merged trunk

31 files changed, 1702 insertions, 57 deletions

diff --git a/bin/nova-scheduler b/bin/nova-scheduler
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..38a8f213f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/nova-scheduler
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+  Twistd daemon for the nova scheduler nodes.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+# If ../nova/__init__.py exists, add ../ to Python search path, so that
+# it will override what happens to be installed in /usr/(local/)lib/python...
+possible_topdir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]),
+                                   os.pardir,
+                                   os.pardir))
+if os.path.exists(os.path.join(possible_topdir, 'nova', '__init__.py')):
+    sys.path.insert(0, possible_topdir)
+
+from nova import service
+from nova import twistd
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    twistd.serve(__file__)
+
+if __name__ == '__builtin__':
+    application = service.Service.create()
diff --git a/nova/api/__init__.py b/nova/api/__init__.py
index b9b9e3988..9f116dada 100644
--- a/nova/api/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/api/__init__.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ Root WSGI middleware for all API controllers.
 """
 
 import routes
+import webob.dec
 
 from nova import wsgi
 from nova.api import ec2
@@ -32,6 +33,18 @@ class API(wsgi.Router):
 
     def __init__(self):
         mapper = routes.Mapper()
+        mapper.connect("/", controller=self.versions)
         mapper.connect("/v1.0/{path_info:.*}", controller=rackspace.API())
         mapper.connect("/ec2/{path_info:.*}", controller=ec2.API())
         super(API, self).__init__(mapper)
+
+    @webob.dec.wsgify
+    def versions(self, req):
+        """Respond to a request for all OpenStack API versions."""
+        response = {
+                "versions": [
+                    dict(status="CURRENT", id="v1.0")]}
+        metadata = {
+            "application/xml": {
+                "attributes": dict(version=["status", "id"])}}
+        return wsgi.Serializer(req.environ, metadata).to_content_type(response)
diff --git a/nova/api/rackspace/__init__.py b/nova/api/rackspace/__init__.py
index b4d666d63..ac5365310 100644
--- a/nova/api/rackspace/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/api/rackspace/__init__.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ from nova import flags
 from nova import wsgi
 from nova.api.rackspace import flavors
 from nova.api.rackspace import images
+from nova.api.rackspace import ratelimiting
 from nova.api.rackspace import servers
 from nova.api.rackspace import sharedipgroups
 from nova.auth import manager
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ class API(wsgi.Middleware):
     """WSGI entry point for all Rackspace API requests."""
 
     def __init__(self):
-        app = AuthMiddleware(APIRouter())
+        app = AuthMiddleware(RateLimitingMiddleware(APIRouter()))
         super(API, self).__init__(app)
 
 
@@ -65,6 +66,72 @@ class AuthMiddleware(wsgi.Middleware):
         return self.application
 
 
+class RateLimitingMiddleware(wsgi.Middleware):
+    """Rate limit incoming requests according to the OpenStack rate limits."""
+
+    def __init__(self, application, service_host=None):
+        """Create a rate limiting middleware that wraps the given application.
+
+        By default, rate counters are stored in memory.  If service_host is
+        specified, the middleware instead relies on the ratelimiting.WSGIApp
+        at the given host+port to keep rate counters.
+        """
+        super(RateLimitingMiddleware, self).__init__(application)
+        if not service_host:
+            #TODO(gundlach): These limits were based on limitations of Cloud 
+            #Servers.  We should revisit them in Nova.
+            self.limiter = ratelimiting.Limiter(limits={
+                    'DELETE': (100, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE),
+                    'PUT': (10, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE),
+                    'POST': (10, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE),
+                    'POST servers': (50, ratelimiting.PER_DAY),
+                    'GET changes-since': (3, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE),
+                })
+        else:
+            self.limiter = ratelimiting.WSGIAppProxy(service_host)
+
+    @webob.dec.wsgify
+    def __call__(self, req):
+        """Rate limit the request.
+        
+        If the request should be rate limited, return a 413 status with a 
+        Retry-After header giving the time when the request would succeed.
+        """
+        username = req.headers['X-Auth-User']
+        action_name = self.get_action_name(req)
+        if not action_name: # not rate limited
+            return self.application
+        delay = self.get_delay(action_name, username)
+        if delay:
+            # TODO(gundlach): Get the retry-after format correct.
+            raise webob.exc.HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge(headers={
+                    'Retry-After': time.time() + delay})
+        return self.application
+
+    def get_delay(self, action_name, username):
+        """Return the delay for the given action and username, or None if
+        the action would not be rate limited.
+        """
+        if action_name == 'POST servers':
+            # "POST servers" is a POST, so it counts against "POST" too.
+            # Attempt the "POST" first, lest we are rate limited by "POST" but
+            # use up a precious "POST servers" call.
+            delay = self.limiter.perform("POST", username=username)
+            if delay:
+                return delay
+        return self.limiter.perform(action_name, username=username)
+
+    def get_action_name(self, req):
+        """Return the action name for this request."""
+        if req.method == 'GET' and 'changes-since' in req.GET:
+            return 'GET changes-since'
+        if req.method == 'POST' and req.path_info.startswith('/servers'):
+            return 'POST servers'
+        if req.method in ['PUT', 'POST', 'DELETE']:
+            return req.method
+        return None
+
+
 class APIRouter(wsgi.Router):
     """
     Routes requests on the Rackspace API to the appropriate controller
diff --git a/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/__init__.py b/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f843bac0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""Rate limiting of arbitrary actions."""
+
+import httplib
+import time
+import urllib
+import webob.dec
+import webob.exc
+
+
+# Convenience constants for the limits dictionary passed to Limiter().
+PER_SECOND = 1
+PER_MINUTE = 60
+PER_HOUR = 60 * 60
+PER_DAY = 60 * 60 * 24
+
+class Limiter(object):
+
+    """Class providing rate limiting of arbitrary actions."""
+
+    def __init__(self, limits):
+        """Create a rate limiter.
+
+        limits: a dict mapping from action name to a tuple.  The tuple contains
+        the number of times the action may be performed, and the time period
+        (in seconds) during which the number must not be exceeded for this
+        action.  Example: dict(reboot=(10, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE)) would
+        allow 10 'reboot' actions per minute.
+        """
+        self.limits = limits
+        self._levels = {}
+
+    def perform(self, action_name, username='nobody'):
+        """Attempt to perform an action by the given username.
+
+        action_name: the string name of the action to perform.  This must
+        be a key in the limits dict passed to the ctor.
+
+        username: an optional string name of the user performing the action.
+        Each user has her own set of rate limiting counters.  Defaults to
+        'nobody' (so that if you never specify a username when calling
+        perform(), a single set of counters will be used.)
+
+        Return None if the action may proceed.  If the action may not proceed
+        because it has been rate limited, return the float number of seconds
+        until the action would succeed.
+        """
+        # Think of rate limiting as a bucket leaking water at 1cc/second.  The
+        # bucket can hold as many ccs as there are seconds in the rate
+        # limiting period (e.g. 3600 for per-hour ratelimits), and if you can
+        # perform N actions in that time, each action fills the bucket by
+        # 1/Nth of its volume.  You may only perform an action if the bucket
+        # would not overflow.
+        now = time.time()
+        key = '%s:%s' % (username, action_name)
+        last_time_performed, water_level = self._levels.get(key, (now, 0))
+        # The bucket leaks 1cc/second.
+        water_level -= (now - last_time_performed)
+        if water_level < 0:
+            water_level = 0
+        num_allowed_per_period, period_in_secs = self.limits[action_name]
+        # Fill the bucket by 1/Nth its capacity, and hope it doesn't overflow.
+        capacity = period_in_secs
+        new_level = water_level + (capacity * 1.0 / num_allowed_per_period)
+        if new_level > capacity:
+            # Delay this many seconds.
+            return new_level - capacity
+        self._levels[key] = (now, new_level)
+        return None
+
+
+# If one instance of this WSGIApps is unable to handle your load, put a
+# sharding app in front that shards by username to one of many backends.
+
+class WSGIApp(object):
+
+    """Application that tracks rate limits in memory.  Send requests to it of
+    this form:
+
+    POST /limiter/<username>/<urlencoded action>
+
+    and receive a 200 OK, or a 403 Forbidden with an X-Wait-Seconds header
+    containing the number of seconds to wait before the action would succeed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, limiter):
+        """Create the WSGI application using the given Limiter instance."""
+        self.limiter = limiter
+
+    @webob.dec.wsgify
+    def __call__(self, req):
+        parts = req.path_info.split('/')
+        # format: /limiter/<username>/<urlencoded action>
+        if req.method != 'POST':
+            raise webob.exc.HTTPMethodNotAllowed()
+        if len(parts) != 4 or parts[1] != 'limiter':
+            raise webob.exc.HTTPNotFound()
+        username = parts[2]
+        action_name = urllib.unquote(parts[3])
+        delay = self.limiter.perform(action_name, username)
+        if delay:
+            return webob.exc.HTTPForbidden(
+                    headers={'X-Wait-Seconds': "%.2f" % delay})
+        else:
+            return '' # 200 OK
+
+
+class WSGIAppProxy(object):
+
+    """Limiter lookalike that proxies to a ratelimiting.WSGIApp."""
+
+    def __init__(self, service_host):
+        """Creates a proxy pointing to a ratelimiting.WSGIApp at the given 
+        host."""
+        self.service_host = service_host
+
+    def perform(self, action, username='nobody'):
+        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(self.service_host)
+        conn.request('POST', '/limiter/%s/%s' % (username, action))
+        resp = conn.getresponse()
+        if resp.status == 200:
+            return None # no delay
+        return float(resp.getheader('X-Wait-Seconds'))
diff --git a/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/tests.py b/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/tests.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c9510917
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/api/rackspace/ratelimiting/tests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+import httplib
+import StringIO
+import time
+import unittest
+import webob
+
+import nova.api.rackspace.ratelimiting as ratelimiting
+
+class LimiterTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.limits = {
+                'a': (5, ratelimiting.PER_SECOND),
+                'b': (5, ratelimiting.PER_MINUTE),
+                'c': (5, ratelimiting.PER_HOUR),
+                'd': (1, ratelimiting.PER_SECOND),
+                'e': (100, ratelimiting.PER_SECOND)}
+        self.rl = ratelimiting.Limiter(self.limits)
+
+    def exhaust(self, action, times_until_exhausted, **kwargs):
+        for i in range(times_until_exhausted):
+            when = self.rl.perform(action, **kwargs)
+            self.assertEqual(when, None)
+        num, period = self.limits[action]
+        delay = period * 1.0 / num
+        # Verify that we are now thoroughly delayed
+        for i in range(10):
+            when = self.rl.perform(action, **kwargs)
+            self.assertAlmostEqual(when, delay, 2)
+
+    def test_second(self):
+        self.exhaust('a', 5)
+        time.sleep(0.2)
+        self.exhaust('a', 1)
+        time.sleep(1)
+        self.exhaust('a', 5)
+
+    def test_minute(self):
+        self.exhaust('b', 5)
+
+    def test_one_per_period(self):
+        def allow_once_and_deny_once():
+            when = self.rl.perform('d')
+            self.assertEqual(when, None)
+            when = self.rl.perform('d')
+            self.assertAlmostEqual(when, 1, 2)
+            return when
+        time.sleep(allow_once_and_deny_once())
+        time.sleep(allow_once_and_deny_once())
+        allow_once_and_deny_once()
+
+    def test_we_can_go_indefinitely_if_we_spread_out_requests(self):
+        for i in range(200):
+            when = self.rl.perform('e')
+            self.assertEqual(when, None)
+            time.sleep(0.01)
+
+    def test_users_get_separate_buckets(self):
+        self.exhaust('c', 5, username='alice')
+        self.exhaust('c', 5, username='bob')
+        self.exhaust('c', 5, username='chuck')
+        self.exhaust('c', 0, username='chuck')
+        self.exhaust('c', 0, username='bob')
+        self.exhaust('c', 0, username='alice')
+
+
+class FakeLimiter(object):
+    """Fake Limiter class that you can tell how to behave."""
+    def __init__(self, test):
+        self._action = self._username = self._delay = None
+        self.test = test
+    def mock(self, action, username, delay):
+        self._action = action
+        self._username = username
+        self._delay = delay
+    def perform(self, action, username):
+        self.test.assertEqual(action, self._action)
+        self.test.assertEqual(username, self._username)
+        return self._delay
+
+
+class WSGIAppTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.limiter = FakeLimiter(self)
+        self.app = ratelimiting.WSGIApp(self.limiter)
+
+    def test_invalid_methods(self):
+        requests = []
+        for method in ['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE']:
+            req = webob.Request.blank('/limits/michael/breakdance', 
+                                      dict(REQUEST_METHOD=method))
+            requests.append(req)
+        for req in requests:
+            self.assertEqual(req.get_response(self.app).status_int, 405)
+
+    def test_invalid_urls(self):
+        requests = []
+        for prefix in ['limit', '', 'limiter2', 'limiter/limits', 'limiter/1']:
+            req = webob.Request.blank('/%s/michael/breakdance' % prefix,
+                                      dict(REQUEST_METHOD='POST'))
+        requests.append(req)
+        for req in requests:
+            self.assertEqual(req.get_response(self.app).status_int, 404)
+
+    def verify(self, url, username, action, delay=None):
+        """Make sure that POSTing to the given url causes the given username
+        to perform the given action.  Make the internal rate limiter return
+        delay and make sure that the WSGI app returns the correct response.
+        """
+        req = webob.Request.blank(url, dict(REQUEST_METHOD='POST'))
+        self.limiter.mock(action, username, delay)
+        resp = req.get_response(self.app)
+        if not delay:
+            self.assertEqual(resp.status_int, 200)
+        else:
+            self.assertEqual(resp.status_int, 403)
+            self.assertEqual(resp.headers['X-Wait-Seconds'], "%.2f" % delay)
+
+    def test_good_urls(self):
+        self.verify('/limiter/michael/hoot', 'michael', 'hoot')
+
+    def test_escaping(self):
+        self.verify('/limiter/michael/jump%20up', 'michael', 'jump up')
+
+    def test_response_to_delays(self):
+        self.verify('/limiter/michael/hoot', 'michael', 'hoot', 1)
+        self.verify('/limiter/michael/hoot', 'michael', 'hoot', 1.56)
+        self.verify('/limiter/michael/hoot', 'michael', 'hoot', 1000)
+
+
+class FakeHttplibSocket(object):
+    """a fake socket implementation for httplib.HTTPResponse, trivial"""
+
+    def __init__(self, response_string):
+        self._buffer = StringIO.StringIO(response_string)
+
+    def makefile(self, _mode, _other):
+        """Returns the socket's internal buffer"""
+        return self._buffer
+
+
+class FakeHttplibConnection(object):
+    """A fake httplib.HTTPConnection
+
+    Requests made via this connection actually get translated and routed into
+    our WSGI app, we then wait for the response and turn it back into
+    an httplib.HTTPResponse.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, app, host, is_secure=False):
+        self.app = app
+        self.host = host
+
+    def request(self, method, path, data='', headers={}):
+        req = webob.Request.blank(path)
+        req.method = method
+        req.body = data
+        req.headers = headers
+        req.host = self.host
+        # Call the WSGI app, get the HTTP response
+        resp = str(req.get_response(self.app))
+        # For some reason, the response doesn't have "HTTP/1.0 " prepended; I
+        # guess that's a function the web server usually provides.
+        resp = "HTTP/1.0 %s" % resp
+        sock = FakeHttplibSocket(resp)
+        self.http_response = httplib.HTTPResponse(sock)
+        self.http_response.begin()
+
+    def getresponse(self):
+        return self.http_response
+
+
+def wire_HTTPConnection_to_WSGI(host, app):
+    """Monkeypatches HTTPConnection so that if you try to connect to host, you
+    are instead routed straight to the given WSGI app.
+
+    After calling this method, when any code calls
+
+    httplib.HTTPConnection(host)
+
+    the connection object will be a fake.  Its requests will be sent directly
+    to the given WSGI app rather than through a socket.
+    
+    Code connecting to hosts other than host will not be affected.
+
+    This method may be called multiple times to map different hosts to
+    different apps.
+    """
+    class HTTPConnectionDecorator(object):
+        """Wraps the real HTTPConnection class so that when you instantiate
+        the class you might instead get a fake instance."""
+        def __init__(self, wrapped):
+            self.wrapped = wrapped
+        def __call__(self, connection_host, *args, **kwargs):
+            if connection_host == host:
+                return FakeHttplibConnection(app, host)
+            else:
+                return self.wrapped(connection_host, *args, **kwargs)
+    httplib.HTTPConnection = HTTPConnectionDecorator(httplib.HTTPConnection)
+
+
+class WSGIAppProxyTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        """Our WSGIAppProxy is going to call across an HTTPConnection to a
+        WSGIApp running a limiter.  The proxy will send input, and the proxy
+        should receive that same input, pass it to the limiter who gives a
+        result, and send the expected result back.
+
+        The HTTPConnection isn't real -- it's monkeypatched to point straight
+        at the WSGIApp.  And the limiter isn't real -- it's a fake that
+        behaves the way we tell it to.
+        """
+        self.limiter = FakeLimiter(self)
+        app = ratelimiting.WSGIApp(self.limiter)
+        wire_HTTPConnection_to_WSGI('100.100.100.100:80', app)
+        self.proxy = ratelimiting.WSGIAppProxy('100.100.100.100:80')
+
+    def test_200(self):
+        self.limiter.mock('conquer', 'caesar', None)
+        when = self.proxy.perform('conquer', 'caesar')
+        self.assertEqual(when, None)
+
+    def test_403(self):
+        self.limiter.mock('grumble', 'proletariat', 1.5)
+        when = self.proxy.perform('grumble', 'proletariat')
+        self.assertEqual(when, 1.5)
+
+    def test_failure(self):
+        def shouldRaise():
+            self.limiter.mock('murder', 'brutus', None)
+            self.proxy.perform('stab', 'brutus')
+        self.assertRaises(AssertionError, shouldRaise)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/nova/compute/manager.py b/nova/compute/manager.py
index ae7099812..24538e4f1 100644
--- a/nova/compute/manager.py
+++ b/nova/compute/manager.py
@@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.Manager):
         try:
             yield self.driver.spawn(instance_ref)
             now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
-            self.db.instance_update(None, instance_id, {'launched_at': now})
+            self.db.instance_update(context,
+                                    instance_id,
+                                    {'launched_at': now})
         except Exception:  # pylint: disable-msg=W0702
             logging.exception("instance %s: Failed to spawn",
                               instance_ref['name'])
@@ -100,8 +102,8 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.Manager):
     def terminate_instance(self, context, instance_id):
         """Terminate an instance on this machine."""
         logging.debug("instance %s: terminating", instance_id)
-        instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
 
+        instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
         if instance_ref['state'] == power_state.SHUTOFF:
             self.db.instance_destroy(context, instance_id)
             raise exception.Error('trying to destroy already destroyed'
@@ -112,8 +114,6 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.Manager):
                                    power_state.NOSTATE,
                                    'shutting_down')
         yield self.driver.destroy(instance_ref)
-        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
-        self.db.instance_update(None, instance_id, {'terminated_at': now})
 
         # TODO(ja): should we keep it in a terminated state for a bit?
         self.db.instance_destroy(context, instance_id)
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ class ComputeManager(manager.Manager):
                       volume_id)
         instance_ref = self.db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
         volume_ref = self.db.volume_get(context, volume_id)
-        self.driver.detach_volume(instance_ref['str_id'],
-                                  volume_ref['mountpoint'])
+        yield self.driver.detach_volume(instance_ref['str_id'],
+                                        volume_ref['mountpoint'])
         self.db.volume_detached(context, volume_id)
         defer.returnValue(True)
diff --git a/nova/db/api.py b/nova/db/api.py
index 2db462bdd..8e418f9f0 100644
--- a/nova/db/api.py
+++ b/nova/db/api.py
@@ -51,11 +51,45 @@ class NoMoreNetworks(exception.Error):
 ###################
 
 
+def service_destroy(context, instance_id):
+    """Destroy the service or raise if it does not exist."""
+    return IMPL.service_destroy(context, instance_id)
+
+
 def service_get(context, service_id):
     """Get an service or raise if it does not exist."""
     return IMPL.service_get(context, service_id)
 
 
+def service_get_all_by_topic(context, topic):
+    """Get all compute services for a given topic """
+    return IMPL.service_get_all_by_topic(context, topic)
+
+
+def service_get_all_compute_sorted(context):
+    """Get all compute services sorted by instance count
+
+    Returns a list of (Service, instance_count) tuples
+    """
+    return IMPL.service_get_all_compute_sorted(context)
+
+
+def service_get_all_network_sorted(context):
+    """Get all network services sorted by network count
+
+    Returns a list of (Service, network_count) tuples
+    """
+    return IMPL.service_get_all_network_sorted(context)
+
+
+def service_get_all_volume_sorted(context):
+    """Get all volume services sorted by volume count
+
+    Returns a list of (Service, volume_count) tuples
+    """
+    return IMPL.service_get_all_volume_sorted(context)
+
+
 def service_get_by_args(context, host, binary):
     """Get the state of an service by node name and binary."""
     return IMPL.service_get_by_args(context, host, binary)
@@ -91,6 +125,11 @@ def floating_ip_create(context, values):
     return IMPL.floating_ip_create(context, values)
 
 
+def floating_ip_count_by_project(context, project_id):
+    """Count floating ips used by project."""
+    return IMPL.floating_ip_count_by_project(context, project_id)
+
+
 def floating_ip_deallocate(context, address):
     """Deallocate an floating ip by address"""
     return IMPL.floating_ip_deallocate(context, address)
@@ -193,6 +232,11 @@ def instance_create(context, values):
     return IMPL.instance_create(context, values)
 
 
+def instance_data_get_for_project(context, project_id):
+    """Get (instance_count, core_count) for project."""
+    return IMPL.instance_data_get_for_project(context, project_id)
+
+
 def instance_destroy(context, instance_id):
     """Destroy the instance or raise if it does not exist."""
     return IMPL.instance_destroy(context, instance_id)
@@ -405,6 +449,29 @@ def export_device_create(context, values):
 ###################
 
 
+def quota_create(context, values):
+    """Create a quota from the values dictionary."""
+    return IMPL.quota_create(context, values)
+
+
+def quota_get(context, project_id):
+    """Retrieve a quota or raise if it does not exist."""
+    return IMPL.quota_get(context, project_id)
+
+
+def quota_update(context, project_id, values):
+    """Update a quota from the values dictionary."""
+    return IMPL.quota_update(context, project_id, values)
+
+
+def quota_destroy(context, project_id):
+    """Destroy the quota or raise if it does not exist."""
+    return IMPL.quota_destroy(context, project_id)
+
+
+###################
+
+
 def volume_allocate_shelf_and_blade(context, volume_id):
     """Atomically allocate a free shelf and blade from the pool."""
     return IMPL.volume_allocate_shelf_and_blade(context, volume_id)
@@ -420,6 +487,11 @@ def volume_create(context, values):
     return IMPL.volume_create(context, values)
 
 
+def volume_data_get_for_project(context, project_id):
+    """Get (volume_count, gigabytes) for project."""
+    return IMPL.volume_data_get_for_project(context, project_id)
+
+
 def volume_destroy(context, volume_id):
     """Destroy the volume or raise if it does not exist."""
     return IMPL.volume_destroy(context, volume_id)
diff --git a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
index be99a8eeb..30c550105 100644
--- a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
+++ b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from nova.db.sqlalchemy import models
 from nova.db.sqlalchemy.session import get_session
 from sqlalchemy import or_
 from sqlalchemy.orm import joinedload_all
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
 
 FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 
@@ -46,10 +47,92 @@ def _deleted(context):
 ###################
 
 
+def service_destroy(context, service_id):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        service_ref = models.Service.find(service_id, session=session)
+        service_ref.delete(session=session)
+
 def service_get(_context, service_id):
     return models.Service.find(service_id)
 
 
+def service_get_all_by_topic(context, topic):
+    session = get_session()
+    return session.query(models.Service
+                 ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                 ).filter_by(topic=topic
+                 ).all()
+
+
+def _service_get_all_topic_subquery(_context, session, topic, subq, label):
+    sort_value = getattr(subq.c, label)
+    return session.query(models.Service, func.coalesce(sort_value, 0)
+                 ).filter_by(topic=topic
+                 ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                 ).outerjoin((subq, models.Service.host == subq.c.host)
+                 ).order_by(sort_value
+                 ).all()
+
+
+def service_get_all_compute_sorted(context):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        # NOTE(vish): The intended query is below
+        #             SELECT services.*, COALESCE(inst_cores.instance_cores,
+        #                                         0)
+        #             FROM services LEFT OUTER JOIN
+        #             (SELECT host, SUM(instances.vcpus) AS instance_cores
+        #              FROM instances GROUP BY host) AS inst_cores
+        #             ON services.host = inst_cores.host
+        topic = 'compute'
+        label = 'instance_cores'
+        subq = session.query(models.Instance.host,
+                             func.sum(models.Instance.vcpus).label(label)
+                     ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                     ).group_by(models.Instance.host
+                     ).subquery()
+        return _service_get_all_topic_subquery(context,
+                                               session,
+                                               topic,
+                                               subq,
+                                               label)
+
+
+def service_get_all_network_sorted(context):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        topic = 'network'
+        label = 'network_count'
+        subq = session.query(models.Network.host,
+                             func.count(models.Network.id).label(label)
+                     ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                     ).group_by(models.Network.host
+                     ).subquery()
+        return _service_get_all_topic_subquery(context,
+                                               session,
+                                               topic,
+                                               subq,
+                                               label)
+
+
+def service_get_all_volume_sorted(context):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        topic = 'volume'
+        label = 'volume_gigabytes'
+        subq = session.query(models.Volume.host,
+                             func.sum(models.Volume.size).label(label)
+                     ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                     ).group_by(models.Volume.host
+                     ).subquery()
+        return _service_get_all_topic_subquery(context,
+                                               session,
+                                               topic,
+                                               subq,
+                                               label)
+
+
 def service_get_by_args(_context, host, binary):
     return models.Service.find_by_args(host, binary)
 
@@ -100,6 +183,14 @@ def floating_ip_create(_context, values):
     return floating_ip_ref['address']
 
 
+def floating_ip_count_by_project(_context, project_id):
+    session = get_session()
+    return session.query(models.FloatingIp
+                 ).filter_by(project_id=project_id
+                 ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                 ).count()
+
+
 def floating_ip_fixed_ip_associate(_context, floating_address, fixed_address):
     session = get_session()
     with session.begin():
@@ -269,6 +360,17 @@ def instance_create(_context, values):
     return instance_ref
 
 
+def instance_data_get_for_project(_context, project_id):
+    session = get_session()
+    result = session.query(func.count(models.Instance.id),
+                           func.sum(models.Instance.vcpus)
+                   ).filter_by(project_id=project_id
+                   ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                   ).first()
+    # NOTE(vish): convert None to 0
+    return (result[0] or 0, result[1] or 0)
+
+
 def instance_destroy(_context, instance_id):
     session = get_session()
     with session.begin():
@@ -579,6 +681,37 @@ def export_device_create(_context, values):
 ###################
 
 
+def quota_create(_context, values):
+    quota_ref = models.Quota()
+    for (key, value) in values.iteritems():
+        quota_ref[key] = value
+    quota_ref.save()
+    return quota_ref
+
+
+def quota_get(_context, project_id):
+    return models.Quota.find_by_str(project_id)
+
+
+def quota_update(_context, project_id, values):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        quota_ref = models.Quota.find_by_str(project_id, session=session)
+        for (key, value) in values.iteritems():
+            quota_ref[key] = value
+        quota_ref.save(session=session)
+
+
+def quota_destroy(_context, project_id):
+    session = get_session()
+    with session.begin():
+        quota_ref = models.Quota.find_by_str(project_id, session=session)
+        quota_ref.delete(session=session)
+
+
+###################
+
+
 def volume_allocate_shelf_and_blade(_context, volume_id):
     session = get_session()
     with session.begin():
@@ -616,6 +749,17 @@ def volume_create(_context, values):
     return volume_ref
 
 
+def volume_data_get_for_project(_context, project_id):
+    session = get_session()
+    result = session.query(func.count(models.Volume.id),
+                           func.sum(models.Volume.size)
+                   ).filter_by(project_id=project_id
+                   ).filter_by(deleted=False
+                   ).first()
+    # NOTE(vish): convert None to 0
+    return (result[0] or 0, result[1] or 0)
+
+
 def volume_destroy(_context, volume_id):
     session = get_session()
     with session.begin():
diff --git a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/models.py b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/models.py
index 0ecc48bae..f62b79af8 100644
--- a/nova/db/sqlalchemy/models.py
+++ b/nova/db/sqlalchemy/models.py
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class NovaBase(object):
     def delete(self, session=None):
         """Delete this object"""
         self.deleted = True
-        self.deleted_at = datetime.datetime.now()
+        self.deleted_at = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
         self.save(session=session)
 
     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
@@ -229,6 +229,11 @@ class Instance(BASE, NovaBase):
     state = Column(Integer)
     state_description = Column(String(255))
 
+    memory_mb = Column(Integer)
+    vcpus = Column(Integer)
+    local_gb = Column(Integer)
+
+
     hostname = Column(String(255))
     host = Column(String(255))  # , ForeignKey('hosts.id'))
 
@@ -239,6 +244,7 @@ class Instance(BASE, NovaBase):
     reservation_id = Column(String(255))
     mac_address = Column(String(255))
 
+    scheduled_at = Column(DateTime)
     launched_at = Column(DateTime)
     terminated_at = Column(DateTime)
     # TODO(vish): see Ewan's email about state improvements, probably
@@ -272,6 +278,39 @@ class Volume(BASE, NovaBase):
     status = Column(String(255))  # TODO(vish): enum?
     attach_status = Column(String(255))  # TODO(vish): enum
 
+    scheduled_at = Column(DateTime)
+    launched_at = Column(DateTime)
+    terminated_at = Column(DateTime)
+
+class Quota(BASE, NovaBase):
+    """Represents quota overrides for a project"""
+    __tablename__ = 'quotas'
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+
+    project_id = Column(String(255))
+
+    instances = Column(Integer)
+    cores = Column(Integer)
+    volumes = Column(Integer)
+    gigabytes = Column(Integer)
+    floating_ips = Column(Integer)
+
+    @property
+    def str_id(self):
+        return self.project_id
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find_by_str(cls, str_id, session=None, deleted=False):
+        if not session:
+            session = get_session()
+        try:
+            return session.query(cls
+                         ).filter_by(project_id=str_id
+                         ).filter_by(deleted=deleted
+                         ).one()
+        except exc.NoResultFound:
+            new_exc = exception.NotFound("No model for project_id %s" % str_id)
+            raise new_exc.__class__, new_exc, sys.exc_info()[2]
 
 class ExportDevice(BASE, NovaBase):
     """Represates a shelf and blade that a volume can be exported on"""
diff --git a/nova/endpoint/api.py b/nova/endpoint/api.py
index 40be00bb7..12eedfe67 100755
--- a/nova/endpoint/api.py
+++ b/nova/endpoint/api.py
@@ -304,7 +304,10 @@ class APIRequestHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
         try:
             failure.raiseException()
         except exception.ApiError as ex:
-            self._error(type(ex).__name__ + "." + ex.code, ex.message)
+            if ex.code:
+                self._error(ex.code, ex.message)
+            else:
+                self._error(type(ex).__name__, ex.message)
         # TODO(vish): do something more useful with unknown exceptions
         except Exception as ex:
             self._error(type(ex).__name__, str(ex))
diff --git a/nova/endpoint/cloud.py b/nova/endpoint/cloud.py
index a88b1870e..53d9dc284 100644
--- a/nova/endpoint/cloud.py
+++ b/nova/endpoint/cloud.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ datastore.
 """
 
 import base64
+import datetime
 import logging
 import os
 import time
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ from nova import crypto
 from nova import db
 from nova import exception
 from nova import flags
+from nova import quota
 from nova import rpc
 from nova import utils
 from nova.auth import rbac
@@ -44,6 +46,11 @@ FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 flags.DECLARE('storage_availability_zone', 'nova.volume.manager')
 
 
+class QuotaError(exception.ApiError):
+    """Quota Exceeeded"""
+    pass
+
+
 def _gen_key(context, user_id, key_name):
     """Generate a key
 
@@ -297,6 +304,14 @@ class CloudController(object):
 
     @rbac.allow('projectmanager', 'sysadmin')
     def create_volume(self, context, size, **kwargs):
+        # check quota
+        size = int(size)
+        if quota.allowed_volumes(context, 1, size) < 1:
+            logging.warn("Quota exceeeded for %s, tried to create %sG volume",
+                         context.project.id, size)
+            raise QuotaError("Volume quota exceeded. You cannot "
+                             "create a volume of size %s" %
+                             size)
         vol = {}
         vol['size'] = size
         vol['user_id'] = context.user.id
@@ -306,9 +321,11 @@ class CloudController(object):
         vol['attach_status'] = "detached"
         volume_ref = db.volume_create(context, vol)
 
-        rpc.cast(FLAGS.volume_topic, {"method": "create_volume",
-                                      "args": {"context": None,
-                                               "volume_id": volume_ref['id']}})
+        rpc.cast(FLAGS.scheduler_topic,
+                 {"method": "create_volume",
+                  "args": {"context": None,
+                           "topic": FLAGS.volume_topic,
+                           "volume_id": volume_ref['id']}})
 
         return {'volumeSet': [self._format_volume(context, volume_ref)]}
 
@@ -317,6 +334,8 @@ class CloudController(object):
     def attach_volume(self, context, volume_id, instance_id, device, **kwargs):
         volume_ref = db.volume_get_by_str(context, volume_id)
         # TODO(vish): abstract status checking?
+        if volume_ref['status'] != "available":
+            raise exception.ApiError("Volume status must be available")
         if volume_ref['attach_status'] == "attached":
             raise exception.ApiError("Volume is already attached")
         instance_ref = db.instance_get_by_str(context, instance_id)
@@ -339,10 +358,10 @@ class CloudController(object):
         volume_ref = db.volume_get_by_str(context, volume_id)
         instance_ref = db.volume_get_instance(context, volume_ref['id'])
         if not instance_ref:
-            raise exception.Error("Volume isn't attached to anything!")
+            raise exception.ApiError("Volume isn't attached to anything!")
         # TODO(vish): abstract status checking?
         if volume_ref['status'] == "available":
-            raise exception.Error("Volume is already detached")
+            raise exception.ApiError("Volume is already detached")
         try:
             host = instance_ref['host']
             rpc.cast(db.queue_get_for(context, FLAGS.compute_topic, host),
@@ -386,7 +405,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
             instances = db.instance_get_by_reservation(context,
                                                        reservation_id)
         else:
-            if not context.user.is_admin():
+            if context.user.is_admin():
                 instances = db.instance_get_all(context)
             else:
                 instances = db.instance_get_by_project(context,
@@ -461,6 +480,12 @@ class CloudController(object):
     @rbac.allow('netadmin')
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def allocate_address(self, context, **kwargs):
+        # check quota
+        if quota.allowed_floating_ips(context, 1) < 1:
+            logging.warn("Quota exceeeded for %s, tried to allocate address",
+                         context.project.id)
+            raise QuotaError("Address quota exceeded. You cannot "
+                             "allocate any more addresses")
         network_topic = yield self._get_network_topic(context)
         public_ip = yield rpc.call(network_topic,
                          {"method": "allocate_floating_ip",
@@ -520,6 +545,22 @@ class CloudController(object):
     @rbac.allow('projectmanager', 'sysadmin')
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def run_instances(self, context, **kwargs):
+        instance_type = kwargs.get('instance_type', 'm1.small')
+        if instance_type not in INSTANCE_TYPES:
+            raise exception.ApiError("Unknown instance type: %s",
+                                     instance_type)
+        # check quota
+        max_instances = int(kwargs.get('max_count', 1))
+        min_instances = int(kwargs.get('min_count', max_instances))
+        num_instances = quota.allowed_instances(context,
+                                                max_instances,
+                                                instance_type)
+        if num_instances < min_instances:
+            logging.warn("Quota exceeeded for %s, tried to run %s instances",
+                         context.project.id, min_instances)
+            raise QuotaError("Instance quota exceeded. You can only "
+                             "run %s more instances of this type." %
+                             num_instances, "InstanceLimitExceeded")
         # make sure user can access the image
         # vpn image is private so it doesn't show up on lists
         vpn = kwargs['image_id'] == FLAGS.vpn_image_id
@@ -541,7 +582,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
         images.get(context, kernel_id)
         images.get(context, ramdisk_id)
 
-        logging.debug("Going to run instances...")
+        logging.debug("Going to run %s instances...", num_instances)
         launch_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', time.gmtime())
         key_data = None
         if kwargs.has_key('key_name'):
@@ -555,6 +596,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
 
         reservation_id = utils.generate_uid('r')
         base_options = {}
+        base_options['state_description'] = 'scheduling'
         base_options['image_id'] = image_id
         base_options['kernel_id'] = kernel_id
         base_options['ramdisk_id'] = ramdisk_id
@@ -564,10 +606,15 @@ class CloudController(object):
         base_options['user_id'] = context.user.id
         base_options['project_id'] = context.project.id
         base_options['user_data'] = kwargs.get('user_data', '')
-        base_options['instance_type'] = kwargs.get('instance_type', 'm1.small')
         base_options['security_group'] = security_group
+        base_options['instance_type'] = instance_type
+
+        type_data = INSTANCE_TYPES[instance_type]
+        base_options['memory_mb'] = type_data['memory_mb']
+        base_options['vcpus'] = type_data['vcpus']
+        base_options['local_gb'] = type_data['local_gb']
 
-        for num in range(int(kwargs['max_count'])):
+        for num in range(num_instances):
             instance_ref = db.instance_create(context, base_options)
             inst_id = instance_ref['id']
 
@@ -588,11 +635,12 @@ class CloudController(object):
                       "args": {"context": None,
                                "address": address}})
 
-            rpc.cast(FLAGS.compute_topic,
-                 {"method": "run_instance",
-                  "args": {"context": None,
-                           "instance_id": inst_id}})
-            logging.debug("Casting to node for %s/%s's instance %s" %
+            rpc.cast(FLAGS.scheduler_topic,
+                     {"method": "run_instance",
+                      "args": {"context": None,
+                               "topic": FLAGS.compute_topic,
+                               "instance_id": inst_id}})
+            logging.debug("Casting to scheduler for %s/%s's instance %s" %
                       (context.project.name, context.user.name, inst_id))
         defer.returnValue(self._format_run_instances(context,
                                                      reservation_id))
@@ -611,6 +659,10 @@ class CloudController(object):
                                 % id_str)
                 continue
 
+            now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+            db.instance_update(context,
+                               instance_ref['id'],
+                               {'terminated_at': now})
             # FIXME(ja): where should network deallocate occur?
             address = db.instance_get_floating_address(context,
                                                        instance_ref['id'])
@@ -632,7 +684,7 @@ class CloudController(object):
                 # NOTE(vish): Currently, nothing needs to be done on the
                 #             network node until release. If this changes,
                 #             we will need to cast here.
-                self.network.deallocate_fixed_ip(context, address)
+                self.network_manager.deallocate_fixed_ip(context, address)
 
             host = instance_ref['host']
             if host:
@@ -660,6 +712,10 @@ class CloudController(object):
     def delete_volume(self, context, volume_id, **kwargs):
         # TODO: return error if not authorized
         volume_ref = db.volume_get_by_str(context, volume_id)
+        if volume_ref['status'] != "available":
+            raise exception.ApiError("Volume status must be available")
+        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        db.volume_update(context, volume_ref['id'], {'terminated_at': now})
         host = volume_ref['host']
         rpc.cast(db.queue_get_for(context, FLAGS.volume_topic, host),
                             {"method": "delete_volume",
diff --git a/nova/exception.py b/nova/exception.py
index 29bcb17f8..b8894758f 100644
--- a/nova/exception.py
+++ b/nova/exception.py
@@ -26,6 +26,18 @@ import sys
 import traceback
 
 
+class ProcessExecutionError(IOError):
+    def __init__(self, stdout=None, stderr=None, exit_code=None, cmd=None,
+                 description=None):
+        if description is None:
+            description = "Unexpected error while running command."
+        if exit_code is None:
+            exit_code = '-'
+        message = "%s\nCommand: %s\nExit code: %s\nStdout: %r\nStderr: %r" % (
+                  description, cmd, exit_code, stdout, stderr)
+        IOError.__init__(self, message)
+
+
 class Error(Exception):
     def __init__(self, message=None):
         super(Error, self).__init__(message)
diff --git a/nova/flags.py b/nova/flags.py
index 7b0c95a3c..ed0baee65 100644
--- a/nova/flags.py
+++ b/nova/flags.py
@@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ DEFINE_string('connection_type', 'libvirt', 'libvirt, xenapi or fake')
 DEFINE_integer('s3_port', 3333, 's3 port')
 DEFINE_string('s3_host', '127.0.0.1', 's3 host')
 DEFINE_string('compute_topic', 'compute', 'the topic compute nodes listen on')
+DEFINE_string('scheduler_topic', 'scheduler', 'the topic scheduler nodes listen on')
 DEFINE_string('volume_topic', 'volume', 'the topic volume nodes listen on')
 DEFINE_string('network_topic', 'network', 'the topic network nodes listen on')
 
@@ -213,6 +214,8 @@ DEFINE_string('network_manager', 'nova.network.manager.VlanManager',
               'Manager for network')
 DEFINE_string('volume_manager', 'nova.volume.manager.AOEManager',
               'Manager for volume')
+DEFINE_string('scheduler_manager', 'nova.scheduler.manager.SchedulerManager',
+              'Manager for scheduler')
 
 DEFINE_string('host', socket.gethostname(),
               'name of this node')
diff --git a/nova/network/manager.py b/nova/network/manager.py
index 7a3bcfc2f..191c1d364 100644
--- a/nova/network/manager.py
+++ b/nova/network/manager.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class NetworkManager(manager.Manager):
         network_id = network_ref['id']
         host = self.db.network_set_host(context,
                                         network_id,
-                                        FLAGS.host)
+                                        self.host)
         self._on_set_network_host(context, network_id)
         return host
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class NetworkManager(manager.Manager):
         """Gets an floating ip from the pool"""
         # TODO(vish): add floating ips through manage command
         return self.db.floating_ip_allocate_address(context,
-                                                    FLAGS.host,
+                                                    self.host,
                                                     project_id)
 
     def associate_floating_ip(self, context, floating_address, fixed_address):
diff --git a/nova/process.py b/nova/process.py
index 74725c157..b3cad894b 100644
--- a/nova/process.py
+++ b/nova/process.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from twisted.internet import protocol
 from twisted.internet import reactor
 
 from nova import flags
-from nova.utils import ProcessExecutionError
+from nova.exception import ProcessExecutionError
 
 FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 flags.DEFINE_integer('process_pool_size', 4,
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def get_process_output(executable, args=None, env=None, path=None,
     deferred = defer.Deferred()
     cmd = executable
     if args:
-        cmd = cmd + " " + ' '.join(args)
+        cmd = " ".join([cmd] + args)
     logging.debug("Running cmd: %s", cmd)
     process_handler = BackRelayWithInput(
             deferred,
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ def get_process_output(executable, args=None, env=None, path=None,
     executable = str(executable)
     if not args is None:
         args = [str(x) for x in args]
-    process_reactor.spawnProcess(   process_handler, executable,
-                                    (executable,)+tuple(args), env, path)
+    process_reactor.spawnProcess(process_handler, executable,
+                                 (executable,)+tuple(args), env, path)
     return deferred
 
 
diff --git a/nova/quota.py b/nova/quota.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f0e51feeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/quota.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+"""
+Quotas for instances, volumes, and floating ips
+"""
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import exception
+from nova import flags
+from nova.compute import instance_types
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+
+flags.DEFINE_integer('quota_instances', 10,
+                     'number of instances allowed per project')
+flags.DEFINE_integer('quota_cores', 20,
+                     'number of instance cores allowed per project')
+flags.DEFINE_integer('quota_volumes', 10,
+                     'number of volumes allowed per project')
+flags.DEFINE_integer('quota_gigabytes', 1000,
+                     'number of volume gigabytes allowed per project')
+flags.DEFINE_integer('quota_floating_ips', 10,
+                     'number of floating ips allowed per project')
+
+def _get_quota(context, project_id):
+    rval = {'instances': FLAGS.quota_instances,
+            'cores': FLAGS.quota_cores,
+            'volumes': FLAGS.quota_volumes,
+            'gigabytes': FLAGS.quota_gigabytes,
+            'floating_ips': FLAGS.quota_floating_ips}
+    try:
+        quota = db.quota_get(context, project_id)
+        for key in rval.keys():
+            if quota[key] is not None:
+                rval[key] = quota[key]
+    except exception.NotFound:
+        pass
+    return rval
+
+def allowed_instances(context, num_instances, instance_type):
+    """Check quota and return min(num_instances, allowed_instances)"""
+    project_id = context.project.id
+    used_instances, used_cores = db.instance_data_get_for_project(context,
+                                                                  project_id)
+    quota = _get_quota(context, project_id)
+    allowed_instances = quota['instances'] - used_instances
+    allowed_cores = quota['cores'] - used_cores
+    type_cores = instance_types.INSTANCE_TYPES[instance_type]['vcpus']
+    num_cores = num_instances * type_cores
+    allowed_instances = min(allowed_instances,
+                            int(allowed_cores // type_cores))
+    return min(num_instances, allowed_instances)
+
+
+def allowed_volumes(context, num_volumes, size):
+    """Check quota and return min(num_volumes, allowed_volumes)"""
+    project_id = context.project.id
+    used_volumes, used_gigabytes = db.volume_data_get_for_project(context,
+                                                                  project_id)
+    quota = _get_quota(context, project_id)
+    allowed_volumes = quota['volumes'] - used_volumes
+    allowed_gigabytes = quota['gigabytes'] - used_gigabytes
+    num_gigabytes = num_volumes * size
+    allowed_volumes = min(allowed_volumes,
+                          int(allowed_gigabytes // size))
+    return min(num_volumes, allowed_volumes)
+
+
+def allowed_floating_ips(context, num_floating_ips):
+    """Check quota and return min(num_floating_ips, allowed_floating_ips)"""
+    project_id = context.project.id
+    used_floating_ips = db.floating_ip_count_by_project(context, project_id)
+    quota = _get_quota(context, project_id)
+    allowed_floating_ips = quota['floating_ips'] - used_floating_ips
+    return min(num_floating_ips, allowed_floating_ips)
+
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/__init__.py b/nova/scheduler/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8359a7aeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/scheduler/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Openstack, LLC.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+:mod:`nova.scheduler` -- Scheduler Nodes
+=====================================================
+
+.. automodule:: nova.scheduler
+   :platform: Unix
+   :synopsis: Module that picks a compute node to run a VM instance.
+.. moduleauthor:: Chris Behrens <cbehrens@codestud.com>
+"""
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/chance.py b/nova/scheduler/chance.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7fd09b053
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/scheduler/chance.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Openstack, LLC.
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+Chance (Random) Scheduler implementation
+"""
+
+import random
+
+from nova.scheduler import driver
+
+
+class ChanceScheduler(driver.Scheduler):
+    """Implements Scheduler as a random node selector."""
+
+    def schedule(self, context, topic, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        """Picks a host that is up at random."""
+
+        hosts = self.hosts_up(context, topic)
+        if not hosts:
+            raise driver.NoValidHost("No hosts found")
+        return hosts[int(random.random() * len(hosts))]
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/driver.py b/nova/scheduler/driver.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2e6a5a835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/scheduler/driver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Openstack, LLC.
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+Scheduler base class that all Schedulers should inherit from
+"""
+
+import datetime
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import exception
+from nova import flags
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+flags.DEFINE_integer('service_down_time', 60,
+                     'maximum time since last checkin for up service')
+
+class NoValidHost(exception.Error):
+    """There is no valid host for the command."""
+    pass
+
+class Scheduler(object):
+    """The base class that all Scheduler clases should inherit from."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def service_is_up(service):
+        """Check whether a service is up based on last heartbeat."""
+        last_heartbeat = service['updated_at'] or service['created_at']
+        elapsed = datetime.datetime.now() - last_heartbeat
+        return elapsed < datetime.timedelta(seconds=FLAGS.service_down_time)
+
+    def hosts_up(self, context, topic):
+        """Return the list of hosts that have a running service for topic."""
+
+        services = db.service_get_all_by_topic(context, topic)
+        return [service.host
+                for service in services
+                if self.service_is_up(service)]
+
+    def schedule(self, context, topic, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        """Must override at least this method for scheduler to work."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Must implement a fallback schedule")
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/manager.py b/nova/scheduler/manager.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ad7ca86b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/scheduler/manager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Openstack, LLC.
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+Scheduler Service
+"""
+
+import logging
+import functools
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import flags
+from nova import manager
+from nova import rpc
+from nova import utils
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+flags.DEFINE_string('scheduler_driver',
+                    'nova.scheduler.chance.ChanceScheduler',
+                    'Driver to use for the scheduler')
+
+
+class SchedulerManager(manager.Manager):
+    """Chooses a host to run instances on."""
+    def __init__(self, scheduler_driver=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        if not scheduler_driver:
+            scheduler_driver = FLAGS.scheduler_driver
+        self.driver = utils.import_object(scheduler_driver)
+        super(SchedulerManager, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        """Converts all method calls to use the schedule method"""
+        return functools.partial(self._schedule, key)
+
+    def _schedule(self, method, context, topic, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Tries to call schedule_* method on the driver to retrieve host.
+
+        Falls back to schedule(context, topic) if method doesn't exist.
+        """
+        driver_method = 'schedule_%s' % method
+        try:
+            host = getattr(self.driver, driver_method)(context, *args, **kwargs)
+        except AttributeError:
+            host = self.driver.schedule(context, topic, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        kwargs.update({"context": None})
+        rpc.cast(db.queue_get_for(context, topic, host),
+                 {"method": method,
+                  "args": kwargs})
+        logging.debug("Casting to %s %s for %s", topic, host, method)
diff --git a/nova/scheduler/simple.py b/nova/scheduler/simple.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fdaff74d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/scheduler/simple.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Openstack, LLC.
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+"""
+Simple Scheduler
+"""
+
+import datetime
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import flags
+from nova.scheduler import driver
+from nova.scheduler import chance
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+flags.DEFINE_integer("max_cores", 16,
+                     "maximum number of instance cores to allow per host")
+flags.DEFINE_integer("max_gigabytes", 10000,
+                     "maximum number of volume gigabytes to allow per host")
+flags.DEFINE_integer("max_networks", 1000,
+                     "maximum number of networks to allow per host")
+
+class SimpleScheduler(chance.ChanceScheduler):
+    """Implements Naive Scheduler that tries to find least loaded host."""
+
+    def schedule_run_instance(self, context, instance_id, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        """Picks a host that is up and has the fewest running instances."""
+        instance_ref = db.instance_get(context, instance_id)
+        results = db.service_get_all_compute_sorted(context)
+        for result in results:
+            (service, instance_cores) = result
+            if instance_cores + instance_ref['vcpus'] > FLAGS.max_cores:
+                raise driver.NoValidHost("All hosts have too many cores")
+            if self.service_is_up(service):
+                # NOTE(vish): this probably belongs in the manager, if we
+                #             can generalize this somehow
+                now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+                db.instance_update(context,
+                                   instance_id,
+                                   {'host': service['host'],
+                                    'scheduled_at': now})
+                return service['host']
+        raise driver.NoValidHost("No hosts found")
+
+    def schedule_create_volume(self, context, volume_id, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        """Picks a host that is up and has the fewest volumes."""
+        volume_ref = db.volume_get(context, volume_id)
+        results = db.service_get_all_volume_sorted(context)
+        for result in results:
+            (service, volume_gigabytes) = result
+            if volume_gigabytes + volume_ref['size'] > FLAGS.max_gigabytes:
+                raise driver.NoValidHost("All hosts have too many gigabytes")
+            if self.service_is_up(service):
+                # NOTE(vish): this probably belongs in the manager, if we
+                #             can generalize this somehow
+                now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+                db.volume_update(context,
+                                 volume_id,
+                                 {'host': service['host'],
+                                  'scheduled_at': now})
+                return service['host']
+        raise driver.NoValidHost("No hosts found")
+
+    def schedule_set_network_host(self, context, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        """Picks a host that is up and has the fewest networks."""
+
+        results = db.service_get_all_network_sorted(context)
+        for result in results:
+            (service, instance_count) = result
+            if instance_count >= FLAGS.max_networks:
+                raise driver.NoValidHost("All hosts have too many networks")
+            if self.service_is_up(service):
+                return service['host']
+        raise driver.NoValidHost("No hosts found")
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/__init__.py b/nova/tests/api/__init__.py
index 59c4adc3d..4682c094e 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/__init__.py
@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@ class Test(unittest.TestCase):
         result = webob.Request.blank('/test/cloud').get_response(api.API())
         self.assertNotEqual(result.body, "/cloud")
 
-    def test_query_api_version(self):
-        pass
+    def test_query_api_versions(self):
+        result = webob.Request.blank('/').get_response(api.API())
+        self.assertTrue('CURRENT' in result.body)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/nova/tests/api/rackspace/__init__.py b/nova/tests/api/rackspace/__init__.py
index e69de29bb..622cb4335 100644
--- a/nova/tests/api/rackspace/__init__.py
+++ b/nova/tests/api/rackspace/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 OpenStack LLC.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+import unittest
+
+from nova.api.rackspace import RateLimitingMiddleware
+from nova.tests.api.test_helper import *
+from webob import Request
+
+
+class RateLimitingMiddlewareTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_get_action_name(self):
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub())
+        def verify(method, url, action_name):
+            req = Request.blank(url)
+            req.method = method
+            action = middleware.get_action_name(req)
+            self.assertEqual(action, action_name)
+        verify('PUT', '/servers/4', 'PUT')
+        verify('DELETE', '/servers/4', 'DELETE')
+        verify('POST', '/images/4', 'POST')
+        verify('POST', '/servers/4', 'POST servers')
+        verify('GET', '/foo?a=4&changes-since=never&b=5', 'GET changes-since')
+        verify('GET', '/foo?a=4&monkeys-since=never&b=5', None)
+        verify('GET', '/servers/4', None)
+        verify('HEAD', '/servers/4', None)
+
+    def exhaust(self, middleware, method, url, username, times):
+        req = Request.blank(url, dict(REQUEST_METHOD=method),
+                            headers={'X-Auth-User': username})
+        for i in range(times):
+            resp = req.get_response(middleware)
+            self.assertEqual(resp.status_int, 200)
+        resp = req.get_response(middleware)
+        self.assertEqual(resp.status_int, 413)
+        self.assertTrue('Retry-After' in resp.headers)
+
+    def test_single_action(self):
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub())
+        self.exhaust(middleware, 'DELETE', '/servers/4', 'usr1', 100)
+        self.exhaust(middleware, 'DELETE', '/servers/4', 'usr2', 100)
+
+    def test_POST_servers_action_implies_POST_action(self):
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub())
+        self.exhaust(middleware, 'POST', '/servers/4', 'usr1', 10)
+        self.exhaust(middleware, 'POST', '/images/4', 'usr2', 10)
+        self.assertTrue(set(middleware.limiter._levels) == 
+                        set(['usr1:POST', 'usr1:POST servers', 'usr2:POST']))
+
+    def test_POST_servers_action_correctly_ratelimited(self):
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub())
+        # Use up all of our "POST" allowance for the minute, 5 times
+        for i in range(5):
+            self.exhaust(middleware, 'POST', '/servers/4', 'usr1', 10)
+            # Reset the 'POST' action counter.
+            del middleware.limiter._levels['usr1:POST']
+        # All 50 daily "POST servers" actions should be all used up
+        self.exhaust(middleware, 'POST', '/servers/4', 'usr1', 0)
+
+    def test_proxy_ctor_works(self):
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub())
+        self.assertEqual(middleware.limiter.__class__.__name__, "Limiter")
+        middleware = RateLimitingMiddleware(APIStub(), service_host='foobar')
+        self.assertEqual(middleware.limiter.__class__.__name__, "WSGIAppProxy")
diff --git a/nova/tests/compute_unittest.py b/nova/tests/compute_unittest.py
index de2bf3d3b..f5c0f1c09 100644
--- a/nova/tests/compute_unittest.py
+++ b/nova/tests/compute_unittest.py
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class ComputeTestCase(test.TrialTestCase):
     def tearDown(self):  # pylint: disable-msg=C0103
         self.manager.delete_user(self.user)
         self.manager.delete_project(self.project)
+        super(ComputeTestCase, self).tearDown()
 
     def _create_instance(self):
         """Create a test instance"""
@@ -83,21 +84,21 @@ class ComputeTestCase(test.TrialTestCase):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def test_run_terminate_timestamps(self):
-        """Make sure it is possible to  run and terminate instance"""
+        """Make sure timestamps are set for launched and destroyed"""
         instance_id = self._create_instance()
         instance_ref = db.instance_get(self.context, instance_id)
         self.assertEqual(instance_ref['launched_at'], None)
-        self.assertEqual(instance_ref['terminated_at'], None)
+        self.assertEqual(instance_ref['deleted_at'], None)
         launch = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
         yield self.compute.run_instance(self.context, instance_id)
         instance_ref = db.instance_get(self.context, instance_id)
         self.assert_(instance_ref['launched_at'] > launch)
-        self.assertEqual(instance_ref['terminated_at'], None)
+        self.assertEqual(instance_ref['deleted_at'], None)
         terminate = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
         yield self.compute.terminate_instance(self.context, instance_id)
         instance_ref = db.instance_get({'deleted': True}, instance_id)
         self.assert_(instance_ref['launched_at'] < terminate)
-        self.assert_(instance_ref['terminated_at'] > terminate)
+        self.assert_(instance_ref['deleted_at'] > terminate)
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def test_reboot(self):
diff --git a/nova/tests/quota_unittest.py b/nova/tests/quota_unittest.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cab9f663d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/tests/quota_unittest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+import logging
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import exception
+from nova import flags
+from nova import quota
+from nova import test
+from nova import utils
+from nova.auth import manager
+from nova.endpoint import cloud
+from nova.endpoint import api
+
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+
+
+class QuotaTestCase(test.TrialTestCase):
+    def setUp(self):  # pylint: disable-msg=C0103
+        logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+        super(QuotaTestCase, self).setUp()
+        self.flags(connection_type='fake',
+                   quota_instances=2,
+                   quota_cores=4,
+                   quota_volumes=2,
+                   quota_gigabytes=20,
+                   quota_floating_ips=1)
+
+        self.cloud = cloud.CloudController()
+        self.manager = manager.AuthManager()
+        self.user = self.manager.create_user('admin', 'admin', 'admin', True)
+        self.project = self.manager.create_project('admin', 'admin', 'admin')
+        self.network = utils.import_object(FLAGS.network_manager)
+        self.context = api.APIRequestContext(handler=None,
+                                             project=self.project,
+                                             user=self.user)
+
+    def tearDown(self):  # pylint: disable-msg=C0103
+        manager.AuthManager().delete_project(self.project)
+        manager.AuthManager().delete_user(self.user)
+        super(QuotaTestCase, self).tearDown()
+
+    def _create_instance(self, cores=2):
+        """Create a test instance"""
+        inst = {}
+        inst['image_id'] = 'ami-test'
+        inst['reservation_id'] = 'r-fakeres'
+        inst['user_id'] = self.user.id
+        inst['project_id'] = self.project.id
+        inst['instance_type'] = 'm1.large'
+        inst['vcpus'] = cores
+        inst['mac_address'] = utils.generate_mac()
+        return db.instance_create(self.context, inst)['id']
+
+    def _create_volume(self, size=10):
+        """Create a test volume"""
+        vol = {}
+        vol['user_id'] = self.user.id
+        vol['project_id'] = self.project.id
+        vol['size'] = size
+        return db.volume_create(self.context, vol)['id']
+
+    def test_quota_overrides(self):
+        """Make sure overriding a projects quotas works"""
+        num_instances = quota.allowed_instances(self.context, 100, 'm1.small')
+        self.assertEqual(num_instances, 2)
+        db.quota_create(self.context, {'project_id': self.project.id,
+                                       'instances': 10})
+        num_instances = quota.allowed_instances(self.context, 100, 'm1.small')
+        self.assertEqual(num_instances, 4)
+        db.quota_update(self.context, self.project.id, {'cores': 100})
+        num_instances = quota.allowed_instances(self.context, 100, 'm1.small')
+        self.assertEqual(num_instances, 10)
+        db.quota_destroy(self.context, self.project.id)
+
+    def test_too_many_instances(self):
+        instance_ids = []
+        for i in range(FLAGS.quota_instances):
+            instance_id = self._create_instance()
+            instance_ids.append(instance_id)
+        self.assertFailure(self.cloud.run_instances(self.context,
+                                                    min_count=1,
+                                                    max_count=1,
+                                                    instance_type='m1.small'),
+                           cloud.QuotaError)
+        for instance_id in instance_ids:
+            db.instance_destroy(self.context, instance_id)
+
+    def test_too_many_cores(self):
+        instance_ids = []
+        instance_id = self._create_instance(cores=4)
+        instance_ids.append(instance_id)
+        self.assertFailure(self.cloud.run_instances(self.context,
+                                                    min_count=1,
+                                                    max_count=1,
+                                                    instance_type='m1.small'),
+                           cloud.QuotaError)
+        for instance_id in instance_ids:
+            db.instance_destroy(self.context, instance_id)
+
+    def test_too_many_volumes(self):
+        volume_ids = []
+        for i in range(FLAGS.quota_volumes):
+            volume_id = self._create_volume()
+            volume_ids.append(volume_id)
+        self.assertRaises(cloud.QuotaError,
+                          self.cloud.create_volume,
+                          self.context,
+                          size=10)
+        for volume_id in volume_ids:
+            db.volume_destroy(self.context, volume_id)
+
+    def test_too_many_gigabytes(self):
+        volume_ids = []
+        volume_id = self._create_volume(size=20)
+        volume_ids.append(volume_id)
+        self.assertRaises(cloud.QuotaError,
+                          self.cloud.create_volume,
+                          self.context,
+                          size=10)
+        for volume_id in volume_ids:
+            db.volume_destroy(self.context, volume_id)
+
+    def test_too_many_addresses(self):
+        address = '192.168.0.100'
+        try:
+            db.floating_ip_get_by_address(None, address)
+        except exception.NotFound:
+            db.floating_ip_create(None, {'address': address,
+                                         'host': FLAGS.host})
+        float_addr = self.network.allocate_floating_ip(self.context,
+                                                       self.project.id)
+        # NOTE(vish): This assert never fails. When cloud attempts to
+        #             make an rpc.call, the test just finishes with OK. It
+        #             appears to be something in the magic inline callbacks
+        #             that is breaking.
+        self.assertFailure(self.cloud.allocate_address(self.context),
+                           cloud.QuotaError)
diff --git a/nova/tests/scheduler_unittest.py b/nova/tests/scheduler_unittest.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fde30f81e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nova/tests/scheduler_unittest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
+
+# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
+# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+"""
+Tests For Scheduler
+"""
+
+from nova import db
+from nova import flags
+from nova import service
+from nova import test
+from nova import rpc
+from nova import utils
+from nova.auth import manager as auth_manager
+from nova.scheduler import manager
+from nova.scheduler import driver
+
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+flags.DECLARE('max_cores', 'nova.scheduler.simple')
+
+class TestDriver(driver.Scheduler):
+    """Scheduler Driver for Tests"""
+    def schedule(context, topic, *args, **kwargs):
+        return 'fallback_host'
+
+    def schedule_named_method(context, topic, num):
+        return 'named_host'
+
+class SchedulerTestCase(test.TrialTestCase):
+    """Test case for scheduler"""
+    def setUp(self):  # pylint: disable=C0103
+        super(SchedulerTestCase, self).setUp()
+        self.flags(scheduler_driver='nova.tests.scheduler_unittest.TestDriver')
+
+    def test_fallback(self):
+        scheduler = manager.SchedulerManager()
+        self.mox.StubOutWithMock(rpc, 'cast', use_mock_anything=True)
+        rpc.cast('topic.fallback_host',
+                 {'method': 'noexist',
+                  'args': {'context': None,
+                           'num': 7}})
+        self.mox.ReplayAll()
+        scheduler.noexist(None, 'topic', num=7)
+
+    def test_named_method(self):
+        scheduler = manager.SchedulerManager()
+        self.mox.StubOutWithMock(rpc, 'cast', use_mock_anything=True)
+        rpc.cast('topic.named_host',
+                 {'method': 'named_method',
+                  'args': {'context': None,
+                           'num': 7}})
+        self.mox.ReplayAll()
+        scheduler.named_method(None, 'topic', num=7)
+
+
+class SimpleDriverTestCase(test.TrialTestCase):
+    """Test case for simple driver"""
+    def setUp(self):  # pylint: disable-msg=C0103
+        super(SimpleDriverTestCase, self).setUp()
+        self.flags(connection_type='fake',
+                   max_cores=4,
+                   max_gigabytes=4,
+                   volume_driver='nova.volume.driver.FakeAOEDriver',
+                   scheduler_driver='nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler')
+        self.scheduler = manager.SchedulerManager()
+        self.context = None
+        self.manager = auth_manager.AuthManager()
+        self.user = self.manager.create_user('fake', 'fake', 'fake')
+        self.project = self.manager.create_project('fake', 'fake', 'fake')
+        self.context = None
+
+    def tearDown(self):  # pylint: disable-msg=C0103
+        self.manager.delete_user(self.user)
+        self.manager.delete_project(self.project)
+
+    def _create_instance(self):
+        """Create a test instance"""
+        inst = {}
+        inst['image_id'] = 'ami-test'
+        inst['reservation_id'] = 'r-fakeres'
+        inst['user_id'] = self.user.id
+        inst['project_id'] = self.project.id
+        inst['instance_type'] = 'm1.tiny'
+        inst['mac_address'] = utils.generate_mac()
+        inst['ami_launch_index'] = 0
+        inst['vcpus'] = 1
+        return db.instance_create(self.context, inst)['id']
+
+    def _create_volume(self):
+        """Create a test volume"""
+        vol = {}
+        vol['image_id'] = 'ami-test'
+        vol['reservation_id'] = 'r-fakeres'
+        vol['size'] = 1
+        return db.volume_create(self.context, vol)['id']
+
+    def test_hosts_are_up(self):
+        """Ensures driver can find the hosts that are up"""
+        # NOTE(vish): constructing service without create method
+        #             because we are going to use it without queue
+        compute1 = service.Service('host1',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        compute2 = service.Service('host2',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        hosts = self.scheduler.driver.hosts_up(self.context, 'compute')
+        self.assertEqual(len(hosts), 2)
+        compute1.kill()
+        compute2.kill()
+
+    def test_least_busy_host_gets_instance(self):
+        """Ensures the host with less cores gets the next one"""
+        compute1 = service.Service('host1',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        compute2 = service.Service('host2',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        instance_id1 = self._create_instance()
+        compute1.run_instance(self.context, instance_id1)
+        instance_id2 = self._create_instance()
+        host = self.scheduler.driver.schedule_run_instance(self.context,
+                                                           instance_id2)
+        self.assertEqual(host, 'host2')
+        compute1.terminate_instance(self.context, instance_id1)
+        db.instance_destroy(self.context, instance_id2)
+        compute1.kill()
+        compute2.kill()
+
+    def test_too_many_cores(self):
+        """Ensures we don't go over max cores"""
+        compute1 = service.Service('host1',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        compute2 = service.Service('host2',
+                                   'nova-compute',
+                                   'compute',
+                                   FLAGS.compute_manager)
+        instance_ids1 = []
+        instance_ids2 = []
+        for index in xrange(FLAGS.max_cores):
+            instance_id = self._create_instance()
+            compute1.run_instance(self.context, instance_id)
+            instance_ids1.append(instance_id)
+            instance_id = self._create_instance()
+            compute2.run_instance(self.context, instance_id)
+            instance_ids2.append(instance_id)
+        instance_id = self._create_instance()
+        self.assertRaises(driver.NoValidHost,
+                          self.scheduler.driver.schedule_run_instance,
+                          self.context,
+                          instance_id)
+        for instance_id in instance_ids1:
+            compute1.terminate_instance(self.context, instance_id)
+        for instance_id in instance_ids2:
+            compute2.terminate_instance(self.context, instance_id)
+        compute1.kill()
+        compute2.kill()
+
+    def test_least_busy_host_gets_volume(self):
+        """Ensures the host with less gigabytes gets the next one"""
+        volume1 = service.Service('host1',
+                                   'nova-volume',
+                                   'volume',
+                                   FLAGS.volume_manager)
+        volume2 = service.Service('host2',
+                                   'nova-volume',
+                                   'volume',
+                                   FLAGS.volume_manager)
+        volume_id1 = self._create_volume()
+        volume1.create_volume(self.context, volume_id1)
+        volume_id2 = self._create_volume()
+        host = self.scheduler.driver.schedule_create_volume(self.context,
+                                                            volume_id2)
+        self.assertEqual(host, 'host2')
+        volume1.delete_volume(self.context, volume_id1)
+        db.volume_destroy(self.context, volume_id2)
+        volume1.kill()
+        volume2.kill()
+
+    def test_too_many_gigabytes(self):
+        """Ensures we don't go over max gigabytes"""
+        volume1 = service.Service('host1',
+                                   'nova-volume',
+                                   'volume',
+                                   FLAGS.volume_manager)
+        volume2 = service.Service('host2',
+                                   'nova-volume',
+                                   'volume',
+                                   FLAGS.volume_manager)
+        volume_ids1 = []
+        volume_ids2 = []
+        for index in xrange(FLAGS.max_gigabytes):
+            volume_id = self._create_volume()
+            volume1.create_volume(self.context, volume_id)
+            volume_ids1.append(volume_id)
+            volume_id = self._create_volume()
+            volume2.create_volume(self.context, volume_id)
+            volume_ids2.append(volume_id)
+        volume_id = self._create_volume()
+        self.assertRaises(driver.NoValidHost,
+                          self.scheduler.driver.schedule_create_volume,
+                          self.context,
+                          volume_id)
+        for volume_id in volume_ids1:
+            volume1.delete_volume(self.context, volume_id)
+        for volume_id in volume_ids2:
+            volume2.delete_volume(self.context, volume_id)
+        volume1.kill()
+        volume2.kill()
diff --git a/nova/utils.py b/nova/utils.py
index 011a5cb09..d18dd9843 100644
--- a/nova/utils.py
+++ b/nova/utils.py
@@ -33,22 +33,12 @@ from twisted.internet.threads import deferToThread
 
 from nova import exception
 from nova import flags
+from nova.exception import ProcessExecutionError
 
 
 FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 TIME_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"
 
-class ProcessExecutionError(IOError):
-    def __init__(   self, stdout=None, stderr=None, exit_code=None, cmd=None,
-                    description=None):
-        if description is None:
-            description = "Unexpected error while running command."
-        if exit_code is None:
-            exit_code = '-'
-        message = "%s\nCommand: %s\nExit code: %s\nStdout: %r\nStderr: %r" % (
-                  description, cmd, exit_code, stdout, stderr)
-        IOError.__init__(self, message)
-
 def import_class(import_str):
     """Returns a class from a string including module and class"""
     mod_str, _sep, class_str = import_str.rpartition('.')
@@ -129,8 +119,10 @@ def runthis(prompt, cmd, check_exit_code = True):
     exit_code = subprocess.call(cmd.split(" "))
     logging.debug(prompt % (exit_code))
     if check_exit_code and exit_code <> 0:
-        raise Exception(    "Unexpected exit code: %s from cmd: %s"
-                            % (exit_code, cmd))
+        raise ProcessExecutionError(exit_code=exit_code,
+                                    stdout=None,
+                                    stderr=None,
+                                    cmd=cmd)
 
 
 def generate_uid(topic, size=8):
diff --git a/nova/volume/manager.py b/nova/volume/manager.py
index 174c036d6..034763512 100644
--- a/nova/volume/manager.py
+++ b/nova/volume/manager.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ destroying persistent storage volumes, ala EBS.
 """
 
 import logging
+import datetime
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ class AOEManager(manager.Manager):
 
         self.db.volume_update(context,
                               volume_id,
-                              {'host': FLAGS.host})
+                              {'host': self.host})
 
         size = volume_ref['size']
         logging.debug("volume %s: creating lv of size %sG", volume_id, size)
@@ -89,14 +90,13 @@ class AOEManager(manager.Manager):
         yield self.driver.create_export(volume_ref['str_id'],
                                         shelf_id,
                                         blade_id)
-        # TODO(joshua): We need to trigger a fanout message
-        #               for aoe-discover on all the nodes
-
-        self.db.volume_update(context, volume_id, {'status': 'available'})
 
         logging.debug("volume %s: re-exporting all values", volume_id)
         yield self.driver.ensure_exports()
 
+        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        self.db.volume_update(context, volume_id, {'status': 'available',
+                                                   'launched_at': now})
         logging.debug("volume %s: created successfully", volume_id)
         defer.returnValue(volume_id)
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class AOEManager(manager.Manager):
         volume_ref = self.db.volume_get(context, volume_id)
         if volume_ref['attach_status'] == "attached":
             raise exception.Error("Volume is still attached")
-        if volume_ref['host'] != FLAGS.host:
+        if volume_ref['host'] != self.host:
             raise exception.Error("Volume is not local to this node")
         shelf_id, blade_id = self.db.volume_get_shelf_and_blade(context,
                                                                 volume_id)
diff --git a/run_tests.py b/run_tests.py
index d5dc5f934..4121f4c06 100644
--- a/run_tests.py
+++ b/run_tests.py
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ from nova.tests.flags_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.network_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.objectstore_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.process_unittest import *
+from nova.tests.quota_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.rpc_unittest import *
+from nova.tests.scheduler_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.service_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.validator_unittest import *
 from nova.tests.volume_unittest import *
diff --git a/tools/install_venv.py b/tools/install_venv.py
index 5d2369a96..32c372352 100644
--- a/tools/install_venv.py
+++ b/tools/install_venv.py
@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ def create_virtualenv(venv=VENV):
 
 def install_dependencies(venv=VENV):
   print 'Installing dependencies with pip (this can take a while)...'
+  # Install greenlet by hand - just listing it in the requires file does not
+  # get it in stalled in the right order
+  run_command(['tools/with_venv.sh', 'pip', 'install', '-E', venv, 'greenlet'],
+              redirect_output=False)
   run_command(['tools/with_venv.sh', 'pip', 'install', '-E', venv, '-r', PIP_REQUIRES],
               redirect_output=False)
   run_command(['tools/with_venv.sh', 'pip', 'install', '-E', venv, TWISTED_NOVA],
diff --git a/tools/pip-requires b/tools/pip-requires
index dd69708ce..1e2707be7 100644
--- a/tools/pip-requires
+++ b/tools/pip-requires
@@ -7,15 +7,16 @@ amqplib==0.6.1
 anyjson==0.2.4
 boto==2.0b1
 carrot==0.10.5
-eventlet==0.9.10
+eventlet==0.9.12
 lockfile==0.8
 python-daemon==1.5.5
 python-gflags==1.3
 redis==2.0.0
 routes==1.12.3
 tornado==1.0
-webob==0.9.8
+WebOb==0.9.8
 wsgiref==0.1.2
 zope.interface==3.6.1
 mox==0.5.0
 -f http://pymox.googlecode.com/files/mox-0.5.0.tar.gz
+greenlet==0.3.1