(have)X -3734(write)X -3928(permission.)X -555 720(While)N -779(the)X -904(``.o'')X -1099(\256le)X -1228(is)X -1308(being)X -1513(written,)X -1787(another)X -2055(utility)X -2272(such)X -2446(as)X -3 f -2540(nm)X -1 f -2651(\(1\))X -2772(or)X -3 f -2866(ar)X -1 f -2942(\(1\))X -3063(may)X -3228(read)X -3394(the)X -3519(\256le)X -3648(and)X -3791(produce)X -4077(invalid)X -555 810(results)N -790(since)X -981(the)X -1105(\256le)X -1233(has)X -1366(not)X -1494(been)X -1672(completely)X -2054(written.)X -2347(Currently,)X -2700(some)X -2895(utilities)X -3160(use)X -3293(special)X -3542(purpose)X -3821(code)X -3998(to)X -4085(handle)X -555 900(such)N -722(cases)X -912(while)X -1110(others)X -1326(ignore)X -1551(the)X -1669(problem)X -1956(and)X -2092(force)X -2278(users)X -2463(to)X -2545(live)X -2685(with)X -2847(the)X -2965(consequences.)X -755 1023(In)N -845(this)X -983(paper,)X -1205(we)X -1322(present)X -1577(a)X -1635(simple)X -1870(library)X -2106(which)X -2324(provides)X -2622(transaction)X -2996(semantics)X -3334(\(atomicity,)X -3705(consistency,)X -4121(isola-)X -555 1113(tion,)N -720(and)X -857(durability\).)X -1236(The)X -1382(4.4BSD)X -1658(database)X -1956(access)X -2182(methods)X -2473(have)X -2645(been)X -2817(modi\256ed)X -3121(to)X -3203(use)X -3330(this)X -3465(library,)X -3719(optionally)X -4063(provid-)X -555 1203(ing)N -682(shared)X -917(buffer)X -1139(management)X -1574(between)X -1867(applications,)X -2298(locking,)X -2582(and)X -2722(transaction)X -3098(semantics.)X -3478(Any)X -3640(UNIX)X -3865(program)X -4161(may)X -555 1293(transaction)N -930(protect)X -1176(its)X -1274(data)X -1430(by)X -1532(requesting)X -1888(transaction)X -2262(protection)X -2609(with)X -2773(the)X -3 f -2893(db)X -1 f -2981(\(3\))X -3097(library)X -3333(or)X -3422(by)X -3524(adding)X -3764(appropriate)X -4152(calls)X -555 1383(to)N -646(the)X -773(transaction)X -1154(manager,)X -1480(buffer)X -1706(manager,)X -2032(lock)X -2199(manager,)X -2525(and)X -2670(log)X -2801(manager.)X -3147(The)X -3301(library)X -3543(routines)X -3829(may)X -3995(be)X -4099(linked)X -555 1473(into)N -708(the)X -834(host)X -995(application)X -1379(and)X -1523(called)X -1743(by)X -1851(subroutine)X -2217(interface,)X -2547(or)X -2642(they)X -2808(may)X -2974(reside)X -3194(in)X -3284(a)X -3348(separate)X -3640(server)X -3865(process.)X -4174(The)X -555 1563(server)N -772(architecture)X -1172(provides)X -1468(for)X -1582(network)X -1865(access)X -2091(and)X -2227(better)X -2430(protection)X -2775(mechanisms.)X -3 f -555 1749(2.)N -655(Related)X -938(Work)X -1 f -755 1872(There)N -1000(has)X -1164(been)X -1373(much)X -1608(discussion)X -1998(in)X -2117(recent)X -2371(years)X -2597(about)X -2831(new)X -3021(transaction)X -3429(models)X -3716(and)X -3888(architectures)X -555 1962 0.1172([SPEC88][NODI90][CHEN91][MOHA91].)AN -2009(Much)X -2220(of)X -2310(this)X -2448(work)X -2636(focuses)X -2900(on)X -3003(new)X -3160(ways)X -3348(to)X -3433(model)X -3656(transactions)X -4062(and)X -4201(the)X -555 2052(interactions)N -953(between)X -1245(them,)X -1449(while)X -1651(the)X -1772(work)X -1960(presented)X -2291(here)X -2453(focuses)X -2717(on)X -2820(the)X -2941(implementation)X -3466(and)X -3605(performance)X -4035(of)X -4125(tradi-)X -555 2142(tional)N -757(transaction)X -1129(techniques)X -1492(\(write-ahead)X -1919(logging)X -2183(and)X -2319(two-phase)X -2669(locking\))X -2956(on)X -3056(a)X -3112(standard)X -3404(operating)X -3727(system)X -3969(\(UNIX\).)X -755 2265(Such)N -947(traditional)X -1308(operating)X -1643(systems)X -1928(are)X -2059(often)X -2256(criticized)X -2587(for)X -2713(their)X -2892(inability)X -3190(to)X -3283(perform)X -3573(transaction)X -3956(processing)X -555 2355(adequately.)N -971([STON81])X -1342(cites)X -1517(three)X -1706(main)X -1894(areas)X -2088(of)X -2183(inadequate)X -2559(support:)X -2849(buffer)X -3074(management,)X -3532(the)X -3658(\256le)X -3788(system,)X -4058(and)X -4201(the)X -555 2445(process)N -823(structure.)X -1191(These)X -1410(arguments)X -1771(are)X -1897(summarized)X -2316(in)X -2405(table)X -2587(one.)X -2769(Fortunately,)X -3184(much)X -3388(has)X -3521(changed)X -3815(since)X -4006(1981.)X -4232(In)X -555 2535(the)N -683(area)X -848(of)X -945(buffer)X -1172(management,)X -1632(most)X -1817(UNIX)X -2048(systems)X -2331(provide)X -2606(the)X -2734(ability)X -2968(to)X -3060(memory)X -3357(map)X -3525(\256les,)X -3708(thus)X -3870(obviating)X -4201(the)X -555 2625(need)N -734(for)X -855(a)X -918(copy)X -1101(between)X -1396(kernel)X -1624(and)X -1766(user)X -1926(space.)X -2171(If)X -2251(a)X -2313(database)X -2616(system)X -2864(is)X -2943(going)X -3151(to)X -3239(use)X -3372(the)X -3496(\256le)X -3624(system)X -3872(buffer)X -4095(cache,)X -555 2715(then)N -719(a)X -781(system)X -1029(call)X -1171(is)X -1250(required.)X -1584(However,)X -1924(if)X -1998(buffering)X -2322(is)X -2400(provided)X -2710(at)X -2793(user)X -2952(level)X -3133(using)X -3331(shared)X -3566(memory,)X -3878(as)X -3970(in)X -4057(LIBTP,)X -555 2805(buffer)N -776(management)X -1210(is)X -1287(only)X -1452(as)X -1542(slow)X -1716(as)X -1806(access)X -2035(to)X -2120(shared)X -2353(memory)X -2643(and)X -2782(any)X -2921(replacement)X -3337(algorithm)X -3671(may)X -3832(be)X -3931(used.)X -4121(Since)X -555 2895(multiple)N -849(processes)X -1185(can)X -1325(access)X -1559(the)X -1685(shared)X -1923(data,)X -2105(prefetching)X -2499(may)X -2665(be)X -2769(accomplished)X -3238(by)X -3346(separate)X -3638(processes)X -3973(or)X -4067(threads)X -555 2985(whose)N -782(sole)X -932(purpose)X -1207(is)X -1281(to)X -1364(prefetch)X -1649(pages)X -1853(and)X -1990(wait)X -2149(on)X -2250(them.)X -2471(There)X -2680(is)X -2754(still)X -2894(no)X -2995(way)X -3150(to)X -3233(enforce)X -3496(write)X -3682(ordering)X -3975(other)X -4161(than)X -555 3075(keeping)N -829(pages)X -1032(in)X -1114(user)X -1268(memory)X -1555(and)X -1691(using)X -1884(the)X -3 f -2002(fsync)X -1 f -2180(\(3\))X -2294(system)X -2536(call)X -2672(to)X -2754(perform)X -3033(synchronous)X -3458(writes.)X -755 3198(In)N -845(the)X -966(area)X -1124(of)X -1214(\256le)X -1339(systems,)X -1635(the)X -1756(fast)X -1895(\256le)X -2020(system)X -2265(\(FFS\))X -2474([MCKU84])X -2871(allows)X -3103(allocation)X -3442(in)X -3527(units)X -3704(up)X -3806(to)X -3890(64KBytes)X -4232(as)X -555 3288(opposed)N -846(to)X -932(the)X -1054(4KByte)X -1327(and)X -1466(8KByte)X -1738(\256gures)X -1979(quoted)X -2220(in)X -2305([STON81].)X -2711(The)X -2859(measurements)X -3341(in)X -3426(this)X -3564(paper)X -3766(were)X -3946(taken)X -4143(from)X -555 3378(an)N -655(8KByte)X -928(FFS,)X -1104(but)X -1230(as)X -1320(LIBTP)X -1565(runs)X -1726(exclusively)X -2114(in)X -2199(user)X -2356(space,)X -2578(there)X -2762(is)X -2838(nothing)X -3105(to)X -3190(prevent)X -3454(it)X -3521(from)X -3700(being)X -3901(run)X -4031(on)X -4134(other)X -555 3468(UNIX)N -776(compatible)X -1152(\256le)X -1274(systems)X -1547(\(e.g.)X -1710(log-structured)X -2180([ROSE91],)X -2558(extent-based,)X -3004(or)X -3091(multi-block)X -3484([SELT91]\).)X -755 3591(Finally,)N -1029(with)X -1199(regard)X -1433(to)X -1523(the)X -1648(process)X -1916(structure,)X -2244(neither)X -2494(context)X -2757(switch)X -2993(time)X -3162(nor)X -3296(scheduling)X -3670(around)X -3920(semaphores)X -555 3681(seems)N -785(to)X -881(affect)X -1099(the)X -1231(system)X -1487(performance.)X -1968(However,)X -2317(the)X -2449(implementation)X -2984(of)X -3084(semaphores)X -3496(can)X -3641(impact)X -3892(performance)X -555 3771(tremendously.)N -1051(This)X -1213(is)X -1286(discussed)X -1613(in)X -1695(more)X -1880(detail)X -2078(in)X -2160(section)X -2407(4.3.)X -755 3894(The)N -908(Tuxedo)X -1181(system)X -1431(from)X -1615(AT&T)X -1861(is)X -1941(a)X -2004(transaction)X -2383(manager)X -2687(which)X -2910(coordinates)X -3307(distributed)X -3676(transaction)X -4055(commit)X -555 3984(from)N -738(a)X -801(variety)X -1051(of)X -1145(different)X -1449(local)X -1632(transaction)X -2011(managers.)X -2386(At)X -2493(this)X -2634(time,)X -2822(LIBTP)X -3070(does)X -3243(not)X -3371(have)X -3549(its)X -3650(own)X -3814(mechanism)X -4205(for)X -555 4074(distributed)N -942(commit)X -1231(processing,)X -1639(but)X -1786(could)X -2009(be)X -2130(used)X -2322(as)X -2434(a)X -2515(local)X -2716(transaction)X -3113(agent)X -3331(by)X -3455(systems)X -3752(such)X -3943(as)X -4054(Tuxedo)X -555 4164([ANDR89].)N -10 f -863 4393(i)N -870(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -903 4483(Buffer)N -1133(Management)X -10 f -1672(g)X -1 f -1720(Data)X -1892(must)X -2067(be)X -2163(copied)X -2397(between)X -2685(kernel)X -2906(space)X -3105(and)X -3241(user)X -3395(space.)X -10 f -1672 4573(g)N -1 f -1720(Buffer)X -1950(pool)X -2112(access)X -2338(is)X -2411(too)X -2533(slow.)X -10 f -1672 4663(g)N -1 f -1720(There)X -1928(is)X -2001(no)X -2101(way)X -2255(to)X -2337(request)X -2589(prefetch.)X -10 f -1672 4753(g)N -1 f -1720(Replacement)X -2159(is)X -2232(usually)X -2483(LRU)X -2663(which)X -2879(may)X -3037(be)X -3133(suboptimal)X -3508(for)X -3622(databases.)X -10 f -1672 4843(g)N -1 f -1720(There)X -1928(is)X -2001(no)X -2101(way)X -2255(to)X -2337(guarantee)X -2670(write)X -2855(ordering.)X -10 f -863 4853(i)N -870(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -903 4943(File)N -1047(System)X -10 f -1672(g)X -1 f -1720(Allocation)X -2078(is)X -2151(done)X -2327(in)X -2409(small)X -2602(blocks)X -2831(\(usually)X -3109(4K)X -3227(or)X -3314(8K\).)X -10 f -1672 5033(g)N -1 f -1720(Logical)X -1985(organization)X -2406(of)X -2493(\256les)X -2646(is)X -2719(redundantly)X -3122(expressed.)X -10 f -863 5043(i)N -870(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -903 5133(Process)N -1168(Structure)X -10 f -1672(g)X -1 f -1720(Context)X -1993(switching)X -2324(and)X -2460(message)X -2752(passing)X -3012(are)X -3131(too)X -3253(slow.)X -10 f -1672 5223(g)N -1 f -1720(A)X -1798(process)X -2059(may)X -2217(be)X -2313(descheduled)X -2730(while)X -2928(holding)X -3192(a)X -3248(semaphore.)X -10 f -863 5233(i)N -870(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -863(c)X -5193(c)Y -5113(c)Y -5033(c)Y -4953(c)Y -4873(c)Y -4793(c)Y -4713(c)Y -4633(c)Y -4553(c)Y -4473(c)Y -3990 5233(c)N -5193(c)Y -5113(c)Y -5033(c)Y -4953(c)Y -4873(c)Y -4793(c)Y -4713(c)Y -4633(c)Y -4553(c)Y -4473(c)Y -3 f -1156 5446(Table)N -1371(One:)X -1560(Shortcomings)X -2051(of)X -2138(UNIX)X -2363(transaction)X -2770(support)X -3056(cited)X -3241(in)X -3327([STON81].)X - -3 p -%%Page: 3 3 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 3 f -1 f -755 630(The)N -901(transaction)X -1274(architecture)X -1675(presented)X -2004(in)X -2087([YOUN91])X -2474(is)X -2548(very)X -2712(similar)X -2955(to)X -3038(that)X -3179(implemented)X -3618(in)X -3701(the)X -3820(LIBTP.)X -4103(While)X -555 720([YOUN91])N -947(presents)X -1236(a)X -1298(model)X -1524(for)X -1644(providing)X -1981(transaction)X -2359(services,)X -2663(this)X -2803(paper)X -3007(focuses)X -3273(on)X -3378(the)X -3501(implementation)X -4028(and)X -4169(per-)X -555 810(formance)N -881(of)X -970(a)X -1028(particular)X -1358(system.)X -1642(In)X -1731(addition,)X -2034(we)X -2149(provide)X -2415(detailed)X -2690(comparisons)X -3116(with)X -3279(alternative)X -3639(solutions:)X -3970(traditional)X -555 900(UNIX)N -776(services)X -1055(and)X -1191(commercial)X -1590(database)X -1887(management)X -2317(systems.)X -3 f -555 1086(3.)N -655(Architecture)X -1 f -755 1209(The)N -906(library)X -1146(is)X -1224(designed)X -1534(to)X -1621(provide)X -1891(well)X -2054(de\256ned)X -2315(interfaces)X -2653(to)X -2740(the)X -2863(services)X -3147(required)X -3440(for)X -3559(transaction)X -3936(processing.)X -555 1299(These)N -777(services)X -1066(are)X -1195(recovery,)X -1527(concurrency)X -1955(control,)X -2232(and)X -2378(the)X -2506(management)X -2946(of)X -3043(shared)X -3283(data.)X -3487(First)X -3663(we)X -3787(will)X -3941(discuss)X -4201(the)X -555 1389(design)N -795(tradeoffs)X -1112(in)X -1205(the)X -1334(selection)X -1650(of)X -1748(recovery,)X -2081(concurrency)X -2510(control,)X -2787(and)X -2933(buffer)X -3160(management)X -3600(implementations,)X -4183(and)X -555 1479(then)N -713(we)X -827(will)X -971(present)X -1223(the)X -1341(overall)X -1584(library)X -1818(architecture)X -2218(and)X -2354(module)X -2614(descriptions.)X -3 f -555 1665(3.1.)N -715(Design)X -966(Tradeoffs)X -1 f -3 f -555 1851(3.1.1.)N -775(Crash)X -1004(Recovery)X -1 f -755 1974(The)N -909(recovery)X -1220(protocol)X -1516(is)X -1598(responsible)X -1992(for)X -2115(providing)X -2455(the)X -2582(transaction)X -2963(semantics)X -3308(discussed)X -3644(earlier.)X -3919(There)X -4136(are)X -4263(a)X -555 2064(wide)N -739(range)X -946(of)X -1041(recovery)X -1351(protocols)X -1677(available)X -1995([HAER83],)X -2395(but)X -2525(we)X -2647(can)X -2786(crudely)X -3054(divide)X -3281(them)X -3468(into)X -3619(two)X -3766(main)X -3953(categories.)X -555 2154(The)N -706(\256rst)X -856(category)X -1159(records)X -1422(all)X -1528(modi\256cations)X -1989(to)X -2077(the)X -2201(database)X -2504(in)X -2592(a)X -2653(separate)X -2942(\256le,)X -3089(and)X -3230(uses)X -3393(this)X -3533(\256le)X -3660(\(log\))X -3841(to)X -3928(back)X -4105(out)X -4232(or)X -555 2244(reapply)N -825(these)X -1019(modi\256cations)X -1483(if)X -1561(a)X -1626(transaction)X -2007(aborts)X -2232(or)X -2328(the)X -2455(system)X -2706(crashes.)X -3012(We)X -3153(call)X -3298(this)X -3442(set)X -3560(the)X -3 f -3687(logging)X -3963(protocols)X -1 f -4279(.)X -555 2334(The)N -703(second)X -949(category)X -1249(avoids)X -1481(the)X -1602(use)X -1732(of)X -1822(a)X -1881(log)X -2006(by)X -2109(carefully)X -2418(controlling)X -2792(when)X -2989(data)X -3146(are)X -3268(written)X -3518(to)X -3603(disk.)X -3799(We)X -3934(call)X -4073(this)X -4210(set)X -555 2424(the)N -3 f -673(non-logging)X -1096(protocols)X -1 f -1412(.)X -755 2547(Non-logging)N -1185(protocols)X -1504(hold)X -1666(dirty)X -1837(buffers)X -2085(in)X -2167(main)X -2347(memory)X -2634(or)X -2721(temporary)X -3071(\256les)X -3224(until)X -3390(commit)X -3654(and)X -3790(then)X -3948(force)X -4134(these)X -555 2637(pages)N -769(to)X -862(disk)X -1026(at)X -1115(transaction)X -1498(commit.)X -1813(While)X -2040(we)X -2165(can)X -2308(use)X -2446(temporary)X -2807(\256les)X -2971(to)X -3064(hold)X -3237(dirty)X -3418(pages)X -3631(that)X -3781(may)X -3949(need)X -4131(to)X -4223(be)X -555 2727(evicted)N -810(from)X -988(memory)X -1277(during)X -1508(a)X -1566(long-running)X -2006(transaction,)X -2400(the)X -2520(only)X -2684(user-level)X -3023(mechanism)X -3410(to)X -3494(force)X -3682(pages)X -3887(to)X -3971(disk)X -4126(is)X -4201(the)X -3 f -555 2817(fsync)N -1 f -733(\(2\))X -850(system)X -1095(call.)X -1274(Unfortunately,)X -3 f -1767(fsync)X -1 f -1945(\(2\))X -2062(is)X -2138(an)X -2237(expensive)X -2581(system)X -2826(call)X -2965(in)X -3050(that)X -3193(it)X -3260(forces)X -3480(all)X -3583(pages)X -3789(of)X -3879(a)X -3938(\256le)X -4062(to)X -4146(disk,)X -555 2907(and)N -691(transactions)X -1094(that)X -1234(manage)X -1504(more)X -1689(than)X -1847(one)X -1983(\256le)X -2105(must)X -2280(issue)X -2460(one)X -2596(call)X -2732(per)X -2855(\256le.)X -755 3030(In)N -853(addition,)X -3 f -1166(fsync)X -1 f -1344(\(2\))X -1469(provides)X -1776(no)X -1887(way)X -2051(to)X -2143(control)X -2400(the)X -2528(order)X -2728(in)X -2820(which)X -3046(dirty)X -3227(pages)X -3440(are)X -3569(written)X -3826(to)X -3918(disk.)X -4121(Since)X -555 3120(non-logging)N -976(protocols)X -1304(must)X -1489(sometimes)X -1861(order)X -2061(writes)X -2287(carefully)X -2603([SULL92],)X -2987(they)X -3155(are)X -3284(dif\256cult)X -3567(to)X -3659(implement)X -4030(on)X -4139(Unix)X -555 3210(systems.)N -868(As)X -977(a)X -1033(result,)X -1251(we)X -1365(have)X -1537(chosen)X -1780(to)X -1862(implement)X -2224(a)X -2280(logging)X -2544(protocol.)X -755 3333(Logging)N -1050(protocols)X -1372(may)X -1534(be)X -1634(categorized)X -2029(based)X -2236(on)X -2340(how)X -2502(information)X -2904(is)X -2981(logged)X -3223(\(physically)X -3602(or)X -3692(logically\))X -4022(and)X -4161(how)X -555 3423(much)N -767(is)X -854(logged)X -1106(\(before)X -1373(images,)X -1654(after)X -1836(images)X -2097(or)X -2198(both\).)X -2441(In)X -3 f -2542(physical)X -2855(logging)X -1 f -3103(,)X -3157(images)X -3417(of)X -3517(complete)X -3844(physical)X -4144(units)X -555 3513(\(pages)N -786(or)X -874(buffers\))X -1150(are)X -1270(recorded,)X -1593(while)X -1792(in)X -3 f -1875(logical)X -2118(logging)X -1 f -2387(a)X -2444(description)X -2820(of)X -2907(the)X -3025(operation)X -3348(is)X -3421(recorded.)X -3763(Therefore,)X -4121(while)X -555 3603(we)N -675(may)X -839(record)X -1071(entire)X -1280(pages)X -1489(in)X -1577(a)X -1639(physical)X -1932(log,)X -2080(we)X -2200(need)X -2378(only)X -2546(record)X -2777(the)X -2900(records)X -3162(being)X -3365(modi\256ed)X -3674(in)X -3761(a)X -3822(logical)X -4065(log.)X -4232(In)X -555 3693(fact,)N -718(physical)X -1006(logging)X -1271(can)X -1404(be)X -1501(thought)X -1766(of)X -1854(as)X -1942(a)X -1999(special)X -2243(case)X -2403(of)X -2491(logical)X -2730(logging,)X -3015(since)X -3201(the)X -3320 0.3125(``records'')AX -3686(that)X -3827(we)X -3942(log)X -4065(in)X -4148(logi-)X -555 3783(cal)N -673(logging)X -941(might)X -1151(be)X -1251(physical)X -1542(pages.)X -1789(Since)X -1991(logical)X -2233(logging)X -2501(is)X -2578(both)X -2743(more)X -2931(space-ef\256cient)X -3423(and)X -3562(more)X -3750(general,)X -4030(we)X -4147(have)X -555 3873(chosen)N -798(it)X -862(for)X -976(our)X -1103(logging)X -1367(protocol.)X -755 3996(In)N -3 f -843(before-image)X -1315(logging)X -1 f -1563(,)X -1604(we)X -1719(log)X -1842(a)X -1899(copy)X -2076(of)X -2164(the)X -2283(data)X -2438(before)X -2665(the)X -2784(update,)X -3039(while)X -3238(in)X -3 f -3321(after-image)X -3739(logging)X -1 f -3987(,)X -4027(we)X -4141(log)X -4263(a)X -555 4086(copy)N -740(of)X -836(the)X -963(data)X -1126(after)X -1303(the)X -1429(update.)X -1711(If)X -1793(we)X -1915(log)X -2045(only)X -2215(before-images,)X -2723(then)X -2889(there)X -3078(is)X -3159(suf\256cient)X -3485(information)X -3891(in)X -3981(the)X -4107(log)X -4237(to)X -555 4176(allow)N -761(us)X -860(to)X -3 f -950(undo)X -1 f -1150(the)X -1276(transaction)X -1656(\(go)X -1791(back)X -1971(to)X -2061(the)X -2187(state)X -2361(represented)X -2759(by)X -2866(the)X -2991(before-image\).)X -3514(However,)X -3876(if)X -3952(the)X -4077(system)X -555 4266(crashes)N -814(and)X -952(a)X -1010(committed)X -1374(transaction's)X -1806(changes)X -2087(have)X -2261(not)X -2385(reached)X -2658(the)X -2778(disk,)X -2953(we)X -3068(have)X -3241(no)X -3342(means)X -3568(to)X -3 f -3651(redo)X -1 f -3828(the)X -3947(transaction)X -555 4356(\(reapply)N -849(the)X -973(updates\).)X -1311(Therefore,)X -1675(logging)X -1945(only)X -2113(before-images)X -2599(necessitates)X -3004(forcing)X -3262(dirty)X -3439(pages)X -3648(at)X -3732(commit)X -4002(time.)X -4210(As)X -555 4446(mentioned)N -913(above,)X -1145(forcing)X -1397(pages)X -1600(at)X -1678(commit)X -1942(is)X -2015(considered)X -2383(too)X -2505(costly.)X -755 4569(If)N -834(we)X -953(log)X -1080(only)X -1247(after-images,)X -1694(then)X -1857(there)X -2043(is)X -2121(suf\256cient)X -2444(information)X -2847(in)X -2934(the)X -3057(log)X -3184(to)X -3271(allow)X -3474(us)X -3570(to)X -3657(redo)X -3825(the)X -3947(transaction)X -555 4659(\(go)N -687(forward)X -967(to)X -1054(the)X -1177(state)X -1348(represented)X -1743(by)X -1847(the)X -1969(after-image\),)X -2411(but)X -2537(we)X -2655(do)X -2759(not)X -2885(have)X -3061(the)X -3183(information)X -3585(required)X -3877(to)X -3963(undo)X -4147(tran-)X -555 4749(sactions)N -845(which)X -1073(aborted)X -1346(after)X -1526(dirty)X -1709(pages)X -1924(were)X -2113(written)X -2372(to)X -2466(disk.)X -2670(Therefore,)X -3039(logging)X -3314(only)X -3487(after-images)X -3920(necessitates)X -555 4839(holding)N -819(all)X -919(dirty)X -1090(buffers)X -1338(in)X -1420(main)X -1600(memory)X -1887(until)X -2053(commit)X -2317(or)X -2404(writing)X -2655(them)X -2835(to)X -2917(a)X -2973(temporary)X -3323(\256le.)X -755 4962(Since)N -956(neither)X -1202(constraint)X -1541(\(forcing)X -1823(pages)X -2029(on)X -2132(commit)X -2399(or)X -2489(buffering)X -2811(pages)X -3016(until)X -3184(commit\))X -3477(was)X -3624(feasible,)X -3916(we)X -4032(chose)X -4237(to)X -555 5052(log)N -683(both)X -851(before)X -1083(and)X -1225(after)X -1399(images.)X -1672(The)X -1823(only)X -1991(remaining)X -2342(consideration)X -2800(is)X -2879(when)X -3079(changes)X -3363(get)X -3486(written)X -3738(to)X -3825(disk.)X -4023(Changes)X -555 5142(affect)N -764(both)X -931(data)X -1090(pages)X -1298(and)X -1438(the)X -1560(log.)X -1726(If)X -1804(the)X -1926(changed)X -2218(data)X -2376(page)X -2552(is)X -2629(written)X -2880(before)X -3110(the)X -3232(log)X -3358(page,)X -3554(and)X -3694(the)X -3816(system)X -4062(crashes)X -555 5232(before)N -787(the)X -911(log)X -1039(page)X -1217(is)X -1296(written,)X -1569(the)X -1693(log)X -1820(will)X -1969(contain)X -2230(insuf\256cient)X -2615(information)X -3018(to)X -3105(undo)X -3290(the)X -3413(change.)X -3706(This)X -3873(violates)X -4147(tran-)X -555 5322(saction)N -803(semantics,)X -1160(since)X -1346(some)X -1536(changed)X -1825(data)X -1980(pages)X -2184(may)X -2343(not)X -2466(have)X -2638(been)X -2810(written,)X -3077(and)X -3213(the)X -3331(database)X -3628(cannot)X -3862(be)X -3958(restored)X -4237(to)X -555 5412(its)N -650(pre-transaction)X -1152(state.)X -755 5535(The)N -914(log)X -1050(record)X -1290(describing)X -1658(an)X -1768(update)X -2016(must)X -2205(be)X -2315(written)X -2576(to)X -2672(stable)X -2893(storage)X -3159(before)X -3398(the)X -3529(modi\256ed)X -3846(page.)X -4071(This)X -4246(is)X -3 f -555 5625(write-ahead)N -992(logging)X -1 f -1240(.)X -1307(If)X -1388(log)X -1517(records)X -1781(are)X -1907(safely)X -2126(written)X -2380(to)X -2469(disk,)X -2649(data)X -2810(pages)X -3020(may)X -3185(be)X -3288(written)X -3542(at)X -3627(any)X -3770(time)X -3939(afterwards.)X -555 5715(This)N -721(means)X -950(that)X -1094(the)X -1216(only)X -1382(\256le)X -1508(that)X -1652(ever)X -1815(needs)X -2022(to)X -2108(be)X -2208(forced)X -2438(to)X -2524(disk)X -2681(is)X -2758(the)X -2880(log.)X -3046(Since)X -3248(the)X -3370(log)X -3495(is)X -3571(append-only,)X -4015(modi\256ed)X - -4 p -%%Page: 4 4 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -555 630(pages)N -760(always)X -1005(appear)X -1242(at)X -1322(the)X -1442(end)X -1580(and)X -1718(may)X -1878(be)X -1976(written)X -2224(to)X -2307(disk)X -2461(ef\256ciently)X -2807(in)X -2890(any)X -3027(\256le)X -3150(system)X -3393(that)X -3534(favors)X -3756(sequential)X -4102(order-)X -555 720(ing)N -677(\()X -2 f -704(e.g.)X -1 f -820(,)X -860(FFS,)X -1032(log-structured)X -1502(\256le)X -1624(system,)X -1886(or)X -1973(an)X -2069(extent-based)X -2495(system\).)X -3 f -555 906(3.1.2.)N -775(Concurrency)X -1245(Control)X -1 f -755 1029(The)N -918(concurrency)X -1354(control)X -1619(protocol)X -1923(is)X -2013(responsible)X -2415(for)X -2546(maintaining)X -2965(consistency)X -3376(in)X -3475(the)X -3610(presence)X -3929(of)X -4033(multiple)X -555 1119(accesses.)N -897(There)X -1114(are)X -1242(several)X -1499(alternative)X -1867(solutions)X -2183(such)X -2358(as)X -2453(locking,)X -2741(optimistic)X -3088(concurrency)X -3514(control)X -3769([KUNG81],)X -4183(and)X -555 1209(timestamp)N -912(ordering)X -1208([BERN80].)X -1619(Since)X -1821(optimistic)X -2164(methods)X -2459(and)X -2599(timestamp)X -2956(ordering)X -3252(are)X -3374(generally)X -3696(more)X -3884(complex)X -4183(and)X -555 1299(restrict)N -804(concurrency)X -1228(without)X -1498(eliminating)X -1888(starvation)X -2230(or)X -2323(deadlocks,)X -2690(we)X -2810(chose)X -3018(two-phase)X -3373(locking)X -3638(\(2PL\).)X -3890(Strict)X -4088(2PL)X -4246(is)X -555 1389(suboptimal)N -935(for)X -1054(certain)X -1297(data)X -1455(structures)X -1791(such)X -1962(as)X -2053(B-trees)X -2309(because)X -2588(it)X -2656(can)X -2792(limit)X -2966(concurrency,)X -3408(so)X -3503(we)X -3621(use)X -3752(a)X -3812(special)X -4059(locking)X -555 1479(protocol)N -842(based)X -1045(on)X -1145(one)X -1281(described)X -1609(in)X -1691([LEHM81].)X -755 1602(The)N -901(B-tree)X -1123(locking)X -1384(protocol)X -1672(we)X -1787(implemented)X -2226(releases)X -2502(locks)X -2691(at)X -2769(internal)X -3034(nodes)X -3241(in)X -3323(the)X -3441(tree)X -3582(as)X -3669(it)X -3733(descends.)X -4083(A)X -4161(lock)X -555 1692(on)N -658(an)X -757(internal)X -1025(page)X -1200(is)X -1276(always)X -1522(released)X -1808(before)X -2036(a)X -2094(lock)X -2254(on)X -2356(its)X -2453(child)X -2635(is)X -2710(obtained)X -3008(\(that)X -3177(is,)X -3272(locks)X -3463(are)X -3584(not)X -3 f -3708(coupled)X -1 f -3996([BAY77])X -555 1782(during)N -786(descent\).)X -1116(When)X -1330(a)X -1388(leaf)X -1531(\(or)X -1647(internal\))X -1941(page)X -2115(is)X -2190(split,)X -2369(a)X -2427(write)X -2614(lock)X -2774(is)X -2849(acquired)X -3148(on)X -3250(the)X -3370(parent)X -3593(before)X -3821(the)X -3941(lock)X -4100(on)X -4201(the)X -555 1872(just-split)N -855(page)X -1028(is)X -1102(released)X -1387(\(locks)X -1604(are)X -3 f -1724(coupled)X -1 f -2011(during)X -2241(ascent\).)X -2530(Write)X -2734(locks)X -2924(on)X -3025(internal)X -3291(pages)X -3495(are)X -3615(released)X -3899(immediately)X -555 1962(after)N -723(the)X -841(page)X -1013(is)X -1086(updated,)X -1380(but)X -1502(locks)X -1691(on)X -1791(leaf)X -1932(pages)X -2135(are)X -2254(held)X -2412(until)X -2578(the)X -2696(end)X -2832(of)X -2919(the)X -3037(transaction.)X -755 2085(Since)N -964(locks)X -1164(are)X -1294(released)X -1589(during)X -1828(descent,)X -2119(the)X -2247(structure)X -2558(of)X -2655(the)X -2783(tree)X -2934(may)X -3102(change)X -3360(above)X -3582(a)X -3648(node)X -3834(being)X -4042(used)X -4219(by)X -555 2175(some)N -752(process.)X -1061(If)X -1143(that)X -1291(process)X -1560(must)X -1743(later)X -1914(ascend)X -2161(the)X -2287(tree)X -2435(because)X -2717(of)X -2811(a)X -2874(page)X -3053(split,)X -3237(any)X -3380(such)X -3554(change)X -3809(must)X -3991(not)X -4120(cause)X -555 2265(confusion.)N -938(We)X -1077(use)X -1211(the)X -1336(technique)X -1675(described)X -2010(in)X -2099([LEHM81])X -2487(which)X -2710(exploits)X -2989(the)X -3113(ordering)X -3411(of)X -3504(data)X -3664(on)X -3770(a)X -3832(B-tree)X -4059(page)X -4237(to)X -555 2355(guarantee)N -888(that)X -1028(no)X -1128(process)X -1389(ever)X -1548(gets)X -1697(lost)X -1832(as)X -1919(a)X -1975(result)X -2173(of)X -2260(internal)X -2525(page)X -2697(updates)X -2962(made)X -3156(by)X -3256(other)X -3441(processes.)X -755 2478(If)N -836(a)X -899(transaction)X -1278(that)X -1425(updates)X -1697(a)X -1760(B-tree)X -1988(aborts,)X -2231(the)X -2356(user-visible)X -2757(changes)X -3043(to)X -3131(the)X -3255(tree)X -3402(must)X -3583(be)X -3685(rolled)X -3898(back.)X -4116(How-)X -555 2568(ever,)N -735(changes)X -1015(to)X -1097(the)X -1215(internal)X -1480(nodes)X -1687(of)X -1774(the)X -1892(tree)X -2033(need)X -2205(not)X -2327(be)X -2423(rolled)X -2630(back,)X -2822(since)X -3007(these)X -3192(pages)X -3395(contain)X -3651(no)X -3751(user-visible)X -4145(data.)X -555 2658(When)N -771(rolling)X -1008(back)X -1184(a)X -1244(transaction,)X -1640(we)X -1758(roll)X -1893(back)X -2069(all)X -2173(leaf)X -2318(page)X -2494(updates,)X -2783(but)X -2909(no)X -3013(internal)X -3281(insertions)X -3615(or)X -3705(page)X -3880(splits.)X -4111(In)X -4201(the)X -555 2748(worst)N -759(case,)X -944(this)X -1085(will)X -1235(leave)X -1431(a)X -1493(leaf)X -1640(page)X -1818(less)X -1964(than)X -2128(half)X -2279(full.)X -2456(This)X -2624(may)X -2788(cause)X -2993(poor)X -3166(space)X -3371(utilization,)X -3741(but)X -3869(does)X -4042(not)X -4170(lose)X -555 2838(user)N -709(data.)X -755 2961(Holding)N -1038(locks)X -1228(on)X -1329(leaf)X -1471(pages)X -1675(until)X -1842(transaction)X -2215(commit)X -2480(guarantees)X -2845(that)X -2986(no)X -3087(other)X -3273(process)X -3535(can)X -3668(insert)X -3866(or)X -3953(delete)X -4165(data)X -555 3051(that)N -711(has)X -854(been)X -1042(touched)X -1332(by)X -1448(this)X -1598(process.)X -1914(Rolling)X -2188(back)X -2375(insertions)X -2721(and)X -2872(deletions)X -3196(on)X -3311(leaf)X -3467(pages)X -3685(guarantees)X -4064(that)X -4219(no)X -555 3141(aborted)N -819(updates)X -1087(are)X -1209(ever)X -1371(visible)X -1607(to)X -1692(other)X -1880(transactions.)X -2326(Leaving)X -2612(page)X -2787(splits)X -2978(intact)X -3179(permits)X -3442(us)X -3536(to)X -3621(release)X -3867(internal)X -4134(write)X -555 3231(locks)N -744(early.)X -965(Thus)X -1145(transaction)X -1517(semantics)X -1853(are)X -1972(preserved,)X -2325(and)X -2461(locks)X -2650(are)X -2769(held)X -2927(for)X -3041(shorter)X -3284(periods.)X -755 3354(The)N -901(extra)X -1083(complexity)X -1464(introduced)X -1828(by)X -1929(this)X -2065(locking)X -2326(protocol)X -2614(appears)X -2881(substantial,)X -3264(but)X -3387(it)X -3452(is)X -3525(important)X -3856(for)X -3970(multi-user)X -555 3444(execution.)N -950(The)X -1118(bene\256ts)X -1410(of)X -1520(non-two-phase)X -2040(locking)X -2323(on)X -2446(B-trees)X -2721(are)X -2863(well)X -3044(established)X -3443(in)X -3548(the)X -3689(database)X -4009(literature)X -555 3534([BAY77],)N -899([LEHM81].)X -1320(If)X -1394(a)X -1450(process)X -1711(held)X -1869(locks)X -2058(until)X -2224(it)X -2288(committed,)X -2670(then)X -2828(a)X -2884(long-running)X -3322(update)X -3556(could)X -3754(lock)X -3912(out)X -4034(all)X -4134(other)X -555 3624(transactions)N -967(by)X -1076(preventing)X -1448(any)X -1593(other)X -1787(process)X -2057(from)X -2241(locking)X -2509(the)X -2635(root)X -2792(page)X -2972(of)X -3067(the)X -3193(tree.)X -3382(The)X -3535(B-tree)X -3764(locking)X -4032(protocol)X -555 3714(described)N -884(above)X -1096(guarantees)X -1460(that)X -1600(locks)X -1789(on)X -1889(internal)X -2154(pages)X -2357(are)X -2476(held)X -2634(for)X -2748(extremely)X -3089(short)X -3269(periods,)X -3545(thereby)X -3806(increasing)X -4156(con-)X -555 3804(currency.)N -3 f -555 3990(3.1.3.)N -775(Management)X -1245(of)X -1332(Shared)X -1596(Data)X -1 f -755 4113(Database)N -1075(systems)X -1353(permit)X -1587(many)X -1790(users)X -1980(to)X -2067(examine)X -2364(and)X -2505(update)X -2744(the)X -2866(same)X -3055(data)X -3213(concurrently.)X -3683(In)X -3774(order)X -3968(to)X -4054(provide)X -555 4203(this)N -702(concurrent)X -1078(access)X -1316(and)X -1464(enforce)X -1738(the)X -1868(write-ahead)X -2280(logging)X -2556(protocol)X -2855(described)X -3195(in)X -3289(section)X -3548(3.1.1,)X -3759(we)X -3884(use)X -4022(a)X -4089(shared)X -555 4293(memory)N -848(buffer)X -1071(manager.)X -1414(Not)X -1559(only)X -1726(does)X -1898(this)X -2038(provide)X -2308(the)X -2431(guarantees)X -2800(we)X -2919(require,)X -3192(but)X -3319(a)X -3380(user-level)X -3722(buffer)X -3944(manager)X -4246(is)X -555 4383(frequently)N -916(faster)X -1126(than)X -1295(using)X -1498(the)X -1626(\256le)X -1758(system)X -2010(buffer)X -2237(cache.)X -2491(Reads)X -2717(or)X -2814(writes)X -3040(involving)X -3376(the)X -3504(\256le)X -3636(system)X -3888(buffer)X -4115(cache)X -555 4473(often)N -746(require)X -1000(copying)X -1284(data)X -1444(between)X -1738(user)X -1898(and)X -2040(kernel)X -2266(space)X -2470(while)X -2673(a)X -2734(user-level)X -3076(buffer)X -3298(manager)X -3600(can)X -3737(return)X -3954(pointers)X -4237(to)X -555 4563(data)N -709(pages)X -912(directly.)X -1217(Additionally,)X -1661(if)X -1730(more)X -1915(than)X -2073(one)X -2209(process)X -2470(uses)X -2628(the)X -2746(same)X -2931(page,)X -3123(then)X -3281(fewer)X -3485(copies)X -3710(may)X -3868(be)X -3964(required.)X -3 f -555 4749(3.2.)N -715(Module)X -997(Architecture)X -1 f -755 4872(The)N -913(preceding)X -1262(sections)X -1552(described)X -1892(modules)X -2195(for)X -2321(managing)X -2669(the)X -2799(transaction)X -3183(log,)X -3337(locks,)X -3558(and)X -3706(a)X -3774(cache)X -3990(of)X -4089(shared)X -555 4962(buffers.)N -847(In)X -938(addition,)X -1244(we)X -1362(need)X -1538(to)X -1624(provide)X -1893(functionality)X -2326(for)X -2444(transaction)X -2 f -2819(begin)X -1 f -2997(,)X -2 f -3040(commit)X -1 f -3276(,)X -3319(and)X -2 f -3458(abort)X -1 f -3654(processing,)X -4040(necessi-)X -555 5052(tating)N -769(a)X -837(transaction)X -1221(manager.)X -1570(In)X -1669(order)X -1871(to)X -1965(arbitrate)X -2265(concurrent)X -2641(access)X -2879(to)X -2973(locks)X -3173(and)X -3320(buffers,)X -3599(we)X -3724(include)X -3991(a)X -4058(process)X -555 5142(management)N -995(module)X -1264(which)X -1489(manages)X -1799(a)X -1864(collection)X -2209(of)X -2305(semaphores)X -2713(used)X -2889(to)X -2980(block)X -3187(and)X -3332(release)X -3585(processes.)X -3962(Finally,)X -4237(in)X -555 5232(order)N -752(to)X -841(provide)X -1113(a)X -1176(simple,)X -1436(standard)X -1735(interface)X -2044(we)X -2165(have)X -2344(modi\256ed)X -2655(the)X -2780(database)X -3084(access)X -3317(routines)X -3602(\()X -3 f -3629(db)X -1 f -3717(\(3\)\).)X -3904(For)X -4041(the)X -4165(pur-)X -555 5322(poses)N -758(of)X -850(this)X -990(paper)X -1194(we)X -1313(call)X -1453(the)X -1575(modi\256ed)X -1883(package)X -2171(the)X -3 f -2293(Record)X -2567(Manager)X -1 f -2879(.)X -2943(Figure)X -3176(one)X -3316(shows)X -3540(the)X -3662(main)X -3846(interfaces)X -4183(and)X -555 5412(architecture)N -955(of)X -1042(LIBTP.)X - -5 p -%%Page: 5 5 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -11 s -1851 1520(log_commit)N -2764 2077(buf_unpin)N -2764 1987(buf_get)N -3633 1408(buf_unpin)N -3633 1319(buf_pin)N -3633 1230(buf_get)N -3 f -17 s -1163 960(Txn)N -1430(M)X -1559(anager)X -2582(Record)X -3040(M)X -3169(anager)X -1 Dt -2363 726 MXY -0 355 Dl -1426 0 Dl -0 -355 Dl --1426 0 Dl -3255 1616 MXY -0 535 Dl -534 0 Dl -0 -535 Dl --534 0 Dl -2185 MX -0 535 Dl -535 0 Dl -0 -535 Dl --535 0 Dl -1116 MX -0 535 Dl -534 0 Dl -0 -535 Dl --534 0 Dl -726 MY -0 355 Dl -891 0 Dl -0 -355 Dl --891 0 Dl -1 f -11 s -2207 1297(lock)N -2564 1386(log)N -865(unlock_all)X -1851 1609(log_unroll)N -1650 2508 MXY -0 178 Dl -1605 0 Dl -0 -178 Dl --1605 0 Dl -1294 1616 MXY -19 -30 Dl --19 11 Dl --20 -11 Dl -20 30 Dl -0 -535 Dl -2319 2508 MXY --22 -30 Dl -4 23 Dl --18 14 Dl -36 -7 Dl --936 -357 Dl -3277 2455(sleep_on)N -1405 1616 MXY -36 4 Dl --18 -13 Dl -1 -22 Dl --19 31 Dl -1070 -535 Dl -2631 2508 MXY -36 6 Dl --18 -14 Dl -3 -22 Dl --21 30 Dl -891 -357 Dl -1426 2455(sleep_on)N -3255 1884 MXY --31 -20 Dl -11 20 Dl --11 19 Dl -31 -19 Dl --535 0 Dl -1554 2366(wake)N -3277(wake)X -2185 1884 MXY --31 -20 Dl -12 20 Dl --12 19 Dl -31 -19 Dl --356 0 Dl -0 -803 Dl -3 f -17 s -1236 1851(Lock)N -1118 2030(M)N -1247(anager)X -2339 1851(Log)N -2187 2030(M)N -2316(anager)X -3333 1851(Buffer)N -3257 2030(M)N -3386(anager)X -3522 1616 MXY -20 -30 Dl --20 11 Dl --20 -11 Dl -20 30 Dl -0 -535 Dl -1950 2654(Process)N -2424(M)X -2553(anager)X -2542 1616 MXY -19 -30 Dl --19 11 Dl --20 -11 Dl -20 30 Dl -0 -535 Dl -1 f -11 s -2207 1364(unlock)N -2452 2508 MXY -20 -31 Dl --20 11 Dl --19 -11 Dl -19 31 Dl -0 -357 Dl -2497 2322(sleep_on)N -2497 2233(wake)N -3 Dt --1 Ds -3 f -10 s -1790 2830(Figure)N -2037(1:)X -2144(Library)X -2435(module)X -2708(interfaces.)X -1 f -10 f -555 3010(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -3 f -555 3286(3.2.1.)N -775(The)X -928(Log)X -1081(Manager)X -1 f -755 3409(The)N -3 f -907(Log)X -1067(Manager)X -1 f -1406(enforces)X -1706(the)X -1831(write-ahead)X -2238(logging)X -2509(protocol.)X -2843(Its)X -2949(primitive)X -3268(operations)X -3628(are)X -2 f -3753(log)X -1 f -3855(,)X -2 f -3901(log_commit)X -1 f -4279(,)X -2 f -555 3499(log_read)N -1 f -844(,)X -2 f -889(log_roll)X -1 f -1171(and)X -2 f -1312(log_unroll)X -1 f -1649(.)X -1714(The)X -2 f -1864(log)X -1 f -1991(call)X -2132(performs)X -2447(a)X -2508(buffered)X -2806(write)X -2996(of)X -3088(the)X -3211(speci\256ed)X -3520(log)X -3646(record)X -3876(and)X -4016(returns)X -4263(a)X -555 3589(unique)N -809(log)X -947(sequence)X -1278(number)X -1559(\(LSN\).)X -1840(This)X -2017(LSN)X -2203(may)X -2376(then)X -2549(be)X -2660(used)X -2842(to)X -2939(retrieve)X -3220(a)X -3291(record)X -3532(from)X -3723(the)X -3856(log)X -3993(using)X -4201(the)X -2 f -555 3679(log_read)N -1 f -865(call.)X -1042(The)X -2 f -1188(log)X -1 f -1311(interface)X -1614(knows)X -1844(very)X -2008(little)X -2175(about)X -2374(the)X -2493(internal)X -2759(format)X -2993(of)X -3080(the)X -3198(log)X -3320(records)X -3577(it)X -3641(receives.)X -3965(Rather,)X -4219(all)X -555 3769(log)N -681(records)X -942(are)X -1065 0.4028(referenced)AX -1430(by)X -1534(a)X -1594(header)X -1833(structure,)X -2158(a)X -2218(log)X -2344(record)X -2574(type,)X -2756(and)X -2896(a)X -2956(character)X -3276(buffer)X -3497(containing)X -3859(the)X -3981(data)X -4138(to)X -4223(be)X -555 3859(logged.)N -834(The)X -980(log)X -1103(record)X -1330(type)X -1489(is)X -1563(used)X -1731(to)X -1814(call)X -1951(the)X -2070(appropriate)X -2457(redo)X -2621(and)X -2758(undo)X -2939(routines)X -3217(during)X -2 f -3446(abort)X -1 f -3639(and)X -2 f -3775(commit)X -1 f -4031(process-)X -555 3949(ing.)N -721(While)X -941(we)X -1059(have)X -1235(used)X -1406(the)X -3 f -1528(Log)X -1684(Manager)X -1 f -2019(to)X -2104(provide)X -2372(before)X -2601(and)X -2740(after)X -2911(image)X -3130(logging,)X -3417(it)X -3484(may)X -3645(also)X -3797(be)X -3896(used)X -4066(for)X -4183(any)X -555 4039(of)N -642(the)X -760(logging)X -1024(algorithms)X -1386(discussed.)X -755 4162(The)N -2 f -905(log_commit)X -1 f -1308(operation)X -1636(behaves)X -1920(exactly)X -2177(like)X -2322(the)X -2 f -2445(log)X -1 f -2572(operation)X -2900(but)X -3026(guarantees)X -3394(that)X -3538(the)X -3660(log)X -3786(has)X -3917(been)X -4093(forced)X -555 4252(to)N -643(disk)X -802(before)X -1034(returning.)X -1394(A)X -1478(discussion)X -1837(of)X -1930(our)X -2063(commit)X -2333(strategy)X -2613(appears)X -2884(in)X -2971(the)X -3094(implementation)X -3621(section)X -3873(\(section)X -4152(4.2\).)X -2 f -555 4342(Log_unroll)N -1 f -935(reads)X -1126(log)X -1249(records)X -1507(from)X -1684(the)X -1803(log,)X -1946(following)X -2278(backward)X -2611(transaction)X -2983(pointers)X -3261(and)X -3397(calling)X -3635(the)X -3753(appropriate)X -4139(undo)X -555 4432(routines)N -839(to)X -927(implement)X -1295(transaction)X -1673(abort.)X -1904(In)X -1997(a)X -2059(similar)X -2307(manner,)X -2 f -2594(log_roll)X -1 f -2877(reads)X -3073(log)X -3201(records)X -3464(sequentially)X -3877(forward,)X -4178(cal-)X -555 4522(ling)N -699(the)X -817(appropriate)X -1203(redo)X -1366(routines)X -1644(to)X -1726(recover)X -1988(committed)X -2350(transactions)X -2753(after)X -2921(a)X -2977(system)X -3219(crash.)X -3 f -555 4708(3.2.2.)N -775(The)X -928(Buffer)X -1171(Manager)X -1 f -755 4831(The)N -3 f -912(Buffer)X -1167(Manager)X -1 f -1511(uses)X -1681(a)X -1749(pool)X -1923(of)X -2022(shared)X -2264(memory)X -2563(to)X -2657(provide)X -2934(a)X -3002(least-recently-used)X -3641(\(LRU\))X -3886(block)X -4095(cache.)X -555 4921(Although)N -886(the)X -1013(current)X -1270(library)X -1513(provides)X -1818(an)X -1923(LRU)X -2112(cache,)X -2345(it)X -2418(would)X -2647(be)X -2752(simple)X -2994(to)X -3085(add)X -3229(alternate)X -3534(replacement)X -3955(policies)X -4232(as)X -555 5011(suggested)N -903(by)X -1015([CHOU85])X -1408(or)X -1507(to)X -1601(provide)X -1878(multiple)X -2176(buffer)X -2405(pools)X -2610(with)X -2784(different)X -3092(policies.)X -3412(Transactions)X -3853(request)X -4116(pages)X -555 5101(from)N -736(the)X -859(buffer)X -1081(manager)X -1383(and)X -1524(keep)X -1701(them)X -3 f -1886(pinned)X -1 f -2145(to)X -2232(ensure)X -2466(that)X -2610(they)X -2772(are)X -2895(not)X -3021(written)X -3272(to)X -3358(disk)X -3515(while)X -3717(they)X -3879(are)X -4002(in)X -4088(a)X -4148(logi-)X -555 5191(cally)N -732(inconsistent)X -1135(state.)X -1343(When)X -1556(page)X -1729(replacement)X -2143(is)X -2217(necessary,)X -2571(the)X -3 f -2689(Buffer)X -2932(Manager)X -1 f -3264(\256nds)X -3439(an)X -3535(unpinned)X -3853(page)X -4025(and)X -4161(then)X -555 5281(checks)N -794(with)X -956(the)X -3 f -1074(Log)X -1227(Manager)X -1 f -1559(to)X -1641(ensure)X -1871(that)X -2011(the)X -2129(write-ahead)X -2529(protocol)X -2816(is)X -2889(enforced.)X -3 f -555 5467(3.2.3.)N -775(The)X -928(Lock)X -1121(Manager)X -1 f -755 5590(The)N -3 f -901(Lock)X -1095(Manager)X -1 f -1428(supports)X -1720(general)X -1978(purpose)X -2253(locking)X -2514(\(single)X -2753(writer,)X -2986(multiple)X -3273(readers\))X -3553(which)X -3769(is)X -3842(currently)X -4152(used)X -555 5680(to)N -638(provide)X -904(two-phase)X -1254(locking)X -1514(and)X -1650(high)X -1812(concurrency)X -2230(B-tree)X -2451(locking.)X -2751(However,)X -3086(the)X -3204(general)X -3461(purpose)X -3735(nature)X -3956(of)X -4043(the)X -4161(lock)X - -6 p -%%Page: 6 6 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -555 630(manager)N -857(provides)X -1158(the)X -1281(ability)X -1510(to)X -1597(support)X -1862(a)X -1923(variety)X -2171(of)X -2263(locking)X -2528(protocols.)X -2890(Currently,)X -3241(all)X -3345(locks)X -3538(are)X -3661(issued)X -3885(at)X -3967(the)X -4089(granu-)X -555 720(larity)N -747(of)X -837(a)X -896(page)X -1071(\(the)X -1219(size)X -1367(of)X -1457(a)X -1516(buffer)X -1736(in)X -1821(the)X -1942(buffer)X -2161(pool\))X -2352(which)X -2570(is)X -2645(identi\256ed)X -2969(by)X -3071(two)X -3213(4-byte)X -3440(integers)X -3716(\(a)X -3801(\256le)X -3925(id)X -4009(and)X -4147(page)X -555 810(number\).)N -898(This)X -1071(provides)X -1378(the)X -1507(necessary)X -1851(information)X -2259(to)X -2351(extend)X -2595(the)X -3 f -2723(Lock)X -2926(Manager)X -1 f -3268(to)X -3360(perform)X -3649(hierarchical)X -4059(locking)X -555 900([GRAY76].)N -982(The)X -1133(current)X -1387(implementation)X -1915(does)X -2088(not)X -2216(support)X -2482(locks)X -2677(at)X -2760(other)X -2950(granularities)X -3376(and)X -3517(does)X -3689(not)X -3816(promote)X -4108(locks;)X -555 990(these)N -740(are)X -859(obvious)X -1132(future)X -1344(additions)X -1657(to)X -1739(the)X -1857(system.)X -755 1113(If)N -831(an)X -929(incoming)X -1253(lock)X -1413(request)X -1667(cannot)X -1903(be)X -2001(granted,)X -2284(the)X -2404(requesting)X -2760(process)X -3023(is)X -3098(queued)X -3352(for)X -3467(the)X -3586(lock)X -3745(and)X -3882(descheduled.)X -555 1203(When)N -769(a)X -827(lock)X -987(is)X -1062(released,)X -1368(the)X -1488(wait)X -1647(queue)X -1860(is)X -1934(traversed)X -2250(and)X -2387(any)X -2524(newly)X -2741(compatible)X -3118(locks)X -3308(are)X -3428(granted.)X -3730(Locks)X -3947(are)X -4067(located)X -555 1293(via)N -680(a)X -743(\256le)X -872(and)X -1015(page)X -1194(hash)X -1368(table)X -1551(and)X -1694(are)X -1820(chained)X -2097(both)X -2266(by)X -2373(object)X -2595(and)X -2737(by)X -2843(transaction,)X -3241(facilitating)X -3614(rapid)X -3805(traversal)X -4108(of)X -4201(the)X -555 1383(lock)N -713(table)X -889(during)X -1118(transaction)X -1490(commit)X -1754(and)X -1890(abort.)X -755 1506(The)N -907(primary)X -1188(interfaces)X -1528(to)X -1617(the)X -1742(lock)X -1907(manager)X -2211(are)X -2 f -2337(lock)X -1 f -2471(,)X -2 f -2518(unlock)X -1 f -2732(,)X -2779(and)X -2 f -2922(lock_unlock_all)X -1 f -3434(.)X -2 f -3500(Lock)X -1 f -3682(obtains)X -3939(a)X -4001(new)X -4161(lock)X -555 1596(for)N -680(a)X -747(speci\256c)X -1023(object.)X -1290(There)X -1509(are)X -1638(also)X -1797(two)X -1947(variants)X -2231(of)X -2328(the)X -2 f -2456(lock)X -1 f -2620(request,)X -2 f -2902(lock_upgrade)X -1 f -3373(and)X -2 f -3519(lock_downgrade)X -1 f -4053(,)X -4103(which)X -555 1686(allow)N -755(the)X -875(caller)X -1076(to)X -1160(atomically)X -1519(trade)X -1701(a)X -1758(lock)X -1917(of)X -2005(one)X -2142(type)X -2301(for)X -2416(a)X -2473(lock)X -2632(of)X -2720(another.)X -2 f -3022(Unlock)X -1 f -3275(releases)X -3551(a)X -3608(speci\256c)X -3874(mode)X -4073(of)X -4161(lock)X -555 1776(on)N -655(a)X -711(speci\256c)X -976(object.)X -2 f -1232(Lock_unlock_all)X -1 f -1786(releases)X -2061(all)X -2161(the)X -2279(locks)X -2468(associated)X -2818(with)X -2980(a)X -3036(speci\256c)X -3301(transaction.)X -3 f -555 1962(3.2.4.)N -775(The)X -928(Process)X -1207(Manager)X -1 f -755 2085(The)N -3 f -900(Process)X -1179(Manager)X -1 f -1511(acts)X -1656(as)X -1743(a)X -1799(user-level)X -2136(scheduler)X -2464(to)X -2546(make)X -2740(processes)X -3068(wait)X -3226(on)X -3326(unavailable)X -3716(locks)X -3905(and)X -4041(pending)X -555 2175(buffer)N -778(cache)X -988(I/O.)X -1161(For)X -1297(each)X -1470(process,)X -1756(a)X -1817(semaphore)X -2190(is)X -2268(maintained)X -2649(upon)X -2834(which)X -3055(that)X -3200(process)X -3466(waits)X -3660(when)X -3859(it)X -3928(needs)X -4136(to)X -4223(be)X -555 2265(descheduled.)N -1014(When)X -1228(a)X -1286(process)X -1549(needs)X -1754(to)X -1838(be)X -1936(run,)X -2084(its)X -2180(semaphore)X -2549(is)X -2623(cleared,)X -2897(and)X -3034(the)X -3153(operating)X -3477(system)X -3720(reschedules)X -4116(it.)X -4201(No)X -555 2355(sophisticated)N -1002(scheduling)X -1378(algorithm)X -1718(is)X -1799(applied;)X -2085(if)X -2162(the)X -2288(lock)X -2454(for)X -2576(which)X -2800(a)X -2864(process)X -3133(was)X -3286(waiting)X -3554(becomes)X -3863(available,)X -4201(the)X -555 2445(process)N -824(is)X -905(made)X -1107(runnable.)X -1456(It)X -1533(would)X -1761(have)X -1941(been)X -2121(possible)X -2411(to)X -2501(change)X -2757(the)X -2883(kernel's)X -3170(process)X -3439(scheduler)X -3775(to)X -3865(interact)X -4134(more)X -555 2535(ef\256ciently)N -900(with)X -1062(the)X -1180(lock)X -1338(manager,)X -1655(but)X -1777(doing)X -1979(so)X -2070(would)X -2290(have)X -2462(compromised)X -2918(our)X -3045(commitment)X -3469(to)X -3551(a)X -3607(user-level)X -3944(package.)X -3 f -555 2721(3.2.5.)N -775(The)X -928(Transaction)X -1361(Manager)X -1 f -755 2844(The)N -3 f -901(Transaction)X -1335(Manager)X -1 f -1668(provides)X -1965(the)X -2084(standard)X -2377(interface)X -2680(of)X -2 f -2768(txn_begin)X -1 f -3084(,)X -2 f -3125(txn_commit)X -1 f -3499(,)X -3540(and)X -2 f -3676(txn_abort)X -1 f -3987(.)X -4047(It)X -4116(keeps)X -555 2934(track)N -742(of)X -835(all)X -941(active)X -1159(transactions,)X -1588(assigns)X -1845(unique)X -2089(transaction)X -2467(identi\256ers,)X -2833(and)X -2974(directs)X -3213(the)X -3336(abort)X -3526(and)X -3667(commit)X -3936(processing.)X -555 3024(When)N -772(a)X -2 f -833(txn_begin)X -1 f -1174(is)X -1252(issued,)X -1497(the)X -3 f -1620(Transaction)X -2058(Manager)X -1 f -2395(assigns)X -2651(the)X -2773(next)X -2935(available)X -3249(transaction)X -3625(identi\256er,)X -3958(allocates)X -4263(a)X -555 3114(per-process)N -948(transaction)X -1322(structure)X -1625(in)X -1709(shared)X -1941(memory,)X -2249(increments)X -2622(the)X -2741(count)X -2940(of)X -3028(active)X -3241(transactions,)X -3665(and)X -3802(returns)X -4046(the)X -4165(new)X -555 3204(transaction)N -937(identi\256er)X -1256(to)X -1348(the)X -1476(calling)X -1724(process.)X -2034(The)X -2188(in-memory)X -2573(transaction)X -2954(structure)X -3264(contains)X -3560(a)X -3625(pointer)X -3881(into)X -4034(the)X -4161(lock)X -555 3294(table)N -734(for)X -851(locks)X -1043(held)X -1204(by)X -1307(this)X -1445(transaction,)X -1840(the)X -1961(last)X -2095(log)X -2220(sequence)X -2538(number,)X -2826(a)X -2885(transaction)X -3260(state)X -3430(\()X -2 f -3457(idle)X -1 f -(,)S -2 f -3620(running)X -1 f -3873(,)X -2 f -3915(aborting)X -1 f -4190(,)X -4232(or)X -2 f -555 3384(committing\))N -1 f -942(,)X -982(an)X -1078(error)X -1255(code,)X -1447(and)X -1583(a)X -1639(semaphore)X -2007(identi\256er.)X -755 3507(At)N -859(commit,)X -1147(the)X -3 f -1269(Transaction)X -1706(Manager)X -1 f -2042(calls)X -2 f -2213(log_commit)X -1 f -2615(to)X -2700(record)X -2929(the)X -3050(end)X -3189(of)X -3279(transaction)X -3654(and)X -3793(to)X -3878(\257ush)X -4056(the)X -4177(log.)X -555 3597(Then)N -743(it)X -810(directs)X -1047(the)X -3 f -1168(Lock)X -1364(Manager)X -1 f -1699(to)X -1784(release)X -2031(all)X -2134(locks)X -2325(associated)X -2677(with)X -2841(the)X -2961(given)X -3161(transaction.)X -3575(If)X -3651(a)X -3709(transaction)X -4083(aborts,)X -555 3687(the)N -3 f -680(Transaction)X -1120(Manager)X -1 f -1459(calls)X -1633(on)X -2 f -1739(log_unroll)X -1 f -2102(to)X -2190(read)X -2355(the)X -2479(transaction's)X -2915(log)X -3043(records)X -3306(and)X -3448(undo)X -3634(any)X -3776(modi\256cations)X -4237(to)X -555 3777(the)N -673(database.)X -1010(As)X -1119(in)X -1201(the)X -1319(commit)X -1583(case,)X -1762(it)X -1826(then)X -1984(calls)X -2 f -2151(lock_unlock_all)X -1 f -2683(to)X -2765(release)X -3009(the)X -3127(transaction's)X -3557(locks.)X -3 f -555 3963(3.2.6.)N -775(The)X -928(Record)X -1198(Manager)X -1 f -755 4086(The)N -3 f -919(Record)X -1208(Manager)X -1 f -1559(supports)X -1869(the)X -2006(abstraction)X -2397(of)X -2503(reading)X -2783(and)X -2938(writing)X -3208(records)X -3484(to)X -3585(a)X -3660(database.)X -3996(We)X -4147(have)X -555 4176(modi\256ed)N -861(the)X -981(the)X -1101(database)X -1399(access)X -1626(routines)X -3 f -1905(db)X -1 f -1993(\(3\))X -2108([BSD91])X -2418(to)X -2501(call)X -2638(the)X -2757(log,)X -2900(lock,)X -3079(and)X -3216(buffer)X -3434(managers.)X -3803(In)X -3891(order)X -4082(to)X -4165(pro-)X -555 4266(vide)N -718(functionality)X -1152(to)X -1239(perform)X -1523(undo)X -1708(and)X -1849(redo,)X -2037(the)X -3 f -2160(Record)X -2434(Manager)X -1 f -2770(de\256nes)X -3021(a)X -3081(collection)X -3421(of)X -3512(log)X -3638(record)X -3868(types)X -4061(and)X -4201(the)X -555 4356(associated)N -920(undo)X -1115(and)X -1266(redo)X -1444(routines.)X -1777(The)X -3 f -1937(Log)X -2105(Manager)X -1 f -2452(performs)X -2777(a)X -2848(table)X -3039(lookup)X -3296(on)X -3411(the)X -3543(record)X -3783(type)X -3955(to)X -4051(call)X -4201(the)X -555 4446(appropriate)N -951(routines.)X -1299(For)X -1440(example,)X -1762(the)X -1890(B-tree)X -2121(access)X -2356(method)X -2625(requires)X -2913(two)X -3062(log)X -3193(record)X -3428(types:)X -3648(insert)X -3855(and)X -4000(delete.)X -4241(A)X -555 4536(replace)N -808(operation)X -1131(is)X -1204(implemented)X -1642(as)X -1729(a)X -1785(delete)X -1997(followed)X -2302(by)X -2402(an)X -2498(insert)X -2696(and)X -2832(is)X -2905(logged)X -3143(accordingly.)X -3 f -555 4722(3.3.)N -715(Application)X -1134(Architectures)X -1 f -755 4845(The)N -907(structure)X -1215(of)X -1309(LIBTP)X -1558(allows)X -1794(application)X -2177(designers)X -2507(to)X -2596(trade)X -2784(off)X -2905(performance)X -3339(and)X -3481(protection.)X -3872(Since)X -4076(a)X -4138(large)X -555 4935(portion)N -810(of)X -901(LIBTP's)X -1205(functionality)X -1638(is)X -1715(provided)X -2024(by)X -2128(managing)X -2468(structures)X -2804(in)X -2889(shared)X -3122(memory,)X -3432(its)X -3530(structures)X -3865(are)X -3987(subject)X -4237(to)X -555 5025(corruption)N -926(by)X -1043(applications)X -1467(when)X -1678(the)X -1813(library)X -2064(is)X -2154(linked)X -2391(directly)X -2673(with)X -2852(the)X -2987(application.)X -3420(For)X -3568(this)X -3720(reason,)X -3987(LIBTP)X -4246(is)X -555 5115(designed)N -864(to)X -950(allow)X -1152(compilation)X -1558(into)X -1706(a)X -1766(separate)X -2053(server)X -2273(process)X -2537(which)X -2756(may)X -2917(be)X -3016(accessed)X -3321(via)X -3442(a)X -3501(socket)X -3729(interface.)X -4094(In)X -4184(this)X -555 5205(way)N -712(LIBTP's)X -1015(data)X -1172(structures)X -1507(are)X -1629(protected)X -1951(from)X -2130(application)X -2509(code,)X -2704(but)X -2829(communication)X -3349(overhead)X -3666(is)X -3741(increased.)X -4107(When)X -555 5295(applications)N -975(are)X -1107(trusted,)X -1377(LIBTP)X -1631(may)X -1801(be)X -1909(compiled)X -2239(directly)X -2516(into)X -2672(the)X -2802(application)X -3190(providing)X -3533(improved)X -3872(performance.)X -555 5385(Figures)N -815(two)X -955(and)X -1091(three)X -1272(show)X -1461(the)X -1579(two)X -1719(alternate)X -2016(application)X -2392(architectures.)X -755 5508(There)N -964(are)X -1084(potentially)X -1447(two)X -1588(modes)X -1818(in)X -1901(which)X -2118(one)X -2255(might)X -2462(use)X -2590(LIBTP)X -2833(in)X -2916(a)X -2972(server)X -3189(based)X -3392(architecture.)X -3832(In)X -3919(the)X -4037(\256rst,)X -4201(the)X -555 5598(server)N -778(would)X -1004(provide)X -1275(the)X -1399(capability)X -1741(to)X -1829(respond)X -2109(to)X -2197(requests)X -2486(to)X -2574(each)X -2747(of)X -2839(the)X -2962(low)X -3107(level)X -3288(modules)X -3584(\(lock,)X -3794(log,)X -3941(buffer,)X -4183(and)X -555 5688(transaction)N -944(managers\).)X -1356(Unfortunately,)X -1863(the)X -1998(performance)X -2442(of)X -2546(such)X -2730(a)X -2803(system)X -3062(is)X -3152(likely)X -3371(to)X -3470(be)X -3583(blindingly)X -3947(slow)X -4134(since)X - -7 p -%%Page: 7 7 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -1 Dt -1864 1125 MXY -15 -26 Dl --15 10 Dl --14 -10 Dl -14 26 Dl -0 -266 Dl -1315 1125 MXY -15 -26 Dl --15 10 Dl --14 -10 Dl -14 26 Dl -0 -266 Dl -3 Dt -1133 1125 MXY -0 798 Dl -931 0 Dl -0 -798 Dl --931 0 Dl -1 Dt -1266 1257 MXY -0 133 Dl -665 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --665 0 Dl -3 f -8 s -1513 1351(driver)N -1502 1617(LIBTP)N -1266 1390 MXY -0 400 Dl -665 0 Dl -0 -400 Dl --665 0 Dl -3 Dt -1133 726 MXY -0 133 Dl -931 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --931 0 Dl -1 f -1029 1098(txn_abort)N -964 1015(txn_commit)N -1018 932(txn_begin)N -1910 1015(db_ops)N -3 f -1308 820(Application)N -1645(Program)X -1398 1218(Server)N -1594(Process)X -1 f -1390 986(socket)N -1569(interface)X -1 Dt -1848 967 MXY --23 -14 Dl -8 14 Dl --8 15 Dl -23 -15 Dl --50 0 Dl -1324 MX -23 15 Dl --9 -15 Dl -9 -14 Dl --23 14 Dl -50 0 Dl -3 Dt -2862 859 MXY -0 1064 Dl -932 0 Dl -0 -1064 Dl --932 0 Dl -1 Dt -3178 1390 MXY -24 -12 Dl --17 0 Dl --8 -15 Dl -1 27 Dl -150 -265 Dl -3494 1390 MXY -0 -27 Dl --8 15 Dl --16 1 Dl -24 11 Dl --166 -265 Dl -3 f -3232 1617(LIBTP)N -2995 1390 MXY -0 400 Dl -666 0 Dl -0 -400 Dl --666 0 Dl -992 MY -0 133 Dl -666 0 Dl -0 -133 Dl --666 0 Dl -3168 1086(Application)N -1 f -2939 1201(txn_begin)N -2885 1284(txn_commit)N -2950 1368(txn_abort)N -3465 1284(db_ops)N -3 f -3155 766(Single)N -3339(Process)X -3 Dt --1 Ds -811 2100(Figure)N -1023(2:)X -1107(Server)X -1318(Architecture.)X -1 f -1727(In)X -1811(this)X -1934(con\256guration,)X -811 2190(the)N -916(library)X -1113(is)X -1183(loaded)X -1380(into)X -1507(a)X -1562(server)X -1744(process)X -1962(which)X -2145(is)X -2214(ac-)X -811 2280(cessed)N -993(via)X -1087(a)X -1131(socket)X -1310(interface.)X -3 f -2563 2100(Figure)N -2803(3:)X -2914(Single)X -3140(Process)X -3403(Architecture.)X -1 f -3839(In)X -3950(this)X -2563 2190(con\256guration,)N -2948(the)X -3053(library)X -3250(routines)X -3483(are)X -3587(loaded)X -3784(as)X -3864(part)X -3990(of)X -2563 2280(the)N -2657(application)X -2957(and)X -3065(accessed)X -3303(via)X -3397(a)X -3441(subroutine)X -3727(interface.)X -10 s -10 f -555 2403(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -1 f -555 2679(modifying)N -909(a)X -966(piece)X -1157(of)X -1245(data)X -1400(would)X -1621(require)X -1870(three)X -2051(or)X -2138(possibly)X -2424(four)X -2578(separate)X -2862(communications:)X -3433(one)X -3569(to)X -3651(lock)X -3809(the)X -3927(data,)X -4101(one)X -4237(to)X -555 2769(obtain)N -781(the)X -905(data,)X -1085(one)X -1227(to)X -1315(log)X -1443(the)X -1567(modi\256cation,)X -2017(and)X -2159(possibly)X -2451(one)X -2593(to)X -2681(transmit)X -2969(the)X -3093(modi\256ed)X -3403(data.)X -3583(Figure)X -3817(four)X -3976(shows)X -4201(the)X -555 2859(relative)N -826(performance)X -1263(for)X -1387(retrieving)X -1728(a)X -1793(single)X -2013(record)X -2248(using)X -2450(the)X -2577(record)X -2812(level)X -2997(call)X -3142(versus)X -3376(using)X -3578(the)X -3705(lower)X -3917(level)X -4102(buffer)X -555 2949(management)N -987(and)X -1125(locking)X -1387(calls.)X -1616(The)X -1763(2:1)X -1887(ratio)X -2056(observed)X -2367(in)X -2450(the)X -2569(single)X -2781(process)X -3043(case)X -3203(re\257ects)X -3456(the)X -3575(additional)X -3916(overhead)X -4232(of)X -555 3039(parsing)N -819(eight)X -1006(commands)X -1380(rather)X -1595(than)X -1760(one)X -1903(while)X -2108(the)X -2233(3:1)X -2362(ratio)X -2536(observed)X -2853(in)X -2942(the)X -3067(client/server)X -3491(architecture)X -3898(re\257ects)X -4157(both)X -555 3129(the)N -679(parsing)X -941(and)X -1083(the)X -1207(communication)X -1731(overheard.)X -2118(Although)X -2445(there)X -2631(may)X -2794(be)X -2895(applications)X -3307(which)X -3528(could)X -3731(tolerate)X -3997(such)X -4169(per-)X -555 3219(formance,)N -904(it)X -973(seems)X -1194(far)X -1309(more)X -1499(feasible)X -1774(to)X -1861(support)X -2126(a)X -2187(higher)X -2417(level)X -2597(interface,)X -2923(such)X -3094(as)X -3185(that)X -3329(provided)X -3638(by)X -3742(a)X -3802(query)X -4009(language)X -555 3309(\()N -2 f -582(e.g.)X -1 f -718(SQL)X -889([SQL86]\).)X -755 3432(Although)N -1081(LIBTP)X -1327(does)X -1498(not)X -1624(have)X -1800(an)X -1900(SQL)X -2075(parser,)X -2316(we)X -2433(have)X -2608(built)X -2777(a)X -2836(server)X -3056(application)X -3435(using)X -3631(the)X -3752(toolkit)X -3983(command)X -555 3522(language)N -882(\(TCL\))X -1124([OUST90].)X -1544(The)X -1706(server)X -1940(supports)X -2248(a)X -2321(command)X -2674(line)X -2831(interface)X -3150(similar)X -3409(to)X -3508(the)X -3643(subroutine)X -4017(interface)X -555 3612(de\256ned)N -811(in)X -3 f -893(db)X -1 f -981(\(3\).)X -1135(Since)X -1333(it)X -1397(is)X -1470(based)X -1673(on)X -1773(TCL,)X -1964(it)X -2028(provides)X -2324(control)X -2571(structures)X -2903(as)X -2990(well.)X -3 f -555 3798(4.)N -655(Implementation)X -1 f -3 f -555 3984(4.1.)N -715(Locking)X -1014(and)X -1162(Deadlock)X -1502(Detection)X -1 f -755 4107(LIBTP)N -1007(uses)X -1175(two-phase)X -1535(locking)X -1805(for)X -1929(user)X -2093(data.)X -2297(Strictly)X -2562(speaking,)X -2897(the)X -3024(two)X -3173(phases)X -3416(in)X -3507(two-phase)X -3866(locking)X -4135(are)X -4263(a)X -3 f -555 4197(grow)N -1 f -756(phase,)X -986(during)X -1221(which)X -1443(locks)X -1638(are)X -1763(acquired,)X -2086(and)X -2228(a)X -3 f -2290(shrink)X -1 f -2537(phase,)X -2766(during)X -3001(which)X -3223(locks)X -3418(are)X -3543(released.)X -3873(No)X -3997(lock)X -4161(may)X -555 4287(ever)N -720(be)X -822(acquired)X -1124(during)X -1358(the)X -1481(shrink)X -1706(phase.)X -1954(The)X -2104(grow)X -2294(phase)X -2502(lasts)X -2669(until)X -2840(the)X -2963(\256rst)X -3112(release,)X -3381(which)X -3602(marks)X -3823(the)X -3946(start)X -4109(of)X -4201(the)X -555 4377(shrink)N -780(phase.)X -1028(In)X -1120(practice,)X -1420(the)X -1543(grow)X -1733(phase)X -1941(lasts)X -2108(for)X -2227(the)X -2350(duration)X -2642(of)X -2734(a)X -2795(transaction)X -3172(in)X -3259(LIBTP)X -3506(and)X -3647(in)X -3734(commercial)X -4138(data-)X -555 4467(base)N -721(systems.)X -1037(The)X -1184(shrink)X -1406(phase)X -1611(takes)X -1798(place)X -1990(during)X -2221(transaction)X -2595(commit)X -2861(or)X -2950(abort.)X -3177(This)X -3341(means)X -3568(that)X -3710(locks)X -3901(are)X -4022(acquired)X -555 4557(on)N -655(demand)X -929(during)X -1158(the)X -1276(lifetime)X -1545(of)X -1632(a)X -1688(transaction,)X -2080(and)X -2216(held)X -2374(until)X -2540(commit)X -2804(time,)X -2986(at)X -3064(which)X -3280(point)X -3464(all)X -3564(locks)X -3753(are)X -3872(released.)X -755 4680(If)N -832(multiple)X -1121(transactions)X -1527(are)X -1649(active)X -1864(concurrently,)X -2313(deadlocks)X -2657(can)X -2792(occur)X -2994(and)X -3133(must)X -3311(be)X -3410(detected)X -3701(and)X -3840(resolved.)X -4174(The)X -555 4770(lock)N -715(table)X -893(can)X -1027(be)X -1125(thought)X -1391(of)X -1480(as)X -1569(a)X -1627(representation)X -2104(of)X -2193(a)X -2251(directed)X -2532(graph.)X -2777(The)X -2924(nodes)X -3133(in)X -3216(the)X -3335(graph)X -3539(are)X -3659(transactions.)X -4103(Edges)X -555 4860(represent)N -878(the)X -3 f -1004(waits-for)X -1 f -1340(relation)X -1613(between)X -1909(transactions;)X -2342(if)X -2419(transaction)X -2 f -2799(A)X -1 f -2876(is)X -2957(waiting)X -3225(for)X -3347(a)X -3411(lock)X -3577(held)X -3743(by)X -3851(transaction)X -2 f -4230(B)X -1 f -4279(,)X -555 4950(then)N -716(a)X -775(directed)X -1057(edge)X -1232(exists)X -1437(from)X -2 f -1616(A)X -1 f -1687(to)X -2 f -1771(B)X -1 f -1842(in)X -1926(the)X -2046(graph.)X -2291(A)X -2371(deadlock)X -2683(exists)X -2887(if)X -2958(a)X -3016(cycle)X -3208(appears)X -3476(in)X -3560(the)X -3680(graph.)X -3925(By)X -4040(conven-)X -555 5040(tion,)N -719(no)X -819(transaction)X -1191(ever)X -1350(waits)X -1539(for)X -1653(a)X -1709(lock)X -1867(it)X -1931(already)X -2188(holds,)X -2401(so)X -2492(re\257exive)X -2793(edges)X -2996(are)X -3115(impossible.)X -755 5163(A)N -836(distinguished)X -1285(process)X -1549(monitors)X -1856(the)X -1977(lock)X -2138(table,)X -2337(searching)X -2668(for)X -2785(cycles.)X -3048(The)X -3195(frequency)X -3539(with)X -3703(which)X -3921(this)X -4058(process)X -555 5253(runs)N -716(is)X -792(user-settable;)X -1243(for)X -1360(the)X -1481(multi-user)X -1833(tests)X -1998(discussed)X -2328(in)X -2413(section)X -2663(5.1.2,)X -2866(it)X -2933(has)X -3063(been)X -3238(set)X -3350(to)X -3435(wake)X -3628(up)X -3731(every)X -3932(second,)X -4197(but)X -555 5343(more)N -742(sophisticated)X -1182(schedules)X -1516(are)X -1636(certainly)X -1938(possible.)X -2261(When)X -2474(a)X -2531(cycle)X -2722(is)X -2796(detected,)X -3105(one)X -3242(of)X -3330(the)X -3449(transactions)X -3853(in)X -3936(the)X -4055(cycle)X -4246(is)X -555 5433(nominated)N -917(and)X -1057(aborted.)X -1362(When)X -1578(the)X -1700(transaction)X -2076(aborts,)X -2315(it)X -2382(rolls)X -2547(back)X -2722(its)X -2820(changes)X -3102(and)X -3241(releases)X -3519(its)X -3617(locks,)X -3829(thereby)X -4093(break-)X -555 5523(ing)N -677(the)X -795(cycle)X -985(in)X -1067(the)X -1185(graph.)X - -8 p -%%Page: 8 8 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -4 Ds -1 Dt -1866 865 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1866 1031 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1866 1199 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1866 1366 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1866 1533 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1866 1701 MXY -1338 0 Dl --1 Ds -5 Dt -1866 1868 MXY -1338 0 Dl -1 Dt -1 Di -2981 MX - 2981 1868 lineto - 2981 1575 lineto - 3092 1575 lineto - 3092 1868 lineto - 2981 1868 lineto -closepath 21 2981 1575 3092 1868 Dp -2646 MX - 2646 1868 lineto - 2646 949 lineto - 2758 949 lineto - 2758 1868 lineto - 2646 1868 lineto -closepath 14 2646 949 2758 1868 Dp -2312 MX - 2312 1868 lineto - 2312 1701 lineto - 2423 1701 lineto - 2423 1868 lineto - 2312 1868 lineto -closepath 3 2312 1701 2423 1868 Dp -1977 MX - 1977 1868 lineto - 1977 1512 lineto - 2089 1512 lineto - 2089 1868 lineto - 1977 1868 lineto -closepath 19 1977 1512 2089 1868 Dp -3 f -2640 2047(Client/Server)N -1957(Single)X -2185(Process)X -7 s -2957 1957(record)N -2570(component)X -2289(record)X -1890(components)X -1733 1724(.1)N -1733 1556(.2)N -1733 1389(.3)N -1733 1222(.4)N -1733 1055(.5)N -1733 889(.6)N -1590 726(Elapsed)N -1794(Time)X -1613 782(\(in)N -1693(seconds\))X -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -555 2255(Figure)N -756(4:)X -829(Comparison)X -1187(of)X -1260(High)X -1416(and)X -1540(Low)X -1681(Level)X -1850(Interfaces.)X -1 f -2174(Elapsed)X -2395(time)X -2528(in)X -2597(seconds)X -2818(to)X -2887(perform)X -3111(a)X -3158(single)X -3330(record)X -3511(retrieval)X -3742(from)X -3885(a)X -3932(command)X -4203(line)X -555 2345(\(rather)N -751(than)X -888(a)X -943(procedural)X -1241(interface\))X -1510(is)X -1579(shown)X -1772(on)X -1862(the)X -1966(y)X -2024(axis.)X -2185(The)X -2310(``component'')X -2704(numbers)X -2950(re\257ect)X -3135(the)X -3239(timings)X -3458(when)X -3622(the)X -3726(record)X -3914(is)X -3983(retrieved)X -4235(by)X -555 2435(separate)N -785(calls)X -924(to)X -996(the)X -1096(lock)X -1228(manager)X -1469(and)X -1583(buffer)X -1760(manager)X -2001(while)X -2165(the)X -2264(``record'')X -2531(timings)X -2745(were)X -2889(obtained)X -3130(by)X -3215(using)X -3375(a)X -3424(single)X -3598(call)X -3711(to)X -3782(the)X -3881(record)X -4064(manager.)X -555 2525(The)N -674(2:1)X -776(ratio)X -913(observed)X -1163(for)X -1257(the)X -1355(single)X -1528(process)X -1739(case)X -1868(is)X -1930(a)X -1977(re\257ection)X -2237(of)X -2309(the)X -2406(parsing)X -2613(overhead)X -2865(for)X -2958(executing)X -3225(eight)X -3372(separate)X -3599(commands)X -3895(rather)X -4062(than)X -4191(one.)X -555 2615(The)N -673(additional)X -948(factor)X -1115(of)X -1187(one)X -1298(re\257ected)X -1536(in)X -1605(the)X -1702(3:1)X -1803(ratio)X -1939(for)X -2031(the)X -2127(client/server)X -2460(architecture)X -2794(is)X -2855(due)X -2965(to)X -3033(the)X -3129(communication)X -3545(overhead.)X -3828(The)X -3945(true)X -4062(ratios)X -4222(are)X -555 2705(actually)N -775(worse)X -945(since)X -1094(the)X -1190(component)X -1492(timings)X -1703(do)X -1785(not)X -1884(re\257ect)X -2060(the)X -2155(search)X -2334(times)X -2490(within)X -2671(each)X -2804(page)X -2941(or)X -3011(the)X -3106(time)X -3237(required)X -3466(to)X -3533(transmit)X -3760(the)X -3855(page)X -3992(between)X -4221(the)X -555 2795(two)N -667(processes.)X -10 s -10 f -555 2885(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -3 f -555 3161(4.2.)N -715(Group)X -961(Commit)X -1 f -755 3284(Since)N -959(the)X -1083(log)X -1211(must)X -1392(be)X -1494(\257ushed)X -1751(to)X -1839(disk)X -1997(at)X -2080(commit)X -2349(time,)X -2536(disk)X -2694(bandwidth)X -3057(fundamentally)X -3545(limits)X -3751(the)X -3874(rate)X -4020(at)X -4103(which)X -555 3374(transactions)N -959(complete.)X -1314(Since)X -1513(most)X -1688(transactions)X -2091(write)X -2276(only)X -2438(a)X -2494(few)X -2635(small)X -2828(records)X -3085(to)X -3167(the)X -3285(log,)X -3427(the)X -3545(last)X -3676(page)X -3848(of)X -3935(the)X -4053(log)X -4175(will)X -555 3464(be)N -658(\257ushed)X -916(once)X -1095(by)X -1202(every)X -1408(transaction)X -1787(which)X -2010(writes)X -2233(to)X -2322(it.)X -2433(In)X -2527(the)X -2652(naive)X -2853(implementation,)X -3402(these)X -3593(\257ushes)X -3841(would)X -4067(happen)X -555 3554(serially.)N -755 3677(LIBTP)N -1008(uses)X -3 f -1177(group)X -1412(commit)X -1 f -1702([DEWI84])X -2077(in)X -2170(order)X -2371(to)X -2464(amortize)X -2775(the)X -2903(cost)X -3062(of)X -3159(one)X -3305(synchronous)X -3740(disk)X -3903(write)X -4098(across)X -555 3767(multiple)N -851(transactions.)X -1304(Group)X -1539(commit)X -1812(provides)X -2117(a)X -2182(way)X -2345(for)X -2468(a)X -2533(group)X -2749(of)X -2845(transactions)X -3257(to)X -3348(commit)X -3621(simultaneously.)X -4174(The)X -555 3857(\256rst)N -709(several)X -967(transactions)X -1380(to)X -1472(commit)X -1745(write)X -1939(their)X -2115(changes)X -2403(to)X -2494(the)X -2621(in-memory)X -3006(log)X -3137(page,)X -3338(then)X -3505(sleep)X -3699(on)X -3808(a)X -3873(distinguished)X -555 3947(semaphore.)N -966(Later,)X -1179(a)X -1238(committing)X -1629(transaction)X -2004(\257ushes)X -2249(the)X -2370(page)X -2545(to)X -2630(disk,)X -2805(and)X -2943(wakes)X -3166(up)X -3268(all)X -3370(its)X -3467(sleeping)X -3756(peers.)X -3988(The)X -4135(point)X -555 4037(at)N -635(which)X -853(changes)X -1134(are)X -1255(actually)X -1531(written)X -1780(is)X -1855(determined)X -2238(by)X -2340(three)X -2523(thresholds.)X -2914(The)X -3061(\256rst)X -3207(is)X -3281(the)X -2 f -3400(group)X -3612(threshold)X -1 f -3935(and)X -4072(de\256nes)X -555 4127(the)N -674(minimum)X -1005(number)X -1271(of)X -1359(transactions)X -1763(which)X -1979(must)X -2154(be)X -2250(active)X -2462(in)X -2544(the)X -2662(system)X -2904(before)X -3130(transactions)X -3533(are)X -3652(forced)X -3878(to)X -3960(participate)X -555 4217(in)N -646(a)X -711(group)X -927(commit.)X -1240(The)X -1394(second)X -1646(is)X -1728(the)X -2 f -1855(wait)X -2021(threshold)X -1 f -2352(which)X -2577(is)X -2658(expressed)X -3003(as)X -3098(the)X -3224(percentage)X -3601(of)X -3696(active)X -3916(transactions)X -555 4307(waiting)N -826(to)X -919(be)X -1026(committed.)X -1439(The)X -1595(last)X -1737(is)X -1821(the)X -2 f -1950(logdelay)X -2257(threshold)X -1 f -2590(which)X -2816(indicates)X -3131(how)X -3299(much)X -3507(un\257ushed)X -3848(log)X -3980(should)X -4223(be)X -555 4397(allowed)N -829(to)X -911(accumulate)X -1297(before)X -1523(a)X -1579(waiting)X -1839(transaction's)X -2289(commit)X -2553(record)X -2779(is)X -2852(\257ushed.)X -755 4520(Group)N -981(commit)X -1246(can)X -1379(substantially)X -1803(improve)X -2090(performance)X -2517(for)X -2631(high-concurrency)X -3218(environments.)X -3714(If)X -3788(only)X -3950(a)X -4006(few)X -4147(tran-)X -555 4610(sactions)N -836(are)X -957(running,)X -1248(it)X -1314(is)X -1389(unlikely)X -1673(to)X -1757(improve)X -2046(things)X -2263(at)X -2343(all.)X -2485(The)X -2632(crossover)X -2962(point)X -3148(is)X -3223(the)X -3343(point)X -3529(at)X -3609(which)X -3827(the)X -3947(transaction)X -555 4700(commit)N -823(rate)X -968(is)X -1045(limited)X -1295(by)X -1399(the)X -1521(bandwidth)X -1883(of)X -1974(the)X -2096(device)X -2330(on)X -2434(which)X -2654(the)X -2776(log)X -2902(resides.)X -3189(If)X -3267(processes)X -3599(are)X -3722(trying)X -3937(to)X -4023(\257ush)X -4201(the)X -555 4790(log)N -677(faster)X -876(than)X -1034(the)X -1152(log)X -1274(disk)X -1427(can)X -1559(accept)X -1785(data,)X -1959(then)X -2117(group)X -2324(commit)X -2588(will)X -2732(increase)X -3016(the)X -3134(commit)X -3398(rate.)X -3 f -555 4976(4.3.)N -715(Kernel)X -971(Intervention)X -1418(for)X -1541(Synchronization)X -1 f -755 5099(Since)N -954(LIBTP)X -1197(uses)X -1356(data)X -1511(in)X -1594(shared)X -1825(memory)X -2113(\()X -2 f -2140(e.g.)X -1 f -2277(the)X -2395(lock)X -2553(table)X -2729(and)X -2865(buffer)X -3082(pool\))X -3271(it)X -3335(must)X -3510(be)X -3606(possible)X -3888(for)X -4002(a)X -4058(process)X -555 5189(to)N -640(acquire)X -900(exclusive)X -1226(access)X -1454(to)X -1538(shared)X -1770(data)X -1926(in)X -2010(order)X -2202(to)X -2286(prevent)X -2549(corruption.)X -2945(In)X -3034(addition,)X -3338(the)X -3458(process)X -3721(manager)X -4020(must)X -4197(put)X -555 5279(processes)N -886(to)X -971(sleep)X -1159(when)X -1356(the)X -1477(lock)X -1638(or)X -1728(buffer)X -1948(they)X -2109(request)X -2364(is)X -2440(in)X -2525(use)X -2655(by)X -2758(some)X -2950(other)X -3138(process.)X -3441(In)X -3530(the)X -3650(LIBTP)X -3894(implementa-)X -555 5385(tion)N -705(under)X -914(Ultrix)X -1131(4.0)X -7 s -5353(2)Y -10 s -5385(,)Y -1305(we)X -1424(use)X -1556(System)X -1816(V)X -1899(semaphores)X -2303(to)X -2390(provide)X -2660(this)X -2800(synchronization.)X -3377(Semaphores)X -3794(implemented)X -4237(in)X -555 5475(this)N -701(fashion)X -968(turn)X -1128(out)X -1261(to)X -1354(be)X -1461(an)X -1568(expensive)X -1920(choice)X -2161(for)X -2285(synchronization,)X -2847(because)X -3132(each)X -3310(access)X -3546(traps)X -3732(to)X -3824(the)X -3952(kernel)X -4183(and)X -8 s -10 f -555 5547(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)N -5 s -1 f -727 5625(2)N -8 s -763 5650(Ultrix)N -932(and)X -1040(DEC)X -1184(are)X -1277(trademarks)X -1576(of)X -1645(Digital)X -1839(Equipment)X -2136(Corporation.)X - -9 p -%%Page: 9 9 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -1 f -555 630(executes)N -852(atomically)X -1210(there.)X -755 753(On)N -878(architectures)X -1314(that)X -1459(support)X -1724(atomic)X -1967(test-and-set,)X -2382(a)X -2443(much)X -2646(better)X -2854(choice)X -3089(would)X -3314(be)X -3415(to)X -3502(attempt)X -3767(to)X -3854(obtain)X -4079(a)X -4139(spin-)X -555 843(lock)N -714(with)X -877(a)X -934(test-and-set,)X -1345(and)X -1482(issue)X -1663(a)X -1720(system)X -1963(call)X -2100(only)X -2263(if)X -2333(the)X -2452(spinlock)X -2744(is)X -2818(unavailable.)X -3249(Since)X -3447(virtually)X -3738(all)X -3838(semaphores)X -4237(in)X -555 933(LIBTP)N -801(are)X -924(uncontested)X -1330(and)X -1469(are)X -1591(held)X -1752(for)X -1869(very)X -2035(short)X -2218(periods)X -2477(of)X -2567(time,)X -2752(this)X -2890(would)X -3113(improve)X -3403(performance.)X -3873(For)X -4007(example,)X -555 1023(processes)N -885(must)X -1062(acquire)X -1321(exclusive)X -1646(access)X -1874(to)X -1958(buffer)X -2177(pool)X -2341(metadata)X -2653(in)X -2737(order)X -2929(to)X -3013(\256nd)X -3159(and)X -3297(pin)X -3421(a)X -3479(buffer)X -3698(in)X -3781(shared)X -4012(memory.)X -555 1113(This)N -721(semaphore)X -1093(is)X -1170(requested)X -1502(most)X -1681(frequently)X -2034(in)X -2119(LIBTP.)X -2404(However,)X -2742(once)X -2917(it)X -2984(is)X -3060(acquired,)X -3380(only)X -3545(a)X -3604(few)X -3748(instructions)X -4144(must)X -555 1203(be)N -656(executed)X -966(before)X -1196(it)X -1264(is)X -1341(released.)X -1669(On)X -1791(one)X -1931(architecture)X -2335(for)X -2453(which)X -2673(we)X -2791(were)X -2972(able)X -3130(to)X -3216(gather)X -3441(detailed)X -3719(pro\256ling)X -4018(informa-)X -555 1293(tion,)N -729(the)X -857(cost)X -1015(of)X -1111(the)X -1238(semaphore)X -1615(calls)X -1791(accounted)X -2146(for)X -2269(25%)X -2445(of)X -2541(the)X -2668(total)X -2839(time)X -3010(spent)X -3208(updating)X -3517(the)X -3644(metadata.)X -4003(This)X -4174(was)X -555 1383(fairly)N -749(consistent)X -1089(across)X -1310(most)X -1485(of)X -1572(the)X -1690(critical)X -1933(sections.)X -755 1506(In)N -848(an)X -950(attempt)X -1216(to)X -1304(quantify)X -1597(the)X -1720(overhead)X -2040(of)X -2132(kernel)X -2358(synchronization,)X -2915(we)X -3034(ran)X -3162(tests)X -3329(on)X -3434(a)X -3495(version)X -3756(of)X -3848(4.3BSD-Reno)X -555 1596(which)N -786(had)X -937(been)X -1123(modi\256ed)X -1441(to)X -1537(support)X -1811(binary)X -2050(semaphore)X -2432(facilities)X -2742(similar)X -2998(to)X -3094(those)X -3297(described)X -3639(in)X -3735([POSIX91].)X -4174(The)X -555 1686(hardware)N -880(platform)X -1181(consisted)X -1504(of)X -1595(an)X -1695(HP300)X -1941(\(33MHz)X -2237(MC68030\))X -2612(workstation)X -3014(with)X -3180(16MBytes)X -3537(of)X -3628(main)X -3812(memory,)X -4123(and)X -4263(a)X -555 1776(600MByte)N -920(HP7959)X -1205(SCSI)X -1396(disk)X -1552(\(17)X -1682(ms)X -1798(average)X -2072(seek)X -2237(time\).)X -2468(We)X -2602(ran)X -2727(three)X -2910(sets)X -3052(of)X -3141(comparisons)X -3568(which)X -3786(are)X -3907(summarized)X -555 1866(in)N -645(\256gure)X -860(\256ve.)X -1028(In)X -1123(each)X -1299(comparison)X -1701(we)X -1823(ran)X -1954(two)X -2102(tests,)X -2292(one)X -2436(using)X -2637(hardware)X -2965(spinlocks)X -3295(and)X -3438(the)X -3563(other)X -3755(using)X -3955(kernel)X -4183(call)X -555 1956(synchronization.)N -1135(Since)X -1341(the)X -1467(test)X -1606(was)X -1758(run)X -1892(single-user,)X -2291(none)X -2474(of)X -2568(the)X -2693(the)X -2818(locks)X -3014(were)X -3198(contested.)X -3568(In)X -3662(the)X -3787(\256rst)X -3938(two)X -4085(sets)X -4232(of)X -555 2046(tests,)N -743(we)X -863(ran)X -992(the)X -1116(full)X -1253(transaction)X -1631(processing)X -2000(benchmark)X -2383(described)X -2717(in)X -2805(section)X -3058(5.1.)X -3223(In)X -3315(one)X -3456(case)X -3620(we)X -3739(ran)X -3867(with)X -4034(both)X -4201(the)X -555 2136(database)N -854(and)X -992(log)X -1116(on)X -1218(the)X -1338(same)X -1525(disk)X -1680(\(1)X -1769(Disk\))X -1969(and)X -2107(in)X -2191(the)X -2311(second,)X -2576(we)X -2692(ran)X -2817(with)X -2981(the)X -3101(database)X -3400(and)X -3538(log)X -3661(on)X -3762(separate)X -4047(disks)X -4232(\(2)X -555 2226(Disk\).)N -800(In)X -894(the)X -1019(last)X -1157(test,)X -1315(we)X -1436(wanted)X -1695(to)X -1784(create)X -2004(a)X -2067(CPU)X -2249(bound)X -2476(environment,)X -2928(so)X -3026(we)X -3146(used)X -3319(a)X -3381(database)X -3684(small)X -3883(enough)X -4145(to)X -4233(\256t)X -555 2316(completely)N -941(in)X -1033(the)X -1161(cache)X -1375(and)X -1521(issued)X -1751(read-only)X -2089(transactions.)X -2541(The)X -2695(results)X -2933(in)X -3024(\256gure)X -3240(\256ve)X -3389(express)X -3659(the)X -3786(kernel)X -4016(call)X -4161(syn-)X -555 2406(chronization)N -980(performance)X -1411(as)X -1502(a)X -1562(percentage)X -1935(of)X -2026(the)X -2148(spinlock)X -2443(performance.)X -2914(For)X -3049(example,)X -3365(in)X -3451(the)X -3573(1)X -3637(disk)X -3794(case,)X -3977(the)X -4098(kernel)X -555 2496(call)N -697(implementation)X -1225(achieved)X -1537(4.4)X -1662(TPS)X -1824(\(transactions)X -2259(per)X -2387(second\))X -2662(while)X -2865(the)X -2988(semaphore)X -3361(implementation)X -3888(achieved)X -4199(4.6)X -555 2586(TPS,)N -735(and)X -874(the)X -995(relative)X -1259(performance)X -1689(of)X -1779(the)X -1900(kernel)X -2123(synchronization)X -2657(is)X -2732(96%)X -2901(that)X -3043(of)X -3132(the)X -3252(spinlock)X -3545(\(100)X -3714(*)X -3776(4.4)X -3898(/)X -3942(4.6\).)X -4111(There)X -555 2676(are)N -674(two)X -814(striking)X -1078(observations)X -1503(from)X -1679(these)X -1864(results:)X -10 f -635 2799(g)N -1 f -755(even)X -927(when)X -1121(the)X -1239(system)X -1481(is)X -1554(disk)X -1707(bound,)X -1947(the)X -2065(CPU)X -2240(cost)X -2389(of)X -2476(synchronization)X -3008(is)X -3081(noticeable,)X -3451(and)X -10 f -635 2922(g)N -1 f -755(when)X -949(we)X -1063(are)X -1182(CPU)X -1357(bound,)X -1597(the)X -1715(difference)X -2062(is)X -2135(dramatic)X -2436(\(67%\).)X -3 f -555 3108(4.4.)N -715(Transaction)X -1148(Protected)X -1499(Access)X -1747(Methods)X -1 f -755 3231(The)N -903(B-tree)X -1127(and)X -1266(\256xed)X -1449(length)X -1671(recno)X -1872(\(record)X -2127(number\))X -2421(access)X -2649(methods)X -2942(have)X -3116(been)X -3290(modi\256ed)X -3596(to)X -3680(provide)X -3947(transaction)X -555 3321(protection.)N -941(Whereas)X -1244(the)X -1363(previously)X -1722(published)X -2054(interface)X -2357(to)X -2440(the)X -2559(access)X -2786(routines)X -3065(had)X -3202(separate)X -3487(open)X -3664(calls)X -3832(for)X -3946(each)X -4114(of)X -4201(the)X -10 f -555 3507(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -1 Dt -2978 5036 MXY - 2978 5036 lineto - 2978 4662 lineto - 3093 4662 lineto - 3093 5036 lineto - 2978 5036 lineto -closepath 21 2978 4662 3093 5036 Dp -2518 MX - 2518 5036 lineto - 2518 3960 lineto - 2633 3960 lineto - 2633 5036 lineto - 2518 5036 lineto -closepath 3 2518 3960 2633 5036 Dp -2059 MX - 2059 5036 lineto - 2059 3946 lineto - 2174 3946 lineto - 2174 5036 lineto - 2059 5036 lineto -closepath 1 2059 3946 2174 5036 Dp -3 f -7 s -2912 5141(Read-only)N -1426 3767(of)N -1487(Spinlock)X -1710(Throughput)X -1480 3710(Throughput)N -1786(as)X -1850(a)X -1892(%)X -11 s -1670 4843(20)N -1670 4614(40)N -1670 4384(60)N -1670 4155(80)N -1648 3925(100)N -7 s -2041 5141(1)N -2083(Disk)X -2490(2)X -2532(Disks)X -5 Dt -1829 5036 MXY -1494 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -1829 4806 MXY -1494 0 Dl -1829 4577 MXY -1494 0 Dl -1829 4347 MXY -1494 0 Dl -1829 4118 MXY -1494 0 Dl -1829 3888 MXY -1494 0 Dl -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -555 5360(Figure)N -753(5:)X -823(Kernel)X -1028(Overhead)X -1315(for)X -1413(System)X -1625(Call)X -1756(Synchronization.)X -1 f -2254(The)X -2370(performance)X -2708(of)X -2778(the)X -2873(kernel)X -3049(call)X -3158(synchronization)X -3583(is)X -3643(expressed)X -3911(as)X -3980(a)X -4024(percentage)X -555 5450(of)N -625(the)X -720(spinlock)X -954(synchronization)X -1379(performance.)X -1749(In)X -1819(disk)X -1943(bound)X -2120(cases)X -2271(\(1)X -2341(Disk)X -2479(and)X -2588(2)X -2637(Disks\),)X -2837(we)X -2928(see)X -3026(that)X -3139(4-6%)X -3294(of)X -3364(the)X -3459(performance)X -3797(is)X -3857(lost)X -3966(due)X -4074(to)X -4140(kernel)X -555 5540(calls)N -688(while)X -846(in)X -912(the)X -1006(CPU)X -1147(bound)X -1323(case,)X -1464(we)X -1554(have)X -1690(lost)X -1799(67%)X -1932(of)X -2001(the)X -2095(performance)X -2432(due)X -2540(to)X -2606(kernel)X -2781(calls.)X - -10 p -%%Page: 10 10 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -1 f -555 630(access)N -781(methods,)X -1092(we)X -1206(now)X -1364(have)X -1536(an)X -1632(integrated)X -1973(open)X -2149(call)X -2285(with)X -2447(the)X -2565(following)X -2896(calling)X -3134(conventions:)X -7 f -715 753(DB)N -859(*dbopen)X -1243(\(const)X -1579(char)X -1819(*file,)X -2155(int)X -2347(flags,)X -2683(int)X -2875(mode,)X -3163(DBTYPE)X -3499(type,)X -1291 843(int)N -1483(dbflags,)X -1915(const)X -2203(void)X -2443(*openinfo\))X -1 f -555 966(where)N -2 f -774(\256le)X -1 f -894(is)X -969(the)X -1089(name)X -1285(of)X -1374(the)X -1494(\256le)X -1618(being)X -1818(opened,)X -2 f -2092(\257ags)X -1 f -2265(and)X -2 f -2402(mode)X -1 f -2597(are)X -2717(the)X -2836(standard)X -3129(arguments)X -3484(to)X -3 f -3567(open)X -1 f -3731(\(2\),)X -2 f -3866(type)X -1 f -4021(is)X -4095(one)X -4232(of)X -555 1056(the)N -680(access)X -913(method)X -1180(types,)X -2 f -1396(db\257ags)X -1 f -1654(indicates)X -1966(the)X -2091(mode)X -2296(of)X -2390(the)X -2515(buffer)X -2739(pool)X -2907(and)X -3049(transaction)X -3427(protection,)X -3798(and)X -2 f -3940(openinfo)X -1 f -4246(is)X -555 1146(the)N -681(access)X -915(method)X -1183(speci\256c)X -1456(information.)X -1902(Currently,)X -2257(the)X -2383(possible)X -2673(values)X -2906(for)X -2 f -3028(db\257ags)X -1 f -3287(are)X -3414(DB_SHARED)X -3912(and)X -4055(DB_TP)X -555 1236(indicating)N -895(that)X -1035(buffers)X -1283(should)X -1516(be)X -1612(kept)X -1770(in)X -1852(a)X -1908(shared)X -2138(buffer)X -2355(pool)X -2517(and)X -2653(that)X -2793(the)X -2911(\256le)X -3033(should)X -3266(be)X -3362(transaction)X -3734(protected.)X -755 1359(The)N -900(modi\256cations)X -1355(required)X -1643(to)X -1725(add)X -1861(transaction)X -2233(protection)X -2578(to)X -2660(an)X -2756(access)X -2982(method)X -3242(are)X -3361(quite)X -3541(simple)X -3774(and)X -3910(localized.)X -715 1482(1.)N -795(Replace)X -1074(\256le)X -2 f -1196(open)X -1 f -1372(with)X -2 f -1534(buf_open)X -1 f -1832(.)X -715 1572(2.)N -795(Replace)X -1074(\256le)X -2 f -1196(read)X -1 f -1363(and)X -2 f -1499(write)X -1 f -1683(calls)X -1850(with)X -2012(buffer)X -2229(manager)X -2526(calls)X -2693(\()X -2 f -2720(buf_get)X -1 f -(,)S -2 f -3000(buf_unpin)X -1 f -3324(\).)X -715 1662(3.)N -795(Precede)X -1070(buffer)X -1287(manager)X -1584(calls)X -1751(with)X -1913(an)X -2009(appropriate)X -2395(\(read)X -2581(or)X -2668(write\))X -2880(lock)X -3038(call.)X -715 1752(4.)N -795(Before)X -1034(updates,)X -1319(issue)X -1499(a)X -1555(logging)X -1819(operation.)X -715 1842(5.)N -795(After)X -985(data)X -1139(have)X -1311(been)X -1483(accessed,)X -1805(release)X -2049(the)X -2167(buffer)X -2384(manager)X -2681(pin.)X -715 1932(6.)N -795(Provide)X -1064(undo/redo)X -1409(code)X -1581(for)X -1695(each)X -1863(type)X -2021(of)X -2108(log)X -2230(record)X -2456(de\256ned.)X -555 2071(The)N -702(following)X -1035(code)X -1209(fragments)X -1552(show)X -1743(how)X -1903(to)X -1987(transaction)X -2361(protect)X -2606(several)X -2856(updates)X -3123(to)X -3206(a)X -3263(B-tree.)X -7 s -3484 2039(3)N -10 s -3533 2071(In)N -3621(the)X -3740(unprotected)X -4140(case,)X -555 2161(an)N -652(open)X -829(call)X -966(is)X -1040(followed)X -1346(by)X -1447(a)X -1504(read)X -1664(call)X -1801(to)X -1884(obtain)X -2105(the)X -2224(meta-data)X -2562(for)X -2677(the)X -2796(B-tree.)X -3058(Instead,)X -3331(we)X -3446(issue)X -3627(an)X -3724(open)X -3901(to)X -3984(the)X -4102(buffer)X -555 2251(manager)N -852(to)X -934(obtain)X -1154(a)X -1210(\256le)X -1332(id)X -1414(and)X -1550(a)X -1606(buffer)X -1823(request)X -2075(to)X -2157(obtain)X -2377(the)X -2495(meta-data)X -2832(as)X -2919(shown)X -3148(below.)X -7 f -715 2374(char)N -955(*path;)X -715 2464(int)N -907(fid,)X -1147(flags,)X -1483(len,)X -1723(mode;)X -715 2644(/*)N -859(Obtain)X -1195(a)X -1291(file)X -1531(id)X -1675(with)X -1915(which)X -2203(to)X -2347(access)X -2683(the)X -2875(buffer)X -3211(pool)X -3451(*/)X -715 2734(fid)N -907(=)X -1003(buf_open\(path,)X -1723(flags,)X -2059(mode\);)X -715 2914(/*)N -859(Read)X -1099(the)X -1291(meta)X -1531(data)X -1771(\(page)X -2059(0\))X -2203(for)X -2395(the)X -2587(B-tree)X -2923(*/)X -715 3004(if)N -859(\(tp_lock\(fid,)X -1531(0,)X -1675(READ_LOCK\)\))X -1003 3094(return)N -1339(error;)X -715 3184(meta_data_ptr)N -1387(=)X -1483(buf_get\(fid,)X -2107(0,)X -2251(BF_PIN,)X -2635(&len\);)X -1 f -555 3307(The)N -714(BF_PIN)X -1014(argument)X -1350(to)X -2 f -1445(buf_get)X -1 f -1718(indicates)X -2036(that)X -2189(we)X -2316(wish)X -2500(to)X -2595(leave)X -2798(this)X -2946(page)X -3131(pinned)X -3382(in)X -3477(memory)X -3777(so)X -3881(that)X -4034(it)X -4111(is)X -4197(not)X -555 3397(swapped)N -862(out)X -990(while)X -1194(we)X -1314(are)X -1439(accessing)X -1772(it.)X -1881(The)X -2031(last)X -2167(argument)X -2495(to)X -2 f -2582(buf_get)X -1 f -2847(returns)X -3095(the)X -3218(number)X -3488(of)X -3580(bytes)X -3774(on)X -3879(the)X -4002(page)X -4179(that)X -555 3487(were)N -732(valid)X -912(so)X -1003(that)X -1143(the)X -1261(access)X -1487(method)X -1747(may)X -1905(initialize)X -2205(the)X -2323(page)X -2495(if)X -2564(necessary.)X -755 3610(Next,)N -955(consider)X -1251(inserting)X -1555(a)X -1615(record)X -1845(on)X -1949(a)X -2009(particular)X -2341(page)X -2517(of)X -2608(a)X -2668(B-tree.)X -2932(In)X -3022(the)X -3143(unprotected)X -3545(case,)X -3727(we)X -3844(read)X -4006(the)X -4127(page,)X -555 3700(call)N -2 f -693(_bt_insertat)X -1 f -1079(,)X -1121(and)X -1258(write)X -1444(the)X -1563(page.)X -1776(Instead,)X -2049(we)X -2164(lock)X -2323(the)X -2442(page,)X -2635(request)X -2888(the)X -3007(buffer,)X -3245(log)X -3368(the)X -3487(change,)X -3756(modify)X -4008(the)X -4127(page,)X -555 3790(and)N -691(release)X -935(the)X -1053(buffer.)X -7 f -715 3913(int)N -907(fid,)X -1147(len,)X -1387(pageno;)X -1867(/*)X -2011(Identifies)X -2539(the)X -2731(buffer)X -3067(*/)X -715 4003(int)N -907(index;)X -1867(/*)X -2011(Location)X -2443(at)X -2587(which)X -2875(to)X -3019(insert)X -3355(the)X -3547(new)X -3739(pair)X -3979(*/)X -715 4093(DBT)N -907(*keyp,)X -1243(*datap;)X -1867(/*)X -2011(Key/Data)X -2443(pair)X -2683(to)X -2827(be)X -2971(inserted)X -3403(*/)X -715 4183(DATUM)N -1003(*d;)X -1867(/*)X -2011(Key/data)X -2443(structure)X -2923(to)X -3067(insert)X -3403(*/)X -715 4363(/*)N -859(Lock)X -1099(and)X -1291(request)X -1675(the)X -1867(buffer)X -2203(*/)X -715 4453(if)N -859(\(tp_lock\(fid,)X -1531(pageno,)X -1915(WRITE_LOCK\)\))X -1003 4543(return)N -1339(error;)X -715 4633(buffer_ptr)N -1243(=)X -1339(buf_get\(fid,)X -1963(pageno,)X -2347(BF_PIN,)X -2731(&len\);)X -715 4813(/*)N -859(Log)X -1051(and)X -1243(perform)X -1627(the)X -1819(update)X -2155(*/)X -715 4903(log_insdel\(BTREE_INSERT,)N -1915(fid,)X -2155(pageno,)X -2539(keyp,)X -2827(datap\);)X -715 4993(_bt_insertat\(buffer_ptr,)N -1915(d,)X -2059(index\);)X -715 5083(buf_unpin\(buffer_ptr\);)N -1 f -555 5206(Succinctly,)N -942(the)X -1068(algorithm)X -1407(for)X -1529(turning)X -1788(unprotected)X -2195(code)X -2375(into)X -2527(protected)X -2854(code)X -3034(is)X -3115(to)X -3205(replace)X -3466(read)X -3633(operations)X -3995(with)X -2 f -4165(lock)X -1 f -555 5296(and)N -2 f -691(buf_get)X -1 f -951(operations)X -1305(and)X -1441(write)X -1626(operations)X -1980(with)X -2 f -2142(log)X -1 f -2264(and)X -2 f -2400(buf_unpin)X -1 f -2744(operations.)X -8 s -10 f -555 5458(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)N -5 s -1 f -727 5536(3)N -8 s -766 5561(The)N -884(following)X -1152(code)X -1291(fragments)X -1565(are)X -1661(examples,)X -1937(but)X -2038(do)X -2120(not)X -2220(de\256ne)X -2394(the)X -2490(\256nal)X -2622(interface.)X -2894(The)X -3011(\256nal)X -3143(interface)X -3383(will)X -3501(be)X -3579(determined)X -3884(after)X -4018(LIBTP)X -4214(has)X -555 5633(been)N -691(fully)X -828(integrated)X -1099(with)X -1229(the)X -1323(most)X -1464(recent)X -3 f -1635(db)X -1 f -1707(\(3\))X -1797(release)X -1989(from)X -2129(the)X -2223(Computer)X -2495(Systems)X -2725(Research)X -2974(Group)X -3153(at)X -3215(University)X -3501(of)X -3570(California,)X -3861(Berkeley.)X - -11 p -%%Page: 11 11 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -555 630(5.)N -655(Performance)X -1 f -755 753(In)N -845(this)X -983(section,)X -1253(we)X -1370(present)X -1625(the)X -1746(results)X -1978(of)X -2067(two)X -2209(very)X -2374(different)X -2673(benchmarks.)X -3103(The)X -3250(\256rst)X -3396(is)X -3471(an)X -3569(online)X -3791(transaction)X -4165(pro-)X -555 843(cessing)N -824(benchmark,)X -1234(similar)X -1489(to)X -1584(the)X -1715(standard)X -2020(TPCB,)X -2272(but)X -2407(has)X -2547(been)X -2732(adapted)X -3015(to)X -3110(run)X -3250(in)X -3345(a)X -3414(desktop)X -3696(environment.)X -4174(The)X -555 933(second)N -798(emulates)X -1103(a)X -1159(computer-aided)X -1683(design)X -1912(environment)X -2337(and)X -2473(provides)X -2769(more)X -2954(complex)X -3250(query)X -3453(processing.)X -3 f -555 1119(5.1.)N -715(Transaction)X -1148(Processing)X -1533(Benchmark)X -1 f -755 1242(For)N -887(this)X -1023(section,)X -1291(all)X -1392(performance)X -1820(numbers)X -2117(shown)X -2346(except)X -2576(for)X -2690(the)X -2808(commercial)X -3207(database)X -3504(system)X -3746(were)X -3923(obtained)X -4219(on)X -555 1332(a)N -614(DECstation)X -1009(5000/200)X -1333(with)X -1497(32MBytes)X -1852(of)X -1941(memory)X -2230(running)X -2501(Ultrix)X -2714(V4.0,)X -2914(accessing)X -3244(a)X -3302(DEC)X -3484(RZ57)X -3688(1GByte)X -3959(disk)X -4114(drive.)X -555 1422(The)N -720(commercial)X -1139(relational)X -1482(database)X -1799(system)X -2061(tests)X -2242(were)X -2438(run)X -2584(on)X -2703(a)X -2778(comparable)X -3192(machine,)X -3523(a)X -3598(Sparcstation)X -4033(1+)X -4157(with)X -555 1512(32MBytes)N -915(memory)X -1209(and)X -1352(a)X -1415(1GByte)X -1691(external)X -1976(disk)X -2135(drive.)X -2366(The)X -2517(database,)X -2840(binaries)X -3120(and)X -3262(log)X -3390(resided)X -3648(on)X -3754(the)X -3878(same)X -4069(device.)X -555 1602(Reported)N -869(times)X -1062(are)X -1181(the)X -1299(means)X -1524(of)X -1611(\256ve)X -1751(tests)X -1913(and)X -2049(have)X -2221(standard)X -2513(deviations)X -2862(within)X -3086(two)X -3226(percent)X -3483(of)X -3570(the)X -3688(mean.)X -755 1725(The)N -905(test)X -1041(database)X -1343(was)X -1493(con\256gured)X -1861(according)X -2203(to)X -2290(the)X -2413(TPCB)X -2637(scaling)X -2889(rules)X -3070(for)X -3189(a)X -3250(10)X -3355(transaction)X -3732(per)X -3860(second)X -4108(\(TPS\))X -555 1815(system)N -817(with)X -999(1,000,000)X -1359(account)X -1649(records,)X -1946(100)X -2106(teller)X -2311(records,)X -2607(and)X -2762(10)X -2881(branch)X -3139(records.)X -3455(Where)X -3709(TPS)X -3885(numbers)X -4200(are)X -555 1905(reported,)N -865(we)X -981(are)X -1102(running)X -1373(a)X -1431(modi\256ed)X -1737(version)X -1995(of)X -2084(the)X -2203(industry)X -2486(standard)X -2779(transaction)X -3152(processing)X -3516(benchmark,)X -3914(TPCB.)X -4174(The)X -555 1995(TPCB)N -780(benchmark)X -1163(simulates)X -1491(a)X -1553(withdrawal)X -1940(performed)X -2301(by)X -2407(a)X -2469(hypothetical)X -2891(teller)X -3082(at)X -3166(a)X -3228(hypothetical)X -3650(bank.)X -3872(The)X -4022(database)X -555 2085(consists)N -831(of)X -921(relations)X -1220(\(\256les\))X -1430(for)X -1547(accounts,)X -1871(branches,)X -2200(tellers,)X -2439(and)X -2578(history.)X -2863(For)X -2997(each)X -3168(transaction,)X -3563(the)X -3684(account,)X -3976(teller,)X -4183(and)X -555 2175(branch)N -795(balances)X -1093(must)X -1269(be)X -1366(updated)X -1641(to)X -1724(re\257ect)X -1946(the)X -2065(withdrawal)X -2447(and)X -2584(a)X -2640(history)X -2882(record)X -3108(is)X -3181(written)X -3428(which)X -3644(contains)X -3931(the)X -4049(account)X -555 2265(id,)N -657(branch)X -896(id,)X -998(teller)X -1183(id,)X -1285(and)X -1421(the)X -1539(amount)X -1799(of)X -1886(the)X -2004(withdrawal)X -2385([TPCB90].)X -755 2388(Our)N -914(implementation)X -1450(of)X -1551(the)X -1683(benchmark)X -2074(differs)X -2317(from)X -2506(the)X -2637(speci\256cation)X -3075(in)X -3170(several)X -3431(aspects.)X -3736(The)X -3894(speci\256cation)X -555 2478(requires)N -840(that)X -985(the)X -1108(database)X -1410(keep)X -1587(redundant)X -1933(logs)X -2091(on)X -2196(different)X -2498(devices,)X -2784(but)X -2911(we)X -3030(use)X -3162(a)X -3223(single)X -3439(log.)X -3606(Furthermore,)X -4052(all)X -4157(tests)X -555 2568(were)N -734(run)X -863(on)X -965(a)X -1023(single,)X -1256(centralized)X -1631(system)X -1875(so)X -1968(there)X -2151(is)X -2226(no)X -2328(notion)X -2553(of)X -2641(remote)X -2885(accesses.)X -3219(Finally,)X -3486(we)X -3601(calculated)X -3948(throughput)X -555 2658(by)N -662(dividing)X -955(the)X -1080(total)X -1249(elapsed)X -1517(time)X -1686(by)X -1793(the)X -1918(number)X -2190(of)X -2284(transactions)X -2694(processed)X -3038(rather)X -3253(than)X -3418(by)X -3525(computing)X -3894(the)X -4018(response)X -555 2748(time)N -717(for)X -831(each)X -999(transaction.)X -755 2871(The)N -912(performance)X -1351(comparisons)X -1788(focus)X -1993(on)X -2104(traditional)X -2464(Unix)X -2655(techniques)X -3029(\(unprotected,)X -3486(using)X -3 f -3690(\257ock)X -1 f -3854(\(2\))X -3979(and)X -4126(using)X -3 f -555 2961(fsync)N -1 f -733(\(2\)\))X -884(and)X -1030(a)X -1096(commercial)X -1504(relational)X -1836(database)X -2142(system.)X -2433(Well-behaved)X -2913(applications)X -3329(using)X -3 f -3531(\257ock)X -1 f -3695(\(2\))X -3818(are)X -3946(guaranteed)X -555 3051(that)N -704(concurrent)X -1077(processes')X -1441(updates)X -1715(do)X -1824(not)X -1955(interact)X -2225(with)X -2396(one)X -2541(another,)X -2831(but)X -2962(no)X -3070(guarantees)X -3442(about)X -3648(atomicity)X -3978(are)X -4105(made.)X -555 3141(That)N -731(is,)X -833(if)X -911(the)X -1038(system)X -1289(crashes)X -1555(in)X -1646(mid-transaction,)X -2198(only)X -2369(parts)X -2554(of)X -2649(that)X -2797(transaction)X -3177(will)X -3329(be)X -3433(re\257ected)X -3738(in)X -3828(the)X -3954 0.3125(after-crash)AX -555 3231(state)N -725(of)X -815(the)X -936(database.)X -1276(The)X -1424(use)X -1554(of)X -3 f -1643(fsync)X -1 f -1821(\(2\))X -1937(at)X -2017(transaction)X -2391(commit)X -2657(time)X -2821(provides)X -3119(guarantees)X -3485(of)X -3574(durability)X -3907(after)X -4077(system)X -555 3321(failure.)N -825(However,)X -1160(there)X -1341(is)X -1414(no)X -1514(mechanism)X -1899(to)X -1981(perform)X -2260(transaction)X -2632(abort.)X -3 f -555 3507(5.1.1.)N -775(Single-User)X -1191(Tests)X -1 f -755 3630(These)N -978(tests)X -1151(compare)X -1459(LIBTP)X -1712(in)X -1804(a)X -1870(variety)X -2123(of)X -2220(con\256gurations)X -2708(to)X -2800(traditional)X -3159(UNIX)X -3390(solutions)X -3708(and)X -3854(a)X -3920(commercial)X -555 3720(relational)N -884(database)X -1187(system)X -1435(\(RDBMS\).)X -1814(To)X -1929(demonstrate)X -2347(the)X -2471(server)X -2694(architecture)X -3100(we)X -3220(built)X -3392(a)X -3454(front)X -3636(end)X -3777(test)X -3913(process)X -4179(that)X -555 3810(uses)N -732(TCL)X -922([OUST90])X -1304(to)X -1405(parse)X -1614(database)X -1930(access)X -2175(commands)X -2561(and)X -2716(call)X -2870(the)X -3006(database)X -3321(access)X -3565(routines.)X -3901(In)X -4006(one)X -4160(case)X -555 3900(\(SERVER\),)N -956(frontend)X -1249(and)X -1386(backend)X -1675(processes)X -2004(were)X -2181(created)X -2434(which)X -2650(communicated)X -3142(via)X -3260(an)X -3356(IP)X -3447(socket.)X -3712(In)X -3799(the)X -3917(second)X -4160(case)X -555 3990(\(TCL\),)N -802(a)X -860(single)X -1073(process)X -1336(read)X -1497(queries)X -1751(from)X -1929(standard)X -2223(input,)X -2429(parsed)X -2660(them,)X -2861(and)X -2998(called)X -3211(the)X -3330(database)X -3628(access)X -3855(routines.)X -4174(The)X -555 4080(performance)N -987(difference)X -1338(between)X -1630(the)X -1752(TCL)X -1927(and)X -2067(SERVER)X -2397(tests)X -2563(quanti\256es)X -2898(the)X -3020(communication)X -3542(overhead)X -3861(of)X -3952(the)X -4074(socket.)X -555 4170(The)N -732(RDBMS)X -1063(implementation)X -1617(used)X -1816(embedded)X -2198(SQL)X -2401(in)X -2515(C)X -2620(with)X -2814(stored)X -3062(database)X -3391(procedures.)X -3835(Therefore,)X -4224(its)X -555 4260(con\256guration)N -1003(is)X -1076(a)X -1132(hybrid)X -1361(of)X -1448(the)X -1566(single)X -1777(process)X -2038(architecture)X -2438(and)X -2574(the)X -2692(server)X -2909(architecture.)X -3349(The)X -3494(graph)X -3697(in)X -3779(\256gure)X -3986(six)X -4099(shows)X -555 4350(a)N -611(comparison)X -1005(of)X -1092(the)X -1210(following)X -1541(six)X -1654(con\256gurations:)X -1126 4506(LIBTP)N -1552(Uses)X -1728(the)X -1846(LIBTP)X -2088(library)X -2322(in)X -2404(a)X -2460(single)X -2671(application.)X -1126 4596(TCL)N -1552(Uses)X -1728(the)X -1846(LIBTP)X -2088(library)X -2322(in)X -2404(a)X -2460(single)X -2671(application,)X -3067(requires)X -3346(query)X -3549(parsing.)X -1126 4686(SERVER)N -1552(Uses)X -1728(the)X -1846(LIBTP)X -2088(library)X -2322(in)X -2404(a)X -2460(server)X -2677(con\256guration,)X -3144(requires)X -3423(query)X -3626(parsing.)X -1126 4776(NOTP)N -1552(Uses)X -1728(no)X -1828(locking,)X -2108(logging,)X -2392(or)X -2479(concurrency)X -2897(control.)X -1126 4866(FLOCK)N -1552(Uses)X -3 f -1728(\257ock)X -1 f -1892(\(2\))X -2006(for)X -2120(concurrency)X -2538(control)X -2785(and)X -2921(nothing)X -3185(for)X -3299(durability.)X -1126 4956(FSYNC)N -1552(Uses)X -3 f -1728(fsync)X -1 f -1906(\(2\))X -2020(for)X -2134(durability)X -2465(and)X -2601(nothing)X -2865(for)X -2979(concurrency)X -3397(control.)X -1126 5046(RDBMS)N -1552(Uses)X -1728(a)X -1784(commercial)X -2183(relational)X -2506(database)X -2803(system.)X -755 5235(The)N -902(results)X -1133(show)X -1324(that)X -1466(LIBTP,)X -1730(both)X -1894(in)X -1978(the)X -2098(procedural)X -2464(and)X -2602(parsed)X -2834(environments,)X -3312(is)X -3387(competitive)X -3787(with)X -3951(a)X -4009(commer-)X -555 5325(cial)N -692(system)X -935(\(comparing)X -1326(LIBTP,)X -1589(TCL,)X -1781(and)X -1917(RDBMS\).)X -2263(Compared)X -2617(to)X -2699(existing)X -2972(UNIX)X -3193(solutions,)X -3521(LIBTP)X -3763(is)X -3836(approximately)X -555 5415(15%)N -738(slower)X -988(than)X -1162(using)X -3 f -1371(\257ock)X -1 f -1535(\(2\))X -1665(or)X -1768(no)X -1884(protection)X -2245(but)X -2383(over)X -2562(80%)X -2745(better)X -2964(than)X -3137(using)X -3 f -3345(fsync)X -1 f -3523(\(2\))X -3652(\(comparing)X -4057(LIBTP,)X -555 5505(FLOCK,)N -857(NOTP,)X -1106(and)X -1242(FSYNC\).)X - -12 p -%%Page: 12 12 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -8 s -3500 2184(RDBMS)N -1 Dt -3553 2085 MXY - 3553 2085 lineto - 3676 2085 lineto - 3676 1351 lineto - 3553 1351 lineto - 3553 2085 lineto -closepath 16 3553 1351 3676 2085 Dp -2018 2184(SERVER)N -1720 1168 MXY -0 917 Dl -122 0 Dl -0 -917 Dl --122 0 Dl -1715 2184(TCL)N -2087 1534 MXY - 2087 1534 lineto - 2209 1534 lineto - 2209 2085 lineto - 2087 2085 lineto - 2087 1534 lineto -closepath 12 2087 1534 2209 2085 Dp -3187 MX - 3187 1534 lineto - 3309 1534 lineto - 3309 2085 lineto - 3187 2085 lineto - 3187 1534 lineto -closepath 19 3187 1534 3309 2085 Dp -3142 2184(FSYNC)N -2425(NOTP)X -2453 955 MXY - 2453 955 lineto - 2576 955 lineto - 2576 2085 lineto - 2453 2085 lineto - 2453 955 lineto -closepath 21 2453 955 2576 2085 Dp -2820 1000 MXY - 2820 1000 lineto - 2942 1000 lineto - 2942 2085 lineto - 2820 2085 lineto - 2820 1000 lineto -closepath 14 2820 1000 2942 2085 Dp -5 Dt -1231 2085 MXY -2567 0 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -1231 1840 MXY -2567 0 Dl -1231 1596 MXY -2567 0 Dl -1231 1351 MXY -2567 0 Dl -1231 1108 MXY -2567 0 Dl -1231 863 MXY -2567 0 Dl -11 s -1087 1877(2)N -1087 1633(4)N -1087 1388(6)N -1087 1145(8)N -1065 900(10)N -1028 763(TPS)N --1 Ds -1353 2085 MXY - 1353 2085 lineto - 1353 1151 lineto - 1476 1151 lineto - 1476 2085 lineto - 1353 2085 lineto -closepath 3 1353 1151 1476 2085 Dp -8 s -1318 2184(LIBTP)N -2767(FLOCK)X -3 Dt --1 Ds -10 s -1597 2399(Figure)N -1844(6:)X -1931(Single-User)X -2347(Performance)X -2814(Comparison.)X -1 f -10 f -555 2579(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -3 f -555 2855(5.1.2.)N -775(Multi-User)X -1174(Tests)X -1 f -755 2978(While)N -975(the)X -1097(single-user)X -1473(tests)X -1639(form)X -1819(a)X -1878(basis)X -2061(for)X -2178(comparing)X -2544(LIBTP)X -2789(to)X -2874(other)X -3062(systems,)X -3358(our)X -3488(goal)X -3649(in)X -3734(multi-user)X -4086(testing)X -555 3068(was)N -714(to)X -810(analyze)X -1089(its)X -1197(scalability.)X -1579(To)X -1701(this)X -1849(end,)X -2018(we)X -2145(have)X -2330(run)X -2470(the)X -2601(benchmark)X -2991(in)X -3086(three)X -3280(modes,)X -3542(the)X -3673(normal)X -3933(disk)X -4099(bound)X -555 3158(con\256guration)N -1010(\(\256gure)X -1252(seven\),)X -1510(a)X -1573(CPU)X -1755(bound)X -1982(con\256guration)X -2436(\(\256gure)X -2677(eight,)X -2884(READ-ONLY\),)X -3426(and)X -3569(lock)X -3734(contention)X -4099(bound)X -555 3248(\(\256gure)N -796(eight,)X -1003(NO_FSYNC\).)X -1510(Since)X -1715(the)X -1840(normal)X -2094(con\256guration)X -2548(is)X -2628(completely)X -3011(disk)X -3171(bound)X -3398(\(each)X -3600(transaction)X -3978(requires)X -4263(a)X -555 3354(random)N -823(read,)X -1005(a)X -1064(random)X -1332(write,)X -1540(and)X -1679(a)X -1738(sequential)X -2086(write)X -7 s -2251 3322(4)N -10 s -3354(\))Y -2329(we)X -2446(expect)X -2679(to)X -2764(see)X -2890(little)X -3059(performance)X -3489(improvement)X -3939(as)X -4028(the)X -4148(mul-)X -555 3444(tiprogramming)N -1064(level)X -1249(increases.)X -1613(In)X -1709(fact,)X -1879(\256gure)X -2095(seven)X -2307(reveals)X -2564(that)X -2713(we)X -2836(are)X -2964(able)X -3127(to)X -3218(overlap)X -3487(CPU)X -3670(and)X -3814(disk)X -3975(utilization)X -555 3534(slightly)N -825(producing)X -1181(approximately)X -1674(a)X -1740(10%)X -1917(performance)X -2354(improvement)X -2811(with)X -2983(two)X -3133(processes.)X -3511(After)X -3711(that)X -3861(point,)X -4075(perfor-)X -555 3624(mance)N -785(drops)X -983(off,)X -1117(and)X -1253(at)X -1331(a)X -1387(multi-programming)X -2038(level)X -2214(of)X -2301(4,)X -2381(we)X -2495(are)X -2614(performing)X -2995(worse)X -3207(than)X -3365(in)X -3447(the)X -3565(single)X -3776(process)X -4037(case.)X -755 3747(Similar)N -1021(behavior)X -1333(was)X -1489(reported)X -1787(on)X -1897(the)X -2025(commercial)X -2434(relational)X -2767(database)X -3074(system)X -3326(using)X -3529(the)X -3657(same)X -3852(con\256guration.)X -555 3837(The)N -707(important)X -1045(conclusion)X -1419(to)X -1508(draw)X -1696(from)X -1879(this)X -2021(is)X -2101(that)X -2248(you)X -2395(cannot)X -2636(attain)X -2841(good)X -3028(multi-user)X -3384(scaling)X -3638(on)X -3745(a)X -3808(badly)X -4013(balanced)X -555 3927(system.)N -839(If)X -915(multi-user)X -1266(performance)X -1695(on)X -1797(applications)X -2205(of)X -2293(this)X -2429(sort)X -2570(is)X -2644(important,)X -2996(one)X -3133(must)X -3309(have)X -3482(a)X -3539(separate)X -3824(logging)X -4089(device)X -555 4017(and)N -697(horizontally)X -1110(partition)X -1407(the)X -1531(database)X -1834(to)X -1921(allow)X -2124(a)X -2185(suf\256ciently)X -2570(high)X -2737(degree)X -2977(of)X -3069(multiprogramming)X -3698(that)X -3843(group)X -4055(commit)X -555 4107(can)N -687(amortize)X -988(the)X -1106(cost)X -1255(of)X -1342(log)X -1464(\257ushing.)X -755 4230(By)N -871(using)X -1067(a)X -1126(very)X -1292(small)X -1488(database)X -1788(\(one)X -1954(that)X -2097(can)X -2232(be)X -2331(entirely)X -2599(cached)X -2846(in)X -2930(main)X -3112(memory\))X -3428(and)X -3566(read-only)X -3896(transactions,)X -555 4320(we)N -670(generated)X -1004(a)X -1061(CPU)X -1236(bound)X -1456(environment.)X -1921(By)X -2034(using)X -2227(the)X -2345(same)X -2530(small)X -2723(database,)X -3040(the)X -3158(complete)X -3472(TPCB)X -3691(transaction,)X -4083(and)X -4219(no)X -3 f -555 4410(fsync)N -1 f -733(\(2\))X -862(on)X -977(the)X -1110(log)X -1247(at)X -1340(commit,)X -1639(we)X -1768(created)X -2036(a)X -2107(lock)X -2280(contention)X -2652(bound)X -2886(environment.)X -3365(The)X -3524(small)X -3731(database)X -4042(used)X -4223(an)X -555 4500(account)N -828(\256le)X -953(containing)X -1314(only)X -1479(1000)X -1662(records)X -1922(rather)X -2133(than)X -2294(the)X -2415(full)X -2549(1,000,000)X -2891(records)X -3150(and)X -3288(ran)X -3413(enough)X -3671(transactions)X -4076(to)X -4160(read)X -555 4590(the)N -677(entire)X -883(database)X -1183(into)X -1330(the)X -1451(buffer)X -1671(pool)X -1836(\(2000\))X -2073(before)X -2302(beginning)X -2645(measurements.)X -3147(The)X -3295(read-only)X -3626(transaction)X -4001(consisted)X -555 4680(of)N -646(three)X -831(database)X -1132(reads)X -1326(\(from)X -1533(the)X -1655(1000)X -1839(record)X -2069(account)X -2343(\256le,)X -2489(the)X -2611(100)X -2754(record)X -2983(teller)X -3171(\256le,)X -3316(and)X -3455(the)X -3576(10)X -3679(record)X -3908(branch)X -4150(\256le\).)X -555 4770(Since)N -759(no)X -865(data)X -1025(were)X -1208(modi\256ed)X -1518(and)X -1660(no)X -1766(history)X -2014(records)X -2277(were)X -2460(written,)X -2733(no)X -2839(log)X -2966(records)X -3228(were)X -3410(written.)X -3702(For)X -3838(the)X -3961(contention)X -555 4860(bound)N -780(con\256guration,)X -1252(we)X -1371(used)X -1543(the)X -1666(normal)X -1918(TPCB)X -2142(transaction)X -2519(\(against)X -2798(the)X -2920(small)X -3117(database\))X -3445(and)X -3585(disabled)X -3876(the)X -3998(log)X -4124(\257ush.)X -555 4950(Figure)N -784(eight)X -964(shows)X -1184(both)X -1346(of)X -1433(these)X -1618(results.)X -755 5073(The)N -902(read-only)X -1231(test)X -1363(indicates)X -1669(that)X -1810(we)X -1925(barely)X -2147(scale)X -2329(at)X -2408(all)X -2509(in)X -2592(the)X -2711(CPU)X -2887(bound)X -3108(case.)X -3308(The)X -3454(explanation)X -3849(for)X -3964(that)X -4105(is)X -4179(that)X -555 5163(even)N -735(with)X -905(a)X -969(single)X -1188(process,)X -1477(we)X -1599(are)X -1726(able)X -1888(to)X -1978(drive)X -2171(the)X -2297(CPU)X -2480(utilization)X -2832(to)X -2922(96%.)X -3137(As)X -3254(a)X -3317(result,)X -3542(that)X -3689(gives)X -3885(us)X -3983(very)X -4153(little)X -555 5253(room)N -753(for)X -876(improvement,)X -1352(and)X -1497(it)X -1570(takes)X -1764(a)X -1829(multiprogramming)X -2462(level)X -2647(of)X -2743(four)X -2906(to)X -2997(approach)X -3321(100%)X -3537(CPU)X -3721(saturation.)X -4106(In)X -4201(the)X -555 5343(case)N -718(where)X -939(we)X -1057(do)X -1161(perform)X -1444(writes,)X -1684(we)X -1802(are)X -1925(interested)X -2261(in)X -2347(detecting)X -2665(when)X -2863(lock)X -3025(contention)X -3387(becomes)X -3691(a)X -3750(dominant)X -4075(perfor-)X -555 5433(mance)N -787(factor.)X -1037(Contention)X -1414(will)X -1560(cause)X -1761(two)X -1903(phenomena;)X -2317(we)X -2433(will)X -2579(see)X -2704(transactions)X -3109(queueing)X -3425(behind)X -3665(frequently)X -4017(accessed)X -555 5523(data,)N -731(and)X -869(we)X -985(will)X -1131(see)X -1256(transaction)X -1629(abort)X -1815(rates)X -1988(increasing)X -2339(due)X -2476(to)X -2559(deadlock.)X -2910(Given)X -3127(that)X -3268(the)X -3387(branch)X -3627(\256le)X -3750(contains)X -4038(only)X -4201(ten)X -8 s -10 f -555 5595(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)N -5 s -1 f -727 5673(4)N -8 s -763 5698(Although)N -1021(the)X -1115(log)X -1213(is)X -1272(written)X -1469(sequentially,)X -1810(we)X -1900(do)X -1980(not)X -2078(get)X -2172(the)X -2266(bene\256t)X -2456(of)X -2525(sequentiality)X -2868(since)X -3015(the)X -3109(log)X -3207(and)X -3315(database)X -3550(reside)X -3718(on)X -3798(the)X -3892(same)X -4039(disk.)X - -13 p -%%Page: 13 13 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -1 f -3187 2051 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3286 2028 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3384 1926 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3483 1910 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3581 1910 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3680 1832 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3778 1909 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3877 1883 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3975 1679 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -8 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -4074 1487 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -8 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -5 Dt -3187 2060 MXY -99 -24 Dl -98 -101 Dl -99 -16 Dl -98 0 Dl -99 -78 Dl -98 77 Dl -99 -26 Dl -98 -204 Dl -99 -192 Dl -3 f -6 s -4088 1516(SMALL)N -3 Dt -3187 2051 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3286 2051 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3384 2041 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3483 1990 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3581 1843 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -8 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3680 1578 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3778 1496 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3877 1430 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -3975 1269 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -4074 1070 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1 Dt -3187 2060 MXY -99 0 Dl -98 -10 Dl -99 -51 Dl -98 -147 Dl -99 -265 Dl -98 -82 Dl -99 -66 Dl -98 -161 Dl -99 -199 Dl -4088 1099(LARGE)N -5 Dt -3089 2060 MXY -985 0 Dl -3089 MX -0 -1174 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -3581 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -4074 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -3089 1825 MXY -985 0 Dl -9 s -2993 1855(25)N -3089 1591 MXY -985 0 Dl -2993 1621(50)N -3089 1356 MXY -985 0 Dl -2993 1386(75)N -3089 1121 MXY -985 0 Dl -2957 1151(100)N -3089 886 MXY -985 0 Dl -2957 916(125)N -3281 2199(Multiprogramming)N -3071 2152(0)N -3569(5)X -4038(10)X -2859 787(Aborts)N -3089(per)X -3211(500)X -2901 847(transactions)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -2037 1342 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2125 1358 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2213 1341 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2301 1191 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2388 1124 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --17 0 Dl -2476 1157 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2564 1157 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2652 1161 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2740 1153 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2828 1150 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -8 0 Dl --17 0 Dl -5 Dt -2037 1351 MXY -88 16 Dl -88 -17 Dl -88 -150 Dl -87 -67 Dl -88 33 Dl -88 0 Dl -88 4 Dl -88 -8 Dl -88 -3 Dl -6 s -2685 1234(READ-ONLY)N -3 Dt -2037 1464 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2125 1640 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2213 1854 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2301 1872 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2388 1871 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --17 0 Dl -2476 1933 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2564 1914 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2652 1903 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2740 1980 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -2828 2004 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -8 0 Dl --17 0 Dl -1 Dt -2037 1473 MXY -88 176 Dl -88 214 Dl -88 18 Dl -87 -2 Dl -88 63 Dl -88 -19 Dl -88 -11 Dl -88 77 Dl -88 24 Dl -2759 1997(NO-FSYNC)N -5 Dt -1949 2060 MXY -879 0 Dl -1949 MX -0 -1174 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -2388 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -2828 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -1949 1825 MXY -879 0 Dl -9 s -1842 1855(40)N -1949 1591 MXY -879 0 Dl -1842 1621(80)N -1949 1356 MXY -879 0 Dl -1806 1386(120)N -1949 1121 MXY -879 0 Dl -1806 1151(160)N -1949 886 MXY -879 0 Dl -1806 916(200)N -2088 2199(Multiprogramming)N -1844 863(in)N -1922(TPS)X -1761 792(Throughput)N -1931 2121(0)N -2370 2133(5)N -2792(10)X -6 s -1679 1833(LIBTP)N --1 Ds -3 Dt -837 1019 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -929 878 MXY -0 17 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1021 939 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1113 1043 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1205 1314 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1297 1567 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1389 1665 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1481 1699 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1573 1828 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -9 0 Dl --18 0 Dl -1665 1804 MXY -0 18 Dl -0 -9 Dl -8 0 Dl --17 0 Dl -5 Dt -837 1027 MXY -92 -141 Dl -92 62 Dl -92 104 Dl -92 271 Dl -92 253 Dl -92 98 Dl -92 34 Dl -92 129 Dl -92 -24 Dl -745 2060 MXY -920 0 Dl -745 MX -0 -1174 Dl -4 Ds -1 Dt -1205 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -1665 2060 MXY -0 -1174 Dl -745 1766 MXY -920 0 Dl -9 s -673 1796(3)N -745 1473 MXY -920 0 Dl -673 1503(5)N -745 1180 MXY -920 0 Dl -673 1210(8)N -745 886 MXY -920 0 Dl -637 916(10)N -905 2199(Multiprogramming)N -622 851(in)N -700(TPS)X -575 792(Throughput)N -733 2152(0)N -1196(5)X -1629(10)X -3 Dt --1 Ds -8 s -655 2441(Figure)N -872(7:)X -960(Multi-user)X -1286(Performance.)X -1 f -655 2531(Since)N -825(the)X -931(con\256guration)X -1300(is)X -1371(completely)X -655 2621(disk)N -790(bound,)X -994(we)X -1096(see)X -1204(only)X -1345(a)X -1400(small)X -1566(im-)X -655 2711(provement)N -964(by)X -1064(adding)X -1274(a)X -1337(second)X -1549(pro-)X -655 2801(cess.)N -849(Adding)X -1081(any)X -1213(more)X -1383(concurrent)X -655 2891(processes)N -935(causes)X -1137(performance)X -1493(degra-)X -655 2981(dation.)N -3 f -1927 2441(Figure)N -2149(8:)X -2243(Multi-user)X -2574(Performance)X -1927 2531(on)N -2021(a)X -2079(small)X -2251(database.)X -1 f -2551(With)X -2704(one)X -2821(pro-)X -1927 2621(cess,)N -2075(we)X -2174(are)X -2276(driving)X -2486(the)X -2589(CPU)X -2739(at)X -2810(96%)X -1927 2711(utilization)N -2215(leaving)X -2430(little)X -2575(room)X -2737(for)X -2838(im-)X -1927 2801(provement)N -2238(as)X -2328(the)X -2443(multiprogramming)X -1927 2891(level)N -2091(increases.)X -2396(In)X -2489(the)X -2607(NO-FSYNC)X -1927 2981(case,)N -2076(lock)X -2209(contention)X -2502(degrades)X -2751(perfor-)X -1927 3071(mance)N -2117(as)X -2194(soon)X -2339(as)X -2416(a)X -2468(second)X -2669(process)X -2884(is)X -1927 3161(added.)N -3 f -3199 2441(Figure)N -3405(9:)X -3482(Abort)X -3669(rates)X -3827(on)X -3919(the)X -4028(TPCB)X -3199 2531(Benchmark.)N -1 f -3589(The)X -3726(abort)X -3895(rate)X -4028(climbs)X -3199 2621(more)N -3366(quickly)X -3594(for)X -3704(the)X -3818(large)X -3980(database)X -3199 2711(test)N -3324(since)X -3491(processes)X -3771(are)X -3884(descheduled)X -3199 2801(more)N -3409(frequently,)X -3766(allowing)X -4068(more)X -3199 2891(processes)N -3459(to)X -3525(vie)X -3619(for)X -3709(the)X -3803(same)X -3950(locks.)X -10 s -10 f -555 3284(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -1 f -555 3560(records,)N -835(we)X -952(expect)X -1185(contention)X -1546(to)X -1631(become)X -1904(a)X -1963(factor)X -2174(quickly)X -2437(and)X -2576(the)X -2697(NO-FSYNC)X -3120(line)X -3263(in)X -3348(\256gure)X -3557(eight)X -3739(demonstrates)X -4184(this)X -555 3650(dramatically.)N -1022(Each)X -1209(additional)X -1555(process)X -1822(causes)X -2058(both)X -2226(more)X -2417(waiting)X -2682(and)X -2823(more)X -3013(deadlocking.)X -3470(Figure)X -3704(nine)X -3867(shows)X -4092(that)X -4237(in)X -555 3740(the)N -681(small)X -882(database)X -1187(case)X -1353(\(SMALL\),)X -1725(waiting)X -1992(is)X -2072(the)X -2197(dominant)X -2526(cause)X -2732(of)X -2826(declining)X -3151(performance)X -3585(\(the)X -3737(number)X -4009(of)X -4103(aborts)X -555 3830(increases)N -878(less)X -1026(steeply)X -1281(than)X -1447(the)X -1573(performance)X -2008(drops)X -2214(off)X -2336(in)X -2426(\256gure)X -2641(eight\),)X -2876(while)X -3082(in)X -3172(the)X -3298(large)X -3487(database)X -3792(case)X -3958(\(LARGE\),)X -555 3920(deadlocking)N -967(contributes)X -1343(more)X -1528(to)X -1610(the)X -1728(declining)X -2046(performance.)X -755 4043(Deadlocks)N -1116(are)X -1237(more)X -1424(likely)X -1628(to)X -1712(occur)X -1913(in)X -1997(the)X -2116(LARGE)X -2404(test)X -2536(than)X -2695(in)X -2778(the)X -2897(SMALL)X -3189(test)X -3321(because)X -3597(there)X -3779(are)X -3899(more)X -4085(oppor-)X -555 4133(tunities)N -814(to)X -900(wait.)X -1082(In)X -1173(the)X -1295(SMALL)X -1590(case,)X -1773(processes)X -2105(never)X -2307(do)X -2410(I/O)X -2540(and)X -2679(are)X -2801(less)X -2944(likely)X -3149(to)X -3234(be)X -3333(descheduled)X -3753(during)X -3985(a)X -4044(transac-)X -555 4223(tion.)N -740(In)X -828(the)X -947(LARGE)X -1235(case,)X -1415(processes)X -1744(will)X -1889(frequently)X -2240(be)X -2337(descheduled)X -2755(since)X -2941(they)X -3100(have)X -3273(to)X -3356(perform)X -3636(I/O.)X -3804(This)X -3967(provides)X -4263(a)X -555 4313(window)N -837(where)X -1058(a)X -1118(second)X -1365(process)X -1630(can)X -1766(request)X -2022(locks)X -2215(on)X -2318(already)X -2578(locked)X -2815(pages,)X -3041(thus)X -3197(increasing)X -3550(the)X -3671(likelihood)X -4018(of)X -4108(build-)X -555 4403(ing)N -677(up)X -777(long)X -939(chains)X -1164(of)X -1251(waiting)X -1511(processes.)X -1879(Eventually,)X -2266(this)X -2401(leads)X -2586(to)X -2668(deadlock.)X -3 f -555 4589(5.2.)N -715(The)X -868(OO1)X -1052(Benchmark)X -1 f -755 4712(The)N -903(TPCB)X -1125(benchmark)X -1505(described)X -1836(in)X -1921(the)X -2042(previous)X -2341(section)X -2591(measures)X -2913(performance)X -3343(under)X -3549(a)X -3608(conventional)X -4044(transac-)X -555 4802(tion)N -706(processing)X -1076(workload.)X -1446(Other)X -1656(application)X -2039(domains,)X -2357(such)X -2531(as)X -2625(computer-aided)X -3156(design,)X -3412(have)X -3591(substantially)X -4022(different)X -555 4892(access)N -786(patterns.)X -1105(In)X -1197(order)X -1392(to)X -1479(measure)X -1772(the)X -1895(performance)X -2327(of)X -2418(LIBTP)X -2664(under)X -2871(workloads)X -3229(of)X -3320(this)X -3459(type,)X -3641(we)X -3759(implemented)X -4201(the)X -555 4982(OO1)N -731(benchmark)X -1108(described)X -1436(in)X -1518([CATT91].)X -755 5105(The)N -908(database)X -1213(models)X -1472(a)X -1535(set)X -1651(of)X -1745(electronics)X -2120(components)X -2534(with)X -2703(connections)X -3113(among)X -3358(them.)X -3585(One)X -3746(table)X -3929(stores)X -4143(parts)X -555 5195(and)N -696(another)X -962(stores)X -1174(connections.)X -1622(There)X -1835(are)X -1959(three)X -2145(connections)X -2552(originating)X -2927(at)X -3009(any)X -3149(given)X -3351(part.)X -3540(Ninety)X -3782(percent)X -4043(of)X -4134(these)X -555 5285(connections)N -960(are)X -1081(to)X -1165(nearby)X -1406(parts)X -1584(\(those)X -1802(with)X -1966(nearby)X -2 f -2207(ids)X -1 f -2300(\))X -2348(to)X -2431(model)X -2652(the)X -2771(spatial)X -3001(locality)X -3262(often)X -3448(exhibited)X -3767(in)X -3850(CAD)X -4040(applica-)X -555 5375(tions.)N -779(Ten)X -933(percent)X -1198(of)X -1293(the)X -1419(connections)X -1830(are)X -1957(randomly)X -2292(distributed)X -2662(among)X -2908(all)X -3016(other)X -3209(parts)X -3393(in)X -3483(the)X -3609(database.)X -3954(Every)X -4174(part)X -555 5465(appears)N -829(exactly)X -1089(three)X -1278(times)X -1479(in)X -1569(the)X -2 f -1695(from)X -1 f -1874(\256eld)X -2043(of)X -2137(a)X -2200(connection)X -2579(record,)X -2832(and)X -2975(zero)X -3141(or)X -3235(more)X -3427(times)X -3627(in)X -3716(the)X -2 f -3841(to)X -1 f -3930(\256eld.)X -4139(Parts)X -555 5555(have)N -2 f -727(x)X -1 f -783(and)X -2 f -919(y)X -1 f -975(locations)X -1284(set)X -1393(randomly)X -1720(in)X -1802(an)X -1898(appropriate)X -2284(range.)X - -14 p -%%Page: 14 14 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -755 630(The)N -900(intent)X -1102(of)X -1189(OO1)X -1365(is)X -1438(to)X -1520(measure)X -1808(the)X -1926(overall)X -2169(cost)X -2318(of)X -2405(a)X -2461(query)X -2664(mix)X -2808(characteristic)X -3257(of)X -3344(engineering)X -3743(database)X -4040(applica-)X -555 720(tions.)N -770(There)X -978(are)X -1097(three)X -1278(tests:)X -10 f -635 843(g)N -2 f -755(Lookup)X -1 f -1022(generates)X -1353(1,000)X -1560(random)X -1832(part)X -2 f -1984(ids)X -1 f -2077(,)X -2124(fetches)X -2378(the)X -2502(corresponding)X -2987(parts)X -3169(from)X -3351(the)X -3475(database,)X -3798(and)X -3940(calls)X -4113(a)X -4175(null)X -755 933(procedure)N -1097(in)X -1179(the)X -1297(host)X -1450(programming)X -1906(language)X -2216(with)X -2378(the)X -2496(parts')X -2 f -2699(x)X -1 f -2755(and)X -2 f -2891(y)X -1 f -2947(positions.)X -10 f -635 1056(g)N -2 f -755(Traverse)X -1 f -1067(retrieves)X -1371(a)X -1434(random)X -1706(part)X -1858(from)X -2041(the)X -2166(database)X -2470(and)X -2613(follows)X -2880(connections)X -3290(from)X -3473(it)X -3544(to)X -3632(other)X -3823(parts.)X -4045(Each)X -4232(of)X -755 1146(those)N -947(parts)X -1126(is)X -1202(retrieved,)X -1531(and)X -1670(all)X -1773(connections)X -2179(from)X -2358(it)X -2424(followed.)X -2771(This)X -2935(procedure)X -3279(is)X -3354(repeated)X -3649(depth-\256rst)X -4000(for)X -4116(seven)X -755 1236(hops)N -930(from)X -1110(the)X -1232(original)X -1505(part,)X -1674(for)X -1792(a)X -1852(total)X -2018(of)X -2109(3280)X -2293(parts.)X -2513(Backward)X -2862(traversal)X -3162(also)X -3314(exists,)X -3539(and)X -3678(follows)X -3941(all)X -4044(connec-)X -755 1326(tions)N -930(into)X -1074(a)X -1130(given)X -1328(part)X -1473(to)X -1555(their)X -1722(origin.)X -10 f -635 1449(g)N -2 f -755(Insert)X -1 f -962(adds)X -1129(100)X -1269(new)X -1423(parts)X -1599(and)X -1735(their)X -1902(connections.)X -755 1572(The)N -913(benchmark)X -1303(is)X -1389(single-user,)X -1794(but)X -1929(multi-user)X -2291(access)X -2530(controls)X -2821(\(locking)X -3120(and)X -3268(transaction)X -3652(protection\))X -4036(must)X -4223(be)X -555 1662(enforced.)N -898(It)X -968(is)X -1042(designed)X -1348(to)X -1431(be)X -1528(run)X -1656(on)X -1757(a)X -1814(database)X -2112(with)X -2275(20,000)X -2516(parts,)X -2713(and)X -2850(on)X -2951(one)X -3087(with)X -3249(200,000)X -3529(parts.)X -3745(Because)X -4033(we)X -4147(have)X -555 1752(insuf\256cient)N -935(disk)X -1088(space)X -1287(for)X -1401(the)X -1519(larger)X -1727(database,)X -2044(we)X -2158(report)X -2370(results)X -2599(only)X -2761(for)X -2875(the)X -2993(20,000)X -3233(part)X -3378(database.)X -3 f -555 1938(5.2.1.)N -775(Implementation)X -1 f -755 2061(The)N -920(LIBTP)X -1182(implementation)X -1724(of)X -1831(OO1)X -2027(uses)X -2205(the)X -2342(TCL)X -2532([OUST90])X -2914(interface)X -3235(described)X -3582(earlier.)X -3867(The)X -4031(backend)X -555 2151(accepts)N -813(commands)X -1181(over)X -1345(an)X -1442(IP)X -1534(socket)X -1760(and)X -1897(performs)X -2208(the)X -2327(requested)X -2656(database)X -2954(actions.)X -3242(The)X -3387(frontend)X -3679(opens)X -3886(and)X -4022(executes)X -555 2241(a)N -618(TCL)X -796(script.)X -1041(This)X -1210(script)X -1415(contains)X -1709(database)X -2013(accesses)X -2313(interleaved)X -2697(with)X -2866(ordinary)X -3165(program)X -3463(control)X -3716(statements.)X -4120(Data-)X -555 2331(base)N -718(commands)X -1085(are)X -1204(submitted)X -1539(to)X -1621(the)X -1739(backend)X -2027(and)X -2163(results)X -2392(are)X -2511(bound)X -2731(to)X -2813(program)X -3105(variables.)X -755 2454(The)N -903(parts)X -1082(table)X -1261(was)X -1409(stored)X -1628(as)X -1718(a)X -1776(B-tree)X -1999(indexed)X -2275(by)X -2 f -2377(id)X -1 f -2439(.)X -2501(The)X -2648(connection)X -3022(table)X -3200(was)X -3347(stored)X -3565(as)X -3654(a)X -3712(set)X -3823(of)X -3912(\256xed-length)X -555 2544(records)N -824(using)X -1029(the)X -1159(4.4BSD)X -1446(recno)X -1657(access)X -1895(method.)X -2207(In)X -2306(addition,)X -2620(two)X -2771(B-tree)X -3003(indices)X -3261(were)X -3449(maintained)X -3836(on)X -3947(connection)X -555 2634(table)N -732(entries.)X -1007(One)X -1162(index)X -1360(mapped)X -1634(the)X -2 f -1752(from)X -1 f -1923(\256eld)X -2085(to)X -2167(a)X -2223(connection)X -2595(record)X -2821(number,)X -3106(and)X -3242(the)X -3360(other)X -3545(mapped)X -3819(the)X -2 f -3937(to)X -1 f -4019(\256eld)X -4181(to)X -4263(a)X -555 2724(connection)N -932(record)X -1163(number.)X -1473(These)X -1690(indices)X -1941(support)X -2205(fast)X -2345(lookups)X -2622(on)X -2726(connections)X -3133(in)X -3219(both)X -3385(directions.)X -3765(For)X -3900(the)X -4022(traversal)X -555 2814(tests,)N -743(the)X -867(frontend)X -1165(does)X -1338(an)X -1439(index)X -1642(lookup)X -1889(to)X -1976(discover)X -2273(the)X -2396(connected)X -2747(part's)X -2 f -2955(id)X -1 f -3017(,)X -3062(and)X -3203(then)X -3366(does)X -3538(another)X -3804(lookup)X -4051(to)X -4138(fetch)X -555 2904(the)N -673(part)X -818(itself.)X -3 f -555 3090(5.2.2.)N -775(Performance)X -1242(Measurements)X -1766(for)X -1889(OO1)X -1 f -755 3213(We)N -888(compare)X -1186(LIBTP's)X -1487(OO1)X -1664(performance)X -2092(to)X -2174(that)X -2314(reported)X -2602(in)X -2684([CATT91].)X -3087(Those)X -3303(results)X -3532(were)X -3709(collected)X -4019(on)X -4119(a)X -4175(Sun)X -555 3303(3/280)N -759(\(25)X -888(MHz)X -1075(MC68020\))X -1448(with)X -1612(16)X -1714(MBytes)X -1989(of)X -2078(memory)X -2367(and)X -2505(two)X -2647(Hitachi)X -2904(892MByte)X -3267(disks)X -3452(\(15)X -3580(ms)X -3694(average)X -3966(seek)X -4130(time\))X -555 3393(behind)N -793(an)X -889(SMD-4)X -1149(controller.)X -1521(Frontends)X -1861(ran)X -1984(on)X -2084(an)X -2180(8MByte)X -2462(Sun)X -2606(3/260.)X -755 3516(In)N -844(order)X -1036(to)X -1120(measure)X -1410(performance)X -1839(on)X -1941(a)X -1999(machine)X -2293(of)X -2382(roughly)X -2653(equivalent)X -3009(processor)X -3339(power,)X -3582(we)X -3698(ran)X -3822(one)X -3959(set)X -4069(of)X -4157(tests)X -555 3606(on)N -666(a)X -733(standalone)X -1107(MC68030-based)X -1671(HP300)X -1923(\(33MHz)X -2225(MC68030\).)X -2646(The)X -2801(database)X -3108(was)X -3263(stored)X -3489(on)X -3599(a)X -3665(300MByte)X -4037(HP7959)X -555 3696(SCSI)N -744(disk)X -898(\(17)X -1026(ms)X -1139(average)X -1410(seek)X -1573(time\).)X -1802(Since)X -2000(this)X -2135(machine)X -2427(is)X -2500(not)X -2622(connected)X -2968(to)X -3050(a)X -3106(network,)X -3409(we)X -3523(ran)X -3646(local)X -3822(tests)X -3984(where)X -4201(the)X -555 3786(frontend)N -855(and)X -999(backend)X -1295(run)X -1430(on)X -1538(the)X -1664(same)X -1856(machine.)X -2195(We)X -2334(compare)X -2638(these)X -2830(measurements)X -3316(with)X -3485(Cattell's)X -3783(local)X -3966(Sun)X -4117(3/280)X -555 3876(numbers.)N -755 3999(Because)N -1051(the)X -1177(benchmark)X -1562(requires)X -1849(remote)X -2100(access,)X -2354(we)X -2476(ran)X -2607(another)X -2876(set)X -2993(of)X -3088(tests)X -3258(on)X -3365(a)X -3428(DECstation)X -3828(5000/200)X -4157(with)X -555 4089(32M)N -732(of)X -825(memory)X -1118(running)X -1393(Ultrix)X -1610(V4.0)X -1794(and)X -1936(a)X -1998(DEC)X -2184(1GByte)X -2459(RZ57)X -2666(SCSI)X -2859(disk.)X -3057(We)X -3194(compare)X -3496(the)X -3619(local)X -3800(performance)X -4232(of)X -555 4179(OO1)N -734(on)X -837(the)X -958(DECstation)X -1354(to)X -1439(its)X -1536(remote)X -1781(performance.)X -2250(For)X -2383(the)X -2503(remote)X -2748(case,)X -2929(we)X -3045(ran)X -3170(the)X -3290(frontend)X -3584(on)X -3686(a)X -3744(DECstation)X -4139(3100)X -555 4269(with)N -717(16)X -817(MBytes)X -1090(of)X -1177(main)X -1357(memory.)X -755 4392(The)N -900(databases)X -1228(tested)X -1435(in)X -1517([CATT91])X -1880(are)X -10 f -635 4515(g)N -1 f -755(INDEX,)X -1045(a)X -1101(highly-optimized)X -1672(access)X -1898(method)X -2158(package)X -2442(developed)X -2792(at)X -2870(Sun)X -3014(Microsystems.)X -10 f -635 4638(g)N -1 f -755(OODBMS,)X -1137(a)X -1193(beta)X -1347(release)X -1591(of)X -1678(a)X -1734(commercial)X -2133(object-oriented)X -2639(database)X -2936(management)X -3366(system.)X -10 f -635 4761(g)N -1 f -755(RDBMS,)X -1076(a)X -1133(UNIX-based)X -1565(commercial)X -1965(relational)X -2289(data)X -2444(manager)X -2742(at)X -2821(production)X -3189(release.)X -3474(The)X -3620(OO1)X -3797(implementation)X -755 4851(used)N -922(embedded)X -1272(SQL)X -1443(in)X -1525(C.)X -1638(Stored)X -1867(procedures)X -2240(were)X -2417(de\256ned)X -2673(to)X -2755(reduce)X -2990(client-server)X -3412(traf\256c.)X -755 4974(Table)N -974(two)X -1130(shows)X -1366(the)X -1500(measurements)X -1995(from)X -2187([CATT91])X -2566(and)X -2718(LIBTP)X -2976(for)X -3106(a)X -3178(local)X -3370(test)X -3517(on)X -3632(the)X -3765(MC680x0-based)X -555 5064(hardware.)N -915(All)X -1037(caches)X -1272(are)X -1391(cleared)X -1644(before)X -1870(each)X -2038(test.)X -2209(All)X -2331(times)X -2524(are)X -2643(in)X -2725(seconds.)X -755 5187(Table)N -960(two)X -1102(shows)X -1324(that)X -1466(LIBTP)X -1710(outperforms)X -2123(the)X -2242(commercial)X -2642(relational)X -2966(system,)X -3229(but)X -3352(is)X -3426(slower)X -3661(than)X -3820(OODBMS)X -4183(and)X -555 5277(INDEX.)N -872(Since)X -1077(the)X -1202(caches)X -1444(were)X -1628(cleared)X -1888(at)X -1973(the)X -2098(start)X -2263(of)X -2356(each)X -2530(test,)X -2687(disk)X -2846(throughput)X -3223(is)X -3302(critical)X -3551(in)X -3639(this)X -3780(test.)X -3957(The)X -4108(single)X -555 5367(SCSI)N -749(HP)X -877(drive)X -1068(used)X -1241(by)X -1347(LIBTP)X -1595(is)X -1674(approximately)X -2163(13%)X -2336(slower)X -2576(than)X -2739(the)X -2862(disks)X -3051(used)X -3223(in)X -3310([CATT91])X -3678(which)X -3899(accounts)X -4205(for)X -555 5457(part)N -700(of)X -787(the)X -905(difference.)X -755 5580(OODBMS)N -1118(and)X -1255(INDEX)X -1525(outperform)X -1906(LIBTP)X -2148(most)X -2323(dramatically)X -2744(on)X -2844(traversal.)X -3181(This)X -3343(is)X -3416(because)X -3691(we)X -3805(use)X -3932(index)X -4130(look-)X -555 5670(ups)N -689(to)X -774(\256nd)X -921(connections,)X -1347(whereas)X -1634(the)X -1755(other)X -1942(two)X -2084(systems)X -2359(use)X -2488(a)X -2546(link)X -2692(access)X -2920(method.)X -3222(The)X -3369(index)X -3569(requires)X -3850(us)X -3943(to)X -4027(examine)X - -15 p -%%Page: 15 15 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -10 f -555 679(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)N -2 f -606 769(Measure)N -1 f -1019(INDEX)X -1389(OODBMS)X -1851(RDBMS)X -2250(LIBTP)X -10 f -555 771(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)N -555 787(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)N -1 f -595 869(Lookup)N -1114(5.4)X -1490(12.9)X -1950(27)X -2291(27.2)X -595 959(Traversal)N -1074(13)X -1530(9.8)X -1950(90)X -2291(47.3)X -595 1049(Insert)N -1114(7.4)X -1530(1.5)X -1950(22)X -2331(9.7)X -10 f -555 1059(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)N -555(c)X -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -959 1059(c)N -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -1329 1059(c)N -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -1791 1059(c)N -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -2190 1059(c)N -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -2512 1059(c)N -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -2618 679(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2 f -2829 769(Measure)N -3401(Cache)X -3726(Local)X -4028(Remote)X -1 f -10 f -2618 771(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2618 787(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2658 869(Lookup)N -3401(cold)X -3747(15.7)X -4078(20.6)X -3401 959(warm)N -3787(7.8)X -4078(12.4)X -10 f -2618 969(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2658 1059(Forward)N -2950(traversal)X -3401(cold)X -3747(28.4)X -4078(52.6)X -3401 1149(warm)N -3747(23.5)X -4078(47.4)X -10 f -2618 1159(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2658 1249(Backward)N -3004(traversal)X -3401(cold)X -3747(24.2)X -4078(47.4)X -3401 1339(warm)N -3747(24.3)X -4078(47.6)X -10 f -2618 1349(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -1 f -2658 1439(Insert)N -3401(cold)X -3787(7.5)X -4078(10.3)X -3401 1529(warm)N -3787(6.7)X -4078(10.9)X -10 f -2618 1539(i)N -2629(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)X -2618(c)X -1479(c)Y -1399(c)Y -1319(c)Y -1239(c)Y -1159(c)Y -1079(c)Y -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -3341 1539(c)N -1479(c)Y -1399(c)Y -1319(c)Y -1239(c)Y -1159(c)Y -1079(c)Y -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -3666 1539(c)N -1479(c)Y -1399(c)Y -1319(c)Y -1239(c)Y -1159(c)Y -1079(c)Y -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -3968 1539(c)N -1479(c)Y -1399(c)Y -1319(c)Y -1239(c)Y -1159(c)Y -1079(c)Y -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -4309 1539(c)N -1479(c)Y -1399(c)Y -1319(c)Y -1239(c)Y -1159(c)Y -1079(c)Y -999(c)Y -919(c)Y -839(c)Y -759(c)Y -3 f -587 1785(Table)N -823(2:)X -931(Local)X -1163(MC680x0)X -1538(Performance)X -2026(of)X -2133(Several)X -587 1875(Systems)N -883(on)X -987(OO1.)X -2667 1785(Table)N -2909(3:)X -3023(Local)X -3260(vs.)X -3397(Remote)X -3707(Performance)X -4200(of)X -2667 1875(LIBTP)N -2926(on)X -3030(OO1.)X -1 f -10 f -555 1998(h)N -579(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)X -1 f -555 2274(two)N -696(disk)X -850(pages,)X -1074(but)X -1197(the)X -1316(links)X -1492(require)X -1741(only)X -1904(one,)X -2061(regardless)X -2408(of)X -2496(database)X -2794(size.)X -2980(Cattell)X -3214(reports)X -3458(that)X -3599(lookups)X -3873(using)X -4067(B-trees)X -555 2364(instead)N -808(of)X -901(links)X -1082(makes)X -1313(traversal)X -1616(take)X -1776(twice)X -1976(as)X -2069(long)X -2237(in)X -2325(INDEX.)X -2641(Adding)X -2907(a)X -2969(link)X -3119(access)X -3351(method)X -3617(to)X -3 f -3704(db)X -1 f -3792(\(3\))X -3911(or)X -4003(using)X -4201(the)X -555 2454(existing)N -828(hash)X -995(method)X -1255(would)X -1475(apparently)X -1834(be)X -1930(a)X -1986(good)X -2166(idea.)X -755 2577(Both)N -936(OODBMS)X -1304(and)X -1446(INDEX)X -1722(issue)X -1908 0.1944(coarser-granularity)AX -2545(locks)X -2739(than)X -2902(LIBTP.)X -3189(This)X -3356(limits)X -3562(concurrency)X -3985(for)X -4104(multi-)X -555 2667(user)N -711(applications,)X -1140(but)X -1264(helps)X -1455(single-user)X -1829(applications.)X -2278(In)X -2367(addition,)X -2671(the)X -2791(fact)X -2934(that)X -3076(LIBTP)X -3319(releases)X -3595(B-tree)X -3817(locks)X -4007(early)X -4189(is)X -4263(a)X -555 2757(drawback)N -896(in)X -986(OO1.)X -1210(Since)X -1416(there)X -1605(is)X -1686(no)X -1793(concurrency)X -2218(in)X -2307(the)X -2432(benchmark,)X -2836(high-concurrency)X -3430(strategies)X -3760(only)X -3929(show)X -4125(up)X -4232(as)X -555 2847(increased)N -882(locking)X -1145(overhead.)X -1503(Finally,)X -1772(the)X -1892(architecture)X -2294(of)X -2383(the)X -2503(LIBTP)X -2747(implementation)X -3271(was)X -3418(substantially)X -3844(different)X -4143(from)X -555 2937(that)N -702(of)X -796(either)X -1006(OODBMS)X -1375(or)X -1469(INDEX.)X -1786(Both)X -1968(of)X -2062(those)X -2258(systems)X -2538(do)X -2645(the)X -2770(searches)X -3070(in)X -3159(the)X -3284(user's)X -3503(address)X -3771(space,)X -3997(and)X -4139(issue)X -555 3027(requests)N -844(for)X -964(pages)X -1173(to)X -1260(the)X -1383(server)X -1605(process.)X -1911(Pages)X -2123(are)X -2247(cached)X -2496(in)X -2583(the)X -2706(client,)X -2929(and)X -3070(many)X -3273(queries)X -3530(can)X -3667(be)X -3768(satis\256ed)X -4055(without)X -555 3117(contacting)N -910(the)X -1029(server)X -1247(at)X -1326(all.)X -1467(LIBTP)X -1710(submits)X -1979(all)X -2080(the)X -2199(queries)X -2452(to)X -2535(the)X -2653(server)X -2870(process,)X -3151(and)X -3287(receives)X -3571(database)X -3868(records)X -4125(back;)X -555 3207(it)N -619(does)X -786(no)X -886(client)X -1084(caching.)X -755 3330(The)N -911(RDBMS)X -1221(architecture)X -1632(is)X -1716(much)X -1925(closer)X -2148(to)X -2241(that)X -2392(of)X -2490(LIBTP.)X -2783(A)X -2872(server)X -3100(process)X -3372(receives)X -3667(queries)X -3930(and)X -4076(returns)X -555 3420(results)N -786(to)X -870(a)X -928(client.)X -1168(The)X -1315(timing)X -1545(results)X -1776(in)X -1860(table)X -2038(two)X -2180(clearly)X -2421(show)X -2612(that)X -2754(the)X -2874(conventional)X -3309(database)X -3607(client/server)X -4025(model)X -4246(is)X -555 3510(expensive.)N -941(LIBTP)X -1188(outperforms)X -1605(the)X -1728(RDBMS)X -2032(on)X -2136(traversal)X -2437(and)X -2577(insertion.)X -2921(We)X -3057(speculate)X -3380(that)X -3524(this)X -3663(is)X -3740(due)X -3880(in)X -3966(part)X -4115(to)X -4201(the)X -555 3600(overhead)N -870(of)X -957(query)X -1160(parsing,)X -1436(optimization,)X -1880(and)X -2016(repeated)X -2309(interpretation)X -2761(of)X -2848(the)X -2966(plan)X -3124(tree)X -3265(in)X -3347(the)X -3465(RDBMS')X -3791(query)X -3994(executor.)X -755 3723(Table)N -962(three)X -1147(shows)X -1371(the)X -1492(differences)X -1873(between)X -2164(local)X -2343(and)X -2482(remote)X -2728(execution)X -3063(of)X -3153(LIBTP's)X -3456(OO1)X -3635(implementation)X -4160(on)X -4263(a)X -555 3813(DECstation.)N -989(We)X -1122(measured)X -1451(performance)X -1879(with)X -2042(a)X -2099(populated)X -2436(\(warm\))X -2694(cache)X -2899(and)X -3036(an)X -3133(empty)X -3354(\(cold\))X -3567(cache.)X -3812(Reported)X -4126(times)X -555 3903(are)N -681(the)X -806(means)X -1037(of)X -1130(twenty)X -1374(tests,)X -1562(and)X -1704(are)X -1829(in)X -1917(seconds.)X -2237(Standard)X -2548(deviations)X -2903(were)X -3086(within)X -3316(seven)X -3525(percent)X -3788(of)X -3881(the)X -4005(mean)X -4205(for)X -555 3993(remote,)N -818(and)X -954(two)X -1094(percent)X -1351(of)X -1438(the)X -1556(mean)X -1750(for)X -1864(local.)X -755 4116(The)N -914(20ms)X -1121(overhead)X -1450(of)X -1551(TCP/IP)X -1824(on)X -1938(an)X -2048(Ethernet)X -2354(entirely)X -2633(accounts)X -2948(for)X -3076(the)X -3207(difference)X -3567(in)X -3662(speed.)X -3918(The)X -4076(remote)X -555 4206(traversal)N -857(times)X -1055(are)X -1179(nearly)X -1405(double)X -1648(the)X -1771(local)X -1952(times)X -2150(because)X -2430(we)X -2549(do)X -2653(index)X -2855(lookups)X -3132(and)X -3272(part)X -3421(fetches)X -3673(in)X -3759(separate)X -4047(queries.)X -555 4296(It)N -629(would)X -854(make)X -1053(sense)X -1252(to)X -1339(do)X -1444(indexed)X -1723(searches)X -2021(on)X -2126(the)X -2248(server,)X -2489(but)X -2615(we)X -2733(were)X -2914(unwilling)X -3244(to)X -3330(hard-code)X -3676(knowledge)X -4052(of)X -4143(OO1)X -555 4386(indices)N -803(into)X -948(our)X -1075(LIBTP)X -1317(TCL)X -1488(server.)X -1745(Cold)X -1920(and)X -2056(warm)X -2259(insertion)X -2559(times)X -2752(are)X -2871(identical)X -3167(since)X -3352(insertions)X -3683(do)X -3783(not)X -3905(bene\256t)X -4143(from)X -555 4476(caching.)N -755 4599(One)N -915(interesting)X -1279(difference)X -1632(shown)X -1867(by)X -1973(table)X -2155(three)X -2342(is)X -2421(the)X -2545(cost)X -2700(of)X -2793(forward)X -3074(versus)X -3305(backward)X -3644(traversal.)X -3987(When)X -4205(we)X -555 4689(built)N -725(the)X -847(database,)X -1168(we)X -1285(inserted)X -1562(parts)X -1741(in)X -1826(part)X -2 f -1974(id)X -1 f -2059(order.)X -2292(We)X -2427(built)X -2596(the)X -2717(indices)X -2967(at)X -3048(the)X -3169(same)X -3357(time.)X -3562(Therefore,)X -3923(the)X -4044(forward)X -555 4779(index)N -757(had)X -897(keys)X -1068(inserted)X -1346(in)X -1432(order,)X -1646(while)X -1848(the)X -1970(backward)X -2307(index)X -2509(had)X -2649(keys)X -2820(inserted)X -3098(more)X -3286(randomly.)X -3656(In-order)X -3943(insertion)X -4246(is)X -555 4885(pessimal)N -858(for)X -975(B-tree)X -1199(indices,)X -1469(so)X -1563(the)X -1684(forward)X -1962(index)X -2163(is)X -2239(much)X -2440(larger)X -2651(than)X -2812(the)X -2933(backward)X -3269(one)X -7 s -3385 4853(5)N -10 s -4885(.)Y -3476(This)X -3640(larger)X -3850(size)X -3997(shows)X -4219(up)X -555 4975(as)N -642(extra)X -823(disk)X -976(reads)X -1166(in)X -1248(the)X -1366(cold)X -1524(benchmark.)X -3 f -555 5161(6.)N -655(Conclusions)X -1 f -755 5284(LIBTP)N -1006(provides)X -1311(the)X -1438(basic)X -1632(building)X -1927(blocks)X -2165(to)X -2256(support)X -2525(transaction)X -2906(protection.)X -3300(In)X -3396(comparison)X -3799(with)X -3970(traditional)X -555 5374(Unix)N -746(libraries)X -1040(and)X -1187(commercial)X -1597(systems,)X -1900(it)X -1974(offers)X -2192(a)X -2258(variety)X -2511(of)X -2608(tradeoffs.)X -2964(Using)X -3185(complete)X -3509(transaction)X -3891(protection)X -4246(is)X -555 5464(more)N -747(complicated)X -1166(than)X -1331(simply)X -1575(adding)X -3 f -1820(fsync)X -1 f -1998(\(2\))X -2119(and)X -3 f -2262(\257ock)X -1 f -2426(\(2\))X -2547(calls)X -2721(to)X -2810(code,)X -3008(but)X -3136(it)X -3206(is)X -3285(faster)X -3490(in)X -3578(some)X -3773(cases)X -3969(and)X -4111(offers)X -8 s -10 f -555 5536(hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh)N -5 s -1 f -727 5614(5)N -8 s -763 5639(The)N -878(next)X -1004(release)X -1196(of)X -1265(the)X -1359(4.4BSD)X -1580(access)X -1758(method)X -1966(will)X -2082(automatically)X -2446(detect)X -2614(and)X -2722(compensate)X -3039(for)X -3129(in-order)X -3350(insertion,)X -3606(eliminating)X -3914(this)X -4023(problem.)X - -16 p -%%Page: 16 16 -8 s 8 xH 0 xS 1 f -10 s -3 f -1 f -555 630(stricter)N -801(guarantees)X -1168(\(atomicity,)X -1540(consistency,)X -1957(isolation,)X -2275(and)X -2414(durability\).)X -2815(If)X -2892(the)X -3013(data)X -3170(to)X -3255(be)X -3354(protected)X -3676(are)X -3798(already)X -4058(format-)X -555 720(ted)N -675(\()X -2 f -702(i.e.)X -1 f -821(use)X -949(one)X -1086(of)X -1174(the)X -1293(database)X -1591(access)X -1818(methods\),)X -2157(then)X -2316(adding)X -2555(transaction)X -2928(protection)X -3274(requires)X -3554(no)X -3655(additional)X -3996(complex-)X -555 810(ity,)N -679(but)X -801(incurs)X -1017(a)X -1073(performance)X -1500(penalty)X -1756(of)X -1843(approximately)X -2326(15%.)X -755 933(In)N -844(comparison)X -1240(with)X -1404(commercial)X -1805(database)X -2104(systems,)X -2399(the)X -2519(tradeoffs)X -2827(are)X -2948(more)X -3135(complex.)X -3473(LIBTP)X -3717(does)X -3886(not)X -4009(currently)X -555 1023(support)N -825(a)X -891(standard)X -1193(query)X -1406(language.)X -1766(The)X -1921(TCL-based)X -2312(server)X -2539(process)X -2810(allows)X -3049(a)X -3115(certain)X -3364(ease)X -3533(of)X -3630(use)X -3767(which)X -3993(would)X -4223(be)X -555 1113(enhanced)N -882(with)X -1047(a)X -1106(more)X -1294(user-friendly)X -1732(interface)X -2037(\()X -2 f -2064(e.g.)X -1 f -2203(a)X -2261(windows)X -2572(based)X -2777(query-by-form)X -3272(application\),)X -3697(for)X -3813(which)X -4031(we)X -4147(have)X -555 1203(a)N -620(working)X -916(prototype.)X -1292(When)X -1513(accesses)X -1815(do)X -1924(not)X -2055(require)X -2312(sophisticated)X -2758(query)X -2969(processing,)X -3360(the)X -3486(TCL)X -3665(interface)X -3975(is)X -4056(an)X -4160(ade-)X -555 1293(quate)N -756(solution.)X -1080(What)X -1281(LIBTP)X -1529(fails)X -1693(to)X -1781(provide)X -2052(in)X -2140(functionality,)X -2595(it)X -2665(makes)X -2896(up)X -3002(for)X -3122(in)X -3210(performance)X -3643(and)X -3785(\257exibility.)X -4161(Any)X -555 1383(application)N -931(may)X -1089(make)X -1283(use)X -1410(of)X -1497(its)X -1592(record)X -1818(interface)X -2120(or)X -2207(the)X -2325(more)X -2510(primitive)X -2823(log,)X -2965(lock,)X -3143(and)X -3279(buffer)X -3496(calls.)X -755 1506(Future)N -987(work)X -1175(will)X -1322(focus)X -1519(on)X -1621(overcoming)X -2026(some)X -2217(of)X -2306(the)X -2426(areas)X -2614(in)X -2698(which)X -2916(LIBTP)X -3160(is)X -3235(currently)X -3547(de\256cient)X -3845(and)X -3983(extending)X -555 1596(its)N -652(transaction)X -1026(model.)X -1288(The)X -1435(addition)X -1719(of)X -1808(an)X -1905(SQL)X -2077(parser)X -2295(and)X -2432(forms)X -2640(front)X -2817(end)X -2954(will)X -3099(improve)X -3387(the)X -3506(system's)X -3807(ease)X -3967(of)X -4055(use)X -4183(and)X -555 1686(make)N -750(it)X -815(more)X -1001(competitive)X -1400(with)X -1563(commercial)X -1963(systems.)X -2277(In)X -2365(the)X -2484(long)X -2647(term,)X -2835(we)X -2950(would)X -3170(like)X -3310(to)X -3392(add)X -3528(generalized)X -3919(hierarchical)X -555 1776(locking,)N -836(nested)X -1062(transactions,)X -1486(parallel)X -1748(transactions,)X -2171(passing)X -2431(of)X -2518(transactions)X -2921(between)X -3209(processes,)X -3557(and)X -3693(distributed)X -4055(commit)X -555 1866(handling.)N -900(In)X -992(the)X -1115(short)X -1300(term,)X -1492(the)X -1614(next)X -1776(step)X -1929(is)X -2006(to)X -2092(integrate)X -2397(LIBTP)X -2643(with)X -2809(the)X -2931(most)X -3110(recent)X -3331(release)X -3579(of)X -3670(the)X -3792(database)X -4093(access)X -555 1956(routines)N -833(and)X -969(make)X -1163(it)X -1227(freely)X -1435(available)X -1745(via)X -1863(anonymous)X -2252(ftp.)X -3 f -555 2142(7.)N -655(Acknowledgements)X -1 f -755 2265(We)N -888(would)X -1109(like)X -1250(to)X -1332(thank)X -1530(John)X -1701(Wilkes)X -1948(and)X -2084(Carl)X -2242(Staelin)X -2484(of)X -2571(Hewlett-Packard)X -3131(Laboratories)X -3557(and)X -3693(Jon)X -3824(Krueger.)X -4148(John)X -555 2355(and)N -694(Carl)X -855(provided)X -1162(us)X -1255(with)X -1419(an)X -1517(extra)X -1700(disk)X -1855(for)X -1971(the)X -2091(HP)X -2215(testbed)X -2464(less)X -2606(than)X -2766(24)X -2868(hours)X -3068(after)X -3238(we)X -3354(requested)X -3684(it.)X -3770(Jon)X -3903(spent)X -4094(count-)X -555 2445(less)N -699(hours)X -901(helping)X -1164(us)X -1258(understand)X -1633(the)X -1754(intricacies)X -2107(of)X -2197(commercial)X -2599(database)X -2899(products)X -3198(and)X -3337(their)X -3507(behavior)X -3811(under)X -4017(a)X -4076(variety)X -555 2535(of)N -642(system)X -884(con\256gurations.)X -3 f -555 2721(8.)N -655(References)X -1 f -555 2901([ANDR89])N -942(Andrade,)X -1265(J.,)X -1361(Carges,)X -1629(M.,)X -1765(Kovach,)X -2060(K.,)X -2183(``Building)X -2541(an)X -2642(On-Line)X -2939(Transaction)X -3343(Processing)X -3715(System)X -3975(On)X -4098(UNIX)X -727 2991(System)N -982(V'',)X -2 f -1134(CommUNIXations)X -1 f -1725(,)X -1765 0.2188(November/December)AX -2477(1989.)X -555 3171([BAY77])N -878(Bayer,)X -1110(R.,)X -1223(Schkolnick,)X -1623(M.,)X -1754(``Concurrency)X -2243(of)X -2330(Operations)X -2702(on)X -2802(B-Trees'',)X -2 f -3155(Acta)X -3322(Informatica)X -1 f -3700(,)X -3740(1977.)X -555 3351([BERN80])N -936(Bernstein,)X -1297(P.,)X -1415(Goodman,)X -1785(N.,)X -1917(``Timestamp)X -2365(Based)X -2595(Algorithms)X -2992(for)X -3119(Concurrency)X -3567(Control)X -3844(in)X -3939(Distributed)X -727 3441(Database)N -1042(Systems'',)X -2 f -1402(Proceedings)X -1823(6th)X -1945(International)X -2387(Conference)X -2777(on)X -2877(Very)X -3049(Large)X -3260(Data)X -3440(Bases)X -1 f -3627(,)X -3667(October)X -3946(1980.)X -555 3621([BSD91])N -864(DB\(3\),)X -2 f -1109(4.4BSD)X -1376(Unix)X -1552(Programmer's)X -2044(Manual)X -2313(Reference)X -2655(Guide)X -1 f -2851(,)X -2891(University)X -3249(of)X -3336(California,)X -3701(Berkeley,)X -4031(1991.)X -555 3801([CATT91])N -923(Cattell,)X -1181(R.G.G.,)X -1455(``An)X -1632(Engineering)X -2049(Database)X -2369(Benchmark'',)X -2 f -2838(The)X -2983(Benchmark)X -3373(Handbook)X -3731(for)X -3848(Database)X -4179(and)X -727 3891(Transaction)N -1133(Processing)X -1509(Systems)X -1 f -1763(,)X -1803(J.)X -1874(Gray,)X -2075(editor,)X -2302(Morgan)X -2576(Kaufman)X -2895(1991.)X -555 4071([CHEN91])N -929(Cheng,)X -1180(E.,)X -1291(Chang,)X -1542(E.,)X -1653(Klein,)X -1872(J.,)X -1964(Lee,)X -2126(D.,)X -2245(Lu,)X -2375(E.,)X -2485(Lutgardo,)X -2820(A.,)X -2939(Obermarck,)X -3342(R.,)X -3456(``An)X -3629(Open)X -3824(and)X -3961(Extensible)X -727 4161(Event-Based)N -1157(Transaction)X -1556(Manager'',)X -2 f -1936(Proceedings)X -2357(1991)X -2537(Summer)X -2820(Usenix)X -1 f -3043(,)X -3083(Nashville,)X -3430(TN,)X -3577(June)X -3744(1991.)X -555 4341([CHOU85])N -943(Chou,)X -1163(H.,)X -1288(DeWitt,)X -1570(D.,)X -1694(``An)X -1872(Evaluation)X -2245(of)X -2338(Buffer)X -2574(Management)X -3019(Strategies)X -3361(for)X -3481(Relational)X -3836(Database)X -4157(Sys-)X -727 4431(tems'',)N -2 f -972(Proceedings)X -1393(of)X -1475(the)X -1593(11th)X -1755(International)X -2197(Conference)X -2587(on)X -2687(Very)X -2859(Large)X -3070(Databases)X -1 f -3408(,)X -3448(1985.)X -555 4611([DEWI84])N -925(DeWitt,)X -1207(D.,)X -1331(Katz,)X -1529(R.,)X -1648(Olken,)X -1890(F.,)X -2000(Shapiro,)X -2295(L.,)X -2410(Stonebraker,)X -2843(M.,)X -2979(Wood,)X -3220(D.,)X -3343(``Implementation)X -3929(Techniques)X -727 4701(for)N -841(Main)X -1030(Memory)X -1326(Database)X -1641(Systems'',)X -2 f -2001(Proceedings)X -2422(of)X -2504(SIGMOD)X -1 f -2812(,)X -2852(pp.)X -2972(1-8,)X -3119(June)X -3286(1984.)X -555 4881([GRAY76])N -944(Gray,)X -1153(J.,)X -1252(Lorie,)X -1474(R.,)X -1595(Putzolu,)X -1887(F.,)X -1999(and)X -2143(Traiger,)X -2428(I.,)X -2522(``Granularity)X -2973(of)X -3067(locks)X -3263(and)X -3406(degrees)X -3679(of)X -3773(consistency)X -4174(in)X -4263(a)X -727 4971(large)N -909(shared)X -1140(data)X -1295(base'',)X -2 f -1533(Modeling)X -1861(in)X -1944(Data)X -2125(Base)X -2301(Management)X -2740(Systems)X -1 f -2994(,)X -3034(Elsevier)X -3317(North)X -3524(Holland,)X -3822(New)X -3994(York,)X -4199(pp.)X -727 5061(365-394.)N -555 5241([HAER83])N -931(Haerder,)X -1235(T.)X -1348(Reuter,)X -1606(A.)X -1728(``Principles)X -2126(of)X -2217(Transaction-Oriented)X -2928(Database)X -3246(Recovery'',)X -2 f -3651(Computing)X -4029(Surveys)X -1 f -4279(,)X -727 5331(15\(4\);)N -943(237-318,)X -1250(1983.)X -555 5511([KUNG81])N -943(Kung,)X -1162(H.)X -1261(T.,)X -1371(Richardson,)X -1777(J.,)X -1869(``On)X -2042(Optimistic)X -2400(Methods)X -2701(for)X -2816(Concurrency)X -3252(Control'',)X -2 f -3591(ACM)X -3781(Transactions)X -4219(on)X -727 5601(Database)N -1054(Systems)X -1 f -1328(6\(2\);)X -1504(213-226,)X -1811(1981.)X - -17 p -%%Page: 17 17 -10 s 10 xH 0 xS 1 f -3 f -1 f -555 630([LEHM81])N -939(Lehman,)X -1245(P.,)X -1352(Yao,)X -1529(S.,)X -1636(``Ef\256cient)X -1989(Locking)X -2279(for)X -2396(Concurrent)X -2780(Operations)X -3155(on)X -3258(B-trees'',)X -2 f -3587(ACM)X -3779(Transactions)X -4219(on)X -727 720(Database)N -1054(Systems)X -1 f -1308(,)X -1348(6\(4\),)X -1522(December)X -1873(1981.)X -555 900([MOHA91])N -964(Mohan,)X -1241(C.,)X -1364(Pirahesh,)X -1690(H.,)X -1818(``ARIES-RRH:)X -2366(Restricted)X -2721(Repeating)X -3076(of)X -3173(History)X -3442(in)X -3533(the)X -3660(ARIES)X -3920(Transaction)X -727 990(Recovery)N -1055(Method'',)X -2 f -1398(Proceedings)X -1819(7th)X -1941(International)X -2383(Conference)X -2773(on)X -2873(Data)X -3053(Engineering)X -1 f -3449(,)X -3489(Kobe,)X -3703(Japan,)X -3926(April)X -4115(1991.)X -555 1170([NODI90])N -914(Nodine,)X -1194(M.,)X -1328(Zdonik,)X -1602(S.,)X -1709(``Cooperative)X -2178(Transaction)X -2580(Hierarchies:)X -2996(A)X -3077(Transaction)X -3479(Model)X -3711(to)X -3796(Support)X -4072(Design)X -727 1260(Applications'',)N -2 f -1242(Proceedings)X -1675(16th)X -1849(International)X -2303(Conference)X -2704(on)X -2815(Very)X -2998(Large)X -3220(Data)X -3411(Bases)X -1 f -3598(,)X -3649(Brisbane,)X -3985(Australia,)X -727 1350(August)N -978(1990.)X -555 1530([OUST90])N -923(Ousterhout,)X -1324(J.,)X -1420(``Tcl:)X -1648(An)X -1771(Embeddable)X -2197(Command)X -2555(Language'',)X -2 f -2971(Proceedings)X -3396(1990)X -3580(Winter)X -3822(Usenix)X -1 f -4045(,)X -4089(Wash-)X -727 1620(ington,)N -971(D.C.,)X -1162(January)X -1432(1990.)X -555 1800([POSIX91])N -955(``Unapproved)X -1441(Draft)X -1645(for)X -1773(Realtime)X -2096(Extension)X -2450(for)X -2578(Portable)X -2879(Operating)X -3234(Systems'',)X -3608(Draft)X -3812(11,)X -3946(October)X -4239(7,)X -727 1890(1991,)N -927(IEEE)X -1121(Computer)X -1461(Society.)X -555 2070([ROSE91])N -925(Rosenblum,)X -1341(M.,)X -1484(Ousterhout,)X -1892(J.,)X -1995(``The)X -2206(Design)X -2464(and)X -2611(Implementation)X -3149(of)X -3247(a)X -3314(Log-Structured)X -3835(File)X -3990(System'',)X -2 f -727 2160(Proceedings)N -1148(of)X -1230(the)X -1348(13th)X -1510(Symposium)X -1895(on)X -1995(Operating)X -2344(Systems)X -2618(Principles)X -1 f -2947(,)X -2987(1991.)X -555 2340([SELT91])N -904(Seltzer,)X -1171(M.,)X -1306(Stonebraker,)X -1738(M.,)X -1873(``Read)X -2116(Optimized)X -2478(File)X -2626(Systems:)X -2938(A)X -3020(Performance)X -3454(Evaluation'',)X -2 f -3898(Proceedings)X -727 2430(7th)N -849(Annual)X -1100(International)X -1542(Conference)X -1932(on)X -2032(Data)X -2212(Engineering)X -1 f -2608(,)X -2648(Kobe,)X -2862(Japan,)X -3085(April)X -3274(1991.)X -555 2610([SPEC88])N -907(Spector,)X -1200(Rausch,)X -1484(Bruell,)X -1732(``Camelot:)X -2107(A)X -2192(Flexible,)X -2501(Distributed)X -2888(Transaction)X -3294(Processing)X -3668(System'',)X -2 f -4004(Proceed-)X -727 2700(ings)N -880(of)X -962(Spring)X -1195(COMPCON)X -1606(1988)X -1 f -(,)S -1806(February)X -2116(1988.)X -555 2880([SQL86])N -862(American)X -1201(National)X -1499(Standards)X -1836(Institute,)X -2139(``Database)X -2509(Language)X -2847(SQL'',)X -3093(ANSI)X -3301(X3.135-1986)X -3747(\(ISO)X -3924(9075\),)X -4152(May)X -727 2970(1986.)N -555 3150([STON81])N -919(Stonebraker,)X -1348(M.,)X -1480(``Operating)X -1876(System)X -2132(Support)X -2406(for)X -2520(Database)X -2835(Management'',)X -2 f -3348(Communications)X -3910(of)X -3992(the)X -4110(ACM)X -1 f -4279(,)X -727 3240(1981.)N -555 3420([SULL92])N -925(Sullivan,)X -1247(M.,)X -1394(Olson,)X -1641(M.,)X -1788(``An)X -1976(Index)X -2195(Implementation)X -2737(Supporting)X -3127(Fast)X -3295(Recovery)X -3638(for)X -3767(the)X -3900(POSTGRES)X -727 3510(Storage)N -1014(System'',)X -1365(to)X -1469(appear)X -1726(in)X -2 f -1830(Proceedings)X -2272(8th)X -2415(Annual)X -2687(International)X -3150(Conference)X -3561(on)X -3682(Data)X -3883(Engineering)X -1 f -4279(,)X -727 3600(Tempe,)N -990(Arizona,)X -1289(February)X -1599(1992.)X -555 3780([TPCB90])N -914(Transaction)X -1319(Processing)X -1692(Performance)X -2129(Council,)X -2428(``TPC)X -2653(Benchmark)X -3048(B'',)X -3200(Standard)X -3510(Speci\256cation,)X -3973(Waterside)X -727 3870(Associates,)N -1110(Fremont,)X -1421(CA.,)X -1592(1990.)X -555 4050([YOUN91])N -947(Young,)X -1211(M.)X -1328(W.,)X -1470(Thompson,)X -1858(D.)X -1962(S.,)X -2072(Jaffe,)X -2274(E.,)X -2388(``A)X -2525(Modular)X -2826(Architecture)X -3253(for)X -3372(Distributed)X -3757(Transaction)X -4161(Pro-)X -727 4140(cessing'',)N -2 f -1057(Proceedings)X -1478(1991)X -1658(Winter)X -1896(Usenix)X -1 f -2119(,)X -2159(Dallas,)X -2404(TX,)X -2551(January)X -2821(1991.)X -3 f -755 4263(Margo)N -1008(I.)X -1080(Seltzer)X -1 f -1338(is)X -1411(a)X -1467(Ph.D.)X -1669(student)X -1920(in)X -2002(the)X -2120(Department)X -2519(of)X -2606(Electrical)X -2934(Engineering)X -3346(and)X -3482(Computer)X -3822(Sciences)X -4123(at)X -4201(the)X -555 4353(University)N -919(of)X -1012(California,)X -1383(Berkeley.)X -1739(Her)X -1886(research)X -2181(interests)X -2474(include)X -2735(\256le)X -2862(systems,)X -3160(databases,)X -3513(and)X -3654(transaction)X -4031(process-)X -555 4443(ing)N -686(systems.)X -1008(She)X -1157(spent)X -1355(several)X -1612(years)X -1811(working)X -2107(at)X -2194(startup)X -2441(companies)X -2813(designing)X -3153(and)X -3298(implementing)X -3771(\256le)X -3902(systems)X -4183(and)X -555 4533(transaction)N -929(processing)X -1294(software)X -1592(and)X -1729(designing)X -2061(microprocessors.)X -2648(Ms.)X -2791(Seltzer)X -3035(received)X -3329(her)X -3453(AB)X -3585(in)X -3668(Applied)X -3947(Mathemat-)X -555 4623(ics)N -664(from)X -840 0.1953(Harvard/Radcliffe)AX -1445(College)X -1714(in)X -1796(1983.)X -755 4746(In)N -845(her)X -971(spare)X -1163(time,)X -1347(Margo)X -1583(can)X -1717(usually)X -1970(be)X -2068(found)X -2277(preparing)X -2607(massive)X -2887(quantities)X -3220(of)X -3309(food)X -3478(for)X -3594(hungry)X -3843(hordes,)X -4099(study-)X -555 4836(ing)N -677(Japanese,)X -1003(or)X -1090(playing)X -1350(soccer)X -1576(with)X -1738(an)X -1834(exciting)X -2112(Bay)X -2261(Area)X -2438(Women's)X -2770(Soccer)X -3009(team,)X -3205(the)X -3323(Berkeley)X -3633(Bruisers.)X -3 f -755 5049(Michael)N -1056(A.)X -1159(Olson)X -1 f -1383(is)X -1461(a)X -1522(Master's)X -1828(student)X -2084(in)X -2170(the)X -2292(Department)X -2695(of)X -2786(Electrical)X -3118(Engineering)X -3534(and)X -3674(Computer)X -4018(Sciences)X -555 5139(at)N -645(the)X -774(University)X -1143(of)X -1241(California,)X -1617(Berkeley.)X -1978(His)X -2120(primary)X -2405(interests)X -2703(are)X -2833(database)X -3141(systems)X -3425(and)X -3572(mass)X -3763(storage)X -4026(systems.)X -555 5229(Mike)N -759(spent)X -963(two)X -1118(years)X -1323(working)X -1625(for)X -1754(a)X -1825(commercial)X -2239(database)X -2551(system)X -2808(vendor)X -3066(before)X -3307(joining)X -3567(the)X -3699(Postgres)X -4004(Research)X -555 5319(Group)N -780(at)X -858(Berkeley)X -1168(in)X -1250(1988.)X -1470(He)X -1584(received)X -1877(his)X -1990(B.A.)X -2161(in)X -2243(Computer)X -2583(Science)X -2853(from)X -3029(Berkeley)X -3339(in)X -3421(May)X -3588(1991.)X -755 5442(Mike)N -945(only)X -1108(recently)X -1388(transferred)X -1758(into)X -1903(Sin)X -2030(City,)X -2208(but)X -2330(is)X -2403(rapidly)X -2650(adopting)X -2950(local)X -3126(customs)X -3408(and)X -3544(coloration.)X -3929(In)X -4016(his)X -4129(spare)X -555 5532(time,)N -742(he)X -843(organizes)X -1176(informal)X -1477(Friday)X -1711(afternoon)X -2043(study)X -2240(groups)X -2482(to)X -2568(discuss)X -2823(recent)X -3044(technical)X -3358(and)X -3498(economic)X -3834(developments.)X -555 5622(Among)N -815(his)X -928(hobbies)X -1197(are)X -1316(Charles)X -1581(Dickens,)X -1884(Red)X -2033(Rock,)X -2242(and)X -2378(speaking)X -2683(Dutch)X -2899(to)X -2981(anyone)X -3233(who)X -3391(will)X -3535(permit)X -3764(it.)X - -17 p -%%Trailer -xt - -xs - diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/mpool.3.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/mpool.3.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 816c9243c8..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/mpool.3.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,320 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 2 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 129.01(MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 129.01(anual MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 84 S -(ME).18 E F0(mpool \255 shared memory b)108 96 Q(uf)-.2 E(fer pool)-.25 E F1 -(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <db)108 124.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E -(#include <mpool.h>)108 136.8 Q(MPOOL *)108 160.8 Q(mpool_open \(DBT *k)108 -172.8 Q(ey)-.1 E 2.5(,i)-.55 G(nt fd, pgno_t pagesize, pgno_t maxcache\);) -216.25 172.8 Q -.1(vo)108 196.8 S(id).1 E(mpool_\214lter \(MPOOL *mp, v)108 -208.8 Q(oid \(*pgin\)\(v)-.1 E(oid *, pgno_t, v)-.1 E(oid *\),)-.1 E -.1(vo)158 -220.8 S(id \(*pgout\)\(v).1 E(oid *, pgno_t, v)-.1 E(oid *\), v)-.1 E -(oid *pgcookie\);)-.1 E -.1(vo)108 244.8 S(id *).1 E -(mpool_new \(MPOOL *mp, pgno_t *pgnoaddr\);)108 256.8 Q -.1(vo)108 280.8 S -(id *).1 E(mpool_get \(MPOOL *mp, pgno_t pgno, u_int \215ags\);)108 292.8 Q -(int)108 316.8 Q(mpool_put \(MPOOL *mp, v)108 328.8 Q(oid *pgaddr)-.1 E 2.5(,u) --.92 G(_int \215ags\);)290.62 328.8 Q(int)108 352.8 Q -(mpool_sync \(MPOOL *mp\);)108 364.8 Q(int)108 388.8 Q -(mpool_close \(MPOOL *mp\);)108 400.8 Q F1(DESCRIPTION)72 417.6 Q/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(Mpool)108 429.6 Q F0 1.013(is the library interf)3.513 F -1.013(ace intended to pro)-.1 F 1.013(vide page oriented b)-.15 F(uf)-.2 E -1.012(fer management of \214les.)-.25 F 1.012(The b)6.012 F(uf)-.2 E(fers)-.25 -E(may be shared between processes.)108 441.6 Q .416(The function)108 458.4 R F3 -(mpool_open)2.916 E F0 .417(initializes a memory pool.)2.917 F(The)5.417 E F3 --.1(ke)2.917 G(y)-.2 E F0(ar)2.917 E .417(gument is the byte string used to ne) --.18 F(gotiate)-.15 E .697(between multiple processes wishing to share b)108 -470.4 R(uf)-.2 E 3.196(fers. If)-.25 F .696(the \214le b)3.196 F(uf)-.2 E .696 -(fers are mapped in shared memory)-.25 F 3.196(,a)-.65 G(ll)534.44 470.4 Q .894 -(processes using the same k)108 482.4 R 1.194 -.15(ey w)-.1 H .894 -(ill share the b).15 F(uf)-.2 E 3.394(fers. If)-.25 F F3 -.1(ke)3.394 G(y)-.2 E -F0 .895(is NULL, the b)3.395 F(uf)-.2 E .895(fers are mapped into pri)-.25 F --.25(va)-.25 G(te).25 E(memory)108 494.4 Q 5.116(.T)-.65 G(he)154.406 494.4 Q -F3(fd)2.616 E F0(ar)2.616 E .115(gument is a \214le descriptor for the underly\ -ing \214le, which must be seekable.)-.18 F(If)5.115 E F3 -.1(ke)2.615 G(y)-.2 E -F0 .115(is non-)2.615 F(NULL and matches a \214le already being mapped, the)108 -506.4 Q F3(fd)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(gument is ignored.)-.18 E(The)108 523.2 Q F3 -(pa)3.328 E -.1(ge)-.1 G(size).1 E F0(ar)3.329 E .829 -(gument is the size, in bytes, of the pages into which the \214le is brok)-.18 -F .829(en up.)-.1 F(The)5.829 E F3(maxcac)3.329 E(he)-.15 E F0(ar)108 535.2 Q -.153(gument is the maximum number of pages from the underlying \214le to cache\ - at an)-.18 F 2.653(yo)-.15 G .153(ne time.)451.308 535.2 R .153(This v)5.153 F -.153(alue is)-.25 F .099(not relati)108 547.2 R .399 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.599(ot) -.15 G .099(he number of processes which share a \214le')168.727 547.2 R 2.6(sb) --.55 G(uf)350.39 547.2 Q .1(fers, b)-.25 F .1(ut will be the lar)-.2 F .1 -(gest v)-.18 F .1(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F(an)108 559.2 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5 -(ft)129.79 559.2 S(he processes sharing the \214le.)138.4 559.2 Q(The)108 576 Q -F3(mpool_\214lter)3.254 E F0 .754(function is intended to mak)3.254 F 3.254(et) --.1 G .754(ransparent input and output processing of the pages possi-)301.778 -576 R 3.095(ble. If)108 588 R(the)3.095 E F3(pgin)3.095 E F0 .596 -(function is speci\214ed, it is called each time a b)3.095 F(uf)-.2 E .596 -(fer is read into the memory pool from the)-.25 F .125(backing \214le.)108 600 -R .125(If the)5.125 F F3(pgout)2.625 E F0 .125 -(function is speci\214ed, it is called each time a b)2.625 F(uf)-.2 E .125 -(fer is written into the backing \214le.)-.25 F .276 -(Both functions are are called with the)108 612 R F3(pgcookie)2.777 E F0 -(pointer)2.777 E 2.777(,t)-.4 G .277 -(he page number and a pointer to the page to being)337.27 612 R -(read or written.)108 624 Q .124(The function)108 640.8 R F3(mpool_ne)2.624 E -(w)-.15 E F0(tak)2.624 E .123(es an MPOOL pointer and an address as ar)-.1 F -2.623(guments. If)-.18 F 2.623(an)2.623 G .623 -.25(ew p)457.568 640.8 T .123 -(age can be allo-).25 F .944(cated, a pointer to the page is returned and the \ -page number is stored into the)108 652.8 R F3(pgnoaddr)3.445 E F0 3.445 -(address. Other)3.445 F(-)-.2 E(wise, NULL is returned and errno is set.)108 -664.8 Q 1.167(The function)108 681.6 R F3(mpool_g)3.667 E(et)-.1 E F0(tak)3.667 -E 1.167(es a MPOOL pointer and a page number as ar)-.1 F 3.666(guments. If)-.18 -F 1.166(the page e)3.666 F 1.166(xists, a)-.15 F .686 -(pointer to the page is returned.)108 693.6 R .687 -(Otherwise, NULL is returned and errno is set.)5.686 F .687 -(The \215ags parameter is not)5.687 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G -(istrib)132.57 732 Q 104.595(ution June)-.2 F(4, 1993)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 129.01(MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 129.01(anual MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R(currently used.)108 84 Q 1.463 -(The function)108 100.8 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mpool_put)3.963 E F0 1.462 -(unpins the page referenced by)3.962 F F1(pgaddr)3.962 E F0(.).73 E F1(Pgaddr) -6.462 E F0 1.462(must be an address pre)3.962 F(viously)-.25 E(returned by)108 -112.8 Q F1(mpool_g)2.5 E(et)-.1 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(mpool_ne)2.5 E(w)-.15 E F0 5 -(.T).31 G(he \215ag v)271.65 112.8 Q(alue is speci\214ed by)-.25 E F1(or)2.5 E -F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)434.74 112.8 S(he follo)443.35 112.8 Q -(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(MPOOL_DIR)108 129.6 Q(TY)-.6 E -(The page has been modi\214ed and needs to be written to the backing \214le.) -144 141.6 Q F1(Mpool_put)108 158.4 Q F0 -(returns 0 on success and -1 if an error occurs.)2.5 E .247(The function)108 -175.2 R F1(mpool_sync)2.747 E F0 .247(writes all modi\214ed pages associated w\ -ith the MPOOL pointer to the backing \214le.)2.747 F F1(Mpool_sync)108 187.2 Q -F0(returns 0 on success and -1 if an error occurs.)2.5 E(The)108 204 Q F1 -(mpool_close)2.698 E F0 .198(function free')2.698 F 2.698(su)-.55 G 2.698(pa) -245.432 204 S .498 -.15(ny a)257.57 204 T .198 -(llocated memory associated with the memory pool cookie.).15 F(Modi-)5.197 E -(\214ed pages are)108 216 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(not)2.5 E F0 -(written to the backing \214le.)2.5 E F1(Mpool_close)5 E F0 -(returns 0 on success and -1 if an error occurs.)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(ERR)72 232.8 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 244.8 Q F1(mpool_open)2.938 E F0 .438 -(function may f)2.938 F .438(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)2.938 E F0 .438(for an) -2.938 F 2.938(yo)-.15 G 2.938(ft)344.87 244.8 S .439 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine)353.918 244.8 R F1(mal-)2.939 E -(loc)108 256.8 Q F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 273.6 Q F1(mpool_g)2.5 E(et)-.1 E F0 -(function may f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0(for the follo)2.5 E -(wing:)-.25 E([EINV)108 290.4 Q 29.98(AL] The)-1.35 F(requested record doesn') -2.5 E 2.5(te)-.18 G(xist.)305.96 290.4 Q(The)108 307.2 Q F1(mpool_ne)4.073 E(w) --.15 E F0(and)4.073 E F1(mpool_g)4.073 E(et)-.1 E F0 1.573(functions may f) -4.073 F 1.573(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.073 E F0 1.573(for an)4.073 F 4.073 -(yo)-.15 G 4.073(ft)421.336 307.2 S 1.573(he errors speci\214ed for the)431.519 -307.2 R(library routines)108 319.2 Q F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(ad).37 E F0(\(2\)).77 E -F1 2.5(,w).54 G(rite)214.48 319.2 Q F0(\(2\)).18 E F1(,).54 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 -(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 336 Q F1(mpool_sync)4.287 E F0 1.787 -(function may f)4.287 F 1.787(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.288 E F0 1.788 -(for an)4.288 F 4.288(yo)-.15 G 4.288(ft)356.694 336 S 1.788 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine)367.092 336 R F1(write)108 348 Q -F0(\(2\).).18 E(The)108 364.8 Q F1(mpool_close)4.125 E F0 1.624(function may f) -4.125 F 1.624(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.124 E F0 1.624(for an)4.124 F 4.124 -(yo)-.15 G 4.124(ft)357.842 364.8 S 1.624 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine)368.076 364.8 R F1(fr)108 376.8 -Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E F3(SEE ALSO)72 393.6 Q F1(dbopen)108 405.6 Q F0 -(\(3\),).24 E F1(btr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),) -.28 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(cno).37 E F0(\(3\)).18 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5 -(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 104.595(ution June)-.2 F(4, 1993)2.5 E(2)535 732 -Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/docs/recno.3.ps b/src/util/db2/docs/recno.3.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 8ffccfca90..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/docs/recno.3.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,341 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 2 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 130.12(RECNO\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 130.12(anual RECNO\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 84 S -(ME).18 E F0(recno \255 record number database access method)108 96 Q F1 -(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <sys/types.h>)108 124.8 Q -(#include <db)108 136.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 153.6 Q F0 1.158 -(The routine)108 165.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbopen)3.658 E F0 1.158 -(is the library interf)3.658 F 1.158(ace to database \214les.)-.1 F 1.157 -(One of the supported \214le formats is record)6.158 F 1.159(number \214les.) -108 177.6 R 1.159(The general description of the database access methods is in) -6.159 F F3(dbopen)3.66 E F0 1.16(\(3\), this manual page).24 F -(describes only the recno speci\214c information.)108 189.6 Q 1.944 -(The record number data structure is either v)108 206.4 R 1.944 -(ariable or \214x)-.25 F 1.944 -(ed-length records stored in a \215at-\214le format,)-.15 F 2.04 -(accessed by the logical record number)108 218.4 R 7.04(.T)-.55 G 2.04(he e) -286.31 218.4 R 2.04(xistence of record number \214v)-.15 F 4.54(ei)-.15 G 2.04 -(mplies the e)442.1 218.4 R 2.04(xistence of)-.15 F .876 -(records one through four)108 230.4 R 3.376(,a)-.4 G .875 -(nd the deletion of record number one causes record number \214v)219.684 230.4 -R 3.375(et)-.15 G 3.375(ob)489.93 230.4 S 3.375(er)503.305 230.4 S(enum-)514.45 -230.4 Q .282(bered to record number four)108 242.4 R 2.782(,a)-.4 G 2.782(sw) -231.19 242.4 S .283(ell as the cursor)245.082 242.4 R 2.783(,i)-.4 G 2.783(fp) -316.633 242.4 S .283(ositioned after record number one, to shift do)327.746 -242.4 R .283(wn one)-.25 F(record.)108 254.4 Q .373 -(The recno access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 271.2 R .373 -(vided to)-.15 F F3(dbopen)2.873 E F0 .373(is de\214ned in the <db)2.873 F .373 -(.h> include \214le as)-.4 F(follo)108 283.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E(typedef struct {)108 -300 Q(u_long \215ags;)144 312 Q(u_int cachesize;)144 324 Q(u_int psize;)144 336 -Q(int lorder;)144 348 Q(size_t reclen;)144 360 Q(u_char b)144 372 Q -.25(va) --.15 G(l;).25 E(char *bfname;)144 384 Q 2.5(}R)108 396 S(ECNOINFO;)121.97 396 Q -(The elements of this structure are de\214ned as follo)108 412.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E -14.61(\215ags The)108 429.6 R(\215ag v)2.5 E(alue is speci\214ed by)-.25 E F3 -(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)313.2 429.6 S(he follo)321.81 -429.6 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_FIXEDLEN)144 446.4 Q .962 -(The records are \214x)180 458.4 R .963(ed-length, not byte delimited.)-.15 F -.963(The structure element)5.963 F F3 -.37(re)3.463 G(clen).37 E F0 -(speci\214es)3.463 E .345(the length of the record, and the structure element) -180 470.4 R F3(bval)2.844 E F0 .344(is used as the pad character)2.844 F 5.344 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)530.15 470.4 S .739 -(records, inserted into the database, that are less than)180 482.4 R F3 -.37 -(re)3.239 G(clen).37 E F0 .74(bytes long are automatically)3.239 F(padded.)180 -494.4 Q(R_NOKEY)144 511.2 Q 2.34(In the interf)180 523.2 R 2.34 -(ace speci\214ed by)-.1 F F3(dbopen)4.84 E F0 4.84(,t).24 G 2.34 -(he sequential record retrie)344.98 523.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 4.84<6c8c>.25 G 2.34 -(lls in both the)478.25 523.2 R(caller')180 535.2 Q 3.556(sk)-.55 G 1.357 -.15 -(ey a)217.336 535.2 T 1.057(nd data structures.).15 F 1.057 -(If the R_NOKEY \215ag is speci\214ed, the)6.057 F F3(cur)3.557 E(sor)-.1 E F0 -(routines)3.557 E .029(are not required to \214ll in the k)180 547.2 R .329 --.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.529(tructure. This).15 F .028(permits applications to retrie) -2.529 F .328 -.15(ve r)-.25 H .028(ecords at).15 F -(the end of \214les without reading all of the interv)180 559.2 Q -(ening records.)-.15 E(R_SN)144 576 Q(APSHO)-.35 E(T)-.4 E .964 -(This \215ag requires that a snapshot of the \214le be tak)180 588 R .965 -(en when)-.1 F F3(dbopen)3.465 E F0 .965(is called, instead of)3.465 F -(permitting an)180 600 Q 2.5(yu)-.15 G -(nmodi\214ed records to be read from the original \214le.)245.96 600 Q -(cachesize)108 616.8 Q 3.16(As)144 628.8 S .66 -(uggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache.)158.27 628.8 R .659 -(This v)5.659 F .659(alue is)-.25 F F2(only)3.159 E F0(advisory)3.159 E 3.159 -(,a)-.65 G .659(nd the)514.621 628.8 R .046 -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)144 640.8 R 2.546 -(ail. If)-.1 F F3(cac)2.546 E(hesize)-.15 E F0 2.546(is 0)2.546 F .046 -(\(no size is speci\214ed\) a)2.546 F(def)144 652.8 Q(ault cache is used.)-.1 E -12.95(psize The)108 669.6 R .715 -(recno access method stores the in-memory copies of its records in a btree.) -3.216 F .715(This v)5.715 F .715(alue is the)-.25 F .805 -(size \(in bytes\) of the pages used for nodes in that tree.)144 681.6 R(If) -5.805 E F3(psize)3.305 E F0 .806(is 0 \(no page size is speci\214ed\) a)3.305 F -1.468 -(page size is chosen based on the underlying \214le system I/O block size.)144 -693.6 R(See)6.467 E F3(btr)3.967 E(ee)-.37 E F0 1.467(\(3\) for more).18 F -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 96.815 -(ution August)-.2 F(18, 1994)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 130.12(RECNO\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5(sM) --.55 G 130.12(anual RECNO\(3\))340.17 48 R(information.)144 84 Q 9.62 -(lorder The)108 100.8 R 1.596(byte order for inte)4.096 F 1.596 -(gers in the stored database metadata.)-.15 F 1.597 -(The number should represent the)6.597 F .689(order as an inte)144 112.8 R .689 -(ger; for e)-.15 F .689(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .689 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.689 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(lor)3.189 E -(der)-.37 E F0 .688(is 0 \(no)3.189 F -(order is speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.)144 124.8 Q 9.07 -(reclen The)108 141.6 R(length of a \214x)2.5 E(ed-length record.)-.15 E -.15 -(bv)108 158.4 S 16.68(al The)-.1 F .182 -(delimiting byte to be used to mark the end of a record for v)2.682 F .183 -(ariable-length records, and the pad)-.25 F .809(character for \214x)144 170.4 -R .809(ed-length records.)-.15 F .809(If no v)5.809 F .809 -(alue is speci\214ed, ne)-.25 F .809(wlines \(`)-.25 F(`\\n')-.74 E .808 -('\) are used to mark the)-.74 F(end of v)144 182.4 Q -(ariable-length records and \214x)-.25 E -(ed-length records are padded with spaces.)-.15 E 3.51(bfname The)108 199.2 R -.505 -(recno access method stores the in-memory copies of its records in a btree.) -3.005 F .506(If bfname is non-)5.506 F .065(NULL, it speci\214es the name of t\ -he btree \214le, as if speci\214ed as the \214le name for a dbopen of a btree) -144 211.2 R(\214le.)144 223.2 Q .971(The data part of the k)108 240 R -.15(ey) --.1 G .972(/data pair used by the recno access method is the same as other acc\ -ess methods.).15 F .199(The k)108 252 R .499 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.699(sd).15 G(if) -157.507 252 Q 2.699(ferent. The)-.25 F F1(data)2.699 E F0 .199 -(\214eld of the k)2.699 F .499 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .198 -(hould be a pointer to a memory location of type).15 F F1 -.37(re)2.698 G -(cno_t).37 E F0 2.698(,a).68 G(s)536.11 252 Q .505(de\214ned in the <db)108 264 -R .506(.h> include \214le.)-.4 F .506(This type is normally the lar)5.506 F -.506(gest unsigned inte)-.18 F .506(gral type a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .506 -(ilable to the).25 F 2.5(implementation. The)108 276 R F1(size)2.5 E F0 -(\214eld of the k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H(hould be the size of that type.).15 -E .706(Because there can be no meta-data associated with the underlying recno \ -access method \214les, an)108 292.8 R 3.206(yc)-.15 G(hanges)512.23 292.8 Q -1.262(made to the def)108 304.8 R 1.262(ault v)-.1 F 1.262(alues \(e.g. \214x) --.25 F 1.263(ed record length or byte separator v)-.15 F 1.263 -(alue\) must be e)-.25 F 1.263(xplicitly speci\214ed)-.15 F -(each time the \214le is opened.)108 316.8 Q .065(In the interf)108 333.6 R -.065(ace speci\214ed by)-.1 F F1(dbopen)2.564 E F0 2.564(,u).24 G .064 -(sing the)261.548 333.6 R F1(put)2.564 E F0(interf)2.564 E .064 -(ace to create a ne)-.1 F 2.564(wr)-.25 G .064 -(ecord will cause the creation of)414.44 333.6 R .755(multiple, empty records \ -if the record number is more than one greater than the lar)108 345.6 R .755 -(gest record currently in)-.18 F(the database.)108 357.6 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(ERR)72 374.4 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 386.4 Q F1 -.37(re)2.922 G(cno).37 E F0 -.421(access method routines may f)2.921 F .421(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)2.921 -E F0 .421(for an)2.921 F 2.921(yo)-.15 G 2.921(ft)377.933 386.4 S .421 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library rou-)386.964 386.4 R(tine)108 398.4 Q F1 -(dbopen)2.5 E F0(\(3\) or the follo).24 E(wing:)-.25 E([EINV)108 415.2 Q(AL]) --1.35 E(An attempt w)144 427.2 Q(as made to add a record to a \214x)-.1 E -(ed-length database that w)-.15 E(as too lar)-.1 E(ge to \214t.)-.18 E F2 -(SEE ALSO)72 444 Q F1(btr)108 456 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\)).18 E F1(dbopen)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).24 E F1(hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F1(mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1 -2.754(Document Pr)108 480 R 2.754(ocessing in a Relational Database System)-.45 -F F0 5.255(,M).32 G 2.755(ichael Stonebrak)362.13 480 R(er)-.1 E 5.255(,H)-.4 G -2.755(eidi Stettner)454.06 480 R 5.255(,J)-.4 G(oseph)516.67 480 Q -(Kalash, Antonin Guttman, Nadene L)108 492 Q -(ynn, Memorandum No. UCB/ERL M82/32, May 1982.)-.55 E F2 -.09(BU)72 508.8 S(GS) -.09 E F0(Only big and little endian byte order is supported.)108 520.8 Q -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 96.815 -(ution August)-.2 F(18, 1994)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index e8cbe63bd7..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/hash -mydir=hash -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS= hash.o hash_bigkey.o hash_debug.o hash_func.o hash_log2.o \ - hash_page.o hsearch.o dbm.o - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../mpool \ - -I$(srcdir)/../db - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index 87746f721e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.2 (Berkeley) 11/7/95 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/hash - -SRCS+= hash.c hash_bigkey.c hash_buf.c hash_func.c hash_log2.c \ - hash_page.c hsearch.c dbm.c diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/dbm.c b/src/util/db2/hash/dbm.c deleted file mode 100644 index 58c9df7383..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/dbm.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,356 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dbm.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include "db-int.h" - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-ndbm.h" -#include "db-dbm.h" -#include "hash.h" - -/* If the two size fields of datum and DBMT are not equal, then - * casting between structures will result in stack garbage being - * transfered. Has been observed for DEC Alpha OSF, but will handle - * the general case. - */ - -#define NEED_COPY - -/* - * - * This package provides dbm and ndbm compatible interfaces to DB. - * First are the DBM routines, which call the NDBM routines, and - * the NDBM routines, which call the DB routines. - */ -static DBM *__cur_db; - -static void no_open_db __P((void)); - -int -kdb2_dbminit(file) - char *file; -{ - if (__cur_db != NULL) - (void)kdb2_dbm_close(__cur_db); - if ((__cur_db = kdb2_dbm_open(file, O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0)) != NULL) - return (0); - if ((__cur_db = kdb2_dbm_open(file, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0)) != NULL) - return (0); - return (-1); -} - -datum -kdb2_fetch(key) - datum key; -{ - datum item; - - if (__cur_db == NULL) { - no_open_db(); - item.dptr = 0; - return (item); - } - return (kdb2_dbm_fetch(__cur_db, key)); -} - -datum -kdb2_firstkey() -{ - datum item; - - if (__cur_db == NULL) { - no_open_db(); - item.dptr = 0; - return (item); - } - return (kdb2_dbm_firstkey(__cur_db)); -} - -datum -kdb2_nextkey(key) - datum key; -{ - datum item; - - if (__cur_db == NULL) { - no_open_db(); - item.dptr = 0; - return (item); - } - return (kdb2_dbm_nextkey(__cur_db)); -} - -int -kdb2_delete(key) - datum key; -{ - if (__cur_db == NULL) { - no_open_db(); - return (-1); - } - return (kdb2_dbm_delete(__cur_db, key)); -} - -int -kdb2_store(key, dat) - datum key, dat; -{ - if (__cur_db == NULL) { - no_open_db(); - return (-1); - } - return (kdb2_dbm_store(__cur_db, key, dat, DBM_REPLACE)); -} - -static void -no_open_db() -{ - (void)fprintf(stderr, "dbm: no open database.\n"); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * *DBM on success - * NULL on failure - */ -DBM * -kdb2_dbm_open(file, flags, mode) - const char *file; - int flags, mode; -{ - HASHINFO info; - char path[MAXPATHLEN]; - - info.bsize = 4096; - info.ffactor = 40; - info.nelem = 1; - info.cachesize = 0; - info.hash = NULL; - info.lorder = 0; - (void)strncpy(path, file, sizeof(path) - 1); - path[sizeof(path) - 1] = '\0'; - (void)strncat(path, DBM_SUFFIX, sizeof(path) - 1 - strlen(path)); - return ((DBM *)__hash_open(path, flags, mode, &info, 0)); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * Nothing. - */ -void -kdb2_dbm_close(db) - DBM *db; -{ - (void)(db->close)(db); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * DATUM on success - * NULL on failure - */ -datum -kdb2_dbm_fetch(db, key) - DBM *db; - datum key; -{ - datum retval; - int status; - -#ifdef NEED_COPY - DBT k, r; - - k.data = key.dptr; - k.size = key.dsize; - status = (db->get)(db, &k, &r, 0); - retval.dptr = r.data; - retval.dsize = r.size; -#else - status = (db->get)(db, (DBT *)&key, (DBT *)&retval, 0); -#endif - if (status) { - retval.dptr = NULL; - retval.dsize = 0; - } - return (retval); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * DATUM on success - * NULL on failure - */ -datum -kdb2_dbm_firstkey(db) - DBM *db; -{ - int status; - datum retkey; - -#ifdef NEED_COPY - DBT k, r; - - status = (db->seq)(db, &k, &r, R_FIRST); - retkey.dptr = k.data; - retkey.dsize = k.size; -#else - datum retdata; - - status = (db->seq)(db, (DBT *)&retkey, (DBT *)&retdata, R_FIRST); -#endif - if (status) - retkey.dptr = NULL; - return (retkey); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * DATUM on success - * NULL on failure - */ -datum -kdb2_dbm_nextkey(db) - DBM *db; -{ - int status; - datum retkey; - -#ifdef NEED_COPY - DBT k, r; - - status = (db->seq)(db, &k, &r, R_NEXT); - retkey.dptr = k.data; - retkey.dsize = k.size; -#else - datum retdata; - - status = (db->seq)(db, (DBT *)&retkey, (DBT *)&retdata, R_NEXT); -#endif - if (status) - retkey.dptr = NULL; - return (retkey); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 on success - * <0 failure - */ -int -kdb2_dbm_delete(db, key) - DBM *db; - datum key; -{ - int status; - -#ifdef NEED_COPY - DBT k; - - k.data = key.dptr; - k.size = key.dsize; - status = (db->del)(db, &k, 0); -#else - status = (db->del)(db, (DBT *)&key, 0); -#endif - if (status) - return (-1); - else - return (0); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 on success - * <0 failure - * 1 if DBM_INSERT and entry exists - */ -int -kdb2_dbm_store(db, key, content, flags) - DBM *db; - datum key, content; - int flags; -{ -#ifdef NEED_COPY - DBT k, c; - - k.data = key.dptr; - k.size = key.dsize; - c.data = content.dptr; - c.size = content.dsize; - return ((db->put)(db, &k, &c, - (flags == DBM_INSERT) ? R_NOOVERWRITE : 0)); -#else - return ((db->put)(db, (DBT *)&key, (DBT *)&content, - (flags == DBM_INSERT) ? R_NOOVERWRITE : 0)); -#endif -} - -int -kdb2_dbm_error(db) - DBM *db; -{ - HTAB *hp; - - hp = (HTAB *)db->internal; - return (hp->local_errno); -} - -int -kdb2_dbm_clearerr(db) - DBM *db; -{ - HTAB *hp; - - hp = (HTAB *)db->internal; - hp->local_errno = 0; - return (0); -} - -int -kdb2_dbm_dirfno(db) - DBM *db; -{ - return(((HTAB *)db->internal)->fp); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/extern.h b/src/util/db2/hash/extern.h deleted file mode 100644 index 872b6b0fef..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/extern.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,109 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)extern.h 8.8 (Berkeley) 11/7/95 - */ - -#define __add_bigpage __kdb2_add_bigpage -#define __add_ovflpage __kdb2_add_ovflpage -#define __addel __kdb2_addel -#define __alloc_tmp __kdb2_alloc_tmp -#define __big_delete __kdb2_big_delete -#define __big_insert __kdb2_big_insert -#define __big_keydata __kdb2_big_keydata -#define __big_return __kdb2_big_return -#define __call_hash __kdb2_call_hash -#define __cursor_creat __kdb2_cursor_creat -#define __delete_page __kdb2_delete_page -#define __delpair __kdb2_delpair -#define __expand_table __kdb2_expand_table -#define __find_bigpair __kdb2_find_bigpair -#define __free_ovflpage __kdb2_free_ovflpage -#define __get_bigkey __kdb2_get_bigkey -#define __get_buf __kdb2_get_buf -#define __get_item __kdb2_get_item -#define __get_item_done __kdb2_get_item_done -#define __get_item_first __kdb2_get_item_first -#define __get_item_next __kdb2_get_item_next -#define __get_item_reset __kdb2_get_item_reset -#define __get_page __kdb2_get_page -#define __ibitmap __kdb2_ibitmap -#define __log2 __kdb2_log2 -#define __new_page __kdb2_new_page -#define __pgin_routine __kdb2_pgin_routine -#define __pgout_routine __kdb2_pgout_routine -#define __put_buf __kdb2_put_buf -#define __put_page __kdb2_put_page -#define __reclaim_tmp __kdb2_reclaim_tmp -#define __split_page __kdb2_split_page - -PAGE16 *__add_bigpage __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, indx_t, const u_int8_t)); -PAGE16 *__add_ovflpage __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *)); -int32_t __addel __P((HTAB *, ITEM_INFO *, - const DBT *, const DBT *, u_int32_t, const u_int8_t)); -u_int32_t __alloc_tmp __P((HTAB*)); -int32_t __big_delete __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, indx_t)); -int32_t __big_insert __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, const DBT *, const DBT *)); -int32_t __big_keydata __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, DBT *, DBT *, int32_t)); -int32_t __big_return __P((HTAB *, ITEM_INFO *, DBT *, int32_t)); -u_int32_t __call_hash __P((HTAB *, int8_t *, int32_t)); -CURSOR *__cursor_creat __P((const DB *)); -int32_t __delete_page __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, int32_t)); -int32_t __delpair __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *, ITEM_INFO *)); -int32_t __expand_table __P((HTAB *)); -int32_t __find_bigpair __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *, int8_t *, int32_t)); -void __free_ovflpage __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *)); -int32_t __get_bigkey __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, indx_t, DBT *)); -PAGE16 *__get_buf __P((HTAB *, u_int32_t, int32_t)); -u_int32_t __get_item __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *, DBT *, DBT *, ITEM_INFO *)); -u_int32_t __get_item_done __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *)); -u_int32_t __get_item_first __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *, DBT *, DBT *, ITEM_INFO *)); -u_int32_t __get_item_next __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *, DBT *, DBT *, ITEM_INFO *)); -u_int32_t __get_item_reset __P((HTAB *, CURSOR *)); -PAGE16 *__get_page __P((HTAB *, u_int32_t, int32_t)); -int32_t __ibitmap __P((HTAB *, int32_t, int32_t, int32_t)); -u_int32_t __log2 __P((u_int32_t)); -int32_t __new_page __P((HTAB *, u_int32_t, int32_t)); -void __pgin_routine __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); -void __pgout_routine __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); -u_int32_t __put_buf __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, u_int32_t)); -int32_t __put_page __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, int32_t, int32_t)); -void __reclaim_tmp __P((HTAB *)); -int32_t __split_page __P((HTAB *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t)); - -/* Default hash routine. */ -extern u_int32_t (*__default_hash) __P((const void *, size_t)); - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS -extern long hash_accesses, hash_bigpages, hash_collisions, hash_expansions; -extern long hash_overflow; -#endif diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c deleted file mode 100644 index 0e254938e9..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1068 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash.c 8.12 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> -#ifdef DEBUG -#include <assert.h> -#endif - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -static int32_t flush_meta __P((HTAB *)); -static int32_t hash_access __P((HTAB *, ACTION, const DBT *, DBT *)); -static int32_t hash_close __P((DB *)); -static int32_t hash_delete __P((const DB *, const DBT *, u_int32_t)); -static int32_t hash_fd __P((const DB *)); -static int32_t hash_get __P((const DB *, const DBT *, DBT *, u_int32_t)); -static int32_t hash_put __P((const DB *, DBT *, const DBT *, u_int32_t)); -static int32_t hash_seq __P((const DB *, DBT *, DBT *, u_int32_t)); -static int32_t hash_sync __P((const DB *, u_int32_t)); -static int32_t hdestroy __P((HTAB *)); -static int32_t cursor_get __P((const DB *, CURSOR *, DBT *, DBT *, \ - u_int32_t)); -static int32_t cursor_delete __P((const DB *, CURSOR *, u_int32_t)); -static HTAB *init_hash __P((HTAB *, const char *, const HASHINFO *)); -static int32_t init_htab __P((HTAB *, int32_t)); -#if DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN -static void swap_header __P((HTAB *)); -static void swap_header_copy __P((HASHHDR *, HASHHDR *)); -#endif -static u_int32_t hget_header __P((HTAB *, u_int32_t)); -static void hput_header __P((HTAB *)); - -#define RETURN_ERROR(ERR, LOC) { save_errno = ERR; goto LOC; } - -/* Return values */ -#define SUCCESS (0) -#define ERROR (-1) -#define ABNORMAL (1) - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS -u_int32_t hash_accesses, hash_collisions, hash_expansions, hash_overflows, - hash_bigpages; -#endif - -/************************** INTERFACE ROUTINES ***************************/ -/* OPEN/CLOSE */ - -extern DB * -__kdb2_hash_open(file, flags, mode, info, dflags) - const char *file; - int32_t flags, mode, dflags; - const HASHINFO *info; /* Special directives for create */ -{ - struct stat statbuf; - DB *dbp; - DBT mpool_key; - HTAB *hashp; - int32_t bpages, csize, new_table, save_errno, specified_file; - - if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_WRONLY) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (NULL); - } - if (!(hashp = (HTAB *)calloc(1, sizeof(HTAB)))) - return (NULL); - hashp->fp = -1; - - /* set this now, before file goes away... */ - specified_file = (file != NULL); - if (!file) { - file = tmpnam(NULL); - /* store the file name so that we can unlink it later */ - hashp->fname = file; -#ifdef DEBUG - fprintf(stderr, "Using file name %s.\n", file); -#endif - } - /* - * Even if user wants write only, we need to be able to read - * the actual file, so we need to open it read/write. But, the - * field in the hashp structure needs to be accurate so that - * we can check accesses. - */ - hashp->flags = flags; - hashp->save_file = specified_file && (hashp->flags & O_RDWR); - - new_table = 0; - if (!file || (flags & O_TRUNC) || - (stat(file, &statbuf) && (errno == ENOENT))) { - if (errno == ENOENT) - errno = 0; /* In case someone looks at errno. */ - new_table = 1; - } - if (file) { - if ((hashp->fp = open(file, flags|O_BINARY, mode)) == -1) - RETURN_ERROR(errno, error0); - (void)fcntl(hashp->fp, F_SETFD, 1); - } - - /* Process arguments to set up hash table header. */ - if (new_table) { - if (!(hashp = init_hash(hashp, file, info))) - RETURN_ERROR(errno, error1); - } else { - /* Table already exists */ - if (info && info->hash) - hashp->hash = info->hash; - else - hashp->hash = __default_hash; - - /* copy metadata from page into header */ - if (hget_header(hashp, - (info && info->bsize ? info->bsize : DEF_BUCKET_SIZE)) != - sizeof(HASHHDR)) - RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1); - - /* Verify file type, versions and hash function */ - if (hashp->hdr.magic != HASHMAGIC) - RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1); -#define OLDHASHVERSION 1 - if (hashp->hdr.version != HASHVERSION && - hashp->hdr.version != OLDHASHVERSION) - RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1); - if (hashp->hash(CHARKEY, sizeof(CHARKEY)) - != hashp->hdr.h_charkey) - RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1); - /* - * Figure out how many segments we need. Max_Bucket is the - * maximum bucket number, so the number of buckets is - * max_bucket + 1. - */ - - /* Read in bitmaps */ - bpages = (hashp->hdr.spares[hashp->hdr.ovfl_point] + - (hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1) >> - (hashp->hdr.bshift + BYTE_SHIFT); - - hashp->nmaps = bpages; - (void)memset(&hashp->mapp[0], 0, bpages * sizeof(u_int32_t *)); - } - - /* start up mpool */ - mpool_key.data = (u_int8_t *)file; - mpool_key.size = strlen(file); - - if (info && info->cachesize) - csize = info->cachesize / hashp->hdr.bsize; - else - csize = DEF_CACHESIZE / hashp->hdr.bsize; - hashp->mp = mpool_open(&mpool_key, hashp->fp, hashp->hdr.bsize, csize); - - if (!hashp->mp) - RETURN_ERROR(errno, error1); - mpool_filter(hashp->mp, __pgin_routine, __pgout_routine, hashp); - - /* - * For a new table, set up the bitmaps. - */ - if (new_table && - init_htab(hashp, info && info->nelem ? info->nelem : 1)) - goto error2; - - /* initialize the cursor queue */ - TAILQ_INIT(&hashp->curs_queue); - hashp->seq_cursor = NULL; - - - /* get a chunk of memory for our split buffer */ - hashp->split_buf = (PAGE16 *)malloc(hashp->hdr.bsize); - if (!hashp->split_buf) - goto error2; - - hashp->new_file = new_table; - - if (!(dbp = (DB *)malloc(sizeof(DB)))) - goto error2; - - dbp->internal = hashp; - dbp->close = hash_close; - dbp->del = hash_delete; - dbp->fd = hash_fd; - dbp->get = hash_get; - dbp->put = hash_put; - dbp->seq = hash_seq; - dbp->sync = hash_sync; - dbp->type = DB_HASH; - -#ifdef DEBUG - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "%s\n%s%lx\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%x\n%s%x\n%s%d\n%s%d\n", - "init_htab:", - "TABLE POINTER ", (void *)hashp, - "BUCKET SIZE ", hashp->hdr.bsize, - "BUCKET SHIFT ", hashp->hdr.bshift, - "FILL FACTOR ", hashp->hdr.ffactor, - "MAX BUCKET ", hashp->hdr.max_bucket, - "OVFL POINT ", hashp->hdr.ovfl_point, - "LAST FREED ", hashp->hdr.last_freed, - "HIGH MASK ", hashp->hdr.high_mask, - "LOW MASK ", hashp->hdr.low_mask, - "NKEYS ", hashp->hdr.nkeys); -#endif -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_overflows = hash_accesses = hash_collisions = hash_expansions = 0; - hash_bigpages = 0; -#endif - return (dbp); - -error2: - save_errno = errno; - hdestroy(hashp); - errno = save_errno; - return (NULL); - -error1: - if (hashp != NULL) - (void)close(hashp->fp); - -error0: - free(hashp); - errno = save_errno; - return (NULL); -} - -static int32_t -hash_close(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - int32_t retval; - - if (!dbp) - return (ERROR); - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - retval = hdestroy(hashp); - free(dbp); - return (retval); -} - -static int32_t -hash_fd(dbp) - const DB *dbp; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - if (!dbp) - return (ERROR); - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - if (hashp->fp == -1) { - errno = ENOENT; - return (-1); - } - return (hashp->fp); -} - -/************************** LOCAL CREATION ROUTINES **********************/ -static HTAB * -init_hash(hashp, file, info) - HTAB *hashp; - const char *file; - const HASHINFO *info; -{ - struct stat statbuf; - int32_t nelem; - - nelem = 1; - hashp->hdr.nkeys = 0; - hashp->hdr.lorder = DB_BYTE_ORDER; - hashp->hdr.bsize = DEF_BUCKET_SIZE; - hashp->hdr.bshift = DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT; - hashp->hdr.ffactor = DEF_FFACTOR; - hashp->hash = __default_hash; - memset(hashp->hdr.spares, 0, sizeof(hashp->hdr.spares)); - memset(hashp->hdr.bitmaps, 0, sizeof(hashp->hdr.bitmaps)); - - /* Fix bucket size to be optimal for file system */ - if (file != NULL) { - if (stat(file, &statbuf)) - return (NULL); - hashp->hdr.bsize = statbuf.st_blksize; - hashp->hdr.bshift = __log2(hashp->hdr.bsize); - } - if (info) { - if (info->bsize) { - /* Round pagesize up to power of 2 */ - hashp->hdr.bshift = __log2(info->bsize); - hashp->hdr.bsize = 1 << hashp->hdr.bshift; - if (hashp->hdr.bsize > MAX_BSIZE) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (NULL); - } - } - if (info->ffactor) - hashp->hdr.ffactor = info->ffactor; - if (info->hash) - hashp->hash = info->hash; - if (info->lorder) { - if ((info->lorder != DB_BIG_ENDIAN) && - (info->lorder != DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN)) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (NULL); - } - hashp->hdr.lorder = info->lorder; - } - } - return (hashp); -} - -/* - * Returns 0 on No Error - */ -static int32_t -init_htab(hashp, nelem) - HTAB *hashp; - int32_t nelem; -{ - int32_t l2, nbuckets; - - /* - * Divide number of elements by the fill factor and determine a - * desired number of buckets. Allocate space for the next greater - * power of two number of buckets. - */ - nelem = (nelem - 1) / hashp->hdr.ffactor + 1; - - l2 = __log2(MAX(nelem, 2)); - nbuckets = 1 << l2; - - hashp->hdr.spares[l2] = l2 + 1; - hashp->hdr.spares[l2 + 1] = l2 + 1; - hashp->hdr.ovfl_point = l2; - hashp->hdr.last_freed = 2; - - hashp->hdr.max_bucket = hashp->hdr.low_mask = nbuckets - 1; - hashp->hdr.high_mask = (nbuckets << 1) - 1; - - /* - * The number of header pages is the size of the header divided by - * the amount of freespace on header pages (the page size - the - * size of 1 integer where the length of the header info on that - * page is stored) plus another page if it didn't divide evenly. - */ - hashp->hdr.hdrpages = - (sizeof(HASHHDR) / (hashp->hdr.bsize - HEADER_OVERHEAD)) + - (((sizeof(HASHHDR) % (hashp->hdr.bsize - HEADER_OVERHEAD)) == 0) - ? 0 : 1); - - /* Create pages for these buckets */ - /* - for (i = 0; i <= hashp->hdr.max_bucket; i++) { - if (__new_page(hashp, (u_int32_t)i, A_BUCKET) != 0) - return (-1); - } - */ - - /* First bitmap page is at: splitpoint l2 page offset 1 */ - if (__ibitmap(hashp, OADDR_OF(l2, 1), l2 + 1, 0)) - return (-1); - - return (0); -} - -/* - * Functions to get/put hash header. We access the file directly. - */ -static u_int32_t -hget_header(hashp, page_size) - HTAB *hashp; - u_int32_t page_size; -{ - u_int32_t num_copied, i; - u_int8_t *hdr_dest; - - num_copied = 0; - i = 0; - - hdr_dest = (u_int8_t *)&hashp->hdr; - - /* - * XXX - * This should not be printing to stderr on a "normal" error case. - */ - lseek(hashp->fp, 0, SEEK_SET); - num_copied = read(hashp->fp, hdr_dest, sizeof(HASHHDR)); - if (num_copied != sizeof(HASHHDR)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hash: could not retrieve header"); - return (0); - } -#if DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN - swap_header(hashp); -#endif - return (num_copied); -} - -static void -hput_header(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - HASHHDR *whdrp; -#if DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN - HASHHDR whdr; -#endif - u_int32_t num_copied, i; - - num_copied = i = 0; - - whdrp = &hashp->hdr; -#if DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN - whdrp = &whdr; - swap_header_copy(&hashp->hdr, whdrp); -#endif - - lseek(hashp->fp, 0, SEEK_SET); - num_copied = write(hashp->fp, whdrp, sizeof(HASHHDR)); - if (num_copied != sizeof(HASHHDR)) - (void)fprintf(stderr, "hash: could not write hash header"); - return; -} - -/********************** DESTROY/CLOSE ROUTINES ************************/ - -/* - * Flushes any changes to the file if necessary and destroys the hashp - * structure, freeing all allocated space. - */ -static int32_t -hdestroy(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - int32_t save_errno; - - save_errno = 0; - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - { int i; - (void)fprintf(stderr, "hdestroy: accesses %ld collisions %ld\n", - hash_accesses, hash_collisions); - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "hdestroy: expansions %ld\n", hash_expansions); - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "hdestroy: overflows %ld\n", hash_overflows); - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "hdestroy: big key/data pages %ld\n", hash_bigpages); - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "keys %ld maxp %d\n", hashp->hdr.nkeys, hashp->hdr.max_bucket); - - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "spares[%d] = %d\n", i, hashp->hdr.spares[i]); - } -#endif - - if (flush_meta(hashp) && !save_errno) - save_errno = errno; - - /* Free the split page */ - if (hashp->split_buf) - free(hashp->split_buf); - - /* Free the big key and big data returns */ - if (hashp->bigkey_buf) - free(hashp->bigkey_buf); - if (hashp->bigdata_buf) - free(hashp->bigdata_buf); - - /* XXX This should really iterate over the cursor queue, but - it's not clear how to do that, and the only cursor a hash - table ever creates is the one used by hash_seq(). Passing - NULL as the first arg is also a kludge, but I know that - it's never used, so I do it. The intent is to plug the - memory leak. Correctness can come later. */ - - if (hashp->seq_cursor) - hashp->seq_cursor->delete(NULL, hashp->seq_cursor, 0); - - /* shut down mpool */ - mpool_sync(hashp->mp); - mpool_close(hashp->mp); - - if (hashp->fp != -1) - (void)close(hashp->fp); - - /* - * *** This may cause problems if hashp->fname is set in any case - * other than the case that we are generating a temporary file name. - * Note that the new version of mpool should support temporary - * files within mpool itself. - */ - if (hashp->fname && !hashp->save_file) { -#ifdef DEBUG - fprintf(stderr, "Unlinking file %s.\n", hashp->fname); -#endif - /* we need to chmod the file to allow it to be deleted... */ - chmod(hashp->fname, 0700); - unlink(hashp->fname); - /* destroy the temporary name */ - tmpnam(NULL); - } - free(hashp); - - if (save_errno) { - errno = save_errno; - return (ERROR); - } - return (SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * Write modified pages to disk - * - * Returns: - * 0 == OK - * -1 ERROR - */ -static int32_t -hash_sync(dbp, flags) - const DB *dbp; - u_int32_t flags; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - - /* - * XXX - * Check success/failure conditions. - */ - return (flush_meta(hashp) || mpool_sync(hashp->mp)); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 == OK - * -1 indicates that errno should be set - */ -static int32_t -flush_meta(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - int32_t i; - - if (!hashp->save_file) - return (0); - hashp->hdr.magic = HASHMAGIC; - hashp->hdr.version = HASHVERSION; - hashp->hdr.h_charkey = hashp->hash(CHARKEY, sizeof(CHARKEY)); - - /* write out metadata */ - hput_header(hashp); - - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) - if (hashp->mapp[i]) { - if (__put_page(hashp, - (PAGE16 *)hashp->mapp[i], A_BITMAP, 1)) - return (-1); - hashp->mapp[i] = NULL; - } - return (0); -} - -/*******************************SEARCH ROUTINES *****************************/ -/* - * All the access routines return - * - * Returns: - * 0 on SUCCESS - * 1 to indicate an external ERROR (i.e. key not found, etc) - * -1 to indicate an internal ERROR (i.e. out of memory, etc) - */ - -/* *** make sure this is true! */ - -static int32_t -hash_get(dbp, key, data, flag) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - DBT *data; - u_int32_t flag; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - if (flag) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EINVAL; - return (ERROR); - } - return (hash_access(hashp, HASH_GET, key, data)); -} - -static int32_t -hash_put(dbp, key, data, flag) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key; - const DBT *data; - u_int32_t flag; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - if (flag && flag != R_NOOVERWRITE) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EINVAL; - return (ERROR); - } - if ((hashp->flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EPERM; - return (ERROR); - } - return (hash_access(hashp, flag == R_NOOVERWRITE ? - HASH_PUTNEW : HASH_PUT, key, (DBT *)data)); -} - -static int32_t -hash_delete(dbp, key, flag) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - u_int32_t flag; /* Ignored */ -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - if (flag) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EINVAL; - return (ERROR); - } - if ((hashp->flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EPERM; - return (ERROR); - } - - return (hash_access(hashp, HASH_DELETE, key, NULL)); -} - -/* - * Assume that hashp has been set in wrapper routine. - */ -static int32_t -hash_access(hashp, action, key, val) - HTAB *hashp; - ACTION action; - const DBT *key; - DBT *val; -{ - DBT page_key, page_val; - CURSOR cursor; - ITEM_INFO item_info; - u_int32_t bucket; - u_int32_t num_items; - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_accesses++; -#endif - - num_items = 0; - - /* - * Set up item_info so that we're looking for space to add an item - * as we cycle through the pages looking for the key. - */ - if (action == HASH_PUT || action == HASH_PUTNEW) { - if (ISBIG(key->size + val->size, hashp)) - item_info.seek_size = PAIR_OVERHEAD; - else - item_info.seek_size = key->size + val->size; - } else - item_info.seek_size = 0; - item_info.seek_found_page = 0; - - bucket = __call_hash(hashp, (int8_t *)key->data, key->size); - - cursor.pagep = NULL; - __get_item_reset(hashp, &cursor); - - cursor.bucket = bucket; - while (1) { - __get_item_next(hashp, &cursor, &page_key, &page_val, &item_info); - if (item_info.status == ITEM_ERROR) - return (ABNORMAL); - if (item_info.status == ITEM_NO_MORE) - break; - num_items++; - if (item_info.key_off == BIGPAIR) { - /* - * !!! - * 0 is a valid index. - */ - if (__find_bigpair(hashp, &cursor, (int8_t *)key->data, - key->size) > 0) - goto found; - } else if (key->size == page_key.size && - !memcmp(key->data, page_key.data, key->size)) - goto found; - } -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_collisions++; -#endif - __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - - /* - * At this point, item_info will list either the last page in - * the chain, or the last page in the chain plus a pgno for where - * to find the first page in the chain with space for the - * item we wish to add. - */ - - /* Not found */ - switch (action) { - case HASH_PUT: - case HASH_PUTNEW: - if (__addel(hashp, &item_info, key, val, num_items, 0)) - return (ERROR); - break; - case HASH_GET: - case HASH_DELETE: - default: - return (ABNORMAL); - } - - if (item_info.caused_expand) - __expand_table(hashp); - return (SUCCESS); - -found: __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - - switch (action) { - case HASH_PUTNEW: - /* mpool_put(hashp->mp, pagep, 0); */ - return (ABNORMAL); - case HASH_GET: - if (item_info.key_off == BIGPAIR) { - if (__big_return(hashp, &item_info, val, 0)) - return (ERROR); - } else { - val->data = page_val.data; - val->size = page_val.size; - } - /* *** data may not be available! */ - break; - case HASH_PUT: - if (__delpair(hashp, &cursor, &item_info) || - __addel(hashp, &item_info, key, val, UNKNOWN, 0)) - return (ERROR); - __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - if (item_info.caused_expand) - __expand_table(hashp); - break; - case HASH_DELETE: - if (__delpair(hashp, &cursor, &item_info)) - return (ERROR); - break; - default: - abort(); - } - return (SUCCESS); -} - -/* ****************** CURSORS ********************************** */ -CURSOR * -__cursor_creat(dbp) - const DB *dbp; -{ - CURSOR *new_curs; - HTAB *hashp; - - new_curs = (CURSOR *)malloc(sizeof(struct cursor_t)); - if (!new_curs) - return NULL; - new_curs->internal = - (struct item_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct item_info)); - if (!new_curs->internal) { - free(new_curs); - return NULL; - } - new_curs->get = cursor_get; - new_curs->delete = cursor_delete; - - new_curs->bucket = 0; - new_curs->pgno = INVALID_PGNO; - new_curs->ndx = 0; - new_curs->pgndx = 0; - new_curs->pagep = NULL; - - /* place onto queue of cursors */ - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&hashp->curs_queue, new_curs, queue); - - return new_curs; -} - -static int32_t -cursor_get(dbp, cursorp, key, val, flags) - const DB *dbp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - DBT *key, *val; - u_int32_t flags; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - ITEM_INFO item_info; - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - - if (flags && flags != R_FIRST && flags != R_NEXT) { - hashp->local_errno = errno = EINVAL; - return (ERROR); - } -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_accesses++; -#endif - - item_info.seek_size = 0; - - if (flags == R_FIRST) - __get_item_first(hashp, cursorp, key, val, &item_info); - else - __get_item_next(hashp, cursorp, key, val, &item_info); - - /* - * This needs to be changed around. As is, get_item_next advances - * the pointers on the page but this function actually advances - * bucket pointers. This works, since the only other place we - * use get_item_next is in hash_access which only deals with one - * bucket at a time. However, there is the problem that certain other - * functions (such as find_bigpair and delpair) depend on the - * pgndx member of the cursor. Right now, they are using pngdx - 1 - * since indices refer to the __next__ item that is to be fetched - * from the page. This is ugly, as you may have noticed, whoever - * you are. The best solution would be to depend on item_infos to - * deal with _current_ information, and have the cursors only - * deal with _next_ information. In that scheme, get_item_next - * would also advance buckets. Version 3... - */ - - - /* - * Must always enter this loop to do error handling and - * check for big key/data pair. - */ - while (1) { - if (item_info.status == ITEM_OK) { - if (item_info.key_off == BIGPAIR && - __big_keydata(hashp, cursorp->pagep, key, val, - item_info.pgndx)) - return (ABNORMAL); - - break; - } else if (item_info.status != ITEM_NO_MORE) - return (ABNORMAL); - - __put_page(hashp, cursorp->pagep, A_RAW, 0); - cursorp->ndx = cursorp->pgndx = 0; - cursorp->bucket++; - cursorp->pgno = INVALID_PGNO; - cursorp->pagep = NULL; - if (cursorp->bucket > hashp->hdr.max_bucket) - return (ABNORMAL); - __get_item_next(hashp, cursorp, key, val, &item_info); - } - - __get_item_done(hashp, cursorp); - return (0); -} - -static int32_t -cursor_delete(dbp, cursor, flags) - const DB *dbp; - CURSOR *cursor; - u_int32_t flags; -{ - /* XXX this is empirically determined, so it might not be completely - correct, but it seems to work. At the very least it fixes - a memory leak */ - - free(cursor->internal); - free(cursor); - - return (0); -} - -static int32_t -hash_seq(dbp, key, val, flag) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key, *val; - u_int32_t flag; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - - /* - * Seq just uses the default cursor to go sequecing through the - * database. Note that the default cursor is the first in the list. - */ - - hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal; - if (!hashp->seq_cursor) - hashp->seq_cursor = __cursor_creat(dbp); - - return (hashp->seq_cursor->get(dbp, hashp->seq_cursor, key, val, flag)); -} - -/********************************* UTILITIES ************************/ - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 ==> OK - * -1 ==> Error - */ -int32_t -__expand_table(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - u_int32_t old_bucket, new_bucket; - int32_t spare_ndx; - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_expansions++; -#endif - new_bucket = ++hashp->hdr.max_bucket; - old_bucket = (hashp->hdr.max_bucket & hashp->hdr.low_mask); - - /* Get a page for this new bucket */ - if (__new_page(hashp, new_bucket, A_BUCKET) != 0) - return (-1); - - /* - * If the split point is increasing (hdr.max_bucket's log base 2 - * increases), we need to copy the current contents of the spare - * split bucket to the next bucket. - */ - spare_ndx = __log2(hashp->hdr.max_bucket + 1); - if (spare_ndx > hashp->hdr.ovfl_point) { - hashp->hdr.spares[spare_ndx] = hashp->hdr.spares[hashp->hdr.ovfl_point]; - hashp->hdr.ovfl_point = spare_ndx; - } - if (new_bucket > hashp->hdr.high_mask) { - /* Starting a new doubling */ - hashp->hdr.low_mask = hashp->hdr.high_mask; - hashp->hdr.high_mask = new_bucket | hashp->hdr.low_mask; - } - if (BUCKET_TO_PAGE(new_bucket) > MAX_PAGES(hashp)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hash: Cannot allocate new bucket. Pages exhausted.\n"); - return (-1); - } - /* Relocate records to the new bucket */ - return (__split_page(hashp, old_bucket, new_bucket)); -} - -u_int32_t -__call_hash(hashp, k, len) - HTAB *hashp; - int8_t *k; - int32_t len; -{ - int32_t n, bucket; - - n = hashp->hash(k, len); - bucket = n & hashp->hdr.high_mask; - if (bucket > hashp->hdr.max_bucket) - bucket = bucket & hashp->hdr.low_mask; - return (bucket); -} - -#if DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN -/* - * Hashp->hdr needs to be byteswapped. - */ -static void -swap_header_copy(srcp, destp) - HASHHDR *srcp, *destp; -{ - int32_t i; - - P_32_COPY(srcp->magic, destp->magic); - P_32_COPY(srcp->version, destp->version); - P_32_COPY(srcp->lorder, destp->lorder); - P_32_COPY(srcp->bsize, destp->bsize); - P_32_COPY(srcp->bshift, destp->bshift); - P_32_COPY(srcp->ovfl_point, destp->ovfl_point); - P_32_COPY(srcp->last_freed, destp->last_freed); - P_32_COPY(srcp->max_bucket, destp->max_bucket); - P_32_COPY(srcp->high_mask, destp->high_mask); - P_32_COPY(srcp->low_mask, destp->low_mask); - P_32_COPY(srcp->ffactor, destp->ffactor); - P_32_COPY(srcp->nkeys, destp->nkeys); - P_32_COPY(srcp->hdrpages, destp->hdrpages); - P_32_COPY(srcp->h_charkey, destp->h_charkey); - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) { - P_32_COPY(srcp->spares[i], destp->spares[i]); - P_16_COPY(srcp->bitmaps[i], destp->bitmaps[i]); - } -} - -static void -swap_header(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - HASHHDR *hdrp; - int32_t i; - - hdrp = &hashp->hdr; - - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->magic); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->version); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->lorder); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->bsize); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->bshift); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->ovfl_point); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->last_freed); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->max_bucket); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->high_mask); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->low_mask); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->ffactor); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->nkeys); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->hdrpages); - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->h_charkey); - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) { - M_32_SWAP(hdrp->spares[i]); - M_16_SWAP(hdrp->bitmaps[i]); - } -} -#endif /* DB_BYTE_ORDER == DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c.patch b/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c.patch deleted file mode 100644 index b72cc0d26d..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.c.patch +++ /dev/null @@ -1,109 +0,0 @@ -*** /tmp/,RCSt1a21714 Wed Apr 3 11:49:15 1996 ---- hash.c Wed Apr 3 08:43:04 1996 -*************** -*** 399,405 - /* Create pages for these buckets */ - /* - for (i = 0; i <= hashp->hdr.max_bucket; i++) { -! if (__new_page(hashp, i, A_BUCKET) != 0) - return (-1); - } - */ - ---- 399,405 ----- - /* Create pages for these buckets */ - /* - for (i = 0; i <= hashp->hdr.max_bucket; i++) { -! if (__new_page(hashp, (u_int32_t)i, A_BUCKET) != 0) - return (-1); - } - */ -*************** -*** 560,567 - * XXX - * Check success/failure conditions. - */ -! mpool_sync(hashp->mp); -! return (0); - } - - /* - ---- 560,566 ----- - * XXX - * Check success/failure conditions. - */ -! return (flush_meta(hashp) || mpool_sync(hashp->mp)); - } - - /* -*************** -*** 585,591 - hput_header(hashp); - - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) -! if (hashp->mapp[i]) - if (__put_page(hashp, - (PAGE16 *)hashp->mapp[i], A_BITMAP, 1)) - return (-1); - ---- 584,590 ----- - hput_header(hashp); - - for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) -! if (hashp->mapp[i]) { - if (__put_page(hashp, - (PAGE16 *)hashp->mapp[i], A_BITMAP, 1)) - return (-1); -*************** -*** 589,594 - if (__put_page(hashp, - (PAGE16 *)hashp->mapp[i], A_BITMAP, 1)) - return (-1); - return (0); - } - - ---- 588,595 ----- - if (__put_page(hashp, - (PAGE16 *)hashp->mapp[i], A_BITMAP, 1)) - return (-1); -+ hashp->mapp[i] = NULL; -+ } - return (0); - } - -*************** -*** 726,732 - #ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_collisions++; - #endif -- - __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - - /* - ---- 727,732 ----- - #ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_collisions++; - #endif - __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - - /* -*************** -*** 773,778 - if (__delpair(hashp, &cursor, &item_info) || - __addel(hashp, &item_info, key, val, UNKNOWN, 0)) - return (ERROR); - if (item_info.caused_expand) - __expand_table(hashp); - break; - ---- 773,779 ----- - if (__delpair(hashp, &cursor, &item_info) || - __addel(hashp, &item_info, key, val, UNKNOWN, 0)) - return (ERROR); -+ __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); - if (item_info.caused_expand) - __expand_table(hashp); - break; diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.h b/src/util/db2/hash/hash.h deleted file mode 100644 index b202fc9f22..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,196 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)hash.h 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/2/95 - */ - -#include "mpool.h" -#include "db-queue.h" - -/* Operations */ -typedef enum { - HASH_GET, HASH_PUT, HASH_PUTNEW, HASH_DELETE, HASH_FIRST, HASH_NEXT -} ACTION; - -/* cursor structure */ -typedef struct cursor_t { - TAILQ_ENTRY(cursor_t) queue; - int (*get) __P((const DB *, struct cursor_t *, DBT *, DBT *, \ - u_int32_t)); - int (*delete) __P((const DB *, struct cursor_t *, u_int32_t)); - db_pgno_t bucket; - db_pgno_t pgno; - indx_t ndx; - indx_t pgndx; - u_int16_t *pagep; - void *internal; -} CURSOR; - - -#define IS_BUCKET(X) ((X) & BUF_BUCKET) -#define IS_VALID(X) (!((X) & BUF_INVALID)) - -/* Hash Table Information */ -typedef struct hashhdr { /* Disk resident portion */ - int32_t magic; /* Magic NO for hash tables */ - int32_t version; /* Version ID */ - int32_t lorder; /* Byte Order */ - int32_t bsize; /* Bucket/Page Size */ - int32_t bshift; /* Bucket shift */ - int32_t ovfl_point; /* Where overflow pages are being allocated */ - int32_t last_freed; /* Last overflow page freed */ - int32_t max_bucket; /* ID of Maximum bucket in use */ - int32_t high_mask; /* Mask to modulo into entire table */ - int32_t low_mask; /* Mask to modulo into lower half of table */ - int32_t ffactor; /* Fill factor */ - int32_t nkeys; /* Number of keys in hash table */ - int32_t hdrpages; /* Size of table header */ - int32_t h_charkey; /* value of hash(CHARKEY) */ -#define NCACHED 32 /* number of bit maps and spare points */ - int32_t spares[NCACHED];/* spare pages for overflow */ - u_int16_t bitmaps[NCACHED]; /* address of overflow page bitmaps */ -} HASHHDR; - -typedef struct htab { /* Memory resident data structure */ - TAILQ_HEAD(_cursor_queue, cursor_t) curs_queue; - HASHHDR hdr; /* Header */ - u_int32_t (*hash) __P((const void *, size_t)); /* Hash Function */ - int32_t flags; /* Flag values */ - int32_t fp; /* File pointer */ - const char *fname; /* File path */ - u_int8_t *bigdata_buf; /* Temporary Buffer for BIG data */ - u_int8_t *bigkey_buf; /* Temporary Buffer for BIG keys */ - u_int16_t *split_buf; /* Temporary buffer for splits */ - CURSOR *seq_cursor; /* Cursor used for hash_seq */ - int32_t local_errno; /* Error Number -- for DBM compatability */ - int32_t new_file; /* Indicates if fd is backing store or no */ - int32_t save_file; /* Indicates whether we need to flush file at - * exit */ - u_int32_t *mapp[NCACHED];/* Pointers to page maps */ - int32_t nmaps; /* Initial number of bitmaps */ - MPOOL *mp; /* mpool for buffer management */ -} HTAB; - -/* - * Constants - */ -#define MAX_BSIZE 65536 /* 2^16 */ -#define MIN_BUFFERS 6 -#define MINHDRSIZE 512 -#define DEF_CACHESIZE 65536 -#define DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT 12 /* log2(BUCKET) */ -#define DEF_BUCKET_SIZE (1<<DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT) -#define DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT 8 /* log2(SEGSIZE) */ -#define DEF_SEGSIZE (1<<DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT) -#define DEF_DIRSIZE 256 -#define DEF_FFACTOR 65536 -#define MIN_FFACTOR 4 -#define SPLTMAX 8 -#define CHARKEY "%$sniglet^&" -#define NUMKEY 1038583 -#define BYTE_SHIFT 3 -#define INT32_T_TO_BYTE 2 -#define INT32_T_BYTE_SHIFT 5 -#define ALL_SET ((u_int32_t)0xFFFFFFFF) -#define ALL_CLEAR 0 - -#define PTROF(X) ((BUFHEAD *)((ptr_t)(X)&~0x3)) -#define ISMOD(X) ((ptr_t)(X)&0x1) -#define DOMOD(X) ((X) = (int8_t *)((ptr_t)(X)|0x1)) -#define ISDISK(X) ((ptr_t)(X)&0x2) -#define DODISK(X) ((X) = (int8_t *)((ptr_t)(X)|0x2)) - -#define BITS_PER_MAP 32 - -/* Given the address of the beginning of a big map, clear/set the nth bit */ -#define CLRBIT(A, N) ((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] &= ~(1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP))) -#define SETBIT(A, N) ((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] |= (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP))) -#define ISSET(A, N) ((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] & (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP))) - -/* Overflow management */ -/* - * Overflow page numbers are allocated per split point. At each doubling of - * the table, we can allocate extra pages. So, an overflow page number has - * the top 5 bits indicate which split point and the lower 11 bits indicate - * which page at that split point is indicated (pages within split points are - * numberered starting with 1). - */ - -#define SPLITSHIFT 11 -#define SPLITMASK 0x7FF -#define SPLITNUM(N) (((u_int32_t)(N)) >> SPLITSHIFT) -#define OPAGENUM(N) ((N) & SPLITMASK) -#define OADDR_OF(S,O) ((u_int32_t)((u_int32_t)(S) << SPLITSHIFT) + (O)) - -#define BUCKET_TO_PAGE(B) \ - ((B) + hashp->hdr.hdrpages + ((B) \ - ? hashp->hdr.spares[__log2((B)+1)-1] : 0)) -#define OADDR_TO_PAGE(B) \ - (BUCKET_TO_PAGE ( (1 << SPLITNUM((B))) -1 ) + OPAGENUM((B))) - -#define POW2(N) (1 << (N)) - -#define MAX_PAGES(H) (DB_OFF_T_MAX / (H)->hdr.bsize) - -/* Shorthands for accessing structure */ -#define METADATA_PGNO 0 -#define SPLIT_PGNO 0xFFFF - -typedef struct item_info { - db_pgno_t pgno; - db_pgno_t bucket; - indx_t ndx; - indx_t pgndx; - u_int8_t status; - int32_t seek_size; - db_pgno_t seek_found_page; - indx_t key_off; - indx_t data_off; - u_int8_t caused_expand; -} ITEM_INFO; - - -#define ITEM_ERROR 0 -#define ITEM_OK 1 -#define ITEM_NO_MORE 2 - -#define ITEM_GET_FIRST 0 -#define ITEM_GET_NEXT 1 -#define ITEM_GET_RESET 2 -#define ITEM_GET_DONE 3 -#define ITEM_GET_N 4 - -#define UNKNOWN 0xffffffff /* for num_items */ -#define NO_EXPAND 0xfffffffe diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_bigkey.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash_bigkey.c deleted file mode 100644 index 06210a57cc..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_bigkey.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,483 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash_bigkey.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 11/2/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -/* - * PACKAGE: hash - * DESCRIPTION: - * Big key/data handling for the hashing package. - * - * ROUTINES: - * External - * __big_keydata - * __big_split - * __big_insert - * __big_return - * __big_delete - * __find_last_page - * Internal - * collect_key - * collect_data - */ -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#ifdef DEBUG -#include <assert.h> -#endif - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -static int32_t collect_key __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, int32_t, db_pgno_t *)); -static int32_t collect_data __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, int32_t)); - -/* - * Big_insert - * - * You need to do an insert and the key/data pair is greater than - * MINFILL * the bucket size - * - * Returns: - * 0 ==> OK - * -1 ==> ERROR - */ -int32_t -__big_insert(hashp, pagep, key, val) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - const DBT *key, *val; -{ - size_t key_size, val_size; - indx_t key_move_bytes, val_move_bytes; - int8_t *key_data, *val_data, base_page; - - key_data = (int8_t *)key->data; - key_size = key->size; - val_data = (int8_t *)val->data; - val_size = val->size; - - NUM_ENT(pagep) = NUM_ENT(pagep) + 1; - - for (base_page = 1; key_size + val_size;) { - /* Add a page! */ - pagep = - __add_bigpage(hashp, pagep, NUM_ENT(pagep) - 1, base_page); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - /* There's just going to be one entry on this page. */ - NUM_ENT(pagep) = 1; - - /* Move the key's data. */ - key_move_bytes = MIN(FREESPACE(pagep), key_size); - /* Mark the page as to how much key & data is on this page. */ - BIGKEYLEN(pagep) = key_move_bytes; - val_move_bytes = - MIN(FREESPACE(pagep) - key_move_bytes, val_size); - BIGDATALEN(pagep) = val_move_bytes; - - /* Note big pages build beginning --> end, not vice versa. */ - if (key_move_bytes) - memmove(BIGKEY(pagep), key_data, key_move_bytes); - if (val_move_bytes) - memmove(BIGDATA(pagep), val_data, val_move_bytes); - - key_size -= key_move_bytes; - key_data += key_move_bytes; - val_size -= val_move_bytes; - val_data += val_move_bytes; - - base_page = 0; - } - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - return (0); -} - -/* - * Called when we need to delete a big pair. - * - * Returns: - * 0 => OK - * -1 => ERROR - */ -int32_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -__big_delete(HTAB *hashp, PAGE16 *pagep, indx_t ndx) -#else -__big_delete(hashp, pagep, ndx) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - u_int32_t ndx; /* Index of big pair on base page. */ -#endif -{ - PAGE16 *last_pagep; - - /* Get first page with big key/data. */ - pagep = __get_page(hashp, OADDR_TO_PAGE(DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx)), A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - /* - * Traverse through the pages, freeing the previous one (except - * the first) at each new page. - */ - while (NEXT_PGNO(pagep) != INVALID_PGNO) { - last_pagep = pagep; - pagep = __get_page(hashp, NEXT_PGNO(pagep), A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - __delete_page(hashp, last_pagep, A_OVFL); - } - - /* Free the last page in the chain. */ - __delete_page(hashp, pagep, A_OVFL); - return (0); -} - -/* - * Given a key, indicates whether the big key at cursorp matches the - * given key. - * - * Returns: - * 1 = Found! - * 0 = Key not found - * -1 error - */ -int32_t -__find_bigpair(hashp, cursorp, key, size) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - int8_t *key; - int32_t size; -{ - PAGE16 *pagep, *hold_pagep; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - int32_t ksize; - u_int16_t bytes; - int8_t *kkey; - - ksize = size; - kkey = key; - bytes = 0; - - hold_pagep = NULL; - /* Chances are, hashp->cpage is the base page. */ - if (cursorp->pagep) - pagep = hold_pagep = cursorp->pagep; - else { - pagep = __get_page(hashp, cursorp->pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - - /* - * Now, get the first page with the big stuff on it. - * - * XXX - * KLUDGE: we know that cursor is looking at the _next_ item, so - * we have to look at pgndx - 1. - */ - next_pgno = OADDR_TO_PAGE(DATA_OFF(pagep, (cursorp->pgndx - 1))); - if (!hold_pagep) - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - /* While there are both keys to compare. */ - while ((ksize > 0) && (BIGKEYLEN(pagep))) { - if (ksize < KEY_OFF(pagep, 0) || - memcmp(BIGKEY(pagep), kkey, BIGKEYLEN(pagep))) { - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - return (0); - } - kkey += BIGKEYLEN(pagep); - ksize -= BIGKEYLEN(pagep); - if (NEXT_PGNO(pagep) != INVALID_PGNO) { - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - } - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(ksize >= 0); -#endif - if (ksize != 0) { -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - ++hash_collisions; -#endif - return (0); - } else - return (1); -} - -/* - * Fill in the key and data for this big pair. - */ -int32_t -__big_keydata(hashp, pagep, key, val, ndx) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - DBT *key, *val; - int32_t ndx; -{ - ITEM_INFO ii; - PAGE16 *key_pagep; - db_pgno_t last_page; - - key_pagep = - __get_page(hashp, OADDR_TO_PAGE(DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx)), A_RAW); - if (!key_pagep) - return (-1); - key->size = collect_key(hashp, key_pagep, 0, &last_page); - key->data = hashp->bigkey_buf; - __put_page(hashp, key_pagep, A_RAW, 0); - - if (key->size == -1) - return (-1); - - /* Create an item_info to direct __big_return to the beginning pgno. */ - ii.pgno = last_page; - return (__big_return(hashp, &ii, val, 1)); -} - -/* - * Return the big key on page, ndx. - */ -int32_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -__get_bigkey(HTAB *hashp, PAGE16 *pagep, indx_t ndx, DBT *key) -#else -__get_bigkey(hashp, pagep, ndx, key) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - u_int32_t ndx; - DBT *key; -#endif -{ - PAGE16 *key_pagep; - - key_pagep = - __get_page(hashp, OADDR_TO_PAGE(DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx)), A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - key->size = collect_key(hashp, key_pagep, 0, NULL); - key->data = hashp->bigkey_buf; - - __put_page(hashp, key_pagep, A_RAW, 0); - - return (0); -} - -/* - * Return the big key and data indicated in item_info. - */ -int32_t -__big_return(hashp, item_info, val, on_bigkey_page) - HTAB *hashp; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; - DBT *val; - int32_t on_bigkey_page; -{ - PAGE16 *pagep; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - - if (!on_bigkey_page) { - /* Get first page with big pair on it. */ - pagep = __get_page(hashp, - OADDR_TO_PAGE(item_info->data_off), A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } else { - pagep = __get_page(hashp, item_info->pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - - /* Traverse through the bigkey pages until a page with data is found. */ - while (!BIGDATALEN(pagep)) { - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - - val->size = collect_data(hashp, pagep, 0); - if (val->size < 1) - return (-1); - val->data = (void *)hashp->bigdata_buf; - - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - return (0); -} - -/* - * Given a page with a big key on it, traverse through the pages counting data - * length, and collect all of the data on the way up. Store the key in - * hashp->bigkey_buf. last_page indicates to the calling function what the - * last page with key on it is; this will help if you later want to retrieve - * the data portion. - * - * Does the work for __get_bigkey. - * - * Return total length of data; -1 if error. - */ -static int32_t -collect_key(hashp, pagep, len, last_page) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t len; - db_pgno_t *last_page; -{ - PAGE16 *next_pagep; - int32_t totlen, retval; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; -#ifdef DEBUG - db_pgno_t save_addr; -#endif - - /* If this is the last page with key. */ - if (BIGDATALEN(pagep)) { - totlen = len + BIGKEYLEN(pagep); - if (hashp->bigkey_buf) - free(hashp->bigkey_buf); - hashp->bigkey_buf = (u_int8_t *)malloc(totlen); - if (!hashp->bigkey_buf) - return (-1); - memcpy(hashp->bigkey_buf + len, - BIGKEY(pagep), BIGKEYLEN(pagep)); - if (last_page) - *last_page = ADDR(pagep); - return (totlen); - } - - /* Key filled up all of last key page, so we've gone 1 too far. */ - if (BIGKEYLEN(pagep) == 0) { - if (hashp->bigkey_buf) - free(hashp->bigkey_buf); - hashp->bigkey_buf = (u_int8_t *)malloc(len); - return (hashp->bigkey_buf ? len : -1); - } - totlen = len + BIGKEYLEN(pagep); - - /* Set pagep to the next page in the chain. */ - if (last_page) - *last_page = ADDR(pagep); - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - next_pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!next_pagep) - return (-1); -#ifdef DEBUG - save_addr = ADDR(pagep); -#endif - retval = collect_key(hashp, next_pagep, totlen, last_page); - -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(save_addr == ADDR(pagep)); -#endif - memcpy(hashp->bigkey_buf + len, BIGKEY(pagep), BIGKEYLEN(pagep)); - __put_page(hashp, next_pagep, A_RAW, 0); - - return (retval); -} - -/* - * Given a page with big data on it, recur through the pages counting data - * length, and collect all of the data on the way up. Store the data in - * hashp->bigdata_buf. - * - * Does the work for __big_return. - * - * Return total length of data; -1 if error. - */ -static int32_t -collect_data(hashp, pagep, len) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t len; -{ - PAGE16 *next_pagep; - int32_t totlen, retval; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; -#ifdef DEBUG - db_pgno_t save_addr; -#endif - - /* If there is no next page. */ - if (NEXT_PGNO(pagep) == INVALID_PGNO) { - if (hashp->bigdata_buf) - free(hashp->bigdata_buf); - totlen = len + BIGDATALEN(pagep); - hashp->bigdata_buf = (u_int8_t *)malloc(totlen); - if (!hashp->bigdata_buf) - return (-1); - memcpy(hashp->bigdata_buf + totlen - BIGDATALEN(pagep), - BIGDATA(pagep), BIGDATALEN(pagep)); - return (totlen); - } - totlen = len + BIGDATALEN(pagep); - - /* Set pagep to the next page in the chain. */ - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - next_pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!next_pagep) - return (-1); - -#ifdef DEBUG - save_addr = ADDR(pagep); -#endif - retval = collect_data(hashp, next_pagep, totlen); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(save_addr == ADDR(pagep)); -#endif - memcpy(hashp->bigdata_buf + totlen - BIGDATALEN(pagep), - BIGDATA(pagep), BIGDATALEN(pagep)); - __put_page(hashp, next_pagep, A_RAW, 0); - - return (retval); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_debug.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash_debug.c deleted file mode 100644 index 69229fc8df..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_debug.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,105 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1995 - * The President and Fellows of Harvard University - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Harvard by - * Jeremy Rassen. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash_debug.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#ifdef DEBUG -/* - * PACKAGE: hashing - * - * DESCRIPTION: - * Debug routines. - * - * ROUTINES: - * - * External - * __dump_bucket - */ -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -void -__dump_bucket(hashp, bucket) - HTAB *hashp; - u_int32_t bucket; -{ - CURSOR cursor; - DBT key, val; - ITEM_INFO item_info; - int var; - char *cp; - - cursor.pagep = NULL; - item_info.seek_size = 0; - item_info.seek_found_page = 0; - - __get_item_reset(hashp, &cursor); - - cursor.bucket = bucket; - for (;;) { - __get_item_next(hashp, &cursor, &key, &val, &item_info); - if (item_info.status == ITEM_ERROR) { - (void)printf("get_item_next returned error\n"); - break; - } else if (item_info.status == ITEM_NO_MORE) - break; - - if (item_info.key_off == BIGPAIR) { - if (__big_keydata(hashp, cursor.pagep, &key, &val, - item_info.pgndx)) { - (void)printf("__big_keydata returned error\n"); - break; - } - } - - if (key.size == sizeof(int)) { - memcpy(&var, key.data, sizeof(int)); - (void)printf("%d\n", var); - } else { - for (cp = (char *)key.data; key.size--; cp++) - (void)printf("%c", *cp); - (void)printf("\n"); - } - } - __get_item_done(hashp, &cursor); -} -#endif /* DEBUG */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_func.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash_func.c deleted file mode 100644 index 1dee694608..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_func.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash_func.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -#if 0 -static u_int32_t hash1 __P((const void *, size_t)); -static u_int32_t hash2 __P((const void *, size_t)); -static u_int32_t hash3 __P((const void *, size_t)); -#endif -static u_int32_t hash4 __P((const void *, size_t)); - -/* Default hash function. */ -u_int32_t (*__default_hash) __P((const void *, size_t)) = hash4; - -/* - * Assume that we've already split the bucket to which this key hashes, - * calculate that bucket, and check that in fact we did already split it. - * - * EJB's original hsearch hash. - */ -#define PRIME1 37 -#define PRIME2 1048583 - -#if 0 -static u_int32_t -hash1(key, len) - const void *key; - size_t len; -{ - u_int32_t h; - u_int8_t *k; - - h = 0; - k = (u_int8_t *)key; - /* Convert string to integer */ - while (len--) - h = h * PRIME1 ^ (*k++ - ' '); - h %= PRIME2; - return (h); -} - -/* - * Phong Vo's linear congruential hash - */ -#define dcharhash(h, c) ((h) = 0x63c63cd9*(h) + 0x9c39c33d + (c)) - -static u_int32_t -hash2(key, len) - const void *key; - size_t len; -{ - u_int32_t h; - u_int8_t *e, c, *k; - - k = (u_int8_t *)key; - e = k + len; - for (h = 0; k != e;) { - c = *k++; - if (!c && k > e) - break; - dcharhash(h, c); - } - return (h); -} - -/* - * This is INCREDIBLY ugly, but fast. We break the string up into 8 byte - * units. On the first time through the loop we get the "leftover bytes" - * (strlen % 8). On every other iteration, we perform 8 HASHC's so we handle - * all 8 bytes. Essentially, this saves us 7 cmp & branch instructions. If - * this routine is heavily used enough, it's worth the ugly coding. - * - * Ozan Yigit's original sdbm hash. - */ -static u_int32_t -hash3(key, len) - const void *key; - size_t len; -{ - u_int32_t n, loop; - u_int8_t *k; - -#define HASHC n = *k++ + 65599 * n - - n = 0; - k = (u_int8_t *)key; - if (len > 0) { - loop = (len + 8 - 1) >> 3; - - switch (len & (8 - 1)) { - case 0: - do { /* All fall throughs */ - HASHC; - case 7: - HASHC; - case 6: - HASHC; - case 5: - HASHC; - case 4: - HASHC; - case 3: - HASHC; - case 2: - HASHC; - case 1: - HASHC; - } while (--loop); - } - - } - return (n); -} -#endif - - -/* Chris Torek's hash function. */ -static u_int32_t -hash4(key, len) - const void *key; - size_t len; -{ - u_int32_t h, loop; - const u_int8_t *k; - -#define HASH4a h = (h << 5) - h + *k++; -#define HASH4b h = (h << 5) + h + *k++; -#define HASH4 HASH4b - - h = 0; - k = (const u_int8_t *)key; - if (len > 0) { - loop = (len + 8 - 1) >> 3; - - switch (len & (8 - 1)) { - case 0: - do { /* All fall throughs */ - HASH4; - case 7: - HASH4; - case 6: - HASH4; - case 5: - HASH4; - case 4: - HASH4; - case 3: - HASH4; - case 2: - HASH4; - case 1: - HASH4; - } while (--loop); - } - - } - return (h); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_log2.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash_log2.c deleted file mode 100644 index 8c710e5d21..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_log2.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,55 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash_log2.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -u_int32_t -__kdb2_log2(num) - u_int32_t num; -{ - u_int32_t i, limit; - - limit = 1; - for (i = 0; limit < num; limit = limit << 1, i++); - return (i); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_page.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hash_page.c deleted file mode 100644 index e25115d3f0..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hash_page.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1387 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash_page.c 8.11 (Berkeley) 11/7/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -/* - * PACKAGE: hashing - * - * DESCRIPTION: - * Page manipulation for hashing package. - * - * ROUTINES: - * - * External - * __get_page - * __add_ovflpage - * Internal - * overflow_page - * open_temp - */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#ifdef DEBUG -#include <assert.h> -#endif -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "hash.h" -#include "page.h" -#include "extern.h" - -static int32_t add_bigptr __P((HTAB *, ITEM_INFO *, indx_t)); -static u_int32_t *fetch_bitmap __P((HTAB *, int32_t)); -static u_int32_t first_free __P((u_int32_t)); -static indx_t next_realkey __P((PAGE16 *, indx_t)); -static u_int16_t overflow_page __P((HTAB *)); -static void page_init __P((HTAB *, PAGE16 *, db_pgno_t, u_int8_t)); -static indx_t prev_realkey __P((PAGE16 *, indx_t)); -static void putpair __P((PAGE8 *, const DBT *, const DBT *)); -static void swap_page_header_in __P((PAGE16 *)); -static void swap_page_header_out __P((PAGE16 *)); - -#ifdef DEBUG_SLOW -static void account_page(HTAB *, db_pgno_t, int); -#endif - -u_int32_t -__get_item(hashp, cursorp, key, val, item_info) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - DBT *key, *val; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; -{ - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - int32_t i; - - /* Check if we need to get a page. */ - if (!cursorp->pagep) { - if (cursorp->pgno == INVALID_PGNO) { - cursorp->pagep = - __get_page(hashp, cursorp->bucket, A_BUCKET); - cursorp->pgno = ADDR(cursorp->pagep); - cursorp->ndx = 0; - cursorp->pgndx = 0; - } else - cursorp->pagep = - __get_page(hashp, cursorp->pgno, A_RAW); - if (!cursorp->pagep) { - item_info->status = ITEM_ERROR; - return (-1); - } - } - if (item_info->seek_size && - FREESPACE(cursorp->pagep) > item_info->seek_size) - item_info->seek_found_page = cursorp->pgno; - - if (cursorp->pgndx == NUM_ENT(cursorp->pagep)) { - /* Fetch next page. */ - if (NEXT_PGNO(cursorp->pagep) == INVALID_PGNO) { - item_info->status = ITEM_NO_MORE; - return (-1); - } - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(cursorp->pagep); - cursorp->pgndx = 0; - __put_page(hashp, cursorp->pagep, A_RAW, 0); - cursorp->pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!cursorp->pagep) { - item_info->status = ITEM_ERROR; - return (-1); - } - cursorp->pgno = next_pgno; - } - if (KEY_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx) != BIGPAIR) { - if ((i = prev_realkey(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx)) == - cursorp->pgndx) - key->size = hashp->hdr.bsize - - KEY_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - else - key->size = DATA_OFF(cursorp->pagep, i) - - KEY_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - } - - /* - * All of this information will be set incorrectly for big keys, but - * it will be ignored anyway. - */ - val->size = KEY_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx) - - DATA_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - key->data = KEY(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - val->data = DATA(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - item_info->pgno = cursorp->pgno; - item_info->bucket = cursorp->bucket; - item_info->ndx = cursorp->ndx; - item_info->pgndx = cursorp->pgndx; - item_info->key_off = KEY_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - item_info->data_off = DATA_OFF(cursorp->pagep, cursorp->pgndx); - item_info->status = ITEM_OK; - - return (0); -} - -u_int32_t -__get_item_reset(hashp, cursorp) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; -{ - if (cursorp->pagep) - __put_page(hashp, cursorp->pagep, A_RAW, 0); - cursorp->pagep = NULL; - cursorp->bucket = -1; - cursorp->ndx = 0; - cursorp->pgndx = 0; - cursorp->pgno = INVALID_PGNO; - return (0); -} - -u_int32_t -__get_item_done(hashp, cursorp) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; -{ - if (cursorp->pagep) - __put_page(hashp, cursorp->pagep, A_RAW, 0); - cursorp->pagep = NULL; - - /* - * We don't throw out the page number since we might want to - * continue getting on this page. - */ - return (0); -} - -u_int32_t -__get_item_first(hashp, cursorp, key, val, item_info) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - DBT *key, *val; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; -{ - __get_item_reset(hashp, cursorp); - cursorp->bucket = 0; - return (__get_item_next(hashp, cursorp, key, val, item_info)); -} - -/* - * Returns a pointer to key/data pair on a page. In the case of bigkeys, - * just returns the page number and index of the bigkey pointer pair. - */ -u_int32_t -__get_item_next(hashp, cursorp, key, val, item_info) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - DBT *key, *val; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; -{ - int status; - - status = __get_item(hashp, cursorp, key, val, item_info); - cursorp->ndx++; - cursorp->pgndx++; - return (status); -} - -/* - * Put a non-big pair on a page. - */ -static void -putpair(p, key, val) - PAGE8 *p; - const DBT *key, *val; -{ - u_int16_t *pagep, n, off; - - pagep = (PAGE16 *)p; - - /* Items on the page are 0-indexed. */ - n = NUM_ENT(pagep); - off = OFFSET(pagep) - key->size + 1; - memmove(p + off, key->data, key->size); - KEY_OFF(pagep, n) = off; - - off -= val->size; - memmove(p + off, val->data, val->size); - DATA_OFF(pagep, n) = off; - - /* Adjust page info. */ - NUM_ENT(pagep) = n + 1; - OFFSET(pagep) = off - 1; -} - -/* - * Returns the index of the next non-bigkey pair after n on the page. - * Returns -1 if there are no more non-big things on the page. - */ -static indx_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -next_realkey(PAGE16 * pagep, indx_t n) -#else -next_realkey(pagep, n) - PAGE16 *pagep; - u_int32_t n; -#endif -{ - indx_t i; - - for (i = n + 1; i < NUM_ENT(pagep); i++) - if (KEY_OFF(pagep, i) != BIGPAIR) - return (i); - return (-1); -} - -/* - * Returns the index of the previous non-bigkey pair after n on the page. - * Returns n if there are no previous non-big things on the page. - */ -static indx_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -prev_realkey(PAGE16 * pagep, indx_t n) -#else -prev_realkey(pagep, n) - PAGE16 *pagep; - u_int32_t n; -#endif -{ - int32_t i; - - /* Need a signed value to do the compare properly. */ - for (i = n - 1; i > -1; i--) - if (KEY_OFF(pagep, i) != BIGPAIR) - return (i); - return (n); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 OK - * -1 error - */ -extern int32_t -__delpair(hashp, cursorp, item_info) - HTAB *hashp; - CURSOR *cursorp; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; -{ - PAGE16 *pagep; - indx_t ndx; - short check_ndx; - int16_t delta, len, next_key; - int32_t n; - u_int8_t *src, *dest; - - ndx = cursorp->pgndx; - if (!cursorp->pagep) { - pagep = __get_page(hashp, cursorp->pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - /* - * KLUGE: pgndx has gone one too far, because cursor points - * to the _next_ item. Use pgndx - 1. - */ - --ndx; - } else - pagep = cursorp->pagep; -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(ADDR(pagep) == cursorp->pgno); -#endif - - if (KEY_OFF(pagep, ndx) == BIGPAIR) { - delta = 0; - __big_delete(hashp, pagep, ndx); - } else { - /* - * Compute "delta", the amount we have to shift all of the - * offsets. To find the delta, we need to make sure that - * we aren't looking at the DATA_OFF of a big/keydata pair. - */ - for (check_ndx = (short)(ndx - 1); - check_ndx >= 0 && KEY_OFF(pagep, check_ndx) == BIGPAIR; - check_ndx--); - if (check_ndx < 0) - delta = hashp->hdr.bsize - DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx); - else - delta = - DATA_OFF(pagep, check_ndx) - DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx); - - /* - * The hard case: we want to remove something other than - * the last item on the page. We need to shift data and - * offsets down. - */ - if (ndx != NUM_ENT(pagep) - 1) { - /* - * Move the data: src is the address of the last data - * item on the page. - */ - src = (u_int8_t *)pagep + OFFSET(pagep) + 1; - /* - * Length is the distance between where to start - * deleting and end of the data on the page. - */ - len = DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx) - (OFFSET(pagep) + 1); - /* - * Dest is the location of the to-be-deleted item - * occupied - length. - */ - if (check_ndx < 0) - dest = - (u_int8_t *)pagep + hashp->hdr.bsize - len; - else - dest = (u_int8_t *)pagep + - DATA_OFF(pagep, (check_ndx)) - len; - memmove(dest, src, len); - } - } - - /* Adjust the offsets. */ - for (n = ndx; n < NUM_ENT(pagep) - 1; n++) - if (KEY_OFF(pagep, (n + 1)) != BIGPAIR) { - next_key = next_realkey(pagep, n); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(next_key != -1); -#endif - KEY_OFF(pagep, n) = KEY_OFF(pagep, (n + 1)) + delta; - DATA_OFF(pagep, n) = DATA_OFF(pagep, (n + 1)) + delta; - } else { - KEY_OFF(pagep, n) = KEY_OFF(pagep, (n + 1)); - DATA_OFF(pagep, n) = DATA_OFF(pagep, (n + 1)); - } - - /* Adjust page metadata. */ - OFFSET(pagep) = OFFSET(pagep) + delta; - NUM_ENT(pagep) = NUM_ENT(pagep) - 1; - - --hashp->hdr.nkeys; - - /* Is this page now an empty overflow page? If so, free it. */ - if (TYPE(pagep) == HASH_OVFLPAGE && NUM_ENT(pagep) == 0) { - PAGE16 *empty_page; - db_pgno_t to_find, next_pgno, link_page; - - /* - * We need to go back to the first page in the chain and - * look for this page so that we can update the previous - * page's NEXT_PGNO field. - */ - to_find = ADDR(pagep); - empty_page = pagep; - link_page = NEXT_PGNO(empty_page); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, item_info->bucket, A_BUCKET); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - while (NEXT_PGNO(pagep) != to_find) { - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(next_pgno != INVALID_PGNO); -#endif - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - - /* - * At this point, pagep should point to the page before the - * page to be deleted. - */ - NEXT_PGNO(pagep) = link_page; - if (item_info->pgno == to_find) { - item_info->pgno = ADDR(pagep); - item_info->pgndx = NUM_ENT(pagep); - item_info->seek_found_page = ADDR(pagep); - } - __delete_page(hashp, empty_page, A_OVFL); - } - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - - return (0); -} - -extern int32_t -__split_page(hashp, obucket, nbucket) - HTAB *hashp; - u_int32_t obucket, nbucket; -{ - DBT key, val; - ITEM_INFO old_ii, new_ii; - PAGE16 *old_pagep, *temp_pagep; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - int32_t off; - u_int16_t n; - int8_t base_page; - - off = hashp->hdr.bsize; - old_pagep = __get_page(hashp, obucket, A_BUCKET); - - base_page = 1; - - temp_pagep = hashp->split_buf; - memcpy(temp_pagep, old_pagep, hashp->hdr.bsize); - - page_init(hashp, old_pagep, ADDR(old_pagep), HASH_PAGE); - __put_page(hashp, old_pagep, A_RAW, 1); - - old_ii.pgno = BUCKET_TO_PAGE(obucket); - new_ii.pgno = BUCKET_TO_PAGE(nbucket); - old_ii.bucket = obucket; - new_ii.bucket = nbucket; - old_ii.seek_found_page = new_ii.seek_found_page = 0; - - while (temp_pagep != 0) { - off = hashp->hdr.bsize; - for (n = 0; n < NUM_ENT(temp_pagep); n++) { - if (KEY_OFF(temp_pagep, n) == BIGPAIR) { - __get_bigkey(hashp, temp_pagep, n, &key); - if (__call_hash(hashp, - key.data, key.size) == obucket) - add_bigptr(hashp, &old_ii, - DATA_OFF(temp_pagep, n)); - else - add_bigptr(hashp, &new_ii, - DATA_OFF(temp_pagep, n)); - } else { - key.size = off - KEY_OFF(temp_pagep, n); - key.data = KEY(temp_pagep, n); - off = KEY_OFF(temp_pagep, n); - val.size = off - DATA_OFF(temp_pagep, n); - val.data = DATA(temp_pagep, n); - if (__call_hash(hashp, - key.data, key.size) == obucket) - __addel(hashp, &old_ii, &key, &val, - NO_EXPAND, 1); - else - __addel(hashp, &new_ii, &key, &val, - NO_EXPAND, 1); - off = DATA_OFF(temp_pagep, n); - } - } - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(temp_pagep); - - /* Clear temp_page; if it's an overflow page, free it. */ - if (!base_page) - __delete_page(hashp, temp_pagep, A_OVFL); - else - base_page = 0; - if (next_pgno != INVALID_PGNO) - temp_pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - else - break; - } - return (0); -} - -/* - * Add the given pair to the page. - * - * - * Returns: - * 0 ==> OK - * -1 ==> failure - */ -extern int32_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -__addel(HTAB *hashp, ITEM_INFO *item_info, const DBT *key, const DBT *val, - u_int32_t num_items, const u_int8_t expanding) -#else -__addel(hashp, item_info, key, val, num_items, expanding) - HTAB *hashp; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; - const DBT *key, *val; - u_int32_t num_items; - const u_int32_t expanding; -#endif -{ - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t do_expand; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - - do_expand = 0; - - pagep = __get_page(hashp, - item_info->seek_found_page != 0 ? - item_info->seek_found_page : item_info->pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - /* Advance to first page in chain with room for item. */ - while (NUM_ENT(pagep) && NEXT_PGNO(pagep) != INVALID_PGNO) { - /* - * This may not be the end of the chain, but the pair may fit - * anyway. - */ - if (ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp) && BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)) - break; - if (PAIRFITS(pagep, key, val)) - break; - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = (PAGE16 *)__get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - - if ((ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp) && - !BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)) || - (!ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp) && - !PAIRFITS(pagep, key, val))) { - do_expand = 1; - pagep = __add_ovflpage(hashp, pagep); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - if ((ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp) && - !BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)) || - (!ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp) && - !PAIRFITS(pagep, key, val))) { - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - return (-1); - } - } - - /* At this point, we know the page fits, so we just add it */ - - if (ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp)) { - if (__big_insert(hashp, pagep, key, val)) - return (-1); - } else { - putpair((PAGE8 *)pagep, key, val); - } - - /* - * For splits, we are going to update item_info's page number - * field, so that we can easily return to the same page the - * next time we come in here. For other operations, this shouldn't - * matter, since adds are the last thing that happens before we - * return to the user program. - */ - item_info->pgno = ADDR(pagep); - - if (!expanding) - hashp->hdr.nkeys++; - - /* Kludge: if this is a big page, then it's already been put. */ - if (!ISBIG(PAIRSIZE(key, val), hashp)) - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - - if (expanding) - item_info->caused_expand = 0; - else - switch (num_items) { - case NO_EXPAND: - item_info->caused_expand = 0; - break; - case UNKNOWN: - item_info->caused_expand |= - (hashp->hdr.nkeys / hashp->hdr.max_bucket) > - hashp->hdr.ffactor || - item_info->pgndx > hashp->hdr.ffactor; - break; - default: - item_info->caused_expand = - num_items > hashp->hdr.ffactor ? 1 : do_expand; - break; - } - return (0); -} - -/* - * Special __addel used in big splitting; this one just puts the pointer - * to an already-allocated big page in the appropriate bucket. - */ -static int32_t -#ifdef __STDC__ -add_bigptr(HTAB * hashp, ITEM_INFO * item_info, indx_t big_pgno) -#else -add_bigptr(hashp, item_info, big_pgno) - HTAB *hashp; - ITEM_INFO *item_info; - u_int32_t big_pgno; -#endif -{ - PAGE16 *pagep; - db_pgno_t next_pgno; - - pagep = __get_page(hashp, item_info->bucket, A_BUCKET); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - - /* - * Note: in __addel(), we used item_info->pgno for the beginning of - * our search for space. Now, we use item_info->bucket, since we - * know that the space required by a big pair on the base page is - * quite small, and we may very well find that space early in the - * chain. - */ - - /* Find first page in chain that has space for a big pair. */ - while (NUM_ENT(pagep) && (NEXT_PGNO(pagep) != INVALID_PGNO)) { - if (BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)) - break; - next_pgno = NEXT_PGNO(pagep); - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 0); - pagep = __get_page(hashp, next_pgno, A_RAW); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); - } - if (!BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)) { - pagep = __add_ovflpage(hashp, pagep); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(BIGPAIRFITS(pagep)); -#endif - } - KEY_OFF(pagep, NUM_ENT(pagep)) = BIGPAIR; - DATA_OFF(pagep, NUM_ENT(pagep)) = big_pgno; - NUM_ENT(pagep) = NUM_ENT(pagep) + 1; - - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - - return (0); -} - -/* - * - * Returns: - * pointer on success - * NULL on error - */ -extern PAGE16 * -__add_ovflpage(hashp, pagep) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; -{ - PAGE16 *new_pagep; - u_int16_t ovfl_num; - - /* Check if we are dynamically determining the fill factor. */ - if (hashp->hdr.ffactor == DEF_FFACTOR) { - hashp->hdr.ffactor = NUM_ENT(pagep) >> 1; - if (hashp->hdr.ffactor < MIN_FFACTOR) - hashp->hdr.ffactor = MIN_FFACTOR; - } - ovfl_num = overflow_page(hashp); - if (!ovfl_num) - return (NULL); - - if (__new_page(hashp, (u_int32_t)ovfl_num, A_OVFL) != 0) - return (NULL); - - if (!ovfl_num || !(new_pagep = __get_page(hashp, ovfl_num, A_OVFL))) - return (NULL); - - NEXT_PGNO(pagep) = (db_pgno_t)OADDR_TO_PAGE(ovfl_num); - TYPE(new_pagep) = HASH_OVFLPAGE; - - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_overflows++; -#endif - return (new_pagep); -} - -/* - * - * Returns: - * pointer on success - * NULL on error - */ -extern PAGE16 * -#ifdef __STDC__ -__add_bigpage(HTAB * hashp, PAGE16 * pagep, indx_t ndx, const u_int8_t - is_basepage) -#else -__add_bigpage(hashp, pagep, ndx, is_basepage) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - u_int32_t ndx; - const u_int32_t is_basepage; -#endif -{ - PAGE16 *new_pagep; - u_int16_t ovfl_num; - - ovfl_num = overflow_page(hashp); - if (!ovfl_num) - return (NULL); - - if (__new_page(hashp, (u_int32_t)ovfl_num, A_OVFL) != 0) - return (NULL); - - if (!ovfl_num || !(new_pagep = __get_page(hashp, ovfl_num, A_OVFL))) - return (NULL); - - if (is_basepage) { - KEY_OFF(pagep, ndx) = BIGPAIR; - DATA_OFF(pagep, ndx) = (indx_t)ovfl_num; - } else - NEXT_PGNO(pagep) = ADDR(new_pagep); - - __put_page(hashp, pagep, A_RAW, 1); - - TYPE(new_pagep) = HASH_BIGPAGE; - -#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS - hash_bigpages++; -#endif - return (new_pagep); -} - -static void -#ifdef __STDC__ -page_init(HTAB * hashp, PAGE16 * pagep, db_pgno_t pgno, u_int8_t type) -#else -page_init(hashp, pagep, pgno, type) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - db_pgno_t pgno; - u_int32_t type; -#endif -{ - NUM_ENT(pagep) = 0; - PREV_PGNO(pagep) = NEXT_PGNO(pagep) = INVALID_PGNO; - TYPE(pagep) = type; - OFFSET(pagep) = hashp->hdr.bsize - 1; - /* - * Note: since in the current version ADDR(pagep) == PREV_PGNO(pagep), - * make sure that ADDR(pagep) is set after resetting PREV_PGNO(pagep). - * We reset PREV_PGNO(pagep) just in case the macros are changed. - */ - ADDR(pagep) = pgno; - - return; -} - -int32_t -__new_page(hashp, addr, addr_type) - HTAB *hashp; - u_int32_t addr; - int32_t addr_type; -{ - db_pgno_t paddr; - PAGE16 *pagep; - - switch (addr_type) { /* Convert page number. */ - case A_BUCKET: - paddr = BUCKET_TO_PAGE(addr); - break; - case A_OVFL: - case A_BITMAP: - paddr = OADDR_TO_PAGE(addr); - break; - default: - paddr = addr; - break; - } - pagep = mpool_new(hashp->mp, &paddr, MPOOL_PAGE_REQUEST); - if (!pagep) - return (-1); -#if DEBUG_SLOW - account_page(hashp, paddr, 1); -#endif - - if (addr_type != A_BITMAP) - page_init(hashp, pagep, paddr, HASH_PAGE); - - __put_page(hashp, pagep, addr_type, 1); - - return (0); -} - -int32_t -__delete_page(hashp, pagep, page_type) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t page_type; -{ - if (page_type == A_OVFL) - __free_ovflpage(hashp, pagep); - return (mpool_delete(hashp->mp, pagep)); -} - -static u_int8_t -is_bitmap_pgno(hashp, pgno) - HTAB *hashp; - db_pgno_t pgno; -{ - int32_t i; - - for (i = 0; i < hashp->nmaps; i++) - if (OADDR_TO_PAGE(hashp->hdr.bitmaps[i]) == pgno) - return (1); - return (0); -} - -void -__pgin_routine(pg_cookie, pgno, page) - void *pg_cookie; - db_pgno_t pgno; - void *page; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t max, i; - - pagep = (PAGE16 *)page; - hashp = (HTAB *)pg_cookie; - - /* - * There are the following cases for swapping: - * 0) New page that may be unitialized. - * 1) Bucket page or overflow page. Either swap - * the header or initialize the page. - * 2) Bitmap page. Swap the whole page! - * 3) Header pages. Not handled here; these are written directly - * to the file. - */ - - if (NUM_ENT(pagep) == 0 && NEXT_PGNO(pagep) == 0 && - !is_bitmap_pgno(hashp, pgno)) { - /* XXX check for !0 LSN */ - page_init(hashp, pagep, pgno, HASH_PAGE); - return; - } - - if (hashp->hdr.lorder == DB_BYTE_ORDER) - return; - if (is_bitmap_pgno(hashp, pgno)) { - max = hashp->hdr.bsize >> 2; /* divide by 4 bytes */ - for (i = 0; i < max; i++) - M_32_SWAP(((int32_t *)pagep)[i]); - } else - swap_page_header_in(pagep); -} - -void -__pgout_routine(pg_cookie, pgno, page) - void *pg_cookie; - db_pgno_t pgno; - void *page; -{ - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t i, max; - - pagep = (PAGE16 *)page; - hashp = (HTAB *)pg_cookie; - - /* - * There are the following cases for swapping: - * 1) Bucket page or overflow page. Just swap the header. - * 2) Bitmap page. Swap the whole page! - * 3) Header pages. Not handled here; these are written directly - * to the file. - */ - - if (hashp->hdr.lorder == DB_BYTE_ORDER) - return; - if (is_bitmap_pgno(hashp, pgno)) { - max = hashp->hdr.bsize >> 2; /* divide by 4 bytes */ - for (i = 0; i < max; i++) - M_32_SWAP(((int32_t *)pagep)[i]); - } else - swap_page_header_out(pagep); -} - -/* - * - * Returns: - * 0 ==> OK - * -1 ==>failure - */ -extern int32_t -__put_page(hashp, pagep, addr_type, is_dirty) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; - int32_t addr_type, is_dirty; -{ -#if DEBUG_SLOW - account_page(hashp, - ((BKT *)((char *)pagep - sizeof(BKT)))->pgno, -1); -#endif - - return (mpool_put(hashp->mp, pagep, (is_dirty ? MPOOL_DIRTY : 0))); -} - -/* - * Returns: - * 0 indicates SUCCESS - * -1 indicates FAILURE - */ -extern PAGE16 * -__get_page(hashp, addr, addr_type) - HTAB *hashp; - u_int32_t addr; - int32_t addr_type; -{ - PAGE16 *pagep; - db_pgno_t paddr; - - switch (addr_type) { /* Convert page number. */ - case A_BUCKET: - paddr = BUCKET_TO_PAGE(addr); - break; - case A_OVFL: - case A_BITMAP: - paddr = OADDR_TO_PAGE(addr); - break; - default: - paddr = addr; - break; - } - pagep = (PAGE16 *)mpool_get(hashp->mp, paddr, 0); - -#if DEBUG_SLOW - account_page(hashp, paddr, 1); -#endif -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(ADDR(pagep) == paddr || ADDR(pagep) == 0 || - addr_type == A_BITMAP || addr_type == A_HEADER); -#endif - - return (pagep); -} - -static void -swap_page_header_in(pagep) - PAGE16 *pagep; -{ - u_int32_t i; - - /* can leave type and filler alone, since they're 1-byte quantities */ - - M_32_SWAP(PREV_PGNO(pagep)); - M_32_SWAP(NEXT_PGNO(pagep)); - M_16_SWAP(NUM_ENT(pagep)); - M_16_SWAP(OFFSET(pagep)); - - for (i = 0; i < NUM_ENT(pagep); i++) { - M_16_SWAP(KEY_OFF(pagep, i)); - M_16_SWAP(DATA_OFF(pagep, i)); - } -} - -static void -swap_page_header_out(pagep) - PAGE16 *pagep; -{ - u_int32_t i; - - for (i = 0; i < NUM_ENT(pagep); i++) { - M_16_SWAP(KEY_OFF(pagep, i)); - M_16_SWAP(DATA_OFF(pagep, i)) - } - - /* can leave type and filler alone, since they're 1-byte quantities */ - - M_32_SWAP(PREV_PGNO(pagep)); - M_32_SWAP(NEXT_PGNO(pagep)); - M_16_SWAP(NUM_ENT(pagep)); - M_16_SWAP(OFFSET(pagep)); -} - -#define BYTE_MASK ((1 << INT32_T_BYTE_SHIFT) -1) -/* - * Initialize a new bitmap page. Bitmap pages are left in memory - * once they are read in. - */ -extern int32_t -__ibitmap(hashp, pnum, nbits, ndx) - HTAB *hashp; - int32_t pnum, nbits, ndx; -{ - u_int32_t *ip; - int32_t clearbytes, clearints; - - /* make a new bitmap page */ - if (__new_page(hashp, pnum, A_BITMAP) != 0) - return (1); - if (!(ip = (u_int32_t *)__get_page(hashp, pnum, A_BITMAP))) - return (1); - hashp->nmaps++; - clearints = ((nbits - 1) >> INT32_T_BYTE_SHIFT) + 1; - clearbytes = clearints << INT32_T_TO_BYTE; - (void)memset((int8_t *)ip, 0, clearbytes); - (void)memset((int8_t *)ip + clearbytes, - 0xFF, hashp->hdr.bsize - clearbytes); - ip[clearints - 1] = ALL_SET << (nbits & BYTE_MASK); - SETBIT(ip, 0); - hashp->hdr.bitmaps[ndx] = (u_int16_t)pnum; - hashp->mapp[ndx] = ip; - return (0); -} - -static u_int32_t -first_free(map) - u_int32_t map; -{ - u_int32_t i, mask; - - for (mask = 0x1, i = 0; i < BITS_PER_MAP; i++) { - if (!(mask & map)) - return (i); - mask = mask << 1; - } - return (i); -} - -/* - * returns 0 on error - */ -static u_int16_t -overflow_page(hashp) - HTAB *hashp; -{ - u_int32_t *freep; - int32_t bit, first_page, free_bit, free_page, i, in_use_bits, j; - int32_t max_free, offset, splitnum; - u_int16_t addr; -#ifdef DEBUG2 - int32_t tmp1, tmp2; -#endif - - splitnum = hashp->hdr.ovfl_point; - max_free = hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum]; - - free_page = (max_free - 1) >> (hashp->hdr.bshift + BYTE_SHIFT); - free_bit = (max_free - 1) & ((hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1); - - /* - * Look through all the free maps to find the first free block. - * The compiler under -Wall will complain that freep may be used - * before being set, however, this loop will ALWAYS get executed - * at least once, so freep is guaranteed to be set. - */ - first_page = hashp->hdr.last_freed >> (hashp->hdr.bshift + BYTE_SHIFT); - for (i = first_page; i <= free_page; i++) { - if (!(freep = fetch_bitmap(hashp, i))) - return (0); - if (i == free_page) - in_use_bits = free_bit; - else - in_use_bits = (hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1; - - if (i == first_page) { - bit = hashp->hdr.last_freed & - ((hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1); - j = bit / BITS_PER_MAP; - bit = bit & ~(BITS_PER_MAP - 1); - } else { - bit = 0; - j = 0; - } - for (; bit <= in_use_bits; j++, bit += BITS_PER_MAP) - if (freep[j] != ALL_SET) - goto found; - } - - /* No Free Page Found */ - hashp->hdr.last_freed = hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum]; - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum]++; - offset = hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum] - - (splitnum ? hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum - 1] : 0); - -#define OVMSG "HASH: Out of overflow pages. Increase page size\n" - - if (offset > SPLITMASK) { - if (++splitnum >= NCACHED) { - (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, OVMSG, sizeof(OVMSG) - 1); - return (0); - } - hashp->hdr.ovfl_point = splitnum; - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum] = hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum - 1]; - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum - 1]--; - offset = 1; - } - /* Check if we need to allocate a new bitmap page. */ - if (free_bit == (hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1) { - free_page++; - if (free_page >= NCACHED) { - (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, OVMSG, sizeof(OVMSG) - 1); - return (0); - } - /* - * This is tricky. The 1 indicates that you want the new page - * allocated with 1 clear bit. Actually, you are going to - * allocate 2 pages from this map. The first is going to be - * the map page, the second is the overflow page we were - * looking for. The __ibitmap routine automatically, sets - * the first bit of itself to indicate that the bitmap itself - * is in use. We would explicitly set the second bit, but - * don't have to if we tell __ibitmap not to leave it clear - * in the first place. - */ - if (__ibitmap(hashp, - (int32_t)OADDR_OF(splitnum, offset), 1, free_page)) - return (0); - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum]++; -#ifdef DEBUG2 - free_bit = 2; -#endif - offset++; - if (offset > SPLITMASK) { - if (++splitnum >= NCACHED) { - (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, - OVMSG, sizeof(OVMSG) - 1); - return (0); - } - hashp->hdr.ovfl_point = splitnum; - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum] = - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum - 1]; - hashp->hdr.spares[splitnum - 1]--; - offset = 0; - } - } else { - /* - * Free_bit addresses the last used bit. Bump it to address - * the first available bit. - */ - free_bit++; - SETBIT(freep, free_bit); - } - - /* Calculate address of the new overflow page */ - addr = OADDR_OF(splitnum, offset); -#ifdef DEBUG2 - (void)fprintf(stderr, "OVERFLOW_PAGE: ADDR: %d BIT: %d PAGE %d\n", - addr, free_bit, free_page); -#endif - - if (OADDR_TO_PAGE(addr) > MAX_PAGES(hashp)) { - (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, OVMSG, sizeof(OVMSG) - 1); - return (0); - } - return (addr); - -found: - bit = bit + first_free(freep[j]); - SETBIT(freep, bit); -#ifdef DEBUG2 - tmp1 = bit; - tmp2 = i; -#endif - /* - * Bits are addressed starting with 0, but overflow pages are addressed - * beginning at 1. Bit is a bit address number, so we need to increment - * it to convert it to a page number. - */ - bit = 1 + bit + (i * (hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT)); - if (bit >= hashp->hdr.last_freed) - hashp->hdr.last_freed = bit - 1; - - /* Calculate the split number for this page */ - for (i = 0; i < splitnum && (bit > hashp->hdr.spares[i]); i++); - offset = (i ? bit - hashp->hdr.spares[i - 1] : bit); - if (offset >= SPLITMASK) - return (0); /* Out of overflow pages */ - addr = OADDR_OF(i, offset); -#ifdef DEBUG2 - (void)fprintf(stderr, "OVERFLOW_PAGE: ADDR: %d BIT: %d PAGE %d\n", - addr, tmp1, tmp2); -#endif - - if (OADDR_TO_PAGE(addr) > MAX_PAGES(hashp)) { - (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, OVMSG, sizeof(OVMSG) - 1); - return (0); - } - /* Allocate and return the overflow page */ - return (addr); -} - -#ifdef DEBUG -int -bucket_to_page(hashp, n) - HTAB *hashp; - int n; -{ - int ret_val; - - ret_val = n + hashp->hdr.hdrpages; - if (n != 0) - ret_val += hashp->hdr.spares[__log2(n + 1) - 1]; - return (ret_val); -} - -int32_t -oaddr_to_page(hashp, n) - HTAB *hashp; - int n; -{ - int ret_val, temp; - - temp = (1 << SPLITNUM(n)) - 1; - ret_val = bucket_to_page(hashp, temp); - ret_val += (n & SPLITMASK); - - return (ret_val); -} -#endif /* DEBUG */ - -static indx_t -page_to_oaddr(hashp, pgno) - HTAB *hashp; - db_pgno_t pgno; -{ - int32_t sp, ret_val; - - /* - * To convert page number to overflow address: - * - * 1. Find a starting split point -- use 0 since there are only - * 32 split points. - * 2. Find the split point s.t. 2^sp + hdr.spares[sp] < pgno and - * 2^(sp+1) = hdr.spares[sp+1] > pgno. The overflow address will - * be located at sp. - * 3. return... - */ - pgno -= hashp->hdr.hdrpages; - for (sp = 0; sp < NCACHED; sp++) - if (POW2(sp) + hashp->hdr.spares[sp] < pgno && - (POW2(sp + 1) + hashp->hdr.spares[sp + 1]) > pgno) - break; - - ret_val = OADDR_OF(sp + 1, - pgno - ((POW2(sp + 1) - 1) + hashp->hdr.spares[sp])); -#ifdef DEBUG - assert(OADDR_TO_PAGE(ret_val) == (pgno + hashp->hdr.hdrpages)); -#endif - return (ret_val); -} - -/* - * Mark this overflow page as free. - */ -extern void -__free_ovflpage(hashp, pagep) - HTAB *hashp; - PAGE16 *pagep; -{ - u_int32_t *freep; - int32_t bit_address, free_page, free_bit; - u_int16_t addr, ndx; - - addr = page_to_oaddr(hashp, ADDR(pagep)); - -#ifdef DEBUG2 - (void)fprintf(stderr, "Freeing %d\n", addr); -#endif - ndx = ((u_int16_t)addr) >> SPLITSHIFT; - bit_address = - (ndx ? hashp->hdr.spares[ndx - 1] : 0) + (addr & SPLITMASK) - 1; - if (bit_address < hashp->hdr.last_freed) - hashp->hdr.last_freed = bit_address; - free_page = (bit_address >> (hashp->hdr.bshift + BYTE_SHIFT)); - free_bit = bit_address & ((hashp->hdr.bsize << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1); - - freep = fetch_bitmap(hashp, free_page); -#ifdef DEBUG - /* - * This had better never happen. It means we tried to read a bitmap - * that has already had overflow pages allocated off it, and we - * failed to read it from the file. - */ - if (!freep) - assert(0); -#endif - CLRBIT(freep, free_bit); -#ifdef DEBUG2 - (void)fprintf(stderr, "FREE_OVFLPAGE: ADDR: %d BIT: %d PAGE %d\n", - obufp->addr, free_bit, free_page); -#endif -} - -static u_int32_t * -fetch_bitmap(hashp, ndx) - HTAB *hashp; - int32_t ndx; -{ - if (ndx >= hashp->nmaps) - return (NULL); - if (!hashp->mapp[ndx]) - hashp->mapp[ndx] = (u_int32_t *)__get_page(hashp, - hashp->hdr.bitmaps[ndx], A_BITMAP); - - return (hashp->mapp[ndx]); -} - -#ifdef DEBUG_SLOW -static void -account_page(hashp, pgno, inout) - HTAB *hashp; - db_pgno_t pgno; - int inout; -{ - static struct { - db_pgno_t pgno; - int times; - } list[100]; - static int last; - int i, j; - - if (inout == -1) /* XXX: Kluge */ - inout = 0; - - /* Find page in list. */ - for (i = 0; i < last; i++) - if (list[i].pgno == pgno) - break; - /* Not found. */ - if (i == last) { - list[last].times = inout; - list[last].pgno = pgno; - last++; - } - list[i].times = inout; - if (list[i].times == 0) { - for (j = i; j < last; j++) - list[j] = list[j + 1]; - last--; - } - for (i = 0; i < last; i++, list[i].times++) - if (list[i].times > 20 && !is_bitmap_pgno(hashp, list[i].pgno)) - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "Warning: pg %d has been out for %d times\n", - list[i].pgno, list[i].times); -} -#endif /* DEBUG_SLOW */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/hsearch.c b/src/util/db2/hash/hsearch.c deleted file mode 100644 index 02ff7ef843..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/hsearch.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,107 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hsearch.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 9/21/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "search.h" - -static DB *dbp = NULL; -static ENTRY retval; - -extern int -hcreate(nel) - u_int nel; -{ - HASHINFO info; - - info.nelem = nel; - info.bsize = 256; - info.ffactor = 8; - info.cachesize = 0; - info.hash = NULL; - info.lorder = 0; - dbp = (DB *)__hash_open(NULL, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_BINARY, 0600, &info, 0); - return (dbp != NULL); -} - -extern ENTRY * -hsearch(item, action) - ENTRY item; - ACTION action; -{ - DBT key, val; - int status; - - if (!dbp) - return (NULL); - key.data = (u_char *)item.key; - key.size = strlen(item.key) + 1; - - if (action == ENTER) { - val.data = (u_char *)item.data; - val.size = strlen(item.data) + 1; - status = (dbp->put)(dbp, &key, &val, R_NOOVERWRITE); - if (status) - return (NULL); - } else { - /* FIND */ - status = (dbp->get)(dbp, &key, &val, 0); - if (status) - return (NULL); - else - item.data = (char *)val.data; - } - retval.key = item.key; - retval.data = item.data; - return (&retval); -} - -extern void -hdestroy() -{ - if (dbp) { - (void)(dbp->close)(dbp); - dbp = NULL; - } -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/page.h b/src/util/db2/hash/page.h deleted file mode 100644 index 8ef8a2e294..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/page.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)page.h 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/7/95 - */ - -#define HI_MASK 0xFFFF0000 -#define LO_MASK (~HI_MASK) - -#define HI(N) ((u_int16_t)(((N) & HI_MASK) >> 16)) -#define LO(N) ((u_int16_t)((N) & LO_MASK)) - -/* Constants for big key page overhead information. */ -#define NUMSHORTS 0 -#define KEYLEN 1 -#define DATALEN 2 -#define NEXTPAGE 3 - -/* - * Hash pages store meta-data beginning at the top of the page (offset 0) - * and key/data values beginning at the bottom of the page (offset pagesize). - * Fields are always accessed via macros so that we can change the page - * format without too much pain. The only changes that will require massive - * code changes are if we no longer store key/data offsets next to each - * other (since we use that fact to compute key lengths). In the accessor - * macros below, P means a pointer to the page, I means an index of the - * particular entry being accessed. - * - * Hash base page format - * BYTE ITEM NBYTES TYPE ACCESSOR MACRO - * ---- ------------------ ------ -------- -------------- - * 0 previous page number 4 db_pgno_t PREV_PGNO(P) - * 4 next page number 4 db_pgno_t NEXT_PGNO(P) - * 8 # pairs on page 2 indx_t NUM_ENT(P) - * 10 page type 1 u_int8_t TYPE(P) - * 11 padding 1 u_int8_t none - * 12 highest free byte 2 indx_t OFFSET(P) - * 14 key offset 0 2 indx_t KEY_OFF(P, I) - * 16 data offset 0 2 indx_t DATA_OFF(P, I) - * 18 key offset 1 2 indx_t KEY_OFF(P, I) - * 20 data offset 1 2 indx_t DATA_OFF(P, I) - * ...etc... - */ - -/* Indices (in bytes) of the beginning of each of these entries */ -#define I_PREV_PGNO 0 -#define I_NEXT_PGNO 4 -#define I_ENTRIES 8 -#define I_TYPE 10 -#define I_HF_OFFSET 12 - -/* Overhead is everything prior to the first key/data pair. */ -#define PAGE_OVERHEAD (I_HF_OFFSET + sizeof(indx_t)) - -/* To allocate a pair, we need room for one key offset and one data offset. */ -#define PAIR_OVERHEAD ((sizeof(indx_t) << 1)) - -/* Use this macro to extract a value of type T from page P at offset O. */ -#define REFERENCE(P, T, O) (((T *)((u_int8_t *)(P) + O))[0]) - -/* - * Use these macros to access fields on a page; P is a PAGE16 *. - */ -#define NUM_ENT(P) (REFERENCE((P), indx_t, I_ENTRIES)) -#define PREV_PGNO(P) (REFERENCE((P), db_pgno_t, I_PREV_PGNO)) -#define NEXT_PGNO(P) (REFERENCE((P), db_pgno_t, I_NEXT_PGNO)) -#define TYPE(P) (REFERENCE((P), u_int8_t, I_TYPE)) -#define OFFSET(P) (REFERENCE((P), indx_t, I_HF_OFFSET)) -/* - * We need to store a page's own address on each page (unlike the Btree - * access method which needs the previous page). We use the PREV_PGNO - * field to store our own page number. - */ -#define ADDR(P) (PREV_PGNO((P))) - -/* Extract key/data offsets and data for a given index. */ -#define DATA_OFF(P, N) \ - REFERENCE(P, indx_t, PAGE_OVERHEAD + N * PAIR_OVERHEAD + sizeof(indx_t)) -#define KEY_OFF(P, N) \ - REFERENCE(P, indx_t, PAGE_OVERHEAD + N * PAIR_OVERHEAD) - -#define KEY(P, N) (((PAGE8 *)(P)) + KEY_OFF((P), (N))) -#define DATA(P, N) (((PAGE8 *)(P)) + DATA_OFF((P), (N))) - -/* - * Macros used to compute various sizes on a page. - */ -#define PAIRSIZE(K, D) (PAIR_OVERHEAD + (K)->size + (D)->size) -#define BIGOVERHEAD (4 * sizeof(u_int16_t)) -#define KEYSIZE(K) (4 * sizeof(u_int16_t) + (K)->size); -#define OVFLSIZE (2 * sizeof(u_int16_t)) -#define BIGPAGEOVERHEAD (4 * sizeof(u_int16_t)) -#define BIGPAGEOFFSET 4 -#define BIGPAGESIZE(P) ((P)->BSIZE - BIGPAGEOVERHEAD) - -#define PAGE_META(N) (((N) + 3) * sizeof(u_int16_t)) -#define MINFILL 0.75 -#define ISBIG(N, P) (((N) > ((P)->hdr.bsize * MINFILL)) ? 1 : 0) - -#define ITEMSIZE(I) (sizeof(u_int16_t) + (I)->size) - -/* - * Big key/data pages use a different page format. They have a single - * key/data "pair" containing the length of the key and data instead - * of offsets. - */ -#define BIGKEYLEN(P) (KEY_OFF((P), 0)) -#define BIGDATALEN(P) (DATA_OFF((P), 0)) -#define BIGKEY(P) (((PAGE8 *)(P)) + PAGE_OVERHEAD + PAIR_OVERHEAD) -#define BIGDATA(P) \ - (((PAGE8 *)(P)) + PAGE_OVERHEAD + PAIR_OVERHEAD + KEY_OFF((P), 0)) - - -#define OVFLPAGE 0 -#define BIGPAIR 0 -#define INVALID_PGNO 0xFFFFFFFF - -typedef unsigned short PAGE16; -typedef unsigned char PAGE8; - -#define A_BUCKET 0 -#define A_OVFL 1 -#define A_BITMAP 2 -#define A_RAW 4 -#define A_HEADER 5 - -#define PAIRFITS(P,K,D) ((PAIRSIZE((K),(D))) <= FREESPACE((P))) -#define BIGPAIRFITS(P) ((FREESPACE((P)) >= PAIR_OVERHEAD)) -/* - * Since these are all unsigned, we need to guarantee that we never go - * negative. Offset values are 0-based and overheads are one based (i.e. - * one byte of overhead is 1, not 0), so we need to convert OFFSETs to - * 1-based counting before subtraction. - */ -#define FREESPACE(P) \ - ((OFFSET((P)) + 1 - PAGE_OVERHEAD - (NUM_ENT((P)) * PAIR_OVERHEAD))) - -/* - * Overhead on header pages is just one word -- the length of the - * header info stored on that page. - */ -#define HEADER_OVERHEAD 4 - -#define HASH_PAGE 2 -#define HASH_BIGPAGE 3 -#define HASH_OVFLPAGE 4 diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/page.h.patch b/src/util/db2/hash/page.h.patch deleted file mode 100644 index 4a0311fea3..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/page.h.patch +++ /dev/null @@ -1,42 +0,0 @@ -*** /tmp/,RCSt1a21720 Wed Apr 3 11:49:55 1996 ---- page.h Wed Apr 3 08:42:25 1996 -*************** -*** 158,163 - - #define PAIRFITS(P,K,D) ((PAIRSIZE((K),(D))) <= FREESPACE((P))) - #define BIGPAIRFITS(P) ((FREESPACE((P)) >= PAIR_OVERHEAD)) - #define FREESPACE(P) \ - ((OFFSET((P)) - PAGE_OVERHEAD - (NUM_ENT((P)) * PAIR_OVERHEAD))) - - ---- 158,169 ----- - - #define PAIRFITS(P,K,D) ((PAIRSIZE((K),(D))) <= FREESPACE((P))) - #define BIGPAIRFITS(P) ((FREESPACE((P)) >= PAIR_OVERHEAD)) -+ /* -+ * Since these are all unsigned, we need to guarantee that we never go -+ * negative. Offset values are 0-based and overheads are one based (i.e. -+ * one byte of overhead is 1, not 0), so we need to convert OFFSETs to -+ * 1-based counting before subtraction. -+ */ - #define FREESPACE(P) \ - ((OFFSET((P)) + 1 - PAGE_OVERHEAD - (NUM_ENT((P)) * PAIR_OVERHEAD))) - -*************** -*** 159,165 - #define PAIRFITS(P,K,D) ((PAIRSIZE((K),(D))) <= FREESPACE((P))) - #define BIGPAIRFITS(P) ((FREESPACE((P)) >= PAIR_OVERHEAD)) - #define FREESPACE(P) \ -! ((OFFSET((P)) - PAGE_OVERHEAD - (NUM_ENT((P)) * PAIR_OVERHEAD))) - - /* - * Overhead on header pages is just one word -- the length of the - ---- 165,171 ----- - * 1-based counting before subtraction. - */ - #define FREESPACE(P) \ -! ((OFFSET((P)) + 1 - PAGE_OVERHEAD - (NUM_ENT((P)) * PAIR_OVERHEAD))) - - /* - * Overhead on header pages is just one word -- the length of the diff --git a/src/util/db2/hash/search.h b/src/util/db2/hash/search.h deleted file mode 100644 index 6d6a0a82f4..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/hash/search.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,55 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)search.h 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - */ - -/* Backward compatibility to hsearch interface. */ -typedef struct entry { - char *key; - char *data; -} ENTRY; - -typedef enum { - FIND, ENTER -} ACTION; - -#define hcreate kdb2_hcreate -#define hdestroy kdb2_hdestroy -#define hsearch kdb2_hsearch - -int hcreate __P((unsigned int)); -void hdestroy __P((void)); -ENTRY *hsearch __P((ENTRY, ACTION)); diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/ChangeLog b/src/util/db2/include/ChangeLog deleted file mode 100644 index 676bbd44a7..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/ChangeLog +++ /dev/null @@ -1,74 +0,0 @@ -2004-05-23 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: Include sys/param.h if available. - -2004-05-07 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: Include machine/endian.h if available. Check for - __LITTLE_ENDIAN__ and __BIG_ENDIAN__, _MIPSEB and _MIPSEL. - -2004-05-05 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: Include stdlib.h, and endian.h if available. - (LITTLE_ENDIAN, BIG_ENDIAN, BYTE_ORDER): If not defined, and if - versions with one or two leading underscores are defined, define - the no-underscore form in terms of the with-underscore one. - (DB_BYTE_ORDER): Define by checking LITTLE_ENDIAN, BIG_ENDIAN, and - BYTE_ORDER; report an error if that doesn't work. Don't check - WORDS_BIGENDIAN. - -2002-09-05 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: If stdint.h or inttypes.h are found, include them. - -2002-08-23 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * db.h: Add rename and prototype for bt_rseq(); this is a kludge - to avoid stuffing more things into the DB handle. - -2001-10-24 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * db-config.h.in: Remove unnecessary definitions for including - db.h header file. These include WORDS_BIGENDIAN, ssize_t, u_short, - int8_t, u_int8_t, int16_t, u_int16_t, int32_t. - -2001-07-06 Ezra Peisach <epeisach@mit.edu> - - * db-dbm.h: New header file which lists the dbm interfaces. - - * db-ndbm.h: Change prototype from dirinfo to dirfno which matches - code and ndbm API. - -2000-07-01 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * db-config.h.in: New file; contains useful tidbits from - config.h.in generated by autoheader. It is needed because - config.h.in has some thing we don't want to leak, like renaming of - missing libc functions. - - * .cvsignore: Twiddle to reflect current reality. - - * db-int.h: #include config.h since db.h includes db-config.h - which is not quite the same now. - -2000-06-30 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: Remove renaming for memmove, strerror, mkstemp since - this is now done by the build system. - -Fri Feb 13 14:39:25 1998 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * db-int.h: Additional renaming. - - * db.h: Rename dbopen to avoid collision with NetBSD libc. - - * db-ndbm.h: Rename lots of functions to avoid collisions with - native dbm implementations. - - * db-int.h: Rename __hash_open to avoid potential collision with - NetBSD libc. - -Thu Aug 15 15:41:12 1996 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@rsts-11.mit.edu> - - * db-ndbm.h: Add prototypes for missing functions dbm_error() and - dbm_clearerror(). diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db-config.h.in b/src/util/db2/include/db-config.h.in deleted file mode 100644 index bcd7991b34..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db-config.h.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ -/* include/db-config.h.in. Derived from autoconf-generated config.h.in. */ - -/* Define to empty if the keyword does not work. */ -#undef const - -/* Define to `unsigned' if <sys/types.h> doesn't define. */ -#undef size_t - -#undef u_char -#undef u_int -#undef u_long - -#undef u_int32_t - -/* The number of bytes in a int. */ -#undef SIZEOF_INT diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db-dbm.h b/src/util/db2/include/db-dbm.h deleted file mode 100644 index 28c93786cd..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db-dbm.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,23 +0,0 @@ -#ifndef _DBM_H_ -#define _DBM_H_ - -#include "db.h" - -#define dbminit kdb2_dbminit -#define fetch kdb2_fetch -#define firstkey kdb2_firstkey -#define nextkey kdb2_nextkey -#define delete kdb2_delete -#define store kdb2_store - -__BEGIN_DECLS -int dbminit __P((char *)); -datum fetch __P((datum)); -datum firstkey __P((void)); -datum nextkey __P((datum)); -int delete __P((datum)); -int store __P((datum, datum)); -__END_DECLS - - -#endif diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db-int.h b/src/util/db2/include/db-int.h deleted file mode 100644 index bbb22925aa..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db-int.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,283 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)compat.h 8.13 (Berkeley) 2/21/94 - */ - -#ifndef _DB_INT_H_ -#define _DB_INT_H_ - -#include "config.h" -#include "db.h" - -/* deal with autoconf-based stuff */ - -#define DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1234 -#define DB_BIG_ENDIAN 4321 - -#include <stdlib.h> -#ifdef HAVE_ENDIAN_H -# include <endian.h> -#endif -#ifdef HAVE_MACHINE_ENDIAN_H -# include <machine/endian.h> -#endif -#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H -# include <sys/param.h> -#endif -/* Handle both BIG and LITTLE defined and BYTE_ORDER matches one, or - just one defined; both with and without leading underscores. - - Ignore "PDP endian" machines, this code doesn't support them - anyways. */ -#if !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(BYTE_ORDER) -# ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__ -# define LITTLE_ENDIAN __LITTLE_ENDIAN__ -# endif -# ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN__ -# define BIG_ENDIAN __BIG_ENDIAN__ -# endif -#endif -#if !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(BYTE_ORDER) -# ifdef _LITTLE_ENDIAN -# define LITTLE_ENDIAN _LITTLE_ENDIAN -# endif -# ifdef _BIG_ENDIAN -# define BIG_ENDIAN _BIG_ENDIAN -# endif -# ifdef _BYTE_ORDER -# define BYTE_ORDER _BYTE_ORDER -# endif -#endif -#if !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(BYTE_ORDER) -# ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN -# define LITTLE_ENDIAN __LITTLE_ENDIAN -# endif -# ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN -# define BIG_ENDIAN __BIG_ENDIAN -# endif -# ifdef __BYTE_ORDER -# define BYTE_ORDER __BYTE_ORDER -# endif -#endif - -#if defined(_MIPSEL) && !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) -# define LITTLE_ENDIAN -#endif -#if defined(_MIPSEB) && !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) -# define BIG_ENDIAN -#endif - -#if defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) && defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && defined(BYTE_ORDER) -# if LITTLE_ENDIAN == BYTE_ORDER -# define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN -# elif BIG_ENDIAN == BYTE_ORDER -# define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_BIG_ENDIAN -# else -# error "LITTLE_ENDIAN and BIG_ENDIAN defined, but can't determine byte order" -# endif -#elif defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) -# define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN -#elif defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) -# define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_BIG_ENDIAN -#else -# error "can't determine byte order from included system headers" -#endif - -#if 0 -#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN -#define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_BIG_ENDIAN -#else -#define DB_BYTE_ORDER DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN -#endif -#endif - -/* end autoconf-based stuff */ - -/* include necessary system header files */ - -#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H -#include <unistd.h> -#endif -#include <limits.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <errno.h> -#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H -#include <stdint.h> -#endif -#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H -/* Tru64 5.1: int8_t is defined here, and stdint.h doesn't exist. */ -#include <inttypes.h> -#endif -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> -#include <sys/param.h> - -/* types and constants used for database structure */ - -#define MAX_PAGE_NUMBER 0xffffffff /* >= # of pages in a file */ -typedef u_int32_t db_pgno_t; -#define MAX_PAGE_OFFSET 65535 /* >= # of bytes in a page */ -typedef u_int16_t indx_t; -#define MAX_REC_NUMBER 0xffffffff /* >= # of records in a tree */ -typedef u_int32_t recno_t; - -/* - * Little endian <==> big endian 32-bit swap macros. - * M_32_SWAP swap a memory location - * P_32_SWAP swap a referenced memory location - * P_32_COPY swap from one location to another - */ -#define M_32_SWAP(a) { \ - u_int32_t _tmp = a; \ - ((char *)&a)[0] = ((char *)&_tmp)[3]; \ - ((char *)&a)[1] = ((char *)&_tmp)[2]; \ - ((char *)&a)[2] = ((char *)&_tmp)[1]; \ - ((char *)&a)[3] = ((char *)&_tmp)[0]; \ -} -#define P_32_SWAP(a) { \ - u_int32_t _tmp = *(u_int32_t *)a; \ - ((char *)a)[0] = ((char *)&_tmp)[3]; \ - ((char *)a)[1] = ((char *)&_tmp)[2]; \ - ((char *)a)[2] = ((char *)&_tmp)[1]; \ - ((char *)a)[3] = ((char *)&_tmp)[0]; \ -} -#define P_32_COPY(a, b) { \ - ((char *)&(b))[0] = ((char *)&(a))[3]; \ - ((char *)&(b))[1] = ((char *)&(a))[2]; \ - ((char *)&(b))[2] = ((char *)&(a))[1]; \ - ((char *)&(b))[3] = ((char *)&(a))[0]; \ -} - -/* - * Little endian <==> big endian 16-bit swap macros. - * M_16_SWAP swap a memory location - * P_16_SWAP swap a referenced memory location - * P_16_COPY swap from one location to another - */ -#define M_16_SWAP(a) { \ - u_int16_t _tmp = a; \ - ((char *)&a)[0] = ((char *)&_tmp)[1]; \ - ((char *)&a)[1] = ((char *)&_tmp)[0]; \ -} -#define P_16_SWAP(a) { \ - u_int16_t _tmp = *(u_int16_t *)a; \ - ((char *)a)[0] = ((char *)&_tmp)[1]; \ - ((char *)a)[1] = ((char *)&_tmp)[0]; \ -} -#define P_16_COPY(a, b) { \ - ((char *)&(b))[0] = ((char *)&(a))[1]; \ - ((char *)&(b))[1] = ((char *)&(a))[0]; \ -} - -/* open functions for each database type, used in dbopen() */ - -#define __bt_open __kdb2_bt_open -#define __hash_open __kdb2_hash_open -#define __rec_open __kdb2_rec_open -#define __dbpanic __kdb2_dbpanic - -DB *__bt_open __P((const char *, int, int, const BTREEINFO *, int)); -DB *__hash_open __P((const char *, int, int, const HASHINFO *, int)); -DB *__rec_open __P((const char *, int, int, const RECNOINFO *, int)); -void __dbpanic __P((DB *dbp)); - -/* - * There is no portable way to figure out the maximum value of a file - * offset, so we put it here. - */ -#ifdef OFF_T_MAX -#define DB_OFF_T_MAX OFF_T_MAX -#else -#define DB_OFF_T_MAX LONG_MAX -#endif - -#ifndef O_ACCMODE /* POSIX 1003.1 access mode mask. */ -#define O_ACCMODE (O_RDONLY|O_WRONLY|O_RDWR) -#endif - -/* - * If you can't provide lock values in the open(2) call. Note, this - * allows races to happen. - */ -#ifndef O_EXLOCK /* 4.4BSD extension. */ -#define O_EXLOCK 0 -#endif - -#ifndef O_SHLOCK /* 4.4BSD extension. */ -#define O_SHLOCK 0 -#endif - -#ifndef EFTYPE -#define EFTYPE EINVAL /* POSIX 1003.1 format errno. */ -#endif - -#ifndef STDERR_FILENO -#define STDIN_FILENO 0 /* ANSI C #defines */ -#define STDOUT_FILENO 1 -#define STDERR_FILENO 2 -#endif - -#ifndef SEEK_END -#define SEEK_SET 0 /* POSIX 1003.1 seek values */ -#define SEEK_CUR 1 -#define SEEK_END 2 -#endif - -#ifndef NULL /* ANSI C #defines NULL everywhere. */ -#define NULL 0 -#endif - -#ifndef MAX /* Usually found in <sys/param.h>. */ -#define MAX(_a,_b) ((_a)<(_b)?(_b):(_a)) -#endif -#ifndef MIN /* Usually found in <sys/param.h>. */ -#define MIN(_a,_b) ((_a)<(_b)?(_a):(_b)) -#endif - -#ifndef S_ISDIR /* POSIX 1003.1 file type tests. */ -#define S_ISDIR(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0040000) /* directory */ -#define S_ISCHR(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0020000) /* char special */ -#define S_ISBLK(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0060000) /* block special */ -#define S_ISREG(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0100000) /* regular file */ -#define S_ISFIFO(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0010000) /* fifo */ -#endif -#ifndef S_ISLNK /* BSD POSIX 1003.1 extensions */ -#define S_ISLNK(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0120000) /* symbolic link */ -#define S_ISSOCK(m) ((m & 0170000) == 0140000) /* socket */ -#endif - -#ifndef O_BINARY -#define O_BINARY 0 /* Needed for Win32 compiles */ -#endif -#endif /* _DB_INT_H_ */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db-ndbm.h b/src/util/db2/include/db-ndbm.h deleted file mode 100644 index e99f46fdc9..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db-ndbm.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,91 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)ndbm.h 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/2/93 - */ - -#ifndef _NDBM_H_ -#define _NDBM_H_ - -#include "db.h" - -/* Map dbm interface onto db(3). */ -#define DBM_RDONLY O_RDONLY - -/* Flags to dbm_store(). */ -#define DBM_INSERT 0 -#define DBM_REPLACE 1 - -/* - * The db(3) support for ndbm(3) always appends this suffix to the - * file name to avoid overwriting the user's original database. - */ -#define DBM_SUFFIX ".db" - -typedef struct { - char *dptr; - int dsize; -} datum; - -typedef DB DBM; -#define dbm_pagfno(a) DBM_PAGFNO_NOT_AVAILABLE - -#define dbm_close kdb2_dbm_close -#define dbm_delete kdb2_dbm_delete -#define dbm_fetch kdb2_dbm_fetch -#define dbm_firstkey kdb2_dbm_firstkey -#define dbm_forder kdb2_dbm_forder -#define dbm_nextkey kdb2_dbm_nextkey -#define dbm_open kdb2_dbm_open -#define dbm_store kdb2_dbm_store -#define dbm_dirfno kdb2_dbm_dirfno -#define dbm_error kdb2_dbm_error -#define dbm_clearerr kdb2_dbm_clearerr - -__BEGIN_DECLS -void dbm_close __P((DBM *)); -int dbm_delete __P((DBM *, datum)); -datum dbm_fetch __P((DBM *, datum)); -datum dbm_firstkey __P((DBM *)); -long dbm_forder __P((DBM *, datum)); -datum dbm_nextkey __P((DBM *)); -DBM *dbm_open __P((const char *, int, int)); -int dbm_store __P((DBM *, datum, datum, int)); -int dbm_dirfno __P((DBM *)); -int dbm_error __P((DBM *db)); -int dbm_clearerr __P((DBM *db)); -__END_DECLS - -#endif /* !_NDBM_H_ */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db-queue.h b/src/util/db2/include/db-queue.h deleted file mode 100644 index 40d32ccb6e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db-queue.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,245 +0,0 @@ -/* - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)queue.h 8.3 (Berkeley) 12/13/93 - */ - -#ifndef _QUEUE_H_ -#define _QUEUE_H_ - -/* - * This file defines three types of data structures: lists, tail queues, - * and circular queues. - * - * A list is headed by a single forward pointer (or an array of forward - * pointers for a hash table header). The elements are doubly linked - * so that an arbitrary element can be removed without a need to - * traverse the list. New elements can be added to the list after - * an existing element or at the head of the list. A list may only be - * traversed in the forward direction. - * - * A tail queue is headed by a pair of pointers, one to the head of the - * list and the other to the tail of the list. The elements are doubly - * linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed without a need to - * traverse the list. New elements can be added to the list after - * an existing element, at the head of the list, or at the end of the - * list. A tail queue may only be traversed in the forward direction. - * - * A circle queue is headed by a pair of pointers, one to the head of the - * list and the other to the tail of the list. The elements are doubly - * linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed without a need to - * traverse the list. New elements can be added to the list before or after - * an existing element, at the head of the list, or at the end of the list. - * A circle queue may be traversed in either direction, but has a more - * complex end of list detection. - * - * For details on the use of these macros, see the queue(3) manual page. - */ - -/* - * List definitions. - */ -#define LIST_HEAD(name, type) \ -struct name { \ - struct type *lh_first; /* first element */ \ -} - -#define LIST_ENTRY(type) \ -struct { \ - struct type *le_next; /* next element */ \ - struct type **le_prev; /* address of previous next element */ \ -} - -/* - * List functions. - */ -#define LIST_INIT(head) { \ - (head)->lh_first = NULL; \ -} - -#define LIST_INSERT_AFTER(listelm, elm, field) { \ - if (((elm)->field.le_next = (listelm)->field.le_next) != NULL) \ - (listelm)->field.le_next->field.le_prev = \ - &(elm)->field.le_next; \ - (listelm)->field.le_next = (elm); \ - (elm)->field.le_prev = &(listelm)->field.le_next; \ -} - -#define LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) { \ - if (((elm)->field.le_next = (head)->lh_first) != NULL) \ - (head)->lh_first->field.le_prev = &(elm)->field.le_next;\ - (head)->lh_first = (elm); \ - (elm)->field.le_prev = &(head)->lh_first; \ -} - -#define LIST_REMOVE(elm, field) { \ - if ((elm)->field.le_next != NULL) \ - (elm)->field.le_next->field.le_prev = \ - (elm)->field.le_prev; \ - *(elm)->field.le_prev = (elm)->field.le_next; \ -} - -/* - * Tail queue definitions. - */ -#define TAILQ_HEAD(name, type) \ -struct name { \ - struct type *tqh_first; /* first element */ \ - struct type **tqh_last; /* addr of last next element */ \ -} - -#define TAILQ_ENTRY(type) \ -struct { \ - struct type *tqe_next; /* next element */ \ - struct type **tqe_prev; /* address of previous next element */ \ -} - -/* - * Tail queue functions. - */ -#define TAILQ_INIT(head) { \ - (head)->tqh_first = NULL; \ - (head)->tqh_last = &(head)->tqh_first; \ -} - -#define TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) { \ - if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (head)->tqh_first) != NULL) \ - (elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev = \ - &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \ - else \ - (head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \ - (head)->tqh_first = (elm); \ - (elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(head)->tqh_first; \ -} - -#define TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) { \ - (elm)->field.tqe_next = NULL; \ - (elm)->field.tqe_prev = (head)->tqh_last; \ - *(head)->tqh_last = (elm); \ - (head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \ -} - -#define TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) { \ - if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (listelm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL)\ - (elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev = \ - &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \ - else \ - (head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \ - (listelm)->field.tqe_next = (elm); \ - (elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(listelm)->field.tqe_next; \ -} - -#define TAILQ_REMOVE(head, elm, field) { \ - if (((elm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL) \ - (elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev = \ - (elm)->field.tqe_prev; \ - else \ - (head)->tqh_last = (elm)->field.tqe_prev; \ - *(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (elm)->field.tqe_next; \ -} - -/* - * Circular queue definitions. - */ -#define CIRCLEQ_HEAD(name, type) \ -struct name { \ - struct type *cqh_first; /* first element */ \ - struct type *cqh_last; /* last element */ \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(type) \ -struct { \ - struct type *cqe_next; /* next element */ \ - struct type *cqe_prev; /* previous element */ \ -} - -/* - * Circular queue functions. - */ -#define CIRCLEQ_INIT(head) { \ - (head)->cqh_first = (void *)(head); \ - (head)->cqh_last = (void *)(head); \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) { \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next = (listelm)->field.cqe_next; \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev = (listelm); \ - if ((listelm)->field.cqe_next == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_last = (elm); \ - else \ - (listelm)->field.cqe_next->field.cqe_prev = (elm); \ - (listelm)->field.cqe_next = (elm); \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(head, listelm, elm, field) { \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next = (listelm); \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev = (listelm)->field.cqe_prev; \ - if ((listelm)->field.cqe_prev == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_first = (elm); \ - else \ - (listelm)->field.cqe_prev->field.cqe_next = (elm); \ - (listelm)->field.cqe_prev = (elm); \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) { \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next = (head)->cqh_first; \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev = (void *)(head); \ - if ((head)->cqh_last == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_last = (elm); \ - else \ - (head)->cqh_first->field.cqe_prev = (elm); \ - (head)->cqh_first = (elm); \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) { \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next = (void *)(head); \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev = (head)->cqh_last; \ - if ((head)->cqh_first == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_first = (elm); \ - else \ - (head)->cqh_last->field.cqe_next = (elm); \ - (head)->cqh_last = (elm); \ -} - -#define CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(head, elm, field) { \ - if ((elm)->field.cqe_next == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_last = (elm)->field.cqe_prev; \ - else \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next->field.cqe_prev = \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev; \ - if ((elm)->field.cqe_prev == (void *)(head)) \ - (head)->cqh_first = (elm)->field.cqe_next; \ - else \ - (elm)->field.cqe_prev->field.cqe_next = \ - (elm)->field.cqe_next; \ -} -#endif /* !_QUEUE_H_ */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/include/db.h b/src/util/db2/include/db.h deleted file mode 100644 index 980145a3d9..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/include/db.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)db.h 8.8 (Berkeley) 11/2/95 - */ - -#ifndef _DB_H_ -#define _DB_H_ - -#include <db-config.h> - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#define RET_ERROR -1 /* Return values. */ -#define RET_SUCCESS 0 -#define RET_SPECIAL 1 - -/* Key/data structure -- a Data-Base Thang. */ -typedef struct { - void *data; /* data */ - size_t size; /* data length */ -} DBT; - -/* Routine flags. */ -#define R_CURSOR 1 /* del, put, seq */ -#define __R_UNUSED 2 /* UNUSED */ -#define R_FIRST 3 /* seq */ -#define R_IAFTER 4 /* put (RECNO) */ -#define R_IBEFORE 5 /* put (RECNO) */ -#define R_LAST 6 /* seq (BTREE, RECNO) */ -#define R_NEXT 7 /* seq */ -#define R_NOOVERWRITE 8 /* put */ -#define R_PREV 9 /* seq (BTREE, RECNO) */ -#define R_SETCURSOR 10 /* put (RECNO) */ -#define R_RECNOSYNC 11 /* sync (RECNO) */ - -typedef enum { DB_BTREE, DB_HASH, DB_RECNO } DBTYPE; - -/* - * !!! - * The following flags are included in the dbopen(3) call as part of the - * open(2) flags. In order to avoid conflicts with the open flags, start - * at the top of the 16 or 32-bit number space and work our way down. If - * the open flags were significantly expanded in the future, it could be - * a problem. Wish I'd left another flags word in the dbopen call. - * - * !!! - * None of this stuff is implemented yet. The only reason that it's here - * is so that the access methods can skip copying the key/data pair when - * the DB_LOCK flag isn't set. - */ -#if SIZEOF_INT == 4 -#define DB_LOCK 0x20000000 /* Do locking. */ -#define DB_SHMEM 0x40000000 /* Use shared memory. */ -#define DB_TXN 0x80000000 /* Do transactions. */ -#else -#define DB_LOCK 0x2000 /* Do locking. */ -#define DB_SHMEM 0x4000 /* Use shared memory. */ -#define DB_TXN 0x8000 /* Do transactions. */ -#endif - -/* deal with turning prototypes on and off */ - -#ifndef __P -#if defined(__STDC__) || defined(__cplusplus) -#define __P(protos) protos /* full-blown ANSI C */ -#else /* !(__STDC__ || __cplusplus) */ -#define __P(protos) () /* traditional C preprocessor */ -#endif -#endif /* no __P from system */ - -/* Access method description structure. */ -typedef struct __db { - DBTYPE type; /* Underlying db type. */ - int (*close) __P((struct __db *)); - int (*del) __P((const struct __db *, const DBT *, u_int)); - int (*get) __P((const struct __db *, const DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); - int (*put) __P((const struct __db *, DBT *, const DBT *, u_int)); - int (*seq) __P((const struct __db *, DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); - int (*sync) __P((const struct __db *, u_int)); - void *internal; /* Access method private. */ - int (*fd) __P((const struct __db *)); -} DB; - -#define BTREEMAGIC 0x053162 -#define BTREEVERSION 3 - -/* Structure used to pass parameters to the btree routines. */ -typedef struct { -#define R_DUP 0x01 /* duplicate keys */ - u_long flags; - u_int cachesize; /* bytes to cache */ - int maxkeypage; /* maximum keys per page */ - int minkeypage; /* minimum keys per page */ - u_int psize; /* page size */ - int (*compare) /* comparison function */ - __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); - size_t (*prefix) /* prefix function */ - __P((const DBT *, const DBT *)); - int lorder; /* byte order */ -} BTREEINFO; - -#define HASHMAGIC 0x061561 -#define HASHVERSION 3 - -/* Structure used to pass parameters to the hashing routines. */ -typedef struct { - u_int bsize; /* bucket size */ - u_int ffactor; /* fill factor */ - u_int nelem; /* number of elements */ - u_int cachesize; /* bytes to cache */ - u_int32_t /* hash function */ - (*hash) __P((const void *, size_t)); - int lorder; /* byte order */ -} HASHINFO; - -/* Structure used to pass parameters to the record routines. */ -typedef struct { -#define R_FIXEDLEN 0x01 /* fixed-length records */ -#define R_NOKEY 0x02 /* key not required */ -#define R_SNAPSHOT 0x04 /* snapshot the input */ - u_long flags; - u_int cachesize; /* bytes to cache */ - u_int psize; /* page size */ - int lorder; /* byte order */ - size_t reclen; /* record length (fixed-length records) */ - u_char bval; /* delimiting byte (variable-length records */ - char *bfname; /* btree file name */ -} RECNOINFO; - -#if defined(__cplusplus) -#define __BEGIN_DECLS extern "C" { -#define __END_DECLS }; -#else -#define __BEGIN_DECLS -#define __END_DECLS -#endif - -#define dbopen kdb2_dbopen -#define bt_rseq kdb2_bt_rseq /* XXX kludge */ -__BEGIN_DECLS -DB *dbopen __P((const char *, int, int, DBTYPE, const void *)); -int bt_rseq(const DB*, DBT *, DBT *, void **, u_int); /* XXX kludge */ -__END_DECLS - -#endif /* !_DB_H_ */ diff --git a/src/util/db2/libdb.exports b/src/util/db2/libdb.exports deleted file mode 100644 index 5dbc2e4389..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/libdb.exports +++ /dev/null @@ -1,99 +0,0 @@ -__default_hash -__kdb2_add_bigpage -__kdb2_add_ovflpage -__kdb2_addel -__kdb2_big_delete -__kdb2_big_insert -__kdb2_big_keydata -__kdb2_big_return -__kdb2_bt_close -__kdb2_bt_cmp -__kdb2_bt_defcmp -__kdb2_bt_defpfx -__kdb2_bt_deleaf -__kdb2_bt_delete -__kdb2_bt_fd -__kdb2_bt_free -__kdb2_bt_get -__kdb2_bt_new -__kdb2_bt_open -__kdb2_bt_pgin -__kdb2_bt_pgout -__kdb2_bt_put -__kdb2_bt_ret -__kdb2_bt_search -__kdb2_bt_seq -__kdb2_bt_setcur -__kdb2_bt_split -__kdb2_bt_sync -__kdb2_call_hash -__kdb2_cursor_creat -__kdb2_dbpanic -__kdb2_delete_page -__kdb2_delpair -__kdb2_expand_table -__kdb2_find_bigpair -__kdb2_free_ovflpage -__kdb2_get_bigkey -__kdb2_get_item -__kdb2_get_item_done -__kdb2_get_item_first -__kdb2_get_item_next -__kdb2_get_item_reset -__kdb2_get_page -__kdb2_hash_open -__kdb2_ibitmap -__kdb2_log2 -__kdb2_new_page -__kdb2_ovfl_delete -__kdb2_ovfl_get -__kdb2_ovfl_put -__kdb2_pgin_routine -__kdb2_pgout_routine -__kdb2_put_page -__kdb2_rec_close -__kdb2_rec_delete -__kdb2_rec_dleaf -__kdb2_rec_fd -__kdb2_rec_fmap -__kdb2_rec_fpipe -__kdb2_rec_get -__kdb2_rec_iput -__kdb2_rec_open -__kdb2_rec_put -__kdb2_rec_ret -__kdb2_rec_search -__kdb2_rec_seq -__kdb2_rec_sync -__kdb2_rec_vmap -__kdb2_rec_vpipe -__kdb2_split_page -kdb2_bt_rseq -kdb2_dbm_clearerr -kdb2_dbm_close -kdb2_dbm_delete -kdb2_dbm_dirfno -kdb2_dbm_error -kdb2_dbm_fetch -kdb2_dbm_firstkey -kdb2_dbm_nextkey -kdb2_dbm_open -kdb2_dbm_store -kdb2_dbminit -kdb2_dbopen -kdb2_delete -kdb2_fetch -kdb2_firstkey -kdb2_hcreate -kdb2_hdestroy -kdb2_hsearch -kdb2_mpool_close -kdb2_mpool_delete -kdb2_mpool_filter -kdb2_mpool_get -kdb2_mpool_new -kdb2_mpool_open -kdb2_mpool_put -kdb2_mpool_sync -kdb2_nextkey -kdb2_store diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/man/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index f85cba1f81..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.2 (Berkeley) 11/14/94 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/man - -MAN3+= db_btree.0 db_hash.0 db_lock.0 db_log.0 db_mpool.0 db_open.0 \ - db_recno.0 -MLINKS+=db_open.3 db.3 db_open.3 dbopen.3 diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db.man.ps b/src/util/db2/man/db.man.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 23feea6e5c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db.man.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2295 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 28 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 113.45(DB_BTREE\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 113.45(anual DB_BTREE\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA) -72 84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_btree \255 btree database access method)108 96 Q F1 -(DESCRIPTION)72 112.8 Q F0 .486(The DB library is a f)108 124.8 R .485 -(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .485 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .485(ace to trans-)-.1 F .822 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 136.8 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 148.8 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 148.8 S .258(ell as v)237.082 148.8 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 148.8 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 148.8 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 148.8 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 160.8 R .306(tional groups are e)108 172.8 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 172.8 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 184.8 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F2(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .308(and then the indi)108 196.8 R .308 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F2(db_btr)2.807 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_hash)2.807 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(db_lo)2.807 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.307(\(3\) and).22 F F2(db_r)2.807 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -208.8 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -208.8 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 208.8 Q F2(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 220.8 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 220.8 Q F2(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E -(This manual page describes speci\214c details of the btree access method.)108 -237.6 Q 1.518(The btree data structure is a sorted, balanced tree structure st\ -oring associated k)108 254.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.517(/data pairs.).15 F -(Searches,)6.517 E .598(insertions, and deletions in the btree will all comple\ -te in O lg base N where base is the a)108 266.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .598 -(rage \214ll f).15 F(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .306 -(Often, inserting ordered data into btrees results in a lo)108 278.4 R 2.806 -<778c>-.25 G .305(ll f)341.61 278.4 R(actor)-.1 E 5.305(.T)-.55 G .305 -(his implementation has been modi\214ed)386.56 278.4 R(to mak)108 290.4 Q 2.5 -(eo)-.1 G(rdered insertion the best case, resulting in a much better than norm\ -al page \214ll f)147.34 290.4 Q(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.495(AC)72 307.2 S -(CESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMA).495 E(TION)-.855 E F0 .175 -(The btree access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 319.2 R .176 -(vided to)-.15 F F2(db_open)2.676 E F0 .176(is typedef)2.676 F 1.176 -.5('d a) -.55 H .176(nd named BTREEINFO.).5 F 2.638(AB)108 331.2 S .138 -(TREEINFO structure has at least the follo)124.528 331.2 R .137 -(wing \214elds, which may be initialized before calling)-.25 F F2(db_open)2.637 -E F0(:).24 E(u_int cachesize;)108 348 Q 3.743(As)133 360 S 1.243 -(uggested maximum size \(in bytes\) of the memory cache.)147.853 360 R 1.243 -(This v)6.243 F 1.243(alue is)-.25 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(only)3.743 E F0 -(advisory)3.743 E 3.744(,a)-.65 G 1.244(nd the)514.036 360 R .017 -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)133 372 R 2.517 -(ail. Since)-.1 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)2.517 H .016(ry search e).25 F .016 -(xamines the root page)-.15 F 1.319 -(of the tree, caching the most recently used pages substantially impro)133 384 -R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.82(sa).15 G 1.32(ccess time.)441.05 384 R 1.32(In addition,) -6.32 F(ph)133 396 Q .911(ysical writes are delayed as long as possible, so a m\ -oderate cache can reduce the number of I/O)-.05 F 1.497 -(operations signi\214cantly)133 408 R 6.497(.O)-.65 G -.15(bv)243.674 408 S -(iously).15 E 3.997(,u)-.65 G 1.497(sing a cache increases \(b)288.821 408 R -1.498(ut only increases\) the lik)-.2 F 1.498(elihood of)-.1 F .336(corruption\ - or lost data if the system crashes while a tree is being modi\214ed.)133 420 R -(If)5.336 E F2(cac)2.836 E(hesize)-.15 E F0 .335(is 0 \(no size)2.835 F -(is speci\214ed\) a def)133 432 Q(ault cache is used.)-.1 E -(int \(*compare\)\(const DBT *, const DBT *\);)108 448.8 Q .194 -(Compare is the k)133 460.8 R .494 -.15(ey c)-.1 H .194(omparison function.).15 -F .194(It must return an inte)5.194 F .194 -(ger less than, equal to, or greater than)-.15 F .656(zero if the \214rst k)133 -472.8 R .956 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G .656 -(ument is considered to be respecti).18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .655 -(ly less than, equal to, or greater than the).15 F .798(second k)133 484.8 R -1.098 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G 3.298(ument. The).18 F .798 -(same comparison function must be used on a gi)3.298 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.298(nt) -.15 G .799(ree e)462.774 484.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .799(ry time it is).15 F 2.79 -(opened. If)133 496.8 R F2(compar)2.79 E(e)-.37 E F0 .29 -(is NULL \(no comparison function is speci\214ed\), the k)2.79 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -2.79(sa).15 G .29(re compared le)451.08 496.8 R(xically)-.15 E(,)-.65 E -(with shorter k)133 508.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sc).15 G -(onsidered less than longer k)208.57 508.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E -(u_long \215ags;)108 525.6 Q(The \215ag v)133 537.6 Q(alue is speci\214ed by) --.25 E F2(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)302.2 537.6 S -(he follo)310.81 537.6 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_DUP)133 554.4 Q .354 -(Permit duplicate k)158 566.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.854(si).15 G 2.854(nt)250.752 -566.4 S .355(he tree, i.e. permit insertion if the k)261.386 566.4 R .655 -.15 -(ey t)-.1 H 2.855(ob).15 G 2.855(ei)432.64 566.4 S .355(nserted already e) -442.715 566.4 R .355(xists in)-.15 F 1.65(the tree.)158 578.4 R 1.65(The def) -6.65 F 1.65(ault beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.149(,a)-.4 G 4.149(sd)295.509 578.4 S -1.649(escribed in)308.548 578.4 R F2(db_open)4.149 E F0 1.649(\(3\), is to o) -.24 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.649(rwrite a matching k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .783 -(when inserting a ne)158 590.4 R 3.283(wk)-.25 G 1.083 -.15(ey o)253.542 590.4 -T 3.283(rt).15 G 3.283(of)280.508 590.4 S .783(ail if the R_NOO)292.021 590.4 R -(VER)-.5 E .784(WRITE \215ag is speci\214ed.)-.55 F .784(The R_DUP)5.784 F .129 -(\215ag is o)158 602.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .129(rridden by the R_NOO).15 F(VER)-.5 -E .128(WRITE \215ag, and if the R_NOO)-.55 F(VER)-.5 E .128 -(WRITE \215ag is spec-)-.55 F(i\214ed, attempts to insert duplicate k)158 614.4 -Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G(nto the tree will f)314.69 614.4 Q(ail.)-.1 E .835 -(If the database contains duplicate k)158 631.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .835 -(s, the order of retrie).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.335(lo).25 G 3.336(fk)414.7 -631.2 S -.15(ey)426.266 631.2 S .836(/data pairs is unde\214ned if).15 F(the) -158 643.2 Q F2 -.1(ge)3.003 G(t).1 E F0 .503(function is used, ho)3.003 F(we) --.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(seq)3.403 E F0 .502 -(function calls with the R_CURSOR \215ag set will al)3.003 F -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 -E(return the logical `)158 655.2 Q(`\214rst')-.74 E 2.5('o)-.74 G 2.5(fa)263.72 -655.2 S .3 -.15(ny g)273.99 655.2 T(roup of duplicate k).15 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.) -.15 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 113.45(DB_BTREE\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 113.45(anual DB_BTREE\(3\))340.17 48 R(int lorder;)108 84 Q .65 -(The byte order for inte)133 96 R .65(gers in the stored database metadata.) --.15 F .65(The number should represent the order)5.65 F .749(as an inte)133 108 -R .749(ger; for e)-.15 F .749(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .749 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.749 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(lor)3.249 E -(der)-.37 E F0 .749(is 0 \(no order is)3.249 F -(speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.)133 120 Q(int maxk)108 136.8 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G(page;).15 E .073(The maximum number of k)133 148.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 -G 2.573(sw).15 G .073(hich will be stored on an)266.155 148.8 R 2.574(ys)-.15 G -.074(ingle page.)376.436 148.8 R .074(This functionality is not cur)5.074 F(-) --.2 E(rently implemented.)133 160.8 Q(int mink)108 177.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(page;) -.15 E .532(The minimum number of k)133 189.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.031(sw).15 G -.531(hich will be stored on an)266.787 189.6 R 3.031(ys)-.15 G .531 -(ingle page.)379.813 189.6 R .531(This v)5.531 F .531(alue is used to deter) --.25 F(-)-.2 E .558(mine which k)133 201.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.058(sw).15 G .558 -(ill be stored on o)211.914 201.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 3.058(wp)-.25 G -.558(ages, i.e. if a k)319.424 201.6 R .859 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 3.059(rd).15 G .559 -(ata item is longer than the page-)408.336 201.6 R .063(size di)133 213.6 R -.063(vided by the mink)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .063(page v).15 F .063 -(alue, it will be stored on o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 2.563(wp)-.25 -G .062(ages instead of in the page itself.)408.816 213.6 R(If)133 225.6 Q F1 -(mink)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G(pa).3 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F0(is 0 \(no minimum number of k) -2.6 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ss)332.96 225.6 S(peci\214ed\) a v)343.24 -225.6 Q(alue of 2 is used.)-.25 E -(size_t \(*pre\214x\)\(const DBT *, const DBT *\);)108 242.4 Q .691 -(Pre\214x is the pre\214x comparison function.)133 254.4 R .692 -(If speci\214ed, this function must return the number of bytes)5.691 F .195 -(of the second k)133 266.4 R .495 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G .195 -(ument which are necessary to determine that it is greater than the \214rst k) -.18 F .495 -.15(ey a)-.1 H -.18(rg).15 G(u-).18 E 2.994(ment. If)133 278.4 R -.494(the k)2.994 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.994(sa).15 G .494(re equal, the k)211.376 -278.4 R .794 -.15(ey l)-.1 H .494(ength should be returned.).15 F .494 -(Note, the usefulness of this function)5.494 F .327(is v)133 290.4 R .327 -(ery data dependent, b)-.15 F .326(ut, in some data sets can produce signi\214\ -cantly reduced tree sizes and search)-.2 F 2.789(times. If)133 302.4 R F1(pr) -2.789 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .289(is NULL \(no pre\214x function is speci\214ed\),) -2.789 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(and)2.789 E F0 .29 -(no comparison function is speci\214ed, a)2.79 F(def)133 314.4 Q .902(ault le) --.1 F .902(xical comparison function is used.)-.15 F(If)5.901 E F1(pr)3.401 E -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .901(is NULL and a comparison function is speci-)3.401 F -(\214ed, no pre\214x comparison is done.)133 326.4 Q(u_int psize;)108 343.2 Q --.15(Pa)133 355.2 S .118 -(ge size is the size \(in bytes\) of the pages used for nodes in the tree.).15 -F .119(The minimum page size is 512)5.119 F .377 -(bytes and the maximum page size is 64K.)133 367.2 R(If)5.376 E F1(psize)2.876 -E F0 .376(is 0 \(no page size is speci\214ed\) a page size is cho-)2.876 F -(sen based on the underlying \214le system I/O block size.)133 379.2 Q .79 -(If the \214le already e)108 396 R .79(xists \(and the O_TR)-.15 F .79 -(UNC \215ag is not speci\214ed\), the v)-.4 F .79 -(alues speci\214ed for the parameters)-.25 F -(\215ags, lorder and psize are ignored in f)108 408 Q -.2(avo)-.1 G 2.5(ro).2 G -2.5(ft)284.4 408 S(he v)293.01 408 Q(alues used when the tree w)-.25 E -(as created.)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(DB OPERA)72 424.8 Q(TIONS)-.855 E F0 -1.037(The functions returned by)108 436.8 R F1(db_open)3.537 E F0 1.036 -(for the btree access method are as described in)3.536 F F1(db_open)3.536 E F0 -1.036(\(3\), with the).24 F(follo)108 448.8 Q(wing e)-.25 E -(xceptions and additions:)-.15 E 5.28(type The)108 465.6 R(type is DB_BTREE.) -2.5 E 10.28(del Space)108 482.4 R 1.681(freed up by deleting k)4.181 F -.15(ey) --.1 G 1.681(/data pairs from the tree is ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.181(rr).15 G -1.682(eclaimed, although it is reused)411.342 482.4 R .734(where possible.)133 -494.4 R .734(This means that the btree storage structure is gro)5.734 F(w-only) --.25 E 5.734(.T)-.65 G .734(he only solutions are to)443.734 494.4 R -.2(avo) -133 506.4 S(id e).2 E(xcessi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve d)-.25 H -(eletions, or to create a fresh tree periodically from a scan of an e).15 E -(xisting one.)-.15 E 9.72(put The)108 523.2 R F1(put)2.5 E F0(function tak)2.5 -E(es the follo)-.1 E(wing additional \215ags:)-.25 E(R_SETCURSOR)133 540 Q -(Store the k)158 552 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(/data pair).15 E 2.5(,s)-.4 G -(etting or initializing the position of the cursor to reference it.)256.5 552 Q -9.17(seq F)108 568.8 R(orw)-.15 E -(ard sequential scans of a tree are from the least k)-.1 E .3 -.15(ey t)-.1 H -2.5(ot).15 G(he greatest.)373.55 568.8 Q .892(The returned k)133 585.6 R 1.192 --.15(ey f)-.1 H .892(or the).15 F F1(seq)3.393 E F0 .893 -(function is not necessarily an e)3.393 F .893 -(xact match for the speci\214ed k)-.15 F 1.193 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.393(nt).15 G -(he)530.56 585.6 Q .5(btree access method.)133 597.6 R .5(The returned k)5.5 F -.8 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3(st).15 G .499(he smallest k)307.04 597.6 R .799 -.15(ey g) --.1 H .499(reater than or equal to the speci\214ed k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(,)-.5 -E(permitting partial k)133 609.6 Q .3 -.15(ey m)-.1 H -(atches and range searches.).15 E(The)133 626.4 Q F1(seq)2.5 E F0(function tak) -2.5 E(es the follo)-.1 E(wing additional \215ags:)-.25 E(R_LAST)133 643.2 Q .04 -(The last k)158 655.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .04(/data pair of the database is return\ -ed, and the cursor is set or initialized to reference).15 F(it.)158 667.2 Q -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 3 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 113.45(DB_BTREE\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 113.45(anual DB_BTREE\(3\))340.17 48 R(R_PREV)133 84 Q(Retrie)158 96 -Q .59 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .29(he k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .29 -(/data pair immediately before the cursor).15 F 5.29(.I)-.55 G 2.79(ft)395.73 -96 S .29(he cursor is not yet set, this is the)404.63 96 R -(same as the R_LAST \215ag.)158 108 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)72 124.8 Q(ORS) --.27 E F0(The)108 136.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(btr)2.541 E(ee)-.37 E F0 .041 -(access method functions may f)2.541 F .041(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno)2.541 E -F0 .041(for an)2.541 F 2.541(yo)-.15 G 2.541(ft)376.152 136.8 S .041 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library func-)384.803 136.8 R(tion)108 148.8 Q -F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).24 E F1(SEE ALSO)72 165.6 Q F2(db_hash)108 177.6 Q -F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E F2(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E -F0(\(3\),).22 E F2(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\),) -.24 E F2(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_txn)2.5 E F0(\(3\)).24 E -F2(The Ubiquitous B-tr)108 201.6 Q(ee)-.37 E F0 2.5(,D).18 G(ouglas Comer) -209.47 201.6 Q 2.5(,A)-.4 G(CM Comput. Surv)276.72 201.6 Q 2.5(.1)-.65 G -(1, 2 \(June 1979\), 121-138.)360.25 201.6 Q F2(Pr)108 225.6 Q 1.588 -(e\214x B-tr)-.37 F(ees)-.37 E F0 4.088(,B).27 G 1.587(ayer and Unterauer) -177.636 225.6 R 4.087(,A)-.4 G 1.587(CM T)270.447 225.6 R 1.587 -(ransactions on Database Systems, V)-.35 F 1.587(ol. 2, 1 \(March 1977\),)-1.29 -F(11-26.)108 237.6 Q F2(The Art of Computer Pr)108 261.6 Q -.1(og)-.45 G -.15 -(ra).1 G(mming V).15 E(ol. 3: Sorting and Sear)-1.11 E -.15(ch)-.37 G(ing).15 E -F0 2.5(,D).22 G(.E. Knuth, 1968, pp 471-480.)382 261.6 Q(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele) --.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E -(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 4 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_HASH\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_HASH\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 -84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_hash \255 hash database access method)108 96 Q F1 -(DESCRIPTION)72 112.8 Q F0 .485(The DB library is a f)108 124.8 R .485 -(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .486 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .486(ace to trans-)-.1 F .823 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 136.8 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 148.8 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 148.8 S .258(ell as v)237.082 148.8 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 148.8 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 148.8 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 148.8 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 160.8 R .306(tional groups are e)108 172.8 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 172.8 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 184.8 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F2(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .307(and then the indi)108 196.8 R .307 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F2(db_btr)2.808 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_hash)2.808 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(db_lo)2.808 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.308(\(3\) and).22 F F2(db_r)2.808 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -208.8 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -208.8 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 208.8 Q F2(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 220.8 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 220.8 Q F2(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E -(This manual page describes speci\214c details of the hashing access method.) -108 237.6 Q .59(The hash data structure is an e)108 254.4 R .591 -(xtensible, dynamic hashing scheme.)-.15 F(Backw)5.591 E .591 -(ard compatible interf)-.1 F .591(aces to the)-.1 F .209 -(functions described in)108 266.4 R F2(dbm)2.709 E F0 .209(\(3\), and).32 F F2 -(ndbm)2.709 E F0 .209(\(3\) are pro).32 F .209(vided, ho)-.15 F(we)-.25 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.708(rt).15 G .208(hese interf)382.71 266.4 R .208 -(aces are not compatible with)-.1 F(pre)108 278.4 Q(vious \214le formats.)-.25 -E F1 -.495(AC)72 295.2 S(CESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMA).495 E(TION)-.855 E F0 -.612(The hash access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 307.2 R .612 -(vided to)-.15 F F2(db_open)3.112 E F0 .612(is typedef)3.112 F 1.612 -.5('d a) -.55 H .613(nd named HASHINFO.).5 F 2.5(AH)108 319.2 S -(ASHINFO structure has at least the follo)124.94 319.2 Q -(wing \214elds, which may be initialized before calling)-.25 E F2(db_open)2.5 E -F0(:).24 E(u_int bsize;)108 336 Q F2(Bsize)133 348 Q F0 2.041 -(de\214nes the hash table b)4.541 F(uck)-.2 E 2.041(et size, and is, by def)-.1 -F 2.04(ault, 256 bytes.)-.1 F 2.04(It may be preferable to)7.04 F -(increase the page size for disk-resident tables and tables with lar)133 360 Q -(ge data items.)-.18 E(u_int cachesize;)108 376.8 Q 3.846(As)133 388.8 S 1.347 -(uggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache.)147.956 388.8 R 1.347 -(This v)6.347 F 1.347(alue is)-.25 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(only)3.847 E F0 -(advisory)3.847 E 3.847(,a)-.65 G 1.347(nd the)513.933 388.8 R -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)133 400.8 Q(ail.)-.1 E -(u_int f)108 417.6 Q -.1(fa)-.25 G(ctor;).1 E F2(Ffactor)133 429.6 Q F0 1.17 -(indicates a desired density within the hash table.)3.67 F 1.169 -(It is an approximation of the number of)6.169 F -.1(ke)133 441.6 S 1.162 -(ys allo)-.05 F 1.162(wed to accumulate in an)-.25 F 3.662(yo)-.15 G 1.162 -(ne b)284.852 441.6 R(uck)-.2 E 1.162(et, determining when the hash table gro) --.1 F 1.162(ws or shrinks.)-.25 F(The def)133 453.6 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 8.) --.25 E(u_int32_t \(*hash\)\(const v)108 470.4 Q(oid *, size_t\);)-.2 E F2(Hash) -133 482.4 Q F0 .788(is a user de\214ned hash function.)3.288 F .787 -(Since no hash function performs equally well on all possible)5.788 F .017 -(data, the user may \214nd that the b)133 494.4 R .018 -(uilt-in hash function does poorly on a particular data set.)-.2 F .018 -(User speci-)5.018 F 1.154(\214ed hash functions must tak)133 506.4 R 3.654(et) --.1 G 1.354 -.1(wo a)260.61 506.4 T -.18(rg).1 G 1.154 -(uments \(a pointer to a byte string and a length\) and return a).18 F -(32-bit quantity to be used as the hash v)133 518.4 Q(alue.)-.25 E .665 -(If a hash function is speci\214ed,)133 535.2 R F2(hash_open)3.165 E F0 .666 -(will attempt to determine if the hash function speci\214ed is)3.166 F -(the same as the one with which the database w)133 547.2 Q -(as created, and will f)-.1 E(ail if it is not.)-.1 E(int lorder;)108 564 Q .65 -(The byte order for inte)133 576 R .65(gers in the stored database metadata.) --.15 F .65(The number should represent the order)5.65 F .748(as an inte)133 588 -R .749(ger; for e)-.15 F .749(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .749 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.749 E F2(lor)3.249 E(der)-.37 E F0 .749 -(is 0 \(no order is)3.249 F .456(speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.) -133 600 R .456(If the)5.456 F .456(\214le already e)5.456 F .456 -(xists, the speci\214ed v)-.15 F .455(alue is ignored and)-.25 F(the v)133 612 -Q(alue speci\214ed when the tree w)-.25 E(as created is used.)-.1 E -(u_int nelem;)108 628.8 Q F2(Nelem)133 640.8 Q F0 1.225 -(is an estimate of the \214nal size of the hash table.)3.724 F 1.225 -(If not set or set too lo)6.225 F 2.525 -.65(w, h)-.25 H 1.225(ash tables will) -.65 F -.15(ex)133 652.8 S 1.294(pand gracefully as k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.794 -(sa).15 G 1.294(re entered, although a slight performance de)248.296 652.8 R -1.293(gradation may be noticed.)-.15 F(The def)133 664.8 Q(ault v)-.1 E -(alue is 1.)-.25 E .79(If the \214le already e)108 681.6 R .79 -(xists \(and the O_TR)-.15 F .79(UNC \215ag is not speci\214ed\), the v)-.4 F -.79(alues speci\214ed for the parameters)-.25 F(bsize, f)108 693.6 Q -.1(fa) --.25 G(ctor).1 E 2.5(,l)-.4 G(order and nelem are ignored and the v)167.23 -693.6 Q(alues speci\214ed when the tree w)-.25 E(as created are used.)-.1 E -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 5 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_HASH\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_HASH\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(DB OPERA) -72 84 Q(TIONS)-.855 E F0(The functions returned by)108 96 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_open)2.5 E F0 -(for the hash access method are as described in)2.5 E F2(db_open)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).24 E F1(ERR)72 112.8 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 124.8 Q F2(hash)2.609 E -F0 .109(access method functions may f)2.609 F .109(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno) -2.609 E F0 .109(for an)2.609 F 2.609(yo)-.15 G 2.609(ft)375.678 124.8 S .109 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library func-)384.397 124.8 R(tion)108 136.8 Q -F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).24 E F1(SEE ALSO)72 153.6 Q F2(db_btr)108 165.6 Q -(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E F2(db_lo)2.5 -E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\),).22 E F2(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F2(db_open)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).24 E F2(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_txn)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\)).24 E F2(Dynamic Hash T)108 189.6 Q(ables)-.92 E F0 2.5(,P).27 G(er) -206.79 189.6 Q(-Ak)-.2 E 2.5(eL)-.1 G(arson, Communications of the A)242.86 -189.6 Q(CM, April 1988.)-.4 E F2 2.5(AN)108 213.6 S .3 -.15(ew H)123.28 213.6 T -(ash P).15 E(ac)-.8 E(ka)-.2 E .2 -.1(ge f)-.1 H(or UNIX).1 E F0 2.5(,M).94 G -(ar)248.41 213.6 Q(go Seltzer)-.18 E 2.5(,U)-.4 G(SENIX Proceedings, W)308.09 -213.6 Q(inter 1991.)-.4 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib) -132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 6 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_LOCK\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_LOCK\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 -84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_lock \255 general purpose lock manager)108 96 Q F1 -(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <db_lock.h>)108 124.8 Q -(int)108 148.8 Q(lock_cr)108 160.8 Q(eate\(const char *path, mode_t mode,)-.18 -E(int lock_modes, const int8_t con\215icts[][], u_int maxlocks\);)158 172.8 Q -(LOCK_T)108 196.8 Q(ABLE_T *)-.9 E(lock_open\(const char *path\);)108 208.8 Q -(int)108 232.8 Q(lock_v)108 244.8 Q(ec\(LOCK_T)-.1 E(ABLE_T *lt, DBT *lock)-.9 -E(er)-.1 E 2.5(,s)-.92 G(truct timespec *timeout,)308.21 244.8 Q -(LOCK_REQ_T list[], int nlist, LOCK_REQ_T **elistp, DBT *con\215ict\);)158 -256.8 Q(int)108 280.8 Q(lock_get\(LOCK_T)108 292.8 Q -(ABLE_T *lt, const DBT *lock)-.9 E(er)-.1 E(,)-.92 E -(const DBT *obj, const lock_mode_t lock_mode, LOCK_T **lockp\);)158 304.8 Q -(int)108 328.8 Q(lock_put\(LOCK_T *lockp\);)108 340.8 Q(int)108 364.8 Q -(lock_close\(LOCK_T)108 376.8 Q(ABLE_T *lt\);)-.9 E(int)108 400.8 Q -(lock_unlink\(const char *path, int f)108 412.8 Q(or)-.25 E(ce\);)-.18 E F1 -(DESCRIPTION)72 429.6 Q F0 .485(The DB library is a f)108 441.6 R .485 -(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .486 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .486(ace to trans-)-.1 F .823 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 453.6 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 465.6 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 465.6 S .258(ell as v)237.082 465.6 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 465.6 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 465.6 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 465.6 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 477.6 R .306(tional groups are e)108 489.6 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 489.6 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 501.6 R/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F3(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .307(and then the indi)108 513.6 R .307 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F3(db_btr)2.808 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F3(db_hash)2.808 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F3(db_lo)2.808 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.308(\(3\) and).22 F F3(db_r)2.808 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -525.6 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -525.6 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 525.6 Q F3(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 537.6 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 537.6 Q F3(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E -(This manual page describes speci\214c details of the locking interf)108 554.4 -Q(ace.)-.1 E F3(Db_loc)108 571.2 Q(k)-.2 E F0 .346(is the library interf)2.846 -F .346(ace intended to pro)-.1 F .346(vide general-purpose locking.)-.15 F .347 -(While designed to w)5.347 F .347(ork with)-.1 F .946(the other DB functions, \ -these functions are also useful for more general locking purposes.)108 583.2 R -.946(Locks can be)5.946 F(shared between processes.)108 595.2 Q .682 -(The function)108 612 R F3(loc)3.182 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .683 -(creates and initializes the lock table identi\214ed by the)3.182 F F3(path) -3.183 E F0(directory)3.183 E 5.683(.T)-.65 G .683(his direc-)501.827 612 R .565 -(tory must already e)108 624 R .565(xist when)-.15 F F3(loc)3.065 E(k_cr)-.2 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 .565(is called.)3.065 F .565(If the lock table identi\214ed by) -5.565 F F3(path)3.064 E F0 .564(already e)3.064 F .564(xists, then)-.15 F F3 -(loc)108 636 Q(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .974 -(returns success without further action.)3.474 F .974 -(The \214les associated with the lock table are created in)5.974 F 2.017 -(the directory speci\214ed by)108 648 R F3(path)4.517 E F0 7.017(.\().28 G -2.017(The group of the created \214les is based on the system and directory) -250.846 648 R(def)108 660 Q .076(aults, and is not further speci\214ed by)-.1 F -F3(loc)2.576 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 2.576(.\) All).18 F .076 -(\214les created by)2.576 F F3(loc)2.576 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .077 -(are created with mode)2.577 F F3(mode)108 672 Q F0(\(as described in)2.5 E F3 --.15(ch)2.5 G(mod).15 E F0(\(2\)\) and modi\214ed by the process' umask v).77 E -(alue \(see)-.25 E F3(umask)2.5 E F0(\(2\)\).).67 E .739(The parameter)108 -688.8 R F3(loc)3.239 E(k_modes)-.2 E F0 .739(is the number of lock modes to be\ - recognized by the lock table \(including the)3.239 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 -E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1) -535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 7 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_LOCK\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_LOCK\(3\))340.17 48 R -.74(``)108 84 S(not-granted') -.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G 2.5(ode\). The)176.22 84 R(parameter)2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(con\215icts)2.5 E F0(is an)2.5 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_modes)-.2 E -F0(by)2.5 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_modes)-.2 E F0(array)2.5 E 5(.A)-.65 G(non-0 v) -467.59 84 Q(alue for:)-.25 E(con\215icts[requested_mode][held_mode])158 108 Q -.174(indicates that)108 132 R F1 -.37(re)2.674 G(quested_mode).37 E F0(and) -2.674 E F1(held_mode)2.674 E F0 2.675(con\215ict. The)2.674 F -.74(``)2.675 G -(not-granted').74 E 2.675('m)-.74 G .175(ode must be represented by 0.)419.705 -132 R(The include \214le <db_lock.h> declares tw)108 148.8 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G -(ommonly used con\215ict arrays:)283.87 148.8 Q(int lock_sx_n;)108 165.6 Q -(const int8_t lock_sx_c[lock_sx_n][lock_sx_n];)108 177.6 Q(These v)133 189.6 Q -(ariables specify a con\215ict array for a simple scheme using shared and e) --.25 E(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ock modes.).15 E(int lock_g_n;)108 -206.4 Q(const int8_t lock_g_c[lock_g_n][lock_g_n];)108 218.4 Q 1.071(These v) -133 230.4 R 1.071(ariables specify a con\215ict array that in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 -G(lv).2 E 1.071(es v)-.15 F 1.07 -(arious intent lock modes \(e.g. intent shared\))-.25 F -(that are used for multigranularity locking.)133 242.4 Q 1.53 -(In addition, <db_lock.h> de\214nes the follo)108 259.2 R 1.531 -(wing macros that name lock modes for use with the standard)-.25 F(tables abo) -108 271.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(:).15 E(LOCK_IS)144 288 Q(intent shared)169 300 Q -(LOCK_IX)144 312 Q(intent e)169 324 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(LOCK_NG)144 -336 Q(not granted \(al)169 348 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys 0\)).1 E(LOCK_S)144 360 Q -(shared)169 372 Q(LOCK_SIX)144 384 Q(shared/intent e)169 396 Q(xclusi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(LOCK_X)144 408 Q -.15(ex)169 420 S(clusi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 -(Maxloc)108 436.8 Q(ks)-.2 E F0 .442(is the maximum number of locks to be held\ - or requested in the table, and is used by)2.942 F F1(loc)2.941 E(k_cr)-.2 E -(eate)-.37 E F0(to estimate ho)108 448.8 Q 2.5(wm)-.25 G -(uch space to allocate for v)181.36 448.8 Q(arious lock-table data structures.) --.25 E(The function)108 465.6 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 -(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G -(nd 0 on success.)356.07 465.6 Q .202(The function)108 482.4 R F1(loc)2.703 E -(k_open)-.2 E F0 .203(returns a pointer to the lock table identi\214ed by)2.703 -F F1(path)2.703 E F0 2.703(,w).28 G .203(hich must ha)425.678 482.4 R .503 -.15 -(ve a)-.2 H .203(lready been).15 F 1.162(created by a call to)108 494.4 R F1 -(loc)3.661 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 6.161(.T).18 G 1.161(he process must ha) -252.869 494.4 R 1.461 -.15(ve p)-.2 H 1.161 -(ermission to read and write \214les with o).15 F(wners,)-.25 E .06 -(groups and permissions as described for)108 506.4 R F1(loc)2.56 E(k_cr)-.2 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)331.04 506.4 Q F1(loc)2.56 E(k_open)-.2 E F0 -.06(function returns NULL on f)2.56 F .06(ailure, set-)-.1 F(ting)108 518.4 Q -F1(errno)2.5 E F0(.).18 E .986(The function)108 535.2 R F1(loc)3.486 E(k_vec) --.2 E F0 .986 -(atomically obtains and releases one or more locks from the designated table.) -3.486 F(The)5.986 E(function)108 547.2 Q F1(loc)4.52 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 2.02(is \ -intended to support acquisition or trading of multiple locks under one lock ta\ -ble)4.52 F(semaphore, as is needed for lock coupling or in multigranularity lo\ -cking for lock escalation.)108 559.2 Q .746(If an)108 576 R 3.246(yo)-.15 G -3.246(ft)140.442 576 S .746(he requested locks cannot be acquired or an)149.798 -576 R 3.246(yo)-.15 G 3.246(ft)342.786 576 S .746 -(he locks to be released cannot be released, no)352.142 576 R .117 -(locks are acquired and no locks are released, and)108 588 R F1(loc)2.617 E -(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .117(returns an error)2.617 F 5.117(.T)-.55 G .117(he function) -419.211 588 R F1(loc)2.617 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .118(returns 0)2.617 F 1.143 -(on success.)108 600 R 1.143(If an error occurs,)6.143 F F1(loc)3.642 E(k_vec) --.2 E F0 1.142(returns one of the follo)3.642 F 1.142(wing v)-.25 F 3.642 -(alues. In)-.25 F 1.142(addition, if)3.642 F F1(elistp)3.642 E F0 1.142(is not) -3.642 F(NULL, it is set to point to the LOCK_REQ_T entry which w)108 612 Q -(as being processed when the error occurred.)-.1 E(LOCK_GET_DEADLOCK)108 628.8 -Q .431(The speci\214ed)133 640.8 R F1(loc)2.931 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r).1 E F0 -.1 -(wa)2.931 G 2.931(ss).1 G .431(elected as a victim in order to resolv)239.854 -640.8 R 2.932(ead)-.15 G 2.932(eadlock. In)407.718 640.8 R .432 -(this case, if the)2.932 F F1(con-)2.932 E(\215ict)133 652.8 Q F0(ar)2.901 E -.401(gument is non-NULL, it is set to reference the identity of a lock)-.18 F -.4(er holding the lock referenced)-.1 F(by)133 664.8 Q F1(elistp)2.585 E F0 -.085(at the time the request w)2.585 F .085(as denied.)-.1 F .086 -(\(This identity resides in static memory and may be o)5.086 F -.15(ve)-.15 G --.2(r-).15 G(written by subsequent calls to)133 676.8 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec)-.2 -E F0(\).).31 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q -99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 8 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_LOCK\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_LOCK\(3\))340.17 48 R(LOCK_GET_ERR)108 84 Q(OR)-.4 E -(An error occurred and the e)133 96 Q(xternal v)-.15 E(ariable)-.25 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(errno)2.5 E F0(has been set to indicate the error)2.5 E(.) --.55 E(LOCK_GET_NO)108 112.8 Q(THELD)-.4 E -(The lock cannot be released, as it w)133 124.8 Q(as not held by the)-.1 E F1 -(loc)2.5 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r).1 E F0(.).73 E(LOCK_GET_RESOURCE)108 141.6 Q 2.311(\ -The lock manager is unable to grant the requested locks because of limited int\ -ernal resources.)133 153.6 R(\(Releasing locks may allo)133 165.6 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 -G(uture calls to)249.4 165.6 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0(to succeed.\))2.5 E -(LOCK_GET_TIMEOUT)108 182.4 Q 3.204(At)133 194.4 S .704(imeout ar)146.204 194.4 -R .704(gument w)-.18 F .705(as speci\214ed, and the requested locks were not a) --.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .705(ilable soon enough.).25 F .705(In this)5.705 F .625 -(case, if the)133 206.4 R F1(con\215ict)3.125 E F0(ar)3.125 E .624 -(gument is non-NULL, it is set to reference the identity of a lock)-.18 F .624 -(er holding the)-.1 F .551(lock referenced by)133 218.4 R F1(elistp)3.052 E F0 -.552(at the time the request w)3.052 F .552(as denied.)-.1 F .552 -(\(This identity resides in static memory)5.552 F(and may be o)133 230.4 Q -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(rwritten by subsequent calls to).15 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 -(\).).31 E(The)108 247.2 Q F1(loc)3.005 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r).1 E F0(ar)3.005 E -.504(gument speci\214ed to)-.18 F F1(loc)3.004 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .504 -(is a pointer to an untyped byte string which identi\214es the entity)3.004 F -(requesting or releasing the lock.)108 259.2 Q(If)5 E F1(loc)2.5 E -.1(ke)-.2 G -(r).1 E F0(is NULL, the calling process' pid is used instead.)2.5 E(The)108 276 -Q F1(timeout)4.628 E F0(ar)4.628 E 2.128(gument pro)-.18 F 2.128(vided to)-.15 -F F1(loc)4.628 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 2.128(speci\214es a maximum interv)4.628 F -2.128(al to w)-.25 F 2.128(ait for the locks to be)-.1 F 2.642(granted. If)108 -288 R F1(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is NULL, it is ignored, and)2.642 F F1(loc) -2.642 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .141 -(will not return until all of the locks are acquired or)2.642 F -(an error has occurred.)108 300 Q(The)108 316.8 Q F1(list)4.263 E F0 1.764 -(array pro)4.263 F 1.764(vided to)-.15 F F1(loc)4.264 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 1.764 -(is typedef)4.264 F 2.764 -.5('d i).55 H 4.264(n<).5 G 1.764 -(db_lock.h> as LOCK_REQ_T)331.114 316.8 R 6.764(.A)-.74 G(LOCK_REQ_T)476.67 -316.8 Q(structure has at least the follo)108 328.8 Q -(wing \214elds, which must be initialized before calling)-.25 E F1(loc)2.5 E -(k_vec)-.2 E F0(:).31 E(enum lock)108 345.6 Q(op op;)-.1 E -(The operation to be performed, which must be set to one of the follo)133 357.6 -Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(LOCK_GET)133 374.4 Q .201 -(Get a lock, as de\214ned by the v)158 386.4 R .201(alues of)-.25 F F1(loc) -2.701 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r).1 E F0(,).73 E F1(obj)2.701 E F0(and)2.7 E F1(loc)2.7 E -(k_mode)-.2 E F0 5.2(.U).18 G .2(pon return from)435.99 386.4 R F1(loc)2.7 E -(k_vec)-.2 E F0(,).31 E .161(if the)158 398.4 R F1(loc)2.661 E(kp)-.2 E F0 .162 -(\214eld is non-NULL, a reference to the acquired lock is stored there.)2.662 F -.162(\(This reference)5.162 F(is in)158 410.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lidated by an).25 -E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(all to)247.19 410.4 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -(loc)2.5 E(k_put)-.2 E F0(which releases the lock.\))2.5 E(LOCK_PUT)133 427.2 Q -(The lock referenced by the contents of the)158 439.2 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(kp)-.2 E -F0(\214eld is released.)2.5 E(LOCK_PUT_ALL)133 456 Q .759 -(All locks held by the)158 468 R F1(loc)3.259 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r).1 E F0 .759 -(are released.)3.259 F(\(An)5.759 E 3.259(yl)-.15 G .759 -(ocks acquired as a part of the current call to)358.501 468 R F1(loc)158 480 Q -(k_vec)-.2 E F0(are not considered for this operation\).)2.5 E(LOCK_PUT_OBJ)133 -496.8 Q 1.409(All locks held by the)158 508.8 R F1(loc)3.909 E -.1(ke)-.2 G(r) -.1 E F0 3.909(,o).73 G 3.909(nt)287.704 508.8 S 1.409(he object)299.393 508.8 R -F1(obj)3.909 E F0 3.909(,w).48 G 1.41(ith the mode speci\214ed by)367.98 508.8 -R F1(loc)3.91 E(k_mode)-.2 E F0 3.91(,a).18 G(re)532.23 508.8 Q 2.802 -(released. A)158 520.8 R F1(loc)2.802 E(k_mode)-.2 E F0 .301 -(of LOCK_NG indicates that all locks on the object should be released.)2.802 F -(\(An)158 532.8 Q 3.053(yl)-.15 G .553 -(ocks acquired as a part of the current call to)184.233 532.8 R F1(loc)3.054 E -(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .554(are not considered for this opera-)3.054 F(tion\).)158 -544.8 Q(const DBT obj;)108 561.6 Q -(An untyped byte string which speci\214es the object to be lock)133 573.6 Q -(ed or released.)-.1 E(const lock_mode_t lock_mode;)108 590.4 Q -(The lock mode, used as an inde)133 602.4 Q 2.5(xi)-.15 G(nto)268.94 602.4 Q F1 -(lt)2.5 E F0 1.1 -.55('s c).68 H(on\215ict array).55 E(.)-.65 E -(LOCK_T **lockp;)108 619.2 Q 2.5(Ap)133 631.2 S -(ointer to a pointer to a lock reference.)147.72 631.2 Q(The)108 648 Q F1 -(nlist)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(gument speci\214es the number of elements in the)-.18 -E F1(list)2.5 E F0(array)2.5 E(.)-.65 E 1.229(The function)108 664.8 R F1(loc) -3.729 E(k_g)-.2 E(et)-.1 E F0 1.228(is a simple interf)3.728 F 1.228 -(ace to the)-.1 F F1(loc)3.728 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0(functionality)3.728 E 3.728(,a) --.65 G 1.228(nd is equi)416.31 664.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.228 -(lent to calling the).25 F F1(loc)108 676.8 Q(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .123 -(function with the)2.623 F F1(lt)2.623 E F0(and)2.623 E F1(loc)2.623 E -.1(ke) --.2 G(r).1 E F0(ar)2.623 E .123(guments, NULL)-.18 F F1(timeout)2.623 E F0(,) -.68 E F1(elistp)2.623 E F0(and)2.623 E F1(con\215ict)2.623 E F0(ar)2.623 E .124 -(guments, and a sin-)-.18 F .944(gle element)108 688.8 R F1(list)3.444 E F0 -(array)3.444 E 3.444(,f)-.65 G .944(or which the)203.606 688.8 R F1(op)3.444 E -F0 .944(\214eld is LOCK_GET)3.444 F 3.444(,a)-.74 G .944(nd the)365.014 688.8 R -F1(obj)3.444 E F0(,).48 E F1(loc)3.444 E(k_mode)-.2 E F0(and)3.444 E F1(loc) -3.444 E(kp)-.2 E F0 .943(\214elds are)3.443 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5 -(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(3)535 -732 Q EP -%%Page: 4 9 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 117.9(DB_LOCK\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 117.9(anual DB_LOCK\(3\))340.17 48 R .509(represented by the ar)108 -84 R .509(guments of the same name.)-.18 F .51(Note that the type of the)5.509 -F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(obj)3.01 E F0(ar)3.01 E .51(gument to)-.18 F F1(loc) -3.01 E(k_g)-.2 E(et)-.1 E F0 .51(is dif-)3.01 F .765(ferent from the)108 96 R -F1(obj)3.265 E F0 .765(element found in the LOCK_REQ_T structure.)3.265 F(The) -5.765 E F1(loc)3.265 E(k_g)-.2 E(et)-.1 E F0 .765(function returns success) -3.265 F(and f)108 108 Q(ailure as described for the)-.1 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec) --.2 E F0(function.)2.5 E 1.186(The function)108 124.8 R F1(loc)3.686 E(k_put) --.2 E F0 1.187(is a simple interf)3.687 F 1.187(ace to the)-.1 F F1(loc)3.687 E -(k_vec)-.2 E F0(functionality)3.687 E 3.687(,a)-.65 G 1.187(nd is equi)416.515 -124.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.187(lent to calling the).25 F F1(loc)108 136.8 Q -(k_vec)-.2 E F0 .374(function with a single element)2.874 F F1(list)2.874 E F0 -(array)2.873 E 2.873(,f)-.65 G .373(or which the)314.82 136.8 R F1(op)2.873 E -F0 .373(\214eld is LOCK_PUT and the)2.873 F F1(loc)2.873 E(kp)-.2 E F0(\214eld) -2.873 E .631(is represented by the ar)108 148.8 R .631 -(gument of the same name.)-.18 F .632(Note that the type of the)5.632 F F1(loc) -3.132 E(kp)-.2 E F0(ar)3.132 E .632(gument to)-.18 F F1(loc)3.132 E(k_put)-.2 E -F0(is)3.132 E(dif)108 160.8 Q .275(ferent from the)-.25 F F1(loc)2.775 E(kp)-.2 -E F0 .274(element found in the LOCK_REQ_T structure.)2.775 F(The)5.274 E F1 -(loc)2.774 E(k_put)-.2 E F0 .274(function returns suc-)2.774 F(cess and f)108 -172.8 Q(ailure as described for the)-.1 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_vec)-.2 E F0 -(function.)2.5 E .013(The function)108 189.6 R F1(loc)2.513 E(k_close)-.2 E F0 -.013(disassociates the calling process from the lock table)2.513 F F1(lt)2.513 -E F0 2.513(,a).68 G .013(fter releasing all locks held)431.636 189.6 R .228 -(or requested by that process.)108 201.6 R .228(The function)5.228 F F1(loc) -2.728 E(k_close)-.2 E F0 .228(returns -1 on f)2.728 F .227(ailure, setting)-.1 -F F1(errno)2.727 E F0 2.727(,a).18 G .227(nd 0 on success.)474.329 201.6 R .433 -(The function)108 218.4 R F1(loc)2.933 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0(destro)2.933 E .433 -(ys the lock table identi\214ed by the directory)-.1 F F1(path)2.933 E F0 2.933 -(,r).28 G(emo)440.636 218.4 Q .433(ving all \214les used to)-.15 F 1.005 -(implement the lock table.)108 230.4 R 1.005(\(The directory)6.005 F F1(path) -3.505 E F0 1.005(is not remo)3.505 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.505(d.\) If).15 F 1.005 -(there are processes which ha)3.505 F 1.305 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(alled).15 E F1(loc) -108 242.4 Q(k_open)-.2 E F0 .869(without calling)3.369 F F1(loc)3.369 E -(k_close)-.2 E F0 .869 -(\(i.e., there are processes currently using the lock table\),)3.369 F F1(loc) -3.37 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0 .409(will f)108 254.4 R .408 -(ail without further action, unless the force \215ag is set, in which case)-.1 -F F1(loc)2.908 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0 .408(will attempt to delete)2.908 F .807 -(the lock table \214les re)108 266.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .808(rdless of an).05 F -3.308(yp)-.15 G .808(rocesses still using the lock table.)264.662 266.4 R(An) -5.808 E 3.308(ya)-.15 G .808(ccesses to a remo)433.208 266.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.308(dl).15 G(ock)525.56 266.4 Q .046(table will lik)108 278.4 R .046 -(ely result in une)-.1 F .045(xpected beha)-.15 F(vior)-.2 E 5.045(.T)-.55 G -.045(he function)304.24 278.4 R F1(loc)2.545 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0 .045 -(returns -1 on f)2.545 F .045(ailure, setting)-.1 F F1(errno)2.545 E F0(,).18 E -(and 0 on success.)108 290.4 Q .798(In the case of catastrophic or system f)108 -307.2 R .798(ailure, it is possible to clean up a lock table by remo)-.1 F .799 -(ving all of the)-.15 F .38(\214les in the directory speci\214ed to the)108 -319.2 R F1(loc)2.88 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .379 -(function, as lock table \214les are ne)2.88 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.879(rc).15 G -.379(reated in an)461.543 319.2 R 2.879(yd)-.15 G(irec-)521.68 319.2 Q -(tory other than the one speci\214ed to)108 331.2 Q F1(loc)2.5 E(k_cr)-.2 E -(eate)-.37 E F0(.).18 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)72 348 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 -360 Q F1(loc)4.158 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0 1.658(function may f)4.158 F -1.658(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.158 E F0 1.658(for an)4.158 F 4.158(yo)-.15 -G 4.158(ft)353.71 360 S 1.659(he errors speci\214ed for the library routines) -363.978 360 R F1(mmap)108 372 Q F0(\(2\),).19 E F1(open)2.5 E F0(\(2\) and).24 -E F1(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 388.8 Q F1(loc)4.692 E(k_open)-.2 E -F0 2.192(function may f)4.692 F 2.192(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.692 E F0 -2.192(for an)4.692 F 4.692(yo)-.15 G 4.692(ft)353.87 388.8 S 2.191 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine)364.672 388.8 R F1(mmap)108 -400.8 Q F0(\(2\) and).19 E F1(open)2.5 E F0(\(2\).).24 E(The)108 417.6 Q F1 -(loc)2.57 E(k_close)-.2 E F0 .07(function may f)2.57 F .07(ail and set)-.1 F F1 -(errno)2.57 E F0 .07(for an)2.57 F 2.57(yo)-.15 G 2.57(ft)333.76 417.6 S .07 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library routine)342.44 417.6 R F1(close)2.57 E -F0(\(2\)).18 E(and)108 429.6 Q F1(munmap)2.5 E F0(\(2\).).19 E(The)108 446.4 Q -F1(loc)4.071 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0 1.571(function may f)4.071 F 1.571 -(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.071 E F0 1.571(for an)4.071 F 4.071(yo)-.15 G -4.07(ft)353.22 446.4 S 1.57(he errors speci\214ed for the library function) -363.4 446.4 R F1(unlink)108 458.4 Q F0(\(2\) or the follo).67 E(wing:)-.25 E -([EB)108 475.2 Q(USY])-.1 E(The lock table w)133 487.2 Q -(as in use and the force \215ag w)-.1 E(as not set.)-.1 E F2(SEE ALSO)72 504 Q -F1(db_btr)108 516 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E -F1(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\),).22 E F1(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1 -(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).24 E F1(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1 -(db_txn)2.5 E F0(\(3\)).24 E F2 -.09(BU)72 532.8 S(GS).09 E F0(The)108 544.8 Q -F1(maxloc)2.656 E(ks)-.2 E F0 .156 -(parameter is a kluge, and should be deleted in f)2.656 F -.2(avo)-.1 G 2.657 -(ro).2 G 2.657(fd)381.055 544.8 S .157(ynamically e)392.042 544.8 R .157 -(xpanding the lock table.)-.15 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G -(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(4)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 10 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_LOG\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_LOG\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 -84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_log \255 log-manager access method)108 96 Q F1(DESCRIPTION) -72 112.8 Q F0 .486(The DB library is a f)108 124.8 R .485 -(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .485 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .485(ace to trans-)-.1 F .822 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 136.8 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 148.8 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 148.8 S .258(ell as v)237.082 148.8 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 148.8 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 148.8 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 148.8 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 160.8 R .306(tional groups are e)108 172.8 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 172.8 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 184.8 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F2(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .308(and then the indi)108 196.8 R .308 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F2(db_btr)2.807 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_hash)2.807 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(db_lo)2.807 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.307(\(3\) and).22 F F2(db_r)2.807 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -208.8 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -208.8 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 208.8 Q F2(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 220.8 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 220.8 Q F2(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E -(This manual page describes speci\214c details of the logging access method.) -108 237.6 Q .03(These functions pro)108 254.4 R .03 -(vide a general-purpose logging f)-.15 F .03(acility suf)-.1 F .03 -(\214cient for transaction management.)-.25 F .03(Logs can)5.03 F -(be shared by multiple processes.)108 266.4 Q 3.717(Al)108 283.2 S 1.217 -(og is represented by the directory)121.717 283.2 R(,)-.65 E F2 1.217 -(not the \214le)3.717 F F0 3.717(,n).18 G 1.217(amed by the \214rst ar)323 -283.2 R 1.218(gument to)-.18 F F2(db_open)3.718 E F0 3.718(\(3\). The).24 F -(\214rst)3.718 E(ar)108 295.2 Q .26 -(gument must be non-NULL, and the directory must already e)-.18 F(xist)-.15 E -F2(db_open)2.76 E F0 .26(is called.)2.76 F .26(In that directory)5.26 F 2.76 -(,t)-.65 G(he)530.56 295.2 Q 3.448 -(log is stored in one or more \214les named in the format `)108 307.2 R -(`log.YYYY)-.74 E(.MM.DD.HH.MM.SS')-1.29 E 3.448(', where)-.74 F -.74(``)108 -319.2 S(YYYY).74 E(.MM.DD.HH.SS')-1.29 E 2.507('i)-.74 G 2.507(st)220.497 319.2 -S .007(he approximate creation time of the log \214le, and is guaranteed to be\ - unique in)229.674 319.2 R(the directory)108 331.2 Q(.)-.65 E .465 -(The group of the created \214les is based on the system and directory def)108 -348 R .466(aults, and is not further speci\214ed by)-.1 F .073 -(the log access method.)108 360 R .072(All \214les are created with the)5.073 F -F2(mode)2.572 E F0 .072(speci\214ed to)2.572 F F2(db_open)2.572 E F0 2.572(,\() -.24 G .072(as described in)435.584 360 R F2 -.15(ch)2.572 G(mod).15 E F0 -(\(2\)\)).77 E(and modi\214ed by the process' umask v)108 372 Q(alue \(see)-.25 -E F2(umask)2.5 E F0(\(2\)\).).67 E(The)108 388.8 Q F2<8d61>2.5 E(gs)-.1 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(gument to)-.18 E F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(must be 0 for the)2.5 E F2 -(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(access method.)2.5 E F1 -.495(AC)72 405.6 S -(CESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMA).495 E(TION)-.855 E F0 .571 -(The log access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 417.6 R .571(vided to) --.15 F F2(db_open)3.071 E F0 .572(is typedef)3.071 F 1.572 -.5('d a).55 H .572 -(nd named LOGINFO.).5 F(A)5.572 E(LOGINFO structure has at least the follo)108 -429.6 Q(wing \214elds, which may be initialized before calling)-.25 E F2 -(db_open)2.5 E F0(:).24 E(of)108 446.4 Q(f_t max_\214le_size;)-.25 E 1.585 -(The maximum size of a single \214le in the log.)133 458.4 R 1.584 -(If not speci\214ed, the maximum size def)6.584 F 1.584(aults to an)-.1 F -(implementation-speci\214c v)133 470.4 Q(alue.)-.25 E(int lorder;)108 487.2 Q -.65(The byte order for inte)133 499.2 R .65 -(gers in the stored database metadata.)-.15 F .65 -(The number should represent the order)5.65 F .749(as an inte)133 511.2 R .749 -(ger; for e)-.15 F .749(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .749 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.749 E F2(lor)3.249 E(der)-.37 E F0 .749 -(is 0 \(no order is)3.249 F(speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.)133 -523.2 Q 1.284(If the log already e)108 540 R 1.284(xists, the v)-.15 F 1.285(a\ -lues speci\214ed for the parameters max_\214le_size and lorder are ignored in) --.25 F -.1(fa)108 552 S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(ro).2 G 2.5(ft)136.1 552 S(he v)144.71 -552 Q(alues used when the log w)-.25 E(as created.)-.1 E F1(DB OPERA)72 568.8 Q -(TIONS)-.855 E F0 .687(The data part of the k)108 580.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .686(/\ -data pair used by the log access method is the same as for other access method\ -s.).15 F .837(The k)108 592.8 R 1.137 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.337(sd).15 G(if)159.421 -592.8 Q 3.337(ferent. Each)-.25 F .837(log record is identi\214ed by a log seq\ -uence number \(LSN\), which is stored in a)3.337 F(DBT)108 604.8 Q 2.702(,a) --.74 G .202(nd which is used as the)136.902 604.8 R F2 -.1(ke)2.702 G(y)-.2 E -F0 .202(for all log functions that tak)2.702 F(e)-.1 E F2 -.1(ke)2.701 G(y)-.2 -E F0(ar)2.701 E 2.701(guments. Applications)-.18 F .201(cannot create)2.701 F -(LSN')108 616.8 Q .539(s, and all LSN')-.55 F 3.039(sp)-.55 G(ro)203.216 616.8 -Q .539(vided to functions as ar)-.15 F .539(guments must \214rst be retrie)-.18 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.04(du).15 G .54(sing the)440.37 616.8 R F2(put)3.04 E F0(or) -3.04 E F2(seq)3.04 E F0(func-)3.04 E 2.783(tions. T)108 628.8 R 2.783(op)-.8 G -(ro)153.326 628.8 Q .283(vide a distinguished v)-.15 F .282 -(alue for applications, it is guaranteed that no v)-.25 F .282(alid LSN will e) --.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.782(rh).15 G -2.25 -.2(av e)519.248 628.8 T(a)2.982 E -(size of 0.)108 640.8 Q(Applications can compare LSN')108 657.6 Q 2.5(su)-.55 G -(sing the)247.98 657.6 Q F2(lo)2.5 E(g_lsn_compar)-.1 E(e)-.37 E F0 -(function \(see belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E .429(Applications can associate LSN')108 -674.4 R 2.929(sw)-.55 G .429(ith speci\214c log \214les.)253.586 674.4 R .429 -(The function)5.429 F F2(lo)2.929 E(g_lsn_\214le)-.1 E F0 .43(\(see belo)2.93 F -.43(w\), returns the)-.25 F .214 -(name of the log \214le containing the record with a speci\214ed LSN.)108 686.4 -R .214(\(The mapping of LSN to \214le is needed for)5.214 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q -(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(3, 1995) -2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_LOG\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_LOG\(3\))340.17 48 R .397(database administration.) -108 84 R -.15(Fo)5.397 G 2.897(re).15 G .398 -(xample, a transaction manager typically records the earliest LSN needed for) -231.931 84 R .519(restart, and the database administrator may w)108 96 R .519 -(ant to archi)-.1 F .819 -.15(ve l)-.25 H .519(og \214les to tape when the).15 -F 3.018(yc)-.15 G .518(ontain only LSN')465.624 96 R(s)-.55 E -(before the earliest one needed for restart.\))108 108 Q -(Applications can truncate the log \214le up to a speci\214c LSN using the)108 -124.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(lo)2.5 E(g_trunc)-.1 E F0(function \(see belo) -2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E .221(The functions returned by)108 141.6 R F1(db_open)2.721 E -F0 .221(for the log access method are as described in)2.721 F F1(db_open)2.721 -E F0 2.722(,w).24 G .222(ith the follo)482.586 141.6 R(w-)-.25 E(ing e)108 -153.6 Q(xceptions and additions:)-.15 E 5.28(type The)108 170.4 R -(type is DB_LOG.)2.5 E 10.28(del The)108 187.2 R F1(del)3.505 E F0 1.005 -(function al)3.505 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.005 -(ys returns an error for the log-manager access method, setting).1 F F1(errno) -3.504 E F0 1.004(to EIN-)3.504 F -1.35(VA)133 199.2 S(L.)1.35 E -(int \(*log_\215ush\)\(const DB *db, const DBT *lsn\);)108 216 Q(The)133 228 Q -F1(lo)2.866 E(g_\215ush)-.1 E F0 .367 -(function \215ushes the log up to and including the log record)2.866 F F1(lsn) -2.867 E F0 5.367(.T).24 G .367(he function)454.926 228 R F1(lo)2.867 E -(g_\215ush)-.1 E F0(returns -1 on f)133 240 Q(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)278.61 240 Q -(int \(*log_lsn_compare\)\(const DB *,)108 256.8 Q .255 -(const DBT *lsn1, const DBT *lsn2\); A pointer to a function which is pro)183 -268.8 R .255(vided to permit)-.15 F .312(applications to compare LSN')133 280.8 -R 2.812(s. The)-.55 F F1(lo)2.812 E(g_lsn_compar)-.1 E(e)-.37 E F0 .312 -(function returns an inte)2.812 F .313(ger less than, equal to,)-.15 F .058 -(or greater than zero if the \214rst LSN is considered to be respecti)133 292.8 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .058(ly less than, equal to, or greater than).15 F -(the second LSN.)133 304.8 Q(int \(*log_lsn_\214le\)\(const DB *db,)108 321.6 Q -(const DBT *lsn, char *name\);)183 333.6 Q(The)133 345.6 Q F1(lo)3.21 E -(g_lsn_\214le)-.1 E F0 .71 -(function stores a pointer to the name of the \214le containing)3.21 F F1(lsn) -3.211 E F0 .711(in the address refer)3.211 F(-)-.2 E .293(enced by)133 357.6 R -F1(name)2.793 E(.)-.15 E F0 .293(This pointer is to an internal static object,\ - and subsequent calls to the same function)5.293 F -(will modify the same object.)133 369.6 Q(The function)133 386.4 Q F1(lo)2.5 E -(g_lsn_\214le)-.1 E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 -E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)381.56 386.4 Q -(int \(*log_unlink\)\(const char *path, int force\);)108 403.2 Q(The)133 415.2 -Q F1(lo)3.275 E(g_unlink)-.1 E F0 .775(function destro)3.275 F .775 -(ys the log represented by)-.1 F F1(path)3.275 E F0 5.775(.I).28 G 3.275(ft) -394.745 415.2 S(he)404.13 415.2 Q F1(for)3.275 E(ce)-.37 E F0 .776 -(parameter is not set to 1)3.275 F .725 -(and there are other processes using the log, then)133 427.2 R F1(lo)3.224 E -(g_unlink)-.1 E F0 .724(will return -1, setting)3.224 F F1(errno)3.224 E F0 -.724(to EB)3.224 F(USY)-.1 E(.)-1.29 E(If)133 439.2 Q F1(for)2.831 E .331 -(ce is not set or ther)-.37 F 2.831(ea)-.37 G 1.071 -.37(re n)244.287 439.2 T -2.831(op).37 G -.45(ro)272.909 439.2 S .331(cesses using the lo).45 F .532 -.1 -(g, t)-.1 H .332(hen all \214les).1 F F0 .332(used by the log are destro)2.832 -F(yed.)-.1 E F1(lo)133 451.2 Q(g_unlink)-.1 E F0(will return -1 on f)2.5 E -(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)337.96 -451.2 Q(int \(*log_trunc\)\(const DB *db, const DBT *lsn\);)108 468 Q(The)133 -480 Q F1(lo)2.601 E(g_trunc)-.1 E F0 .101 -(function truncates the log up to an LSN which is less than)2.601 F F1(lsn)2.6 -E F0 5.1(.T).24 G .1(he function)453.24 480 R F1(lo)2.6 E(g_trunc)-.1 E F0 -(returns -1 on f)133 492 Q(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G -(nd 0 on success.)278.61 492 Q 9.72(put A)108 508.8 R .339 -(log record containing)2.839 F F1(data)2.839 E F0 .339(is appended to the log.) -2.839 F(Unlik)5.339 E 2.84(et)-.1 G(he)382.44 508.8 Q F1(put)2.84 E F0 .34 -(functions for other access meth-)2.84 F .789(ods, the k)133 520.8 R 1.089 -.15 -(ey p)-.1 H .788(arameter is not initialized by the application, instead, the \ -LSN assigned to the data is).15 F(returned in the)133 532.8 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G -(y)-.2 E F0(parameter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 1.157(The caller is responsible for pro) -133 549.6 R 1.157(viding an)-.15 F 3.657(yn)-.15 G 1.157(ecessary structure to) -318.267 549.6 R F1 1.157(data .)3.657 F F0(\(F)6.157 E 1.157(or e)-.15 F 1.157 -(xample, in a write-)-.15 F .267 -(ahead logging protocol, the application must understand what part of)133 561.6 -R F1(data)2.767 E F0 .266(is an operation code, what)2.766 F .622 -(part is redo information, and what part is undo information.)133 573.6 R .622 -(In addition, most transaction managers)5.622 F .985(will store in)133 585.6 R -F1(data)3.485 E F0 .985(the LSN of the pre)3.485 F .984 -(vious log record for the same transaction, to support chaining)-.25 F -(back through the transaction')133 597.6 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G -(og records during undo.\))258.54 597.6 Q(The parameter)133 614.4 Q F1<8d61>2.5 -E(g)-.1 E F0(must be set to 0 or e)2.5 E(xactly one of the follo)-.15 E(wing v) --.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_CHECKPOINT)133 631.2 Q .5(Specify the k)158 643.2 R -.15 -(ey)-.1 G .5(/data pair of the current call as the one to be returned when the) -.15 F F1(seq)3 E F0 .5(function is)3 F(ne)158 655.2 Q -(xt called with the R_CHECKPOINT \215ag.)-.15 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5 -(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(3, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 -732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 12 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_LOG\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_LOG\(3\))340.17 48 R(R_FLUSH)133 84 Q -(Flush immediately \(ignoring an)158 96 Q 2.5(yp)-.15 G -(ossibility for group commit\).)296.74 96 Q 9.17(seq The)108 112.8 R/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(seq)2.5 E F0(function tak)2.5 E(es the follo)-.1 E -(wing additional \215ag:)-.25 E(R_CHECKPOINT)133 129.6 Q .184(The last k)158 -141.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .184(/data pair stored by the).15 F F1(put)2.684 E F0 -.183(function \(using the R_CHECKPOINT \215ag\) is returned,)2.684 F .216 -(and the cursor is set or initialized to reference it.)158 153.6 R .216(The e) -5.216 F .216(xpected use of this \215ag is during restart)-.15 F .801 -(and to determine what part of the log must be a)158 165.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .801 -(ilable for restart.).25 F .801(Therefore, the log record)5.801 F(retrie)158 -177.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.352(dw).15 G .853 -(ith R_CHECKPOINT should contain all the information that the transaction man-) -203.712 177.6 R(ager will need for this purpose.)158 189.6 Q 4.17(sync The)108 -206.4 R F1(sync)3.135 E F0 .635(function al)3.135 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .635 -(ys returns an error for the log-manager access method, setting).1 F F1(errno) -3.134 E F0 .634(to EIN-)3.134 F -1.35(VA)133 218.4 S(L.)1.35 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 235.2 Q F1(db_btr)108 247.2 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),) -.18 E F1(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F1(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E -F1(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).24 E F1(db_r)2.5 -E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_txn)2.5 E F0(\(3\)).24 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q -(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(3, 1995) -2.5 E(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 13 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 110.12(DB_MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 110.12(anual DB_MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA) -72 84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_mpool \255 general purpose shared memory b)108 96 Q(uf) --.2 E(fer pool)-.25 E F1(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(#include <db)108 124.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E(#include <mpool.h>)108 136.8 Q(int)108 -160.8 Q(mpool_cr)108 172.8 Q -(eate\(char *path, mode_t mode, size_t cachesize, u_long \215ags\);)-.18 E -(MPOOL *)108 196.8 Q(mpool_open\(char *path\);)108 208.8 Q(int)108 232.8 Q -(mpool_close\(MPOOL *mp\);)108 244.8 Q(MPOOLFILE *)108 268.8 Q(mpool_f)108 -280.8 Q(open\(MPOOL *mp, char *path, size_t pagesize, v)-.25 E(oid *pgcookie,) --.1 E(int \(*pgin\)\(MPOOLFILE *mpf)158 292.8 Q(,)-.15 E(pgno_t pgno, v)188 -304.8 Q(oid *pgaddr)-.1 E 2.5(,v)-.92 G(oid *pgcookie\),)311.91 304.8 Q -(int \(*pgout\)\(MPOOLFILE *mpf)158 316.8 Q(,)-.15 E(pgno_t pgno, v)188 328.8 Q -(oid *pgaddr)-.1 E 2.5(,v)-.92 G(oid *pgcookie\);)311.91 328.8 Q(int)108 352.8 -Q(mpool_fclose\(MPOOLFILE *mpf\);)108 364.8 Q -.1(vo)108 388.8 S(id *).1 E -(mpool_get\(MPOOLFILE *mpf)108 400.8 Q 2.5(,p)-.15 G(gno_t *pgnoaddr)252.02 -400.8 Q 2.5(,u)-.92 G(_long \215ags,)334.73 400.8 Q -(int \(*callback\)\(MPOOLFILE *mpf)158 412.8 Q 2.5(,p)-.15 G(gno_t pgno\)\);) -318.97 412.8 Q(int)108 436.8 Q(mpool_put\(MPOOLFILE *mpf)108 448.8 Q 2.5(,v) --.15 G(oid *pgaddr)253.04 448.8 Q 2.5(,u)-.92 G(_long \215ags\);)314.64 448.8 Q -(int)108 472.8 Q(mpool_sync\(MPOOLFILE *mpf\);)108 484.8 Q(int)108 508.8 Q -(mpool_unlink\(const char *path, int f)108 520.8 Q(or)-.25 E(ce\);)-.18 E -.1 -(vo)108 544.8 S(id).1 E(mpool_stat\(MPOOL *mp, FILE *fp\);)108 556.8 Q F1 -(DESCRIPTION)72 573.6 Q F0 .485(The DB library is a f)108 585.6 R .485 -(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .486 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .486(ace to trans-)-.1 F .823 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 597.6 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 609.6 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 609.6 S .258(ell as v)237.082 609.6 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 609.6 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 609.6 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 609.6 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 621.6 R .306(tional groups are e)108 633.6 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 633.6 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 645.6 R/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F3(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .307(and then the indi)108 657.6 R .307 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F3(db_btr)2.808 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F3(db_hash)2.808 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F3(db_lo)2.808 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.308(\(3\) and).22 F F3(db_r)2.808 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -669.6 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -669.6 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 669.6 Q F3(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 681.6 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 681.6 Q F3(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q -99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 14 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 110.12(DB_MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 110.12(anual DB_MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R -(This manual page describes speci\214c details of the memory pool interf)108 84 -Q(ace.)-.1 E(The)108 100.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_mpool)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(function is the library interf)3.682 F 1.183(ace intended to pro)-.1 F 1.183 -(vide general-purpose, page-oriented b)-.15 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E .16 -(management of one or more \214les.)108 112.8 R .16(While designed to w)5.16 F -.16(ork with the other DB functions, these functions are)-.1 F .604 -(also useful for more general purposes.)108 124.8 R .604 -(The memory pools \(MPOOL)5.604 F -.55('s)-.92 G 3.104(\)a).55 G .605 -(re referred to in this document as)404.18 124.8 R .985(simply `)108 136.8 R -(`pools')-.74 E 3.485('. Pools)-.74 F .985(may be shared between processes.) -3.485 F .985(Pools are usually \214lled by pages from one or)5.985 F .673 -(more \214les \(MPOOLFILE')108 148.8 R 3.173(s\). P)-.55 F .674 -(ages in the pool are replaced in LR)-.15 F 3.174(U\()-.4 G .674 -(least-recently-used\) order)392.318 148.8 R 3.174(,w)-.4 G .674(ith each) -507.946 148.8 R(ne)108 160.8 Q 4.243(wp)-.25 G 1.743 -(age replacing the page which has been unused the longest.)133.653 160.8 R -.15 -(Pa)6.742 G 1.742(ges retrie).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.242(df).15 G 1.742 -(rom the pool using)459.494 160.8 R F1(mpool_g)108 172.8 Q(et)-.1 E F0 1.255 -(are `)3.755 F(`pinned')-.74 E 3.755('i)-.74 G 3.755(nm)215.435 172.8 S(emory) -231.97 172.8 Q 3.755(,b)-.65 G 3.755(yd)268.125 172.8 S(ef)281.88 172.8 Q 1.256 -(ault, until the)-.1 F 3.756(ya)-.15 G 1.256(re returned to the pool using the) -358.168 172.8 R F1(mpool_put)3.756 E F0(function.)108 184.8 Q .934 -(The function)108 201.6 R F1(mpool_cr)3.434 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .934 -(creates and initializes the memory pool identi\214ed by the)3.434 F F1(path) -3.433 E F0(directory)3.433 E 5.933(.T)-.65 G(his)528.33 201.6 Q .931 -(directory must already e)108 213.6 R .931(xist when)-.15 F F1(mpool_cr)3.431 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 .931(is called.)3.431 F .932 -(If the memory pool identi\214ed by)5.931 F F1(path)3.432 E F0(already)3.432 E --.15(ex)108 225.6 S .045(ists, then).15 F F1(mpool_cr)2.545 E(eate)-.37 E F0 -.045(returns success without further action.)2.545 F .045 -(The \214les associated with the memory pool)5.045 F .87 -(are created in the directory speci\214ed by)108 237.6 R F1(path)3.37 E F0 5.87 -(.\().28 G .87(The group of the created \214les is based on the system and) -304.08 237.6 R .258(directory def)108 249.6 R .258 -(aults, and is not further speci\214ed by)-.1 F F1(mpool_cr)2.758 E(eate)-.37 E -F0 2.758(.\) All).18 F .258(\214les created by)2.758 F F1(mpool_cr)2.758 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 .258(are cre-)2.758 F .048(ated with mode)108 261.6 R F1(mode) -2.548 E F0 .049(\(as described in)2.548 F F1 -.15(ch)2.549 G(mod).15 E F0 .049 -(\(2\)\) and modi\214ed by the process' umask v).77 F .049(alue \(see)-.25 F F1 -(umask)2.549 E F0(\(2\)\).).67 E(The)108 278.4 Q F1(cac)2.544 E(hesize)-.15 E -F0(ar)2.544 E .044(gument speci\214es the size of the pool in bytes, and shoul\ -d be the size of the normal w)-.18 F(orking)-.1 E .509(set of the application \ -with some small amount of additional memory for unusual situations.)108 290.4 R -.509(If the number)5.509 F .362(of bytes currently `)108 302.4 R(`pinned')-.74 -E 2.862('i)-.74 G 2.862(nm)226.828 302.4 S .362(emory e)242.47 302.4 R(xceeds) --.15 E F1(cac)2.861 E(hesize)-.15 E F0 2.861(,t).18 G(he)351.734 302.4 Q F1 -(db_mpool)2.861 E F0 .361(functions will attempt to allocate)2.861 F -(more memory and do not necessarily f)108 314.4 Q(ail, although the)-.1 E 2.5 -(ym)-.15 G(ay suf)341.61 314.4 Q(fer performance de)-.25 E(gradation.)-.15 E -(The)108 331.2 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(gs)-.1 E F0(ar)2.5 E(gument is set by)-.18 E F1 -(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)272.73 331.2 S(he follo)281.34 -331.2 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(MPOOL_PRIV)108 348 Q -1.11(AT)-1.35 G(E) -1.11 E(The pool is not shared by other processes or threads, so no locking of \ -pool resources is required.)144 360 Q .115(The function)108 376.8 R F1 -(mpool_open)2.615 E F0 .115 -(returns a pointer to the memory pool identi\214ed by)2.615 F F1(path)2.615 E -F0 2.615(,w).28 G .115(hich must ha)447.525 376.8 R .415 -.15(ve a)-.2 H -(lready).15 E .036(been created by a call to)108 388.8 R F1(mpool_cr)2.536 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 5.036(.T).18 G .036(he process must ha)276.074 388.8 R .336 --.15(ve p)-.2 H .036(ermission to read and write \214les with o).15 F(wn-)-.25 -E 1.157(ers, groups and permissions as described for)108 400.8 R F1(mpool_cr) -3.657 E(eate)-.37 E F0 6.157(.T).18 G(he)365.075 400.8 Q F1(mpool_open)3.657 E -F0 1.157(function returns NULL on)3.657 F -.1(fa)108 412.8 S(ilure, setting).1 -E F1(errno)2.5 E F0(.).18 E(The)108 429.6 Q F1(mpool_close)6.383 E F0 3.883 -(function closes the pool indicated by the MPOOL pointer)6.383 F F1(mp)6.383 E -F0 6.383(,a).19 G 6.382(sr)480.026 429.6 S 3.882(eturned by)493.628 429.6 R F1 -(mpool_open)108 441.6 Q F0 5.047(.T).24 G .047(his function does)171.337 441.6 -R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(not)2.547 E F0 .047(imply a call to)2.547 F F1 -(mpool_sync)2.547 E F0 .047(\(or to)2.547 F F1(mpool_fclose)2.547 E F0 2.547 -(\)i).18 G .047(.e. no pages are writ-)455.951 441.6 R .404 -(ten to the source \214le as as a result of calling)108 453.6 R F1(mpool_close) -2.904 E F0 5.404(.T).18 G .404(he function)354.658 453.6 R F1(mpool_close)2.904 -E F0 .403(returns -1 on f)2.904 F(ailure,)-.1 E(setting)108 465.6 Q F1(errno) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)169.01 465.6 Q .827(The function)108 -482.4 R F1(mpool_fopen)3.327 E F0 .827(opens a \214le for b)3.327 F(uf)-.2 E -.828(fering in the pool speci\214ed by the MPOOL ar)-.25 F 3.328(gument. The) --.18 F F1(path)108 494.4 Q F0(ar)2.85 E .349 -(gument is the name of the \214le to be opened.)-.18 F(The)5.349 E F1(pa)2.849 -E -.1(ge)-.1 G(size).1 E F0(ar)2.849 E .349 -(gument is the size, in bytes, of the unit)-.18 F .738(of transfer between the\ - application and the pool, although not necessarily the unit of transfer betwe\ -en the)108 506.4 R .12(pool and the source \214le.)108 518.4 R .12 -(Applications not kno)5.12 F .12 -(wing the page size of the source \214le should retrie)-.25 F .42 -.15(ve t) --.25 H .12(he meta-).15 F .234(data from the \214le using a page size that is \ -correct for the metadata, then close and reopen the \214le, or)108 530.4 R -2.735(,o)-.4 G(ther)521.32 530.4 Q(-)-.2 E -(wise determine the page size before calling)108 542.4 Q F1(mpool_fopen)2.5 E -F0(.).24 E .416(If the)108 559.2 R F1(pgin)2.916 E F0 .416(function is speci\ -\214ed, it is called each time a page is read into the memory pool from the so\ -urce)2.916 F 2.835(\214le. If)108 571.2 R(the)2.835 E F1(pgout)2.835 E F0 .336 -(function is speci\214ed, it is called each time a page is written to the sour\ -ce \214le.)2.835 F .336(Both func-)5.336 F .834 -(tions are called with the MPOOLFILE pointer returned from)108 583.2 R F1 -(mpool_fopen)3.333 E F0 3.333(,t).24 G .833(he page number)421.815 583.2 R -3.333(,ap)-.4 G .833(ointer to)505.557 583.2 R .014 -(the page being read or written, and the ar)108 595.2 R(gument)-.18 E F1 -(pgcookie)2.515 E F0 5.015(.I).18 G 2.515(fe)351.695 595.2 S .015 -(ither function f)361.98 595.2 R .015(ails, it should return non-zero)-.1 F -(and set)108 607.2 Q F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i).18 G 2.5(nw)168.73 607.2 S -(hich case the)183.45 607.2 Q F1(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(function calling it will also f)2.5 E(ail, lea)-.1 E(ving)-.2 E F1(errno)2.5 E -F0(intact.)2.5 E(The)108 624 Q F1(mpool_fclose)2.705 E F0 .204 -(function closes the source \214le indicated by the MPOOLFILE pointer)2.705 F -F1(mpf)2.704 E F0 5.204(.T)1.96 G .204(his function)492.296 624 R(does)108 636 -Q F2(not)3.615 E F0 1.115(imply a call to)3.615 F F1(mpool_sync)3.615 E F0 -3.615(,i).31 G 1.115 -(.e. no pages are written to the source \214le as as a result of calling) -268.885 636 R F1(mpool_fclose)108 648 Q F0 5(.T).18 G(he function)175.12 648 Q -F1(mpool_fclose)2.5 E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)424.33 648 Q .019(The function)108 664.8 -R F1(mpool_g)2.519 E(et)-.1 E F0 .019 -(returns a pointer to the page with the page number speci\214ed by)2.519 F F1 -(pgnoaddr)2.518 E F0 2.518(,f).73 G .018(rom the)509.152 664.8 R .986 -(source \214le speci\214ed by the MPOOLFILE pointer)108 676.8 R F1(mpf)3.486 E -F0 5.986(.I)1.96 G 3.486(ft)342.268 676.8 S .987(he page does not e)351.864 -676.8 R .987(xist or cannot be retrie)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(d,).15 E F1 -(mpool_g)108 688.8 Q(et)-.1 E F0(returns NULL and sets errno.)2.5 E(4.4 Berk)72 -732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F -(1, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 15 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 110.12(DB_MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 110.12(anual DB_MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R(The)108 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF<8d61>2.5 E(gs)-.1 E F0(ar)2.5 E(gument is set by)-.18 E F1 -(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)272.73 84 S(he follo)281.34 84 -Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(MPOOL_CALLB)108 100.8 Q -.4(AC)-.35 G(K).4 E 1.04 -(After the page number has been determined, b)133 112.8 R 1.04(ut before an)-.2 -F 3.54(yo)-.15 G 1.04(ther process or thread can access the)388.26 112.8 R .471 -(page, the function speci\214ed by the)133 124.8 R F1(callbac)2.971 E(k)-.2 E -F0(ar)2.971 E .471(gument is called.)-.18 F .471(If the function f)5.471 F .472 -(ails, it should return)-.1 F 1.11(non-zero and set)133 136.8 R F1(errno)3.61 E -F0 3.61(,i).18 G 3.61(nw)236.21 136.8 S 1.11(hich case)252.04 136.8 R F1 -(mpool_g)3.61 E(et)-.1 E F0 1.11(will also f)3.61 F 1.11(ail, lea)-.1 F(ving) --.2 E F1(errno)3.61 E F0 3.61(intact. The)3.61 F F1(callbac)3.61 E(k)-.2 E F0 -1.012(function is called with the MPOOLFILE pointer returned from)133 148.8 R -F1(mpool_fopen)3.512 E F0 1.013(and the page number)3.513 F(.)-.55 E .228 -(This functionality is commonly used when page locking is required, b)133 160.8 -R .227(ut the page number of the page)-.2 F(being retrie)133 172.8 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(sn)198.14 172.8 S(ot kno)209.53 172.8 Q(wn.)-.25 E -(MPOOL_CREA)108 189.6 Q(TE)-1.11 E(If the speci\214ed page does not e)133 201.6 -Q(xist, create it.)-.15 E(MPOOL_LAST)108 218.4 Q 2.105 -(Return the last page of the source \214le and cop)133 230.4 R 4.605(yi)-.1 G -2.106(ts page number to the location referenced by)347.25 230.4 R F1(pgnoaddr) -133 242.4 Q F0(.).73 E(MPOOL_NEW)108 259.2 Q(Create a ne)133 271.2 Q 2.5(wp) --.25 G(age in the \214le and cop)192.45 271.2 Q 2.5(yi)-.1 G -(ts page number to the location referenced by)290.67 271.2 Q F1(pgnoaddr)2.5 E -F0(.).73 E(MPOOL_NOPIN)108 288 Q(Don')133 300 Q 2.918(tp)-.18 G .418 -(in the page into memory)164.068 300 R 5.418(.\()-.65 G .417 -(This \215ag is intended for deb)274.108 300 R .417(ugging purposes, when it') --.2 F 2.917(so)-.55 G .417(ften use-)504.873 300 R .972(ful to e)133 312 R .972 -(xamine pages which are currently held by other parts of the application.)-.15 -F -.15(Pa)5.973 G .973(ges retrie).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.473(di).15 G(n)535 312 -Q .529(this manner don')133 324 R 3.029(tn)-.18 G .528 -(eed to be returned to the memory pool, i.e. the)212.457 324 R 3.028(ys)-.15 G -(hould)413.95 324 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(not)3.028 E F0 .528 -(be speci\214ed as ar)3.028 F(gu-)-.18 E(ments to the)133 336 Q F1(mpool_put) -2.5 E F0(routine.\))2.5 E(Created pages ha)108 352.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H -(ll their bytes set to 0.).15 E 2.078(All pages returned by)108 369.6 R F1 -(mpool_g)4.578 E(et)-.1 E F0 2.079 -(\(unless the MPOOL_NOPIN \215ag is speci\214ed\), will be retained \(i.e.) -4.578 F -.74(``)108 381.6 S(pinned').74 E -('\) in the pool until a subsequent call to)-.74 E F1(mpool_put)2.5 E F0(.).68 -E .077(The function)108 398.4 R F1(mpool_put)2.577 E F0 .076 -(indicates that the page referenced by)2.577 F F1(pgaddr)2.576 E F0 .076 -(can be e)2.576 F .076(victed from the pool.)-.25 F F1(Pgaddr)5.076 E F0 -(must be an address pre)108 410.4 Q(viously returned by)-.25 E F1(mpool_g)2.5 E -(et)-.1 E F0(.).68 E(The \215ag v)108 427.2 Q(alue is speci\214ed by)-.25 E F1 -(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)277.2 427.2 S(he follo)285.81 -427.2 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(MPOOL_DIR)108 444 Q(TY)-.6 E .052(The page\ - has been modi\214ed and must be written to the source \214le before being e) -133 456 R .052(victed from the pool.)-.25 F(MPOOL_DISCARD)108 472.8 Q .145 -(The page is unlik)133 484.8 R .144(ely to be useful in the near future, and s\ -hould be discarded before other pages in the)-.1 F(pool.)133 496.8 Q -(The function)108 513.6 Q F1(mpool_put)2.5 E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E -(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)352.77 -513.6 Q .027(The function)108 530.4 R F1(mpool_sync)2.527 E F0 .028 -(writes all pages associated with the MPOOLFILE pointer)2.528 F F1(mpf)2.528 E -F0 2.528(,w)1.96 G .028(hich were speci-)474.414 530.4 R .431(\214ed as ar)108 -542.4 R .431(guments to the)-.18 F F1(mpool_put)2.931 E F0 .431 -(function with an associated \215ag of MPOOL_DIR)2.931 F(TY)-.6 E 2.93(,t)-1.29 -G 2.93(ot)472.61 542.4 S .43(he source \214le.)483.32 542.4 R(The function)108 -554.4 Q F1(mpool_sync)2.5 E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1 -(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)357.76 554.4 Q 1.075 -(The function)108 571.2 R F1(mpool_unlink)3.575 E F0(destro)3.575 E 1.075 -(ys the memory pool identi\214ed by the directory)-.1 F F1(path)3.575 E F0 -3.575(,r).28 G(emo)471.33 571.2 Q 1.075(ving all \214les)-.15 F 1.121 -(used to implement the memory pool.)108 583.2 R 1.121(\(The directory)6.121 F -F1(path)3.621 E F0 1.121(is not remo)3.621 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.62(d.\) If).15 F -1.12(there are processes which)3.62 F(ha)108 595.2 Q .871 -.15(ve c)-.2 H -(alled).15 E F1(mpool_open)3.071 E F0 .571(without calling)3.071 F F1 -(mpool_close)3.071 E F0 .572 -(\(i.e., there are processes currently using the memory)3.071 F(pool\),)108 -607.2 Q F1(mpool_unlink)2.652 E F0 .152(will f)2.652 F .151 -(ail without further action, unless the force \215ag is set, in which case)-.1 -F F1(mpool_unlink)2.651 E F0 .524 -(will attempt to delete the memory pool \214les re)108 619.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G -.525(rdless of an).05 F 3.025(yp)-.15 G .525 -(rocesses still using the memory pool.)366.45 619.2 R(An)5.525 E(y)-.15 E .598 -(accesses to a remo)108 631.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.097(dm).15 G .597 -(emory pool will lik)208.95 631.2 R .597(ely result in une)-.1 F .597 -(xpected beha)-.15 F(vior)-.2 E 5.597(.T)-.55 G .597(he function)436.036 631.2 -R F1(mpool_unlink)3.097 E F0(returns -1 on f)108 643.2 Q(ailure, setting)-.1 E -F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)253.61 643.2 Q .11 -(In the case of catastrophic or system f)108 660 R .11 -(ailure, it is possible to clean up a memory pool by remo)-.1 F .11 -(ving all of the)-.15 F .569(\214les in the directory speci\214ed to the)108 -672 R F1(mpool_cr)3.068 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .568 -(function, as memory pool \214les are ne)3.068 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.068(rc).15 G -.568(reated in an)487.364 672 R(y)-.15 E -(directory other than the one speci\214ed to)108 684 Q F1(mpool_cr)2.5 E(eate) --.37 E F0(.).18 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q -99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 4 16 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 110.12(DB_MPOOL\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 110.12(anual DB_MPOOL\(3\))340.17 48 R .025(The function)108 84 R/F1 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mpool_stat)2.525 E F0 .026 -(writes statistics for the memory pool)2.526 F F1(mp)2.526 E F0 .026 -(to the \214le speci\214ed by)2.526 F F1(fp)2.526 E F0 5.026(.T).19 G .026 -(hese statistics)485.254 84 R .829 -(include the number of \214les participating in the pool, the acti)108 96 R -1.129 -.15(ve p)-.25 H .829(ages in the pool, and numbers as to ho).15 F(w)-.25 -E(ef)108 108 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(he cache has been.).15 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)72 124.8 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 136.8 Q F1(mpool_cr)3.852 -E(eate)-.37 E F0(,).18 E F1(mpool_open)3.852 E F0(and)3.852 E F1(mpool_fopen) -3.852 E F0 1.353(functions may f)3.852 F 1.353(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)3.853 -E F0 1.353(for an)3.853 F 3.853(yo)-.15 G 3.853(ft)493.424 136.8 S 1.353 -(he errors)503.387 136.8 R(speci\214ed for the library functions)108 148.8 Q F1 -(open)2.5 E F0(\(2\),).24 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(ad).37 E F0(\(2\), and).77 E F1 -(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 165.6 Q F1(mpool_close)3.144 E F0(and) -3.144 E F1(mpool_fclose)3.144 E F0 .644(functions may f)3.144 F .644 -(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)3.144 E F0 .643(for an)3.143 F 3.143(yo)-.15 G -3.143(ft)425.985 165.6 S .643(he errors speci\214ed for the)435.238 165.6 R -(library functions)108 177.6 Q F1(close)2.5 E F0(\(2\) and).18 E F1(fr)2.5 E -(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E(The)108 194.4 Q F1(mpool_g)4.097 E(et)-.1 E F0 1.597 -(function may f)4.097 F 1.597(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.097 E F0 1.597 -(for an)4.097 F 4.097(yo)-.15 G 4.097(ft)349.14 194.4 S 1.597 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)359.347 194.4 R F1 -.37(re)108 -206.4 S(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F1(write)2.5 E F0(\(2\), and).18 E F1(malloc) -2.5 E F0(\(3\) or the follo).31 E(wing:)-.25 E([EINV)108 223.2 Q(AL])-1.35 E -(The requested page does not e)133 235.2 Q(xist and MPOOL_CREA)-.15 E(TE w) --1.11 E(as not set.)-.1 E(The)108 252 Q F1(mpool_put)4.288 E F0 1.787 -(function may f)4.287 F 1.787(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.287 E F0 1.787 -(for an)4.287 F 4.287(yo)-.15 G 4.287(ft)351.701 252 S 1.787 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library function)362.098 252 R F1(write)108 264 -Q F0(\(2\) or the follo).18 E(wing:)-.25 E([EA)108 280.8 Q(CCES])-.4 E -(The source \214le w)133 292.8 Q(as not opened for writing.)-.1 E(The)108 309.6 -Q F1(mpool_sync)3.993 E F0 1.493(function may f)3.993 F 1.493(ail and set)-.1 F -F1(errno)3.993 E F0 1.494(for an)3.993 F 3.994(yo)-.15 G 3.994(ft)353.752 309.6 -S 1.494(he errors speci\214ed for the library function)363.856 309.6 R F1 -(write)108 321.6 Q F0(\(2\).).18 E(The)108 338.4 Q F1(mpool_unlink)3.569 E F0 -1.069(function may f)3.569 F 1.068(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)3.568 E F0 1.068 -(for an)3.568 F 3.568(yo)-.15 G 3.568(ft)356.734 338.4 S 1.068 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library function)366.412 338.4 R F1(unlink)108 -350.4 Q F0(\(2\) or the follo).67 E(wing:)-.25 E([EB)108 367.2 Q(USY])-.1 E -(The memory pool w)133 379.2 Q(as in use and the force \215ag w)-.1 E -(as not set.)-.1 E F2(SEE ALSO)72 396 Q F1(db_btr)108 408 Q(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F1(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 -(\(3\),).67 E F1(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\),).22 E F1(db_open)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).24 E F1(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_txn)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\)).24 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q -99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(4)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 17 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 119.01(DB_OPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 119.01(anual DB_OPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA) -72 84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_open \255 database access methods)108 96 Q F1(SYNOPSIS) -72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <db)108 124.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E(DB *)108 -148.8 Q(db_open\(const char *\214le, int \215ags, int mode,)108 160.8 Q -(DBTYPE type, DBINFO *dbinf)158 172.8 Q(o, const v)-.25 E(oid *openinf)-.1 E -(o\);)-.25 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 189.6 Q F0 .485(The DB library is a f)108 201.6 -R .485(amily of groups of functions that pro)-.1 F .486 -(vides a modular programming interf)-.15 F .486(ace to trans-)-.1 F .823 -(actions and record-oriented \214le access.)108 213.6 R .822 -(The library includes support for transaction, locking, logging and)5.822 F -.258(\214le b)108 225.6 R(uf)-.2 E .258(fering functionality)-.25 F 2.758(,a) --.65 G 2.758(sw)223.214 225.6 S .258(ell as v)237.082 225.6 R .258(arious inde) --.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(da).15 G .258(ccess methods.)331.434 225.6 R(Man) -5.258 E 2.758(yo)-.15 G 2.758(ft)427.878 225.6 S .258 -(he functional groups \(e.g.)436.746 225.6 R .528(the memory pool functions\) \ -are useful independently of the rest of the DB functions, although some func-) -108 237.6 R .306(tional groups are e)108 249.6 R .306 -(xplicitly based on other functional groups \(e.g.)-.15 F .306 -(transactions and logging\).)5.306 F -.15(Fo)5.306 G 2.806(rag).15 G(eneral) -515.57 249.6 Q .245(description of transactions, see)108 261.6 R/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_txn)2.745 E F0 2.745(\(3\). F).24 F .245 -(or a general description of the access methods, see)-.15 F F3(db_open)2.745 E -F0(\(3\)).24 E .307(and then the indi)108 273.6 R .307 -(vidual access method manual pages:)-.25 F F3(db_btr)2.808 E(ee)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F3(db_hash)2.808 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F3(db_lo)2.808 E(g)-.1 E F0 -.308(\(3\) and).22 F F3(db_r)2.808 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E -.15(Fo)108 -285.6 S 3.635(rag).15 G 1.135(eneral description of the lock manager)138.45 -285.6 R 3.635(,s)-.4 G(ee)307.32 285.6 Q F3(db_loc)3.635 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.635 -(\(3\). F).67 F 1.135(or a general description of the memory)-.15 F -(pool manager)108 297.6 Q 2.5(,s)-.4 G(ee)171.2 297.6 Q F3(db_mpool)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E(This manual page describes the o)108 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -(rall structure of the a).15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable access methods.).25 E .457 -(The currently supported \214le formats are btree, hashed, log and recno \(i.e\ -. \215at-\214le oriented\).)108 331.2 R .457(The btree for)5.457 F(-)-.2 E .974 -(mat is a representation of a sorted, balanced tree structure.)108 343.2 R .973 -(The hashed format is an e)5.974 F .973(xtensible, dynamic)-.15 F .801 -(hashing scheme.)108 355.2 R .802 -(The log format is a general-purpose logging f)5.801 F(acility)-.1 E 5.802(.T) --.65 G .802(he recno format is a byte stream)406.888 355.2 R .415 -(\214le with \214x)108 367.2 R .415(ed or v)-.15 F .415 -(ariable length records.)-.25 F .415(The formats and other)5.415 F 2.914(,f)-.4 -G .414(ormat speci\214c information are described)376.714 367.2 R -(in detail in their respecti)108 379.2 Q .3 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(anual pages:).15 E -F3(db_btr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F3(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F3 -(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\), and).22 E F3(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\).) -.18 E .138(Db_open opens)108 396 R F3(\214le)2.638 E F0 .139 -(for reading and/or writing.)2.638 F .139(Files ne)5.139 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.639 -(ri).15 G .139(ntended to be preserv)349.088 396 R .139 -(ed on disk may be created)-.15 F .423 -(by setting the \214le parameter to NULL.)108 408 R .423 -(\(Note, while most of the access methods use)5.423 F F3(\214le)2.923 E F0 .423 -(as the name of an)2.923 F .429 -(underlying \214le on disk, this is not guaranteed.)108 420 R .43 -(See the manual pages for the indi)5.429 F .43(vidual access methods for)-.25 F -(more information.\))108 432 Q(The)108 448.8 Q F3<8d61>4.328 E(gs)-.1 E F0(and) -4.328 E F3 1.828(mode ar)4.328 F(guments)-.37 E F0 1.828 -(are as speci\214ed to the)4.328 F F3(open)4.328 E F0 1.828(\(2\) function, ho) -.24 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628 -.4(r, o).15 H 1.828(nly the O_CREA).4 F --.74(T,)-1.11 G .127(O_EXCL, O_EXLOCK, O_NONBLOCK, O_RDONL)108 460.8 R 2.708 --1.29(Y, O)-1 H(_RD)1.29 E .128(WR, O_SHLOCK and O_TR)-.3 F .128 -(UNC \215ags are)-.4 F 2.5(meaningful. \(Note,)108 472.8 R -(opening a database \214le O_WR)2.5 E(ONL)-.4 E 2.5(Yi)-1 G 2.5(sn)342.67 472.8 -S(ot possible.\))354.06 472.8 Q(The)108 489.6 Q F3(type)5.338 E F0(ar)5.338 E -2.837(gument is of type DBTYPE \(as de\214ned in the <db)-.18 F 2.837 -(.h> include \214le\) and may be set to)-.4 F -(DB_BTREE, DB_HASH, DB_LOG or DB_RECNO.)108 501.6 Q(The)108 518.4 Q F3(dbinfo) -3.279 E F0(ar)3.279 E .779(gument is a pointer to a structure containing refer\ -ences to locking, logging, transaction, and)-.18 F 1.242(shared-memory b)108 -530.4 R(uf)-.2 E 1.242(fer pool information.)-.25 F(If)6.242 E F3(dbinfo)3.742 -E F0 1.241(is NULL, then the access method may still use these)3.741 F .667 -(subsystems, b)108 542.4 R .667(ut the usage will be pri)-.2 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.668(te to the application and managed by DB.).25 F(If)5.668 E F3(dbinfo)3.168 -E F0 .668(is non-NULL,)3.168 F .481(then the module referenced by each of the \ -non-NULL \214elds is used by DB as necessary)108 554.4 R 5.48(.T)-.65 G .48 -(he \214elds of the)479.4 554.4 R(DBINFO structure are de\214ned as follo)108 -566.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E(const char *errpfx;)108 583.2 Q 2.5(Ap)133 595.2 S -(re\214x to prepend to error messages; used only if)147.72 595.2 Q F3 -(err\214le)2.5 E F0(is non-NULL.)2.5 E(FILE *err\214le;)108 612 Q(The)133 624 Q -F3(stdio)2.5 E F0(\(3\) \214le stream to which error messages are logged.).18 E -.147(When an)133 648 R 2.647(ye)-.15 G .147(rror occurs in the)180.904 648 R F3 -(db_open)2.648 E F0 .148(function, or in an)2.648 F 2.648(yf)-.15 G .148 -(unction called using a \214eld of the returned)369.824 648 R .234 -(DB structure, an error v)133 660 R .234 -(alue is returned by the function, and the global v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -(errno)2.733 E F0 .233(is set appropri-)2.733 F(ately)133 672 Q 5.415(.I)-.65 G -2.915(ns)163.035 672 S .416(ome cases, ho)174.84 672 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.216 -.4(r, t).15 H(he).4 E F3(errno)2.916 E F0 -.25(va)2.916 G .416 -(lue may be insuf).25 F .416(\214cient to describe the cause of the error)-.25 -F(.)-.55 E .137(In these cases, if)133 684 R F3(err\214le)2.637 E F0 .137(is n\ -on-NULL, additional error information will be written to the \214le stream it) -2.637 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 18 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 119.01(DB_OPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 119.01(anual DB_OPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R .643 -(represents, preceded by the string, if an)133 84 R 1.943 -.65(y, s)-.15 H .643 -(peci\214ed by).65 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(errpfx)3.143 E F0 5.643(.T).53 G -.644(his error logging f)394.94 84 R .644(acility should not)-.1 F -(be required for normal operation, b)133 96 Q(ut may be useful in deb)-.2 E -(ugging applications.)-.2 E(char *errb)108 112.8 Q(uf;)-.2 E .03(The b)133 -124.8 R(uf)-.2 E .03(fer to which error messages are copied.)-.25 F .029 -(If non-NULL,)5.029 F F1(errb)2.529 E(uf)-.2 E F0(beha)2.529 E -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.529(sa).15 G 2.529(sd)451.423 124.8 S .029(escribed for)462.842 124.8 R F1 -(err\214le)2.529 E F0(,).18 E -.15(ex)133 136.8 S .173(cept that the).15 F F1 -(errpfx)2.673 E F0 .174 -(\214eld is ignored and the error message is copied into the speci\214ed b) -2.673 F(uf)-.2 E .174(fer instead)-.25 F 1.014 -(of being written to the FILE stream.)133 148.8 R 1.013 -(The DB routines assume that the associated b)6.014 F(uf)-.2 E 1.013 -(fer is at least)-.25 F(1024 bytes in length.)133 160.8 Q(LOCK_T)108 177.6 Q -(ABLE_T *lockinfo;)-.93 E .265 -(If locking is required for the \214le being opened \(as in the case of b)133 -189.6 R(uf)-.2 E .266(fers being maintained in a shared)-.25 F 1.794(memory b) -133 201.6 R(uf)-.2 E 1.794(fer pool\), the)-.25 F F1(loc)4.294 E(kinfo)-.2 E F0 -1.794(\214eld contains a return v)4.294 F 1.793(alue from the function)-.25 F -F1(loc)4.293 E(k_open)-.2 E F0(that)4.293 E(should be used \(see)133 213.6 Q F1 -(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(\(3\)\). If).67 F F1(loc)2.5 E(kinfo)-.2 E F0 -(is NULL, no locking is done.)2.5 E(DB *loginfo;)108 230.4 Q .93 -(If modi\214cations to the \214le being opened should be logged, the)133 242.4 -R F1(lo)3.43 E(ginfo)-.1 E F0 .93(\214eld contains a return v)3.43 F(alue)-.25 -E .063(from the function)133 254.4 R F1(dbopen)2.563 E F0 2.563(,w).24 G .062 -(hen opening a DB \214le of type DB_LOG.)247.642 254.4 R(If)5.062 E F1(lo)2.562 -E(ginfo)-.1 E F0 .062(is NULL, no logging)2.562 F(is done.)133 266.4 Q -(MPOOL *mpoolinfo;)108 283.2 Q 1.129 -(If the cache for the \214le being opened should be maintained in a shared b) -133 295.2 R(uf)-.2 E 1.129(fer pool, the)-.25 F F1(mpoolinfo)3.629 E F0 .102 -(\214eld contains a return v)133 307.2 R .102(alue from the function)-.25 F F1 -(mpool_open)2.602 E F0 .102(that should be used \(see)2.602 F F1(db_mpool)2.602 -E F0 2.602(\(3\)\). If).51 F F1(mpoolinfo)133 319.2 Q F0 .429 -(is NULL, a memory pool may still be created, b)2.929 F .43(ut it will be pri) --.2 F -.25(va)-.25 G .43(te to the application and).25 F(managed by DB.)133 -331.2 Q(TXNMGR *txninfo;)108 348 Q 1.161 -(If the accesses to the \214le being opened should tak)133 360 R 3.661(ep)-.1 G -1.161(lace in the conte)354.474 360 R 1.161(xt of transactions \(pro)-.15 F -(viding)-.15 E 1.239(atomicity and complete error reco)133 372 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -1.239(ry\), the).15 F F1(txninfo)3.739 E F0 1.239(\214eld contains a return v) -3.739 F 1.24(alue from the function)-.25 F F1(txn_open)133 384 Q F0(\(see)2.599 -E F1(db_txn)2.599 E F0 2.599(\(3\)\). If).24 F .098 -(transactions are speci\214ed, the application is responsible for making suit-) -2.599 F 1.27(able calls to)133 396 R F1(txn_be)3.77 E(gin)-.4 E F0(,).24 E F1 -(txn_abort)3.77 E F0 3.77(,a).68 G(nd)282.91 396 Q F1(txn_commit)3.77 E F0 6.27 -(.I).68 G(f)356.12 396 Q F1(txninfo)3.77 E F0 1.27 -(is NULL, no transaction support is)3.77 F(done.)133 408 Q(The)108 424.8 Q F1 -(openinfo)2.85 E F0(ar)2.85 E .349(gument is a pointer to an access method spe\ -ci\214c structure described in the access method')-.18 F(s)-.55 E .03 -(manual page.)108 436.8 R(If)5.03 E F1(openinfo)2.53 E F0 .031 -(is NULL, each access method will use def)2.53 F .031 -(aults appropriate for the system and the)-.1 F(access method.)108 448.8 Q/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(KEY/D)72 465.6 Q -1.35 -.855(AT A)-.315 H -.666(PA)3.105 G -(IRS).666 E F0 .313(Access to all access methods is based on k)108 477.6 R -.15 -(ey)-.1 G .312(/data pairs.).15 F .312(Both k)5.312 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.812(sa) -.15 G .312(nd data are represented by the follo)386.758 477.6 R(w-)-.25 E -(ing data structure:)108 489.6 Q(typedef struct {)108 506.4 Q -.2(vo)144 518.4 -S(id *data;).2 E(size_t size;)144 530.4 Q 2.5(}D)108 542.4 S(BT)122.52 542.4 Q -(;)-.55 E(The elements of the DBT structure are de\214ned as follo)108 559.2 Q -(ws:)-.25 E 5.84(data A)108 576 R(pointer to a byte string.)2.5 E 6.95 -(size The)108 592.8 R(length of)2.5 E F1(data)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i).26 G 2.5(nb) -215.2 592.8 S(ytes.)227.7 592.8 Q -2.15 -.25(Ke y)108 609.6 T .672(and data by\ -te strings may reference strings of essentially unlimited length, although an) -3.422 F 3.173(yt)-.15 G .873 -.1(wo o)493.204 609.6 T 3.173(ft).1 G(hem)522.78 -609.6 Q(must \214t into a)108 621.6 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable memory at the same time.).25 E .14(The access methods pro)108 638.4 R -.139(vide no guarantees about byte string alignment, and applications are resp\ -onsible for)-.15 F(maintaining an)108 650.4 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G -(ecessary alignment.)180.07 650.4 Q F2(DB OPERA)72 667.2 Q(TIONS)-.855 E F1 -(Db_open)108 679.2 Q F0 .56 -(returns a pointer to a DB structure \(as de\214ned in the <db)3.06 F .56 -(.h> include \214le\) on success, and NULL)-.4 F 1.02(on error)108 691.2 R 6.02 -(.T)-.55 G 1.02(he DB structure describes a database type, and includes a set \ -of functions to perform v)155.03 691.2 R(arious)-.25 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele) --.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E -(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 119.01(DB_OPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 119.01(anual DB_OPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R .241 -(actions, as described belo)108 84 R 4.041 -.65(w. E)-.25 H .241 -(ach of these functions tak).65 F .241 -(es a pointer to a DB structure, and may tak)-.1 F 2.741(eo)-.1 G .242(ne or) -519.488 84 R .889(more DBT *')108 96 R 3.389(sa)-.55 G .889(nd a \215ag v) -174.827 96 R .889(alue as well.)-.25 F(Indi)5.889 E .888 -(vidual access methods specify additional functions and \215ags)-.25 F -(which are speci\214c to the method.)108 108 Q -(The \214elds of the DB structure are as follo)5 E(ws:)-.25 E(DBTYPE type;)108 -124.8 Q(The type of the underlying access method \(and \214le format\).)133 -136.8 Q(int \(*close\)\(const DB *db\);)108 153.6 Q 3.863(Ap)133 165.6 S 1.363 -(ointer to a function to \215ush an)149.083 165.6 R 3.864(yc)-.15 G 1.364 -(ached information to disk, free an)290.968 165.6 R 3.864(ya)-.15 G 1.364 -(llocated resources, and)445.912 165.6 R .878(close an)133 177.6 R 3.378(yu) --.15 G .878(nderlying \214les.)179.596 177.6 R .878(Since k)5.878 F -.15(ey)-.1 -G .878(/data pairs are cached in memory).15 F 3.377(,f)-.65 G .877 -(ailing to sync the \214le with)431.445 177.6 R(the)133 189.6 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(close)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(sync)2.5 E F0 -(function may result in inconsistent or lost information.)2.5 E(The)133 206.4 Q -F1(close)2.5 E F0(functions return -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1 -(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)355.54 206.4 Q -(int \(*del\)\(const DB *db, TXN *txnid,)108 223.2 Q(const DBT *k)183 235.2 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,u)-.5 G(_int \215ags\);)257.65 235.2 Q 2.541(Ap)133 247.2 S -.041(ointer to a function to remo)147.761 247.2 R .341 -.15(ve k)-.15 H -.15 -(ey).05 G .041(/data pairs from the database.).15 F .042(The k)5.041 F -.15(ey) --.1 G .042(/data pair associated with).15 F(the speci\214ed)133 259.2 Q F1 -.1 -(ke)2.5 G(y)-.2 E F0(are discarded from the database.)2.5 E(The)133 276 Q F1 -(txnid)3.317 E F0 .817(parameter contains a transaction ID returned from)3.317 -F F1(txn_be)3.317 E(gin)-.4 E F0 3.317(,i).24 G 3.316(ft)431.22 276 S .816 -(he \214le is being accessed)440.646 276 R -(under transaction protection, or NULL if transactions are not in ef)133 288 Q -(fect.)-.25 E(The parameter)133 304.8 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0 -(must be set to 0 or e)2.5 E(xactly one of the follo)-.15 E(wing v)-.25 E -(alues:)-.25 E(R_CURSOR)133 321.6 Q(Delete the record referenced by the cursor) -158 333.6 Q 5(.T)-.55 G(he cursor must ha)339.32 333.6 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.2 H(re) -.15 E(viously been initialized.)-.25 E(The)133 350.4 Q F1(delete)2.934 E F0 -.434(functions return -1 on error)2.934 F 2.934(,s)-.4 G(etting)297.818 350.4 Q -F1(errno)2.934 E F0 2.934(,0o).18 G 2.934(ns)364.3 350.4 S .434 -(uccess, and 1 if the speci\214ed)376.124 350.4 R F1 -.1(ke)2.935 G(y)-.2 E F0 -.435(did not)2.935 F -.15(ex)133 362.4 S(ist in the \214le.).15 E -(int \(*fd\)\(const DB *db\);)108 379.2 Q 3.351(Ap)133 391.2 S .851 -(ointer to a function which returns a \214le descriptor representati)148.571 -391.2 R 1.15 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 3.35(ft).15 G .85(he underlying database.)430.53 -391.2 R(A)5.85 E .338(\214le descriptor referencing the same \214le will be re\ -turned to all processes which call)133 403.2 R F1(db_open)2.838 E F0 .339 -(with the)2.839 F(same)133 415.2 Q F1(\214le)3.376 E F0 3.376(name. This)3.376 -F .876(\214le descriptor may be safely used as an ar)3.376 F .876 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(fcntl)3.376 E F0 .875(\(2\) and).51 F F1(\215oc)3.375 -E(k)-.2 E F0(\(2\)).67 E .99(locking functions.)133 427.2 R .99 -(The \214le descriptor is not necessarily associated with an)5.99 F 3.49(yo) --.15 G 3.49(ft)453.98 427.2 S .99(he underlying \214les)463.58 427.2 R -(used by the access method.)133 439.2 Q(No \214le descriptor is a)5 E -.25(va) --.2 G(ilable for in memory databases.).25 E(The)133 456 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0 -(functions return -1 on error)2.5 E 2.5(,s)-.4 G(etting)278.68 456 Q F1(errno) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd the \214le descriptor on success.)335.8 456 Q -(int \(*get\)\(const DB *db, TXN *txnid,)108 472.8 Q(const DBT *k)183 484.8 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,D)-.5 G(BT *data, u_int \215ags\);)259.87 484.8 Q 2.854(Ap) -133 496.8 S .354(ointer to a function which is the interf)148.074 496.8 R .354 -(ace for k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .353(ed retrie).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.853(lf).25 -G .353(rom the database.)397.995 496.8 R .353(The address and)5.353 F -(length of the data associated with the speci\214ed)133 508.8 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G -(y)-.2 E F0(are returned in the structure referenced by)2.5 E F1(data)2.5 E F0 -(.).26 E(The)133 525.6 Q F1(txnid)3.316 E F0 .816 -(parameter contains a transaction ID returned from)3.316 F F1(txn_be)3.317 E -(gin)-.4 E F0 3.317(,i).24 G 3.317(ft)431.215 525.6 S .817 -(he \214le is being accessed)440.642 525.6 R -(under transaction protection, or NULL if transactions are not in ef)133 537.6 -Q(fect.)-.25 E(The)133 554.4 Q F1 -.1(ge)2.5 G(t).1 E F0 -(functions return -1 on error)2.5 E 2.5(,s)-.4 G(etting)283.02 554.4 Q F1 -(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,0o).18 G 2.5(ns)348.2 554.4 S(uccess, and 1 if the)359.59 -554.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y)-.2 E F0 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sn).1 G(ot found.)476.83 -554.4 Q(int \(*put\)\(const DB *db, TXN *txnid,)108 571.2 Q(DBT *k)183 583.2 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,c)-.5 G(onst DBT *data, u_int \215ags\);)233.48 583.2 Q 2.5 -(Ap)133 595.2 S(ointer to a function to store k)147.72 595.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(/data pairs in the database.).15 E(The)133 612 Q F1(txnid)3.317 E F0 .817 -(parameter contains a transaction ID returned from)3.317 F F1(txn_be)3.317 E -(gin)-.4 E F0 3.317(,i).24 G 3.316(ft)431.22 612 S .816 -(he \214le is being accessed)440.646 612 R -(under transaction protection, or NULL if transactions are not in ef)133 624 Q -(fect.)-.25 E(The parameter)133 640.8 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0 -(must be set to 0 or e)2.5 E(xactly one of the follo)-.15 E(wing v)-.25 E -(alues:)-.25 E(R_CURSOR)133 657.6 Q .448(Replace the k)158 669.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 -G .448(/data pair referenced by the cursor).15 F 5.449(.T)-.55 G .449 -(he cursor must ha)375.156 669.6 R .749 -.15(ve p)-.2 H(re).15 E .449 -(viously been ini-)-.25 F(tialized.)158 681.6 Q(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5 -(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(3)535 -732 Q EP -%%Page: 4 20 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 119.01(DB_OPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 119.01(anual DB_OPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R(R_NOO)133 84 Q(VER)-.5 E -(WRITE)-.55 E(Enter the ne)158 96 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)220.69 96 S -(/data pair only if the k).15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(oes not pre).15 E(viously e) --.25 E(xist.)-.15 E .664(The def)133 112.8 R .664(ault beha)-.1 F .664 -(vior of the)-.2 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(put)3.164 E F0 .664 -(functions is to enter the ne)3.164 F 3.164(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)387.498 112.8 S -.663(/data pair).15 F 3.163(,r)-.4 G .663(eplacing an)443.534 112.8 R 3.163(yp) --.15 G(re)503.03 112.8 Q(viously)-.25 E -.15(ex)133 124.8 S(isting k).15 E -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E(The)133 141.6 Q F1(put)3.558 E F0 1.058 -(functions return -1 on error)3.558 F 3.559(,s)-.4 G(etting)291.089 141.6 Q F1 -(errno)3.559 E F0 3.559(,0o).18 G 3.559(ns)359.446 141.6 S 1.059 -(uccess, and 1 if the R_NOO)371.895 141.6 R(VER)-.5 E(WRITE)-.55 E F1<8d61>133 -153.6 Q(g)-.1 E F0 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(ss).1 G(et and the k)172.24 153.6 Q .3 -.15 -(ey a)-.1 H(lready e).15 E(xists in the \214le.)-.15 E -(int \(*seq\)\(const DB *db, TXN *txnid,)108 170.4 Q(DBT *k)183 182.4 Q -.15 -(ey)-.1 G 2.5(,D)-.5 G(BT *data, u_int \215ags\);)236.26 182.4 Q 2.877(Ap)133 -194.4 S .377(ointer to a function which is the interf)148.097 194.4 R .377 -(ace for sequential retrie)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.877(lf).25 G .377 -(rom the database.)415.194 194.4 R .376(The address)5.376 F .012 -(and length of the k)133 206.4 R .312 -.15(ey a)-.1 H .012 -(re returned in the structure referenced by).15 F F1 -.1(ke)2.512 G(y)-.2 E F0 -2.512(,a).32 G .012(nd the address and length of the)412.726 206.4 R -(data are returned in the structure referenced by)133 218.4 Q F1(data)2.5 E F0 -(.).26 E(The)133 235.2 Q F1(txnid)3.317 E F0 .817 -(parameter contains a transaction ID returned from)3.317 F F1(txn_be)3.317 E -(gin)-.4 E F0 3.317(,i).24 G 3.316(ft)431.22 235.2 S .816 -(he \214le is being accessed)440.646 235.2 R -(under transaction protection, or NULL if transactions are not in ef)133 247.2 -Q(fect.)-.25 E .721(Sequential k)133 264 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .721 -(/data pair retrie).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.221(lm).25 G .721(ay be)277.884 264 R -.721(gin at an)-.15 F 3.221(yt)-.15 G .721 -(ime, and the logical position of the `)346.568 264 R(`cursor')-.74 E 3.222('i) --.74 G(s)536.11 264 Q .947(not af)133 276 R .947(fected by calls to the)-.25 F -F1(del)3.447 E F0(,).51 E F1 -.1(ge)3.447 G(t).1 E F0(,).68 E F1(put)3.447 E F0 -3.446(,o).68 G(r)308.572 276 Q F1(sync)3.446 E F0 3.446 -(functions. Modi\214cations)3.446 F .946(to the database during a)3.446 F 2.091 -(sequential scan will be re\215ected in the scan, i.e. records inserted behind\ - the cursor will not be)133 288 R -(returned while records inserted in front of the cursor will be returned.)133 -300 Q(The parameter)133 316.8 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(must be set to 0 or e) -2.5 E(xactly one of the follo)-.15 E(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_CURSOR)133 -333.6 Q .937(The data associated with the speci\214ed k)158 345.6 R 1.237 -.15 -(ey i)-.1 H 3.437(sr).15 G 3.437(eturned. This)348.546 345.6 R(dif)3.437 E .936 -(fers from the)-.25 F F1 -.1(ge)3.436 G(t).1 E F0 .936(functions in)3.436 F -(that it sets or initializes the cursor to the location of the k)158 357.6 Q .3 --.15(ey a)-.1 H 2.5(sw).15 G(ell.)415.5 357.6 Q(R_FIRST)133 374.4 Q .835 -(The \214rst k)158 386.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .835(/data pair of the database is re\ -turned, and the cursor is set or initialized to refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(ence it.) -158 398.4 Q(R_NEXT)133 415.2 Q(Retrie)158 427.2 Q 1.015 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .715 -(he k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .715(/data pair immediately after the cursor).15 F -5.715(.I)-.55 G 3.215(ft)391.91 427.2 S .714 -(he cursor is not yet set, this is the)401.235 427.2 R -(same as the R_FIRST \215ag.)158 439.2 Q(The)133 456 Q F1(seq)3.014 E F0 .514 -(functions return -1 on error)3.014 F 3.015(,s)-.4 G(etting)287.83 456 Q F1 -(errno)3.015 E F0 3.015(,0o).18 G 3.015(ns)354.555 456 S .515 -(uccess, and 1 if there are no k)366.46 456 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .515(/data pairs) -.15 F(less than or greater than the speci\214ed or current k)133 468 Q -.15(ey) --.1 G(.)-.5 E(int \(*sync\)\(const DB *db, u_int \215ags\);)108 484.8 Q 3.291 -(Ap)133 496.8 S .791(ointer to a function to \215ush an)148.511 496.8 R 3.291 -(yc)-.15 G .791(ached information to disk.)286.388 496.8 R .79 -(If the database is in memory only)5.79 F(,)-.65 E(the)133 508.8 Q F1(sync)2.5 -E F0(function has no ef)2.5 E(fect and will al)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys succeed.) -.1 E(The parameter)133 525.6 Q F1<8d61>2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0 -(must be set to 0 or a v)2.5 E -(alue speci\214ed by an access method speci\214c manual page.)-.25 E(The)133 -542.4 Q F1(sync)2.5 E F0(functions return -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E -F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)352.76 542.4 Q/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)72 559.2 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 571.2 Q F1(db_open)4.548 -E F0 2.048(function may f)4.548 F 2.049(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.549 E F0 -2.049(for an)4.549 F 4.549(yo)-.15 G 4.549(ft)345.977 571.2 S 2.049 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)356.636 571.2 R F1(open)108 -583.2 Q F0(\(2\),).24 E F1(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\) or the follo).31 E(wing:)-.25 -E([EFTYPE])108 600 Q 2.5<418c>133 612 S(le is incorrectly formatted.)148.28 612 -Q([EINV)108 628.8 Q(AL])-1.35 E 2.557(Ap)133 640.8 S .056 -(arameter has been speci\214ed \(hash function, recno pad byte etc.\))147.777 -640.8 R .056(that is incompatible with the cur)5.056 F(-)-.2 E .725 -(rent \214le speci\214cation or)133 652.8 R 3.225(,a\215)-.4 G .725 -(ag to a function which is not meaningful for the function \(for e)248.435 -652.8 R(xample,)-.15 E .763(use of the cursor without prior initialization\) o\ -r there is a mismatch between the v)133 664.8 R .763(ersion number of)-.15 F -(\214le and the softw)133 676.8 Q(are.)-.1 E(The)108 693.6 Q F1(close)2.913 E -F0 .413(functions may f)2.913 F .413(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)2.913 E F0 .413 -(for an)2.913 F 2.913(yo)-.15 G 2.913(ft)319.62 693.6 S .414 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)328.643 693.6 R F1(close)2.914 -E F0(\(2\),).18 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q -99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(4)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 5 21 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 119.01(DB_OPEN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 119.01(anual DB_OPEN\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37 -(re)108 84 S(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F1(write)2.5 E F0(\(2\),).18 E F1(fr)2.5 -E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\), or).18 E F1(fsync)2.5 E F0(\(2\).).31 E(The)108 100.8 Q -F1(del)2.52 E F0(,).51 E F1 -.1(ge)2.52 G(t).1 E F0(,).68 E F1(put)2.52 E F0 -(and)2.52 E F1(seq)2.52 E F0 .02(functions may f)2.52 F .02(ail and set)-.1 F -F1(errno)2.52 E F0 .02(for an)2.52 F 2.52(yo)-.15 G 2.52(ft)376.3 100.8 S .02 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library func-)384.93 100.8 R(tions)108 112.8 Q -F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F1(write)2.5 E F0(\(2\),).18 E F1(fr) -2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\) or).18 E F1(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\).).31 E(The)108 129.6 -Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(functions will f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 -(to ENOENT for in memory databases.)2.5 E(The)108 146.4 Q F1(sync)2.5 E F0 -(functions may f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0(for an)2.5 E 2.5(yo) --.15 G 2.5(ft)312.71 146.4 S(he errors speci\214ed for the library function) -321.32 146.4 Q F1(fsync)2.5 E F0(\(2\).).31 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 -163.2 Q F1(db_btr)108 175.2 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_hash)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).28 E F1(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E F1(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0 -(\(3\),).22 E F1(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\),).18 E F1(db_txn)2.5 E F0(\(3\)).24 E F2 -.09(BU)72 192 S(GS).09 E F0 -.106(The name DBT is a mnemonic for `)108 204 R .106(`data base thang')-.74 F -.106(', and w)-.74 F .107(as used because noone could think of a reason-)-.1 F -(able name that w)108 216 Q(asn')-.1 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G(lready in use some)202.14 -216 Q(where else.)-.25 E(The)108 232.8 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(function interf)2.5 E -(ace is a kluge, and will be deleted in a future v)-.1 E(ersion of the interf) --.15 E(ace.)-.1 E(Only big and little endian byte order is supported.)108 249.6 -Q(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(5)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 22 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 111.23(DB_RECNO\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 111.23(anual DB_RECNO\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA) -72 84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_recno \255 record number database access method)108 96 Q -F1(DESCRIPTION)72 112.8 Q F0(speci\214c details of the recno access method.)108 -124.8 Q F1 -.495(AC)72 141.6 S(CESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMA).495 E(TION)-.855 E -F0 2.497(The recno access method speci\214c data structure pro)108 153.6 R -2.497(vided to)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_open)4.997 E F0 2.497 -(is typedef)4.997 F 3.497 -.5('d a).55 H 2.497(nd named REC-).5 F 2.765 -(NOINFO. A)108 165.6 R .265(RECNOINFO structure has at least the follo)2.765 F -.266(wing \214elds, which may be initialized before call-)-.25 F(ing)108 177.6 -Q F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(:).24 E(u_int8_t b)108 194.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l;).25 E -.793(The delimiting byte to be used to mark the end of a record for v)133 206.4 -R .793(ariable-length records, and the pad)-.25 F .386(character for \214x)133 -218.4 R .387(ed-length records.)-.15 F .387(If no v)5.387 F .387 -(alue is speci\214ed, ne)-.25 F .387(wlines \(`)-.25 F(`\\n')-.74 E .387 -('\) are used to mark the end)-.74 F(of v)133 230.4 Q -(ariable-length records and \214x)-.25 E -(ed-length records are padded with spaces.)-.15 E(char *bfname;)108 247.2 Q -1.152(The recno access method stores the in-memory copies of its records in a \ -btree.)133 259.2 R 1.152(If bfname is non-)6.152 F .35(NULL, it speci\214es th\ -e name of the btree \214le, as if speci\214ed as the \214le name for a)133 -271.2 R F2(db_open)2.851 E F0 .351(of a btree)2.851 F(\214le.)133 283.2 Q -(u_int cachesize;)108 300 Q 3.847(As)133 312 S 1.347 -(uggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache.)147.957 312 R 1.347 -(This v)6.347 F 1.347(alue is)-.25 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(only)3.847 E F0 -(advisory)3.847 E 3.846(,a)-.65 G 1.346(nd the)513.934 312 R .693 -(access method will allocate more memory rather than f)133 324 R 3.193(ail. If) --.1 F F2(cac)3.193 E(hesize)-.15 E F0 3.193(is 0)3.193 F .693 -(\(no size is speci\214ed\) a)3.193 F(def)133 336 Q(ault size is used.)-.1 E -(u_long \215ags;)108 352.8 Q(The \215ag v)133 364.8 Q(alue is speci\214ed by) --.25 E F2(or)2.5 E F0('ing an).73 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)302.2 364.8 S -(he follo)310.81 364.8 Q(wing v)-.25 E(alues:)-.25 E(R_FIXEDLEN)133 381.6 Q -1.49(The records are \214x)158 393.6 R 1.489(ed-length, not byte delimited.) --.15 F 1.489(The structure element)6.489 F F2 -.37(re)3.989 G(clen).37 E F0 -1.489(speci\214es the)3.989 F .487 -(length of the record, and the structure element)158 405.6 R F2(bval)2.987 E F0 -.488(is used as the pad character)2.988 F 5.488(.A)-.55 G .788 -.15(ny r) -495.232 405.6 T(ecords,).15 E(inserted into the database, that are less than) -158 417.6 Q F2 -.37(re)2.5 G(clen).37 E F0 -(bytes long are automatically padded.)2.5 E(R_NOKEY)133 434.4 Q 1.146 -(In the interf)158 446.4 R 1.146(ace speci\214ed by)-.1 F F2(db_open)3.646 E F0 -3.646(,t).24 G 1.146(he sequential record retrie)320.816 446.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G -3.646<6c8c>.25 G 1.145(lls in both the caller')449.31 446.4 R(s)-.55 E -.1(ke) -158 458.4 S 4.795(ya)-.05 G 2.295(nd data structures.)181.425 458.4 R 2.295 -(If the R_NOKEY \215ag is speci\214ed, the)7.295 F F2(cur)4.795 E(sor)-.1 E F0 -2.295(functions are not)4.795 F .621(required to \214ll in the k)158 470.4 R -.921 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.121(tructure. This).15 F .621 -(permits applications to retrie)3.121 F .92 -.15(ve r)-.25 H .62 -(ecords at the end of).15 F(\214les without reading all of the interv)158 482.4 -Q(ening records.)-.15 E(R_SN)133 499.2 Q(APSHO)-.35 E(T)-.4 E .029 -(This \215ag requires that a snapshot of the \214le be tak)158 511.2 R .029 -(en when)-.1 F F2(db_open)2.529 E F0 .029(is called, instead of permit-)2.529 F -(ting an)158 523.2 Q 2.5(yu)-.15 G -(nmodi\214ed records to be read from the original \214le.)197.85 523.2 Q -(int lorder;)108 540 Q .65(The byte order for inte)133 552 R .65 -(gers in the stored database metadata.)-.15 F .65 -(The number should represent the order)5.65 F .748(as an inte)133 564 R .749 -(ger; for e)-.15 F .749(xample, big endian order w)-.15 F .749 -(ould be the number 4,321.)-.1 F(If)5.749 E F2(lor)3.249 E(der)-.37 E F0 .749 -(is 0 \(no order is)3.249 F(speci\214ed\) the current host order is used.)133 -576 Q(u_int psize;)108 592.8 Q .284(The recno access method stores the in-memo\ -ry copies of its records in a btree.)133 604.8 R .284(This v)5.284 F .283 -(alue is the size)-.25 F .297 -(\(in bytes\) of the pages used for nodes in that tree.)133 616.8 R(If)5.297 E -F2(psize)2.797 E F0 .297(is 0 \(no page size is speci\214ed\) a page size)2.797 -F(is chosen based on the underlying \214le system I/O block size.)133 628.8 Q -(See)5 E F2(btr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\) for more information.).18 E -(size_t reclen;)108 645.6 Q(The length of a \214x)133 657.6 Q -(ed-length record.)-.15 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib) -132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 23 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 111.23(DB_RECNO\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 111.23(anual DB_RECNO\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(DB OPERA)72 84 Q(TIONS)-.855 E F0 .972(The data part of the k)108 96 R -.15 -(ey)-.1 G .971(/data pair used by the recno access method is the same as other\ - access methods.).15 F .198(The k)108 108 R .498 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.698(sd).15 G -(if)157.504 108 Q 2.698(ferent. The)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(data)2.698 E -F0 .198(\214eld of the k)2.698 F .499 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .199 -(hould be a pointer to a memory location of type).15 F F2 -.37(re)2.699 G -(cno_t).37 E F0 2.699(,a).68 G(s)536.11 108 Q .506(de\214ned in the <db)108 120 -R .506(.h> include \214le.)-.4 F .506(This type is normally the lar)5.506 F -.506(gest unsigned inte)-.18 F .506(gral type a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .505 -(ilable to the).25 F 2.5(implementation. The)108 132 R F2(size)2.5 E F0 -(\214eld of the k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H(hould be the size of that type.).15 -E 1.944(The record number data structure is either v)108 148.8 R 1.944 -(ariable or \214x)-.25 F 1.944 -(ed-length records stored in a \215at-\214le format,)-.15 F 1.856 -(accessed by the logical record number)108 160.8 R 6.856(.T)-.55 G 1.856(he e) -285.206 160.8 R 1.856(xistence of record number \214v)-.15 F 4.356(er)-.15 G -1.856(equires the e)440.442 160.8 R 1.856(xistence of)-.15 F .875 -(records one through four)108 172.8 R 3.375(,a)-.4 G .875 -(nd the deletion of record number one causes record number \214v)219.68 172.8 R -3.376(et)-.15 G 3.376(ob)489.928 172.8 S 3.376(er)503.304 172.8 S(enum-)514.45 -172.8 Q .283(bered to record number four)108 184.8 R 2.783(,a)-.4 G 2.783(sw) -231.195 184.8 S .283(ell as the cursor)245.088 184.8 R 2.783(,i)-.4 G 2.783(fp) -316.64 184.8 S .282(ositioned after record number one, to shift do)327.753 -184.8 R .282(wn one)-.25 F 3.18(record. The)108 196.8 R .68 -(creation of record number \214v)3.18 F 3.18(ew)-.15 G .681 -(hen records one through four do not e)295.05 196.8 R .681 -(xist causes the logical)-.15 F(creation of them with zero-length data.)108 -208.8 Q .372(Because there is no meta-data associated with the underlying recn\ -o access method \214les, an)108 225.6 R 2.872(yc)-.15 G .372(hanges made) -487.698 225.6 R .191(to the def)108 237.6 R .191(ault v)-.1 F .191 -(alues \(e.g. \214x)-.25 F .192(ed record length or byte separator v)-.15 F -.192(alue\) must be e)-.25 F .192(xplicitly speci\214ed each time)-.15 F -(the \214le is opened.)108 249.6 Q 1.037(The functions returned by)108 266.4 R -F2(db_open)3.537 E F0 1.036(for the btree access method are as described in) -3.536 F F2(db_open)3.536 E F0 1.036(\(3\), with the).24 F(follo)108 278.4 Q -(wing e)-.25 E(xceptions and additions:)-.15 E 5.28(type The)108 295.2 R -(type is DB_RECNO.)2.5 E 9.72(put Using)108 312 R(the)2.558 E F2(put)2.558 E F0 -(interf)2.559 E .059(ace to create a ne)-.1 F 2.559(wr)-.25 G .059 -(ecord will cause the creation of multiple, empty records if the)293.07 312 R -(record number is more than one greater than the lar)133 324 Q -(gest record currently in the database.)-.18 E(The)133 340.8 Q F2(put)2.5 E F0 -(function tak)2.5 E(es the follo)-.1 E(wing additional \215ags:)-.25 E -(R_IAFTER)133 357.6 Q 1.225 -(Append the data immediately after the data referenced by)158 369.6 R F2 -.1 -(ke)3.724 G(y)-.2 E F0 3.724(,c).32 G 1.224(reating a ne)425.354 369.6 R 3.724 -(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)490.046 369.6 S 1.224(/data pair).15 F(.)-.55 E -(The record number of the appended k)158 381.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(/data pair is returned in the).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y)-.2 E F0(structure.)2.5 -E(R_IBEFORE)133 398.4 Q 1.343 -(Insert the data immediately before the data referenced by)158 410.4 R F2 -.1 -(ke)3.844 G(y)-.2 E F0 3.844(,c).32 G 1.344(reating a ne)424.874 410.4 R 3.844 -(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)489.926 410.4 S 1.344(/data pair).15 F(.)-.55 E -(The record number of the inserted k)158 422.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(/data pair is returned in the).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y)-.2 E F0(structure.)2.5 -E(R_SETCURSOR)133 439.2 Q(Store the k)158 451.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(/data pair).15 -E 2.5(,s)-.4 G -(etting or initializing the position of the cursor to reference it.)256.5 451.2 -Q 9.17(seq The)108 468 R F2(seq)2.5 E F0(function tak)2.5 E(es the follo)-.1 E -(wing additional \215ags:)-.25 E(R_LAST)133 484.8 Q .04(The last k)158 496.8 R --.15(ey)-.1 G .04(/data pair of the database is returned, and the cursor is se\ -t or initialized to reference).15 F(it.)158 508.8 Q(R_PREV)133 525.6 Q(Retrie) -158 537.6 Q .59 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .29(he k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .29 -(/data pair immediately before the cursor).15 F 5.29(.I)-.55 G 2.79(ft)395.73 -537.6 S .29(he cursor is not yet set, this is the)404.63 537.6 R -(same as the R_LAST \215ag.)158 549.6 Q .749 -(If the database \214le is a character special \214le and no complete k)133 -566.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .748(/data pairs are currently a).15 F -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable,).25 E(the)133 578.4 Q F2(seq)2.5 E F0(function returns 2.)2.5 E 4.17 -(sync The)108 595.2 R F2(sync)2.5 E F0(function tak)2.5 E(es the follo)-.1 E -(wing additional \215ag:)-.25 E(R_RECNOSYNC)133 612 Q .643 -(This \215ag causes the)158 624 R F2(sync)3.143 E F0 .644 -(function to apply to the btree \214le which underlies the recno \214le, not) -3.143 F .09(the recno \214le itself.)158 636 R .09(\(See the)5.09 F F2(bfname) -2.59 E F0 .09(\214eld of RECNOINFO structure, abo)2.59 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.59 -(,f).15 G .09(or more informa-)470.95 636 R(tion.\))158 648 Q F1(ERR)72 664.8 Q -(ORS)-.27 E F0(The)108 676.8 Q F2 -.37(re)3.731 G(cno).37 E F0 1.231 -(access method functions may f)3.731 F 1.231(ail and set)-.1 F F2(errno)3.731 E -F0 1.231(for an)3.731 F 3.731(yo)-.15 G 3.731(ft)392.652 676.8 S 1.231 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library)402.493 676.8 R(function)108 688.8 Q F2 -(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\) or the follo).24 E(wing:)-.25 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele) --.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E -(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 24 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 111.23(DB_RECNO\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 111.23(anual DB_RECNO\(3\))340.17 48 R([EINV)108 84 Q(AL])-1.35 E -(An attempt w)133 96 Q(as made to add a record to a \214x)-.1 E -(ed-length database that w)-.15 E(as too lar)-.1 E(ge to \214t.)-.18 E/F1 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(db_btr)108 124.8 Q -(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F2(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F2(db_loc)2.5 E(k) --.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E F2(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\),).22 E F2(db_mpool)2.5 E -F0(\(3\),).51 E F2(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).24 E F2(db_txn)2.5 E F0(\(3\)).24 E -F2 2.755(Document Pr)108 148.8 R 2.755 -(ocessing in a Relational Database System)-.45 F F0 5.254(,M).32 G 2.754 -(ichael Stonebrak)362.134 148.8 R(er)-.1 E 5.254(,H)-.4 G 2.754(eidi Stettner) -454.062 148.8 R 5.254(,J)-.4 G(oseph)516.67 148.8 Q -(Kalash, Antonin Guttman, Nadene L)108 160.8 Q -(ynn, Memorandum No. UCB/ERL M82/32, May 1982.)-.55 E F1 -.09(BU)72 177.6 S(GS) -.09 E F0(The)108 189.6 Q F2(sync)3.616 E F0(function')3.616 E 3.616(sR)-.55 G -1.116(_RECNOSYNC interf)198.838 189.6 R 1.117 -(ace is a kluge, and will be deleted in a future v)-.1 F 1.117(ersion of the) --.15 F(interf)108 201.6 Q(ace.)-.1 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G -(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 1 25 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_TXN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_TXN\(3\))340.17 48 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(NA)72 -84 S(ME).18 E F0(db_txn \255 transaction management functions)108 96 Q F1 -(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(#include <db)108 124.8 Q(.h>)-.4 E -(#include <db_lock.h>)108 136.8 Q(int)108 160.8 Q(txn_cr)108 172.8 Q -(eate\(const char *path, mode_t mode, u_int maxtxns, u_int \215ags\);)-.18 E -(TXNMGR *)108 196.8 Q(txn_open\(const char *path, DBT *logp, LOCK_T)108 208.8 Q -(ABLE_T *lockp,)-.9 E(int \(*r)158 220.8 Q(eco)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G -(r\)\(DBT *lsn, DBT *log_entry).1 E 2.5(,i)-.55 G(nt isundo\)\);)340.11 220.8 Q -(TXN *)108 244.8 Q(txn_begin\(TXNMGR *txnp\);)108 256.8 Q(int)108 280.8 Q -(txn_commit\(TXN *tid\);)108 292.8 Q(int)108 316.8 Q(txn_pr)108 328.8 Q(epar) --.18 E(e\(TXN *tid\);)-.18 E(int)108 352.8 Q(txn_abort\(TXN *tid\);)108 364.8 Q -(int)108 388.8 Q(txn_close\(TXNMGR *txnp\);)108 400.8 Q(int)108 424.8 Q -(txn_unlink\(const char *path, int f)108 436.8 Q(or)-.25 E(ce\);)-.18 E F1 -(DESCRIPTION)72 453.6 Q F0(speci\214c details of the transaction support.)108 -465.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Db_txn)108 482.4 Q F0 .034 -(is the library interf)2.534 F .034(ace that pro)-.1 F .034 -(vides transaction semantics.)-.15 F .034(Full transaction support is pro)5.034 -F .034(vided by a)-.15 F .722(collection of modules that pro)108 494.4 R .723 -(vide well de\214ned interf)-.15 F .723 -(aces to the services required for transaction process-)-.1 F 3.488(ing. These) -108 506.4 R .988(services are reco)3.488 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .988(ry \(see).15 F -F3(db_lo)3.488 E(g)-.1 E F0 .988(\(3\)\), concurrenc).22 F 3.488(yc)-.15 G .988 -(ontrol \(see)371.864 506.4 R F3(db_loc)3.487 E(k)-.2 E F0 .987 -(\(3\)\), and the manage-).67 F 2.201(ment of shared data \(see)108 518.4 R F3 -(db_mpool)4.701 E F0 4.701(\(3\)\). T).51 F 2.202 -(ransaction semantics can be applied to the access methods)-.35 F(described in) -108 530.4 Q F3(db)2.5 E F0(\(3\) through function call parameters.).23 E .629(\ -The model intended for transactional use \(and that is used by the access meth\ -ods\) is that write-ahead log-)108 547.2 R .047(ging is pro)108 559.2 R .047 -(vided by)-.15 F F3(db_lo)2.547 E(g)-.1 E F0 .047 -(\(3\) to record both before- and after).22 F .048(-image logging.)-.2 F .048 -(Locking follo)5.048 F .048(ws a tw)-.25 F(o-phase)-.1 E -(protocol and is implemented by)108 571.2 Q F3(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\).) -.67 E .549(The function)108 588 R F3(txn_cr)3.049 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .549 -(creates and initializes the transaction re)3.049 F .548 -(gion identi\214ed by the)-.15 F F3(path)3.048 E F0(directory)3.048 E 5.548(.T) --.65 G(his)528.33 588 Q .572(directory must already e)108 600 R .572(xist when) --.15 F F3(txn_cr)3.072 E(eate)-.37 E F0 .572(is called.)3.072 F .572 -(If the transaction re)5.572 F .572(gion identi\214ed by)-.15 F F3(path)3.072 E -F0(already)3.072 E -.15(ex)108 612 S 1.78(ists, then).15 F F3(txn_cr)4.28 E -(eate)-.37 E F0 1.78(returns success without further action.)4.28 F 1.78 -(The \214les associated with the transaction)6.78 F(re)108 624 Q .293 -(gion are created in the directory speci\214ed by)-.15 F F3(path)2.793 E F0 -5.293(.\().28 G .293(The group of the created \214les is based on the system) -327.657 624 R .781(and directory def)108 636 R .781 -(aults, and is not further speci\214ed by)-.1 F F3(txn_cr)3.281 E(eate)-.37 E -F0 3.281(.\) All).18 F .78(\214les created by)3.28 F F3(txn_cr)3.28 E(eate)-.37 -E F0 .78(are cre-)3.28 F .048(ated with mode)108 648 R F3(mode)2.548 E F0 .049 -(\(as described in)2.548 F F3 -.15(ch)2.549 G(mod).15 E F0 .049 -(\(2\)\) and modi\214ed by the process' umask v).77 F .049(alue \(see)-.25 F F3 -(umask)2.549 E F0(\(2\)\).).67 E(An)108 660 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)132.57 660 -Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(ssociated log and lock re)175.23 660 Q -(gions are created as well \(see)-.15 E F3(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\) and).22 -E F3(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\)\).).67 E(The)108 676.8 Q F3(maxtxns)4.191 E -F0(ar)4.191 E 1.691(gument speci\214es the maximum number of simultaneous tran\ -sactions that are supported.)-.18 F .229 -(This bounds the size of backing \214les and is used to deri)108 688.8 R .529 --.15(ve l)-.25 H .229(imits for the size of the lock re).15 F .229 -(gion and log\214les.)-.15 F(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib) -132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(1)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 2 26 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_TXN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_TXN\(3\))340.17 48 R(When there are more than)108 84 -Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(maxtxns)2.5 E F0(concurrent transactions, calls to) -2.5 E F1(txn_be)2.5 E(gin)-.4 E F0(may f)2.5 E(ail.)-.1 E(Def)108 100.8 Q .847 -(ault locking and logging protocols are pro)-.1 F .846 -(vided only if the backing \214les e)-.15 F 3.346(xist. If)-.15 F .846 -(the backing \214les do)3.346 F 1.433(not e)108 112.8 R 1.433(xist, the)-.15 F -F1<8d61>3.933 E(gs)-.1 E F0 1.434 -(parameter must indicate both a logging mode and locking mode speci\214ed by) -3.933 F F1(or)3.934 E F0('ing).73 E(together at most one \215ag from each of t\ -he TXN_LOCK and TXN_LOG classes as follo)108 124.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E(TXN_LOCK_2PL) -108 141.6 Q(Use tw)133 153.6 Q(o-phase locking.)-.1 E(TXN_LOCK_OPTIMISTIC)108 -170.4 Q(Use optimistic locking \(not currently implemented\).)133 182.4 Q -(TXN_LOG_REDO)108 199.2 Q(Pro)133 211.2 Q -(vide redo-only logging \(not currently implemented\).)-.15 E(TXN_LOG_UNDO)108 -228 Q(Pro)133 240 Q(vide undo-only logging \(not currently implemented\).)-.15 -E(TXN_LOG_UNDOREDO)108 256.8 Q(Pro)133 268.8 Q -(vide undo/redo write-ahead logging.)-.15 E(The function)108 285.6 Q F1(txn_cr) -2.5 E(eate)-.37 E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E -F0 2.5(,a).18 G(nd 0 on success.)351.83 285.6 Q 1.892(The function)108 302.4 R -F1(txn_open)4.392 E F0 1.892(returns a pointer to the transaction re)4.392 F -1.892(gion identi\214ed by)-.15 F F1(path)4.392 E F0 4.392(,w).28 G 1.892 -(hich must ha)476.016 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .239 -(already been created by a call to)108 314.4 R F1(txn_cr)2.739 E(eate)-.37 E F0 -5.239(.T).18 G .239(he process must ha)296.88 314.4 R .539 -.15(ve p)-.2 H .239 -(ermission to read and write \214les with).15 F -.25(ow)108 326.4 S .327 -(ners, groups and permissions as described for).25 F F1(txn_cr)2.826 E(eate) --.37 E F0 5.326(.T).18 G(he)362.624 326.4 Q F1(txn_open)2.826 E F0 .326 -(function returns NULL on f)2.826 F(ail-)-.1 E(ure, setting)108 338.4 Q F1 -(errno)2.5 E F0(.).18 E(The)108 355.2 Q F1 -.37(re)3.181 G(co).37 E(ver)-.1 E -F0(ar)3.181 E .681(gument speci\214es a function that is called by)-.18 F F1 -(txn_abort)3.181 E F0 .682(during transaction abort.)3.182 F .682(This func-) -5.682 F(tion tak)108 367.2 Q(es three ar)-.1 E(guments:)-.18 E 10.83(lsn A)108 -384 R(log sequence number \(LSN\).)2.5 E(log_entry)108 400.8 Q 2.5(Al)133 412.8 -S(og record.)145.5 412.8 Q(isundo)108 429.6 Q(An undo \215ag set to 0 if the o\ -peration is a redo and set to 1 if the operation an undo.)133 441.6 Q 1.498 -(As discussed in the)108 458.4 R F1(db_lo)3.998 E 3.998(g\()-.1 G(3\))228.44 -458.4 Q F0 1.497(manual page, the application is responsible for pro)3.997 F -1.497(viding an)-.15 F 3.997(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)506.13 458.4 Q .486 -(structure to the log record.)108 470.4 R -.15(Fo)5.486 G 2.986(re).15 G .487 -(xample, the application must understand what part of the log record is an) -242.256 470.4 R(operation code, what part is redo information, and what part i\ -s undo information.)108 482.4 Q(The)108 499.2 Q F1(txn_be)2.785 E(gin)-.4 E F0 -.285(function creates a ne)2.785 F 2.784(wt)-.25 G .284 -(ransaction in the designated transaction manager)264.018 499.2 R 2.784(,r)-.4 -G .284(eturning a pointer)468.332 499.2 R -(to a TXN that uniquely identi\214es it.)108 511.2 Q(The)108 528 Q F1 -(txn_commit)2.615 E F0 .115(function ends the transaction speci\214ed by the) -2.615 F F1(tid)2.615 E F0(ar)2.615 E 2.615(gument. An)-.18 F 2.615(yl)-.15 G -.115(ocks held by the transac-)440.12 528 R(tion are released.)108 540 Q -(If logging is enabled, a commit log record is written and \215ushed to disk.)5 -E(The)108 556.8 Q F1(txn_abort)2.889 E F0 .389 -(function causes an abnormal termination of the transaction.)2.889 F .388 -(If logging is enabled, the log is)5.389 F 2.312(played backw)108 568.8 R 2.312 -(ards and an)-.1 F 4.812(yr)-.15 G(eco)228.628 568.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.312 -(ry operations are initiated through the).15 F F1 -.37(re)4.813 G(co).37 E(ver) --.1 E F0 2.313(function speci\214ed to)4.813 F F1(txn_open)108 580.8 Q F0 5(.A) -.24 G(fter reco)159.62 580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -(ry is completed, all locks held by the transaction are released.).15 E(The)108 -597.6 Q F1(txn_close)3.824 E F0 1.323 -(function detaches a process from the transaction en)3.823 F 1.323 -(vironment speci\214ed by the TXNMGR)-.4 F(pointer)108 609.6 Q 5.261(.A)-.55 G -.261(ll mapped re)150.761 609.6 R .261(gions are unmapped and an)-.15 F 2.761 -(ya)-.15 G .262(llocated resources are freed.)323.638 609.6 R(An)5.262 E 2.762 -(yu)-.15 G .262(ncommitted trans-)466.688 609.6 R(actions are aborted.)108 -621.6 Q .69(The function)108 638.4 R F1(txn_unlink)3.19 E F0(destro)3.19 E .69 -(ys the transaction re)-.1 F .69(gion identi\214ed by the directory)-.15 F F1 -(path)3.19 E F0 3.19(,r).28 G(emo)472.1 638.4 Q .69(ving all \214les)-.15 F -1.78(used to implement the transaction re)108 650.4 R 4.28(gion. \(The)-.15 F -(directory)4.28 E F1(path)4.28 E F0 1.78(is not remo)4.28 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.28 -(d.\) If).15 F 1.78(there are processes)4.28 F .553(which ha)108 662.4 R .853 --.15(ve c)-.2 H(alled).15 E F1(txn_open)3.052 E F0 .552(without calling)3.052 F -F1(txn_close)3.052 E F0 .552 -(\(i.e., there are processes currently using the transac-)3.052 F .135(tion re) -108 674.4 R(gion\),)-.15 E F1(txn_unlink)2.635 E F0 .135(will f)2.635 F .135 -(ail without further action, unless the force \215ag is set, in which case)-.1 -F F1(txn_unlink)2.636 E F0 1.67(will attempt to delete the transaction re)108 -686.4 R 1.67(gion \214les re)-.15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.67(rdless of an).05 F 4.17 -(yp)-.15 G 1.67(rocesses still using the transaction)397.22 686.4 R(4.4 Berk)72 -732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F -(1, 1995)2.5 E(2)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 3 27 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_TXN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_TXN\(3\))340.17 48 R(re)108 84 Q 2.996(gion. An)-.15 -F 2.996(ya)-.15 G .496(ccesses to a remo)165.902 84 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.997(dt) -.15 G .497(ransaction re)257.007 84 R .497(gion will lik)-.15 F .497 -(ely result in une)-.1 F .497(xpected beha)-.15 F(vior)-.2 E 5.497(.T)-.55 G -.497(he func-)506.463 84 R(tion)108 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(txn_unlink)2.5 -E F0(returns -1 on f)2.5 E(ailure, setting)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).18 G -(nd 0 on success.)316.39 96 Q .51(In the case of catastrophic or system f)108 -112.8 R .51(ailure, it is possible to clean up a transaction re)-.1 F .51 -(gion by remo)-.15 F .51(ving all)-.15 F .34 -(of the \214les in the directory speci\214ed to the)108 124.8 R F1(txn_cr)2.841 -E(eate)-.37 E F0 .341(function, as transaction re)2.841 F .341 -(gion \214les are ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.841(rc).15 G(reated)515.57 124.8 Q -(in an)108 136.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(irectory other than the one speci\214ed to) -140.07 136.8 Q F1(txn_cr)2.5 E(eate)-.37 E F0(.).18 E(The)108 153.6 Q F1 -(txn_pr)3.42 E(epar)-.37 E(e)-.37 E F0 .92(function initiates the be)3.42 F -.919(ginning of a tw)-.15 F 3.419(op)-.1 G .919(hase commit.)352.206 153.6 R -.919(In a distrib)5.919 F .919(uted transaction, the)-.2 F .185 -(prepare directi)108 165.6 R .485 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .185 -(hould be issued to all participating transaction managers.).15 F .185 -(Each manager must tak)5.185 F 2.685(ew)-.1 G(hat-)524.45 165.6 Q -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)108 177.6 T 2.5(ra).25 G -(ction is necessary to guarantee that a future call to)131.75 177.6 Q F1 -(txn_commit)2.5 E F0(on the speci\214ed)2.5 E F1(tid)2.5 E F0(will succeed.)2.5 -E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SYSTEM INTEGRA)72 194.4 Q(TION)-.855 E F0 .28 -(This model can be applied to data bases other than the pro)108 206.4 R .279 -(vided access methods.)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.279 G 2.779(re).15 G .279 -(xample, consider an)459.182 206.4 R .15(application that pro)108 218.4 R .15 -(vides transaction semantics to data stored in re)-.15 F .15 -(gular \214les accessed using the)-.15 F F1 -.37(re)2.65 G(ad).37 E F0 .15 -(\(2\) and).77 F F1(write)108 230.4 Q F0 .708(\(2\) system calls.).18 F .707 -(The operations for which transaction protection is desired are brack)5.708 F -.707(eted by calls to)-.1 F F1(txn_be)108 242.4 Q(gin)-.4 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 -(txn_commit)2.5 E F0(.).68 E .606 -(Before data are referenced, a call is made to the lock manager)108 259.2 R(,) --.4 E F1(db_loc)3.106 E(k)-.2 E F0 3.106(,f).67 G .606 -(or a lock of the appropriate type)408.064 259.2 R .719 -(\(e.g. read\) on the object being lock)108 271.2 R 3.218(ed. The)-.1 F .718 -(object might be a page in the \214le, a byte, a range of bytes, or)3.218 F -.572(some k)108 283.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.572(.B)-.5 G .573 -(efore a write is performed, the application mak)160.464 283.2 R .573 -(es a call to the log manager)-.1 F(,)-.4 E F1(db_lo)3.073 E(g)-.1 E F0 3.073 -(,t).22 G 3.073(or)506.387 283.2 S(ecord)517.79 283.2 Q .522 -(enough information to redo the operation in case of f)108 295.2 R .522 -(ailure after commit and to undo the operation in case)-.1 F .609(of abort.)108 -307.2 R .609 -(After the log message is written, the write system calls are issued.)5.609 F -.61(After all requests are issued,)5.61 F .518(the application calls)108 319.2 -R F1(txn_commit)3.017 E F0 5.517(.W).68 G(hen)256.84 319.2 Q F1(txn_commit) -3.017 E F0 .517(returns, the caller is guaranteed that all necessary log)3.017 -F(writes ha)108 331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een written to disk.).15 E 1.081 -(At an)108 348 R 3.581(yt)-.15 G 1.081(ime, the application may call)142.232 -348 R F1(txn_abort)3.581 E F0 3.581(,w).68 G 1.081 -(hich will result in the appropriate calls to the)318.828 348 R F1 -.37(re) -3.582 G(co).37 E(ver)-.1 E F0 .278(routine to restore the `)108 360 R -(`database')-.74 E 2.778('t)-.74 G 2.778(oac)246.48 360 S .278 -(onsistent pre-transaction state.)265.916 360 R .277(\(The reco)5.277 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.777(rr).15 G .277(outine must be able to)450.562 360 R -(either reapply or undo the update depending on the conte)108 372 Q -(xt, for each dif)-.15 E(ferent type of log record.\))-.25 E .746 -(If the application should crash, the reco)108 388.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .746 -(ry process uses the).15 F F1(db_lo)3.246 E(g)-.1 E F0(interf)3.246 E .746 -(ace to read the log and call the)-.1 F F1 -.37(re)108 400.8 S(co).37 E(ver)-.1 -E F0(routine to restore the database to a consistent state.)2.5 E(The)108 417.6 -Q F1(txn_pr)3.098 E(epar)-.37 E(e)-.37 E F0 .598(function pro)3.098 F .598 -(vides the core functionality to implement distrib)-.15 F .597 -(uted transactions, b)-.2 F .597(ut it does)-.2 F .36 -(not actually manage the noti\214cation of distrib)108 429.6 R .36 -(uted transaction managers.)-.2 F .36(The caller is responsible for issu-)5.36 -F(ing)108 441.6 Q F1(txn_pr)2.82 E(epar)-.37 E(e)-.37 E F0 .32 -(calls to all sites participating in the transaction.)2.82 F .319 -(If all responses are positi)5.319 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.819(,t).15 G .319 -(he caller can)488.832 441.6 R .822(issue a)108 453.6 R F1(txn_commit)3.322 E -F0 5.822(.I).68 G 3.322(fa)198.076 453.6 S 1.122 -.15(ny o)209.168 453.6 T -3.322(ft).15 G .822(he responses are ne)236.772 453.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.322(,t).15 G .823(he caller should issue a)349.15 453.6 R F1 -(txn_abort)3.323 E F0 5.823(.I).68 G 3.323(ng)499.747 453.6 S(eneral,)513.07 -453.6 Q(the)108 465.6 Q F1(txn_pr)2.5 E(epar)-.37 E(e)-.37 E F0 -(call requires that the transaction log be \215ushed to disk.)2.5 E .821 -(The structure of the transaction support allo)108 482.4 R .821 -(ws application designers to trade of)-.25 F 3.32(fp)-.25 G .82 -(erformance and protec-)445.07 482.4 R 3.948(tion. Since)108 494.4 R 1.448 -(DB manages man)3.948 F 3.948(ys)-.15 G 1.448(tructures in shared memory)245.36 -494.4 R 3.948(,i)-.65 G 1.448(ts information is subject to corruption by) -367.982 494.4 R 1.306(applications when the library is link)108 506.4 R 1.306 -(ed directly with the application.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.306 G 3.805(rt).15 G 1.305 -(his reason, DB is designed to)416.815 506.4 R(allo)108 518.4 Q 3.367(wc)-.25 G -.867(ompilation into a separate serv)137.777 518.4 R .868 -(er process that may be accessed via a sock)-.15 F .868(et interf)-.1 F 3.368 -(ace. In)-.1 F .868(this w)3.368 F(ay)-.1 E(DB')108 530.4 Q 2.828(sd)-.55 G -.328(ata structures are protected from application code, b)136.388 530.4 R .328 -(ut communication o)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .327(rhead is increased.).15 F(When) -5.327 E(applications are trusted, DB may be compiled directly into the applica\ -tion for increased performance.)108 542.4 Q F2(ERR)72 559.2 Q(ORS)-.27 E F0 -(The)108 571.2 Q F1(txn_cr)4.113 E(eate)-.37 E F0 1.613(function may f)4.113 F -1.613(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.113 E F0 1.614(for an)4.113 F 4.114(yo)-.15 -G 4.114(ft)349.022 571.2 S 1.614 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)359.246 571.2 R F1(open)108 -583.2 Q F0(\(2\),).24 E F1(write)2.5 E F0(\(2\),).18 E F1(malloc)2.5 E F0 -(\(3\),).31 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_cr)-.2 E(eate)-.37 E F0(\(3\), and).18 E F1(lo)2.5 -E(g_cr)-.1 E(eate)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).18 E(The)108 600 Q F1(txn_open)2.509 E F0 -.009(function may f)2.509 F .009(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)2.508 E F0 .008 -(to an)2.508 F 2.508(yo)-.15 G 2.508(ft)323.916 600 S .008 -(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)332.534 600 R F1(open)2.508 E -F0(\(2\),).24 E F1(write)108 612 Q F0(\(2\),).18 E F1(malloc)2.5 E F0(\(3\),) -.31 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_open)-.2 E F0(\(3\), and).24 E F1(lo)2.5 E(g_open)-.1 E F0 -(\(3\).).24 E(The)108 628.8 Q F1(txn_be)2.671 E(gin)-.4 E F0 .171 -(function may f)2.671 F .171(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)2.671 E F0 .171 -(to ENOSPC indicating that the maximum number of concur)2.671 F(-)-.2 E -(rent transactions has been reached.)108 640.8 Q(The)108 657.6 Q F1(txn_commit) -2.5 E F0(function may f)2.5 E(ail and set)-.1 E F1(errno)2.5 E F0(to EINV)2.5 E -(AL indicating that the transaction w)-1.35 E(as aborted.)-.1 E(The)108 674.4 Q -F1(txn_close)4.582 E F0 2.082(function may f)4.582 F 2.081(ail and set)-.1 F F1 -(errno)4.581 E F0 2.081(to an)4.581 F 4.581(yo)-.15 G 4.581(ft)345.753 674.4 S -2.081(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)356.444 674.4 R F1(close) -108 686.4 Q F0(\(2\),).18 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(ad).37 E F0(\(2\),).77 E F1(write) -2.5 E F0(\(2\),).18 E F1(fr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1(fsync)2.5 E F0 -(\(2\),).31 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_close)-.2 E F0(\(3\) or).18 E F1(lo)2.5 E(g_close) --.1 E F0(\(3\).).18 E(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 -732 Q 99.315(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(3)535 732 Q EP -%%Page: 4 28 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 124.57(DB_TXN\(3\) BSD)72 48 R(Programmer')2.5 E 2.5 -(sM)-.55 G 124.57(anual DB_TXN\(3\))340.17 48 R(The)108 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(txn_unlink)4.319 E F0 1.819(function may f)4.319 F 1.819 -(ail and set)-.1 F F1(errno)4.319 E F0 1.819(to an)4.319 F 4.319(yo)-.15 G 4.32 -(ft)347.58 84 S 1.82(he errors speci\214ed for the library functions)358.01 84 -R F1(unlink)108 96 Q F0(\(2\),).67 E F1(loc)2.5 E(k_unlink)-.2 E F0(\(3\), and) -.67 E F1(lo)2.5 E(g_unlink)-.1 E F0(\(3\), or the follo).67 E(wing:)-.25 E([EB) -108 112.8 Q(USY])-.1 E(The transaction re)133 124.8 Q(gion w)-.15 E -(as in use and the force \215ag w)-.1 E(as not set.)-.1 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(SEE ALSO)72 141.6 Q F1(db_btr)108 153.6 Q(ee)-.37 E F0(\(3\),).18 E F1 -(db_hash)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).28 E F1(db_loc)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(\(3\),).67 E F1 -(db_lo)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(\(3\),).22 E F1(db_mpool)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).51 E F1 -(db_open)2.5 E F0(\(3\),).24 E F1(db_r)2.5 E(ecno)-.37 E F0(\(3\)).18 E F1 .904 -(LIBTP: P)108 177.6 R(ortable)-.8 E 3.404(,M)-.1 G .904(odular T)189.738 177.6 -R -.15(ra)-.55 G .904(nsactions for UNIX).15 F F0 3.404(,M).94 G(ar)328.884 -177.6 Q .904(go Seltzer)-.18 F 3.403(,M)-.4 G .903 -(ichael Olson, USENIX proceedings,)392.041 177.6 R -.4(Wi)108 189.6 S -(nter 1992.).4 E F2 -.09(BU)72 206.4 S(GS).09 E F0(The)108 218.4 Q F1(maxtxns) -2.792 E F0 .292(parameter is a kluge, and should be deleted in f)2.792 F -.2 -(avo)-.1 G 2.793(ro).2 G 2.793(fd)378.448 218.4 S .293(ynamically e)389.571 -218.4 R .293(xpanding the transaction)-.15 F(re)108 230.4 Q(gion.)-.15 E -(4.4 Berk)72 732 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yD)-.15 G(istrib)132.57 732 Q 99.315 -(ution August)-.2 F(1, 1995)2.5 E(4)535 732 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_btree.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_btree.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 25e289f3cd..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_btree.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,246 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_btree.3 8.11 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_BTREE 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_btree \- btree database access method -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -specific details of the btree access method. -.PP -The btree data structure is a sorted, balanced tree structure storing -associated key/data pairs. -Searches, insertions, and deletions in the btree will all complete in -O lg base N where base is the average fill factor. -Often, inserting ordered data into btrees results in a low fill factor. -This implementation has been modified to make ordered insertion the best -case, resulting in a much better than normal page fill factor. -.SH "ACCESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMATION" -The btree access method specific data structure provided to -.I db_open -is typedef'd and named BTREEINFO. -A BTREEINFO structure has at least the following fields, -which may be initialized before calling -.IR db_open : -.TP 5 -u_int cachesize; -A suggested maximum size (in bytes) of the memory cache. -This value is -.B only -advisory, and the access method will allocate more memory rather than fail. -Since every search examines the root page of the tree, caching the most -recently used pages substantially improves access time. -In addition, physical writes are delayed as long as possible, so a moderate -cache can reduce the number of I/O operations significantly. -Obviously, using a cache increases (but only increases) the likelihood of -corruption or lost data if the system crashes while a tree is being modified. -If -.I cachesize -is 0 (no size is specified) a default cache is used. -.TP 5 -int (*compare)(const DBT *, const DBT *); -Compare is the key comparison function. -It must return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the -first key argument is considered to be respectively less than, equal to, -or greater than the second key argument. -The same comparison function must be used on a given tree every time it -is opened. -If -.I compare -is NULL (no comparison function is specified), the keys are compared -lexically, with shorter keys considered less than longer keys. -.TP 5 -u_long flags; -The flag value is specified by -.IR or 'ing -any of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_DUP -Permit duplicate keys in the tree, i.e. permit insertion if the key to be -inserted already exists in the tree. -The default behavior, as described in -.IR db_open (3), -is to overwrite a matching key when inserting a new key or to fail if -the R_NOOVERWRITE flag is specified. -The R_DUP flag is overridden by the R_NOOVERWRITE flag, and if the -R_NOOVERWRITE flag is specified, attempts to insert duplicate keys into -the tree will fail. -.IP -If the database contains duplicate keys, the order of retrieval of -key/data pairs is undefined if the -.I get -function is used, however, -.I seq -function calls with the R_CURSOR flag set will always return the logical -``first'' of any group of duplicate keys. -.RE -.TP 5 -int lorder; -The byte order for integers in the stored database metadata. -The number should represent the order as an integer; for example, -big endian order would be the number 4,321. -If -.I lorder -is 0 (no order is specified) the current host order is used. -.TP 5 -int maxkeypage; -The maximum number of keys which will be stored on any single page. -This functionality is not currently implemented. -.\" The maximum number of keys which will be stored on any single page. -.\" Because of the way the btree data structure works, -.\" .I maxkeypage -.\" must always be greater than or equal to 2. -.\" If -.\" .I maxkeypage -.\" is 0 (no maximum number of keys is specified) the page fill factor is -.\" made as large as possible (which is almost invariably what is wanted). -.TP 5 -int minkeypage; -The minimum number of keys which will be stored on any single page. -This value is used to determine which keys will be stored on overflow -pages, i.e. if a key or data item is longer than the pagesize divided -by the minkeypage value, it will be stored on overflow pages instead -of in the page itself. -If -.I minkeypage -is 0 (no minimum number of keys is specified) a value of 2 is used. -.TP 5 -size_t (*prefix)(const DBT *, const DBT *); -Prefix is the prefix comparison function. -If specified, this function must return the number of bytes of the second key -argument which are necessary to determine that it is greater than the first -key argument. -If the keys are equal, the key length should be returned. -Note, the usefulness of this function is very data dependent, but, in some -data sets can produce significantly reduced tree sizes and search times. -If -.I prefix -is NULL (no prefix function is specified), -.B and -no comparison function is specified, a default lexical comparison function -is used. -If -.I prefix -is NULL and a comparison function is specified, no prefix comparison is -done. -.TP 5 -u_int psize; -Page size is the size (in bytes) of the pages used for nodes in the tree. -The minimum page size is 512 bytes and the maximum page size is 64K. -If -.I psize -is 0 (no page size is specified) a page size is chosen based on the -underlying file system I/O block size. -.PP -If the file already exists (and the O_TRUNC flag is not specified), the -values specified for the parameters flags, lorder and psize are ignored -in favor of the values used when the tree was created. -.SH "DB OPERATIONS" -The functions returned by -.I db_open -for the btree access method are as described in -.IR db_open (3), -with the following exceptions and additions: -.TP 5 -type -The type is DB_BTREE. -.TP 5 -del -Space freed up by deleting key/data pairs from the tree is never reclaimed, -although it is reused where possible. -This means that the btree storage structure is grow-only. -The only solutions are to avoid excessive deletions, or to create a fresh -tree periodically from a scan of an existing one. -.TP 5 -put -The -.I put -function takes the following additional flags: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_SETCURSOR -Store the key/data pair, setting or initializing the position of the -cursor to reference it. -.RE -.TP 5 -seq -Forward sequential scans of a tree are from the least key to the greatest. -.IP -The returned key for the -.I seq -function is not necessarily an exact match for the specified key in -the btree access method. -The returned key is the smallest key greater than or equal to the -specified key, permitting partial key matches and range searches. -.IP -The -.I seq -function takes the following additional flags: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_LAST -The last key/data pair of the database is returned, and the cursor -is set or initialized to reference it. -.TP 5 -R_PREV -Retrieve the key/data pair immediately before the cursor. -If the cursor is not yet set, this is the same as the R_LAST flag. -.RE -.SH ERRORS -The -.I btree -access method functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR db_open (3). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) -.sp -.IR "The Ubiquitous B-tree" , -Douglas Comer, ACM Comput. Surv. 11, 2 (June 1979), 121-138. -.sp -.IR "Prefix B-trees" , -Bayer and Unterauer, ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 2, 1 -(March 1977), 11-26. -.sp -.IR "The Art of Computer Programming Vol. 3: Sorting and Searching" , -D.E. Knuth, 1968, pp 471-480. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_hash.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_hash.3 deleted file mode 100644 index adb88fca7c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_hash.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,138 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_hash.3 8.13 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_HASH 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_hash \- hash database access method -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -specific details of the hashing access method. -.PP -The hash data structure is an extensible, dynamic hashing scheme. -Backward compatible interfaces to the functions described in -.IR dbm (3), -and -.IR ndbm (3) -are provided, however these interfaces are not compatible with -previous file formats. -.SH "ACCESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMATION" -The hash access method specific data structure provided to -.I db_open -is typedef'd and named HASHINFO. -A HASHINFO structure has at least the following fields, -which may be initialized before calling -.IR db_open : -.TP 5 -u_int bsize; -.I Bsize -defines the hash table bucket size, and is, by default, 256 bytes. -It may be preferable to increase the page size for disk-resident tables -and tables with large data items. -.TP 5 -u_int cachesize; -A suggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache. -This value is -.B only -advisory, and the access method will allocate more memory rather -than fail. -.TP 5 -u_int ffactor; -.I Ffactor -indicates a desired density within the hash table. -It is an approximation of the number of keys allowed to accumulate in any -one bucket, determining when the hash table grows or shrinks. -The default value is 8. -.TP 5 -u_int32_t (*hash)(const void *, size_t); -.I Hash -is a user defined hash function. -Since no hash function performs equally well on all possible data, the -user may find that the built-in hash function does poorly on a particular -data set. -User specified hash functions must take two arguments (a pointer to a byte -string and a length) and return a 32-bit quantity to be used as the hash -value. -.IP -If a hash function is specified, -.I hash_open -will attempt to determine if the hash function specified is the same as -the one with which the database was created, and will fail if it is not. -.TP 5 -int lorder; -The byte order for integers in the stored database metadata. -The number should represent the order as an integer; for example, -big endian order would be the number 4,321. -If -.I lorder -is 0 (no order is specified) the current host order is used. -If the file already exists, the specified value is ignored and the -value specified when the tree was created is used. -.TP 5 -u_int nelem; -.I Nelem -is an estimate of the final size of the hash table. -If not set or set too low, hash tables will expand gracefully as keys -are entered, although a slight performance degradation may be noticed. -The default value is 1. -.PP -If the file already exists (and the O_TRUNC flag is not specified), the -values specified for the parameters bsize, ffactor, lorder and nelem are -ignored and the values specified when the tree was created are used. -.SH "DB OPERATIONS" -The functions returned by -.I db_open -for the hash access method are as described in -.IR db_open (3). -.SH ERRORS -The -.I hash -access method functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR db_open (3). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) -.sp -.IR "Dynamic Hash Tables" , -Per-Ake Larson, Communications of the ACM, April 1988. -.sp -.IR "A New Hash Package for UNIX" , -Margo Seltzer, USENIX Proceedings, Winter 1991. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_lock.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_lock.3 deleted file mode 100644 index b18a38c60c..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_lock.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,462 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_lock.3 8.14 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_LOCK 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_lock \- general purpose lock manager -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include <db_lock.h> - -int -lock_create(const char *path, mode_t mode, -.ti +5 -int lock_modes, const int8_t conflicts[][], u_int maxlocks); - -LOCK_TABLE_T * -lock_open(const char *path); - -int -lock_vec(LOCK_TABLE_T *lt, DBT *locker, struct timespec *timeout, -.ti +5 -LOCK_REQ_T list[], int nlist, LOCK_REQ_T **elistp, DBT *conflict); - -int -lock_get(LOCK_TABLE_T *lt, const DBT *locker, -.ti +5 -const DBT *obj, const lock_mode_t lock_mode, LOCK_T **lockp); - -int -lock_put(LOCK_T *lockp); - -int -lock_close(LOCK_TABLE_T *lt); - -int -lock_unlink(const char *path, int force); -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -specific details of the locking interface. -.PP -.I Db_lock -is the library interface intended to provide general-purpose locking. -While designed to work with the other DB functions, these functions are -also useful for more general locking purposes. -Locks can be shared between processes. -.PP -.CR "lock table" lock -.PP -The parameter -.I lock_modes -is the number of lock modes to be recognized by the lock table -(including the ``not-granted'' mode). -The parameter -.I conflicts -is an -.I lock_modes -by -.I lock_modes -array. -A non-0 value for: -.sp -.ti +5 -conflicts[requested_mode][held_mode] -.sp -indicates that -.I requested_mode -and -.I held_mode -conflict. -The ``not-granted'' mode must be represented by 0. -.PP -The include file <db_lock.h> declares two commonly used conflict arrays: -.TP 5 -int lock_sx_n; -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -const int8_t lock_sx_c[lock_sx_n][lock_sx_n]; -These variables specify a conflict array -for a simple scheme using shared and exclusive lock modes. -.TP 5 -int lock_g_n; -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -const int8_t lock_g_c[lock_g_n][lock_g_n]; -These variables specify a conflict array that involves various intent -lock modes (e.g. intent shared) that are used for multigranularity locking. -.PP -In addition, -<db_lock.h> defines the following macros that name lock modes for use with -the standard tables above: -.RS -.TP 5 -LOCK_IS -intent shared -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -LOCK_IX -intent exclusive -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -LOCK_NG -not granted (always 0) -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -LOCK_S -shared -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -LOCK_SIX -shared/intent exclusive -.br -.ns -.TP 5 -LOCK_X -exclusive -.RE -.PP -.I Maxlocks -is the maximum number of locks to be held or requested in the table, -and is used by -.I lock_create -to estimate how much space to allocate for various lock-table data -structures. -.PP -.RT lock_create -.PP -.OP "lock table" lock -.PP -The function -.I lock_vec -atomically obtains and releases one or more locks from the designated -table. -The function -.I lock_vec -is intended to support acquisition or trading of multiple locks -under one lock table semaphore, as is needed for lock coupling or -in multigranularity locking for lock escalation. -.PP -If any of the requested locks cannot be acquired -or any of the locks to be released cannot be released, -no locks are acquired and no locks are released, and -.I lock_vec -returns an error. -The function -.I lock_vec -returns 0 on success. -If an error occurs, -.I lock_vec -returns one of the following values. -In addition, if -.I elistp -is not NULL, it is set to point to the LOCK_REQ_T entry which -was being processed when the error occurred. -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET_DEADLOCK -The specified -.I locker -was selected as a victim in order to resolve a deadlock. -In this case, if the -.I conflict -argument is non-NULL, it is set to reference the identity of a -locker holding the lock referenced by -.I elistp -at the time the request was denied. -(This identity resides in static memory and may be overwritten by -subsequent calls to -.IR lock_vec ). -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET_ERROR -An error occurred and the external variable -.I errno -has been set to indicate the error. -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET_NOTHELD -The lock cannot be released, as it was not held by the -.IR locker . -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET_RESOURCE -The lock manager is unable to grant the requested locks because of -limited internal resources. -(Releasing locks may allow future calls to -.I lock_vec -to succeed.) -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET_TIMEOUT -A timeout argument was specified, and the requested locks were not -available soon enough. -In this case, if the -.I conflict -argument is non-NULL, it is set to reference the identity of a -locker holding the lock referenced by -.I elistp -at the time the request was denied. -(This identity resides in static memory and may be overwritten by -subsequent calls to -.IR lock_vec ). -.PP -The -.I locker -argument specified to -.I lock_vec -is a pointer to an untyped byte string which identifies the entity -requesting or releasing the lock. -If -.I locker -is NULL, the calling process' pid is used instead. -.PP -The -.I timeout -argument provided to -.I lock_vec -specifies a maximum interval to wait for the locks to be granted. -If -.I timeout -is NULL, it is ignored, and -.I lock_vec -will not return until all of the locks are acquired or an error has -occurred. -.PP -The -.I list -array provided to -.I lock_vec -is typedef'd in <db_lock.h> as LOCK_REQ_T. -A LOCK_REQ_T structure has at least the following fields, -which must be initialized before calling -.IR lock_vec : -.TP 5 -enum lockop op; -The operation to be performed, which must be set to one of the -following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -LOCK_GET -Get a lock, as defined by the values of -.IR locker , -.I obj -and -.IR lock_mode . -Upon return from -.IR lock_vec , -if the -.I lockp -field is non-NULL, a reference to the acquired lock is stored there. -(This reference is invalidated by any call to -.I lock_vec -or -.I lock_put -which releases the lock.) -.TP 5 -LOCK_PUT -The lock referenced by the contents of the -.I lockp -field is released. -.TP 5 -LOCK_PUT_ALL -All locks held by the -.I locker -are released. -(Any locks acquired as a part of the current call to -.I lock_vec -are not considered for this operation). -.TP 5 -LOCK_PUT_OBJ -All locks held by the -.IR locker , -on the object -.IR obj , -with the mode specified by -.IR lock_mode , -are released. -A -.I lock_mode -of LOCK_NG indicates that all locks on the object should be released. -(Any locks acquired as a part of the current call to -.I lock_vec -are not considered for this operation). -.RE -.TP 5 -const DBT obj; -An untyped byte string which specifies the object to be locked or -released. -.TP 5 -const lock_mode_t lock_mode; -The lock mode, used as an index into -.IR lt 's -conflict array. -.TP 5 -LOCK_T **lockp; -A pointer to a pointer to a lock reference. -.PP -The -.I nlist -argument specifies the number of elements in the -.I list -array. -.PP -The function -.I lock_get -is a simple interface to the -.I lock_vec -functionality, and is equivalent to calling the -.I lock_vec -function with the -.I lt -and -.I locker -arguments, NULL -.IR timeout , -.I elistp -and -.I conflict -arguments, and a single element -.I list -array, for which the -.I op -field is LOCK_GET, and the -.IR obj , -.I lock_mode -and -.I lockp -fields are represented by the arguments of the same name. -Note that the type of the -.I obj -argument to -.I lock_get -is different from the -.I obj -element found in the LOCK_REQ_T structure. -The -.I lock_get -function returns success and failure as described for the -.I lock_vec -function. -.PP -The function -.I lock_put -is a simple interface to the -.I lock_vec -functionality, and is equivalent to calling the -.I lock_vec -function with a single element -.I list -array, for which the -.I op -field is LOCK_PUT and the -.I lockp -field is represented by the argument of the same name. -Note that the type of the -.I lockp -argument to -.I lock_put -is different from the -.I lockp -element found in the LOCK_REQ_T structure. -The -.I lock_put -function returns success and failure as described for the -.I lock_vec -function. -.PP -The function -.I lock_close -disassociates the calling process from the lock table -.IR lt , -after releasing all locks held or requested by that process. -.RT lock_close -.PP -.UN "lock table" lock -.SH "ERRORS" -The -.I lock_create -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library routines -.IR mmap (2), -.IR open (2) -and -.IR malloc (3). -.PP -The -.I lock_open -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library routine -.IR mmap (2) -and -.IR open (2). -.PP -The -.I lock_close -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library routine -.IR close (2) -and -.IR munmap (2). -.PP -The -.I lock_unlink -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR unlink (2) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EBUSY] -The lock table was in use and the force flag was not set. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) -.SH BUGS -The -.I maxlocks -parameter is a kluge, and should be deleted in favor of dynamically -expanding the lock table. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_log.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_log.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 34c4d1f5d1..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_log.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,290 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_log.3 8.15 (Berkeley) 8/3/95 -.\" -.TH DB_LOG 3 "August 3, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_log \- log-manager access method -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -specific details of the logging access method. -.PP -These functions provide a general-purpose logging facility sufficient -for transaction management. -Logs can be shared by multiple processes. -.PP -A log is represented by the directory, -.IR "not the file" , -named by the first argument to -.IR db_open (3). -The first argument must be non-NULL, -and the directory must already exist -.I db_open -is called. -In that directory, the log is stored in one or more files named -in the format ``log.YYYY.MM.DD.HH.MM.SS'', where ``YYYY.MM.DD.HH.SS'' -is the approximate creation time of the log file, and is guaranteed -to be unique in the directory. -.PP -The group of the created files is based on the system and directory -defaults, and is not further specified by the log access method. -All files are created with the -.I mode -specified to -.IR db_open , -(as described in -.IR chmod (2)) -and modified by the process' umask value (see -.IR umask (2)). -.PP -The -.I flags -argument to -.I db_open -must be 0 for the -.I db_log -access method. -.SH "ACCESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMATION" -The log access method specific data structure provided to -.I db_open -is typedef'd and named LOGINFO. -A LOGINFO structure has at least the following fields, -which may be initialized before calling -.IR db_open : -.TP 5 -off_t max_file_size; -The maximum size of a single file in the log. -If not specified, the maximum size defaults to an implementation-specific -value. -.TP 5 -int lorder; -The byte order for integers in the stored database metadata. -The number should represent the order as an integer; for example, -big endian order would be the number 4,321. -If -.I lorder -is 0 (no order is specified) the current host order is used. -.PP -If the log already exists, the values specified for the parameters -max_file_size and lorder are ignored in favor of the values used -when the log was created. -.SH "DB OPERATIONS" -The data part of the key/data pair used by the log access method -is the same as for other access methods. -The key is different. -Each log record is identified by a log sequence number (LSN), -which is stored in a DBT, and which is used as the -.I key -for all log functions that take -.I key -arguments. -Applications cannot create LSN's, and all LSN's provided to functions -as arguments must first be retrieved using the -.I put -or -.I seq -functions. -To provide a distinguished value for applications, it is guaranteed that -no valid LSN will ever have a size of 0. -.PP -Applications can compare LSN's using the -.I log_lsn_compare -function (see below). -.PP -Applications can associate LSN's with specific log files. -The function -.I log_lsn_file -(see below), returns the name of the log file containing the -record with a specified LSN. -(The mapping of LSN to file is needed for database administration. -For example, a transaction manager typically records the earliest LSN -needed for restart, and the database administrator may want to archive -log files to tape when they contain only LSN's before the earliest one -needed for restart.) -.PP -Applications can truncate the log file up to a specific LSN using the -.I log_trunc -function (see below). -.PP -The functions returned by -.I db_open -for the log access method are as described in -.IR db_open , -with the following exceptions and additions: -.TP 5 -type -The type is DB_LOG. -.TP 5 -del -The -.I del -function always returns an error for the log-manager access method, -setting -.I errno -to EINVAL. -.TP 5 -int (*log_flush)(const DB *db, const DBT *lsn); -The -.I log_flush -function flushes the log up to and including the log record -.IR lsn . -.RT log_flush -.TP 5 -int (*log_lsn_compare)(const DB *, -.ti +5 -const DBT *lsn1, const DBT *lsn2); -A pointer to a function which is provided to permit applications to -compare LSN's. -The -.I log_lsn_compare -function returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero -if the first LSN is considered to be respectively less than, equal to, -or greater than the second LSN. -.TP 5 -int (*log_lsn_file)(const DB *db, -.ti +5 -const DBT *lsn, char *name); -.br -The -.I log_lsn_file -function stores a pointer to the name of the file containing -.I lsn -in the address referenced by -.IR name. -This pointer is to an internal static object, and subsequent calls to -the same function will modify the same object. -.IP -.RT log_lsn_file -.TP 5 -int (*log_unlink)(const char *path, int force); -The -.I log_unlink -function destroys the log represented by -.IR path . -If the -.I force -parameter is not set to 1 and there are other processes using the -log, then -.I log_unlink -will return -1, setting -.IR errno -to EBUSY. -If -.I force is not set or there are no processes using the log, then all files -used by the log are destroyed. -.I log_unlink -will return -1 on failure, setting -.IR errno , -and 0 on success. -.TP 5 -int (*log_trunc)(const DB *db, const DBT *lsn); -The -.I log_trunc -function truncates the log up to an LSN which is less than -.IR lsn . -.RT log_trunc -.TP 5 -put -A log record containing -.I data -is appended to the log. -Unlike the -.I put -functions for other access methods, the key parameter is not initialized -by the application, instead, the LSN assigned to the data is returned in -the -.I key -parameter. -.IP -The caller is responsible for providing any necessary structure to -.I data . -(For example, in a write-ahead logging protocol, the application must -understand what part of -.I data -is an operation code, what part is redo information, and what part is -undo information. -In addition, most transaction managers will store in -.I data -the LSN of the previous log record for the same transaction, -to support chaining back through the transaction's log records -during undo.) -.IP -The parameter -.I flag -must be set to 0 or exactly one of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_CHECKPOINT -Specify the key/data pair of the current call as the one to be returned -when the -.I seq -function is next called with the R_CHECKPOINT flag. -.TP 5 -R_FLUSH -Flush immediately (ignoring any possibility for group commit). -.RE -.TP 5 -seq -The -.I seq -function takes the following additional flag: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_CHECKPOINT -The last key/data pair stored by the -.I put -function (using the R_CHECKPOINT flag) is returned, -and the cursor is set or initialized to reference it. -The expected use of this flag is during restart and to determine what -part of the log must be available for restart. -Therefore, the log record retrieved with R_CHECKPOINT should contain -all the information that the transaction manager will need for this -purpose. -.RE -.TP 5 -sync -The -.I sync -function always returns an error for the log-manager access method, -setting -.I errno -to EINVAL. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_mpool.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_mpool.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 4b683b6185..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_mpool.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,403 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_mpool.3 8.14 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_MPOOL 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_mpool \- general purpose shared memory buffer pool -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include <db.h> -#include <mpool.h> - -int -mpool_create(char *path, mode_t mode, size_t cachesize, u_long flags); - -MPOOL * -mpool_open(char *path); - -int -mpool_close(MPOOL *mp); - -MPOOLFILE * -mpool_fopen(MPOOL *mp, char *path, size_t pagesize, void *pgcookie, -.ti +5 -int (*pgin)(MPOOLFILE *mpf, -.ti +8 -pgno_t pgno, void *pgaddr, void *pgcookie), -.ti +5 -int (*pgout)(MPOOLFILE *mpf, -.ti +8 -pgno_t pgno, void *pgaddr, void *pgcookie); - -int -mpool_fclose(MPOOLFILE *mpf); - -void * -mpool_get(MPOOLFILE *mpf, pgno_t *pgnoaddr, u_long flags, -.ti +5 -int (*callback)(MPOOLFILE *mpf, pgno_t pgno)); - -int -mpool_put(MPOOLFILE *mpf, void *pgaddr, u_long flags); - -int -mpool_sync(MPOOLFILE *mpf); - -int -mpool_unlink(const char *path, int force); - -void -mpool_stat(MPOOL *mp, FILE *fp); -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -specific details of the memory pool interface. -.PP -The -.I db_mpool -function is the library interface intended to provide general-purpose, -page-oriented buffer management of one or more files. -While designed to work with the other DB functions, these functions are -also useful for more general purposes. -The memory pools (MPOOL's) are referred to in this document as -simply ``pools''. -Pools may be shared between processes. -Pools are usually filled by pages from one or more files (MPOOLFILE's). -Pages in the pool are replaced in LRU (least-recently-used) order, -with each new page replacing the page which has been unused the longest. -Pages retrieved from the pool using -.I mpool_get -are ``pinned'' in memory, by default, -until they are returned to the pool using the -.I mpool_put -function. -.PP -.CR "memory pool" mpool -.PP -The -.I cachesize -argument specifies the size of the pool in bytes, -and should be the size of the normal working set of the application with -some small amount of additional memory for unusual situations. -If the number of bytes currently ``pinned'' in memory exceeds -.IR cachesize , -the -.I db_mpool -functions will attempt to allocate more memory and do not necessarily fail, -although they may suffer performance degradation. -.PP -The -.I flags -argument is set by -.IR or 'ing -any of the following values: -.TP -MPOOL_PRIVATE -The pool is not shared by other processes or threads, -so no locking of pool resources is required. -.PP -.OP "memory pool" mpool -.PP -The -.I mpool_close -function closes the pool indicated by the MPOOL pointer -.IR mp , -as returned by -.IR mpool_open . -This function does -.B not -imply a call to -.I mpool_sync -(or to -.IR mpool_fclose ) -i.e. no pages are written to the source file as as a result of calling -.IR mpool_close . -.RT mpool_close -.PP -The function -.I mpool_fopen -opens a file for buffering in the pool specified by the MPOOL -argument. -The -.I path -argument is the name of the file to be opened. -The -.I pagesize -argument is the size, in bytes, of the unit of transfer between the -application and the pool, although not necessarily the unit of transfer -between the pool and the source file. -Applications not knowing the page size of the source file should -retrieve the metadata from the file using a page size that is correct -for the metadata, then close and reopen the file, or, -otherwise determine the page size before calling -.IR mpool_fopen . -.PP -If the -.I pgin -function is specified, it is called each time a page is read into -the memory pool from the source file. -If the -.I pgout -function is specified, it is called each time a page is written -to the source file. -Both functions are called with the MPOOLFILE pointer returned from -.IR mpool_fopen , -the page number, a pointer to the page being read or written, and -the argument -.IR pgcookie . -If either function fails, it should return non-zero and set -.IR errno , -in which case the -.I db_mpool -function calling it will also fail, leaving -.I errno -intact. -.PP -The -.I mpool_fclose -function closes the source file indicated by the MPOOLFILE pointer -.IR mpf . -This function does -.B not -imply a call to -.IR mpool_sync , -i.e. no pages are written to the source file as as a result of calling -.IR mpool_fclose . -.RT mpool_fclose -.\" -.\".PP -.\"int -.\"mpool_fd (MPOOLFILE *mpf); -.\" -.\".PP -.\"The function -.\".I mpool_fd -.\"takes an MPOOLFILE pointer and returns the file descriptor being -.\"used to read/write that file -.\"to/from the pool. -.PP -The function -.I mpool_get -returns a pointer to the page with the page number specified by -.IR pgnoaddr , -from the source file specified by the MPOOLFILE pointer -.IR mpf . -If the page does not exist or cannot be retrieved, -.I mpool_get -returns NULL and sets errno. -.PP -The -.I flags -argument is set by -.IR or 'ing -any of the following values: -.TP 5 -MPOOL_CALLBACK -After the page number has been determined, but before any other -process or thread can access the page, the function specified by -the -.I callback -argument is called. -If the function fails, it should return non-zero and set -.IR errno , -in which case -.I mpool_get -will also fail, leaving -.I errno -intact. -The -.I callback -function is called with the MPOOLFILE pointer returned from -.I mpool_fopen -and the page number. -This functionality is commonly used when page locking is required, -but the page number of the page being retrieved is not known. -.TP 5 -MPOOL_CREATE -If the specified page does not exist, create it. -.TP 5 -MPOOL_LAST -Return the last page of the source file and copy its page number -to the location referenced by -.IR pgnoaddr . -.TP 5 -MPOOL_NEW -Create a new page in the file and copy its page number to the location -referenced by -.IR pgnoaddr . -.TP 5 -MPOOL_NOPIN -Don't pin the page into memory. -(This flag is intended for debugging purposes, when it's often useful -to examine pages which are currently held by other parts of the -application. -Pages retrieved in this manner don't need to be returned to the -memory pool, i.e. they should -.B not -be specified as arguments to the -.IR mpool_put -routine.) -.PP -Created pages have all their bytes set to 0. -.PP -All pages returned by -.I mpool_get -(unless the MPOOL_NOPIN flag is specified), -will be retained (i.e. ``pinned'') in the pool until a subsequent -call to -.IR mpool_put . -.PP -The function -.I mpool_put -indicates that the page referenced by -.I pgaddr -can be evicted from the pool. -.I Pgaddr -must be an address previously returned by -.IR mpool_get . -.PP -The flag value is specified by -.IR or 'ing -any of the following values: -.TP 5 -MPOOL_DIRTY -The page has been modified and must be written to the source file -before being evicted from the pool. -.TP 5 -MPOOL_DISCARD -The page is unlikely to be useful in the near future, and should be -discarded before other pages in the pool. -.PP -.RT mpool_put -.PP -The function -.I mpool_sync -writes all pages associated with the MPOOLFILE pointer -.IR mpf , -which were specified as arguments to the -.I mpool_put -function with an associated flag of -MPOOL_DIRTY, -to the source file. -.RT mpool_sync -.PP -.UN "memory pool" mpool -.PP -The function -.I mpool_stat -writes statistics for the memory pool -.I mp -to the file specified by -.IR fp . -These statistics include the number of files participating in the pool, -the active pages in the pool, and numbers as to how effective the cache -has been. -.SH ERRORS -The -.IR mpool_create , -.I mpool_open -and -.I mpool_fopen -functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR open (2), -.IR read (2), -and -.IR malloc (3). -.PP -The -.I mpool_close -and -.I mpool_fclose -functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR close (2) -and -.IR free (3). -.PP -The -.I mpool_get -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR read (2), -.IR write (2), -and -.IR malloc (3) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EINVAL] -The requested page does not exist and MPOOL_CREATE was not set. -.PP -The -.I mpool_put -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR write (2) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EACCES] -The source file was not opened for writing. -.PP -The -.I mpool_sync -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR write (2). -.PP -The -.I mpool_unlink -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR unlink (2) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EBUSY] -The memory pool was in use and the force flag was not set. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_open.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_open.3 deleted file mode 100644 index f988ef9245..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_open.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,574 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_open.3 8.15 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_OPEN 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_open \- database access methods -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include <db.h> - -DB * -db_open(const char *file, int flags, int mode, -.ti +5 -DBTYPE type, DBINFO *dbinfo, const void *openinfo); -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -.GN -the overall structure of the available access methods. -.PP -The currently supported file formats are btree, hashed, log and recno -(i.e. flat-file oriented). -The btree format is a representation of a sorted, balanced tree structure. -The hashed format is an extensible, dynamic hashing scheme. -The log format is a general-purpose logging facility. -The recno format is a byte stream file with fixed or variable length -records. -The formats and other, format specific information are described in detail -in their respective manual pages: -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_log (3), -and -.IR db_recno (3). -.PP -Db_open opens -.I file -for reading and/or writing. -Files never intended to be preserved on disk may be created by setting -the file parameter to NULL. -(Note, while most of the access methods use -.I file -as the name of an underlying file on disk, this is not guaranteed. -See the manual pages for the individual access methods for more -information.) -.PP -The -.I flags -and -.I mode arguments -are as specified to the -.IR open (2) -function, however, only the O_CREAT, O_EXCL, O_EXLOCK, O_NONBLOCK, -O_RDONLY, O_RDWR, O_SHLOCK and O_TRUNC flags are meaningful. -(Note, opening a database file O_WRONLY is not possible.) -.\"Three additional options may be specified by -.\".IR or 'ing -.\"them into the -.\".I flags -.\"argument. -.\".TP -.\"DB_LOCK -.\"Do the necessary locking in the database to support concurrent access. -.\"If concurrent access isn't needed or the database is read-only this -.\"flag should not be set, as it tends to have an associated performance -.\"penalty. -.\".TP -.\"DB_SHMEM -.\"Place the underlying memory pool used by the database in shared -.\"memory. -.\"Necessary for concurrent access. -.\".TP -.\"DB_TXN -.\"Support transactions in the database. -.\"The DB_LOCK and DB_SHMEM flags must be set as well. -.PP -The -.I type -argument is of type DBTYPE (as defined in the <db.h> include file) and -may be set to DB_BTREE, DB_HASH, DB_LOG or DB_RECNO. -.PP -The -.I dbinfo -argument is a pointer to a structure containing references to locking, -logging, transaction, and shared-memory buffer pool information. -If -.I dbinfo -is NULL, then the access method may still use these subsystems, -but the usage will be private to the application and managed by DB. -If -.I dbinfo -is non-NULL, -then the module referenced by each of the non-NULL fields is used by DB -as necessary. -The fields of the DBINFO structure are defined as follows: -.TP 5 -const char *errpfx; -A prefix to prepend to error messages; used only if -.I errfile -is non-NULL. -.TP 5 -FILE *errfile; -The -.IR stdio (3) -file stream to which error messages are logged. -.sp -When any error occurs in the -.I db_open -function, or in any function called using a field of the returned DB -structure, an error value is returned by the function, -and the global variable -.I errno -is set appropriately. -In some cases, however, the -.I errno -value may be insufficient to describe the cause of the error. -In these cases, if -.I errfile -is non-NULL, additional error information will be written to the file -stream it represents, preceded by the string, if any, specified by -.IR errpfx . -This error logging facility should not be required for normal operation, -but may be useful in debugging applications. -.TP 5 -char *errbuf; -The buffer to which error messages are copied. -If non-NULL, -.I errbuf -behaves as described for -.IR errfile , -except that the -.I errpfx -field is ignored and the error message is copied into the specified -buffer instead of being written to the FILE stream. -The DB routines assume that the associated buffer is at least 1024 bytes -in length. -.TP 5 -LOCK_TABLE_T *lockinfo; -If locking is required for the file being opened (as in the case of -buffers being maintained in a shared memory buffer pool), -the -.I lockinfo -field contains a return value from the function -.I lock_open -that should be used -(see -.IR db_lock (3)). -If -.I lockinfo -is NULL, no locking is done. -.TP 5 -DB *loginfo; -If modifications to the file being opened should be logged, the -.I loginfo -field contains a return value from the function -.IR dbopen , -when opening a DB file of type DB_LOG. -If -.I loginfo -is NULL, no logging is done. -.TP 5 -MPOOL *mpoolinfo; -If the cache for the file being opened should be maintained in a shared -buffer pool, the -.I mpoolinfo -field contains a return value from the function -.I mpool_open -that should be used -(see -.IR db_mpool (3)). -If -.I mpoolinfo -is NULL, a memory pool may still be created, -but it will be private to the application and managed by DB. -.TP 5 -TXNMGR *txninfo; -If the accesses to the file being opened should take place in the context -of transactions (providing atomicity and complete error recovery), the -.I txninfo -field contains a return value from the function -.I txn_open -(see -.IR db_txn (3)). -If transactions are specified, -the application is responsible for making suitable calls to -.IR txn_begin , -.IR txn_abort , -and -.IR txn_commit . -If -.I txninfo -is NULL, no transaction support is done. -.PP -The -.I openinfo -argument is a pointer to an access method specific structure described -in the access method's manual page. -If -.I openinfo -is NULL, each access method will use defaults appropriate for the system -and the access method. -.SH "KEY/DATA PAIRS" -Access to all access methods is based on key/data pairs. -Both keys and data are represented by the following data structure: -.PP -typedef struct { -.RS -void *data; -.br -size_t size; -.RE -} DBT; -.PP -The elements of the DBT structure are defined as follows: -.TP 5 -data -A pointer to a byte string. -.ns -.br -.TP 5 -size -The length of -.IR data , -in bytes. -.PP -Key and data byte strings may reference strings of essentially unlimited -length, although any two of them must fit into available memory at the -same time. -.PP -The access methods provide no guarantees about byte string alignment, -and applications are responsible for maintaining any necessary alignment. -.SH "DB OPERATIONS" -.I Db_open -returns a pointer to a DB structure (as defined in the <db.h> include file) -on success, and NULL on error. -The DB structure describes a database type, and includes a set of functions -to perform various actions, as described below. -Each of these functions takes a pointer to a DB structure, and may take -one or more DBT *'s and a flag value as well. -Individual access methods specify additional functions and flags which -are specific to the method. -The fields of the DB structure are as follows: -.TP 5 -DBTYPE type; -The type of the underlying access method (and file format). -.TP 5 -int (*close)(const DB *db); -A pointer to a function to flush any cached information to disk, -free any allocated resources, and close any underlying files. -Since key/data pairs are cached in memory, failing to sync the -file with the -.I close -or -.I sync -function may result in inconsistent or lost information. -.IP -The -.I close -functions return -1 on failure, setting -.IR errno , -and 0 on success. -.TP 5 -int (*del)(const DB *db, TXN *txnid, -.ti +5 -const DBT *key, u_int flags); -.br -A pointer to a function to remove key/data pairs from the database. -The key/data pair associated with the specified -.I key -are discarded from the database. -.IP -The -.I txnid -parameter contains a transaction ID returned from -.IR txn_begin , -if the file is being accessed under transaction protection, -or NULL if transactions are not in effect. -.IP -The parameter -.I flag -must be set to 0 or exactly one of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_CURSOR -Delete the record referenced by the cursor. -The cursor must have previously been initialized. -.RE -.IP -The -.I delete -functions return -1 on error, setting -.IR errno , -0 on success, and 1 if the specified -.I key -did not exist in the file. -.TP 5 -int (*fd)(const DB *db); -A pointer to a function which returns a file descriptor representative -of the underlying database. -A file descriptor referencing the same file will be returned to all -processes which call -.I db_open -with the same -.I file -name. -This file descriptor may be safely used as an argument to the -.IR fcntl (2) -and -.IR flock (2) -locking functions. -The file descriptor is not necessarily associated with any of the -underlying files used by the access method. -No file descriptor is available for in memory databases. -.IP -The -.I fd -functions return -1 on error, setting -.IR errno , -and the file descriptor on success. -.TP 5 -int (*get)(const DB *db, TXN *txnid, -.ti +5 -const DBT *key, DBT *data, u_int flags); -.br -A pointer to a function which is the interface for keyed retrieval from -the database. -The address and length of the data associated with the specified -.I key -are returned in the structure referenced by -.IR data . -.IP -The -.I txnid -parameter contains a transaction ID returned from -.IR txn_begin , -if the file is being accessed under transaction protection, -or NULL if transactions are not in effect. -.IP -The -.I get -functions return -1 on error, setting -.IR errno , -0 on success, and 1 if the -.I key -was not found. -.TP 5 -int (*put)(const DB *db, TXN *txnid, -.ti +5 -DBT *key, const DBT *data, u_int flags); -.br -A pointer to a function to store key/data pairs in the database. -.IP -The -.I txnid -parameter contains a transaction ID returned from -.IR txn_begin , -if the file is being accessed under transaction protection, -or NULL if transactions are not in effect. -.IP -The parameter -.I flag -must be set to 0 or exactly one of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_CURSOR -Replace the key/data pair referenced by the cursor. -The cursor must have previously been initialized. -.TP 5 -R_NOOVERWRITE -Enter the new key/data pair only if the key does not previously exist. -.RE -.IP -The default behavior of the -.I put -functions is to enter the new key/data pair, replacing any previously -existing key. -.IP -The -.I put -functions return -1 on error, setting -.IR errno , -0 on success, and 1 if the R_NOOVERWRITE -.I flag -was set and the key already exists in the file. -.TP 5 -int (*seq)(const DB *db, TXN *txnid, -.ti +5 -DBT *key, DBT *data, u_int flags); -.br -A pointer to a function which is the interface for sequential -retrieval from the database. -The address and length of the key are returned in the structure -referenced by -.IR key , -and the address and length of the data are returned in the -structure referenced -by -.IR data . -.IP -The -.I txnid -parameter contains a transaction ID returned from -.IR txn_begin , -if the file is being accessed under transaction protection, -or NULL if transactions are not in effect. -.IP -Sequential key/data pair retrieval may begin at any time, and the -logical position of the ``cursor'' is not affected by calls to the -.IR del , -.IR get , -.IR put , -or -.I sync -functions. -Modifications to the database during a sequential scan will be reflected -in the scan, i.e. records inserted behind the cursor will not be returned -while records inserted in front of the cursor will be returned. -.IP -The parameter -.I flag -must be set to 0 or exactly one of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_CURSOR -The data associated with the specified key is returned. -This differs from the -.I get -functions in that it sets or initializes the cursor to the location of -the key as well. -.TP 5 -R_FIRST -The first key/data pair of the database is returned, and the cursor -is set or initialized to reference it. -.TP 5 -R_NEXT -Retrieve the key/data pair immediately after the cursor. -If the cursor is not yet set, this is the same as the R_FIRST flag. -.RE -.IP -The -.I seq -functions return -1 on error, setting -.IR errno , -0 on success, -and 1 if there are no key/data pairs less than or greater than the -specified or current key. -.TP 5 -int (*sync)(const DB *db, u_int flags); -A pointer to a function to flush any cached information to disk. -If the database is in memory only, the -.I sync -function has no effect and will always succeed. -.IP -The parameter -.I flag -must be set to 0 or a value specified by an access method specific -manual page. -.IP -The -.I sync -functions return -1 on failure, setting -.IR errno , -and 0 on success. -.SH ERRORS -The -.I db_open -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR open (2), -.IR malloc (3) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EFTYPE] -A file is incorrectly formatted. -.TP 5 -[EINVAL] -A parameter has been specified (hash function, recno pad byte etc.) -that is incompatible with the current file specification or, a flag -to a function which is not meaningful for the function (for example, -use of the cursor without prior initialization) or there is a mismatch -between the version number of file and the software. -.PP -The -.I close -functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR close (2), -.IR read (2), -.IR write (2), -.IR free (3), -or -.IR fsync (2). -.PP -The -.IR del , -.IR get , -.I put -and -.I seq -functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR read (2), -.IR write (2), -.IR free (3) -or -.IR malloc (3). -.PP -The -.I fd -functions will fail and set -.I errno -to ENOENT for in memory databases. -.PP -The -.I sync -functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR fsync (2). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_recno (3), -.IR db_txn (3) -.SH BUGS -The name DBT is a mnemonic for ``data base thang'', and was used -because noone could think of a reasonable name that wasn't already -in use somewhere else. -.PP -The -.I fd -function interface is a kluge, -and will be deleted in a future version of the interface. -.PP -Only big and little endian byte order is supported. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_recno.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_recno.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 6b93b3f5a1..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_recno.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,268 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_recno.3 8.12 (Berkeley) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_RECNO 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_recno \- record number database access method -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -specific details of the recno access method. -.SH "ACCESS METHOD SPECIFIC INFORMATION" -The recno access method specific data structure provided to -.I db_open -is typedef'd and named RECNOINFO. -A RECNOINFO structure has at least the following fields, -which may be initialized before calling -.IR db_open : -.TP 5 -u_int8_t bval; -The delimiting byte to be used to mark the end of a record for -variable-length records, and the pad character for fixed-length -records. -If no value is specified, newlines (``\en'') are used to mark the end -of variable-length records and fixed-length records are padded with -spaces. -.TP 5 -char *bfname; -The recno access method stores the in-memory copies of its records -in a btree. -If bfname is non-NULL, it specifies the name of the btree file, -as if specified as the file name for a -.I db_open -of a btree file. -.TP 5 -u_int cachesize; -A suggested maximum size, in bytes, of the memory cache. -This value is -.B only -advisory, and the access method will allocate more memory rather than fail. -If -.I cachesize -is 0 (no size is specified) a default size is used. -.TP 5 -u_long flags; -The flag value is specified by -.IR or 'ing -any of the following values: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_FIXEDLEN -The records are fixed-length, not byte delimited. -The structure element -.I reclen -specifies the length of the record, and the structure element -.I bval -is used as the pad character. -Any records, inserted into the database, that are less than -.I reclen -bytes long are automatically padded. -.TP 5 -R_NOKEY -In the interface specified by -.IR db_open , -the sequential record retrieval fills in both the caller's key and -data structures. -If the R_NOKEY flag is specified, the -.I cursor -functions are not required to fill in the key structure. -This permits applications to retrieve records at the end of files without -reading all of the intervening records. -.TP 5 -R_SNAPSHOT -This flag requires that a snapshot of the file be taken when -.I db_open -is called, instead of permitting any unmodified records to be read from -the original file. -.RE -.TP 5 -int lorder; -The byte order for integers in the stored database metadata. -The number should represent the order as an integer; for example, -big endian order would be the number 4,321. -If -.I lorder -is 0 (no order is specified) the current host order is used. -.TP 5 -u_int psize; -The recno access method stores the in-memory copies of its records -in a btree. -This value is the size (in bytes) of the pages used for nodes in that tree. -If -.I psize -is 0 (no page size is specified) a page size is chosen based on the -underlying file system I/O block size. -See -.IR btree (3) -for more information. -.TP 5 -size_t reclen; -The length of a fixed-length record. -.SH "DB OPERATIONS" -The data part of the key/data pair used by the recno access method -is the same as other access methods. -The key is different. -The -.I data -field of the key should be a pointer to a memory location of type -.IR recno_t , -as defined in the <db.h> include file. -This type is normally the largest unsigned integral type available to -the implementation. -The -.I size -field of the key should be the size of that type. -.PP -The record number data structure is either variable or fixed-length -records stored in a flat-file format, accessed by the logical record -number. -The existence of record number five requires the existence of records -one through four, and the deletion of record number one causes -record number five to be renumbered to record number four, as well -as the cursor, if positioned after record number one, to shift down -one record. -The creation of record number five when records one through four do -not exist causes the logical creation of them with zero-length data. -.PP -Because there is no meta-data associated with the underlying recno access -method files, any changes made to the default values (e.g. fixed record -length or byte separator value) must be explicitly specified each time the -file is opened. -.PP -The functions returned by -.I db_open -for the btree access method are as described in -.IR db_open (3), -with the following exceptions and additions: -.TP 5 -type -The type is DB_RECNO. -.TP 5 -put -Using the -.I put -interface to create a new record will cause the creation of multiple, -empty records if the record number is more than one greater than the -largest record currently in the database. -.IP -The -.I put -function takes the following additional flags: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_IAFTER -Append the data immediately after the data referenced by -.IR key , -creating a new key/data pair. -The record number of the appended key/data pair is returned in the -.I key -structure. -.TP 5 -R_IBEFORE -Insert the data immediately before the data referenced by -.IR key , -creating a new key/data pair. -The record number of the inserted key/data pair is returned in the -.I key -structure. -.TP 5 -R_SETCURSOR -Store the key/data pair, setting or initializing the position of the -cursor to reference it. -.RE -.TP 5 -seq -The -.I seq -function takes the following additional flags: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_LAST -The last key/data pair of the database is returned, and the cursor -is set or initialized to reference it. -.TP 5 -R_PREV -Retrieve the key/data pair immediately before the cursor. -If the cursor is not yet set, this is the same as the R_LAST flag. -.RE -.IP -If the database file is a character special file and no complete -key/data pairs are currently available, the -.I seq -function returns 2. -.TP 5 -sync -The -.I sync -function takes the following additional flag: -.RS -.TP 5 -R_RECNOSYNC -This flag causes the -.I sync -function to apply to the btree file which underlies the recno file, -not the recno file itself. -(See the -.I bfname -field of RECNOINFO -structure, above, for more information.) -.RE -.SH ERRORS -The -.I recno -access method functions may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library function -.IR db_open (3) -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EINVAL] -An attempt was made to add a record to a fixed-length database that -was too large to fit. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_txn (3) -.sp -.IR "Document Processing in a Relational Database System" , -Michael Stonebraker, Heidi Stettner, Joseph Kalash, Antonin Guttman, -Nadene Lynn, Memorandum No. UCB/ERL M82/32, May 1982. -.SH BUGS -The -.I sync -function's R_RECNOSYNC interface is a kluge, -and will be deleted in a future version of the interface. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/db_txn.3 b/src/util/db2/man/db_txn.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 18ad64692e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/db_txn.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,373 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 -.\" The President and Fellows of Harvard University. All rights reserved. -.\" Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 -.\" Margo I. Selzer. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)db_txn.3 8.8 (Harvard) 8/1/95 -.\" -.TH DB_TXN 3 "August 1, 1995" -.UC 7 -.SH NAME -db_txn \- transaction management functions -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include <db.h> -#include <db_lock.h> - -int -txn_create(const char *path, mode_t mode, u_int maxtxns, u_int flags); - -TXNMGR * -txn_open(const char *path, DBT *logp, LOCK_TABLE_T *lockp, -.ti +5 -int (*recover)(DBT *lsn, DBT *log_entry, int isundo)); - -TXN * -txn_begin(TXNMGR *txnp); - -int -txn_commit(TXN *tid); - -int -txn_prepare(TXN *tid); - -int -txn_abort(TXN *tid); - -int -txn_close(TXNMGR *txnp); - -int -txn_unlink(const char *path, int force); -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.so db.so -specific details of the transaction support. -.PP -.I Db_txn -is the library interface that provides transaction semantics. -Full transaction support is provided by a collection of modules -that provide well defined interfaces to the services required for -transaction processing. -These services are recovery (see -.IR db_log (3)), -concurrency control (see -.IR db_lock (3)), -and the management of shared data (see -.IR db_mpool (3)). -Transaction semantics can be applied to the access methods described in -.IR db (3) -through function call parameters. -.PP -The model intended for transactional use (and that is used by the -access methods) is that write-ahead logging is provided by -.IR db_log (3) -to record both before- and after-image logging. -Locking follows a two-phase protocol and is implemented by -.IR db_lock (3). -.PP -.CR "transaction region" txn -Any necessary, -associated log and lock regions are created as well (see -.IR db_log (3) -and -.IR db_lock (3)). -.PP -The -.I maxtxns -argument specifies the maximum number of simultaneous transactions that -are supported. -This bounds the size of backing files and is used to derive limits for -the size of the lock region and logfiles. -When there are more than -.I maxtxns -concurrent transactions, calls to -.I txn_begin -may fail. -.PP -Default locking and logging protocols are provided only if the -backing files exist. -If the backing files do not exist, the -.I flags -parameter must indicate both a logging mode and locking mode specified by -.IR or 'ing -together at most one flag from each of the TXN_LOCK and TXN_LOG classes -as follows: -.TP 5 -TXN_LOCK_2PL -Use two-phase locking. -.TP 5 -TXN_LOCK_OPTIMISTIC -Use optimistic locking (not currently implemented). -.TP 5 -TXN_LOG_REDO -Provide redo-only logging (not currently implemented). -.TP 5 -TXN_LOG_UNDO -Provide undo-only logging (not currently implemented). -.TP 5 -TXN_LOG_UNDOREDO -Provide undo/redo write-ahead logging. -.PP -.RT txn_create -.PP -.OP "transaction region" txn -.PP -The -.I recover -argument specifies a function that is called by -.I txn_abort -during transaction abort. -This function takes three arguments: -.TP 5 -lsn -A log sequence number (LSN). -.TP 5 -log_entry -A log record. -.TP 5 -isundo -An undo flag set to 0 if the operation is a redo and set to 1 if the -operation an undo. -.PP -As discussed in the -.I db_log (3) -manual page, -the application is responsible for providing any necessary structure -to the log record. -For example, the application must understand what part of the log -record is an operation code, what part is redo information, and what -part is undo information. -.PP -The -.I txn_begin -function creates a new transaction in the designated transaction -manager, returning a pointer to a TXN that uniquely identifies it. -.PP -The -.I txn_commit -function ends the transaction specified by the -.I tid -argument. -Any locks held by the transaction are released. -If logging is enabled, a commit log record is written and flushed to disk. -.PP -The -.I txn_abort -function causes an abnormal termination of the transaction. -If logging is enabled, the log is played backwards and any recovery -operations are initiated through the -.I recover -function specified to -.IR txn_open . -After recovery is completed, all locks held by the transaction are released. -.PP -The -.I txn_close -function detaches a process from the transaction environment specified -by the TXNMGR pointer. -All mapped regions are unmapped and any allocated resources are freed. -Any uncommitted transactions are aborted. -.PP -.UN "transaction region" txn -.PP -The -.I txn_prepare -function initiates the beginning of a two phase commit. -In a distributed transaction, -the prepare directive should be issued to all participating -transaction managers. -Each manager must take whatever action is necessary to guarantee -that a future call to -.I txn_commit -on the specified -.I tid -will succeed. -.SH "SYSTEM INTEGRATION" -This model can be applied to data bases other than the provided access -methods. -For example, consider an application that provides transaction semantics -to data stored in regular files accessed using the -.IR read (2) -and -.IR write (2) -system calls. -The operations for which transaction protection is desired are bracketed -by calls to -.I txn_begin -and -.IR txn_commit . -.PP -Before data are referenced, a call is made to the lock manager, -.IR db_lock , -for a lock of the appropriate type (e.g. read) -on the object being locked. -The object might be a page in the file, a byte, a range of bytes, -or some key. -Before a write is performed, the application makes a call to the -log manager, -.IR db_log , -to record enough information to redo the operation in case of -failure after commit and to undo the operation in case of abort. -After the log message is written, the write system calls are issued. -After all requests are issued, the application calls -.IR txn_commit . -When -.I txn_commit -returns, the caller is guaranteed that all necessary log writes have -been written to disk. -.PP -At any time, the application may call -.IR txn_abort , -which will result in the appropriate calls to the -.I recover -routine to restore the ``database'' to a consistent pre-transaction -state. -(The recover routine must be able to either reapply or undo the update -depending on the context, for each different type of log record.) -.PP -If the application should crash, the recovery process uses the -.I db_log -interface to read the log and call the -.I recover -routine to restore the database to a consistent state. -.PP -The -.I txn_prepare -function provides the core functionality to implement distributed -transactions, -but it does not actually manage the notification of distributed -transaction managers. -The caller is responsible for issuing -.I txn_prepare -calls to all sites participating in the transaction. -If all responses are positive, the caller can issue a -.IR txn_commit . -If any of the responses are negative, the caller should issue a -.IR txn_abort . -In general, the -.I txn_prepare -call requires that the transaction log be flushed to disk. -.PP -The structure of the transaction support allows application designers -to trade off performance and protection. -Since DB manages many structures in shared memory, -its information is subject to corruption by applications when the library -is linked directly with the application. -For this reason, DB is designed to allow compilation into a separate -server process that may be accessed via a socket interface. -In this way DB's data structures are protected from application code, -but communication overhead is increased. -When applications are trusted, DB may be compiled directly into the -application for increased performance. -.SH ERRORS -The -.I txn_create -function may fail and set -.I errno -for any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR open (2), -.IR write (2), -.IR malloc (3), -.IR lock_create (3), -and -.IR log_create (3). -.PP -The -.I txn_open -function may fail and set -.I errno -to any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR open (2), -.IR write (2), -.IR malloc (3), -.IR lock_open (3), -and -.IR log_open (3). -.PP -The -.I txn_begin -function may fail and set -.I errno -to ENOSPC indicating that the maximum number of concurrent -transactions has been reached. -.PP -The -.I txn_commit -function may fail and set -.I errno -to EINVAL indicating that the transaction was aborted. -.PP -The -.I txn_close -function may fail and set -.I errno -to any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR close (2), -.IR read (2), -.IR write (2), -.IR free (3), -.IR fsync (2), -.IR lock_close (3) -or -.IR log_close (3). -.PP -The -.I txn_unlink -function may fail and set -.I errno -to any of the errors specified for the library functions -.IR unlink (2), -.IR lock_unlink (3), -and -.IR log_unlink (3), -or the following: -.TP 5 -[EBUSY] -The transaction region was in use and the force flag was not set. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IR db_btree (3), -.IR db_hash (3), -.IR db_lock (3), -.IR db_log (3), -.IR db_mpool (3), -.IR db_open (3), -.IR db_recno (3) -.sp -.IR "LIBTP: Portable, Modular Transactions for UNIX" , -Margo Seltzer, Michael Olson, USENIX proceedings, Winter 1992. -.SH BUGS -The -.I maxtxns -parameter is a kluge, and should be deleted in favor of dynamically -expanding the transaction region. diff --git a/src/util/db2/man/spell.ok b/src/util/db2/man/spell.ok deleted file mode 100644 index 794b00bf87..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/man/spell.ok +++ /dev/null @@ -1,170 +0,0 @@ -Ake -Antonin -BTREE -BTREEINFO -Bsize -CALLBACK -Comput -D.E -DB -DB's -DBINFO -DBT -DBTYPE -Db -EACCES -EBUSY -EFTYPE -EINVAL -ENOENT -ENOSPC -ERL -EXCL -EXLOCK -FIXEDLEN -Ffactor -Guttman -HASHINFO -Heidi -IAFTER -IBEFORE -Kalash -Knuth -LIBTP -LOGINFO -LRU -LSN -LSN's -MPOOL -MPOOL's -MPOOLFILE -MPOOLFILE's -Maxlocks -Mpool -NG -NOKEY -NOOVERWRITE -NOPIN -NOTHELD -Nadene -Nelem -Nelems -OBJ -Pgaddr -RDONLY -RDWR -RECNO -RECNOINFO -RECNOSYNC -REQ -SETCURSOR -SHLOCK -Stettner -Stonebraker -Surv -TMPDIR -TRUNC -TXN -TXNMGR -Txn -UCB -UNDOREDO -USENIX -Unterauer -Vol -WAL -WRONLY -XACT -YYYY.MM.DD.HH.SS -al -bfname -bsize -btree -btrees -bval -cachesize -callback -const -db -db.h -dbinfo -dbopen -del -elistp -endian -enum -errbuf -errfile -errno -errpfx -fd -ffactor -getv -ing -int -int32 -int8 -isundo -kluge -lastlsn -lg -lock.h -lockinfo -lockop -lockp -log.YYYY.MM.DD.HH.MM.SS -logfiles -loginfo -logp -lreq -lsn -lsn1 -lsn2 -lt -maxcache -maxkeypage -maxlocks -maxtxns -meta -minkeypage -mmap -mpf -mpool -mpool.h -mpoolinfo -munmap -nacquire -nelem -nelems -nmodes -noone -nrelease -obj -op -openinfo -pathname -pgaddr -pgcookie -pgin -pgno -pgnoaddr -pgout -pid -pp -psize -queue.h -reclen -recno -sx -thang -timespec -tmp -trunc -txn -txnid -txninfo -txnp -typedef -typedef'd -vec -writeable diff --git a/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index 6f487ee6d2..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/mpool -mydir=mpool -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS=mpool.o - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../db - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index 93210c89e2..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/mpool/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/mpool - -SRCS+= mpool.c diff --git a/src/util/db2/mpool/README b/src/util/db2/mpool/README deleted file mode 100644 index 0f01fbcdb4..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/mpool/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)README 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -These are the current memory pool routines. -They aren't ready for prime time, yet, and -the interface is expected to change. - ---keith diff --git a/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.c b/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.c deleted file mode 100644 index d172f71baa..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,514 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)mpool.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 11/2/95"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "mpool.h" - -static BKT *mpool_bkt __P((MPOOL *)); -static BKT *mpool_look __P((MPOOL *, db_pgno_t)); -static int mpool_write __P((MPOOL *, BKT *)); - -/* - * mpool_open -- - * Initialize a memory pool. - */ -MPOOL * -mpool_open(key, fd, pagesize, maxcache) - void *key; - int fd; - db_pgno_t pagesize, maxcache; -{ - struct stat sb; - MPOOL *mp; - int entry; - - /* - * Get information about the file. - * - * XXX - * We don't currently handle pipes, although we should. - */ - if (fstat(fd, &sb)) - return (NULL); - if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) { - errno = ESPIPE; - return (NULL); - } - - /* Allocate and initialize the MPOOL cookie. */ - if ((mp = (MPOOL *)calloc(1, sizeof(MPOOL))) == NULL) - return (NULL); - CIRCLEQ_INIT(&mp->lqh); - for (entry = 0; entry < HASHSIZE; ++entry) - CIRCLEQ_INIT(&mp->hqh[entry]); - mp->maxcache = maxcache; - mp->npages = sb.st_size / pagesize; - mp->pagesize = pagesize; - mp->fd = fd; - return (mp); -} - -/* - * mpool_filter -- - * Initialize input/output filters. - */ -void -mpool_filter(mp, pgin, pgout, pgcookie) - MPOOL *mp; - void (*pgin) __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); - void (*pgout) __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); - void *pgcookie; -{ - mp->pgin = pgin; - mp->pgout = pgout; - mp->pgcookie = pgcookie; -} - -/* - * mpool_new -- - * Get a new page of memory. - */ -void * -mpool_new(mp, pgnoaddr, flags) - MPOOL *mp; - db_pgno_t *pgnoaddr; - u_int flags; -{ - struct _hqh *head; - BKT *bp; - - if (mp->npages == MAX_PAGE_NUMBER) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "mpool_new: page allocation overflow.\n"); - abort(); - } -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pagenew; -#endif - /* - * Get a BKT from the cache. Assign a new page number, attach - * it to the head of the hash chain, the tail of the lru chain, - * and return. - */ - if ((bp = mpool_bkt(mp)) == NULL) - return (NULL); - if (flags == MPOOL_PAGE_REQUEST) { - mp->npages++; - bp->pgno = *pgnoaddr; - } else - bp->pgno = *pgnoaddr = mp->npages++; - - bp->flags = MPOOL_PINNED | MPOOL_INUSE; - - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(bp->pgno)]; - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->lqh, bp, q); - return (bp->page); -} - -int -mpool_delete(mp, page) - MPOOL *mp; - void *page; -{ - struct _hqh *head; - BKT *bp; - - bp = (BKT *)((char *)page - sizeof(BKT)); - -#ifdef DEBUG - if (!(bp->flags & MPOOL_PINNED)) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "mpool_delete: page %d not pinned\n", bp->pgno); - abort(); - } -#endif - - /* Remove from the hash and lru queues. */ - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(bp->pgno)]; - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&mp->lqh, bp, q); - - free(bp); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * mpool_get - * Get a page. - */ -void * -mpool_get(mp, pgno, flags) - MPOOL *mp; - db_pgno_t pgno; - u_int flags; /* XXX not used? */ -{ - struct _hqh *head; - BKT *bp; - off_t off; - int nr; - -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pageget; -#endif - - /* Check for a page that is cached. */ - if ((bp = mpool_look(mp, pgno)) != NULL) { -#ifdef DEBUG - if (!(flags & MPOOL_IGNOREPIN) && bp->flags & MPOOL_PINNED) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "mpool_get: page %d already pinned\n", bp->pgno); - abort(); - } -#endif - /* - * Move the page to the head of the hash chain and the tail - * of the lru chain. - */ - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(bp->pgno)]; - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&mp->lqh, bp, q); - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->lqh, bp, q); - - /* Return a pinned page. */ - bp->flags |= MPOOL_PINNED; - return (bp->page); - } - - /* Get a page from the cache. */ - if ((bp = mpool_bkt(mp)) == NULL) - return (NULL); - - /* Read in the contents. */ -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pageread; -#endif - off = mp->pagesize * pgno; - if (off / mp->pagesize != pgno) { - /* Run past the end of the file, or at least the part we - can address without large-file support? */ - errno = E2BIG; - return NULL; - } - if (lseek(mp->fd, off, SEEK_SET) != off) - return (NULL); - - if ((nr = read(mp->fd, bp->page, mp->pagesize)) != mp->pagesize) { - if (nr > 0) { - /* A partial read is definitely bad. */ - errno = EINVAL; - return (NULL); - } else { - /* - * A zero-length reads, means you need to create a - * new page. - */ - memset(bp->page, 0, mp->pagesize); - } - } - - /* Set the page number, pin the page. */ - bp->pgno = pgno; - if (!(flags & MPOOL_IGNOREPIN)) - bp->flags = MPOOL_PINNED; - bp->flags |= MPOOL_INUSE; - - /* - * Add the page to the head of the hash chain and the tail - * of the lru chain. - */ - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(bp->pgno)]; - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->lqh, bp, q); - - /* Run through the user's filter. */ - if (mp->pgin != NULL) - (mp->pgin)(mp->pgcookie, bp->pgno, bp->page); - - return (bp->page); -} - -/* - * mpool_put - * Return a page. - */ -int -mpool_put(mp, page, flags) - MPOOL *mp; - void *page; - u_int flags; -{ - BKT *bp; - -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pageput; -#endif - bp = (BKT *)((char *)page - sizeof(BKT)); -#ifdef DEBUG - if (!(bp->flags & MPOOL_PINNED)) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "mpool_put: page %d not pinned\n", bp->pgno); - abort(); - } -#endif - bp->flags &= ~MPOOL_PINNED; - if (flags & MPOOL_DIRTY) - bp->flags |= flags & MPOOL_DIRTY; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * mpool_close - * Close the buffer pool. - */ -int -mpool_close(mp) - MPOOL *mp; -{ - BKT *bp; - - /* Free up any space allocated to the lru pages. */ - while ((bp = mp->lqh.cqh_first) != (void *)&mp->lqh) { - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&mp->lqh, mp->lqh.cqh_first, q); - free(bp); - } - - /* Free the MPOOL cookie. */ - free(mp); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * mpool_sync - * Sync the pool to disk. - */ -int -mpool_sync(mp) - MPOOL *mp; -{ - BKT *bp; - - /* Walk the lru chain, flushing any dirty pages to disk. */ - for (bp = mp->lqh.cqh_first; - bp != (void *)&mp->lqh; bp = bp->q.cqe_next) - if (bp->flags & MPOOL_DIRTY && - mpool_write(mp, bp) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Sync the file descriptor. */ - return (fsync(mp->fd) ? RET_ERROR : RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * mpool_bkt - * Get a page from the cache (or create one). - */ -static BKT * -mpool_bkt(mp) - MPOOL *mp; -{ - struct _hqh *head; - BKT *bp; - - /* If under the max cached, always create a new page. */ - if (mp->curcache < mp->maxcache) - goto new; - - /* - * If the cache is max'd out, walk the lru list for a buffer we - * can flush. If we find one, write it (if necessary) and take it - * off any lists. If we don't find anything we grow the cache anyway. - * The cache never shrinks. - */ - for (bp = mp->lqh.cqh_first; - bp != (void *)&mp->lqh; bp = bp->q.cqe_next) - if (!(bp->flags & MPOOL_PINNED)) { - /* Flush if dirty. */ - if (bp->flags & MPOOL_DIRTY && - mpool_write(mp, bp) == RET_ERROR) - return (NULL); -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pageflush; -#endif - /* Remove from the hash and lru queues. */ - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(bp->pgno)]; - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(head, bp, hq); - CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&mp->lqh, bp, q); -#ifdef DEBUG - { void *spage; - spage = bp->page; - memset(bp, 0xff, sizeof(BKT) + mp->pagesize); - bp->page = spage; - } -#endif - bp->flags = 0; - return (bp); - } - -new: if ((bp = (BKT *)malloc(sizeof(BKT) + mp->pagesize)) == NULL) - return (NULL); -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pagealloc; -#endif -#if defined(DEBUG) || defined(PURIFY) - memset(bp, 0xff, sizeof(BKT) + mp->pagesize); -#endif - bp->page = (char *)bp + sizeof(BKT); - bp->flags = 0; - ++mp->curcache; - return (bp); -} - -/* - * mpool_write - * Write a page to disk. - */ -static int -mpool_write(mp, bp) - MPOOL *mp; - BKT *bp; -{ - off_t off; - -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->pagewrite; -#endif - - /* Run through the user's filter. */ - if (mp->pgout) - (mp->pgout)(mp->pgcookie, bp->pgno, bp->page); - - off = mp->pagesize * bp->pgno; - if (off / mp->pagesize != bp->pgno) { - /* Run past the end of the file, or at least the part we - can address without large-file support? */ - errno = E2BIG; - return RET_ERROR; - } - if (lseek(mp->fd, off, SEEK_SET) != off) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (write(mp->fd, bp->page, mp->pagesize) != mp->pagesize) - return (RET_ERROR); - - bp->flags &= ~MPOOL_DIRTY; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * mpool_look - * Lookup a page in the cache. - */ -static BKT * -mpool_look(mp, pgno) - MPOOL *mp; - db_pgno_t pgno; -{ - struct _hqh *head; - BKT *bp; - - head = &mp->hqh[HASHKEY(pgno)]; - for (bp = head->cqh_first; bp != (void *)head; bp = bp->hq.cqe_next) - if ((bp->pgno == pgno) && - (bp->flags & MPOOL_INUSE == MPOOL_INUSE)) { -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->cachehit; -#endif - return (bp); - } -#ifdef STATISTICS - ++mp->cachemiss; -#endif - return (NULL); -} - -#ifdef STATISTICS -/* - * mpool_stat - * Print out cache statistics. - */ -void -mpool_stat(mp) - MPOOL *mp; -{ - BKT *bp; - int cnt; - char *sep; - - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu pages in the file\n", mp->npages); - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "page size %lu, cacheing %lu pages of %lu page max cache\n", - mp->pagesize, mp->curcache, mp->maxcache); - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu page puts, %lu page gets, %lu page new\n", - mp->pageput, mp->pageget, mp->pagenew); - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu page allocs, %lu page flushes\n", - mp->pagealloc, mp->pageflush); - if (mp->cachehit + mp->cachemiss) - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "%.0f%% cache hit rate (%lu hits, %lu misses)\n", - ((double)mp->cachehit / (mp->cachehit + mp->cachemiss)) - * 100, mp->cachehit, mp->cachemiss); - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu page reads, %lu page writes\n", - mp->pageread, mp->pagewrite); - - sep = ""; - cnt = 0; - for (bp = mp->lqh.cqh_first; - bp != (void *)&mp->lqh; bp = bp->q.cqe_next) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%d", sep, bp->pgno); - if (bp->flags & MPOOL_DIRTY) - (void)fprintf(stderr, "d"); - if (bp->flags & MPOOL_PINNED) - (void)fprintf(stderr, "P"); - if (++cnt == 10) { - sep = "\n"; - cnt = 0; - } else - sep = ", "; - - } - (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); -} -#endif diff --git a/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.h b/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.h deleted file mode 100644 index 627ad5b368..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/mpool/mpool.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,117 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)mpool.h 8.4 (Berkeley) 11/2/95 - */ - -#include "db-queue.h" - -/* - * The memory pool scheme is a simple one. Each in-memory page is referenced - * by a bucket which is threaded in up to two of three ways. All active pages - * are threaded on a hash chain (hashed by page number) and an lru chain. - * Inactive pages are threaded on a free chain. Each reference to a memory - * pool is handed an opaque MPOOL cookie which stores all of this information. - */ -#define HASHSIZE 128 -#define HASHKEY(pgno) ((pgno - 1) % HASHSIZE) - -/* The BKT structures are the elements of the queues. */ -typedef struct _bkt { - CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(_bkt) hq; /* hash queue */ - CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(_bkt) q; /* lru queue */ - void *page; /* page */ - db_pgno_t pgno; /* page number */ - -#define MPOOL_DIRTY 0x01 /* page needs to be written */ -#define MPOOL_PINNED 0x02 /* page is pinned into memory */ -#define MPOOL_INUSE 0x04 /* page address is valid */ - u_int8_t flags; /* flags */ -} BKT; - -typedef struct MPOOL { - CIRCLEQ_HEAD(_lqh, _bkt) lqh; /* lru queue head */ - /* hash queue array */ - CIRCLEQ_HEAD(_hqh, _bkt) hqh[HASHSIZE]; - db_pgno_t curcache; /* current number of cached pages */ - db_pgno_t maxcache; /* max number of cached pages */ - db_pgno_t npages; /* number of pages in the file */ - u_long pagesize; /* file page size */ - int fd; /* file descriptor */ - /* page in conversion routine */ - void (*pgin) __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); - /* page out conversion routine */ - void (*pgout) __P((void *, db_pgno_t, void *)); - void *pgcookie; /* cookie for page in/out routines */ -#ifdef STATISTICS - u_long cachehit; - u_long cachemiss; - u_long pagealloc; - u_long pageflush; - u_long pageget; - u_long pagenew; - u_long pageput; - u_long pageread; - u_long pagewrite; -#endif -} MPOOL; - -#define MPOOL_IGNOREPIN 0x01 /* Ignore if the page is pinned. */ -#define MPOOL_PAGE_REQUEST 0x01 /* Allocate a new page with a - specific page number. */ -#define MPOOL_PAGE_NEXT 0x02 /* Allocate a new page with the next - page number. */ - -#define mpool_open kdb2_mpool_open -#define mpool_filter kdb2_mpool_filter -#define mpool_new kdb2_mpool_new -#define mpool_get kdb2_mpool_get -#define mpool_delete kdb2_mpool_delete -#define mpool_put kdb2_mpool_put -#define mpool_sync kdb2_mpool_sync -#define mpool_close kdb2_mpool_close -#define mpool_stat kdb2_mpool_stat - -__BEGIN_DECLS -MPOOL *mpool_open __P((void *, int, db_pgno_t, db_pgno_t)); -void mpool_filter __P((MPOOL *, void (*)(void *, db_pgno_t, void *), - void (*)(void *, db_pgno_t, void *), void *)); -void *mpool_new __P((MPOOL *, db_pgno_t *, u_int)); -void *mpool_get __P((MPOOL *, db_pgno_t, u_int)); -int mpool_delete __P((MPOOL *, void *)); -int mpool_put __P((MPOOL *, void *, u_int)); -int mpool_sync __P((MPOOL *)); -int mpool_close __P((MPOOL *)); -#ifdef STATISTICS -void mpool_stat __P((MPOOL *)); -#endif -__END_DECLS diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index 6726227c67..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/recno -mydir=recno -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. -STLIBOBJS= rec_close.o rec_delete.o rec_get.o rec_open.o rec_put.o \ - rec_search.o rec_seq.o rec_utils.o - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../mpool \ - -I$(srcdir)/../db - -all-unix:: all-libobjs -clean-unix:: clean-libobjs -# @libobj_frag@ diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.inc b/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.inc deleted file mode 100644 index e49e225522..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/Makefile.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/db/recno - -SRCS+= rec_close.c rec_delete.c rec_get.c rec_open.c rec_put.c rec_search.c \ - rec_seq.c rec_utils.c diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/extern.h b/src/util/db2/recno/extern.h deleted file mode 100644 index 98e382c37e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/extern.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,72 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)extern.h 8.3 (Berkeley) 6/4/94 - */ - -#include "../btree/extern.h" - -#define __rec_close __kdb2_rec_close -#define __rec_delete __kdb2_rec_delete -#define __rec_dleaf __kdb2_rec_dleaf -#define __rec_fd __kdb2_rec_fd -#define __rec_fmap __kdb2_rec_fmap -#define __rec_fout __kdb2_rec_fout -#define __rec_fpipe __kdb2_rec_fpipe -#define __rec_get __kdb2_rec_get -#define __rec_iput __kdb2_rec_iput -#define __rec_put __kdb2_rec_put -#define __rec_ret __kdb2_rec_ret -#define __rec_search __kdb2_rec_search -#define __rec_seq __kdb2_rec_seq -#define __rec_sync __kdb2_rec_sync -#define __rec_vmap __kdb2_rec_vmap -#define __rec_vout __kdb2_rec_vout -#define __rec_vpipe __kdb2_rec_vpipe - -int __rec_close __P((DB *)); -int __rec_delete __P((const DB *, const DBT *, u_int)); -int __rec_dleaf __P((BTREE *, PAGE *, u_int32_t)); -int __rec_fd __P((const DB *)); -int __rec_fmap __P((BTREE *, recno_t)); -int __rec_fout __P((BTREE *)); -int __rec_fpipe __P((BTREE *, recno_t)); -int __rec_get __P((const DB *, const DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); -int __rec_iput __P((BTREE *, recno_t, const DBT *, u_int)); -int __rec_put __P((const DB *dbp, DBT *, const DBT *, u_int)); -int __rec_ret __P((BTREE *, EPG *, recno_t, DBT *, DBT *)); -EPG *__rec_search __P((BTREE *, recno_t, enum SRCHOP)); -int __rec_seq __P((const DB *, DBT *, DBT *, u_int)); -int __rec_sync __P((const DB *, u_int)); -int __rec_vmap __P((BTREE *, recno_t)); -int __rec_vout __P((BTREE *)); -int __rec_vpipe __P((BTREE *, recno_t)); diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_close.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_close.c deleted file mode 100644 index ed3da6ea42..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_close.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_close.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 11/18/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/uio.h> -#ifdef RECNO_USE_MMAP -#include <sys/mman.h> -#endif - -#include <errno.h> -#include <limits.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __REC_CLOSE -- Close a recno tree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_close(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - BTREE *t; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - if (__rec_sync(dbp, 0) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Committed to closing. */ - status = RET_SUCCESS; -#ifdef RECNO_USE_MMAP - if (F_ISSET(t, R_MEMMAPPED) && munmap(t->bt_smap, t->bt_msize)) - status = RET_ERROR; -#endif - - if (!F_ISSET(t, R_INMEM)) { - if (F_ISSET(t, R_CLOSEFP)) { - if (fclose(t->bt_rfp)) - status = RET_ERROR; - } else - if (close(t->bt_rfd)) - status = RET_ERROR; - } - - if (__bt_close(dbp) == RET_ERROR) - status = RET_ERROR; - - return (status); -} - -/* - * __REC_SYNC -- sync the recno tree to disk. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__rec_sync(dbp, flags) - const DB *dbp; - u_int flags; -{ - struct iovec iov[2]; - BTREE *t; - DBT data, key; - off_t off; - recno_t scursor, trec; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - if (flags == R_RECNOSYNC) - return (__bt_sync(dbp, 0)); - - if (F_ISSET(t, R_RDONLY | R_INMEM) || !F_ISSET(t, R_MODIFIED)) - return (RET_SUCCESS); - - /* Read any remaining records into the tree. */ - if (!F_ISSET(t, R_EOF) && t->bt_irec(t, MAX_REC_NUMBER) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Rewind the file descriptor. */ - if (lseek(t->bt_rfd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Save the cursor. */ - scursor = t->bt_cursor.rcursor; - - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - key.data = &trec; - - if (F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN)) { - /* - * We assume that fixed length records are all fixed length. - * Any that aren't are either EINVAL'd or corrected by the - * record put code. - */ - status = (dbp->seq)(dbp, &key, &data, R_FIRST); - while (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - if (write(t->bt_rfd, data.data, data.size) != data.size) - return (RET_ERROR); - status = (dbp->seq)(dbp, &key, &data, R_NEXT); - } - } else { - iov[1].iov_base = &t->bt_bval; - iov[1].iov_len = 1; - - status = (dbp->seq)(dbp, &key, &data, R_FIRST); - while (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - iov[0].iov_base = data.data; - iov[0].iov_len = data.size; - if (writev(t->bt_rfd, iov, 2) != data.size + 1) - return (RET_ERROR); - status = (dbp->seq)(dbp, &key, &data, R_NEXT); - } - } - - /* Restore the cursor. */ - t->bt_cursor.rcursor = scursor; - - if (status == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - if ((off = lseek(t->bt_rfd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR)) == -1) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (ftruncate(t->bt_rfd, off)) - return (RET_ERROR); - F_CLR(t, R_MODIFIED); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_delete.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_delete.c deleted file mode 100644 index b69c9ad742..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_delete.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_delete.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 7/14/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -static int rec_rdelete __P((BTREE *, recno_t)); - -/* - * __REC_DELETE -- Delete the item(s) referenced by a key. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key to delete - * flags: R_CURSOR if deleting what the cursor references - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key not found. - */ -int -__rec_delete(dbp, key, flags) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - recno_t nrec; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - switch(flags) { - case 0: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) - goto einval; - if (nrec > t->bt_nrecs) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - --nrec; - status = rec_rdelete(t, nrec); - break; - case R_CURSOR: - if (!F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT)) - goto einval; - if (t->bt_nrecs == 0) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - status = rec_rdelete(t, t->bt_cursor.rcursor - 1); - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) - --t->bt_cursor.rcursor; - break; - default: -einval: errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) - F_SET(t, B_MODIFIED | R_MODIFIED); - return (status); -} - -/* - * REC_RDELETE -- Delete the data matching the specified key. - * - * Parameters: - * tree: tree - * nrec: record to delete - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key not found. - */ -static int -rec_rdelete(t, nrec) - BTREE *t; - recno_t nrec; -{ - EPG *e; - PAGE *h; - int status; - - /* Find the record; __rec_search pins the page. */ - if ((e = __rec_search(t, nrec, SDELETE)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - /* Delete the record. */ - h = e->page; - status = __rec_dleaf(t, h, e->index); - if (status != RET_SUCCESS) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (status); - } - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __REC_DLEAF -- Delete a single record from a recno leaf page. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * idx: index on current page to delete - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__rec_dleaf(t, h, idx) - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - u_int32_t idx; -{ - RLEAF *rl; - indx_t *ip, cnt, offset; - u_int32_t nbytes; - char *from; - void *to; - - /* - * Delete a record from a recno leaf page. Internal records are never - * deleted from internal pages, regardless of the records that caused - * them to be added being deleted. Pages made empty by deletion are - * not reclaimed. They are, however, made available for reuse. - * - * Pack the remaining entries at the end of the page, shift the indices - * down, overwriting the deleted record and its index. If the record - * uses overflow pages, make them available for reuse. - */ - to = rl = GETRLEAF(h, idx); - if (rl->flags & P_BIGDATA && __ovfl_delete(t, rl->bytes) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - nbytes = NRLEAF(rl); - - /* - * Compress the key/data pairs. Compress and adjust the [BR]LEAF - * offsets. Reset the headers. - */ - from = (char *)h + h->upper; - memmove(from + nbytes, from, (char *)to - from); - h->upper += nbytes; - - offset = h->linp[idx]; - for (cnt = &h->linp[idx] - (ip = &h->linp[0]); cnt--; ++ip) - if (ip[0] < offset) - ip[0] += nbytes; - for (cnt = &h->linp[NEXTINDEX(h)] - ip; --cnt; ++ip) - ip[0] = ip[1] < offset ? ip[1] + nbytes : ip[1]; - h->lower -= sizeof(indx_t); - --t->bt_nrecs; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_get.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_get.c deleted file mode 100644 index 230b2d4f54..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_get.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,311 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_get.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 8/18/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stddef.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __REC_GET -- Get a record from the btree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key to find - * data: data to return - * flag: currently unused - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key not found. - */ -int -__rec_get(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - const DBT *key; - DBT *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - EPG *e; - recno_t nrec; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* Get currently doesn't take any flags, and keys of 0 are illegal. */ - if (flags || (nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) { - errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - /* - * If we haven't seen this record yet, try to find it in the - * original file. - */ - if (nrec > t->bt_nrecs) { - if (F_ISSET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM)) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - if ((status = t->bt_irec(t, nrec)) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (status); - } - - --nrec; - if ((e = __rec_search(t, nrec, SEARCH)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - status = __rec_ret(t, e, 0, NULL, data); - if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e->page, 0); - else - t->bt_pinned = e->page; - return (status); -} - -/* - * __REC_FPIPE -- Get fixed length records from a pipe. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * cnt: records to read - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_fpipe(t, top) - BTREE *t; - recno_t top; -{ - DBT data; - recno_t nrec; - size_t len; - int ch; - u_char *p; - - if (t->bt_rdata.size < t->bt_reclen) { - t->bt_rdata.data = t->bt_rdata.data == NULL ? - malloc(t->bt_reclen) : - realloc(t->bt_rdata.data, t->bt_reclen); - if (t->bt_rdata.data == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - t->bt_rdata.size = t->bt_reclen; - } - data.data = t->bt_rdata.data; - data.size = t->bt_reclen; - - for (nrec = t->bt_nrecs; nrec < top;) { - len = t->bt_reclen; - for (p = t->bt_rdata.data;; *p++ = ch) - if ((ch = getc(t->bt_rfp)) == EOF || !--len) { - if (ch != EOF) - *p = ch; - if (len != 0) - memset(p, t->bt_bval, len); - if (__rec_iput(t, - nrec, &data, 0) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (RET_ERROR); - ++nrec; - break; - } - if (ch == EOF) - break; - } - if (nrec < top) { - F_SET(t, R_EOF); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __REC_VPIPE -- Get variable length records from a pipe. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * cnt: records to read - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_vpipe(t, top) - BTREE *t; - recno_t top; -{ - DBT data; - recno_t nrec; - indx_t len; - size_t sz; - int bval, ch; - u_char *p; - - bval = t->bt_bval; - for (nrec = t->bt_nrecs; nrec < top; ++nrec) { - for (p = t->bt_rdata.data, - sz = t->bt_rdata.size;; *p++ = ch, --sz) { - if ((ch = getc(t->bt_rfp)) == EOF || ch == bval) { - data.data = t->bt_rdata.data; - data.size = p - (u_char *)t->bt_rdata.data; - if (ch == EOF && data.size == 0) - break; - if (__rec_iput(t, nrec, &data, 0) - != RET_SUCCESS) - return (RET_ERROR); - break; - } - if (sz == 0) { - len = p - (u_char *)t->bt_rdata.data; - t->bt_rdata.size += (sz = 256); - t->bt_rdata.data = t->bt_rdata.data == NULL ? - malloc(t->bt_rdata.size) : - realloc(t->bt_rdata.data, t->bt_rdata.size); - if (t->bt_rdata.data == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - p = (u_char *)t->bt_rdata.data + len; - } - } - if (ch == EOF) - break; - } - if (nrec < top) { - F_SET(t, R_EOF); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __REC_FMAP -- Get fixed length records from a file. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * cnt: records to read - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_fmap(t, top) - BTREE *t; - recno_t top; -{ - DBT data; - recno_t nrec; - u_char *sp, *ep, *p; - size_t len; - - if (t->bt_rdata.size < t->bt_reclen) { - t->bt_rdata.data = t->bt_rdata.data == NULL ? - malloc(t->bt_reclen) : - realloc(t->bt_rdata.data, t->bt_reclen); - if (t->bt_rdata.data == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - t->bt_rdata.size = t->bt_reclen; - } - data.data = t->bt_rdata.data; - data.size = t->bt_reclen; - - sp = (u_char *)t->bt_cmap; - ep = (u_char *)t->bt_emap; - for (nrec = t->bt_nrecs; nrec < top; ++nrec) { - if (sp >= ep) { - F_SET(t, R_EOF); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - len = t->bt_reclen; - for (p = t->bt_rdata.data; - sp < ep && len > 0; *p++ = *sp++, --len); - if (len != 0) - memset(p, t->bt_bval, len); - if (__rec_iput(t, nrec, &data, 0) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (RET_ERROR); - } - t->bt_cmap = (caddr_t)sp; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} - -/* - * __REC_VMAP -- Get variable length records from a file. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * cnt: records to read - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_vmap(t, top) - BTREE *t; - recno_t top; -{ - DBT data; - u_char *sp, *ep; - recno_t nrec; - int bval; - - sp = (u_char *)t->bt_cmap; - ep = (u_char *)t->bt_emap; - bval = t->bt_bval; - - for (nrec = t->bt_nrecs; nrec < top; ++nrec) { - if (sp >= ep) { - F_SET(t, R_EOF); - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - for (data.data = sp; sp < ep && *sp != bval; ++sp); - data.size = sp - (u_char *)data.data; - if (__rec_iput(t, nrec, &data, 0) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (RET_ERROR); - ++sp; - } - t->bt_cmap = (caddr_t)sp; - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_open.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_open.c deleted file mode 100644 index f18a1cb028..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_open.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,243 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_open.c 8.12 (Berkeley) 11/18/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#ifdef RECNO_USE_MMAP -#include <sys/mman.h> -#endif -#include <sys/stat.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <limits.h> -#include <stddef.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -DB * -__rec_open(fname, flags, mode, openinfo, dflags) - const char *fname; - int flags, mode, dflags; - const RECNOINFO *openinfo; -{ - BTREE *t; - BTREEINFO btopeninfo; - DB *dbp; - PAGE *h; - struct stat sb; - int rfd, sverrno; - - /* Open the user's file -- if this fails, we're done. */ - if (fname != NULL && (rfd = open(fname, flags | O_BINARY, mode)) < 0) - return (NULL); - - /* Create a btree in memory (backed by disk). */ - dbp = NULL; - if (openinfo) { - if (openinfo->flags & ~(R_FIXEDLEN | R_NOKEY | R_SNAPSHOT)) - goto einval; - btopeninfo.flags = 0; - btopeninfo.cachesize = openinfo->cachesize; - btopeninfo.maxkeypage = 0; - btopeninfo.minkeypage = 0; - btopeninfo.psize = openinfo->psize; - btopeninfo.compare = NULL; - btopeninfo.prefix = NULL; - btopeninfo.lorder = openinfo->lorder; - dbp = __bt_open(openinfo->bfname, - O_RDWR | O_BINARY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, &btopeninfo, dflags); - } else - dbp = __bt_open(NULL, O_RDWR | O_BINARY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, NULL, dflags); - if (dbp == NULL) - goto err; - - /* - * Some fields in the tree structure are recno specific. Fill them - * in and make the btree structure look like a recno structure. We - * don't change the bt_ovflsize value, it's close enough and slightly - * bigger. - */ - t = dbp->internal; - if (openinfo) { - if (openinfo->flags & R_FIXEDLEN) { - F_SET(t, R_FIXLEN); - t->bt_reclen = openinfo->reclen; - if (t->bt_reclen == 0) - goto einval; - } - t->bt_bval = openinfo->bval; - } else - t->bt_bval = '\n'; - - F_SET(t, R_RECNO); - if (fname == NULL) - F_SET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM); - else - t->bt_rfd = rfd; - - if (fname != NULL) { - /* - * In 4.4BSD, stat(2) returns true for ISSOCK on pipes. - * Unfortunately, that's not portable, so we use lseek - * and check the errno values. - */ - errno = 0; - if (lseek(rfd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR) == -1 && errno == ESPIPE) { - switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) { - case O_RDONLY: - F_SET(t, R_RDONLY); - break; - default: - goto einval; - } -slow: if ((t->bt_rfp = fdopen(rfd, "rb")) == NULL) - goto err; - F_SET(t, R_CLOSEFP); - t->bt_irec = - F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN) ? __rec_fpipe : __rec_vpipe; - } else { - switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) { - case O_RDONLY: - F_SET(t, R_RDONLY); - break; - case O_RDWR: - break; - default: - goto einval; - } - - if (fstat(rfd, &sb)) - goto err; - /* - * Kluge -- we'd like to test to see if the file is too - * big to mmap. Since, we don't know what size or type - * off_t's or size_t's are, what the largest unsigned - * integral type is, or what random insanity the local - * C compiler will perpetrate, doing the comparison in - * a portable way is flatly impossible. Hope that mmap - * fails if the file is too large. - */ - if (sb.st_size == 0) - F_SET(t, R_EOF); - else { -#ifdef RECNO_USE_MMAP - /* - * XXX - * Mmap doesn't work correctly on many current - * systems. In particular, it can fail subtly, - * with cache coherency problems. Don't use it - * for now. - */ - t->bt_msize = sb.st_size; - if ((t->bt_smap = mmap(NULL, t->bt_msize, - PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, rfd, - (off_t)0)) == (caddr_t)-1) - goto slow; - t->bt_cmap = t->bt_smap; - t->bt_emap = t->bt_smap + sb.st_size; - t->bt_irec = F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN) ? - __rec_fmap : __rec_vmap; - F_SET(t, R_MEMMAPPED); -#else - goto slow; -#endif - } - } - } - - /* Use the recno routines. */ - dbp->close = __rec_close; - dbp->del = __rec_delete; - dbp->fd = __rec_fd; - dbp->get = __rec_get; - dbp->put = __rec_put; - dbp->seq = __rec_seq; - dbp->sync = __rec_sync; - - /* If the root page was created, reset the flags. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, P_ROOT, 0)) == NULL) - goto err; - if ((h->flags & P_TYPE) == P_BLEAF) { - F_CLR(h, P_TYPE); - F_SET(h, P_RLEAF); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } else - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - - if (openinfo && openinfo->flags & R_SNAPSHOT && - !F_ISSET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM) && - t->bt_irec(t, MAX_REC_NUMBER) == RET_ERROR) - goto err; - return (dbp); - -einval: errno = EINVAL; -err: sverrno = errno; - if (dbp != NULL) - (void)__bt_close(dbp); - if (fname != NULL) - (void)close(rfd); - errno = sverrno; - return (NULL); -} - -int -__rec_fd(dbp) - const DB *dbp; -{ - BTREE *t; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* In-memory database can't have a file descriptor. */ - if (F_ISSET(t, R_INMEM)) { - errno = ENOENT; - return (-1); - } - return (t->bt_rfd); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_put.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_put.c deleted file mode 100644 index e7fa75882f..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_put.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,280 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_put.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 8/18/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __REC_PUT -- Add a recno item to the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key - * data: data - * flag: R_CURSOR, R_IAFTER, R_IBEFORE, R_NOOVERWRITE - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS and RET_SPECIAL if the key is - * already in the tree and R_NOOVERWRITE specified. - */ -int -__rec_put(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key; - const DBT *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - DBT fdata, tdata; - recno_t nrec; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - /* - * If using fixed-length records, and the record is long, return - * EINVAL. If it's short, pad it out. Use the record data return - * memory, it's only short-term. - */ - if (F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN) && data->size != t->bt_reclen) { - if (data->size > t->bt_reclen) - goto einval; - - if (t->bt_rdata.size < t->bt_reclen) { - t->bt_rdata.data = t->bt_rdata.data == NULL ? - malloc(t->bt_reclen) : - realloc(t->bt_rdata.data, t->bt_reclen); - if (t->bt_rdata.data == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - t->bt_rdata.size = t->bt_reclen; - } - memmove(t->bt_rdata.data, data->data, data->size); - memset((char *)t->bt_rdata.data + data->size, - t->bt_bval, t->bt_reclen - data->size); - fdata.data = t->bt_rdata.data; - fdata.size = t->bt_reclen; - } else { - fdata.data = data->data; - fdata.size = data->size; - } - - switch (flags) { - case R_CURSOR: - if (!F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT)) - goto einval; - nrec = t->bt_cursor.rcursor; - break; - case R_SETCURSOR: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) - goto einval; - break; - case R_IAFTER: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) { - nrec = 1; - flags = R_IBEFORE; - } - break; - case 0: - case R_IBEFORE: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) - goto einval; - break; - case R_NOOVERWRITE: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) - goto einval; - if (nrec <= t->bt_nrecs) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - break; - default: -einval: errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - /* - * Make sure that records up to and including the put record are - * already in the database. If skipping records, create empty ones. - */ - if (nrec > t->bt_nrecs) { - if (!F_ISSET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM) && - t->bt_irec(t, nrec) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (nrec > t->bt_nrecs + 1) { - if (F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN)) { - if ((tdata.data = - (void *)malloc(t->bt_reclen)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - tdata.size = t->bt_reclen; - memset(tdata.data, t->bt_bval, tdata.size); - } else { - tdata.data = NULL; - tdata.size = 0; - } - while (nrec > t->bt_nrecs + 1) - if (__rec_iput(t, - t->bt_nrecs, &tdata, 0) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (RET_ERROR); - if (F_ISSET(t, R_FIXLEN)) - free(tdata.data); - } - } - - if ((status = __rec_iput(t, nrec - 1, &fdata, flags)) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (status); - - if (flags == R_SETCURSOR) - t->bt_cursor.rcursor = nrec; - - F_SET(t, R_MODIFIED); - return (__rec_ret(t, NULL, nrec, key, NULL)); -} - -/* - * __REC_IPUT -- Add a recno item to the tree. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * nrec: record number - * data: data - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS - */ -int -__rec_iput(t, nrec, data, flags) - BTREE *t; - recno_t nrec; - const DBT *data; - u_int flags; -{ - DBT tdata; - EPG *e; - PAGE *h; - indx_t idx, nxtindex; - db_pgno_t pg; - u_int32_t nbytes; - int dflags, status; - char *dest, db[NOVFLSIZE]; - - /* - * If the data won't fit on a page, store it on indirect pages. - * - * XXX - * If the insert fails later on, these pages aren't recovered. - */ - if (data->size > t->bt_ovflsize) { - if (__ovfl_put(t, data, &pg) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - tdata.data = db; - tdata.size = NOVFLSIZE; - *(db_pgno_t *)db = pg; - *(u_int32_t *)(db + sizeof(db_pgno_t)) = data->size; - dflags = P_BIGDATA; - data = &tdata; - } else - dflags = 0; - - /* __rec_search pins the returned page. */ - if ((e = __rec_search(t, nrec, - nrec > t->bt_nrecs || flags == R_IAFTER || flags == R_IBEFORE ? - SINSERT : SEARCH)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - h = e->page; - idx = e->index; - - /* - * Add the specified key/data pair to the tree. The R_IAFTER and - * R_IBEFORE flags insert the key after/before the specified key. - * - * Pages are split as required. - */ - switch (flags) { - case R_IAFTER: - ++idx; - break; - case R_IBEFORE: - break; - default: - if (nrec < t->bt_nrecs && - __rec_dleaf(t, h, idx) == RET_ERROR) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - return (RET_ERROR); - } - break; - } - - /* - * If not enough room, split the page. The split code will insert - * the key and data and unpin the current page. If inserting into - * the offset array, shift the pointers up. - */ - nbytes = NRLEAFDBT(data->size); - if (h->upper - h->lower < nbytes + sizeof(indx_t)) { - status = __bt_split(t, h, NULL, data, dflags, nbytes, idx); - if (status == RET_SUCCESS) - ++t->bt_nrecs; - return (status); - } - - if (idx < (nxtindex = NEXTINDEX(h))) - memmove(h->linp + idx + 1, h->linp + idx, - (nxtindex - idx) * sizeof(indx_t)); - h->lower += sizeof(indx_t); - - h->linp[idx] = h->upper -= nbytes; - dest = (char *)h + h->upper; - WR_RLEAF(dest, data, dflags); - - ++t->bt_nrecs; - F_SET(t, B_MODIFIED); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_search.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_search.c deleted file mode 100644 index a328f1be06..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_search.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,126 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_search.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 7/14/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __REC_SEARCH -- Search a btree for a key. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree to search - * recno: key to find - * op: search operation - * - * Returns: - * EPG for matching record, if any, or the EPG for the location of the - * key, if it were inserted into the tree. - * - * Returns: - * The EPG for matching record, if any, or the EPG for the location - * of the key, if it were inserted into the tree, is entered into - * the bt_cur field of the tree. A pointer to the field is returned. - */ -EPG * -__rec_search(t, recno, op) - BTREE *t; - recno_t recno; - enum SRCHOP op; -{ - register indx_t idx; - register PAGE *h; - EPGNO *parent; - RINTERNAL *r; - db_pgno_t pg; - indx_t top; - recno_t total; - int sverrno; - - BT_CLR(t); - for (pg = P_ROOT, total = 0;;) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) - goto err; - if (h->flags & P_RLEAF) { - t->bt_cur.page = h; - t->bt_cur.index = recno - total; - return (&t->bt_cur); - } - for (idx = 0, top = NEXTINDEX(h);;) { - r = GETRINTERNAL(h, idx); - if (++idx == top || total + r->nrecs > recno) - break; - total += r->nrecs; - } - - BT_PUSH(t, pg, idx - 1); - - pg = r->pgno; - switch (op) { - case SDELETE: - --GETRINTERNAL(h, (idx - 1))->nrecs; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - break; - case SINSERT: - ++GETRINTERNAL(h, (idx - 1))->nrecs; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - break; - case SEARCH: - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); - break; - } - - } - /* Try and recover the tree. */ -err: sverrno = errno; - if (op != SEARCH) - while ((parent = BT_POP(t)) != NULL) { - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, parent->pgno, 0)) == NULL) - break; - if (op == SINSERT) - --GETRINTERNAL(h, parent->index)->nrecs; - else - ++GETRINTERNAL(h, parent->index)->nrecs; - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, MPOOL_DIRTY); - } - errno = sverrno; - return (NULL); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_seq.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_seq.c deleted file mode 100644 index 1edaa998e8..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_seq.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,131 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_seq.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 7/14/94"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> - -#include <errno.h> -#include <limits.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __REC_SEQ -- Recno sequential scan interface. - * - * Parameters: - * dbp: pointer to access method - * key: key for positioning and return value - * data: data return value - * flags: R_CURSOR, R_FIRST, R_LAST, R_NEXT, R_PREV. - * - * Returns: - * RET_ERROR, RET_SUCCESS or RET_SPECIAL if there's no next key. - */ -int -__rec_seq(dbp, key, data, flags) - const DB *dbp; - DBT *key, *data; - u_int flags; -{ - BTREE *t; - EPG *e; - recno_t nrec; - int status; - - t = dbp->internal; - - /* Toss any page pinned across calls. */ - if (t->bt_pinned != NULL) { - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, t->bt_pinned, 0); - t->bt_pinned = NULL; - } - - switch(flags) { - case R_CURSOR: - if ((nrec = *(recno_t *)key->data) == 0) - goto einval; - break; - case R_NEXT: - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT)) { - nrec = t->bt_cursor.rcursor + 1; - break; - } - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - case R_FIRST: - nrec = 1; - break; - case R_PREV: - if (F_ISSET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT)) { - if ((nrec = t->bt_cursor.rcursor - 1) == 0) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - break; - } - /* FALLTHROUGH */ - case R_LAST: - if (!F_ISSET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM) && - t->bt_irec(t, MAX_REC_NUMBER) == RET_ERROR) - return (RET_ERROR); - nrec = t->bt_nrecs; - break; - default: -einval: errno = EINVAL; - return (RET_ERROR); - } - - if (t->bt_nrecs == 0 || nrec > t->bt_nrecs) { - if (!F_ISSET(t, R_EOF | R_INMEM) && - (status = t->bt_irec(t, nrec)) != RET_SUCCESS) - return (status); - if (t->bt_nrecs == 0 || nrec > t->bt_nrecs) - return (RET_SPECIAL); - } - - if ((e = __rec_search(t, nrec - 1, SEARCH)) == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - - F_SET(&t->bt_cursor, CURS_INIT); - t->bt_cursor.rcursor = nrec; - - status = __rec_ret(t, e, nrec, key, data); - if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, e->page, 0); - else - t->bt_pinned = e->page; - return (status); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_utils.c b/src/util/db2/recno/rec_utils.c deleted file mode 100644 index f757a724f5..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/rec_utils.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,122 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rec_utils.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 7/16/94"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#include "recno.h" - -/* - * __rec_ret -- - * Build return data. - * - * Parameters: - * t: tree - * e: key/data pair to be returned - * nrec: record number - * key: user's key structure - * data: user's data structure - * - * Returns: - * RET_SUCCESS, RET_ERROR. - */ -int -__rec_ret(t, e, nrec, key, data) - BTREE *t; - EPG *e; - recno_t nrec; - DBT *key, *data; -{ - RLEAF *rl; - void *p; - - if (key == NULL) - goto dataonly; - - /* We have to copy the key, it's not on the page. */ - if (sizeof(recno_t) > t->bt_rkey.size) { - p = (void *)(t->bt_rkey.data == NULL ? - malloc(sizeof(recno_t)) : - realloc(t->bt_rkey.data, sizeof(recno_t))); - if (p == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - t->bt_rkey.data = p; - t->bt_rkey.size = sizeof(recno_t); - } - memmove(t->bt_rkey.data, &nrec, sizeof(recno_t)); - key->size = sizeof(recno_t); - key->data = t->bt_rkey.data; - -dataonly: - if (data == NULL) - return (RET_SUCCESS); - - /* - * We must copy big keys/data to make them contigous. Otherwise, - * leave the page pinned and don't copy unless the user specified - * concurrent access. - */ - rl = GETRLEAF(e->page, e->index); - if (rl->flags & P_BIGDATA) { - if (__ovfl_get(t, rl->bytes, - &data->size, &t->bt_rdata.data, &t->bt_rdata.size)) - return (RET_ERROR); - data->data = t->bt_rdata.data; - } else if (F_ISSET(t, B_DB_LOCK)) { - /* Use +1 in case the first record retrieved is 0 length. */ - if (rl->dsize + 1 > t->bt_rdata.size) { - p = (void *)(t->bt_rdata.data == NULL ? - malloc(rl->dsize + 1) : - realloc(t->bt_rdata.data, rl->dsize + 1)); - if (p == NULL) - return (RET_ERROR); - t->bt_rdata.data = p; - t->bt_rdata.size = rl->dsize + 1; - } - memmove(t->bt_rdata.data, rl->bytes, rl->dsize); - data->size = rl->dsize; - data->data = t->bt_rdata.data; - } else { - data->size = rl->dsize; - data->data = rl->bytes; - } - return (RET_SUCCESS); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/recno/recno.h b/src/util/db2/recno/recno.h deleted file mode 100644 index bec772c2fa..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/recno/recno.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,39 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - * - * @(#)recno.h 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - */ - -enum SRCHOP { SDELETE, SINSERT, SEARCH}; /* Rec_search operation. */ - -#include "../btree/btree.h" -#include "extern.h" diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/ChangeLog b/src/util/db2/test/ChangeLog deleted file mode 100644 index cfcce7d7fa..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/ChangeLog +++ /dev/null @@ -1,74 +0,0 @@ -2004-08-27 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * run.test (getnwords): Run data through "cat -v", because at - least one version of Debian Linux has an English dictionary with - Latin-1 characters and a "rev" that seems to default to some sort - of Unicode. - -2004-08-15 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * run.test (getnwords): Rewrite to drop blank lines before - counting lines, not after. - -2004-08-12 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * run.test (getnwords): New function. Uses sed to get N words - from $DICT as other functions did before, but discards blank - lines. - (test1, test2, test12, test13, test20): Call getnwords. - -2003-01-05 Sam Hartman <hartmans@mit.edu> - - * SEQ_TEST/t.c (main): Remove declaration of errno - -2002-08-29 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile.in: Revert $(S)=>/ change, for Windows support. - -2002-08-23 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * Makefile: Deleted. - - * Makefile.in: Change $(S)=>/ and $(U)=>.. globally. - -2002-08-23 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * dbtest.c: Include btree.h if we're compiled with -DSTATISTICS. - - * Makefile.in: Add rules for bttest; also add a clean rule. - -2002-05-08 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * dbtest.c: Test for __STDC__ defined, not nonzero, to decide - whether to use stdarg.h or varargs.h. - (err): Similarly for function signature. - -2002-02-19 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * run.test: Use "/bin/." instead of "/bin" in find commands in - case /bin itself is a symlink. - (test8): Check exit status of dbtest program. - - * dbtest.c (compare): Exit with error indication if comparison of - contents indicates a difference. - (get): Exit with error indication after printing message if key - not found. - -2002-01-04 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * run.test (test8): If test reports an error, exit with error - indication. - - * dbtest.c (compare): Exit with error indication if size - comparison fails. - -2000-06-26 Ken Raeburn <raeburn@mit.edu> - - * dbtest.c (err): Add format attribute to decl, for typechecking - under GNU C. - -1998-05-06 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@rsts-11.mit.edu> - - * dbtest.c (main): POSIX states that getopt returns -1 - when it is done parsing options, not EOF. - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/Makefile.in b/src/util/db2/test/Makefile.in deleted file mode 100644 index 18d366ca83..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/Makefile.in +++ /dev/null @@ -1,33 +0,0 @@ -thisconfigdir=./.. -myfulldir=util/db2/test -mydir=test -BUILDTOP=$(REL)..$(S)..$(S).. - -FCTSH = @FCTSH@ -TMPDIR=. - -LOCALINCLUDES= -I. -I$(srcdir)/../include -I../include -I$(srcdir)/../mpool \ - -I$(srcdir)/../btree -I$(srcdir)/../hash -I$(srcdir)/../db - -PROG_LIBPATH=-L$(TOPLIBD) -PROG_RPATH=$(KRB5_LIBDIR) - -KRB5_RUN_ENV= @KRB5_RUN_ENV@ - -all:: - -dbtest: dbtest.o $(DB_DEPLIB) - $(CC_LINK) -o $@ dbtest.o $(STRERROR_OBJ) $(DB_LIB) - -check:: dbtest - $(KRB5_RUN_ENV) srcdir=$(srcdir) TMPDIR=$(TMPDIR) $(FCTSH) $(srcdir)/run.test - -bttest.o: $(srcdir)/btree.tests/main.c - $(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/btree.tests/main.c -o $@ - -bttest: bttest.o $(DB_DEPLIB) - $(CC_LINK) -o $@ bttest.o $(STRERROR_OBJ) $(DB_LIB) - -clean-unix:: - $(RM) dbtest.o dbtest __dbtest - $(RM) bttest.o bttest diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/README b/src/util/db2/test/README deleted file mode 100644 index 0c0cd13d8f..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,74 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)README 8.8 (Berkeley) 7/31/94 - -To build this portably, try something like: - - make PORTDIR="../PORT/MACH" - -where MACH is the machine, i.e. "sunos.4.1.1". - -To run the tests, enter "sh run.test". If your system dictionary isn't -in /usr/share/dict/words, edit run.test to reflect the correct place. - -Fairly large files (the command files) are built in this directory during -the test runs, and even larger files (the database files) are created in -"/var/tmp". If the latter directory doesn't exist, set the environmental -variable TMPDIR to a directory where the files can be built. - -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= -The script file consists of lines with an initial character which is -the command for that line, or an initial character indicating a key -or data entry for a previous command. - -Legal command characters are as follows: - -c: compare a record - + must be followed by [kK][dD]; the data value in the database - associated with the specified key is compared to the specified - data value. -e: echo a string - + writes out the rest of the line into the output file; if the - last character is not a carriage-return, a newline is appended. -f: set the flags for the next command - + no value zero's the flags -g: do a get command - + must be followed by [kK] - + writes out the retrieved data DBT. -o [r]: dump [reverse] - + dump the database out, if 'r' is set, in reverse order. -p: do a put command - + must be followed by [kK][dD] -r: do a del command - + must be followed by [kK] unless R_CURSOR flag set. -S: sync the database -s: do a seq command - + must be followed by [kK] if R_CURSOR flag set. - + writes out the retrieved data DBT. - -Legal key/data characters are as follows: - -D [file]: data file - + set the current data value to the contents of the file -d [data]: - + set the current key value to the contents of the line. -K [file]: key file - + set the current key value to the contents of the file -k [data]: - + set the current key value to the contents of the line. - -Blank lines, lines with leading white space, and lines with leading -hash marks (#) are ignored. - -Options to dbtest are as follows: - - -d: Set the DB_LOCK flag. - -f: Use the file argument as the database file. - -i: Use the rest of the argument to set elements in the info - structure. If the type is btree, then "-i cachesize=10240" - will set BTREEINFO.cachesize to 10240. - -o: The rest of the argument is the output file instead of - using stdout. - -s: Don't delete the database file before opening it, i.e. - use the database file from a previous run. - -Dbtest requires two arguments, the type of access "hash", "recno" -or "btree", and the script name or "-" to indicate stdin. diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/data b/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/data deleted file mode 100644 index 37a518537e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/data +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8 +0,0 @@ -A000027875A000135891 -A000059165A000130168 -A000060256A000133490 -A040025906A000136770 -A040027881A000135829 -A040028611A000137873 -A040032413A000056974 -A040050163A000126233 diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/mbox b/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/mbox deleted file mode 100644 index 9d5d49d073..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/mbox +++ /dev/null @@ -1,399 +0,0 @@ -From wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov Mon Sep 12 11:05:58 1994 -Received: from vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU by python.bostic.com (8.6.9.Beta4/2.6) - id OAA16853; Mon, 12 Sep 1994 14:05:42 -0400 -From: wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov -Received: from hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU (hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU [128.32.34.35]) by vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU (8.7.Alpha.1/8.6.9.Beta0) with ESMTP id LAA15825 for <bostic@vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU>; Mon, 12 Sep 1994 11:05:20 -0700 (PDT) -Received: from uu7.psi.com (uu7.psi.com [38.145.204.6]) by hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU (8.6.9/8.6.6.Beta11) with SMTP id LAA25681 for <bostic@cs.berkeley.edu>; Mon, 12 Sep 1994 11:05:44 -0700 -Received: from AIPL.ARSUSDA.GOV by uu7.psi.com (5.65b/4.0.071791-PSI/PSINet) via SMTP; - id AA00699 for bostic@cs.berkeley.edu; Mon, 12 Sep 94 14:06:15 -0400 -Received: by aipl.arsusda.gov (AIX 3.2/UCB 5.64/4.03) - id AA14802; Mon, 12 Sep 1994 14:05:48 -0400 -Message-Id: <9409121805.AA14802@aipl.arsusda.gov> -Subject: db 1.85 problem -To: bostic@cs.berkeley.edu (Keith Bostic) -Date: Mon, 12 Sep 1994 14:05:47 -0400 (EDT) -X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL22] -Content-Type: text -Content-Length: 2553 -Status: RO - -In using the btree option to sequentially read and then write a file, we -are having a problem with 1.85. When compiled with 1.73 there is no -problem. The problem is that the seq call keeps reading the same record. -The code follows: - -/* chkseq.c Check sequential read and write */ - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <fcntl.h> /* O_CREAT, O_RDWR */ -#include <errno.h> /* Error numbers */ -#include <db.h> - -extern int errno; -extern char *sys_errlist[]; - -typedef struct idst { - char id1[7]; -} id; - -void cvtid(char *, char *); - -void main() { - char anim10[11], datastor[212],keystor[10], *pc; - int i; - long in = 0L; - DB *dbp, *dbpo; - DBT key, data, keyo, datao; - - if ((dbp = dbopen("bullxrf.db", O_RDWR, 0664 - , DB_BTREE, NULL )) == NULL) { - printf("\n Error on dbopen %d %s\n",errno,strerror(errno)); - exit(61); - } - key.size = 7; - keyo.size = 7; - - while (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_NEXT) == 0) { - in++; - if (in > 20) break; -/* pc = (char *) key.data; -for (i=0;i<key.size;i++) printf("%02x",pc[i]); printf("\n"); */ - cvtid(anim10,key.data); printf("%s\n",anim10); - memcpy(keystor,key.data,key.size); -/* for (i=0;i<key.size;i++) printf("%02x",keystor[i]); printf("\n"); */ - memcpy(datastor,data.data,data.size); -/* for (i=0;i<8;i++) printf("%02x",datastor[i]); printf("\n"); */ - keyo.data = keystor; - datao.data = datastor; - datao.size = data.size; -/* - if (in % 1000 == 1) { - cvtid(anim10,key.data); printf("%5d %s\n",in,anim10); */ - if (dbp->put(dbp, &keyo, &datao,0) != 0) { - printf("Write failed at %d\n",in); - exit(85); - } -/* } - */ - } - printf("%d Records copied\n",in); - dbp->close(dbp); -} - -I am running on an RS/6000 AIX 3.2.5. The section of the make file -follows: - -# Make file -all: chkseq - -chkseq: chkseq.c - cc -gO3 -lm -o chkseq\ - -L /data6/hash/include/sys/lib -l db -I /data6/hash/include \ - chkseq.c cvtid.o ascii.o -# -L /data12/db.1.85 -l db -I /data12/db.1.85/include \ - -We would appreciate your help. -Thanks, - --- -George Wiggans I================================================I - |Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory | -Phone: 301-504-8407 |Bldg 263 Beltsville Agricultural Research Center| -FAX: 301-504-8092 |Beltsville, MD 20705-2350 USA | -wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov | | -=========================I================================================I - -From wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov Fri Sep 16 20:27:22 1994 -Received: from vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU by python.bostic.com (8.6.9.Beta4/2.6) - id XAA09260; Fri, 16 Sep 1994 23:27:09 -0400 -From: wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov -Received: from hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU (hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU [128.32.34.35]) by vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU (8.7.Alpha.1/8.6.9.Beta0) with ESMTP id UAA25674 for <bostic@vangogh.CS.Berkeley.EDU>; Fri, 16 Sep 1994 20:27:03 -0700 (PDT) -Received: from uu7.psi.com (uu7.psi.com [38.145.204.6]) by hofmann.CS.Berkeley.EDU (8.6.9/8.6.6.Beta11) with SMTP id UAA15043 for <bostic@cs.berkeley.edu>; Fri, 16 Sep 1994 20:27:16 -0700 -Received: from AIPL.ARSUSDA.GOV by uu7.psi.com (5.65b/4.0.071791-PSI/PSINet) via SMTP; - id AA18737 for bostic@cs.berkeley.edu; Fri, 16 Sep 94 23:27:14 -0400 -Received: by aipl.arsusda.gov (AIX 3.2/UCB 5.64/4.03) - id AA10907; Fri, 16 Sep 1994 23:26:18 -0400 -Message-Id: <9409170326.AA10907@aipl.arsusda.gov> -Subject: Test case -To: bostic@cs.berkeley.edu (Keith Bostic) -Date: Fri, 16 Sep 1994 23:26:16 -0400 (EDT) -X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL22] -Content-Type: text -Content-Length: 3713 -Status: RO - -The following program loads 2 10 character animal ID which are used to -change an animal's ID. After loading, it closes, then opens and -sequentially reads and rewrites the file changing the first character of -the 2nd ID to U. Failure is observed when the update part gets stuck on -the first record, rereading it. The last step displays the updated file. -The name of the data file is a command line argument. - -The data: -A000027875A000135891 -A000059165A000130168 -A000060256A000133490 -A040025906A000136770 -A040027881A000135829 -A040028611A000137873 -A040032413A000056974 -A040050163A000126233 -A040050329A000126177 -A040050411A000119017 -A040050995A000116767 -A040051022A000126669 -A040051276A000127444 -A040051514A000120563 -A040051597A000127287 -A040051627A000127284 -A040051700A000126914 -A040051810A000127286 -A040051964A000118834 -A040052164A000135104 -A040052165A000127688 -A040052186A000126926 -A040052530A000126287 -A040052560A000119160 -A040052892A000125334 -A040053004A000127684 -A040053359A000128628 -A040053378A000137680 -A040053416A000128825 -A040053589A000120369 -A040053620A000128460 -A040053751A000123525 -A040053754A000126736 -A040054191A000126286 -A040054251A000121745 -A040054253A000127848 -A040054596A000130931 -A040054981A000128731 -A040055000A000127689 - -The program: -/* chkseq.c Check sequential read and write */ - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <fcntl.h> /* O_CREAT, O_RDWR */ -#include <errno.h> /* Error numbers */ -#include <db.h> - -extern int errno; -extern char *sys_errlist[]; - - -void main(int argc, char *argv[]) { - char id1[] = {" "}, id2[] = {" "}; - int i; - long in = 0L, out = 0L; - DB *dbp, *dbpo; - DBT key, data, keyo, datao; - FILE *fopen(), *fin; - - if ((fin = fopen(argv[1],"r")) == NULL) { - printf("Unable to open %s\n",argv[1]); - exit(25); - } - if ((dbp = dbopen("test.db",O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0664 - , DB_BTREE, NULL )) == NULL) { - printf("\n Open error on test.db %d %s\n",errno,strerror(errno)); - exit(25); - } - - while (fscanf(fin," %10s%10s",id1,id2) > 0) { - key.size = 11; - data.size = 11; - key.data = id1; - data.data = id2; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - if (dbp->put(dbp, &key, &data,R_NOOVERWRITE) != 0) { - printf("Error writing output\n"); - } - out++; - } - printf("%d Records in\n",out); - dbp->close(dbp); - - if ((dbp = dbopen("test.db", O_RDWR, 0664 - , DB_BTREE, NULL )) == NULL) { - printf("\n Error on dbopen %d %s\n",errno,strerror(errno)); - exit(61); - } - - while (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_NEXT) == 0) { - strcpy(id1,key.data); - keyo.size = 11; - datao.size = 11; - keyo.data = id1; - strcpy(id2,data.data); - id2[0] = 'U'; - datao.data=id2; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - in++; - if (in > 50) break; - if (dbp->put(dbp, &keyo, &datao,0) != 0) { - printf("Write failed at %d\n",in); - exit(85); - } - } - printf("%d Records copied\n",in); - in = 0; - dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_FIRST); - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - in++; - while (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_NEXT) == 0) { - in++; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - } - printf("%d Records read\n",in); - dbp->close(dbp); -} - - --- -George Wiggans I================================================I - |Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory | -Phone: 301-504-8407 |Bldg 263 Beltsville Agricultural Research Center| -FAX: 301-504-8092 |Beltsville, MD 20705-2350 USA | -wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov | | -=========================I================================================I - -From bostic Fri Sep 23 08:44:56 1994 -To: wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov /usr/src/local/db/test/SEQ_TEST/mbox -Subject: Re: Test case - - -OK, I've attached a tentative patch for the bug, that appears -to fix it on my local system. Please let me know if you have -any further problems with this. - -There are a couple of issues here. The first, is that to some -extent, the btree code is correct. You aren't replacing the -cursor in your test program, you're adding a new key, which -just happens to be where the cursor was. So, the btree code -is doing you a favor by returning the new key as part of the -cursor walk, and it's not its fault. ;-} - -However, because a put to the cursor record is done using a -delete/add pair, doing it the "right" way will result in the -exact same behavior as you saw doing it "wrong". - -Thinking about this further, there's another bug that's going to -hit eventually -- if you have duplicate records, the current -scheme of doing delete/add to replace the cursor record can result -in a record being returned twice, which is tacky at best, if not -actually wrong. - -I think I may have to revisit how duplicate records are stored. -Which does not make me happy. ;-{ - ---keith - -*** db/btree/bt_seq.c.orig Fri Sep 23 08:35:06 1994 ---- db/btree/bt_seq.c Fri Sep 23 08:34:58 1994 -*************** -*** 35,41 **** - */ - - #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -! static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_seq.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 7/20/94"; - #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - - #include <sys/types.h> ---- 35,41 ---- - */ - - #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -! static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bt_seq.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 9/23/94"; - #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - - #include <sys/types.h> -*************** -*** 246,252 **** - PAGE *h; - indx_t index; - pgno_t pg; -! int exact; - - /* - * There are a couple of states that we can be in. The cursor has ---- 246,252 ---- - PAGE *h; - indx_t index; - pgno_t pg; -! int exact, rval; - - /* - * There are a couple of states that we can be in. The cursor has -*************** -*** 255,269 **** - c = &t->bt_cursor; - - /* -! * The cursor was deleted where there weren't any duplicate records, -! * so the key was saved. Find out where that key would go in the -! * current tree. It doesn't matter if the returned key is an exact -! * match or not -- if it's an exact match, the record was added after -! * the delete so we can just return it. If not, as long as there's -! * a record there, return it. - */ -! if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_ACQUIRE)) -! return (__bt_first(t, &c->key, ep, &exact)); - - /* Get the page referenced by the cursor. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) ---- 255,299 ---- - c = &t->bt_cursor; - - /* -! * The cursor was deleted and there weren't any duplicate records, -! * so the cursor's key was saved. Find out where that key would -! * be in the current tree. If the returned key is an exact match, -! * it means that a key/data pair was inserted into the tree after -! * the delete. We could reasonably return the key, but the problem -! * is that this is the access pattern we'll see if the user is -! * doing seq(..., R_NEXT)/put(..., 0) pairs, i.e. the put deletes -! * the cursor record and then replaces it, so the cursor was saved, -! * and we'll simply return the same "new" record until the user -! * notices and doesn't do a put() of it. Since the key is an exact -! * match, we could as easily put the new record before the cursor, -! * and we've made no guarantee to return it. So, move forward or -! * back a record if it's an exact match. -! * -! * XXX -! * In the current implementation, put's to the cursor are done with -! * delete/add pairs. This has two consequences. First, it means -! * that seq(..., R_NEXT)/put(..., R_CURSOR) pairs are going to exhibit -! * the same behavior as above. Second, you can return the same key -! * twice if you have duplicate records. The scenario is that the -! * cursor record is deleted, moving the cursor forward or backward -! * to a duplicate. The add then inserts the new record at a location -! * ahead of the cursor because duplicates aren't sorted in any way, -! * and the new record is later returned. This has to be fixed at some -! * point. - */ -! if (F_ISSET(c, CURS_ACQUIRE)) { -! if (rval = __bt_first(t, &c->key, ep, &exact)) -! return (RET_ERROR); -! if (!exact) -! return (rval); -! /* -! * XXX -! * Kluge -- get, release, get the page. -! */ -! c->pg.pgno = ep->page->pgno; -! c->pg.index = ep->index; -! mpool_put(t->bt_mp, ep->page, 0); -! } - - /* Get the page referenced by the cursor. */ - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, c->pg.pgno, 0)) == NULL) - - - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/t.c b/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/t.c deleted file mode 100644 index f77b676f14..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/SEQ_TEST/t.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,85 +0,0 @@ -/* chkseq.c Check sequential read and write */ - -#include <sys/stat.h> -#include "db-int.h" -#include <errno.h> /* Error numbers */ -#include <fcntl.h> /* O_CREAT, O_RDWR */ -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> - - -void main(int argc, char *argv[]) { - char id1[] = {" "}, id2[] = {" "}; - int i; - long in = 0L, out = 0L; - DB *dbp, *dbpo; - DBT key, data, keyo, datao; - FILE *fopen(), *fin; - - unlink("test.db"); - if ((fin = fopen("data","r")) == NULL) { - printf("Unable to open %s\n","data"); - exit(25); - } - if ((dbp = dbopen("test.db",O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_BINARY, 0664 - , DB_BTREE, NULL )) == NULL) { - printf("\n Open error on test.db %d %s\n",errno,strerror(errno)); - exit(25); - } - - while (fscanf(fin," %10s%10s",id1,id2) > 0) { - key.size = 11; - data.size = 11; - key.data = id1; - data.data = id2; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - if (dbp->put(dbp, &key, &data,R_NOOVERWRITE) != 0) { - printf("Error writing output\n"); - } - out++; - } - printf("%d Records in\n",out); - dbp->close(dbp); - - if ((dbp = dbopen("test.db", O_RDWR | O_BINARY, 0664 - , DB_BTREE, NULL )) == NULL) { - printf("\n Error on dbopen %d %s\n",errno,strerror(errno)); - exit(61); - } - - while (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_NEXT) == 0) { - strcpy(id1,key.data); - keyo.size = 11; - datao.size = 11; - keyo.data = id1; - strcpy(id2,data.data); - id2[0] = 'U'; - datao.data=id2; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - in++; - if (in > 10) break; -#ifdef notdef - if (dbp->put(dbp, &keyo, &datao,0) != 0) { - printf("Write failed at %d\n",in); - exit(85); - } -#else - if (dbp->put(dbp, &keyo, &datao,R_CURSOR) != 0) { - printf("Write failed at %d\n",in); - exit(85); - } -#endif - } - printf("%d Records copied\n",in); - in = 0; - dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_FIRST); - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - in++; - while (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data,R_NEXT) == 0) { - in++; - printf("%10s %10s\n",key.data,data.data); - } - printf("%d Records read\n",in); - dbp->close(dbp); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/ChangeLog b/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/ChangeLog deleted file mode 100644 index 339db618af..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/ChangeLog +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -2002-08-23 Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> - - * main.c: Disable append(); we don't have R_APPEND in this release - of DB for some reason. Disable load() due to lack of fgetline(). - Conditionalize lots of things on -DSTATISTICS or -DDEBUG as - appropriate. - (rlist): New function; does recursive listing of principals. - (main): Fix up naming of *_ENDIAN macros. Default to read-only - open, with new "-w" option for opening read/write. Actually call - db->sync with the correct number of arguments. - (show): Update call to __bt_dpage(). - (usage): Update. - -1998-05-06 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@rsts-11.mit.edu> - - * main.c (main): POSIX states that getopt returns -1 - when it is done parsing options, not EOF. diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/main.c b/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/main.c deleted file mode 100644 index 06f02b3ad0..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/btree.tests/main.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,832 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Mike Olson. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include "db-int.h" -#include <errno.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <ctype.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include "btree.h" - -typedef struct cmd_table { - char *cmd; - int nargs; - int rconv; - void (*func) __P((DB *, char **)); - char *usage, *descrip; -} cmd_table; - -int stopstop; -DB *globaldb; - -#if 0 -void append __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -#ifdef STATISTICS -void bstat __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -void cursor __P((DB *, char **)); -void delcur __P((DB *, char **)); -void delete __P((DB *, char **)); -#ifdef DEBUG -void dump __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -void first __P((DB *, char **)); -void get __P((DB *, char **)); -void help __P((DB *, char **)); -void iafter __P((DB *, char **)); -void ibefore __P((DB *, char **)); -void icursor __P((DB *, char **)); -void insert __P((DB *, char **)); -void keydata __P((DBT *, DBT *)); -void last __P((DB *, char **)); -void list __P((DB *, char **)); -#if 0 -void load __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -#ifdef STATISTICS -void mstat __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -void next __P((DB *, char **)); -int parse __P((char *, char **, int)); -void previous __P((DB *, char **)); -#ifdef DEBUG -void show __P((DB *, char **)); -#endif -void rlist __P((DB *, char **)); -void usage __P((void)); -void user __P((DB *)); - -cmd_table commands[] = { - "?", 0, 0, help, "help", NULL, -#if 0 - "a", 2, 1, append, "append key def", "append key with data def", -#endif -#ifdef STATISTICS - "b", 0, 0, bstat, "bstat", "stat btree", -#endif - "c", 1, 1, cursor, "cursor word", "move cursor to word", - "delc", 0, 0, delcur, "delcur", "delete key the cursor references", - "dele", 1, 1, delete, "delete word", "delete word", -#ifdef DEBUG - "d", 0, 0, dump, "dump", "dump database", -#endif - "f", 0, 0, first, "first", "move cursor to first record", - "g", 1, 1, get, "get key", "locate key", - "h", 0, 0, help, "help", "print command summary", - "ia", 2, 1, iafter, "iafter key data", "insert data after key", - "ib", 2, 1, ibefore, "ibefore key data", "insert data before key", - "ic", 2, 1, icursor, "icursor key data", "replace cursor", - "in", 2, 1, insert, "insert key def", "insert key with data def", - "la", 0, 0, last, "last", "move cursor to last record", - "li", 1, 1, list, "list file", "list to a file", -#if 0 - "loa", 1, 0, load, "load file", NULL, -#endif - "loc", 1, 1, get, "get key", NULL, -#ifdef STATISTICS - "m", 0, 0, mstat, "mstat", "stat memory pool", -#endif - "n", 0, 0, next, "next", "move cursor forward one record", - "p", 0, 0, previous, "previous", "move cursor back one record", - "q", 0, 0, NULL, "quit", "quit", - "rli", 1, 1, rlist, "rlist file", "list to a file (recursive)", -#ifdef DEBUG - "sh", 1, 0, show, "show page", "dump a page", -#endif - { NULL }, -}; - -int recno; /* use record numbers */ -char *dict = "words"; /* default dictionary */ -char *progname; - -int -main(argc, argv) - int argc; - char **argv; -{ - int c; - int omode; - DB *db; - BTREEINFO b; - - progname = *argv; - - omode = O_RDONLY; - b.flags = 0; - b.cachesize = 0; - b.maxkeypage = 0; - b.minkeypage = 0; - b.psize = 0; - b.compare = NULL; - b.prefix = NULL; - b.lorder = 0; - - while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bc:di:lp:ruw")) != -1) { - switch (c) { - case 'b': - b.lorder = DB_BIG_ENDIAN; - break; - case 'c': - b.cachesize = atoi(optarg); - break; - case 'd': - b.flags |= R_DUP; - break; - case 'i': - dict = optarg; - break; - case 'l': - b.lorder = DB_LITTLE_ENDIAN; - break; - case 'p': - b.psize = atoi(optarg); - break; - case 'r': - recno = 1; - break; - case 'u': - b.flags = 0; - break; - case 'w': - omode = O_RDWR; - break; - default: - usage(); - } - } - argc -= optind; - argv += optind; - - if (recno) - db = dbopen(*argv == NULL ? NULL : *argv, omode|O_BINARY, - 0, DB_RECNO, NULL); - else - db = dbopen(*argv == NULL ? NULL : *argv, O_CREAT|omode|O_BINARY, - 0600, DB_BTREE, &b); - - if (db == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "dbopen: %s\n", strerror(errno)); - exit(1); - } - globaldb = db; - user(db); - exit(0); - /* NOTREACHED */ -} - -void -user(db) - DB *db; -{ - FILE *ifp; - int argc, i, last; - char *lbuf, *argv[4], buf[512]; - - if ((ifp = fopen("/dev/tty", "r")) == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "/dev/tty: %s\n", strerror(errno)); - exit(1); - } - for (last = 0;;) { - (void)printf("> "); - (void)fflush(stdout); - if ((lbuf = fgets(&buf[0], 512, ifp)) == NULL) - break; - if (lbuf[0] == '\n') { - i = last; - goto uselast; - } - lbuf[strlen(lbuf) - 1] = '\0'; - - if (lbuf[0] == 'q') - break; - - argc = parse(lbuf, &argv[0], 3); - if (argc == 0) - continue; - - for (i = 0; commands[i].cmd != NULL; i++) - if (strncmp(commands[i].cmd, argv[0], - strlen(commands[i].cmd)) == 0) - break; - - if (commands[i].cmd == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "%s: command unknown ('help' for help)\n", lbuf); - continue; - } - - if (commands[i].nargs != argc - 1) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s\n", commands[i].usage); - continue; - } - - if (recno && commands[i].rconv) { - static recno_t nlong; - nlong = atoi(argv[1]); - argv[1] = (char *)&nlong; - } -uselast: last = i; - (*commands[i].func)(db, argv); - } - if ((db->sync)(db, 0) == RET_ERROR) - perror("dbsync"); - else if ((db->close)(db) == RET_ERROR) - perror("dbclose"); -} - -int -parse(lbuf, argv, maxargc) - char *lbuf, **argv; - int maxargc; -{ - int argc = 0; - char *c; - - c = lbuf; - while (isspace(*c)) - c++; - while (*c != '\0' && argc < maxargc) { - *argv++ = c; - argc++; - while (!isspace(*c) && *c != '\0') { - c++; - } - while (isspace(*c)) - *c++ = '\0'; - } - return (argc); -} - -#if 0 -void -append(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT key, data; - int status; - - if (!recno) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "append only available for recno db's.\n"); - return; - } - key.data = argv[1]; - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - data.data = argv[2]; - data.size = strlen(data.data); - status = (db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_APPEND); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("append/put"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("%s (duplicate key)\n", argv[1]); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} -#endif - -void -cursor(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - key.data = argv[1]; - if (recno) - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - else - key.size = strlen(argv[1]) + 1; - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_CURSOR); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("cursor/seq"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("key not found\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -void -delcur(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - int status; - - status = (*db->del)(db, NULL, R_CURSOR); - - if (status == RET_ERROR) - perror("delcur/del"); -} - -void -delete(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT key; - int status; - - key.data = argv[1]; - if (recno) - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - else - key.size = strlen(argv[1]) + 1; - - status = (*db->del)(db, &key, 0); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("delete/del"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("key not found\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} - -#ifdef DEBUG -void -dump(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - __bt_dump(db); -} -#endif - -void -first(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_FIRST); - - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("first/seq"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("no more keys\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -void -get(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - key.data = argv[1]; - if (recno) - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - else - key.size = strlen(argv[1]) + 1; - - status = (*db->get)(db, &key, &data, 0); - - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("get/get"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("key not found\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -void -help(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - int i; - - for (i = 0; commands[i].cmd; i++) - if (commands[i].descrip) - (void)printf("%s: %s\n", - commands[i].usage, commands[i].descrip); -} - -void -iafter(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT key, data; - int status; - - if (!recno) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "iafter only available for recno db's.\n"); - return; - } - key.data = argv[1]; - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - data.data = argv[2]; - data.size = strlen(data.data); - status = (db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_IAFTER); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("iafter/put"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("%s (duplicate key)\n", argv[1]); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} - -void -ibefore(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT key, data; - int status; - - if (!recno) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "ibefore only available for recno db's.\n"); - return; - } - key.data = argv[1]; - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - data.data = argv[2]; - data.size = strlen(data.data); - status = (db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_IBEFORE); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("ibefore/put"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("%s (duplicate key)\n", argv[1]); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} - -void -icursor(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - int status; - DBT data, key; - - key.data = argv[1]; - if (recno) - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - else - key.size = strlen(argv[1]) + 1; - data.data = argv[2]; - data.size = strlen(argv[2]) + 1; - - status = (*db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_CURSOR); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("icursor/put"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("%s (duplicate key)\n", argv[1]); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} - -void -insert(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - int status; - DBT data, key; - - key.data = argv[1]; - if (recno) - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - else - key.size = strlen(argv[1]) + 1; - data.data = argv[2]; - data.size = strlen(argv[2]) + 1; - - status = (*db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_NOOVERWRITE); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("insert/put"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("%s (duplicate key)\n", argv[1]); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } -} - -void -last(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_LAST); - - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("last/seq"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("no more keys\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -void -list(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - FILE *fp; - int status; - - if ((fp = fopen(argv[1], "w")) == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(errno)); - return; - } - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_FIRST); - while (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - (void)fprintf(fp, "%s\n", key.data); - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_NEXT); - } - (void)fclose(fp); - if (status == RET_ERROR) - perror("list/seq"); -} - -void -rlist(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - FILE *fp; - int status; - void *cookie; - - cookie = NULL; - if ((fp = fopen(argv[1], "w")) == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(errno)); - return; - } - status = bt_rseq(db, &key, &data, &cookie, R_FIRST); - while (status == RET_SUCCESS) { - (void)fprintf(fp, "%s\n", key.data); - status = bt_rseq(db, &key, &data, &cookie, R_NEXT); - } - (void)fclose(fp); - if (status == RET_ERROR) - perror("list/seq"); -} - -#if 0 -DB *BUGdb; -void -load(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - register char *p, *t; - FILE *fp; - DBT data, key; - recno_t cnt; - size_t len; - int status; - char *lp, buf[16 * 1024]; - - BUGdb = db; - if ((fp = fopen(argv[1], "r")) == NULL) { - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(errno)); - return; - } - (void)printf("loading %s...\n", argv[1]); - - for (cnt = 1; (lp = fgetline(fp, &len)) != NULL; ++cnt) { - if (recno) { - key.data = &cnt; - key.size = sizeof(recno_t); - data.data = lp; - data.size = len + 1; - } else { - key.data = lp; - key.size = len + 1; - for (p = lp + len - 1, t = buf; p >= lp; *t++ = *p--); - *t = '\0'; - data.data = buf; - data.size = len + 1; - } - - status = (*db->put)(db, &key, &data, R_NOOVERWRITE); - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("load/put"); - exit(1); - case RET_SPECIAL: - if (recno) - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "duplicate: %ld {%s}\n", cnt, data.data); - else - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "duplicate: %ld {%s}\n", cnt, key.data); - exit(1); - case RET_SUCCESS: - break; - } - } - (void)fclose(fp); -} -#endif - -void -next(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_NEXT); - - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("next/seq"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("no more keys\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -void -previous(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - DBT data, key; - int status; - - status = (*db->seq)(db, &key, &data, R_PREV); - - switch (status) { - case RET_ERROR: - perror("previous/seq"); - break; - case RET_SPECIAL: - (void)printf("no more keys\n"); - break; - case RET_SUCCESS: - keydata(&key, &data); - break; - } -} - -#ifdef DEBUG -void -show(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - BTREE *t; - PAGE *h; - db_pgno_t pg; - - pg = atoi(argv[1]); - t = db->internal; - if ((h = mpool_get(t->bt_mp, pg, 0)) == NULL) { - (void)printf("getpage of %ld failed\n", pg); - return; - } - if (pg == 0) - __bt_dmpage(h); - else - __bt_dpage(db, h); - mpool_put(t->bt_mp, h, 0); -} -#endif - -#ifdef STATISTICS -void -bstat(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - (void)printf("BTREE\n"); - __bt_stat(db); -} - -void -mstat(db, argv) - DB *db; - char **argv; -{ - (void)printf("MPOOL\n"); - mpool_stat(((BTREE *)db->internal)->bt_mp); -} -#endif - -void -keydata(key, data) - DBT *key, *data; -{ - if (!recno && key->size > 0) - (void)printf("%s/", key->data); - if (data->size > 0) - (void)printf("%s", data->data); - (void)printf("\n"); -} - -void -usage() -{ - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "usage: %s [-bdluw] [-c cache] [-i file] [-p page] [file]\n", - progname); - exit (1); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/dbtest.c b/src/util/db2/test/dbtest.c deleted file mode 100644 index 10a89a6fad..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/dbtest.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,768 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#if !defined(lint) && defined(LIBC_SCCS) -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#if !defined(lint) && defined(LIBC_SCCS) -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dbtest.c 8.17 (Berkeley) 9/1/94"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/param.h> -#include <sys/stat.h> - -#include <ctype.h> -#include <errno.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <limits.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <unistd.h> - -#include "db-int.h" -#ifdef STATISTICS -#include "btree.h" -#endif - -enum S { COMMAND, COMPARE, GET, PUT, REMOVE, SEQ, SEQFLAG, KEY, DATA }; - -#if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7) -#define ATTR(x) __attribute__(x) -#else -#define ATTR(x) -#endif - -void compare __P((DBT *, DBT *)); -DBTYPE dbtype __P((char *)); -void dump __P((DB *, int)); -void err __P((const char *, ...)) ATTR ((__format__(__printf__,1,2))) ATTR ((__noreturn__)); -void get __P((DB *, DBT *)); -void getdata __P((DB *, DBT *, DBT *)); -void put __P((DB *, DBT *, DBT *)); -void rem __P((DB *, DBT *)); -char *sflags __P((int)); -void synk __P((DB *)); -void *rfile __P((char *, size_t *)); -void seq __P((DB *, DBT *)); -u_int setflags __P((char *)); -void *setinfo __P((DBTYPE, char *)); -void usage __P((void)); -void *xmalloc __P((char *, size_t)); - -DBTYPE type; /* Database type. */ -void *infop; /* Iflags. */ -u_long lineno; /* Current line in test script. */ -u_int flags; /* Current DB flags. */ -int ofd = STDOUT_FILENO; /* Standard output fd. */ - -DB *XXdbp; /* Global for gdb. */ -int XXlineno; /* Fast breakpoint for gdb. */ - -int -main(argc, argv) - int argc; - char *argv[]; -{ - extern int optind; - extern char *optarg; - enum S command, state; - DB *dbp; - DBT data, key, keydata; - size_t len; - int ch, oflags, sflag; - char *fname, *infoarg, *p, *t, buf[8 * 1024]; - - infoarg = NULL; - fname = NULL; - oflags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_BINARY; - sflag = 0; - while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "f:i:lo:s")) != -1) - switch (ch) { - case 'f': - fname = optarg; - break; - case 'i': - infoarg = optarg; - break; - case 'l': - oflags |= DB_LOCK; - break; - case 'o': - if ((ofd = open(optarg, - O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666)) < 0) - err("%s: %s", optarg, strerror(errno)); - break; - case 's': - sflag = 1; - break; - case '?': - default: - usage(); - } - argc -= optind; - argv += optind; - - if (argc != 2) - usage(); - - /* Set the type. */ - type = dbtype(*argv++); - - /* Open the descriptor file. */ - if (strcmp(*argv, "-") && freopen(*argv, "r", stdin) == NULL) - err("%s: %s", *argv, strerror(errno)); - - /* Set up the db structure as necessary. */ - if (infoarg == NULL) - infop = NULL; - else - for (p = strtok(infoarg, ",\t "); p != NULL; - p = strtok(0, ",\t ")) - if (*p != '\0') - infop = setinfo(type, p); - - /* - * Open the DB. Delete any preexisting copy, you almost never - * want it around, and it often screws up tests. - */ - if (fname == NULL) { - p = getenv("TMPDIR"); - if (p == NULL) - p = "/var/tmp"; - (void)sprintf(buf, "%s/__dbtest", p); - fname = buf; - (void)unlink(buf); - } else if (!sflag) - (void)unlink(fname); - - if ((dbp = dbopen(fname, - oflags, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, type, infop)) == NULL) - err("dbopen: %s", strerror(errno)); - XXdbp = dbp; - - state = COMMAND; - for (lineno = 1; - (p = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) != NULL; ++lineno) { - /* Delete the newline, displaying the key/data is easier. */ - if (ofd == STDOUT_FILENO && (t = strchr(p, '\n')) != NULL) - *t = '\0'; - if ((len = strlen(buf)) == 0 || isspace((int) *p) || *p == '#') - continue; - - /* Convenient gdb break point. */ - if (XXlineno == lineno) - XXlineno = 1; - switch (*p) { - case 'c': /* compare */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - state = KEY; - command = COMPARE; - break; - case 'e': /* echo */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - /* Don't display the newline, if CR at EOL. */ - if (p[len - 2] == '\r') - --len; - if (write(ofd, p + 1, len - 1) != len - 1 || - write(ofd, "\n", 1) != 1) - err("write: %s", strerror(errno)); - break; - case 'g': /* get */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - state = KEY; - command = GET; - break; - case 'p': /* put */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - state = KEY; - command = PUT; - break; - case 'r': /* remove */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - if (flags == R_CURSOR) { - rem(dbp, &key); - state = COMMAND; - } else { - state = KEY; - command = REMOVE; - } - break; - case 'S': /* sync */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - synk(dbp); - state = COMMAND; - break; - case 's': /* seq */ - if (state != COMMAND) - err("line %lu: not expecting command", lineno); - if (flags == R_CURSOR) { - state = KEY; - command = SEQ; - } else - seq(dbp, &key); - break; - case 'f': - flags = setflags(p + 1); - break; - case 'D': /* data file */ - if (state != DATA) - err("line %lu: not expecting data", lineno); - data.data = rfile(p + 1, &data.size); - goto ldata; - case 'd': /* data */ - if (state != DATA) - err("line %lu: not expecting data", lineno); - data.data = xmalloc(p + 1, len - 1); - data.size = len - 1; -ldata: switch (command) { - case COMPARE: - compare(&keydata, &data); - break; - case PUT: - put(dbp, &key, &data); - break; - default: - err("line %lu: command doesn't take data", - lineno); - } - if (type != DB_RECNO) - free(key.data); - free(data.data); - state = COMMAND; - break; - case 'K': /* key file */ - if (state != KEY) - err("line %lu: not expecting a key", lineno); - if (type == DB_RECNO) - err("line %lu: 'K' not available for recno", - lineno); - key.data = rfile(p + 1, &key.size); - goto lkey; - case 'k': /* key */ - if (state != KEY) - err("line %lu: not expecting a key", lineno); - if (type == DB_RECNO) { - static recno_t recno; - recno = atoi(p + 1); - key.data = &recno; - key.size = sizeof(recno); - } else { - key.data = xmalloc(p + 1, len - 1); - key.size = len - 1; - } -lkey: switch (command) { - case COMPARE: - getdata(dbp, &key, &keydata); - state = DATA; - break; - case GET: - get(dbp, &key); - if (type != DB_RECNO) - free(key.data); - state = COMMAND; - break; - case PUT: - state = DATA; - break; - case REMOVE: - rem(dbp, &key); - if ((type != DB_RECNO) && (flags != R_CURSOR)) - free(key.data); - state = COMMAND; - break; - case SEQ: - seq(dbp, &key); - if ((type != DB_RECNO) && (flags != R_CURSOR)) - free(key.data); - state = COMMAND; - break; - default: - err("line %lu: command doesn't take a key", - lineno); - } - break; - case 'o': - dump(dbp, p[1] == 'r'); - break; - default: - err("line %lu: %s: unknown command character", - lineno, p); - } - } -#ifdef STATISTICS - /* - * -l must be used (DB_LOCK must be set) for this to be - * used, otherwise a page will be locked and it will fail. - */ - if (type == DB_BTREE && oflags & DB_LOCK) - __bt_stat(dbp); -#endif - if (dbp->close(dbp)) - err("db->close: %s", strerror(errno)); - (void)close(ofd); - exit(0); -} - -#define NOOVERWRITE "put failed, would overwrite key\n" - -void -compare(db1, db2) - DBT *db1, *db2; -{ - register size_t len; - register u_char *p1, *p2; - - if (db1->size != db2->size) { - printf("compare failed: key->data len %lu != data len %lu\n", - (u_long) db1->size, (u_long) db2->size); - exit (1); - } - - len = MIN(db1->size, db2->size); - for (p1 = db1->data, p2 = db2->data; len--;) - if (*p1++ != *p2++) { - err("compare failed at offset %d\n", - p1 - (u_char *)db1->data); - break; - } -} - -void -get(dbp, kp) - DB *dbp; - DBT *kp; -{ - DBT data; - - switch (dbp->get(dbp, kp, &data, flags)) { - case 0: - (void)write(ofd, data.data, data.size); - if (ofd == STDOUT_FILENO) - (void)write(ofd, "\n", 1); - break; - case -1: - err("line %lu: get: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - case 1: -#define NOSUCHKEY "get failed, no such key\n" - if (ofd != STDOUT_FILENO) { - (void)write(ofd, NOSUCHKEY, sizeof(NOSUCHKEY) - 1); - exit(1); - } else - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu: %.*s: %s", - lineno, (int) MIN(kp->size, 20), (char *) kp->data, - NOSUCHKEY); -#undef NOSUCHKEY - break; - } -} - -void -getdata(dbp, kp, dp) - DB *dbp; - DBT *kp, *dp; -{ - switch (dbp->get(dbp, kp, dp, flags)) { - case 0: - return; - case -1: - err("line %lu: getdata: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - case 1: - err("line %lu: getdata failed, no such key", lineno); - /* NOTREACHED */ - } -} - -void -put(dbp, kp, dp) - DB *dbp; - DBT *kp, *dp; -{ - switch (dbp->put(dbp, kp, dp, flags)) { - case 0: - break; - case -1: - err("line %lu: put: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - case 1: - (void)write(ofd, NOOVERWRITE, sizeof(NOOVERWRITE) - 1); - break; - } -} - -void -rem(dbp, kp) - DB *dbp; - DBT *kp; -{ - switch (dbp->del(dbp, kp, flags)) { - case 0: - break; - case -1: - err("line %lu: rem: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - case 1: -#define NOSUCHKEY "rem failed, no such key\n" - if (ofd != STDOUT_FILENO) - (void)write(ofd, NOSUCHKEY, sizeof(NOSUCHKEY) - 1); - else if (flags != R_CURSOR) - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu: %.*s: %s", - lineno, (int) MIN(kp->size, 20), (char *) kp->data, - NOSUCHKEY); - else - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "%lu: rem of cursor failed\n", lineno); -#undef NOSUCHKEY - break; - } -} - -void -synk(dbp) - DB *dbp; -{ - switch (dbp->sync(dbp, flags)) { - case 0: - break; - case -1: - err("line %lu: synk: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - } -} - -void -seq(dbp, kp) - DB *dbp; - DBT *kp; -{ - DBT data; - - switch (dbp->seq(dbp, kp, &data, flags)) { - case 0: - (void)write(ofd, data.data, data.size); - if (ofd == STDOUT_FILENO) - (void)write(ofd, "\n", 1); - break; - case -1: - err("line %lu: seq: %s", lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - case 1: -#define NOSUCHKEY "seq failed, no such key\n" - if (ofd != STDOUT_FILENO) - (void)write(ofd, NOSUCHKEY, sizeof(NOSUCHKEY) - 1); - else if (flags == R_CURSOR) - (void)fprintf(stderr, "%lu: %.*s: %s", - lineno, (int) MIN(kp->size, 20), (char *) kp->data, - NOSUCHKEY); - else - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "%lu: seq (%s) failed\n", lineno, sflags(flags)); -#undef NOSUCHKEY - break; - } -} - -void -dump(dbp, rev) - DB *dbp; - int rev; -{ - DBT key, data; - int lflags, nflags; - - if (rev) { - lflags = R_LAST; - nflags = R_PREV; - } else { - lflags = R_FIRST; - nflags = R_NEXT; - } - for (;; lflags = nflags) - switch (dbp->seq(dbp, &key, &data, lflags)) { - case 0: - (void)write(ofd, data.data, data.size); - if (ofd == STDOUT_FILENO) - (void)write(ofd, "\n", 1); - break; - case 1: - goto done; - case -1: - err("line %lu: (dump) seq: %s", - lineno, strerror(errno)); - /* NOTREACHED */ - } -done: return; -} - -u_int -setflags(s) - char *s; -{ - char *p; - - for (; isspace((int) *s); ++s); - if (*s == '\n' || *s == '\0') - return (0); - if ((p = strchr(s, '\n')) != NULL) - *p = '\0'; - if (!strcmp(s, "R_CURSOR")) return (R_CURSOR); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_FIRST")) return (R_FIRST); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_IAFTER")) return (R_IAFTER); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_IBEFORE")) return (R_IBEFORE); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_LAST")) return (R_LAST); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_NEXT")) return (R_NEXT); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_NOOVERWRITE")) return (R_NOOVERWRITE); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_PREV")) return (R_PREV); - if (!strcmp(s, "R_SETCURSOR")) return (R_SETCURSOR); - - err("line %lu: %s: unknown flag", lineno, s); - /* NOTREACHED */ -} - -char * -sflags(lflags) - int lflags; -{ - switch (lflags) { - case R_CURSOR: return ("R_CURSOR"); - case R_FIRST: return ("R_FIRST"); - case R_IAFTER: return ("R_IAFTER"); - case R_IBEFORE: return ("R_IBEFORE"); - case R_LAST: return ("R_LAST"); - case R_NEXT: return ("R_NEXT"); - case R_NOOVERWRITE: return ("R_NOOVERWRITE"); - case R_PREV: return ("R_PREV"); - case R_SETCURSOR: return ("R_SETCURSOR"); - } - - return ("UNKNOWN!"); -} - -DBTYPE -dbtype(s) - char *s; -{ - if (!strcmp(s, "btree")) - return (DB_BTREE); - if (!strcmp(s, "hash")) - return (DB_HASH); - if (!strcmp(s, "recno")) - return (DB_RECNO); - err("%s: unknown type (use btree, hash or recno)", s); - /* NOTREACHED */ -} - -void * -setinfo(db_type, s) - DBTYPE db_type; - char *s; -{ - static BTREEINFO ib; - static HASHINFO ih; - static RECNOINFO rh; - char *eq; - - if ((eq = strchr(s, '=')) == NULL) - err("%s: illegal structure set statement", s); - *eq++ = '\0'; - if (!isdigit((int) *eq)) - err("%s: structure set statement must be a number", s); - - switch (db_type) { - case DB_BTREE: - if (!strcmp("flags", s)) { - ib.flags = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - if (!strcmp("cachesize", s)) { - ib.cachesize = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - if (!strcmp("maxkeypage", s)) { - ib.maxkeypage = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - if (!strcmp("minkeypage", s)) { - ib.minkeypage = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - if (!strcmp("lorder", s)) { - ib.lorder = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - if (!strcmp("psize", s)) { - ib.psize = atoi(eq); - return (&ib); - } - break; - case DB_HASH: - if (!strcmp("bsize", s)) { - ih.bsize = atoi(eq); - return (&ih); - } - if (!strcmp("ffactor", s)) { - ih.ffactor = atoi(eq); - return (&ih); - } - if (!strcmp("nelem", s)) { - ih.nelem = atoi(eq); - return (&ih); - } - if (!strcmp("cachesize", s)) { - ih.cachesize = atoi(eq); - return (&ih); - } - if (!strcmp("lorder", s)) { - ih.lorder = atoi(eq); - return (&ih); - } - break; - case DB_RECNO: - if (!strcmp("flags", s)) { - rh.flags = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - if (!strcmp("cachesize", s)) { - rh.cachesize = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - if (!strcmp("lorder", s)) { - rh.lorder = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - if (!strcmp("reclen", s)) { - rh.reclen = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - if (!strcmp("bval", s)) { - rh.bval = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - if (!strcmp("psize", s)) { - rh.psize = atoi(eq); - return (&rh); - } - break; - } - err("%s: unknown structure value", s); - /* NOTREACHED */ -} - -void * -rfile(name, lenp) - char *name; - size_t *lenp; -{ - struct stat sb; - void *p; - int fd; - char *np; - - for (; isspace((int) *name); ++name); - if ((np = strchr(name, '\n')) != NULL) - *np = '\0'; - if ((fd = open(name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0 || - fstat(fd, &sb)) - err("%s: %s\n", name, strerror(errno)); -#ifdef NOT_PORTABLE - if (sb.st_size > (off_t)SIZE_T_MAX) - err("%s: %s\n", name, strerror(E2BIG)); -#endif - if ((p = (void *)malloc((u_int)sb.st_size)) == NULL) - err("%s", strerror(errno)); - (void)read(fd, p, (int)sb.st_size); - *lenp = sb.st_size; - (void)close(fd); - return (p); -} - -void * -xmalloc(text, len) - char *text; - size_t len; -{ - void *p; - - if ((p = (void *)malloc(len)) == NULL) - err("%s", strerror(errno)); - memmove(p, text, len); - return (p); -} - -void -usage() -{ - (void)fprintf(stderr, - "usage: dbtest [-l] [-f file] [-i info] [-o file] type script\n"); - exit(1); -} - -#ifdef __STDC__ -#include <stdarg.h> -#else -#include <varargs.h> -#endif - -void -#ifdef __STDC__ -err(const char *fmt, ...) -#else -err(fmt, va_alist) - char *fmt; - va_dcl -#endif -{ - va_list ap; -#ifdef __STDC__ - va_start(ap, fmt); -#else - va_start(ap); -#endif - (void)fprintf(stderr, "dbtest: "); - (void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap); - va_end(ap); - (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); - exit(1); - /* NOTREACHED */ -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/dictionary b/src/util/db2/test/dictionary deleted file mode 100644 index 53640f0164..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/dictionary +++ /dev/null @@ -1,308 +0,0 @@ -abintrme -ablatweo -agdbevea -aglamber -aicehayt -alerover -anadanth -ancmirtt -ancthada -angcther -antasikt -arathmsm -arescofa -arthatea -asallyth -asathedl -ascelass -athaneal -atheneri -atheryit -athiopep -athysidc -atyhtiti -auletard -aytthepr -bedthesa -beiofttw -bemofrda -bertedud -bessdide -bestiemb -blllanof -bllssunt -blstther -bttelthh -bulyousi -bupedire -buseatsd -butritat -byeditam -cedvecur -censaith -centhfro -centitar -ceourire -cetheaso -chancora -chavengl -chederas -chemsywh -civadayo -ckedacag -ckstiptr -colither -congchin -corepppl -cronoria -cthilath -cthouthe -ctofowon -cumetbry -dbethere -degeerin -detherai -dingthin -dryslyse -dscesild -ealecerm -edftserh -efosondi -eherrreg -emidesja -ereananm -estersns -etedtili -evermerh -falsuran -faringsi -fawerist -fcedethe -fedhessh -fedlerca -feupbori -ffeedift -fllbasia -foftabll -fomehage -fotsenki -fwisudls -ggeuptha -gswofryt -hedcecou -hereacun -huvedpth -iabengre -ianfovin -iaresice -iasmived -idengedi -ilftisut -ilinefem -imeorran -imsstoft -inararto -indanrei -ingelaly -ingeored -inmotiom -inoatlfr -inoviler -insedihe -intaspan -intowade -inyfeprt -iobloinc -ionepuse -iourofig -ireeingi -irreland -irsfandb -isewhell -isocisad -isriacth -istaverr -ithmblet -itoingri -itongala -itsgrint -ivyttisa -laltthea -lanesmef -lanonepi -lerithay -lllmeris -lysatspa -lysceert -masishio -mathmmat -meastrei -medengny -medwindb -membonam -moronash -mpeotlin -msomirei -msrmstri -mstirtis -nbempeef -ncheckno -nddtthec -ndilymor -nditheiv -ndoncath -nenkingo -ngryasth -nichelnd -nndarrof -nongeatt -noviearc -npecheca -nsttmema -nwiowhan -oalsaldt -obullury -odtenens -offorind -ofoditin -ogarofab -olossofe -olspooth -omajorul -omantrvi -omawevat -onotorit -oorendbe -oosarang -othowong -otinffte -ouatheno -ountshep -ouputope -owhesatu -owiaindh -padisath -pangream -pawicofa -pendamam -pepofond -peroncti -perysege -petotith -plocarov -pomasbor -powholyi -ppllosof -pptinoma -psenesff -puiondit -reestand -rendlabl -rerathsy -rewathat -rirndiff -ritricui -samasome -satameer -sathecur -sbespral -sconbeis -sedfinhe -sharveon -shhoftrd -sianthem -sieaveve -simedera -sinandff -sinulsma -sllobofl -sndfermh -soffatic -soingris -songiorb -sthottsa -suewemat -swicales -tagttisf -tanalatt -tancodbo -tarethal -tbisesia -teftyall -tengstwh -tepeshth -teranand -tevinohi -tgthehal -thansirs -thecequs -thereaco -therimut -therorea -thestiom -theveame -thhastth -thiasatt -thidirve -thingbaa -thithbed -thovires -thswenpe -thublthe -tiamarss -tincthes -tindtofo -tinedave -tisanwex -tlarnste -tleicorb -tnymesie -toftemal -tombeasw -torarsen -totheheo -toudanty -tremywel -treonove -trhandfy -trrhmont -trysnter -tssasofo -ttemaith -ttiserds -ttorissa -tuiabeoi -twirfton -tyhentha -tyngorti -tyoarich -ucatbouc -ungyconh -untinore -uopsaren -upecmuit -ureaidrb -usinittr -ussofedt -usunochp -utbapofo -veveplel -vimathea -walondui -wavairet -waysioft -wceempil -wealttig -wefondio -werdtian -weswevar -whaclthe -wheanler -wheiforv -whisurtr -whrithat -wiesulci -wirofrec -witthile -wtserodr -ybutherr diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/Makefile b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/Makefile deleted file mode 100644 index 348a8f818b..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/Makefile +++ /dev/null @@ -1,43 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)Makefile 8.16 (Berkeley) 11/20/95 - -ALL = driver2 tcreat3 tdel thash4 tread2 tseq tverify -OBJ = driver2.o tcreat3.o tdel.o thash4.o tread2.o tseq.o tverify.o -CC = gcc - -all: ${ALL} - -# Uncomment the STAT line get hash and btree statistical use info. This -# also forces ld to load the btree debug functions for use by gdb, which -# is useful. The db library has to be compiled with -DSTATISTICS as well. -INC= -I${PORTDIR}/include -I${PORTDIR} -OORG= -g -#STAT= -DSTATISTICS -CFLAGS= -D__DBINTERFACE_PRIVATE -DDEBUG ${STAT} ${OORG} ${INC} - -tcreat3: tcreat3.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ tcreat3.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -tdel: tdel.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ tdel.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -thash4: thash4.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ thash4.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -tread2: tread2.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ tread2.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -tseq: tseq.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ tseq.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -tverify: tverify.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ tverify.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -driver2: driver2.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - ${CC} -o $@ driver2.o ${PORTDIR}/libdb.a - -strerror.o: ${PORTDIR}/clib/strerror.c - ${CC} -c ${PORTDIR}/clib/strerror.c - -clean: - rm -f *.core gmon.out ${ALL} ${OBJ} t1 t2 t3 - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/driver2.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/driver2.c deleted file mode 100644 index 6a3b432cb6..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/driver2.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)driver2.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -/* - * Test driver, to try to tackle the large ugly-split problem. - */ - -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include "ndbm.h" - -int my_hash(key, len) - char *key; - int len; -{ - return(17); /* So I'm cruel... */ -} - -main(argc, argv) - int argc; -{ - DB *db; - DBT key, content; - char keybuf[2049]; - char contentbuf[2049]; - char buf[256]; - int i; - HASHINFO info; - - info.bsize = 1024; - info.ffactor = 5; - info.nelem = 1; - info.cachesize = NULL; -#ifdef HASH_ID_PROGRAM_SPECIFIED - info.hash_id = HASH_ID_PROGRAM_SPECIFIED; - info.hash_func = my_hash; -#else - info.hash = my_hash; -#endif - info.lorder = 0; - if (!(db = dbopen("bigtest", O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_BINARY, 0644, DB_HASH, &info))) { - sprintf(buf, "dbopen: failed on file bigtest"); - perror(buf); - exit(1); - } - srand(17); - key.data = keybuf; - content.data = contentbuf; - memset(keybuf, '\0', sizeof(keybuf)); - memset(contentbuf, '\0', sizeof(contentbuf)); - for (i=1; i <= 500; i++) { - key.size = 128 + (rand()&1023); - content.size = 128 + (rand()&1023); -/* printf("%d: Key size %d, data size %d\n", i, key.size, - content.size); */ - sprintf(keybuf, "Key #%d", i); - sprintf(contentbuf, "Contents #%d", i); - if ((db->put)(db, &key, &content, R_NOOVERWRITE)) { - sprintf(buf, "dbm_store #%d", i); - perror(buf); - } - } - if ((db->close)(db)) { - perror("closing hash file"); - exit(1); - } - exit(0); -} - - - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/makedb.sh b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/makedb.sh deleted file mode 100644 index 15901de193..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/makedb.sh +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -#!/bin/sh -# -# @(#)makedb.sh 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -awk '{i++; print $0; print i;}' /usr/local/lib/dict/words > WORDS -ls /bin /usr/bin /usr/ucb /etc | egrep '^(...|....|.....|......)$' | \ -sort | uniq | \ -awk '{ - printf "%s\n", $0 - for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) - printf "%s+", $0 - printf "\n" -}' > LONG.DATA diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tcreat3.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tcreat3.c deleted file mode 100644 index f11487b320..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tcreat3.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,105 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tcreat3.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include "db-int.h" - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - -char wp1[8192]; -char wp2[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT item, key; - DB *dbp; - HASHINFO ctl; - FILE *fp; - int trash; - - int i = 0; - - argv++; - ctl.hash = NULL; - ctl.bsize = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.ffactor = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.nelem = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.lorder = 0; - if (!(dbp = dbopen( "hashtest", - O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0600, DB_HASH, &ctl))){ - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot create: hash table (size %d)\n", - INITIAL); - exit(1); - } - - key.data = wp1; - item.data = wp2; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, stdin) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, stdin) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - key.size = strlen(wp1); - item.size = strlen(wp2); - -/* - * enter key/data pair into the table - */ - if ((dbp->put)(dbp, &key, &item, R_NOOVERWRITE) != NULL) { - fprintf(stderr, "cannot enter: key %s\n", - item.data); - exit(1); - } - } - - (dbp->close)(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tdel.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tdel.c deleted file mode 100644 index 826611486d..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tdel.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,122 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tdel.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include "db-int.h" -#include <stdio.h> - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - -/* Usage: thash pagesize fillfactor file */ -char wp1[8192]; -char wp2[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT item, key; - DB *dbp; - HASHINFO ctl; - FILE *fp; - int stat; - - int i = 0; - - argv++; - ctl.nelem = INITIAL; - ctl.hash = NULL; - ctl.bsize = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.ffactor = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.cachesize = 1024 * 1024; /* 1 MEG */ - ctl.lorder = 0; - argc -= 2; - if (!(dbp = dbopen( NULL, O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0400, DB_HASH, &ctl))) { - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot create: hash table size %d)\n", - INITIAL); - exit(1); - } - - key.data = wp1; - item.data = wp2; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, stdin) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, stdin) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - key.size = strlen(wp1); - item.size = strlen(wp2); - -/* - * enter key/data pair into the table - */ - if ((dbp->put)(dbp, &key, &item, R_NOOVERWRITE) != NULL) { - fprintf(stderr, "cannot enter: key %s\n", - item.data); - exit(1); - } - } - - if ( --argc ) { - fp = fopen ( argv[0], "r"); - i = 0; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, fp) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, fp) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { - key.size = strlen(wp1); - stat = (dbp->del)(dbp, &key, 0); - if (stat) { - fprintf ( stderr, "Error retrieving %s\n", key.data ); - exit(1); - } - } - fclose(fp); - } - (dbp->close)(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/testit b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/testit deleted file mode 100644 index c80dc4e69b..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/testit +++ /dev/null @@ -1,154 +0,0 @@ -#!/bin/csh -f -# -# @(#)testit 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 -# - -echo "" -echo "PAGE FILL " -set name=WORDS - set i = 256 - foreach j ( 11 14 21 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 512 - foreach j ( 21 28 43 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 1024 - foreach j ( 43 57 85 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 2048 - foreach j ( 85 114 171 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 4096 - foreach j ( 171 228 341 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 8192 - foreach j ( 341 455 683 ) - echo "thash4 $i $j" - ./thash4 $i $j 25000 65536 $name < $name - end - echo "PAGE FILL " - set i = 256 - foreach j ( 11 14 21 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 512 - foreach j ( 21 28 43 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 1024 - foreach j ( 43 57 85 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 2048 - foreach j ( 85 114 171 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 4096 - foreach j ( 171 228 341 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 8192 - foreach j ( 341 455 683 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 25000 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end -set name=LONG.DATA - set i = 1024 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name - ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name < $name - end - - set i = 2048 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name - ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 4096 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name - ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name < $name - end - set i = 8192 - foreach j ( 2 4 8 ) - echo ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name - ./thash4 $i $j 600 65536 $name < $name - end - echo "PAGE FILL " - set i = 1024 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 600 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 2048 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 600 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 4096 - foreach j ( 1 2 4 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 600 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - set i = 8192 - foreach j ( 2 4 8 ) - echo "$i"_"$j" - ./tcreat3 $i $j 600 $name < $name - ./tread2 65536 < $name - ./tverify $name < $name - ./tseq > /dev/null - ./tdel $i $j $name < $name - end - -./driver2 diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/thash4.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/thash4.c deleted file mode 100644 index b15b617bc7..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/thash4.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,131 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)thash4.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <errno.h> -#include "db-int.h" - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - -/* Usage: thash pagesize fillfactor file */ -char wp1[8192]; -char wp2[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT item, key, res; - DB *dbp; - HASHINFO ctl; - FILE *fp; - int stat; - time_t t; - - int i = 0; - - argv++; - ctl.hash = NULL; - ctl.bsize = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.ffactor = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.nelem = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.cachesize = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.lorder = 0; - if (!(dbp = dbopen( NULL, O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0400, DB_HASH, &ctl))) { - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot create: hash table size %d)\n", - INITIAL); - fprintf(stderr, "\terrno: %d\n", errno); - exit(1); - } - - key.data = wp1; - item.data = wp2; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, stdin) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, stdin) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - key.size = strlen(wp1); - item.size = strlen(wp2); - -/* - * enter key/data pair into the table - */ - if ((dbp->put)(dbp, &key, &item, R_NOOVERWRITE) != NULL) { - fprintf(stderr, "cannot enter: key %s\n", - item.data); - fprintf(stderr, "\terrno: %d\n", errno); - exit(1); - } - } - - if ( --argc ) { - fp = fopen ( argv[0], "r"); - i = 0; - while ( fgets(wp1, 256, fp) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, fp) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { - - key.size = strlen(wp1); - stat = (dbp->get)(dbp, &key, &res, 0); - if (stat < 0 ) { - fprintf ( stderr, "Error retrieving %s\n", key.data ); - fprintf(stderr, "\terrno: %d\n", errno); - exit(1); - } else if ( stat > 0 ) { - fprintf ( stderr, "%s not found\n", key.data ); - fprintf(stderr, "\terrno: %d\n", errno); - exit(1); - } - } - fclose(fp); - } - dbp->close(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tread2.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tread2.c deleted file mode 100644 index 1e2cc4c503..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tread2.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,105 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tread2.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include "db-int.h" - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - -typedef struct { /* info to be stored */ - int num, siz; -} info; - -char wp1[8192]; -char wp2[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT item, key, res; - DB *dbp; - HASHINFO ctl; - int stat; - - int i = 0; - - ctl.nelem = INITIAL; - ctl.hash = NULL; - ctl.bsize = 64; - ctl.ffactor = 1; - ctl.cachesize = atoi(*argv++); - ctl.lorder = 0; - if (!(dbp = dbopen( "hashtest", O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0400, DB_HASH, &ctl))) { - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot open: hash table\n" ); - exit(1); - } - - key.data = wp1; - item.data = wp2; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, stdin) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, stdin) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - key.size = strlen(wp1); - item.size = strlen(wp2); - - stat = (dbp->get)(dbp, &key, &res,0); - if (stat < 0) { - fprintf ( stderr, "Error retrieving %s\n", key.data ); - exit(1); - } else if ( stat > 0 ) { - fprintf ( stderr, "%s not found\n", key.data ); - exit(1); - } - } - (dbp->close)(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tseq.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tseq.c deleted file mode 100644 index d2d36862d1..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tseq.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,88 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tseq.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include "db-int.h" - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - - -char wp[8192]; -char cp[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT item, key, res; - DB *dbp; - FILE *fp; - int stat; - - if (!(dbp = dbopen( "hashtest", O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0400, DB_HASH, NULL))) { - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot open: hash table\n" ); - exit(1); - } - -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - for ( stat = (dbp->seq) (dbp, &res, &item, 1 ); - stat == 0; - stat = (dbp->seq) (dbp, &res, &item, 0 ) ) { - - memcpy ( wp, res.data, res.size ); - wp[res.size] = 0; - memcpy ( cp, item.data, item.size ); - cp[item.size] = 0; - - printf ( "%s %s\n", wp, cp ); - } - (dbp->close)(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tverify.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tverify.c deleted file mode 100644 index 4747804f76..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash1.tests/tverify.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,107 +0,0 @@ -/*- - * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 - * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. - * - * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by - * Margo Seltzer. - * - * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without - * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions - * are met: - * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright - * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the - * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software - * must display the following acknowledgement: - * This product includes software developed by the University of - * California, Berkeley and its contributors. - * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors - * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software - * without specific prior written permission. - * - * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND - * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE - * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE - * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE - * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL - * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS - * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) - * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT - * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY - * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF - * SUCH DAMAGE. - */ - -#ifndef lint -static char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ - The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#ifndef lint -static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tverify.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93"; -#endif /* not lint */ - -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/file.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include "db-int.h" - -#define INITIAL 25000 -#define MAXWORDS 25000 /* # of elements in search table */ - -typedef struct { /* info to be stored */ - int num, siz; -} info; - -char wp1[8192]; -char wp2[8192]; -main(argc, argv) -char **argv; -{ - DBT key, res; - DB *dbp; - HASHINFO ctl; - int trash; - int stat; - - int i = 0; - - ctl.nelem = INITIAL; - ctl.hash = NULL; - ctl.bsize = 64; - ctl.ffactor = 1; - ctl.cachesize = 1024 * 1024; /* 1 MEG */ - ctl.lorder = 0; - if (!(dbp = dbopen( "hashtest", O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0400, DB_HASH, &ctl))) { - /* create table */ - fprintf(stderr, "cannot open: hash table\n" ); - exit(1); - } - - key.data = wp1; - while ( fgets(wp1, 8192, stdin) && - fgets(wp2, 8192, stdin) && - i++ < MAXWORDS) { -/* -* put info in structure, and structure in the item -*/ - key.size = strlen(wp1); - - stat = (dbp->get)(dbp, &key, &res,0); - if (stat < 0) { - fprintf ( stderr, "Error retrieving %s\n", key.data ); - exit(1); - } else if ( stat > 0 ) { - fprintf ( stderr, "%s not found\n", key.data ); - exit(1); - } - if ( memcmp ( res.data, wp2, res.size ) ) { - fprintf ( stderr, "data for %s is incorrect. Data was %s. Should have been %s\n", key.data, res.data, wp2 ); - } - } - (dbp->close)(dbp); - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/README b/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/README deleted file mode 100644 index f29ccf7e1b..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,72 +0,0 @@ -# @(#)README 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 - -This package implements a superset of the hsearch and dbm/ndbm libraries. - -Test Programs: - All test programs which need key/data pairs expect them entered - with key and data on separate lines - - tcreat3.c - Takes - bucketsize (bsize), - fill factor (ffactor), and - initial number of elements (nelem). - Creates a hash table named hashtest containing the - keys/data pairs entered from standard in. - thash4.c - Takes - bucketsize (bsize), - fill factor (ffactor), - initial number of elements (nelem) - bytes of cache (ncached), and - file from which to read data (fname) - Creates a table from the key/data pairs on standard in and - then does a read of each key/data in fname - tdel.c - Takes - bucketsize (bsize), and - fill factor (ffactor). - file from which to read data (fname) - Reads each key/data pair from fname and deletes the - key from the hash table hashtest - tseq.c - Reads the key/data pairs in the file hashtest and writes them - to standard out. - tread2.c - Takes - butes of cache (ncached). - Reads key/data pairs from standard in and looks them up - in the file hashtest. - tverify.c - Reads key/data pairs from standard in, looks them up - in the file hashtest, and verifies that the data is - correct. - -NOTES: - -The file search.h is provided for using the hsearch compatible interface -on BSD systems. On System V derived systems, search.h should appear in -/usr/include. - -The man page ../man/db.3 explains the interface to the hashing system. -The file hash.ps is a postscript copy of a paper explaining -the history, implementation, and performance of the hash package. - -"bugs" or idiosyncracies - -If you have a lot of overflows, it is possible to run out of overflow -pages. Currently, this will cause a message to be printed on stderr. -Eventually, this will be indicated by a return error code. - -If you are using the ndbm interface and exit without flushing or closing the -file, you may lose updates since the package buffers all writes. Also, -the db interface only creates a single database file. To avoid overwriting -the user's original file, the suffix ".db" is appended to the file name -passed to dbm_open. Additionally, if your code "knows" about the historic -.dir and .pag files, it will break. - -There is a fundamental difference between this package and the old hsearch. -Hsearch requires the user to maintain the keys and data in the application's -allocated memory while hash takes care of all storage management. The down -side is that the byte strings passed in the ENTRY structure must be null -terminated (both the keys and the data). diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/bigtest.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/bigtest.c deleted file mode 100644 index 81c559ad2a..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/bigtest.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,76 +0,0 @@ -#include "db-int.h" -#include <stdio.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <assert.h> -#include <stdlib.h> - -int -main(void) -{ - HASHINFO info; - DB *db; - DBT key, value, returned; - int *data; - int n, i; - - info.bsize = 512; - info.cachesize = 500; - info.lorder = 0; - info.ffactor = 4; - info.nelem = 0; - info.hash = NULL; - - db = dbopen("big2.db", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0664, DB_HASH, &info); - data = malloc(800 * sizeof(int)); - for (n = 0; n < 800; n++) - data[n] = 0xDEADBEEF; - key.size = sizeof(int); - key.data = &n; - value.size = 800 * sizeof(int); - value.data = (void *)data; - - for (n = 0; n < 200000; n++) { - returned.data = NULL; - if (n == 4627) - printf(""); - if (n % 50 == 0) - printf("put n = %d\n", n); - if (db->put(db, &key, &value, 0) != 0) - printf("put error, n = %d\n", n); - if (db->get(db, &key, &returned, 0) != 0) - printf("Immediate get error, n = %d\n", n); - assert (returned.size == 3200); - for (i = 0; i < 800; i++) - if (((int *)returned.data)[i] != 0xDEADBEEF) - printf("ERRORRRRRR!!!\n"); - - } - - for (n = 0; n < 200000; n++) { - if (n % 50 == 0) - printf("seq n = %d\n", n); - if ((db->seq(db, &key, &returned, 0)) != 0) - printf("Seq error, n = %d\n", n); - - assert(returned.size == 3200); - - for (i = 0; i < 800; i++) - if (((int *)returned.data)[i] != 0xDEADBEEF) - printf("ERRORRRRRR!!! seq %d\n", n); - } - - for (n = 0; n < 2000; n++) { - if (n % 50 == 0) - printf("get n = %d\n", n); - if (db->get(db, &key, &returned, 0) != 0) - printf("Late get error, n = %d\n", n); - assert(returned.size == 1200); - for (i = 0; i < 300; i++) - if (((int *)returned.data)[i] != 0xDEADBEEF) - printf("ERRORRRRRR!!!, get %d\n", n); - } - db->close(db); - free(value.data); - return(0); -} - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passtest.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passtest.c deleted file mode 100644 index adb72c004b..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passtest.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ -#include "db-int.h" -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <string.h> - -extern int hash_expansions; - -int -main(void) -{ - FILE *keys, *vals; - DB *db; - DBT key, val; - char *key_line, *val_line, *get_key, *get_val, *old, *key2; - HASHINFO passwd; - int n = 0, i = 0, expected; - - key_line = (char *)malloc(100); - val_line = (char *)malloc(300); - old = (char *)malloc(300); - - keys = fopen("yp.keys", "rt"); - vals = fopen("yp.total", "rt"); - - passwd.bsize = 1024; - passwd.cachesize = 1024 * 1024; - passwd.ffactor = 10; - passwd.hash = NULL; - passwd.nelem = 0; - passwd.lorder = 4321; - - - db = dbopen("/usr/tmp/passwd.db", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0664, DB_HASH, - &passwd); - if (!db) { - fprintf(stderr, "create_db: couldn't create database file\n"); - exit(1); - } - - while ((key_line = fgets(key_line, 100, keys)) != NULL) { - if (n % 1000 == 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Putting #%d.\n", n); - n++; - fgets(val_line, 300, vals); - key.size = strlen(key_line); - key.data = (void *)key_line; - val.size = strlen(val_line); - val.data = (void *)val_line; - if (db->put(db, &key, &val, 0) != 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Put error, n = %d\n", n); - if (db->get(db, &key, &val, 0) != 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Immediate get error, n = %d\n", n); - } - fprintf(stderr, "Done with put!\n"); - free(key_line); - free(val_line); - fclose(keys); - fclose(vals); - db->close(db); - - - - - keys = fopen("yp.keys", "rt"); - vals = fopen("yp.total", "rt"); - get_key = (char *)malloc(100); - get_val = (char *)malloc(300); - - db = dbopen("/usr/tmp/passwd.db", O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0664, DB_HASH, &passwd); - if (!db) - fprintf(stderr, "Could not open db!\n"); - n = 0; - while ((get_key = fgets(get_key, 100, keys)) != NULL) { - n++; - if (n % 1000 == 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Getting #%d.\n", n); - key.size = strlen(get_key); - key.data = (void *)get_key; - if (db->get(db, &key, &val, 0) != 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Retrieval error on %s\n", get_key); - fgets(get_val, 300, vals); - if (memcmp(val.data, (void *)get_val, val.size)) { - fprintf(stderr, "Unmatched get on %s.\n", get_key); - fprintf(stderr, "Input = %s\nOutput = %s\n", get_val, - (char *)val.data); - } - } - expected = n; - fclose(vals); - fclose(keys); - free(get_key); - free(get_val); - db->close(db); - - - - - get_key = (char *)malloc(100); - get_val = (char *)malloc(300); - - db = dbopen("/usr/tmp/passwd.db", O_RDWR, 0664, DB_HASH, &passwd); - if (!db) - fprintf(stderr, "Could not open db!\n"); - n = 0; - for (;;) { - n++; - if (n % 1000 == 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Sequence getting #%d.\n", n); - if (db->seq(db, &key, &val, 0) != 0) { - fprintf(stderr, - "Exiting sequence retrieve; n = %d, expected = %d\n", - n - 1 , expected); - break; - } - } - free(get_key); - free(get_val); - db->close(db); - - get_key = (char *)malloc(100); - key2 = (char *)malloc(100); - - keys = fopen("yp.keys", "rt"); - vals = fopen("yp.total", "rt"); - - db = dbopen("/usr/tmp/passwd.db", O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0664, DB_HASH, &passwd); - n = 0; - while ((get_key = fgets(get_key, 100, keys)) != NULL) { - if (n % 1000 == 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Deleting #%d.\n", n); - n+=2; - key2 = fgets(get_key, 100, keys); - if (!key2) - break; - key.data = (void *)key2; - key.size = strlen(key2); - if (db->del(db, &key, 0) != 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Delete error on %d", n); - } - - db->close(db); - free(get_key); - free(key2); - fclose(keys); - fclose(vals); - - get_key = (char *)malloc(100); - key2 = (char *)malloc(100); - get_val = (char *)malloc(300); - - keys = fopen("yp.keys", "rt"); - vals = fopen("yp.total", "rt"); - - db = dbopen("/usr/tmp/passwd.db", O_RDWR|O_BINARY, 0664, DB_HASH, &passwd); - n = 0; - while ((get_key = fgets(get_key, 100, keys)) != NULL) { - n += 2; - if (n % 1000 == 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Re-retrieving #%d.\n", n); - key2 = fgets(key2, 100, keys); - if (!key2) - break; - key.data = (void *)get_key; - key.size = strlen(get_key); - if (db->get(db, &key, &val, 0) != 0) - fprintf(stderr, "Retrieval after delete error on %d\n", n); - fgets(get_val, 300, vals); - if (memcmp(val.data, (void *)get_val, val.size)) { - fprintf(stderr, "Unmatched get after delete on %s.\n", get_key); - fprintf(stderr, "Input = %s\nOutput = %s\n", get_val, - (char *)val.data); - } - fgets(get_val, 300, vals); - } - - db->close(db); - free(get_key); - free(key2); - free(get_val); - fclose(keys); - fclose(vals); - - exit(0); -} diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passwd/genpass.c b/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passwd/genpass.c deleted file mode 100644 index da37676878..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/hash2.tests/passwd/genpass.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,23 +0,0 @@ -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> - -void -main(int argc, char **argv) -{ - int i,j,n; - char *pass[8], r; - - n = atoi(argv[1]); - - srandom(101173); - for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { - for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { - r = random() % 122; - while (r < 48) - r += random() % (122 - r); - printf("%c", r); - } - printf("\n"); - } -} - diff --git a/src/util/db2/test/run.test b/src/util/db2/test/run.test deleted file mode 100644 index 48c3a63d0e..0000000000 --- a/src/util/db2/test/run.test +++ /dev/null @@ -1,746 +0,0 @@ -#!/bin/sh - -# -# @(#)run.test 8.13 (Berkeley) 11/2/95 -# - -# db regression tests -main() -{ - - PROG=./dbtest - TMP1=${TMPDIR-.}/t1 - TMP2=${TMPDIR-.}/t2 - TMP3=${TMPDIR-.}/t3 - - if [ \! -z "$WORDLIST" -a -f "$WORDLIST" ]; then - DICT=$WORDLIST - elif [ -f /usr/local/lib/dict/words ]; then - DICT=/usr/local/lib/dict/words - elif [ -f /usr/share/dict/words ]; then - DICT=/usr/share/dict/words - elif [ -f /usr/dict/words ]; then - DICT=/usr/dict/words - elif [ -f /usr/share/lib/dict/words ]; then - DICT=/usr/share/lib/dict/words - elif [ -f $srcdir/../test/dictionary ]; then - DICT=`cd $srcdir/../test && pwd`/dictionary - else - echo 'run.test: no dictionary' - exit 1 - fi - - dictsize=`wc -l < $DICT` - - bindir=/bin/. - - if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then - for t in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 20; do - test$t - done - else - while [ $# -gt 0 ] - do case "$1" in - test*) - $1;; - [0-9]*) - test$1;; - btree) - for t in 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 12 13; do - test$t - done;; - hash) - for t in 1 2 3 8 13 20; do - test$t - done;; - recno) - for t in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11; do - test$t - done;; - *) - echo "run.test: unknown test $1" - echo "usage: run.test test# | type" - exit 1 - esac - shift - done - fi - rm -f $TMP1 $TMP2 $TMP3 - exit 0 -} - -getnwords() { - # Delete blank lines because the db code appears not to - # like empty keys. On Debian Linux, $DICT appears to contain - # some non-ASCII characters, and "rev" chokes on them. - sed -e '/^$/d' < $DICT | cat -v | sed -e ${1}q -} - -# Take the first hundred entries in the dictionary, and make them -# be key/data pairs. -test1() -{ - echo "Test 1: btree, hash: small key, small data pairs" - getnwords 200 > $TMP1 - for type in btree hash; do - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `cat $TMP1`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo d$i - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test1: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - echo "Test 1: recno: small key, small data pairs" - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - awk '{ - ++i; - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\ng\nk%d\n", i, $0, i); - }' < $TMP1 > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test1: type recno: failed" - exit 1 - fi -} - -# Take the first 200 entries in the dictionary, and give them -# each a medium size data entry. -test2() -{ - echo "Test 2: btree, hash: small key, medium data pairs" - mdata=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz - echo $mdata | - awk '{ for (i = 1; i < 201; ++i) print $0 }' > $TMP1 - for type in hash btree; do - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `getnwords 200`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo d$mdata - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test2: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - echo "Test 2: recno: small key, medium data pairs" - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - echo $mdata | - awk '{ for (i = 1; i < 201; ++i) - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\ng\nk%d\n", i, $0, i); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test2: type recno: failed" - exit 1 - fi -} - -# Insert the programs in $bindir with their paths as their keys. -test3() -{ - echo "Test 3: hash: small key, big data pairs" - rm -f $TMP1 - (find $bindir -type f -exec test -r {} \; -print | xargs cat) > $TMP1 - for type in hash; do - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `find $bindir -type f -exec test -r {} \; -print`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo D$i - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test3: $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - echo "Test 3: btree: small key, big data pairs" - for psize in 512 16384 65536; do - echo " page size $psize" - for type in btree; do - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `find $bindir -type f -exec test -r {} \; -print`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo D$i - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -i psize=$psize -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test3: $type: page size $psize: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - done - echo "Test 3: recno: big data pairs" - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - find $bindir -type f -exec test -r {} \; -print | - awk '{ - ++i; - printf("p\nk%d\nD%s\ng\nk%d\n", i, $0, i); - }' > $TMP2 - for psize in 512 16384 65536; do - echo " page size $psize" - $PROG -i psize=$psize -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test3: recno: page size $psize: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Do random recno entries. -test4() -{ - echo "Test 4: recno: random entries" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 37; i <= 37 + 88 * 17; i += 17) { - if (i % 41) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 41); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - for (i = 1; i <= 15; ++i) { - if (i % 41) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 41); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - for (i = 19234; i <= 19234 + 61 * 27; i += 27) { - if (i % 41) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 41); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - exit - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - cat $TMP1 | - awk 'BEGIN { - i = 37; - incr = 17; - } - { - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", i, $0); - if (i == 19234 + 61 * 27) - exit; - if (i == 37 + 88 * 17) { - i = 1; - incr = 1; - } else if (i == 15) { - i = 19234; - incr = 27; - } else - i += incr; - } - END { - for (i = 37; i <= 37 + 88 * 17; i += 17) - printf("g\nk%d\n", i); - for (i = 1; i <= 15; ++i) - printf("g\nk%d\n", i); - for (i = 19234; i <= 19234 + 61 * 27; i += 27) - printf("g\nk%d\n", i); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test4: type recno: failed" - exit 1 - fi -} - -# Do reverse order recno entries. -test5() -{ - echo "Test 5: recno: reverse order entries" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk ' { - for (i = 1500; i; --i) { - if (i % 34) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 34); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - cat $TMP1 | - awk 'BEGIN { - i = 1500; - } - { - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", i, $0); - --i; - } - END { - for (i = 1500; i; --i) - printf("g\nk%d\n", i); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test5: type recno: failed" - exit 1 - fi -} - -# Do alternating order recno entries. -test6() -{ - echo "Test 6: recno: alternating order entries" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk ' { - for (i = 1; i < 1200; i += 2) { - if (i % 34) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 34); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - for (i = 2; i < 1200; i += 2) { - if (i % 34) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 34); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("input key %d: %s\n", i, s); - } - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - cat $TMP1 | - awk 'BEGIN { - i = 1; - even = 0; - } - { - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", i, $0); - i += 2; - if (i >= 1200) { - if (even == 1) - exit; - even = 1; - i = 2; - } - } - END { - for (i = 1; i < 1200; ++i) - printf("g\nk%d\n", i); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - sort -o $TMP1 $TMP1 - sort -o $TMP3 $TMP3 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test6: type recno: failed" - exit 1 - fi -} - -# Delete cursor record -test7() -{ - echo "Test 7: btree, recno: delete cursor record" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 1; i <= 120; ++i) - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", i, i, $0); - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", 120, 120, $0); - printf("seq failed, no such key\n"); - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", 1, 1, $0); - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", 2, 2, $0); - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - - for type in btree recno; do - cat $TMP1 | - awk '{ - if (i == 120) - exit; - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", ++i, $0); - } - END { - printf("fR_NEXT\n"); - for (i = 1; i <= 120; ++i) - printf("s\n"); - printf("fR_CURSOR\ns\nk120\n"); - printf("r\n"); - printf("fR_NEXT\ns\n"); - printf("fR_CURSOR\ns\nk1\n"); - printf("r\n"); - printf("fR_FIRST\ns\n"); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 recno $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test7: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Make sure that overflow pages are reused. -test8() -{ - echo "Test 8: btree: repeated small key, big data pairs" - rm -f $TMP1 - echo "" | - awk 'BEGIN { - for (i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) { - printf("p\nkkey1\nD/bin/sh\n"); - printf("p\nkkey2\nD/bin/csh\n"); - if (i % 8 == 0) { - printf("c\nkkey2\nD/bin/csh\n"); - printf("c\nkkey1\nD/bin/sh\n"); - printf("e\t%d of 10 (comparison)\n", i); - } else - printf("e\t%d of 10 \n", i); - printf("r\nkkey1\nr\nkkey2\n"); - } - }' > $TMP1 - if $PROG btree $TMP1 ; then - true - else - echo "test8: btree tests failed" - exit 1 - fi -# $PROG hash $TMP1 - # No explicit test for success. -} - -# Test btree duplicate keys -test9() -{ - echo "Test 9: btree: duplicate keys" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 1; i <= 543; ++i) - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", i, i, $0); - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - - for type in btree; do - cat $TMP1 | - awk '{ - if (i++ % 2) - printf("p\nkduplicatekey\nd%s\n", $0); - else - printf("p\nkunique%dkey\nd%s\n", i, $0); - } - END { - printf("o\n"); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -iflags=1 -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - sort -o $TMP3 $TMP3 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test9: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Test use of cursor flags without initialization -test10() -{ - echo "Test 10: btree, recno: test cursor flag use" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 1; i <= 20; ++i) - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", i, i, $0); - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - - # Test that R_CURSOR doesn't succeed before cursor initialized - for type in btree recno; do - cat $TMP1 | - awk '{ - if (i == 10) - exit; - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", ++i, $0); - } - END { - printf("fR_CURSOR\nr\n"); - printf("eR_CURSOR SHOULD HAVE FAILED\n"); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 > /dev/null 2>&1 - if [ -s $TMP3 ] ; then - echo "Test 10: delete: R_CURSOR SHOULD HAVE FAILED" - exit 1 - fi - done - for type in btree recno; do - cat $TMP1 | - awk '{ - if (i == 10) - exit; - printf("p\nk%d\nd%s\n", ++i, $0); - } - END { - printf("fR_CURSOR\np\nk1\ndsome data\n"); - printf("eR_CURSOR SHOULD HAVE FAILED\n"); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 > /dev/null 2>&1 - if [ -s $TMP3 ] ; then - echo "Test 10: put: R_CURSOR SHOULD HAVE FAILED" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Test insert in reverse order. -test11() -{ - echo "Test 11: recno: reverse order insert" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 1; i <= 779; ++i) - printf("%05d: input key %d: %s\n", i, i, $0); - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - - for type in recno; do - cat $TMP1 | - awk '{ - if (i == 0) { - i = 1; - printf("p\nk1\nd%s\n", $0); - printf("%s\n", "fR_IBEFORE"); - } else - printf("p\nk1\nd%s\n", $0); - } - END { - printf("or\n"); - }' > $TMP2 - $PROG -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test11: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Take the first 20000 entries in the dictionary, reverse them, and give -# them each a small size data entry. Use a small page size to make sure -# the btree split code gets hammered. -test12() -{ - if ( rev < /dev/null ) > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then - : - else - echo "Test 12: skipped, rev not found" - return - fi - if test $dictsize -lt 20001 ; then - echo "Test 12: skipped, dictionary too small" - return - else - : - fi - echo "Test 12: btree: lots of keys, small page size" - mdata=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy - echo $mdata | - awk '{ for (i = 1; i < 20001; ++i) print $0 }' > $TMP1 - for type in btree; do - rm -f $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `getnwords 20000 | rev`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo d$mdata - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -i psize=512 -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test12: type $type: failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -# Test different byte orders. -test13() -{ - echo "Test 13: btree, hash: differing byte orders" - getnwords 50 > $TMP1 - for order in 1234 4321; do - for type in btree hash; do - rm -f byte.file $TMP2 $TMP3 - for i in `cat $TMP1`; do - echo p - echo k$i - echo d$i - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -ilorder=$order -f byte.file -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test13: $type/$order put failed" - exit 1 - fi - for i in `cat $TMP1`; do - echo g - echo k$i - done > $TMP2 - $PROG -s \ - -ilorder=$order -f byte.file -o $TMP3 $type $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test13: $type/$order get failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - done - rm -f byte.file -} - -# Try a variety of bucketsizes and fill factors for hashing -test20() -{ - if test $dictsize -lt 10001 ; then - echo "Test 20: skipped, dictionary too small" - return - else - : - fi - echo\ - "Test 20: hash: bucketsize, fill factor; nelem 25000 cachesize 65536" - echo "abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" | - awk '{ - for (i = 1; i <= 10000; ++i) { - if (i % 34) - s = substr($0, 1, i % 34); - else - s = substr($0, 1); - printf("%s\n", s); - } - exit; - }' > $TMP1 - getnwords 10000 | - awk 'BEGIN { - ds="abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg abcdefg" - } - { - if (++i % 34) - s = substr(ds, 1, i % 34); - else - s = substr(ds, 1); - printf("p\nk%s\nd%s\n", $0, s); - }' > $TMP2 - getnwords 10000 | - awk '{ - ++i; - printf("g\nk%s\n", $0); - }' >> $TMP2 - bsize=256 - for ffactor in 11 14 21; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - bsize=512 - for ffactor in 21 28 43; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - bsize=1024 - for ffactor in 43 57 85; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - bsize=2048 - for ffactor in 85 114 171; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - bsize=4096 - for ffactor in 171 228 341; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done - bsize=8192 - for ffactor in 341 455 683; do - echo " bucketsize $bsize, fill factor $ffactor" - $PROG -o$TMP3 \ - -ibsize=$bsize,ffactor=$ffactor,nelem=25000,cachesize=65536\ - hash $TMP2 - if (cmp -s $TMP1 $TMP3) ; then : - else - echo "test20: type hash:\ -bsize=$bsize ffactor=$ffactor nelem=25000 cachesize=65536 failed" - exit 1 - fi - done -} - -main $* |