Merged trunk.

56 files changed, 1698 insertions, 645 deletions

diff --git a/Authors b/Authors
index c440d3c11..1cdeeff99 100644
--- a/Authors
+++ b/Authors
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+Alex Meade <alex.meade@rackspace.com>
 Andy Smith <code@term.ie>
 Andy Southgate <andy.southgate@citrix.com>
 Anne Gentle <anne@openstack.org>
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ Joshua McKenty <jmckenty@gmail.com>
 Justin Santa Barbara <justin@fathomdb.com>
 Kei Masumoto <masumotok@nttdata.co.jp>
 Ken Pepple <ken.pepple@gmail.com>
+Kevin Bringard <kbringard@attinteractive.com>
 Kevin L. Mitchell <kevin.mitchell@rackspace.com>
 Koji Iida <iida.koji@lab.ntt.co.jp>
 Lorin Hochstein <lorin@isi.edu>
diff --git a/bin/nova-manage b/bin/nova-manage
index c8230670a..2f6af6e2d 100755
--- a/bin/nova-manage
+++ b/bin/nova-manage
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ from nova import log as logging
 from nova import quota
 from nova import rpc
 from nova import utils
+from nova import version
 from nova.api.ec2 import ec2utils
 from nova.auth import manager
 from nova.cloudpipe import pipelib
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ class VpnCommands(object):
                     state = 'up'
                 print address,
                 print vpn['host'],
-                print vpn['ec2_id'],
+                print ec2utils.id_to_ec2_id(vpn['id']),
                 print vpn['state_description'],
                 print state
             else:
@@ -385,10 +386,10 @@ class ProjectCommands(object):
         with open(filename, 'w') as f:
             f.write(rc)
 
-    def list(self):
+    def list(self, username=None):
         """Lists all projects
-        arguments: <none>"""
-        for project in self.manager.get_projects():
+        arguments: [username]"""
+        for project in self.manager.get_projects(username):
             print project.name
 
     def quota(self, project_id, key=None, value=None):
@@ -758,6 +759,17 @@ class DbCommands(object):
         print migration.db_version()
 
 
+class VersionCommands(object):
+    """Class for exposing the codebase version."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def list(self):
+        print _("%s (%s)") %\
+                (version.version_string(), version.version_string_with_vcs())
+
+
 class VolumeCommands(object):
     """Methods for dealing with a cloud in an odd state"""
 
@@ -1049,7 +1061,8 @@ CATEGORIES = [
     ('volume', VolumeCommands),
     ('instance_type', InstanceTypeCommands),
     ('image', ImageCommands),
-    ('flavor', InstanceTypeCommands)]
+    ('flavor', InstanceTypeCommands),
+    ('version', VersionCommands)]
 
 
 def lazy_match(name, key_value_tuples):
@@ -1091,6 +1104,8 @@ def main():
 
     script_name = argv.pop(0)
     if len(argv) < 1:
+        print _("\nOpenStack Nova version: %s (%s)\n") %\
+                (version.version_string(), version.version_string_with_vcs())
         print script_name + " category action [<args>]"
         print _("Available categories:")
         for k, _v in CATEGORIES:
diff --git a/doc/source/_theme/layout.html b/doc/source/_theme/layout.html
index 0a37a7943..b28edb364 100644
--- a/doc/source/_theme/layout.html
+++ b/doc/source/_theme/layout.html
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
           <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
           
           <p class="triangle-border right">
-				Psst... hey. You're reading the latest content, but it might be out of sync with code. You can read <a href="http://nova.openstack.org/2011.1">Nova 2011.1 docs</a> or <a href="http://docs.openstack.org">all OpenStack docs</a> too.
+				Psst... hey. You're reading the latest content, but it might be out of sync with code. You can read <a href="http://nova.openstack.org/2011.2">Nova 2011.2 docs</a> or <a href="http://docs.openstack.org">all OpenStack docs</a> too.
 			</p>
           
           {%- endif %}
diff --git a/nova/api/ec2/__init__.py b/nova/api/ec2/__init__.py
index a3c3b25a1..cd59340bd 100644
--- a/nova/api/ec2/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/api/ec2/__init__.py
@@ -46,8 +46,6 @@ flags.DEFINE_integer('lockout_minutes', 15,
                      'Number of minutes to lockout if triggered.')
 flags.DEFINE_integer('lockout_window', 15,
                      'Number of minutes for lockout window.')
-flags.DEFINE_list('lockout_memcached_servers', None,
-                  'Memcached servers or None for in process cache.')
 
 
 class RequestLogging(wsgi.Middleware):
@@ -107,11 +105,11 @@ class Lockout(wsgi.Middleware):
 
     def __init__(self, application):
         """middleware can use fake for testing."""
-        if FLAGS.lockout_memcached_servers:
+        if FLAGS.memcached_servers:
             import memcache
         else:
             from nova import fakememcache as memcache
-        self.mc = memcache.Client(FLAGS.lockout_memcached_servers,
+        self.mc = memcache.Client(FLAGS.memcached_servers,
                                   debug=0)
         super(Lockout, self).__init__(application)
 
@@ -322,9 +320,7 @@ class Executor(wsgi.Application):
         except exception.InstanceNotFound as ex:
             LOG.info(_('InstanceNotFound raised: %s'), unicode(ex),
                      context=context)
-            ec2_id = ec2utils.id_to_ec2_id(ex.instance_id)
-            message = _('Instance %s not found') % ec2_id
-            return self._error(req, context, type(ex).__name__, message)
+            return self._error(req, context, type(ex).__name__, ex.message)
         except exception.VolumeNotFound as ex:
             LOG.info(_('VolumeNotFound raised: %s'), unicode(ex),
                      context=context)
diff --git a/nova/api/ec2/cloud.py b/nova/api/ec2/cloud.py
index 9f4c0c05e..092b80fa2 100644
--- a/nova/api/ec2/cloud.py
+++ b/nova/api/ec2/cloud.py
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ flags.DECLARE('service_down_time', 'nova.scheduler.driver')
 
 LOG = logging.getLogger("nova.api.cloud")
 
-InvalidInputException = exception.InvalidInputException
-
 
 def _gen_key(context, user_id, key_name):
     """Generate a key
@@ -61,8 +59,7 @@ def _gen_key(context, user_id, key_name):
     #             creation before creating key_pair
     try:
         db.key_pair_get(context, user_id, key_name)
-        raise exception.Duplicate(_("The key_pair %s already exists")
-                                  % key_name)
+        raise exception.KeyPairExists(key_name=key_name)
     except exception.NotFound:
         pass
     private_key, public_key, fingerprint = crypto.generate_key_pair()
@@ -399,11 +396,11 @@ class CloudController(object):
             ip_protocol = str(ip_protocol)
 
             if ip_protocol.upper() not in ['TCP', 'UDP', 'ICMP']:
-                raise InvalidInputException(_('%s is not a valid ipProtocol') %
-                                            (ip_protocol,))
+                raise exception.InvalidIpProtocol(protocol=ip_protocol)
             if ((min(from_port, to_port) < -1) or
                 (max(from_port, to_port) > 65535)):
-                raise InvalidInputException(_('Invalid port range'))
+                raise exception.InvalidPortRange(from_port=from_port,
+                                                 to_port=to_port)
 
             values['protocol'] = ip_protocol
             values['from_port'] = from_port
@@ -909,11 +906,11 @@ class CloudController(object):
         try:
             internal_id = ec2utils.ec2_id_to_id(ec2_id)
             return self.image_service.show(context, internal_id)
-        except exception.NotFound:
+        except ValueError:
             try:
                 return self.image_service.show_by_name(context, ec2_id)
             except exception.NotFound:
-                raise exception.NotFound(_('Image %s not found') % ec2_id)
+                raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=ec2_id)
 
     def _format_image(self, image):
         """Convert from format defined by BaseImageService to S3 format."""
@@ -957,8 +954,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
                 try:
                     image = self._get_image(context, ec2_id)
                 except exception.NotFound:
-                    raise exception.NotFound(_('Image %s not found') %
-                                             ec2_id)
+                    raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=ec2_id)
                 images.append(image)
         else:
             images = self.image_service.detail(context)
@@ -992,7 +988,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
         try:
             image = self._get_image(context, image_id)
         except exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('Image %s not found') % image_id)
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         result = {'imageId': image_id, 'launchPermission': []}
         if image['is_public']:
             result['launchPermission'].append({'group': 'all'})
@@ -1015,7 +1011,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
         try:
             image = self._get_image(context, image_id)
         except exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('Image %s not found') % image_id)
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         internal_id = image['id']
         del(image['id'])
 
diff --git a/nova/api/ec2/ec2utils.py b/nova/api/ec2/ec2utils.py
index 3b34f6ea5..1ac48163c 100644
--- a/nova/api/ec2/ec2utils.py
+++ b/nova/api/ec2/ec2utils.py
@@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ from nova import exception
 
 def ec2_id_to_id(ec2_id):
     """Convert an ec2 ID (i-[base 16 number]) to an instance id (int)"""
-    try:
-        return int(ec2_id.split('-')[-1], 16)
-    except ValueError:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("Id %s Not Found") % ec2_id)
+    return int(ec2_id.split('-')[-1], 16)
 
 
 def id_to_ec2_id(instance_id, template='i-%08x'):
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/__init__.py b/nova/api/openstack/__init__.py
index 5e76a06f7..348b70d5b 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/__init__.py
@@ -112,9 +112,6 @@ class APIRouter(wsgi.Router):
                         parent_resource=dict(member_name='server',
                         collection_name='servers'))
 
-        _limits = limits.LimitsController()
-        mapper.resource("limit", "limits", controller=_limits)
-
         super(APIRouter, self).__init__(mapper)
 
 
@@ -145,6 +142,9 @@ class APIRouterV10(APIRouter):
                         parent_resource=dict(member_name='server',
                         collection_name='servers'))
 
+        mapper.resource("limit", "limits",
+                        controller=limits.LimitsControllerV10())
+
         mapper.resource("ip", "ips", controller=ips.Controller(),
                         collection=dict(public='GET', private='GET'),
                         parent_resource=dict(member_name='server',
@@ -178,3 +178,6 @@ class APIRouterV11(APIRouter):
         mapper.resource("flavor", "flavors",
                         controller=flavors.ControllerV11(),
                         collection={'detail': 'GET'})
+
+        mapper.resource("limit", "limits",
+                        controller=limits.LimitsControllerV11())
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/accounts.py b/nova/api/openstack/accounts.py
index 6e3763e47..00fdd4540 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/accounts.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/accounts.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Controller(common.OpenstackController):
         """We cannot depend on the db layer to check for admin access
            for the auth manager, so we do it here"""
         if not context.is_admin:
-            raise exception.NotAuthorized(_("Not admin user."))
+            raise exception.AdminRequired()
 
     def index(self, req):
         raise faults.Fault(webob.exc.HTTPNotImplemented())
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/common.py b/nova/api/openstack/common.py
index 0b6dc944a..32cd689ca 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/common.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/common.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #    under the License.
 
+import re
 from urlparse import urlparse
 
 import webob
@@ -124,16 +125,22 @@ def get_image_id_from_image_hash(image_service, context, image_hash):
                     "should have numerical format") % image_id
             LOG.error(msg)
             raise Exception(msg)
-    raise exception.NotFound(image_hash)
+    raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_hash)
 
 
 def get_id_from_href(href):
     """Return the id portion of a url as an int.
 
-    Given: http://www.foo.com/bar/123?q=4
+    Given: 'http://www.foo.com/bar/123?q=4'
+    Returns: 123
+
+    In order to support local hrefs, the href argument can be just an id:
+    Given: '123'
     Returns: 123
 
     """
+    if re.match(r'\d+$', str(href)):
+        return int(href)
     try:
         return int(urlparse(href).path.split('/')[-1])
     except:
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/images.py b/nova/api/openstack/images.py
index 77baf5947..34d4c27fc 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/images.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/images.py
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class Controller(common.OpenstackController):
             raise webob.exc.HTTPBadRequest()
 
         image = self._compute_service.snapshot(context, server_id, image_name)
-        return self.get_builder(req).build(image, detail=True)
+        return dict(image=self.get_builder(req).build(image, detail=True))
 
     def get_builder(self, request):
         """Indicates that you must use a Controller subclass."""
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/limits.py b/nova/api/openstack/limits.py
index 9877af191..47bc238f1 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/limits.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/limits.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from webob.dec import wsgify
 from nova import wsgi
 from nova.api.openstack import common
 from nova.api.openstack import faults
-from nova.wsgi import Middleware
+from nova.api.openstack.views import limits as limits_views
 
 
 # Convenience constants for the limits dictionary passed to Limiter().
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ class LimitsController(common.OpenstackController):
     _serialization_metadata = {
         "application/xml": {
             "attributes": {
-                "limit": ["verb", "URI", "regex", "value", "unit",
-                    "resetTime", "remaining", "name"],
+                "limit": ["verb", "URI", "uri", "regex", "value", "unit",
+                    "resetTime", "next-available", "remaining", "name"],
             },
             "plurals": {
                 "rate": "limit",
@@ -67,12 +67,21 @@ class LimitsController(common.OpenstackController):
         abs_limits = {}
         rate_limits = req.environ.get("nova.limits", [])
 
-        return {
-            "limits": {
-                "rate": rate_limits,
-                "absolute": abs_limits,
-            },
-        }
+        builder = self._get_view_builder(req)
+        return builder.build(rate_limits, abs_limits)
+
+    def _get_view_builder(self, req):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class LimitsControllerV10(LimitsController):
+    def _get_view_builder(self, req):
+        return limits_views.ViewBuilderV10()
+
+
+class LimitsControllerV11(LimitsController):
+    def _get_view_builder(self, req):
+        return limits_views.ViewBuilderV11()
 
 
 class Limit(object):
@@ -186,7 +195,7 @@ DEFAULT_LIMITS = [
 ]
 
 
-class RateLimitingMiddleware(Middleware):
+class RateLimitingMiddleware(wsgi.Middleware):
     """
     Rate-limits requests passing through this middleware. All limit information
     is stored in memory for this implementation.
@@ -200,7 +209,7 @@ class RateLimitingMiddleware(Middleware):
         @param application: WSGI application to wrap
         @param limits: List of dictionaries describing limits
         """
-        Middleware.__init__(self, application)
+        wsgi.Middleware.__init__(self, application)
         self._limiter = Limiter(limits or DEFAULT_LIMITS)
 
     @wsgify(RequestClass=wsgi.Request)
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/servers.py b/nova/api/openstack/servers.py
index 88128fd1f..3cf78e32c 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/servers.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/servers.py
@@ -14,28 +14,25 @@
 #    under the License.
 
 import base64
-import hashlib
 import traceback
 
 from webob import exc
 from xml.dom import minidom
 
 from nova import compute
-from nova import context
 from nova import exception
 from nova import flags
 from nova import log as logging
 from nova import quota
 from nova import utils
-from nova import wsgi
 from nova.api.openstack import common
 from nova.api.openstack import faults
 import nova.api.openstack.views.addresses
 import nova.api.openstack.views.flavors
+import nova.api.openstack.views.images
 import nova.api.openstack.views.servers
 from nova.auth import manager as auth_manager
 from nova.compute import instance_types
-from nova.compute import power_state
 import nova.api.openstack
 from nova.scheduler import api as scheduler_api
 
@@ -320,10 +317,6 @@ class Controller(common.OpenstackController):
             return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest())
         return exc.HTTPAccepted()
 
-    def _action_rebuild(self, input_dict, req, id):
-        LOG.debug(_("Rebuild server action is not implemented"))
-        return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPNotImplemented())
-
     def _action_resize(self, input_dict, req, id):
         """ Resizes a given instance to the flavor size requested """
         try:
@@ -573,14 +566,12 @@ class Controller(common.OpenstackController):
         try:
             kernel_id = image_meta['properties']['kernel_id']
         except KeyError:
-            raise exception.NotFound(
-                _("Kernel not found for image %(image_id)s") % locals())
+            raise exception.KernelNotFoundForImage(image_id=image_id)
 
         try:
             ramdisk_id = image_meta['properties']['ramdisk_id']
         except KeyError:
-            raise exception.NotFound(
-                _("Ramdisk not found for image %(image_id)s") % locals())
+            raise exception.RamdiskNotFoundForImage(image_id=image_id)
 
         return kernel_id, ramdisk_id
 
@@ -597,9 +588,6 @@ class ControllerV10(Controller):
         return nova.api.openstack.views.servers.ViewBuilderV10(
             addresses_builder)
 
-    def _get_addresses_view_builder(self, req):
-        return nova.api.openstack.views.addresses.ViewBuilderV10(req)
-
     def _limit_items(self, items, req):
         return common.limited(items, req)
 
@@ -611,6 +599,28 @@ class ControllerV10(Controller):
             except exception.TimeoutException:
                 return exc.HTTPRequestTimeout()
 
+    def _action_rebuild(self, info, request, instance_id):
+        context = request.environ['nova.context']
+        instance_id = int(instance_id)
+
+        try:
+            image_id = info["rebuild"]["imageId"]
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            msg = _("Could not parse imageId from request.")
+            LOG.debug(msg)
+            return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg))
+
+        try:
+            self.compute_api.rebuild(context, instance_id, image_id)
+        except exception.BuildInProgress:
+            msg = _("Instance %d is currently being rebuilt.") % instance_id
+            LOG.debug(msg)
+            return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPConflict(explanation=msg))
+
+        response = exc.HTTPAccepted()
+        response.empty_body = True
+        return response
+
 
 class ControllerV11(Controller):
     def _image_id_from_req_data(self, data):
@@ -631,9 +641,6 @@ class ControllerV11(Controller):
         return nova.api.openstack.views.servers.ViewBuilderV11(
             addresses_builder, flavor_builder, image_builder, base_url)
 
-    def _get_addresses_view_builder(self, req):
-        return nova.api.openstack.views.addresses.ViewBuilderV11(req)
-
     def _action_change_password(self, input_dict, req, id):
         context = req.environ['nova.context']
         if (not 'changePassword' in input_dict
@@ -650,6 +657,63 @@ class ControllerV11(Controller):
     def _limit_items(self, items, req):
         return common.limited_by_marker(items, req)
 
+    def _validate_metadata(self, metadata):
+        """Ensure that we can work with the metadata given."""
+        try:
+            metadata.iteritems()
+        except AttributeError as ex:
+            msg = _("Unable to parse metadata key/value pairs.")
+            LOG.debug(msg)
+            raise faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg))
+
+    def _decode_personalities(self, personalities):
+        """Decode the Base64-encoded personalities."""
+        for personality in personalities:
+            try:
+                path = personality["path"]
+                contents = personality["contents"]
+            except (KeyError, TypeError):
+                msg = _("Unable to parse personality path/contents.")
+                LOG.info(msg)
+                raise faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg))
+
+            try:
+                personality["contents"] = base64.b64decode(contents)
+            except TypeError:
+                msg = _("Personality content could not be Base64 decoded.")
+                LOG.info(msg)
+                raise faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg))
+
+    def _action_rebuild(self, info, request, instance_id):
+        context = request.environ['nova.context']
+        instance_id = int(instance_id)
+
+        try:
+            image_ref = info["rebuild"]["imageRef"]
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            msg = _("Could not parse imageRef from request.")
+            LOG.debug(msg)
+            return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg))
+
+        image_id = common.get_id_from_href(image_ref)
+        personalities = info["rebuild"].get("personality", [])
+        metadata = info["rebuild"].get("metadata", {})
+
+        self._validate_metadata(metadata)
+        self._decode_personalities(personalities)
+
+        try:
+            self.compute_api.rebuild(context, instance_id, image_id, metadata,
+                                     personalities)
+        except exception.BuildInProgress:
+            msg = _("Instance %d is currently being rebuilt.") % instance_id
+            LOG.debug(msg)
+            return faults.Fault(exc.HTTPConflict(explanation=msg))
+
+        response = exc.HTTPAccepted()
+        response.empty_body = True
+        return response
+
     def _get_server_admin_password(self, server):
         """ Determine the admin password for a server on creation """
         password = server.get('adminPass')
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/users.py b/nova/api/openstack/users.py
index 077ccfc79..7ae4c3232 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/users.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/users.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Controller(common.OpenstackController):
         """We cannot depend on the db layer to check for admin access
            for the auth manager, so we do it here"""
         if not context.is_admin:
-            raise exception.NotAuthorized(_("Not admin user"))
+            raise exception.AdminRequired()
 
     def index(self, req):
         """Return all users in brief"""
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/views/images.py b/nova/api/openstack/views/images.py
index 9dec8a355..2773c9c13 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/views/images.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/views/images.py
@@ -46,6 +46,14 @@ class ViewBuilder(object):
         except KeyError:
             image['status'] = image['status'].upper()
 
+    def _build_server(self, image, instance_id):
+        """Indicates that you must use a ViewBuilder subclass."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def generate_server_ref(self, server_id):
+        """Return an href string pointing to this server."""
+        return os.path.join(self._url, "servers", str(server_id))
+
     def generate_href(self, image_id):
         """Return an href string pointing to this object."""
         return os.path.join(self._url, "images", str(image_id))
@@ -66,7 +74,7 @@ class ViewBuilder(object):
 
         if "instance_id" in properties:
             try:
-                image["serverId"] = int(properties["instance_id"])
+                self._build_server(image, int(properties["instance_id"]))
             except ValueError:
                 pass
 
@@ -85,12 +93,17 @@ class ViewBuilder(object):
 
 class ViewBuilderV10(ViewBuilder):
     """OpenStack API v1.0 Image Builder"""
-    pass
+
+    def _build_server(self, image, instance_id):
+        image["serverId"] = instance_id
 
 
 class ViewBuilderV11(ViewBuilder):
     """OpenStack API v1.1 Image Builder"""
 
+    def _build_server(self, image, instance_id):
+        image["serverRef"] = self.generate_server_ref(instance_id)
+
     def build(self, image_obj, detail=False):
         """Return a standardized image structure for display by the API."""
         image = ViewBuilder.build(self, image_obj, detail)
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/views/limits.py b/nova/api/openstack/views/limits.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..552db39ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/views/limits.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010-2011 OpenStack LLC.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+import time
+
+from nova.api.openstack import common
+
+
+class ViewBuilder(object):
+    """Openstack API base limits view builder."""
+
+    def build(self, rate_limits, absolute_limits):
+        rate_limits = self._build_rate_limits(rate_limits)
+        absolute_limits = self._build_absolute_limits(absolute_limits)
+
+        output = {
+            "limits": {
+                "rate": rate_limits,
+                "absolute": absolute_limits,
+            },
+        }
+
+        return output
+
+
+class ViewBuilderV10(ViewBuilder):
+    """Openstack API v1.0 limits view builder."""
+
+    def _build_rate_limits(self, rate_limits):
+        return [self._build_rate_limit(r) for r in rate_limits]
+
+    def _build_rate_limit(self, rate_limit):
+        return {
+            "verb": rate_limit["verb"],
+            "URI": rate_limit["URI"],
+            "regex": rate_limit["regex"],
+            "value": rate_limit["value"],
+            "remaining": int(rate_limit["remaining"]),
+            "unit": rate_limit["unit"],
+            "resetTime": rate_limit["resetTime"],
+        }
+
+    def _build_absolute_limits(self, absolute_limit):
+        return {}
+
+
+class ViewBuilderV11(ViewBuilder):
+    """Openstack API v1.1 limits view builder."""
+
+    def _build_rate_limits(self, rate_limits):
+        limits = []
+        for rate_limit in rate_limits:
+            _rate_limit_key = None
+            _rate_limit = self._build_rate_limit(rate_limit)
+
+            # check for existing key
+            for limit in limits:
+                if limit["uri"] == rate_limit["URI"] and \
+                   limit["regex"] == limit["regex"]:
+                    _rate_limit_key = limit
+                    break
+
+            # ensure we have a key if we didn't find one
+            if not _rate_limit_key:
+                _rate_limit_key = {
+                    "uri": rate_limit["URI"],
+                    "regex": rate_limit["regex"],
+                    "limit": [],
+                }
+                limits.append(_rate_limit_key)
+
+            _rate_limit_key["limit"].append(_rate_limit)
+
+        return limits
+
+    def _build_rate_limit(self, rate_limit):
+        return {
+            "verb": rate_limit["verb"],
+            "value": rate_limit["value"],
+            "remaining": int(rate_limit["remaining"]),
+            "unit": rate_limit["unit"],
+            "next-available": rate_limit["resetTime"],
+        }
+
+    def _build_absolute_limits(self, absolute_limit):
+        return {}
diff --git a/nova/api/openstack/views/servers.py b/nova/api/openstack/views/servers.py
index e52bfaea3..0be468edc 100644
--- a/nova/api/openstack/views/servers.py
+++ b/nova/api/openstack/views/servers.py
@@ -63,10 +63,12 @@ class ViewBuilder(object):
             power_state.BLOCKED: 'ACTIVE',
             power_state.SUSPENDED: 'SUSPENDED',
             power_state.PAUSED: 'PAUSED',
-            power_state.SHUTDOWN: 'ACTIVE',
-            power_state.SHUTOFF: 'ACTIVE',
+            power_state.SHUTDOWN: 'SHUTDOWN',
+            power_state.SHUTOFF: 'SHUTOFF',
             power_state.CRASHED: 'ERROR',
-            power_state.FAILED: 'ERROR'}
+            power_state.FAILED: 'ERROR',
+            power_state.BUILDING: 'BUILD',
+        }
 
         inst_dict = {
             'id': int(inst['id']),
diff --git a/nova/auth/dbdriver.py b/nova/auth/dbdriver.py
index b2c580d83..a429b7812 100644
--- a/nova/auth/dbdriver.py
+++ b/nova/auth/dbdriver.py
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class DbDriver(object):
             user_ref = db.user_create(context.get_admin_context(), values)
             return self._db_user_to_auth_user(user_ref)
         except exception.Duplicate, e:
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_('User %s already exists') % name)
+            raise exception.UserExists(user=name)
 
     def _db_user_to_auth_user(self, user_ref):
         return {'id': user_ref['id'],
@@ -103,9 +103,7 @@ class DbDriver(object):
         """Create a project"""
         manager = db.user_get(context.get_admin_context(), manager_uid)
         if not manager:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be created because "
-                                       "manager %s doesn't exist")
-                                     % manager_uid)
+            raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=manager_uid)
 
         # description is a required attribute
         if description is None:
@@ -119,9 +117,7 @@ class DbDriver(object):
             for member_uid in member_uids:
                 member = db.user_get(context.get_admin_context(), member_uid)
                 if not member:
-                    raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be created "
-                                               "because user %s doesn't exist")
-                                             % member_uid)
+                    raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=member_uid)
                 members.add(member)
 
         values = {'id': name,
@@ -132,8 +128,7 @@ class DbDriver(object):
         try:
             project = db.project_create(context.get_admin_context(), values)
         except exception.Duplicate:
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("Project can't be created because "
-                                        "project %s already exists") % name)
+            raise exception.ProjectExists(project=name)
 
         for member in members:
             db.project_add_member(context.get_admin_context(),
@@ -154,9 +149,7 @@ class DbDriver(object):
         if manager_uid:
             manager = db.user_get(context.get_admin_context(), manager_uid)
             if not manager:
-                raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be modified because "
-                                           "manager %s doesn't exist") %
-                                          manager_uid)
+                raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=manager_uid)
             values['project_manager'] = manager['id']
         if description:
             values['description'] = description
@@ -244,8 +237,8 @@ class DbDriver(object):
     def _validate_user_and_project(self, user_id, project_id):
         user = db.user_get(context.get_admin_context(), user_id)
         if not user:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('User "%s" not found') % user_id)
+            raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=user_id)
         project = db.project_get(context.get_admin_context(), project_id)
         if not project:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('Project "%s" not found') % project_id)
+            raise exception.ProjectNotFound(project_id=project_id)
         return user, project
diff --git a/nova/auth/ldapdriver.py b/nova/auth/ldapdriver.py
index fcac55510..3f8432851 100644
--- a/nova/auth/ldapdriver.py
+++ b/nova/auth/ldapdriver.py
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def create_user(self, name, access_key, secret_key, is_admin):
         """Create a user"""
         if self.__user_exists(name):
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("LDAP user %s already exists") % name)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserExists(user=name)
         if FLAGS.ldap_user_modify_only:
             if self.__ldap_user_exists(name):
                 # Retrieve user by name
@@ -202,8 +202,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
                 self.conn.modify_s(self.__uid_to_dn(name), attr)
                 return self.get_user(name)
             else:
-                raise exception.NotFound(_("LDAP object for %s doesn't exist")
-                                         % name)
+                raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=name)
         else:
             attr = [
                 ('objectclass', ['person',
@@ -226,12 +225,9 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
                        description=None, member_uids=None):
         """Create a project"""
         if self.__project_exists(name):
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("Project can't be created because "
-                                        "project %s already exists") % name)
+            raise exception.ProjectExists(project=name)
         if not self.__user_exists(manager_uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be created because "
-                                       "manager %s doesn't exist")
-                                     % manager_uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=manager_uid)
         manager_dn = self.__uid_to_dn(manager_uid)
         # description is a required attribute
         if description is None:
@@ -240,9 +236,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
         if member_uids is not None:
             for member_uid in member_uids:
                 if not self.__user_exists(member_uid):
-                    raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be created "
-                                               "because user %s doesn't exist")
-                                             % member_uid)
+                    raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=member_uid)
                 members.append(self.__uid_to_dn(member_uid))
         # always add the manager as a member because members is required
         if not manager_dn in members:
@@ -265,9 +259,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
         attr = []
         if manager_uid:
             if not self.__user_exists(manager_uid):
-                raise exception.NotFound(_("Project can't be modified because "
-                                           "manager %s doesn't exist")
-                                         % manager_uid)
+                raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=manager_uid)
             manager_dn = self.__uid_to_dn(manager_uid)
             attr.append((self.ldap.MOD_REPLACE, LdapDriver.project_attribute,
                          manager_dn))
@@ -347,7 +339,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def delete_user(self, uid):
         """Delete a user"""
         if not self.__user_exists(uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s doesn't exist") % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=uid)
         self.__remove_from_all(uid)
         if FLAGS.ldap_user_modify_only:
             # Delete attributes
@@ -471,15 +463,12 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
                        description, member_uids=None):
         """Create a group"""
         if self.__group_exists(group_dn):
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("Group can't be created because "
-                                        "group %s already exists") % name)
+            raise exception.LDAPGroupExists(group=name)
         members = []
         if member_uids is not None:
             for member_uid in member_uids:
                 if not self.__user_exists(member_uid):
-                    raise exception.NotFound(_("Group can't be created "
-                                               "because user %s doesn't exist")
-                                             % member_uid)
+                    raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=member_uid)
                 members.append(self.__uid_to_dn(member_uid))
         dn = self.__uid_to_dn(uid)
         if not dn in members:
@@ -494,8 +483,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def __is_in_group(self, uid, group_dn):
         """Check if user is in group"""
         if not self.__user_exists(uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s can't be searched in group "
-                                       "because the user doesn't exist") % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=uid)
         if not self.__group_exists(group_dn):
             return False
         res = self.__find_object(group_dn,
@@ -506,29 +494,23 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def __add_to_group(self, uid, group_dn):
         """Add user to group"""
         if not self.__user_exists(uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s can't be added to the group "
-                                       "because the user doesn't exist") % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=uid)
         if not self.__group_exists(group_dn):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("The group at dn %s doesn't exist") %
-                                     group_dn)
+            raise exception.LDAPGroupNotFound(group_id=group_dn)
         if self.__is_in_group(uid, group_dn):
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("User %(uid)s is already a member of "
-                                        "the group %(group_dn)s") % locals())
+            raise exception.LDAPMembershipExists(uid=uid, group_dn=group_dn)
         attr = [(self.ldap.MOD_ADD, 'member', self.__uid_to_dn(uid))]
         self.conn.modify_s(group_dn, attr)
 
     def __remove_from_group(self, uid, group_dn):
         """Remove user from group"""
         if not self.__group_exists(group_dn):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("The group at dn %s doesn't exist")
-                                     % group_dn)
+            raise exception.LDAPGroupNotFound(group_id=group_dn)
         if not self.__user_exists(uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s can't be removed from the "
-                                       "group because the user doesn't exist")
-                                     % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=uid)
         if not self.__is_in_group(uid, group_dn):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s is not a member of the group")
-                                     % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPGroupMembershipNotFound(user_id=uid,
+                                                        group_id=group_dn)
         # NOTE(vish): remove user from group and any sub_groups
         sub_dns = self.__find_group_dns_with_member(group_dn, uid)
         for sub_dn in sub_dns:
@@ -548,9 +530,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def __remove_from_all(self, uid):
         """Remove user from all roles and projects"""
         if not self.__user_exists(uid):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("User %s can't be removed from all "
-                                       "because the user doesn't exist")
-                                     % uid)
+            raise exception.LDAPUserNotFound(user_id=uid)
         role_dns = self.__find_group_dns_with_member(
                 FLAGS.role_project_subtree, uid)
         for role_dn in role_dns:
@@ -563,8 +543,7 @@ class LdapDriver(object):
     def __delete_group(self, group_dn):
         """Delete Group"""
         if not self.__group_exists(group_dn):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("Group at dn %s doesn't exist")
-                                     % group_dn)
+            raise exception.LDAPGroupNotFound(group_id=group_dn)
         self.conn.delete_s(group_dn)
 
     def __delete_roles(self, project_dn):
diff --git a/nova/auth/manager.py b/nova/auth/manager.py
index 8479c95a4..98d5f6eb6 100644
--- a/nova/auth/manager.py
+++ b/nova/auth/manager.py
@@ -223,6 +223,13 @@ class AuthManager(object):
         if driver or not getattr(self, 'driver', None):
             self.driver = utils.import_class(driver or FLAGS.auth_driver)
 
+        if FLAGS.memcached_servers:
+            import memcache
+        else:
+            from nova import fakememcache as memcache
+        self.mc = memcache.Client(FLAGS.memcached_servers,
+                                  debug=0)
+
     def authenticate(self, access, signature, params, verb='GET',
                      server_string='127.0.0.1:8773', path='/',
                      check_type='ec2', headers=None):
@@ -270,8 +277,7 @@ class AuthManager(object):
         LOG.debug('user: %r', user)
         if user is None:
             LOG.audit(_("Failed authorization for access key %s"), access_key)
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('No user found for access key %s')
-                                     % access_key)
+            raise exception.AccessKeyNotFound(access_key=access_key)
 
         # NOTE(vish): if we stop using project name as id we need better
         #             logic to find a default project for user
@@ -285,8 +291,7 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             uname = user.name
             LOG.audit(_("failed authorization: no project named %(pjid)s"
                     " (user=%(uname)s)") % locals())
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('No project called %s could be found')
-                                     % project_id)
+            raise exception.ProjectNotFound(project_id=project_id)
         if not self.is_admin(user) and not self.is_project_member(user,
                                                                   project):
             uname = user.name
@@ -295,8 +300,8 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             pjid = project.id
             LOG.audit(_("Failed authorization: user %(uname)s not admin"
                     " and not member of project %(pjname)s") % locals())
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('User %(uid)s is not a member of'
-                    ' project %(pjid)s') % locals())
+            raise exception.ProjectMembershipNotFound(project_id=pjid,
+                                                      user_id=uid)
         if check_type == 's3':
             sign = signer.Signer(user.secret.encode())
             expected_signature = sign.s3_authorization(headers, verb, path)
@@ -305,7 +310,8 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             LOG.debug('signature: %s', signature)
             if signature != expected_signature:
                 LOG.audit(_("Invalid signature for user %s"), user.name)
-                raise exception.NotAuthorized(_('Signature does not match'))
+                raise exception.InvalidSignature(signature=signature,
+                                                 user=user)
         elif check_type == 'ec2':
             # NOTE(vish): hmac can't handle unicode, so encode ensures that
             #             secret isn't unicode
@@ -316,7 +322,8 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             LOG.debug('signature: %s', signature)
             if signature != expected_signature:
                 LOG.audit(_("Invalid signature for user %s"), user.name)
-                raise exception.NotAuthorized(_('Signature does not match'))
+                raise exception.InvalidSignature(signature=signature,
+                                                 user=user)
         return (user, project)
 
     def get_access_key(self, user, project):
@@ -360,6 +367,27 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             if self.has_role(user, role):
                 return True
 
+    def _build_mc_key(self, user, role, project=None):
+        key_parts = ['rolecache', User.safe_id(user), str(role)]
+        if project:
+            key_parts.append(Project.safe_id(project))
+        return '-'.join(key_parts)
+
+    def _clear_mc_key(self, user, role, project=None):
+        # NOTE(anthony): it would be better to delete the key
+        self.mc.set(self._build_mc_key(user, role, project), None)
+
+    def _has_role(self, user, role, project=None):
+        mc_key = self._build_mc_key(user, role, project)
+        rslt = self.mc.get(mc_key)
+        if rslt is None:
+            with self.driver() as drv:
+                rslt = drv.has_role(user, role, project)
+                self.mc.set(mc_key, rslt)
+                return rslt
+        else:
+            return rslt
+
     def has_role(self, user, role, project=None):
         """Checks existence of role for user
 
@@ -383,24 +411,24 @@ class AuthManager(object):
         @rtype: bool
         @return: True if the user has the role.
         """
-        with self.driver() as drv:
-            if role == 'projectmanager':
-                if not project:
-                    raise exception.Error(_("Must specify project"))
-                return self.is_project_manager(user, project)
+        if role == 'projectmanager':
+            if not project:
+                raise exception.Error(_("Must specify project"))
+            return self.is_project_manager(user, project)
+
+        global_role = self._has_role(User.safe_id(user),
+                                     role,
+                                     None)
 
-            global_role = drv.has_role(User.safe_id(user),
-                                        role,
-                                        None)
-            if not global_role:
-                return global_role
+        if not global_role:
+            return global_role
 
-            if not project or role in FLAGS.global_roles:
-                return global_role
+        if not project or role in FLAGS.global_roles:
+            return global_role
 
-            return drv.has_role(User.safe_id(user),
-                                 role,
-                                 Project.safe_id(project))
+        return self._has_role(User.safe_id(user),
+                              role,
+                              Project.safe_id(project))
 
     def add_role(self, user, role, project=None):
         """Adds role for user
@@ -420,9 +448,9 @@ class AuthManager(object):
         @param project: Project in which to add local role.
         """
         if role not in FLAGS.allowed_roles:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("The %s role can not be found") % role)
+            raise exception.UserRoleNotFound(role_id=role)
         if project is not None and role in FLAGS.global_roles:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("The %s role is global only") % role)
+            raise exception.GlobalRoleNotAllowed(role_id=role)
         uid = User.safe_id(user)
         pid = Project.safe_id(project)
         if project:
@@ -432,6 +460,7 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             LOG.audit(_("Adding sitewide role %(role)s to user %(uid)s")
                     % locals())
         with self.driver() as drv:
+            self._clear_mc_key(uid, role, pid)
             drv.add_role(uid, role, pid)
 
     def remove_role(self, user, role, project=None):
@@ -460,6 +489,7 @@ class AuthManager(object):
             LOG.audit(_("Removing sitewide role %(role)s"
                     " from user %(uid)s") % locals())
         with self.driver() as drv:
+            self._clear_mc_key(uid, role, pid)
             drv.remove_role(uid, role, pid)
 
     @staticmethod
diff --git a/nova/compute/api.py b/nova/compute/api.py
index 264961fe3..be26d8ca3 100644
--- a/nova/compute/api.py
+++ b/nova/compute/api.py
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from nova import rpc
 from nova import utils
 from nova import volume
 from nova.compute import instance_types
+from nova.compute import power_state
 from nova.scheduler import api as scheduler_api
 from nova.db import base
 
@@ -501,14 +502,41 @@ class API(base.Base):
         """Reboot the given instance."""
         self._cast_compute_message('reboot_instance', context, instance_id)
 
+    def rebuild(self, context, instance_id, image_id, metadata=None,
+                files_to_inject=None):
+        """Rebuild the given instance with the provided metadata."""
+        instance = db.api.instance_get(context, instance_id)
+
+        if instance["state"] == power_state.BUILDING:
+            msg = _("Instance already building")
+            raise exception.BuildInProgress(msg)
+
+        metadata = metadata or {}
+        self._check_metadata_properties_quota(context, metadata)
+
+        files_to_inject = files_to_inject or []
+        self._check_injected_file_quota(context, files_to_inject)
+
+        self.db.instance_update(context, instance_id, {"metadata": metadata})
+
+        rebuild_params = {
+            "image_id": image_id,
+            "injected_files": files_to_inject,
+        }
+
+        self._cast_compute_message('rebuild_instance',
+                                   context,
+                                   instance_id,
+                                   params=rebuild_params)
+
     def revert_resize(self, context, instance_id):
         """Reverts a resize, deleting the 'new' instance in the process."""
         context = context.elevated()
         migration_ref = self.db.migration_get_by_instance_and_status(context,
                 instance_id, 'finished')
         if not migration_ref:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("No finished migrations found for "
-                    "instance"))
+            raise exception.MigrationNotFoundByStatus(instance_id=instance_id,
+                                                      status='finished')
 
         params = {'migration_id': migration_ref['id']}
         self._cast_compute_message('revert_resize', context, instance_id,
@@ -522,8 +550,8 @@ class API(base.Base):
         migration_ref = self.db.migration_get_by_instance_and_status(context,
                 instance_id, 'finished')
         if not migration_ref:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("No finished migrations found for "
-                    "instance"))
+            raise exception.MigrationNotFoundByStatus(instance_id=instance_id,
+                                                      status='finished')
         instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
         params = {'migration_id': migration_ref['id']}
         self._cast_compute_message('confirm_resize', context, instance_id,
diff --git a/nova/compute/instance_types.py b/nova/compute/instance_types.py
index 7e7198b96..1275a6fdd 100644
--- a/nova/compute/instance_types.py
+++ b/nova/compute/instance_types.py
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ def create(name, memory, vcpus, local_gb, flavorid, swap=0,
         try:
             int(option)
         except ValueError:
-            raise exception.InvalidInputException(
-                    _("create arguments must be positive integers"))
+            raise exception.InvalidInput(reason=_("create arguments must "
+                                                  "be positive integers"))
     if (int(memory) <= 0) or (int(vcpus) <= 0) or (int(local_gb) < 0):
-        raise exception.InvalidInputException(
-                _("create arguments must be positive integers"))
+        raise exception.InvalidInput(reason=_("create arguments must "
+                                              "be positive integers"))
 
     try:
         db.instance_type_create(
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def create(name, memory, vcpus, local_gb, flavorid, swap=0,
 def destroy(name):
     """Marks instance types as deleted."""
     if name is None:
-        raise exception.InvalidInputException(_("No instance type specified"))
+        raise exception.InvalidInstanceType(instance_type=name)
     else:
         try:
             db.instance_type_destroy(context.get_admin_context(), name)
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def destroy(name):
 def purge(name):
     """Removes instance types from database."""
     if name is None:
-        raise exception.InvalidInputException(_("No instance type specified"))
+        raise exception.InvalidInstanceType(instance_type=name)
     else:
         try:
             db.instance_type_purge(context.get_admin_context(), name)
diff --git a/nova/compute/manager.py b/nova/compute/manager.py
index 307e0a2ff..1ff78007b 100644
--- a/nova/compute/manager.py
+++ b/nova/compute/manager.py
@@ -137,17 +137,33 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
         """Initialization for a standalone compute service."""
         self.driver.init_host(host=self.host)
 
-    def _update_state(self, context, instance_id):
+    def _update_state(self, context, instance_id, state=None):
         """Update the state of an instance from the driver info."""
-        # FIXME(ja): include other fields from state?
         instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
-        try:
-            info = self.driver.get_info(instance_ref['name'])
-            state = info['state']
-        except exception.NotFound:
-            state = power_state.FAILED
+
+        if state is None:
+            try:
+                info = self.driver.get_info(instance_ref['name'])
+            except exception.NotFound:
+                info = None
+
+            if info is not None:
+                state = info['state']
+            else:
+                state = power_state.FAILED
+
         self.db.instance_set_state(context, instance_id, state)
 
+    def _update_launched_at(self, context, instance_id, launched_at=None):
+        """Update the launched_at parameter of the given instance."""
+        data = {'launched_at': launched_at or datetime.datetime.utcnow()}
+        self.db.instance_update(context, instance_id, data)
+
+    def _update_image_id(self, context, instance_id, image_id):
+        """Update the image_id for the given instance."""
+        data = {'image_id': image_id}
+        self.db.instance_update(context, instance_id, data)
+
     def get_console_topic(self, context, **kwargs):
         """Retrieves the console host for a project on this host.
 
@@ -231,24 +247,15 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
                                                        instance_id)
 
         # TODO(vish) check to make sure the availability zone matches
-        self.db.instance_set_state(context,
-                                   instance_id,
-                                   power_state.NOSTATE,
-                                   'spawning')
+        self._update_state(context, instance_id, power_state.BUILDING)
 
         try:
             self.driver.spawn(instance_ref)
-            now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
-            self.db.instance_update(context,
-                                    instance_id,
-                                    {'launched_at': now})
-        except Exception:  # pylint: disable=W0702
-            LOG.exception(_("Instance '%s' failed to spawn. Is virtualization"
-                            " enabled in the BIOS?"), instance_id,
-                                                     context=context)
-            self.db.instance_set_state(context,
-                                       instance_id,
-                                       power_state.SHUTDOWN)
+        except Exception as ex:  # pylint: disable=W0702
+            msg = _("Instance '%(instance_id)s' failed to spawn. Is "
+                    "virtualization enabled in the BIOS? Details: "
+                    "%(ex)s") % locals()
+            LOG.exception(msg)
 
         if not FLAGS.stub_network and FLAGS.auto_assign_floating_ip:
             public_ip = self.network_api.allocate_floating_ip(context)
@@ -262,6 +269,8 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
                                                    floating_ip,
                                                    fixed_ip,
                                                    affect_auto_assigned=True)
+
+        self._update_launched_at(context, instance_id)
         self._update_state(context, instance_id)
 
     @exception.wrap_exception
@@ -318,6 +327,33 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
 
     @exception.wrap_exception
     @checks_instance_lock
+    def rebuild_instance(self, context, instance_id, image_id):
+        """Destroy and re-make this instance.
+
+        A 'rebuild' effectively purges all existing data from the system and
+        remakes the VM with given 'metadata' and 'personalities'.
+
+        :param context: `nova.RequestContext` object
+        :param instance_id: Instance identifier (integer)
+        :param image_id: Image identifier (integer)
+        """
+        context = context.elevated()
+
+        instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
+        LOG.audit(_("Rebuilding instance %s"), instance_id, context=context)
+
+        self._update_state(context, instance_id, power_state.BUILDING)
+
+        self.driver.destroy(instance_ref)
+        instance_ref.image_id = image_id
+        self.driver.spawn(instance_ref)
+
+        self._update_image_id(context, instance_id, image_id)
+        self._update_launched_at(context, instance_id)
+        self._update_state(context, instance_id)
+
+    @exception.wrap_exception
+    @checks_instance_lock
     def reboot_instance(self, context, instance_id):
         """Reboot an instance on this host."""
         context = context.elevated()
@@ -829,7 +865,7 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
         """
         tmp_file = os.path.join(FLAGS.instances_path, filename)
         if not os.path.exists(tmp_file):
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('%s not found') % tmp_file)
+            raise exception.FileNotFound(file_path=tmp_file)
 
     @exception.wrap_exception
     def cleanup_shared_storage_test_file(self, context, filename):
@@ -869,8 +905,7 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
         # Getting fixed ips
         fixed_ip = self.db.instance_get_fixed_address(context, instance_id)
         if not fixed_ip:
-            msg = _("%(instance_id)s(%(ec2_id)s) does not have fixed_ip.")
-            raise exception.NotFound(msg % locals())
+            raise exception.NoFixedIpsFoundForInstance(instance_id=instance_id)
 
         # If any volume is mounted, prepare here.
         if not instance_ref['volumes']:
@@ -1073,8 +1108,7 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
             if vm_instance is None:
                 # NOTE(justinsb): We have to be very careful here, because a
                 # concurrent operation could be in progress (e.g. a spawn)
-                if db_state == power_state.NOSTATE:
-                    # Assume that NOSTATE => spawning
+                if db_state == power_state.BUILDING:
                     # TODO(justinsb): This does mean that if we crash during a
                     # spawn, the machine will never leave the spawning state,
                     # but this is just the way nova is; this function isn't
@@ -1105,9 +1139,7 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.SchedulerDependentManager):
             if vm_state != db_state:
                 LOG.info(_("DB/VM state mismatch. Changing state from "
                            "'%(db_state)s' to '%(vm_state)s'") % locals())
-                self.db.instance_set_state(context,
-                                           db_instance['id'],
-                                           vm_state)
+                self._update_state(context, db_instance['id'], vm_state)
 
             # NOTE(justinsb): We no longer auto-remove SHUTOFF instances
             # It's quite hard to get them back when we do.
diff --git a/nova/compute/power_state.py b/nova/compute/power_state.py
index ef013b2ef..c468fe6b3 100644
--- a/nova/compute/power_state.py
+++ b/nova/compute/power_state.py
@@ -30,20 +30,23 @@ SHUTOFF = 0x05
 CRASHED = 0x06
 SUSPENDED = 0x07
 FAILED = 0x08
+BUILDING = 0x09
 
 # TODO(justinsb): Power state really needs to be a proper class,
 # so that we're not locked into the libvirt status codes and can put mapping
 # logic here rather than spread throughout the code
 _STATE_MAP = {
-        NOSTATE: 'pending',
-        RUNNING: 'running',
-        BLOCKED: 'blocked',
-        PAUSED: 'paused',
-        SHUTDOWN: 'shutdown',
-        SHUTOFF: 'shutdown',
-        CRASHED: 'crashed',
-        SUSPENDED: 'suspended',
-        FAILED: 'failed to spawn'}
+    NOSTATE: 'pending',
+    RUNNING: 'running',
+    BLOCKED: 'blocked',
+    PAUSED: 'paused',
+    SHUTDOWN: 'shutdown',
+    SHUTOFF: 'shutdown',
+    CRASHED: 'crashed',
+    SUSPENDED: 'suspended',
+    FAILED: 'failed to spawn',
+    BUILDING: 'building',
+}
 
 
 def name(code):
diff --git a/nova/console/vmrc.py b/nova/console/vmrc.py
index 127d31121..cc8b0cdf5 100644
--- a/nova/console/vmrc.py
+++ b/nova/console/vmrc.py
@@ -90,8 +90,7 @@ class VMRCConsole(object):
                 vm_ds_path_name = ds_path_name
                 break
         if vm_ref is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('instance - %s not present') %
-                                     instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
         json_data = json.dumps({'vm_id': vm_ds_path_name,
                     'username': username,
                     'password': password})
@@ -125,8 +124,7 @@ class VMRCSessionConsole(VMRCConsole):
             if vm.propSet[0].val == instance_name:
                 vm_ref = vm.obj
         if vm_ref is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('instance - %s not present') %
-                                     instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
         virtual_machine_ticket = \
                         vim_session._call_method(
             vim_session._get_vim(),
diff --git a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
index 3150e330e..285b22a04 100644
--- a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
+++ b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def require_admin_context(f):
     """
     def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
         if not is_admin_context(args[0]):
-            raise exception.NotAuthorized()
+            raise exception.AdminRequired()
         return f(*args, **kwargs)
     return wrapper
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def require_context(f):
     """
     def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
         if not is_admin_context(args[0]) and not is_user_context(args[0]):
-            raise exception.NotAuthorized()
+            raise exception.AdminRequired()
         return f(*args, **kwargs)
     return wrapper
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def service_get(context, service_id, session=None):
                      first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No service for id %s') % service_id)
+        raise exception.ServiceNotFound(service_id=service_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -196,8 +196,7 @@ def service_get_all_compute_by_host(context, host):
                   all()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("%s does not exist or is not "
-                                   "a compute node.") % host)
+        raise exception.ComputeHostNotFound(host=host)
 
     return result
 
@@ -284,8 +283,7 @@ def service_get_by_args(context, host, binary):
                      filter_by(deleted=can_read_deleted(context)).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No service for %(host)s, %(binary)s')
-                % locals())
+        raise exception.HostBinaryNotFound(host=host, binary=binary)
 
     return result
 
@@ -323,7 +321,7 @@ def compute_node_get(context, compute_id, session=None):
                      first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No computeNode for id %s') % compute_id)
+        raise exception.ComputeHostNotFound(host=compute_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -359,7 +357,7 @@ def certificate_get(context, certificate_id, session=None):
                      first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound('No certificate for id %s' % certificate_id)
+        raise exception.CertificateNotFound(certificate_id=certificate_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -578,7 +576,7 @@ def floating_ip_get_by_address(context, address, session=None):
                      filter_by(deleted=can_read_deleted(context)).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound('No floating ip for address %s' % address)
+        raise exception.FloatingIpNotFound(fixed_ip=address)
 
     return result
 
@@ -686,7 +684,7 @@ def fixed_ip_get_all(context, session=None):
         session = get_session()
     result = session.query(models.FixedIp).all()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No fixed ips defined'))
+        raise exception.NoFloatingIpsDefined()
 
     return result
 
@@ -702,7 +700,7 @@ def fixed_ip_get_all_by_host(context, host=None):
                     all()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No fixed ips for this host defined'))
+        raise exception.NoFloatingIpsDefinedForHost(host=host)
 
     return result
 
@@ -718,7 +716,7 @@ def fixed_ip_get_by_address(context, address, session=None):
                      options(joinedload('instance')).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No floating ip for address %s') % address)
+        raise exception.FloatingIpNotFound(fixed_ip=address)
 
     if is_user_context(context):
         authorize_project_context(context, result.instance.project_id)
@@ -739,7 +737,7 @@ def fixed_ip_get_all_by_instance(context, instance_id):
                  filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
                  filter_by(deleted=False)
     if not rv:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No address for instance %s') % instance_id)
+        raise exception.NoFloatingIpsFoundForInstance(instance_id=instance_id)
     return rv
 
 
@@ -818,17 +816,17 @@ def instance_destroy(context, instance_id):
     with session.begin():
         session.query(models.Instance).\
                 filter_by(id=instance_id).\
-                update({'deleted': 1,
+                update({'deleted': True,
                         'deleted_at': datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
                         'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at')})
         session.query(models.SecurityGroupInstanceAssociation).\
                 filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
-                update({'deleted': 1,
+                update({'deleted': True,
                         'deleted_at': datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
                         'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at')})
         session.query(models.InstanceMetadata).\
                 filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
-                update({'deleted': 1,
+                update({'deleted': True,
                         'deleted_at': datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
                         'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at')})
 
@@ -862,9 +860,7 @@ def instance_get(context, instance_id, session=None):
                          filter_by(deleted=False).\
                          first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.InstanceNotFound(_('Instance %s not found')
-                                         % instance_id,
-                                         instance_id)
+        raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -1133,8 +1129,7 @@ def key_pair_get(context, user_id, name, session=None):
                      filter_by(deleted=can_read_deleted(context)).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('no keypair for user %(user_id)s,'
-                ' name %(name)s') % locals())
+        raise exception.KeypairNotFound(user_id=user_id, name=name)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1260,7 +1255,7 @@ def network_get(context, network_id, session=None):
                          filter_by(deleted=False).\
                          first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No network for id %s') % network_id)
+        raise exception.NetworkNotFound(network_id=network_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -1270,7 +1265,7 @@ def network_get_all(context):
     session = get_session()
     result = session.query(models.Network)
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No networks defined'))
+        raise exception.NoNetworksFound()
     return result
 
 
@@ -1299,7 +1294,7 @@ def network_get_by_bridge(context, bridge):
                  first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No network for bridge %s') % bridge)
+        raise exception.NetworkNotFoundForBridge(bridge=bridge)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1310,8 +1305,7 @@ def network_get_by_cidr(context, cidr):
                 filter_by(cidr=cidr).first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Network with cidr %s does not exist') %
-                                  cidr)
+        raise exception.NetworkNotFoundForCidr(cidr=cidr)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1325,7 +1319,7 @@ def network_get_by_instance(_context, instance_id):
                  filter_by(deleted=False).\
                  first()
     if not rv:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No network for instance %s') % instance_id)
+        raise exception.NetworkNotFoundForInstance(instance_id=instance_id)
     return rv
 
 
@@ -1338,7 +1332,7 @@ def network_get_all_by_instance(_context, instance_id):
                  filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
                  filter_by(deleted=False)
     if not rv:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No network for instance %s') % instance_id)
+        raise exception.NetworkNotFoundForInstance(instance_id=instance_id)
     return rv
 
 
@@ -1352,7 +1346,7 @@ def network_set_host(context, network_id, host_id):
                               with_lockmode('update').\
                               first()
         if not network_ref:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('No network for id %s') % network_id)
+            raise exception.NetworkNotFound(network_id=network_id)
 
         # NOTE(vish): if with_lockmode isn't supported, as in sqlite,
         #             then this has concurrency issues
@@ -1477,7 +1471,7 @@ def auth_token_get(context, token_hash, session=None):
                   filter_by(deleted=can_read_deleted(context)).\
                   first()
     if not tk:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Token %s does not exist') % token_hash)
+        raise exception.AuthTokenNotFound(token=token_hash)
     return tk
 
 
@@ -1511,7 +1505,7 @@ def quota_get(context, project_id, session=None):
                      filter_by(deleted=can_read_deleted(context)).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No quota for project_id %s') % project_id)
+        raise exception.ProjectQuotaNotFound(project_id=project_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -1666,8 +1660,7 @@ def volume_get(context, volume_id, session=None):
                          filter_by(deleted=False).\
                          first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.VolumeNotFound(_('Volume %s not found') % volume_id,
-                                       volume_id)
+        raise exception.VolumeNotFound(volume_id=volume_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -1699,7 +1692,7 @@ def volume_get_all_by_instance(context, instance_id):
                      filter_by(deleted=False).\
                      all()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No volume for instance %s') % instance_id)
+        raise exception.VolumeNotFoundForInstance(instance_id=instance_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1724,8 +1717,7 @@ def volume_get_instance(context, volume_id):
                      options(joinedload('instance')).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.VolumeNotFound(_('Volume %s not found') % volume_id,
-                                       volume_id)
+        raise exception.VolumeNotFound(volume_id=volume_id)
 
     return result.instance
 
@@ -1737,8 +1729,7 @@ def volume_get_shelf_and_blade(context, volume_id):
                      filter_by(volume_id=volume_id).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No export device found for volume %s') %
-                                 volume_id)
+        raise exception.ExportDeviceNotFoundForVolume(volume_id=volume_id)
 
     return (result.shelf_id, result.blade_id)
 
@@ -1750,8 +1741,7 @@ def volume_get_iscsi_target_num(context, volume_id):
                      filter_by(volume_id=volume_id).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No target id found for volume %s') %
-                                 volume_id)
+        raise exception.ISCSITargetNotFoundForVolume(volume_id=volume_id)
 
     return result.target_num
 
@@ -1795,8 +1785,8 @@ def security_group_get(context, security_group_id, session=None):
                          options(joinedload_all('rules')).\
                          first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No security group with id %s") %
-                                 security_group_id)
+        raise exception.SecurityGroupNotFound(
+                security_group_id=security_group_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1811,9 +1801,8 @@ def security_group_get_by_name(context, project_id, group_name):
                         options(joinedload_all('instances')).\
                         first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(
-            _('No security group named %(group_name)s'
-            ' for project: %(project_id)s') % locals())
+        raise exception.SecurityGroupNotFoundForProject(project_id=project_id,
+                                                 security_group_id=group_name)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1914,8 +1903,8 @@ def security_group_rule_get(context, security_group_rule_id, session=None):
                          filter_by(id=security_group_rule_id).\
                          first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No secuity group rule with id %s") %
-                                 security_group_rule_id)
+        raise exception.SecurityGroupNotFoundForRule(
+                                               rule_id=security_group_rule_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -1988,7 +1977,7 @@ def user_get(context, id, session=None):
                      first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No user for id %s') % id)
+        raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -2004,7 +1993,7 @@ def user_get_by_access_key(context, access_key, session=None):
                    first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No user for access key %s') % access_key)
+        raise exception.AccessKeyNotFound(access_key=access_key)
 
     return result
 
@@ -2069,7 +2058,7 @@ def project_get(context, id, session=None):
                      first()
 
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No project with id %s") % id)
+        raise exception.ProjectNotFound(project_id=id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -2090,7 +2079,7 @@ def project_get_by_user(context, user_id):
                    options(joinedload_all('projects')).\
                    first()
     if not user:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Invalid user_id %s') % user_id)
+        raise exception.UserNotFound(user_id=user_id)
     return user.projects
 
 
@@ -2230,8 +2219,7 @@ def migration_get(context, id, session=None):
     result = session.query(models.Migration).\
                      filter_by(id=id).first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No migration found with id %s")
-                % id)
+        raise exception.MigrationNotFound(migration_id=id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2242,8 +2230,8 @@ def migration_get_by_instance_and_status(context, instance_id, status):
                      filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
                      filter_by(status=status).first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No migration found for instance "
-                "%(instance_id)s with status %(status)s") % locals())
+        raise exception.MigrationNotFoundByStatus(instance_id=instance_id,
+                                                  status=status)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2264,8 +2252,7 @@ def console_pool_get(context, pool_id):
                      filter_by(id=pool_id).\
                      first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No console pool with id %(pool_id)s")
-                % locals())
+        raise exception.ConsolePoolNotFound(pool_id=pool_id)
 
     return result
 
@@ -2281,9 +2268,9 @@ def console_pool_get_by_host_type(context, compute_host, host,
                    options(joinedload('consoles')).\
                    first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No console pool of type %(console_type)s '
-                                   'for compute host %(compute_host)s '
-                                   'on proxy host %(host)s') % locals())
+        raise exception.ConsolePoolNotFoundForHostType(host=host,
+                                                  console_type=console_type,
+                                                  compute_host=compute_host)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2321,8 +2308,8 @@ def console_get_by_pool_instance(context, pool_id, instance_id):
                    options(joinedload('pool')).\
                    first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('No console for instance %(instance_id)s '
-                                 'in pool %(pool_id)s') % locals())
+        raise exception.ConsoleNotFoundInPoolForInstance(pool_id=pool_id,
+                                                 instance_id=instance_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2343,9 +2330,11 @@ def console_get(context, console_id, instance_id=None):
         query = query.filter_by(instance_id=instance_id)
     result = query.options(joinedload('pool')).first()
     if not result:
-        idesc = (_("on instance %s") % instance_id) if instance_id else ""
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No console with id %(console_id)s"
-                                   " %(idesc)s") % locals())
+        if instance_id:
+            raise exception.ConsoleNotFoundForInstance(console_id=console_id,
+                                                       instance_id=instance_id)
+        else:
+            raise exception.ConsoleNotFound(console_id=console_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2384,7 +2373,7 @@ def instance_type_get_all(context, inactive=False):
             inst_dict[i['name']] = dict(i)
         return inst_dict
     else:
-        raise exception.NotFound
+        raise exception.NoInstanceTypesFound()
 
 
 @require_context
@@ -2395,7 +2384,7 @@ def instance_type_get_by_id(context, id):
                     filter_by(id=id).\
                     first()
     if not inst_type:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No instance type with id %s") % id)
+        raise exception.InstanceTypeNotFound(instance_type=id)
     else:
         return dict(inst_type)
 
@@ -2408,7 +2397,7 @@ def instance_type_get_by_name(context, name):
                     filter_by(name=name).\
                     first()
     if not inst_type:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No instance type with name %s") % name)
+        raise exception.InstanceTypeNotFoundByName(instance_type_name=name)
     else:
         return dict(inst_type)
 
@@ -2421,7 +2410,7 @@ def instance_type_get_by_flavor_id(context, id):
                                     filter_by(flavorid=int(id)).\
                                     first()
     if not inst_type:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No flavor with flavorid %s") % id)
+        raise exception.FlavorNotFound(flavor_id=id)
     else:
         return dict(inst_type)
 
@@ -2434,7 +2423,7 @@ def instance_type_destroy(context, name):
                                       filter_by(name=name)
     records = instance_type_ref.update(dict(deleted=True))
     if records == 0:
-        raise exception.NotFound
+        raise exception.InstanceTypeNotFoundByName(instance_type_name=name)
     else:
         return instance_type_ref
 
@@ -2449,7 +2438,7 @@ def instance_type_purge(context, name):
                                       filter_by(name=name)
     records = instance_type_ref.delete()
     if records == 0:
-        raise exception.NotFound
+        raise exception.InstanceTypeNotFoundByName(instance_type_name=name)
     else:
         return instance_type_ref
 
@@ -2470,7 +2459,7 @@ def zone_update(context, zone_id, values):
     session = get_session()
     zone = session.query(models.Zone).filter_by(id=zone_id).first()
     if not zone:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No zone with id %(zone_id)s") % locals())
+        raise exception.ZoneNotFound(zone_id=zone_id)
     zone.update(values)
     zone.save()
     return zone
@@ -2490,7 +2479,7 @@ def zone_get(context, zone_id):
     session = get_session()
     result = session.query(models.Zone).filter_by(id=zone_id).first()
     if not result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No zone with id %(zone_id)s") % locals())
+        raise exception.ZoneNotFound(zone_id=zone_id)
     return result
 
 
@@ -2524,7 +2513,7 @@ def instance_metadata_delete(context, instance_id, key):
         filter_by(instance_id=instance_id).\
         filter_by(key=key).\
         filter_by(deleted=False).\
-        update({'deleted': 1,
+        update({'deleted': True,
                 'deleted_at': datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
                 'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at')})
 
@@ -2540,8 +2529,8 @@ def instance_metadata_get_item(context, instance_id, key):
                     first()
 
     if not meta_result:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Invalid metadata key for instance %s') %
-                                    instance_id)
+        raise exception.InstanceMetadataNotFound(metadata_key=key,
+                                                 instance_id=instance_id)
     return meta_result
 
 
diff --git a/nova/exception.py b/nova/exception.py
index 01a9d183a..5caad4cf3 100644
--- a/nova/exception.py
+++ b/nova/exception.py
@@ -49,49 +49,17 @@ class Error(Exception):
 
 
 class ApiError(Error):
-    def __init__(self, message='Unknown', code='ApiError'):
-        self.message = message
+    def __init__(self, message='Unknown', code=None):
+        self.msg = message
         self.code = code
-        super(ApiError, self).__init__('%s: %s' % (code, message))
+        if code:
+            outstr = '%s: %s' % (code, message)
+        else:
+            outstr = '%s' % message
+        super(ApiError, self).__init__(outstr)
 
 
-class NotFound(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class InstanceNotFound(NotFound):
-    def __init__(self, message, instance_id):
-        self.instance_id = instance_id
-        super(InstanceNotFound, self).__init__(message)
-
-
-class VolumeNotFound(NotFound):
-    def __init__(self, message, volume_id):
-        self.volume_id = volume_id
-        super(VolumeNotFound, self).__init__(message)
-
-
-class Duplicate(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class NotAuthorized(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class NotEmpty(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class InvalidInputException(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class InvalidContentType(Error):
-    pass
-
-
-class TimeoutException(Error):
+class BuildInProgress(Error):
     pass
 
 
@@ -150,9 +118,43 @@ class NovaException(Exception):
         return self._error_string
 
 
-#TODO(bcwaldon): EOL this exception!
+class NotAuthorized(NovaException):
+    message = _("Not authorized.")
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(NotFound, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+
+
+class AdminRequired(NotAuthorized):
+    message = _("User does not have admin privileges")
+
+
 class Invalid(NovaException):
-    pass
+    message = _("Unacceptable parameters.")
+
+
+class InvalidSignature(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid signature %(signature)s for user %(user)s.")
+
+
+class InvalidInput(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid input received") + ": %(reason)s"
+
+
+class InvalidInstanceType(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid instance type %(instance_type)s.")
+
+
+class InvalidPortRange(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid port range %(from_port)s:%(to_port)s.")
+
+
+class InvalidIpProtocol(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid IP protocol %(protocol)s.")
+
+
+class InvalidContentType(Invalid):
+    message = _("Invalid content type %(content_type)s.")
 
 
 class InstanceNotRunning(Invalid):
@@ -163,6 +165,10 @@ class InstanceNotSuspended(Invalid):
     message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s is not suspended.")
 
 
+class InstanceNotInRescueMode(Invalid):
+    message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s is not in rescue mode")
+
+
 class InstanceSuspendFailure(Invalid):
     message = _("Failed to suspend instance") + ": %(reason)s"
 
@@ -226,5 +232,314 @@ class InvalidVLANPortGroup(Invalid):
                 "is %(actual)s.")
 
 
+class InvalidDiskFormat(Invalid):
+    message = _("Disk format %(disk_format)s is not acceptable")
+
+
 class ImageUnacceptable(Invalid):
     message = _("Image %(image_id)s is unacceptable") + ": %(reason)s"
+
+
+class InstanceUnacceptable(Invalid):
+    message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s is unacceptable") + ": %(reason)s"
+
+
+class NotFound(NovaException):
+    message = _("Resource could not be found.")
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(NotFound, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+
+
+class InstanceNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class VolumeNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Volume %(volume_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class VolumeNotFoundForInstance(VolumeNotFound):
+    message = _("Volume not found for instance %(instance_id)s.")
+
+
+class ExportDeviceNotFoundForVolume(NotFound):
+    message = _("No export device found for volume %(volume_id)s.")
+
+
+class ISCSITargetNotFoundForVolume(NotFound):
+    message = _("No target id found for volume %(volume_id)s.")
+
+
+class DiskNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("No disk at %(location)s")
+
+
+class ImageNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Image %(image_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class KernelNotFoundForImage(ImageNotFound):
+    message = _("Kernel not found for image %(image_id)s.")
+
+
+class RamdiskNotFoundForImage(ImageNotFound):
+    message = _("Ramdisk not found for image %(image_id)s.")
+
+
+class UserNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("User %(user_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ProjectNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Project %(project_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ProjectMembershipNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("User %(user_id)s is not a member of project %(project_id)s.")
+
+
+class UserRoleNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Role %(role_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class StorageRepositoryNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Cannot find SR to read/write VDI.")
+
+
+class NetworkNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Network %(network_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class NetworkNotFoundForBridge(NetworkNotFound):
+    message = _("Network could not be found for bridge %(bridge)s")
+
+
+class NetworkNotFoundForCidr(NetworkNotFound):
+    message = _("Network could not be found with cidr %(cidr)s.")
+
+
+class NetworkNotFoundForInstance(NetworkNotFound):
+    message = _("Network could not be found for instance %(instance_id)s.")
+
+
+class NoNetworksFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("No networks defined.")
+
+
+class DatastoreNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Could not find the datastore reference(s) which the VM uses.")
+
+
+class NoFixedIpsFoundForInstance(NotFound):
+    message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s has zero fixed ips.")
+
+
+class FloatingIpNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Floating ip not found for fixed address %(fixed_ip)s.")
+
+
+class NoFloatingIpsDefined(NotFound):
+    message = _("Zero floating ips could be found.")
+
+
+class NoFloatingIpsDefinedForHost(NoFloatingIpsDefined):
+    message = _("Zero floating ips defined for host %(host)s.")
+
+
+class NoFloatingIpsDefinedForInstance(NoFloatingIpsDefined):
+    message = _("Zero floating ips defined for instance %(instance_id)s.")
+
+
+class KeypairNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Keypair %(keypair_name)s not found for user %(user_id)s")
+
+
+class CertificateNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Certificate %(certificate_id)s not found.")
+
+
+class ServiceNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Service %(service_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class HostNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Host %(host)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ComputeHostNotFound(HostNotFound):
+    message = _("Compute host %(host)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class HostBinaryNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Could not find binary %(binary)s on host %(host)s.")
+
+
+class AuthTokenNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Auth token %(token)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class AccessKeyNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Access Key %(access_key)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class QuotaNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Quota could not be found")
+
+
+class ProjectQuotaNotFound(QuotaNotFound):
+    message = _("Quota for project %(project_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class SecurityGroupNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Security group %(security_group_id)s not found.")
+
+
+class SecurityGroupNotFoundForProject(SecurityGroupNotFound):
+    message = _("Security group %(security_group_id)s not found "
+                "for project %(project_id)s.")
+
+
+class SecurityGroupNotFoundForRule(SecurityGroupNotFound):
+    message = _("Security group with rule %(rule_id)s not found.")
+
+
+class MigrationNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Migration %(migration_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class MigrationNotFoundByStatus(MigrationNotFound):
+    message = _("Migration not found for instance %(instance_id)s "
+                "with status %(status)s.")
+
+
+class ConsolePoolNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Console pool %(pool_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ConsolePoolNotFoundForHostType(NotFound):
+    message = _("Console pool of type %(console_type)s "
+                "for compute host %(compute_host)s "
+                "on proxy host %(host)s not found.")
+
+
+class ConsoleNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Console %(console_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ConsoleNotFoundForInstance(ConsoleNotFound):
+    message = _("Console for instance %(instance_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ConsoleNotFoundInPoolForInstance(ConsoleNotFound):
+    message = _("Console for instance %(instance_id)s "
+                "in pool %(pool_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class NoInstanceTypesFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Zero instance types found.")
+
+
+class InstanceTypeNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Instance type %(instance_type_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class InstanceTypeNotFoundByName(InstanceTypeNotFound):
+    message = _("Instance type with name %(instance_type_name)s "
+                "could not be found.")
+
+
+class FlavorNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Flavor %(flavor_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ZoneNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Zone %(zone_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class InstanceMetadataNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Instance %(instance_id)s has no metadata with "
+                "key %(metadata_key)s.")
+
+
+class LDAPObjectNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("LDAP object could not be found")
+
+
+class LDAPUserNotFound(LDAPObjectNotFound):
+    message = _("LDAP user %(user_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class LDAPGroupNotFound(LDAPObjectNotFound):
+    message = _("LDAP group %(group_id)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class LDAPGroupMembershipNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("LDAP user %(user_id)s is not a member of group %(group_id)s.")
+
+
+class FileNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("File %(file_path)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class NoFilesFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Zero files could be found.")
+
+
+class SwitchNotFoundForNetworkAdapter(NotFound):
+    message = _("Virtual switch associated with the "
+                "network adapter %(adapter)s not found.")
+
+
+class NetworkAdapterNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Network adapter %(adapter)s could not be found.")
+
+
+class ClassNotFound(NotFound):
+    message = _("Class %(class_name)s could not be found")
+
+
+class NotAllowed(NovaException):
+    message = _("Action not allowed.")
+
+
+class GlobalRoleNotAllowed(NotAllowed):
+    message = _("Unable to use global role %(role_id)s")
+
+
+#TODO(bcwaldon): EOL this exception!
+class Duplicate(NovaException):
+    pass
+
+
+class KeyPairExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("Key pair %(key_name)s already exists.")
+
+
+class UserExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("User %(user)s already exists.")
+
+
+class LDAPUserExists(UserExists):
+    message = _("LDAP user %(user)s already exists.")
+
+
+class LDAPGroupExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("LDAP group %(group)s already exists.")
+
+
+class LDAPMembershipExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("User %(uid)s is already a member of "
+                "the group %(group_dn)s")
+
+
+class ProjectExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("Project %(project)s already exists.")
+
+
+class InstanceExists(Duplicate):
+    message = _("Instance %(name)s already exists.")
+
+
+class MigrationError(NovaException):
+    message = _("Migration error") + ": %(reason)s"
diff --git a/nova/flags.py b/nova/flags.py
index 2357fc3a8..519793643 100644
--- a/nova/flags.py
+++ b/nova/flags.py
@@ -369,6 +369,9 @@ DEFINE_string('host', socket.gethostname(),
 DEFINE_string('node_availability_zone', 'nova',
               'availability zone of this node')
 
+DEFINE_list('memcached_servers', None,
+            'Memcached servers or None for in process cache.')
+
 DEFINE_string('zone_name', 'nova', 'name of this zone')
 DEFINE_list('zone_capabilities',
                 ['hypervisor=xenserver;kvm', 'os=linux;windows'],
diff --git a/nova/image/fake.py b/nova/image/fake.py
index 3bc2a8287..b400b2adb 100644
--- a/nova/image/fake.py
+++ b/nova/image/fake.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class FakeImageService(service.BaseImageService):
             return copy.deepcopy(image)
         LOG.warn('Unable to find image id %s.  Have images: %s',
                  image_id, self.images)
-        raise exception.NotFound
+        raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
     def create(self, context, data):
         """Store the image data and return the new image id.
@@ -89,24 +89,24 @@ class FakeImageService(service.BaseImageService):
     def update(self, context, image_id, data):
         """Replace the contents of the given image with the new data.
 
-        :raises: NotFound if the image does not exist.
+        :raises: ImageNotFound if the image does not exist.
 
         """
         image_id = int(image_id)
         if not self.images.get(image_id):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         self.images[image_id] = copy.deepcopy(data)
 
     def delete(self, context, image_id):
         """Delete the given image.
 
-        :raises: NotFound if the image does not exist.
+        :raises: ImageNotFound if the image does not exist.
 
         """
         image_id = int(image_id)
         removed = self.images.pop(image_id, None)
         if not removed:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
     def delete_all(self):
         """Clears out all images."""
diff --git a/nova/image/glance.py b/nova/image/glance.py
index 81661b3b0..193e37273 100644
--- a/nova/image/glance.py
+++ b/nova/image/glance.py
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
         try:
             image_meta = self.client.get_image_meta(image_id)
         except glance_exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
         if not self._is_image_available(context, image_meta):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
         base_image_meta = self._translate_to_base(image_meta)
         return base_image_meta
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
         for image_meta in image_metas:
             if name == image_meta.get('name'):
                 return image_meta
-        raise exception.NotFound
+        raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=name)
 
     def get(self, context, image_id, data):
         """Calls out to Glance for metadata and data and writes data."""
         try:
             image_meta, image_chunks = self.client.get_image(image_id)
         except glance_exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
         for chunk in image_chunks:
             data.write(chunk)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
     def update(self, context, image_id, image_meta, data=None):
         """Replace the contents of the given image with the new data.
 
-        :raises: NotFound if the image does not exist.
+        :raises: ImageNotFound if the image does not exist.
 
         """
         # NOTE(vish): show is to check if image is available
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
         try:
             image_meta = self.client.update_image(image_id, image_meta, data)
         except glance_exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
         base_image_meta = self._translate_to_base(image_meta)
         return base_image_meta
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
     def delete(self, context, image_id):
         """Delete the given image.
 
-        :raises: NotFound if the image does not exist.
+        :raises: ImageNotFound if the image does not exist.
 
         """
         # NOTE(vish): show is to check if image is available
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class GlanceImageService(service.BaseImageService):
         try:
             result = self.client.delete_image(image_id)
         except glance_exception.NotFound:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         return result
 
     def delete_all(self):
diff --git a/nova/image/local.py b/nova/image/local.py
index 50f00bee1..b6d8f3ba1 100644
--- a/nova/image/local.py
+++ b/nova/image/local.py
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ class LocalImageService(service.BaseImageService):
             with open(self._path_to(image_id)) as metadata_file:
                 image_meta = json.load(metadata_file)
                 if not self._is_image_available(context, image_meta):
-                    raise exception.NotFound
+                    raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
                 return image_meta
         except (IOError, ValueError):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
     def show_by_name(self, context, name):
         """Returns a dict containing image data for the given name."""
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class LocalImageService(service.BaseImageService):
                 image = cantidate
                 break
         if image is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         return image
 
     def get(self, context, image_id, data):
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class LocalImageService(service.BaseImageService):
             with open(self._path_to(image_id, 'image')) as image_file:
                 shutil.copyfileobj(image_file, data)
         except (IOError, ValueError):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         return metadata
 
     def create(self, context, metadata, data=None):
@@ -143,13 +143,13 @@ class LocalImageService(service.BaseImageService):
             with open(self._path_to(image_id), 'w') as metadata_file:
                 json.dump(metadata, metadata_file)
         except (IOError, ValueError):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
         return metadata
 
     def delete(self, context, image_id):
         """Delete the given image.
 
-        :raises: NotFound if the image does not exist.
+        :raises: ImageNotFound if the image does not exist.
 
         """
         # NOTE(vish): show is to check if image is available
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class LocalImageService(service.BaseImageService):
         try:
             shutil.rmtree(self._path_to(image_id, None))
         except (IOError, ValueError):
-            raise exception.NotFound
+            raise exception.ImageNotFound(image_id=image_id)
 
     def delete_all(self):
         """Clears out all images in local directory."""
diff --git a/nova/network/linux_net.py b/nova/network/linux_net.py
index ec5579dee..b50a4b4ea 100644
--- a/nova/network/linux_net.py
+++ b/nova/network/linux_net.py
@@ -56,13 +56,12 @@ flags.DEFINE_string('input_chain', 'INPUT',
                     'chain to add nova_input to')
 flags.DEFINE_integer('dhcp_lease_time', 120,
                      'Lifetime of a DHCP lease')
-
 flags.DEFINE_string('dns_server', None,
                     'if set, uses specific dns server for dnsmasq')
 flags.DEFINE_string('dmz_cidr', '10.128.0.0/24',
                     'dmz range that should be accepted')
-
-
+flags.DEFINE_string('dnsmasq_config_file', "",
+                    'Override the default dnsmasq settings with this file')
 binary_name = os.path.basename(inspect.stack()[-1][1])
 
 
@@ -407,6 +406,10 @@ def ensure_vlan_forward(public_ip, port, private_ip):
                                           "-d %s -p udp "
                                           "--dport %s -j DNAT --to %s:1194" %
                                           (public_ip, port, private_ip))
+    iptables_manager.ipv4['nat'].add_rule("OUTPUT",
+                                          "-d %s -p udp "
+                                          "--dport %s -j DNAT --to %s:1194" %
+                                          (public_ip, port, private_ip))
     iptables_manager.apply()
 
 
@@ -678,7 +681,7 @@ def _dnsmasq_cmd(net):
     cmd = ['sudo', '-E', 'dnsmasq',
            '--strict-order',
            '--bind-interfaces',
-           '--conf-file=',
+           '--conf-file=%s' % FLAGS.dnsmasq_config_file,
            '--domain=%s' % FLAGS.dhcp_domain,
            '--pid-file=%s' % _dhcp_file(net['bridge'], 'pid'),
            '--listen-address=%s' % net['gateway'],
diff --git a/nova/network/vmwareapi_net.py b/nova/network/vmwareapi_net.py
index 6e1ed480b..9b2db7b8f 100644
--- a/nova/network/vmwareapi_net.py
+++ b/nova/network/vmwareapi_net.py
@@ -52,16 +52,13 @@ def ensure_vlan_bridge(vlan_num, bridge, net_attrs=None):
     # Check if the vlan_interface physical network adapter exists on the host
     if not network_utils.check_if_vlan_interface_exists(session,
                                                         vlan_interface):
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("There is no physical network adapter with "
-                          "the name %s on the ESX host") % vlan_interface)
+        raise exception.NetworkAdapterNotFound(adapter=vlan_interface)
 
     # Get the vSwitch associated with the Physical Adapter
     vswitch_associated = network_utils.get_vswitch_for_vlan_interface(
                                         session, vlan_interface)
     if vswitch_associated is None:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_("There is no virtual switch associated "
-            "with the physical network adapter with name %s") %
-            vlan_interface)
+        raise exception.SwicthNotFoundForNetworkAdapter(adapter=vlan_interface)
     # Check whether bridge already exists and retrieve the the ref of the
     # network whose name_label is "bridge"
     network_ref = network_utils.get_network_with_the_name(session, bridge)
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/driver.py b/nova/scheduler/driver.py
index 87b10e940..2094e3565 100644
--- a/nova/scheduler/driver.py
+++ b/nova/scheduler/driver.py
@@ -255,11 +255,9 @@ class Scheduler(object):
         mem_avail = mem_total - mem_used
         mem_inst = instance_ref['memory_mb']
         if mem_avail <= mem_inst:
-            raise exception.NotEmpty(_("Unable to migrate %(ec2_id)s "
-                                       "to destination: %(dest)s "
-                                       "(host:%(mem_avail)s "
-                                       "<= instance:%(mem_inst)s)")
-                                       % locals())
+            reason = _("Unable to migrate %(ec2_id)s to destination: %(dest)s "
+                       "(host:%(mem_avail)s <= instance:%(mem_inst)s)")
+            raise exception.MigrationError(reason=reason % locals())
 
     def mounted_on_same_shared_storage(self, context, instance_ref, dest):
         """Check if the src and dest host mount same shared storage.
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_flavors.py b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_flavors.py
index 954d72adf..d1c62e454 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_flavors.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_flavors.py
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ def return_instance_types(context, num=2):
     return instance_types
 
 
-def return_instance_type_not_found(context, flavorid):
-    raise exception.NotFound()
+def return_instance_type_not_found(context, flavor_id):
+    raise exception.InstanceTypeNotFound(flavor_id=flavor_id)
 
 
 class FlavorsTest(test.TestCase):
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_images.py b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_images.py
index ae86d0686..e5dd93c3f 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_images.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_images.py
@@ -538,7 +538,8 @@ class ImageControllerWithGlanceServiceTest(test.TestCase):
         },
         {
             'id': 127,
-            'name': 'killed backup', 'serverId': 42,
+            'name': 'killed backup',
+            'serverId': 42,
             'updated': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'created': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'status': 'FAILED',
@@ -584,7 +585,7 @@ class ImageControllerWithGlanceServiceTest(test.TestCase):
         {
             'id': 124,
             'name': 'queued backup',
-            'serverId': 42,
+            'serverRef': "http://localhost/v1.1/servers/42",
             'updated': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'created': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'status': 'QUEUED',
@@ -606,7 +607,7 @@ class ImageControllerWithGlanceServiceTest(test.TestCase):
         {
             'id': 125,
             'name': 'saving backup',
-            'serverId': 42,
+            'serverRef': "http://localhost/v1.1/servers/42",
             'updated': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'created': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'status': 'SAVING',
@@ -629,7 +630,7 @@ class ImageControllerWithGlanceServiceTest(test.TestCase):
         {
             'id': 126,
             'name': 'active backup',
-            'serverId': 42,
+            'serverRef': "http://localhost/v1.1/servers/42",
             'updated': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'created': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'status': 'ACTIVE',
@@ -650,7 +651,8 @@ class ImageControllerWithGlanceServiceTest(test.TestCase):
         },
         {
             'id': 127,
-            'name': 'killed backup', 'serverId': 42,
+            'name': 'killed backup',
+            'serverRef': "http://localhost/v1.1/servers/42",
             'updated': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'created': self.NOW_API_FORMAT,
             'status': 'FAILED',
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_limits.py b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_limits.py
index df367005d..45bd4d501 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_limits.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_limits.py
@@ -28,15 +28,14 @@ import webob
 from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
 
 from nova.api.openstack import limits
-from nova.api.openstack.limits import Limit
 
 
 TEST_LIMITS = [
-    Limit("GET", "/delayed", "^/delayed", 1, limits.PER_MINUTE),
-    Limit("POST", "*", ".*", 7, limits.PER_MINUTE),
-    Limit("POST", "/servers", "^/servers", 3, limits.PER_MINUTE),
-    Limit("PUT", "*", "", 10, limits.PER_MINUTE),
-    Limit("PUT", "/servers", "^/servers", 5, limits.PER_MINUTE),
+    limits.Limit("GET", "/delayed", "^/delayed", 1, limits.PER_MINUTE),
+    limits.Limit("POST", "*", ".*", 7, limits.PER_MINUTE),
+    limits.Limit("POST", "/servers", "^/servers", 3, limits.PER_MINUTE),
+    limits.Limit("PUT", "*", "", 10, limits.PER_MINUTE),
+    limits.Limit("PUT", "/servers", "^/servers", 5, limits.PER_MINUTE),
 ]
 
 
@@ -58,15 +57,15 @@ class BaseLimitTestSuite(unittest.TestCase):
         return self.time
 
 
-class LimitsControllerTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
+class LimitsControllerV10Test(BaseLimitTestSuite):
     """
-    Tests for `limits.LimitsController` class.
+    Tests for `limits.LimitsControllerV10` class.
     """
 
     def setUp(self):
         """Run before each test."""
         BaseLimitTestSuite.setUp(self)
-        self.controller = limits.LimitsController()
+        self.controller = limits.LimitsControllerV10()
 
     def _get_index_request(self, accept_header="application/json"):
         """Helper to set routing arguments."""
@@ -81,8 +80,8 @@ class LimitsControllerTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
     def _populate_limits(self, request):
         """Put limit info into a request."""
         _limits = [
-            Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 10, 60).display(),
-            Limit("POST", "*", ".*", 5, 60 * 60).display(),
+            limits.Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 10, 60).display(),
+            limits.Limit("POST", "*", ".*", 5, 60 * 60).display(),
         ]
         request.environ["nova.limits"] = _limits
         return request
@@ -171,6 +170,100 @@ class LimitsControllerTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
         self.assertEqual(expected.toxml(), body.toxml())
 
 
+class LimitsControllerV11Test(BaseLimitTestSuite):
+    """
+    Tests for `limits.LimitsControllerV11` class.
+    """
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        """Run before each test."""
+        BaseLimitTestSuite.setUp(self)
+        self.controller = limits.LimitsControllerV11()
+
+    def _get_index_request(self, accept_header="application/json"):
+        """Helper to set routing arguments."""
+        request = webob.Request.blank("/")
+        request.accept = accept_header
+        request.environ["wsgiorg.routing_args"] = (None, {
+            "action": "index",
+            "controller": "",
+        })
+        return request
+
+    def _populate_limits(self, request):
+        """Put limit info into a request."""
+        _limits = [
+            limits.Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 10, 60).display(),
+            limits.Limit("POST", "*", ".*", 5, 60 * 60).display(),
+            limits.Limit("GET", "changes-since*", "changes-since",
+                         5, 60).display(),
+        ]
+        request.environ["nova.limits"] = _limits
+        return request
+
+    def test_empty_index_json(self):
+        """Test getting empty limit details in JSON."""
+        request = self._get_index_request()
+        response = request.get_response(self.controller)
+        expected = {
+            "limits": {
+                "rate": [],
+                "absolute": {},
+            },
+        }
+        body = json.loads(response.body)
+        self.assertEqual(expected, body)
+
+    def test_index_json(self):
+        """Test getting limit details in JSON."""
+        request = self._get_index_request()
+        request = self._populate_limits(request)
+        response = request.get_response(self.controller)
+        expected = {
+            "limits": {
+                "rate": [
+                    {
+                        "regex": ".*",
+                        "uri": "*",
+                        "limit": [
+                            {
+                                "verb": "GET",
+                                "next-available": 0,
+                                "unit": "MINUTE",
+                                "value": 10,
+                                "remaining": 10,
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "verb": "POST",
+                                "next-available": 0,
+                                "unit": "HOUR",
+                                "value": 5,
+                                "remaining": 5,
+                            },
+                        ],
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "regex": "changes-since",
+                        "uri": "changes-since*",
+                        "limit": [
+                            {
+                                "verb": "GET",
+                                "next-available": 0,
+                                "unit": "MINUTE",
+                                "value": 5,
+                                "remaining": 5,
+                            },
+                        ],
+                    },
+
+                ],
+                "absolute": {},
+            },
+        }
+        body = json.loads(response.body)
+        self.assertEqual(expected, body)
+
+
 class LimitMiddlewareTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
     """
     Tests for the `limits.RateLimitingMiddleware` class.
@@ -185,7 +278,7 @@ class LimitMiddlewareTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
         """Prepare middleware for use through fake WSGI app."""
         BaseLimitTestSuite.setUp(self)
         _limits = [
-            Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 60),
+            limits.Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 60),
         ]
         self.app = limits.RateLimitingMiddleware(self._empty_app, _limits)
 
@@ -238,7 +331,7 @@ class LimitTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
 
     def test_GET_no_delay(self):
         """Test a limit handles 1 GET per second."""
-        limit = Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 1)
+        limit = limits.Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 1)
         delay = limit("GET", "/anything")
         self.assertEqual(None, delay)
         self.assertEqual(0, limit.next_request)
@@ -246,7 +339,7 @@ class LimitTest(BaseLimitTestSuite):
 
     def test_GET_delay(self):
         """Test two calls to 1 GET per second limit."""
-        limit = Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 1)
+        limit = limits.Limit("GET", "*", ".*", 1, 1)
         delay = limit("GET", "/anything")
         self.assertEqual(None, delay)
 
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_servers.py b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_servers.py
index 556046e9d..5c643fcef 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_servers.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/openstack/test_servers.py
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import nova.api.openstack
 from nova.api.openstack import servers
 import nova.compute.api
 from nova.compute import instance_types
+from nova.compute import power_state
 import nova.db.api
 from nova.db.sqlalchemy.models import Instance
 from nova.db.sqlalchemy.models import InstanceMetadata
@@ -56,6 +57,12 @@ def return_server_with_addresses(private, public):
     return _return_server
 
 
+def return_server_with_power_state(power_state):
+    def _return_server(context, id):
+        return stub_instance(id, power_state=power_state)
+    return _return_server
+
+
 def return_servers(context, user_id=1):
     return [stub_instance(i, user_id) for i in xrange(5)]
 
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@ def instance_address(context, instance_id):
 
 
 def stub_instance(id, user_id=1, private_address=None, public_addresses=None,
-                  host=None):
+                  host=None, power_state=0):
     metadata = []
     metadata.append(InstanceMetadata(key='seq', value=id))
 
@@ -96,7 +103,7 @@ def stub_instance(id, user_id=1, private_address=None, public_addresses=None,
         "launch_index": 0,
         "key_name": "",
         "key_data": "",
-        "state": 0,
+        "state": power_state,
         "state_description": "",
         "memory_mb": 0,
         "vcpus": 0,
@@ -613,6 +620,33 @@ class ServersTest(test.TestCase):
         res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
         self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
 
+    def test_create_instance_v11_local_href(self):
+        self._setup_for_create_instance()
+
+        imageRef = 'http://localhost/v1.1/images/2'
+        imageRefLocal = '2'
+        flavorRef = 'http://localhost/v1.1/flavors/3'
+        body = {
+            'server': {
+                'name': 'server_test',
+                'imageRef': imageRefLocal,
+                'flavorRef': flavorRef,
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+        req.headers["content-type"] = "application/json"
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+
+        server = json.loads(res.body)['server']
+        self.assertEqual(1, server['id'])
+        self.assertEqual(flavorRef, server['flavorRef'])
+        self.assertEqual(imageRef, server['imageRef'])
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 200)
+
     def test_create_instance_with_admin_pass_v10(self):
         self._setup_for_create_instance()
 
@@ -1024,15 +1058,175 @@ class ServersTest(test.TestCase):
         req.body = json.dumps(body)
         res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
 
-    def test_server_rebuild(self):
-        body = dict(server=dict(
-            name='server_test', imageId=2, flavorId=2, metadata={},
-            personality={}))
+    def test_server_rebuild_accepted(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageId": 2,
+            },
+        }
+
         req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1/action')
         req.method = 'POST'
         req.content_type = 'application/json'
         req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 202)
+        self.assertEqual(res.body, "")
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_rejected_when_building(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageId": 2,
+            },
+        }
+
+        state = power_state.BUILDING
+        new_return_server = return_server_with_power_state(state)
+        self.stubs.Set(nova.db.api, 'instance_get', new_return_server)
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 409)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_bad_entity(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_accepted_minimum_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 202)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_rejected_when_building_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+            },
+        }
+
+        state = power_state.BUILDING
+        new_return_server = return_server_with_power_state(state)
+        self.stubs.Set(nova.db.api, 'instance_get', new_return_server)
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 409)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_accepted_with_metadata_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+                "metadata": {
+                    "new": "metadata",
+                },
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 202)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_accepted_with_bad_metadata_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+                "metadata": "stack",
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
         res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_bad_entity_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageId": 2,
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_bad_personality_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+                "personality": [{
+                    "path": "/path/to/file",
+                    "contents": "INVALID b64",
+                }]
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
+
+    def test_server_rebuild_personality_v11(self):
+        body = {
+            "rebuild": {
+                "imageRef": "http://localhost/images/2",
+                "personality": [{
+                    "path": "/path/to/file",
+                    "contents": base64.b64encode("Test String"),
+                }]
+            },
+        }
+
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.1/servers/1/action')
+        req.method = 'POST'
+        req.content_type = 'application/json'
+        req.body = json.dumps(body)
+
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 202)
 
     def test_delete_server_instance(self):
         req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1')
@@ -1155,6 +1349,24 @@ class ServersTest(test.TestCase):
         res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
         self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 400)
 
+    def test_shutdown_status(self):
+        new_server = return_server_with_power_state(power_state.SHUTDOWN)
+        self.stubs.Set(nova.db.api, 'instance_get', new_server)
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1')
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 200)
+        res_dict = json.loads(res.body)
+        self.assertEqual(res_dict['server']['status'], 'SHUTDOWN')
+
+    def test_shutoff_status(self):
+        new_server = return_server_with_power_state(power_state.SHUTOFF)
+        self.stubs.Set(nova.db.api, 'instance_get', new_server)
+        req = webob.Request.blank('/v1.0/servers/1')
+        res = req.get_response(fakes.wsgi_app())
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_int, 200)
+        res_dict = json.loads(res.body)
+        self.assertEqual(res_dict['server']['status'], 'SHUTOFF')
+
 
 class TestServerCreateRequestXMLDeserializer(unittest.TestCase):
 
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_exception.py b/nova/tests/test_exception.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4d3b9cc73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/tests/test_exception.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+from nova import test
+from nova import exception
+
+
+class ApiErrorTestCase(test.TestCase):
+    def test_return_valid_error(self):
+        # without 'code' arg
+        err = exception.ApiError('fake error')
+        self.assertEqual(err.__str__(), 'fake error')
+        self.assertEqual(err.code, None)
+        self.assertEqual(err.msg, 'fake error')
+        # with 'code' arg
+        err = exception.ApiError('fake error', 'blah code')
+        self.assertEqual(err.__str__(), 'blah code: fake error')
+        self.assertEqual(err.code, 'blah code')
+        self.assertEqual(err.msg, 'fake error')
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_instance_types.py b/nova/tests/test_instance_types.py
index dd7d0737e..ef271518c 100644
--- a/nova/tests/test_instance_types.py
+++ b/nova/tests/test_instance_types.py
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ class InstanceTypeTestCase(test.TestCase):
     def test_invalid_create_args_should_fail(self):
         """Ensures that instance type creation fails with invalid args"""
         self.assertRaises(
-                exception.InvalidInputException,
+                exception.InvalidInput,
                 instance_types.create, self.name, 0, 1, 120, self.flavorid)
         self.assertRaises(
-                exception.InvalidInputException,
+                exception.InvalidInput,
                 instance_types.create, self.name, 256, -1, 120, self.flavorid)
         self.assertRaises(
-                exception.InvalidInputException,
+                exception.InvalidInput,
                 instance_types.create, self.name, 256, 1, "aa", self.flavorid)
 
     def test_non_existant_inst_type_shouldnt_delete(self):
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_libvirt.py b/nova/tests/test_libvirt.py
index fd284c52b..813963f25 100644
--- a/nova/tests/test_libvirt.py
+++ b/nova/tests/test_libvirt.py
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ from nova import test
 from nova import utils
 from nova.api.ec2 import cloud
 from nova.auth import manager
-from nova.compute import manager as compute_manager
 from nova.compute import power_state
-from nova.db.sqlalchemy import models
 from nova.virt.libvirt import connection
 from nova.virt.libvirt import firewall
 
@@ -47,6 +45,27 @@ def _concurrency(wait, done, target):
     done.send()
 
 
+def _create_network_info(count=1, ipv6=None):
+    if ipv6 is None:
+        ipv6 = FLAGS.use_ipv6
+    fake = 'fake'
+    fake_ip = '0.0.0.0/0'
+    fake_ip_2 = '0.0.0.1/0'
+    fake_ip_3 = '0.0.0.1/0'
+    network = {'gateway': fake,
+               'gateway_v6': fake,
+               'bridge': fake,
+               'cidr': fake_ip,
+               'cidr_v6': fake_ip}
+    mapping = {'mac': fake,
+               'ips': [{'ip': fake_ip}, {'ip': fake_ip}]}
+    if ipv6:
+        mapping['ip6s'] = [{'ip': fake_ip},
+                           {'ip': fake_ip_2},
+                           {'ip': fake_ip_3}]
+    return [(network, mapping) for x in xrange(0, count)]
+
+
 class CacheConcurrencyTestCase(test.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         super(CacheConcurrencyTestCase, self).setUp()
@@ -195,6 +214,37 @@ class LibvirtConnTestCase(test.TestCase):
 
         return db.service_create(context.get_admin_context(), service_ref)
 
+    def test_preparing_xml_info(self):
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(True)
+        instance_ref = db.instance_create(self.context, self.test_instance)
+
+        result = conn._prepare_xml_info(instance_ref, False)
+        self.assertFalse(result['nics'])
+
+        result = conn._prepare_xml_info(instance_ref, False,
+                                        _create_network_info())
+        self.assertTrue(len(result['nics']) == 1)
+
+        result = conn._prepare_xml_info(instance_ref, False,
+                                        _create_network_info(2))
+        self.assertTrue(len(result['nics']) == 2)
+
+    def test_get_nic_for_xml_v4(self):
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(True)
+        network, mapping = _create_network_info()[0]
+        self.flags(use_ipv6=False)
+        params = conn._get_nic_for_xml(network, mapping)['extra_params']
+        self.assertTrue(params.find('PROJNETV6') == -1)
+        self.assertTrue(params.find('PROJMASKV6') == -1)
+
+    def test_get_nic_for_xml_v6(self):
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(True)
+        network, mapping = _create_network_info()[0]
+        self.flags(use_ipv6=True)
+        params = conn._get_nic_for_xml(network, mapping)['extra_params']
+        self.assertTrue(params.find('PROJNETV6') > -1)
+        self.assertTrue(params.find('PROJMASKV6') > -1)
+
     def test_xml_and_uri_no_ramdisk_no_kernel(self):
         instance_data = dict(self.test_instance)
         self._check_xml_and_uri(instance_data,
@@ -230,6 +280,22 @@ class LibvirtConnTestCase(test.TestCase):
         instance_data = dict(self.test_instance)
         self._check_xml_and_container(instance_data)
 
+    def test_multi_nic(self):
+        instance_data = dict(self.test_instance)
+        network_info = _create_network_info(2)
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(True)
+        instance_ref = db.instance_create(self.context, instance_data)
+        xml = conn.to_xml(instance_ref, False, network_info)
+        tree = xml_to_tree(xml)
+        interfaces = tree.findall("./devices/interface")
+        self.assertEquals(len(interfaces), 2)
+        parameters = interfaces[0].findall('./filterref/parameter')
+        self.assertEquals(interfaces[0].get('type'), 'bridge')
+        self.assertEquals(parameters[0].get('name'), 'IP')
+        self.assertEquals(parameters[0].get('value'), '0.0.0.0/0')
+        self.assertEquals(parameters[1].get('name'), 'DHCPSERVER')
+        self.assertEquals(parameters[1].get('value'), 'fake')
+
     def _check_xml_and_container(self, instance):
         user_context = context.RequestContext(project=self.project,
                                               user=self.user)
@@ -328,19 +394,13 @@ class LibvirtConnTestCase(test.TestCase):
                     check = (lambda t: t.find('./os/initrd'), None)
                 check_list.append(check)
 
+        parameter = './devices/interface/filterref/parameter'
         common_checks = [
             (lambda t: t.find('.').tag, 'domain'),
-            (lambda t: t.find(
-                './devices/interface/filterref/parameter').get('name'), 'IP'),
-            (lambda t: t.find(
-                './devices/interface/filterref/parameter').get(
-                    'value'), '10.11.12.13'),
-            (lambda t: t.findall(
-                './devices/interface/filterref/parameter')[1].get(
-                    'name'), 'DHCPSERVER'),
-            (lambda t: t.findall(
-                './devices/interface/filterref/parameter')[1].get(
-                    'value'), '10.0.0.1'),
+            (lambda t: t.find(parameter).get('name'), 'IP'),
+            (lambda t: t.find(parameter).get('value'), '10.11.12.13'),
+            (lambda t: t.findall(parameter)[1].get('name'), 'DHCPSERVER'),
+            (lambda t: t.findall(parameter)[1].get('value'), '10.0.0.1'),
             (lambda t: t.find('./devices/serial/source').get(
                 'path').split('/')[1], 'console.log'),
             (lambda t: t.find('./memory').text, '2097152')]
@@ -550,6 +610,48 @@ class LibvirtConnTestCase(test.TestCase):
         db.volume_destroy(self.context, volume_ref['id'])
         db.instance_destroy(self.context, instance_ref['id'])
 
+    def test_spawn_with_network_info(self):
+        # Skip if non-libvirt environment
+        if not self.lazy_load_library_exists():
+            return
+
+        # Preparing mocks
+        def fake_none(self, instance):
+            return
+
+        self.create_fake_libvirt_mock()
+        instance = db.instance_create(self.context, self.test_instance)
+
+        # Start test
+        self.mox.ReplayAll()
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(False)
+        conn.firewall_driver.setattr('setup_basic_filtering', fake_none)
+        conn.firewall_driver.setattr('prepare_instance_filter', fake_none)
+
+        network = db.project_get_network(context.get_admin_context(),
+                                         self.project.id)
+        ip_dict = {'ip': self.test_ip,
+                   'netmask': network['netmask'],
+                   'enabled': '1'}
+        mapping = {'label': network['label'],
+                   'gateway': network['gateway'],
+                   'mac': instance['mac_address'],
+                   'dns': [network['dns']],
+                   'ips': [ip_dict]}
+        network_info = [(network, mapping)]
+
+        try:
+            conn.spawn(instance, network_info)
+        except Exception, e:
+            count = (0 <= e.message.find('Unexpected method call'))
+
+        self.assertTrue(count)
+
+    def test_get_host_ip_addr(self):
+        conn = connection.LibvirtConnection(False)
+        ip = conn.get_host_ip_addr()
+        self.assertEquals(ip, FLAGS.my_ip)
+
     def tearDown(self):
         self.manager.delete_project(self.project)
         self.manager.delete_user(self.user)
@@ -615,12 +717,15 @@ class IptablesFirewallTestCase(test.TestCase):
       '# Completed on Tue Jan 18 23:47:56 2011',
     ]
 
+    def _create_instance_ref(self):
+        return db.instance_create(self.context,
+                                  {'user_id': 'fake',
+                                   'project_id': 'fake',
+                                   'mac_address': '56:12:12:12:12:12',
+                                   'instance_type_id': 1})
+
     def test_static_filters(self):
-        instance_ref = db.instance_create(self.context,
-                                          {'user_id': 'fake',
-                                          'project_id': 'fake',
-                                          'mac_address': '56:12:12:12:12:12',
-                                          'instance_type_id': 1})
+        instance_ref = self._create_instance_ref()
         ip = '10.11.12.13'
 
         network_ref = db.project_get_network(self.context,
@@ -731,6 +836,40 @@ class IptablesFirewallTestCase(test.TestCase):
                         "TCP port 80/81 acceptance rule wasn't added")
         db.instance_destroy(admin_ctxt, instance_ref['id'])
 
+    def test_filters_for_instance_with_ip_v6(self):
+        self.flags(use_ipv6=True)
+        network_info = _create_network_info()
+        rulesv4, rulesv6 = self.fw._filters_for_instance("fake", network_info)
+        self.assertEquals(len(rulesv4), 2)
+        self.assertEquals(len(rulesv6), 3)
+
+    def test_filters_for_instance_without_ip_v6(self):
+        self.flags(use_ipv6=False)
+        network_info = _create_network_info()
+        rulesv4, rulesv6 = self.fw._filters_for_instance("fake", network_info)
+        self.assertEquals(len(rulesv4), 2)
+        self.assertEquals(len(rulesv6), 0)
+
+    def multinic_iptables_test(self):
+        ipv4_rules_per_network = 2
+        ipv6_rules_per_network = 3
+        networks_count = 5
+        instance_ref = self._create_instance_ref()
+        network_info = _create_network_info(networks_count)
+        ipv4_len = len(self.fw.iptables.ipv4['filter'].rules)
+        ipv6_len = len(self.fw.iptables.ipv6['filter'].rules)
+        inst_ipv4, inst_ipv6 = self.fw.instance_rules(instance_ref,
+                                                      network_info)
+        self.fw.add_filters_for_instance(instance_ref, network_info)
+        ipv4 = self.fw.iptables.ipv4['filter'].rules
+        ipv6 = self.fw.iptables.ipv6['filter'].rules
+        ipv4_network_rules = len(ipv4) - len(inst_ipv4) - ipv4_len
+        ipv6_network_rules = len(ipv6) - len(inst_ipv6) - ipv6_len
+        self.assertEquals(ipv4_network_rules,
+                          ipv4_rules_per_network * networks_count)
+        self.assertEquals(ipv6_network_rules,
+                          ipv6_rules_per_network * networks_count)
+
 
 class NWFilterTestCase(test.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
@@ -812,6 +951,28 @@ class NWFilterTestCase(test.TestCase):
 
         return db.security_group_get_by_name(self.context, 'fake', 'testgroup')
 
+    def _create_instance(self):
+        return db.instance_create(self.context,
+                                  {'user_id': 'fake',
+                                   'project_id': 'fake',
+                                   'mac_address': '00:A0:C9:14:C8:29',
+                                   'instance_type_id': 1})
+
+    def _create_instance_type(self, params={}):
+        """Create a test instance"""
+        context = self.context.elevated()
+        inst = {}
+        inst['name'] = 'm1.small'
+        inst['memory_mb'] = '1024'
+        inst['vcpus'] = '1'
+        inst['local_gb'] = '20'
+        inst['flavorid'] = '1'
+        inst['swap'] = '2048'
+        inst['rxtx_quota'] = 100
+        inst['rxtx_cap'] = 200
+        inst.update(params)
+        return db.instance_type_create(context, inst)['id']
+
     def test_creates_base_rule_first(self):
         # These come pre-defined by libvirt
         self.defined_filters = ['no-mac-spoofing',
@@ -840,25 +1001,18 @@ class NWFilterTestCase(test.TestCase):
 
         self.fake_libvirt_connection.nwfilterDefineXML = _filterDefineXMLMock
 
-        instance_ref = db.instance_create(self.context,
-                                          {'user_id': 'fake',
-                                          'project_id': 'fake',
-                                          'mac_address': '00:A0:C9:14:C8:29',
-                                          'instance_type_id': 1})
+        instance_ref = self._create_instance()
         inst_id = instance_ref['id']
 
         ip = '10.11.12.13'
 
-        network_ref = db.project_get_network(self.context,
-                                             'fake')
-
-        fixed_ip = {'address': ip,
-                    'network_id': network_ref['id']}
+        network_ref = db.project_get_network(self.context, 'fake')
+        fixed_ip = {'address': ip, 'network_id': network_ref['id']}
 
         admin_ctxt = context.get_admin_context()
         db.fixed_ip_create(admin_ctxt, fixed_ip)
         db.fixed_ip_update(admin_ctxt, ip, {'allocated': True,
-                                            'instance_id': instance_ref['id']})
+                                            'instance_id': inst_id})
 
         def _ensure_all_called():
             instance_filter = 'nova-instance-%s-%s' % (instance_ref['name'],
@@ -884,3 +1038,11 @@ class NWFilterTestCase(test.TestCase):
         _ensure_all_called()
         self.teardown_security_group()
         db.instance_destroy(admin_ctxt, instance_ref['id'])
+
+    def test_create_network_filters(self):
+        instance_ref = self._create_instance()
+        network_info = _create_network_info(3)
+        result = self.fw._create_network_filters(instance_ref,
+                                                 network_info,
+                                                 "fake")
+        self.assertEquals(len(result), 3)
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_misc.py b/nova/tests/test_misc.py
index 4e17e1ce0..cf8f4c05e 100644
--- a/nova/tests/test_misc.py
+++ b/nova/tests/test_misc.py
@@ -29,11 +29,12 @@ from nova.utils import parse_mailmap, str_dict_replace
 class ProjectTestCase(test.TestCase):
     def test_authors_up_to_date(self):
         topdir = os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(__file__) + '/../../')
-        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(topdir, '.bzr')):
-            contributors = set()
-
-            mailmap = parse_mailmap(os.path.join(topdir, '.mailmap'))
+        missing = set()
+        contributors = set()
+        mailmap = parse_mailmap(os.path.join(topdir, '.mailmap'))
+        authors_file = open(os.path.join(topdir, 'Authors'), 'r').read()
 
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(topdir, '.bzr')):
             import bzrlib.workingtree
             tree = bzrlib.workingtree.WorkingTree.open(topdir)
             tree.lock_read()
@@ -47,22 +48,36 @@ class ProjectTestCase(test.TestCase):
                     for r in revs:
                         for author in r.get_apparent_authors():
                             email = author.split(' ')[-1]
-                            contributors.add(str_dict_replace(email, mailmap))
+                            contributors.add(str_dict_replace(email,
+                                                              mailmap))
+            finally:
+                tree.unlock()
 
-                authors_file = open(os.path.join(topdir, 'Authors'),
-                                    'r').read()
+        elif os.path.exists(os.path.join(topdir, '.git')):
+            import git
+            repo = git.Repo(topdir)
+            for commit in repo.head.commit.iter_parents():
+                email = commit.author.email
+                if email is None:
+                    email = commit.author.name
+                if 'nova-core' in email:
+                    continue
+                if email.split(' ')[-1] == '<>':
+                    email = email.split(' ')[-2]
+                email = '<' + email + '>'
+                contributors.add(str_dict_replace(email, mailmap))
 
-                missing = set()
-                for contributor in contributors:
-                    if contributor == 'nova-core':
-                        continue
-                    if not contributor in authors_file:
-                        missing.add(contributor)
+        else:
+            return
 
-                self.assertTrue(len(missing) == 0,
-                                '%r not listed in Authors' % missing)
-            finally:
-                tree.unlock()
+        for contributor in contributors:
+            if contributor == 'nova-core':
+                continue
+            if not contributor in authors_file:
+                missing.add(contributor)
+
+        self.assertTrue(len(missing) == 0,
+                        '%r not listed in Authors' % missing)
 
 
 class LockTestCase(test.TestCase):
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_scheduler.py b/nova/tests/test_scheduler.py
index 42ea19d6e..968ef9d6c 100644
--- a/nova/tests/test_scheduler.py
+++ b/nova/tests/test_scheduler.py
@@ -120,12 +120,11 @@ class SchedulerTestCase(test.TestCase):
         dest = 'dummydest'
         ctxt = context.get_admin_context()
 
-        try:
-            scheduler.show_host_resources(ctxt, dest)
-        except exception.NotFound, e:
-            c1 = (e.message.find(_("does not exist or is not a "
-                                   "compute node.")) >= 0)
-        self.assertTrue(c1)
+        self.assertRaises(exception.NotFound, scheduler.show_host_resources,
+                          ctxt, dest)
+        #TODO(bcwaldon): reimplement this functionality
+        #c1 = (e.message.find(_("does not exist or is not a "
+        #                       "compute node.")) >= 0)
 
     def _dic_is_equal(self, dic1, dic2, keys=None):
         """Compares 2 dictionary contents(Helper method)"""
@@ -769,14 +768,10 @@ class SimpleDriverTestCase(test.TestCase):
         s_ref = self._create_compute_service(host='somewhere',
                                              memory_mb_used=12)
 
-        try:
-            self.scheduler.driver._live_migration_dest_check(self.context,
-                                                             i_ref,
-                                                             'somewhere')
-        except exception.NotEmpty, e:
-            c = (e.message.find('Unable to migrate') >= 0)
+        self.assertRaises(exception.MigrationError,
+                          self.scheduler.driver._live_migration_dest_check,
+                          self.context, i_ref, 'somewhere')
 
-        self.assertTrue(c)
         db.instance_destroy(self.context, instance_id)
         db.service_destroy(self.context, s_ref['id'])
 
@@ -941,7 +936,7 @@ class FakeRerouteCompute(api.reroute_compute):
 
 
 def go_boom(self, context, instance):
-    raise exception.InstanceNotFound("boom message", instance)
+    raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance)
 
 
 def found_instance(self, context, instance):
@@ -990,11 +985,8 @@ class ZoneRedirectTest(test.TestCase):
     def test_routing_flags(self):
         FLAGS.enable_zone_routing = False
         decorator = FakeRerouteCompute("foo")
-        try:
-            result = decorator(go_boom)(None, None, 1)
-            self.assertFail(_("Should have thrown exception."))
-        except exception.InstanceNotFound, e:
-            self.assertEquals(e.message, 'boom message')
+        self.assertRaises(exception.InstanceNotFound, decorator(go_boom),
+                          None, None, 1)
 
     def test_get_collection_context_and_id(self):
         decorator = api.reroute_compute("foo")
diff --git a/nova/tests/test_volume.py b/nova/tests/test_volume.py
index e9d8289aa..236d12434 100644
--- a/nova/tests/test_volume.py
+++ b/nova/tests/test_volume.py
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class VolumeTestCase(test.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(vol['status'], "available")
 
         self.volume.delete_volume(self.context, volume_id)
-        self.assertRaises(exception.Error,
+        self.assertRaises(exception.VolumeNotFound,
                           db.volume_get,
                           self.context,
                           volume_id)
diff --git a/nova/utils.py b/nova/utils.py
index b783f6c14..bfcf79216 100644
--- a/nova/utils.py
+++ b/nova/utils.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def import_class(import_str):
         return getattr(sys.modules[mod_str], class_str)
     except (ImportError, ValueError, AttributeError), exc:
         LOG.debug(_('Inner Exception: %s'), exc)
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Class %s cannot be found') % class_str)
+        raise exception.ClassNotFound(class_name=class_str)
 
 
 def import_object(import_str):
diff --git a/nova/virt/fake.py b/nova/virt/fake.py
index c3d5230df..33f37b512 100644
--- a/nova/virt/fake.py
+++ b/nova/virt/fake.py
@@ -288,8 +288,7 @@ class FakeConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         knowledge of the instance
         """
         if instance_name not in self.instances:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("Instance %s Not Found")
-                                     % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
         i = self.instances[instance_name]
         return {'state': i.state,
                 'max_mem': 0,
diff --git a/nova/virt/hyperv.py b/nova/virt/hyperv.py
index 13f403a66..9026e737e 100644
--- a/nova/virt/hyperv.py
+++ b/nova/virt/hyperv.py
@@ -143,8 +143,7 @@ class HyperVConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         """ Create a new VM and start it."""
         vm = self._lookup(instance.name)
         if vm is not None:
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_('Attempt to create duplicate vm %s') %
-                    instance.name)
+            raise exception.InstanceExists(name=instance.name)
 
         user = manager.AuthManager().get_user(instance['user_id'])
         project = manager.AuthManager().get_project(instance['project_id'])
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ class HyperVConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         """Reboot the specified instance."""
         vm = self._lookup(instance.name)
         if vm is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound('instance not present %s' % instance.name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)
         self._set_vm_state(instance.name, 'Reboot')
 
     def destroy(self, instance):
@@ -412,7 +411,7 @@ class HyperVConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         """Get information about the VM"""
         vm = self._lookup(instance_id)
         if vm is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound('instance not present %s' % instance_id)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_id)
         vm = self._conn.Msvm_ComputerSystem(ElementName=instance_id)[0]
         vs_man_svc = self._conn.Msvm_VirtualSystemManagementService()[0]
         vmsettings = vm.associators(
@@ -474,14 +473,12 @@ class HyperVConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
     def attach_volume(self, instance_name, device_path, mountpoint):
         vm = self._lookup(instance_name)
         if vm is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound('Cannot attach volume to missing %s vm'
-                    % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
 
     def detach_volume(self, instance_name, mountpoint):
         vm = self._lookup(instance_name)
         if vm is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound('Cannot detach volume from missing %s '
-                    % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
 
     def poll_rescued_instances(self, timeout):
         pass
diff --git a/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py b/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py
index 4eb8e3167..e9ed88a3d 100644
--- a/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py
+++ b/nova/virt/libvirt/connection.py
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         mount_device = mountpoint.rpartition("/")[2]
         xml = self._get_disk_xml(virt_dom.XMLDesc(0), mount_device)
         if not xml:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_("No disk at %s") % mount_device)
+            raise exception.DiskNotFound(location=mount_device)
         virt_dom.detachDevice(xml)
 
     @exception.wrap_exception
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         xml = self.to_xml(instance, False, network_info)
         self.firewall_driver.setup_basic_filtering(instance, network_info)
         self.firewall_driver.prepare_instance_filter(instance, network_info)
-        self._create_image(instance, xml, network_info)
+        self._create_image(instance, xml, network_info=network_info)
         domain = self._create_new_domain(xml)
         LOG.debug(_("instance %s: is running"), instance['name'])
         self.firewall_driver.apply_instance_filter(instance)
@@ -675,6 +675,9 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True)
         return {'token': token, 'host': host, 'port': port}
 
+    def get_host_ip_addr(self):
+        return FLAGS.my_ip
+
     @exception.wrap_exception
     def get_vnc_console(self, instance):
         def get_vnc_port_for_instance(instance_name):
@@ -900,26 +903,16 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         mac_id = mapping['mac'].replace(':', '')
 
         if FLAGS.allow_project_net_traffic:
+            template = "<parameter name=\"%s\"value=\"%s\" />\n"
+            net, mask = netutils.get_net_and_mask(network['cidr'])
+            values = [("PROJNET", net), ("PROJMASK", mask)]
             if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
-                net, mask = netutils.get_net_and_mask(network['cidr'])
                 net_v6, prefixlen_v6 = netutils.get_net_and_prefixlen(
                                            network['cidr_v6'])
-                extra_params = ("<parameter name=\"PROJNET\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n"
-                            "<parameter name=\"PROJMASK\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n"
-                            "<parameter name=\"PROJNETV6\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n"
-                            "<parameter name=\"PROJMASKV6\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n") % \
-                              (net, mask, net_v6, prefixlen_v6)
-            else:
-                net, mask = netutils.get_net_and_mask(network['cidr'])
-                extra_params = ("<parameter name=\"PROJNET\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n"
-                            "<parameter name=\"PROJMASK\" "
-                            "value=\"%s\" />\n") % \
-                              (net, mask)
+                values.extend([("PROJNETV6", net_v6),
+                               ("PROJMASKV6", prefixlen_v6)])
+
+            extra_params = "".join([template % value for value in values])
         else:
             extra_params = "\n"
 
@@ -937,10 +930,8 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
 
         return result
 
-    def to_xml(self, instance, rescue=False, network_info=None):
-        # TODO(termie): cache?
-        LOG.debug(_('instance %s: starting toXML method'), instance['name'])
 
+    def _prepare_xml_info(self, instance, rescue=False, network_info=None):
         # TODO(adiantum) remove network_info creation code
         # when multinics will be completed
         if not network_info:
@@ -948,8 +939,7 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
 
         nics = []
         for (network, mapping) in network_info:
-            nics.append(self._get_nic_for_xml(network,
-                                              mapping))
+            nics.append(self._get_nic_for_xml(network, mapping))
         # FIXME(vish): stick this in db
         inst_type_id = instance['instance_type_id']
         inst_type = instance_types.get_instance_type(inst_type_id)
@@ -981,10 +971,14 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
                 xml_info['ramdisk'] = xml_info['basepath'] + "/ramdisk"
 
             xml_info['disk'] = xml_info['basepath'] + "/disk"
+        return xml_info
 
+    def to_xml(self, instance, rescue=False, network_info=None):
+        # TODO(termie): cache?
+        LOG.debug(_('instance %s: starting toXML method'), instance['name'])
+        xml_info = self._prepare_xml_info(instance, rescue, network_info)
         xml = str(Template(self.libvirt_xml, searchList=[xml_info]))
-        LOG.debug(_('instance %s: finished toXML method'),
-                        instance['name'])
+        LOG.debug(_('instance %s: finished toXML method'), instance['name'])
         return xml
 
     def _lookup_by_name(self, instance_name):
@@ -999,8 +993,7 @@ class LibvirtConnection(driver.ComputeDriver):
         except libvirt.libvirtError as ex:
             error_code = ex.get_error_code()
             if error_code == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN:
-                msg = _("Instance %s not found") % instance_name
-                raise exception.NotFound(msg)
+                raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
 
             msg = _("Error from libvirt while looking up %(instance_name)s: "
                     "[Error Code %(error_code)s] %(ex)s") % locals()
diff --git a/nova/virt/libvirt/firewall.py b/nova/virt/libvirt/firewall.py
index 99ba02aaa..618fec8c7 100644
--- a/nova/virt/libvirt/firewall.py
+++ b/nova/virt/libvirt/firewall.py
@@ -40,17 +40,14 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 class FirewallDriver(object):
-
     def prepare_instance_filter(self, instance, network_info=None):
         """Prepare filters for the instance.
 
-        At this point, the instance isn't running yet.
-
-        """
+        At this point, the instance isn't running yet."""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def unfilter_instance(self, instance):
-        """Stop filtering instance."""
+        """Stop filtering instance"""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def apply_instance_filter(self, instance):
@@ -60,26 +57,21 @@ class FirewallDriver(object):
         appropriately. This method should as far as possible be a
         no-op. It's vastly preferred to get everything set up in
         prepare_instance_filter.
-
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def refresh_security_group_rules(self, security_group_id):
-        """Refresh security group rules from data store.
+        """Refresh security group rules from data store
 
         Gets called when a rule has been added to or removed from
-        the security group.
-
-        """
+        the security group."""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def refresh_security_group_members(self, security_group_id):
-        """Refresh security group members from data store.
+        """Refresh security group members from data store
 
         Gets called when an instance gets added to or removed from
-        the security group.
-
-        """
+        the security group."""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def setup_basic_filtering(self, instance, network_info=None):
@@ -92,13 +84,12 @@ class FirewallDriver(object):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     def instance_filter_exists(self, instance):
-        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists."""
+        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists"""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
 
 class NWFilterFirewall(FirewallDriver):
-    """Network filter firewall implementation.
-
+    """
     This class implements a network filtering mechanism versatile
     enough for EC2 style Security Group filtering by leveraging
     libvirt's nwfilter.
@@ -149,46 +140,46 @@ class NWFilterFirewall(FirewallDriver):
         self.handle_security_groups = False
 
     def apply_instance_filter(self, instance):
+        """No-op. Everything is done in prepare_instance_filter"""
         pass
 
     def _get_connection(self):
         return self._libvirt_get_connection()
-
     _conn = property(_get_connection)
 
     def nova_dhcp_filter(self):
-        """Defines nova DHCP filter.
-
-        The standard allow-dhcp-server filter is an <ip> one, so it uses
-        ebtables to allow traffic through. Without a corresponding rule in
-        iptables, it'll get blocked anyway.
+        """The standard allow-dhcp-server filter is an <ip> one, so it uses
+           ebtables to allow traffic through. Without a corresponding rule in
+           iptables, it'll get blocked anyway."""
 
-        """
         return '''<filter name='nova-allow-dhcp-server' chain='ipv4'>
                     <uuid>891e4787-e5c0-d59b-cbd6-41bc3c6b36fc</uuid>
-                    <rule action='accept' direction='out' priority='100'>
-                        <udp srcipaddr='0.0.0.0'
-                             dstipaddr='255.255.255.255'
-                             srcportstart='68'
-                             dstportstart='67'/>
+                    <rule action='accept' direction='out'
+                          priority='100'>
+                      <udp srcipaddr='0.0.0.0'
+                           dstipaddr='255.255.255.255'
+                           srcportstart='68'
+                           dstportstart='67'/>
                     </rule>
-                    <rule action='accept' direction='in' priority='100'>
-                        <udp srcipaddr='$DHCPSERVER'
-                             srcportstart='67'
-                             dstportstart='68'/>
+                    <rule action='accept' direction='in'
+                          priority='100'>
+                      <udp srcipaddr='$DHCPSERVER'
+                           srcportstart='67'
+                           dstportstart='68'/>
                     </rule>
                   </filter>'''
 
     def nova_ra_filter(self):
         return '''<filter name='nova-allow-ra-server' chain='root'>
-                    <uuid>d707fa71-4fb5-4b27-9ab7-ba5ca19c8804</uuid>
-                    <rule action='accept' direction='inout' priority='100'>
-                      <icmpv6 srcipaddr='$RASERVER'/>
-                    </rule>
-                  </filter>'''
+                            <uuid>d707fa71-4fb5-4b27-9ab7-ba5ca19c8804</uuid>
+                              <rule action='accept' direction='inout'
+                                    priority='100'>
+                                <icmpv6 srcipaddr='$RASERVER'/>
+                              </rule>
+                            </filter>'''
 
     def setup_basic_filtering(self, instance, network_info=None):
-        """Set up basic filtering (MAC, IP, and ARP spoofing protection)."""
+        """Set up basic filtering (MAC, IP, and ARP spoofing protection)"""
         logging.info('called setup_basic_filtering in nwfilter')
 
         if not network_info:
@@ -296,18 +287,13 @@ class NWFilterFirewall(FirewallDriver):
         pass
 
     def prepare_instance_filter(self, instance, network_info=None):
-        """Creates an NWFilter for the given instance.
-
-        In the process, it makes sure the filters for the security groups as
-        well as the base filter are all in place.
-
+        """
+        Creates an NWFilter for the given instance. In the process,
+        it makes sure the filters for the security groups as well as
+        the base filter are all in place.
         """
         if not network_info:
             network_info = netutils.get_network_info(instance)
-        if instance['image_id'] == str(FLAGS.vpn_image_id):
-            base_filter = 'nova-vpn'
-        else:
-            base_filter = 'nova-base'
 
         ctxt = context.get_admin_context()
 
@@ -319,41 +305,59 @@ class NWFilterFirewall(FirewallDriver):
                                              'nova-base-ipv6',
                                              'nova-allow-dhcp-server']
 
+        if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
+            networks = [network for (network, _m) in network_info if
+                        network['gateway_v6']]
+
+            if networks:
+                instance_secgroup_filter_children.\
+                    append('nova-allow-ra-server')
+
         for security_group in \
                 db.security_group_get_by_instance(ctxt, instance['id']):
 
             self.refresh_security_group_rules(security_group['id'])
 
-            instance_secgroup_filter_children += [('nova-secgroup-%s' %
-                                                    security_group['id'])]
+            instance_secgroup_filter_children.append('nova-secgroup-%s' %
+                                                    security_group['id'])
 
             self._define_filter(
                     self._filter_container(instance_secgroup_filter_name,
                                            instance_secgroup_filter_children))
 
-        for (network, mapping) in network_info:
-            nic_id = mapping['mac'].replace(':', '')
-            instance_filter_name = self._instance_filter_name(instance, nic_id)
-            instance_filter_children = \
-                [base_filter, instance_secgroup_filter_name]
+        network_filters = self.\
+            _create_network_filters(instance, network_info,
+                                    instance_secgroup_filter_name)
 
-            if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
-                gateway_v6 = network['gateway_v6']
+        for (name, children) in network_filters:
+            self._define_filters(name, children)
 
-                if gateway_v6:
-                    instance_secgroup_filter_children += \
-                        ['nova-allow-ra-server']
+    def _create_network_filters(self, instance, network_info,
+                               instance_secgroup_filter_name):
+        if instance['image_id'] == str(FLAGS.vpn_image_id):
+            base_filter = 'nova-vpn'
+        else:
+            base_filter = 'nova-base'
+
+        result = []
+        for (_n, mapping) in network_info:
+            nic_id = mapping['mac'].replace(':', '')
+            instance_filter_name = self._instance_filter_name(instance, nic_id)
+            instance_filter_children = [base_filter,
+                                        instance_secgroup_filter_name]
 
             if FLAGS.allow_project_net_traffic:
-                instance_filter_children += ['nova-project']
+                instance_filter_children.append('nova-project')
                 if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
-                    instance_filter_children += ['nova-project-v6']
+                    instance_filter_children.append('nova-project-v6')
 
-            self._define_filter(
-                    self._filter_container(instance_filter_name,
-                                           instance_filter_children))
+            result.append((instance_filter_name, instance_filter_children))
+
+        return result
 
-        return
+    def _define_filters(self, filter_name, filter_children):
+        self._define_filter(self._filter_container(filter_name,
+                                                   filter_children))
 
     def refresh_security_group_rules(self, security_group_id):
         return self._define_filter(
@@ -403,7 +407,7 @@ class NWFilterFirewall(FirewallDriver):
         return 'nova-instance-%s-%s' % (instance['name'], nic_id)
 
     def instance_filter_exists(self, instance):
-        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists."""
+        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists"""
         network_info = netutils.get_network_info(instance)
         for (network, mapping) in network_info:
             nic_id = mapping['mac'].replace(':', '')
@@ -437,7 +441,7 @@ class IptablesFirewallDriver(FirewallDriver):
         return self.nwfilter.setup_basic_filtering(instance, network_info)
 
     def apply_instance_filter(self, instance):
-        """No-op. Everything is done in prepare_instance_filter."""
+        """No-op. Everything is done in prepare_instance_filter"""
         pass
 
     def unfilter_instance(self, instance):
@@ -455,34 +459,23 @@ class IptablesFirewallDriver(FirewallDriver):
         self.add_filters_for_instance(instance, network_info)
         self.iptables.apply()
 
-    def add_filters_for_instance(self, instance, network_info=None):
-        if not network_info:
-            network_info = netutils.get_network_info(instance)
-        chain_name = self._instance_chain_name(instance)
-
-        self.iptables.ipv4['filter'].add_chain(chain_name)
-
-        ips_v4 = [ip['ip'] for (_, mapping) in network_info
-                            for ip in mapping['ips']]
+    def _create_filter(self, ips, chain_name):
+        return ['-d %s -j $%s' % (ip, chain_name) for ip in ips]
 
-        for ipv4_address in ips_v4:
-            self.iptables.ipv4['filter'].add_rule('local',
-                                                  '-d %s -j $%s' %
-                                                  (ipv4_address, chain_name))
+    def _filters_for_instance(self, chain_name, network_info):
+        ips_v4 = [ip['ip'] for (_n, mapping) in network_info
+                 for ip in mapping['ips']]
+        ipv4_rules = self._create_filter(ips_v4, chain_name)
 
+        ipv6_rules = []
         if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
-            self.iptables.ipv6['filter'].add_chain(chain_name)
-            ips_v6 = [ip['ip'] for (_, mapping) in network_info
-                                 for ip in mapping['ip6s']]
+            ips_v6 = [ip['ip'] for (_n, mapping) in network_info
+                     for ip in mapping['ip6s']]
+            ipv6_rules = self._create_filter(ips_v6, chain_name)
 
-            for ipv6_address in ips_v6:
-                self.iptables.ipv6['filter'].add_rule('local',
-                                                      '-d %s -j $%s' %
-                                                      (ipv6_address,
-                                                       chain_name))
-
-        ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules = self.instance_rules(instance, network_info)
+        return ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules
 
+    def _add_filters(self, chain_name, ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules):
         for rule in ipv4_rules:
             self.iptables.ipv4['filter'].add_rule(chain_name, rule)
 
@@ -490,6 +483,17 @@ class IptablesFirewallDriver(FirewallDriver):
             for rule in ipv6_rules:
                 self.iptables.ipv6['filter'].add_rule(chain_name, rule)
 
+    def add_filters_for_instance(self, instance, network_info=None):
+        chain_name = self._instance_chain_name(instance)
+        if FLAGS.use_ipv6:
+            self.iptables.ipv6['filter'].add_chain(chain_name)
+        self.iptables.ipv4['filter'].add_chain(chain_name)
+        ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules = self._filters_for_instance(chain_name,
+                                                            network_info)
+        self._add_filters('local', ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules)
+        ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules = self.instance_rules(instance, network_info)
+        self._add_filters(chain_name, ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules)
+
     def remove_filters_for_instance(self, instance):
         chain_name = self._instance_chain_name(instance)
 
@@ -607,7 +611,7 @@ class IptablesFirewallDriver(FirewallDriver):
         return ipv4_rules, ipv6_rules
 
     def instance_filter_exists(self, instance):
-        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists."""
+        """Check nova-instance-instance-xxx exists"""
         return self.nwfilter.instance_filter_exists(instance)
 
     def refresh_security_group_members(self, security_group):
diff --git a/nova/virt/vmwareapi/fake.py b/nova/virt/vmwareapi/fake.py
index 4bb467fa9..7370684bd 100644
--- a/nova/virt/vmwareapi/fake.py
+++ b/nova/virt/vmwareapi/fake.py
@@ -387,12 +387,11 @@ def _add_file(file_path):
 def _remove_file(file_path):

     """Removes a file reference from the db."""

     if _db_content.get("files") is None:

-        raise exception.NotFound(_("No files have been added yet"))

+        raise exception.NoFilesFound()

     # Check if the remove is for a single file object or for a folder

     if file_path.find(".vmdk") != -1:

         if file_path not in _db_content.get("files"):

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("File- '%s' is not there in the "

-                           "datastore") % file_path)

+            raise exception.FileNotFound(file_path=file_path)

         _db_content.get("files").remove(file_path)

     else:

         # Removes the files in the folder and the folder too from the db

@@ -579,7 +578,7 @@ class FakeVim(object):
         """Searches the datastore for a file."""

         ds_path = kwargs.get("datastorePath")

         if _db_content.get("files", None) is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("No files have been added yet"))

+            raise exception.NoFilesFound()

         for file in _db_content.get("files"):

             if file.find(ds_path) != -1:

                 task_mdo = create_task(method, "success")

@@ -591,7 +590,7 @@ class FakeVim(object):
         """Creates a directory in the datastore."""

         ds_path = kwargs.get("name")

         if _db_content.get("files", None) is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("No files have been added yet"))

+            raise exception.NoFilesFound()

         _db_content["files"].append(ds_path)

 

     def _set_power_state(self, method, vm_ref, pwr_state="poweredOn"):

diff --git a/nova/virt/vmwareapi/vmops.py b/nova/virt/vmwareapi/vmops.py
index b700c438f..c3e79a92f 100644
--- a/nova/virt/vmwareapi/vmops.py
+++ b/nova/virt/vmwareapi/vmops.py
@@ -100,8 +100,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref:

-            raise exception.Duplicate(_("Attempted to create a VM with a name"

-                " %s, but that already exists on the host") % instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceExists(name=instance.name)

 

         client_factory = self._session._get_vim().client.factory

         service_content = self._session._get_vim().get_service_content()

@@ -116,8 +115,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
                 network_utils.get_network_with_the_name(self._session,

                                                         net_name)

             if network_ref is None:

-                raise exception.NotFound(_("Network with the name '%s' doesn't"

-                        " exist on the ESX host") % net_name)

+                raise exception.NetworkNotFoundForBridge(bridge=net_name)

 

         _check_if_network_bridge_exists()

 

@@ -337,8 +335,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

 

         client_factory = self._session._get_vim().client.factory

         service_content = self._session._get_vim().get_service_content()

@@ -388,8 +385,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
                                     "VirtualMachine",

                                     "datastore")

             if not ds_ref_ret:

-                raise exception.NotFound(_("Failed to get the datastore "

-                                "reference(s) which the VM uses"))

+                raise exception.DatastoreNotFound()

             ds_ref = ds_ref_ret.ManagedObjectReference[0]

             ds_browser = vim_util.get_dynamic_property(

                                        self._session._get_vim(),

@@ -480,8 +476,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """Reboot a VM instance."""

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

         lst_properties = ["summary.guest.toolsStatus", "runtime.powerState",

                           "summary.guest.toolsRunningStatus"]

         props = self._session._call_method(vim_util, "get_object_properties",

@@ -605,8 +600,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """Suspend the specified instance."""

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

 

         pwr_state = self._session._call_method(vim_util,

                     "get_dynamic_property", vm_ref,

@@ -630,8 +624,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """Resume the specified instance."""

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

 

         pwr_state = self._session._call_method(vim_util,

                                      "get_dynamic_property", vm_ref,

@@ -651,8 +644,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """Return data about the VM instance."""

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance_name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance_name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)

 

         lst_properties = ["summary.config.numCpu",

                     "summary.config.memorySizeMB",

@@ -688,8 +680,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """Return snapshot of console."""

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

         param_list = {"id": str(vm_ref)}

         base_url = "%s://%s/screen?%s" % (self._session._scheme,

                                          self._session._host_ip,

@@ -717,8 +708,7 @@ class VMWareVMOps(object):
         """

         vm_ref = self._get_vm_ref_from_the_name(instance.name)

         if vm_ref is None:

-            raise exception.NotFound(_("instance - %s not present") %

-                                     instance.name)

+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance.id)

         network = db.network_get_by_instance(context.get_admin_context(),

                                             instance['id'])

         mac_addr = instance.mac_address

diff --git a/nova/virt/xenapi/vm_utils.py b/nova/virt/xenapi/vm_utils.py
index 1927500ad..c8f342aa8 100644
--- a/nova/virt/xenapi/vm_utils.py
+++ b/nova/virt/xenapi/vm_utils.py
@@ -506,9 +506,7 @@ class VMHelper(HelperBase):
             try:
                 return glance_disk_format2nova_type[disk_format]
             except KeyError:
-                raise exception.NotFound(
-                    _("Unrecognized disk_format '%(disk_format)s'")
-                    % locals())
+                raise exception.InvalidDiskFormat(disk_format=disk_format)
 
         def determine_from_instance():
             if instance.kernel_id:
@@ -643,8 +641,7 @@ class VMHelper(HelperBase):
         if n == 0:
             return None
         elif n > 1:
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_('duplicate name found: %s') %
-                                        name_label)
+            raise exception.InstanceExists(name=name_label)
         else:
             return vm_refs[0]
 
@@ -853,7 +850,7 @@ def safe_find_sr(session):
     """
     sr_ref = find_sr(session)
     if sr_ref is None:
-        raise exception.NotFound(_('Cannot find SR to read/write VDI'))
+        raise exception.StorageRepositoryNotFound()
     return sr_ref
 
 
diff --git a/nova/virt/xenapi/vmops.py b/nova/virt/xenapi/vmops.py
index 8b6a35f74..30f31517d 100644
--- a/nova/virt/xenapi/vmops.py
+++ b/nova/virt/xenapi/vmops.py
@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ class VMOps(object):
         instance_name = instance.name
         vm_ref = VMHelper.lookup(self._session, instance_name)
         if vm_ref is not None:
-            raise exception.Duplicate(_('Attempted to create'
-                    ' non-unique name %s') % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceExists(name=instance_name)
 
         #ensure enough free memory is available
         if not VMHelper.ensure_free_mem(self._session, instance):
@@ -211,8 +210,6 @@ class VMOps(object):
         def _wait_for_boot():
             try:
                 state = self.get_info(instance_name)['state']
-                db.instance_set_state(context.get_admin_context(),
-                                      instance['id'], state)
                 if state == power_state.RUNNING:
                     LOG.debug(_('Instance %s: booted'), instance_name)
                     timer.stop()
@@ -220,11 +217,7 @@ class VMOps(object):
                     return True
             except Exception, exc:
                 LOG.warn(exc)
-                LOG.exception(_('instance %s: failed to boot'),
-                              instance_name)
-                db.instance_set_state(context.get_admin_context(),
-                                      instance['id'],
-                                      power_state.SHUTDOWN)
+                LOG.exception(_('Instance %s: failed to boot'), instance_name)
                 timer.stop()
                 return False
 
@@ -260,8 +253,7 @@ class VMOps(object):
             instance_name = instance_or_vm.name
         vm_ref = VMHelper.lookup(self._session, instance_name)
         if vm_ref is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound(
-                            _('Instance not present %s') % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_obj.id)
         return vm_ref
 
     def _acquire_bootlock(self, vm):
@@ -578,9 +570,8 @@ class VMOps(object):
 
         if not (instance.kernel_id and instance.ramdisk_id):
             # 2. We only have kernel xor ramdisk
-            raise exception.NotFound(
-                _("Instance %(instance_id)s has a kernel or ramdisk but not "
-                  "both" % locals()))
+            raise exception.InstanceUnacceptable(instance_id=instance_id,
+               reason=_("instance has a kernel or ramdisk but not both"))
 
         # 3. We have both kernel and ramdisk
         (kernel, ramdisk) = VMHelper.lookup_kernel_ramdisk(self._session,
@@ -721,8 +712,7 @@ class VMOps(object):
                                         "%s-rescue" % instance.name)
 
         if not rescue_vm_ref:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_(
-                "Instance is not in Rescue Mode: %s" % instance.name))
+            raise exception.InstanceNotInRescueMode(instance_id=instance.id)
 
         original_vm_ref = VMHelper.lookup(self._session, instance.name)
         instance._rescue = False
diff --git a/nova/virt/xenapi/volumeops.py b/nova/virt/xenapi/volumeops.py
index 757ecf5ad..afcb8cf47 100644
--- a/nova/virt/xenapi/volumeops.py
+++ b/nova/virt/xenapi/volumeops.py
@@ -45,8 +45,7 @@ class VolumeOps(object):
         # Before we start, check that the VM exists
         vm_ref = VMHelper.lookup(self._session, instance_name)
         if vm_ref is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('Instance %s not found')
-                                      % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
         # NOTE: No Resource Pool concept so far
         LOG.debug(_("Attach_volume: %(instance_name)s, %(device_path)s,"
                 " %(mountpoint)s") % locals())
@@ -98,8 +97,7 @@ class VolumeOps(object):
         # Before we start, check that the VM exists
         vm_ref = VMHelper.lookup(self._session, instance_name)
         if vm_ref is None:
-            raise exception.NotFound(_('Instance %s not found')
-                                     % instance_name)
+            raise exception.InstanceNotFound(instance_id=instance_name)
         # Detach VBD from VM
         LOG.debug(_("Detach_volume: %(instance_name)s, %(mountpoint)s")
                 % locals())
diff --git a/nova/wsgi.py b/nova/wsgi.py
index f3f82b36a..e60a8820d 100644
--- a/nova/wsgi.py
+++ b/nova/wsgi.py
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class Serializer(object):
         try:
             return handlers[content_type]
         except Exception:
-            raise exception.InvalidContentType()
+            raise exception.InvalidContentType(content_type=content_type)
 
     def serialize(self, data, content_type):
         """Serialize a dictionary into the specified content type."""
@@ -451,8 +451,7 @@ class Serializer(object):
         try:
             return handlers[content_type]
         except Exception:
-            raise exception.InvalidContentType(_('Invalid content type %s'
-                                                 % content_type))
+            raise exception.InvalidContentType(content_type=content_type)
 
     def _from_json(self, datastring):
         return utils.loads(datastring)
diff --git a/run_tests.sh b/run_tests.sh
index 610cf1f27..e3a0bd243 100755
--- a/run_tests.sh
+++ b/run_tests.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ function usage {
   echo ""
   echo "  -V, --virtual-env        Always use virtualenv.  Install automatically if not present"
   echo "  -N, --no-virtual-env     Don't use virtualenv.  Run tests in local environment"
+  echo "  -x, --stop               Stop running tests after the first error or failure."
   echo "  -f, --force              Force a clean re-build of the virtual environment. Useful when dependencies have been added."
   echo "  -p, --pep8               Just run pep8"
   echo "  -h, --help               Print this usage message"
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 194b55183..c165f40d7 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -25,14 +25,18 @@ import sys
 from setuptools import find_packages
 from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist
 
+# In order to run the i18n commands for compiling and
+# installing message catalogs, we use DistUtilsExtra.
+# Don't make this a hard requirement, but warn that
+# i18n commands won't be available if DistUtilsExtra is
+# not installed...
 try:
-    import DistUtilsExtra.auto
+    from DistUtilsExtra.auto import setup
 except ImportError:
-    print >> sys.stderr, 'To build nova you need '\
-                         'https://launchpad.net/python-distutils-extra'
-    sys.exit(1)
-assert DistUtilsExtra.auto.__version__ >= '2.18',\
-       'needs DistUtilsExtra.auto >= 2.18'
+    from setuptools import setup
+    print "Warning: DistUtilsExtra required to use i18n builders. "
+    print "To build nova with support for message catalogs, you need "
+    print "  https://launchpad.net/python-distutils-extra >= 2.18"
 
 gettext.install('nova', unicode=1)
 
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ def find_data_files(destdir, srcdir):
     package_data += [(destdir, files)]
     return package_data
 
-DistUtilsExtra.auto.setup(name='nova',
+setup(name='nova',
       version=version.canonical_version_string(),
       description='cloud computing fabric controller',
       author='OpenStack',