net 8 Samba System Administration tools 3.2 net Tool for administration of Samba and remote CIFS servers. net <ads|rap|rpc> -h -w workgroup -W myworkgroup -U user -I ip-address -p port -n myname -s conffile -S server -l -P -d debuglevel -V --request-timeout seconds This tool is part of the samba 7 suite. The Samba net utility is meant to work just like the net utility available for windows and DOS. The first argument should be used to specify the protocol to use when executing a certain command. ADS is used for ActiveDirectory, RAP is using for old (Win9x/NT3) clients and RPC can be used for NT4 and Windows 2000. If this argument is omitted, net will try to determine it automatically. Not all commands are available on all protocols. &stdarg.help; -w target-workgroup Sets target workgroup or domain. You have to specify either this option or the IP address or the name of a server. -W workgroup Sets client workgroup or domain -U user User name to use -I ip-address IP address of target server to use. You have to specify either this option or a target workgroup or a target server. -p port Port on the target server to connect to (usually 139 or 445). Defaults to trying 445 first, then 139. &stdarg.netbios.name; &stdarg.configfile; -S server Name of target server. You should specify either this option or a target workgroup or a target IP address. -l When listing data, give more information on each item. -P Make queries to the external server using the machine account of the local server. --request-timeout 30 Let client requests timeout after 30 seconds the default is 10 seconds. &stdarg.server.debug; This command allows the Samba machine account password to be set from an external application to a machine account password that has already been stored in Active Directory. DO NOT USE this command unless you know exactly what you are doing. The use of this command requires that the force flag (-f) be used also. There will be NO command prompt. Whatever information is piped into stdin, either by typing at the command line or otherwise, will be stored as the literal machine password. Do NOT use this without care and attention as it will overwrite a legitimate machine password without warning. YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED. The NET TIME command allows you to view the time on a remote server or synchronise the time on the local server with the time on the remote server. Without any options, the NET TIME command displays the time on the remote server. Displays the time on the remote server in a format ready for /bin/date. Tries to set the date and time of the local server to that on the remote server using /bin/date. Displays the timezone in hours from GMT on the remote computer. Join a domain. If the account already exists on the server, and [TYPE] is MEMBER, the machine will attempt to join automatically. (Assuming that the machine has been created in server manager) Otherwise, a password will be prompted for, and a new account may be created. [TYPE] may be PDC, BDC or MEMBER to specify the type of server joining the domain. [UPN] (ADS only) set the principalname attribute during the join. The default format is host/netbiosname@REALM. [OU] (ADS only) Precreate the computer account in a specific OU. The OU string reads from top to bottom without RDNs, and is delimited by a '/'. Please note that '\' is used for escape by both the shell and ldap, so it may need to be doubled or quadrupled to pass through, and it is not used as a delimiter. Join a domain. Use the OLDJOIN option to join the domain using the old style of domain joining - you need to create a trust account in server manager first. List all users Delete specified user List the domain groups of the specified user. Rename specified user. Add specified user. List user groups. Delete specified group. Create specified group. Enumerates all exported resources (network shares) on target server. Adds a share from a server (makes the export active). Maxusers specifies the number of users that can be connected to the share simultaneously. Delete specified share. List all open files on remote server. Close file with specified fileid on remote server. Print information on specified fileid. Currently listed are: file-id, username, locks, path, permissions. List files opened by specified user. Please note that net rap file user does not work against Samba servers. Without any other options, SESSION enumerates all active SMB/CIFS sessions on the target server. Close the specified sessions. Give a list with all the open files in specified session. List all servers in specified domain or workgroup. Defaults to local domain. Lists all domains and workgroups visible on the current network. Lists the specified print queue and print jobs on the server. If the QUEUE_NAME is omitted, all queues are listed. Delete job with specified id. Validate whether the specified user can log in to the remote server. If the password is not specified on the commandline, it will be prompted. ¬.implemented; List all members of the specified group. Delete member from group. Add member to group. Execute the specified command on the remote server. Only works with OS/2 servers. ¬.implemented; Start the specified service on the remote server. Not implemented yet. ¬.implemented; Stop the specified service on the remote server. ¬.implemented; Change password of USER from OLDPASS to NEWPASS. Lookup the IP address of the given host with the specified type (netbios suffix). The type defaults to 0x20 (workstation). Give IP address of LDAP server of specified DOMAIN. Defaults to local domain. Give IP address of KDC for the specified REALM. Defaults to local realm. Give IP's of Domain Controllers for specified DOMAIN. Defaults to local domain. Give IP of master browser for specified DOMAIN or workgroup. Defaults to local domain. Samba uses a general caching interface called 'gencache'. It can be controlled using 'NET CACHE'. All the timeout parameters support the suffixes: s - Seconds m - Minutes h - Hours d - Days w - Weeks Add specified key+data to the cache with the given timeout. Delete key from the cache. Update data of existing cache entry. Search for the specified pattern in the cache data. List all current items in the cache. Remove all the current items from the cache. Prints the SID of the specified domain, or if the parameter is omitted, the SID of the local server. Sets SID for the local server to the specified SID. Prints the local machine SID and the SID of the current domain. Sets the SID of the current domain. Manage the mappings between Windows group SIDs and UNIX groups. Common options include: unixgroup - Name of the UNIX group ntgroup - Name of the Windows NT group (must be resolvable to a SID rid - Unsigned 32-bit integer sid - Full SID in the form of "S-1-..." type - Type of the group; either 'domain', 'local', or 'builtin' comment - Freeform text description of the group Add a new group mapping entry: net groupmap add {rid=int|sid=string} unixgroup=string \ [type={domain|local}] [ntgroup=string] [comment=string] Delete a group mapping entry. If more than one group name matches, the first entry found is deleted. net groupmap delete {ntgroup=string|sid=SID} Update en existing group entry. net groupmap modify {ntgroup=string|sid=SID} [unixgroup=string] \ [comment=string] [type={domain|local}] List existing group mapping entries. net groupmap list [verbose] [ntgroup=string] [sid=SID] Prints out the highest RID currently in use on the local server (by the active 'passdb backend'). Print information about the domain of the remote server, such as domain name, domain sid and number of users and groups. Check whether participation in a domain is still valid. Force change of domain trust password. Add a interdomain trust account for DOMAIN. This is in fact a Samba account named DOMAIN$ with the account flag 'I' (interdomain trust account). If the command is used against localhost it has the same effect as smbpasswd -a -i DOMAIN. Please note that both commands expect a appropriate UNIX account. Remove interdomain trust account for DOMAIN. If it is used against localhost it has the same effect as smbpasswd -x DOMAIN$. Establish a trust relationship to a trusting domain. Interdomain account must already be created on the remote PDC. Abandon relationship to trusted domain List all current interdomain trust relationships. This subcommand is used to view and manage Samba's rights assignments (also referred to as privileges). There are three options currently available: list, grant, and revoke. More details on Samba's privilege model and its use can be found in the Samba-HOWTO-Collection. Abort the shutdown of a remote server. Shut down the remote server. -r Reboot after shutdown. -f Force shutting down all applications. -t timeout Timeout before system will be shut down. An interactive user of the system can use this time to cancel the shutdown. '> -C message Display the specified message on the screen to announce the shutdown. Print out sam database of remote server. You need to run this against the PDC, from a Samba machine joined as a BDC. Export users, aliases and groups from remote server to local server. You need to run this against the PDC, from a Samba machine joined as a BDC. Fetch domain SID and store it in the local secrets.tdb. Make the remote host leave the domain it is part of. Print out status of machine account of the local machine in ADS. Prints out quite some debug info. Aimed at developers, regular users should use NET ADS TESTJOIN. Lookup info for PRINTER on SERVER. The printer name defaults to "*", the server name defaults to the local host. Publish specified printer using ADS. Remove specified printer from ADS directory. Perform a raw LDAP search on a ADS server and dump the results. The expression is a standard LDAP search expression, and the attributes are a list of LDAP fields to show in the results. Example: net ads search '(objectCategory=group)' sAMAccountName Perform a raw LDAP search on a ADS server and dump the results. The DN standard LDAP DN, and the attributes are a list of LDAP fields to show in the result. Example: net ads dn 'CN=administrator,CN=Users,DC=my,DC=domain' SAMAccountName Print out workgroup name for specified kerberos realm. (Re)Create a BUILTIN group. Only a wellknown set of BUILTIN groups can be created with this command. This is the list of currently recognized group names: Administrators, Users, Guests, Power Users, Account Operators, Server Operators, Print Operators, Backup Operators, Replicator, RAS Servers, Pre-Windows 2000 compatible Access. This command requires a running Winbindd with idmap allocation properly configured. The group gid will be allocated out of the winbindd range. Create a LOCAL group (also known as Alias). This command requires a running Winbindd with idmap allocation properly configured. The group gid will be allocated out of the winbindd range. Delete an existing LOCAL group (also known as Alias). Map an existing Unix group and make it a Domain Group, the domain group will have the same name. Remove an existing group mapping entry. Add a member to a Local group. The group can be specified only by name, the member can be specified by name or SID. Remove a member from a Local group. The group and the member must be specified by name. List Local group members. The group must be specified by name. List the specified set of accounts by name. If verbose is specified, the rid and description is also provided for each account. List all available privileges. Grant a certain privilege to a user. Revoke a certain privilege from a user. Show the full DOMAIN\\NAME the SID and the type for the corresponding account. Set the home directory for a user account. Set the profile path for a user account. Set the comment for a user or group account. Set the full name for a user account. Set the logon script for a user account. Set the home drive for a user account. Set the workstations a user account is allowed to log in from. Set the "disabled" flag for a user account. Set the "password not required" flag for a user account. Set the "autolock" flag for a user account. Set the "password do not expire" flag for a user account. Set or unset the "password must change" flag for a user account. List the available account policies. Show the account policy value. Set a value for the account policy. Valid values can be: "forever", "never", "off", or a number. Only available if ldapsam:editposix is set and winbindd is running. Properly populates the ldap tree with the basic accounts (Administrator) and groups (Domain Users, Domain Admins, Domain Guests) on the ldap tree. Dumps the mappings contained in the local tdb file specified. This command is useful to dump only the mappings produced by the idmap_tdb backend. Restore the mappings from the specified file or stdin. Store a secret for the specified domain, used primarily for domains that use idmap_ldap as a backend. In this case the secret is used as the password for the user DN used to bind to the ldap server. Starting with version 3.0.23, a Samba server now supports the ability for non-root users to add user defined shares to be exported using the "net usershare" commands. To set this up, first set up your smb.conf by adding to the [global] section: usershare path = /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares Next create the directory /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares, change the owner to root and set the group owner to the UNIX group who should have the ability to create usershares, for example a group called "serverops". Set the permissions on /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares to 01770. (Owner and group all access, no access for others, plus the sticky bit, which means that a file in that directory can be renamed or deleted only by the owner of the file). Finally, tell smbd how many usershares you will allow by adding to the [global] section of smb.conf a line such as : usershare max shares = 100. To allow 100 usershare definitions. Now, members of the UNIX group "serverops" can create user defined shares on demand using the commands below. The usershare commands are: net usershare add sharename path [comment] [acl] [guest_ok=[y|n]] - to add or change a user defined share. net usershare delete sharename - to delete a user defined share. net usershare info [-l|--long] [wildcard sharename] - to print info about a user defined share. net usershare list [-l|--long] [wildcard sharename] - to list user defined shares. Add or replace a new user defined share, with name "sharename". "path" specifies the absolute pathname on the system to be exported. Restrictions may be put on this, see the global smb.conf parameters: "usershare owner only", "usershare prefix allow list", and "usershare prefix deny list". The optional "comment" parameter is the comment that will appear on the share when browsed to by a client. The optional "acl" field specifies which users have read and write access to the entire share. Note that guest connections are not allowed unless the smb.conf parameter "usershare allow guests" has been set. The definition of a user defined share acl is: "user:permission", where user is a valid username on the system and permission can be "F", "R", or "D". "F" stands for "full permissions", ie. read and write permissions. "D" stands for "deny" for a user, ie. prevent this user from accessing this share. "R" stands for "read only", ie. only allow read access to this share (no creation of new files or directories or writing to files). The default if no "acl" is given is "Everyone:R", which means any authenticated user has read-only access. The optional "guest_ok" has the same effect as the parameter of the same name in smb.conf, in that it allows guest access to this user defined share. This parameter is only allowed if the global parameter "usershare allow guests" has been set to true in the smb.conf. There is no separate command to modify an existing user defined share, just use the "net usershare add [sharename]" command using the same sharename as the one you wish to modify and specify the new options you wish. The Samba smbd daemon notices user defined share modifications at connect time so will see the change immediately, there is no need to restart smbd on adding, deleting or changing a user defined share. Deletes the user defined share by name. The Samba smbd daemon immediately notices this change, although it will not disconnect any users currently connected to the deleted share. Get info on user defined shares owned by the current user matching the given pattern, or all users. net usershare info on its own dumps out info on the user defined shares that were created by the current user, or restricts them to share names that match the given wildcard pattern ('*' matches one or more characters, '?' matches only one character). If the '-l' or '--long' option is also given, it prints out info on user defined shares created by other users. The information given about a share looks like: [foobar] path=/home/jeremy comment=testme usershare_acl=Everyone:F guest_ok=n And is a list of the current settings of the user defined share that can be modified by the "net usershare add" command. List all the user defined shares owned by the current user matching the given pattern, or all users. net usershare list on its own list out the names of the user defined shares that were created by the current user, or restricts the list to share names that match the given wildcard pattern ('*' matches one or more characters, '?' matches only one character). If the '-l' or '--long' option is also given, it includes the names of user defined shares created by other users. Starting with version 3.2.0, a Samba server can be configured by data stored in registry. This configuration data can be edited with the new "net conf" commands. The deployment of this configuration data can be activated in two levels from the smb.conf file: Share definitions from registry are activated by setting registry shares to yes in the [global] section and global configuration options are activated by setting registry in the [global] section for a mixed configuration or by setting registry in the [global] section for a registry-only configuration. See the smb.conf 5 manpage for details. The conf commands are: net conf list - Dump the complete configuration in smb.conf like format. net conf import - Import configuration from file in smb.conf format. net conf listshares - List the registry shares. net conf drop - Delete the complete configuration from registry. net conf showshare - Show the definition of a registry share. net conf addshare - Create a new registry share. net conf delshare - Delete a registry share. net conf setparm - Store a parameter. net conf getparm - Retrieve the value of a parameter. net conf delparm - Delete a parameter. net conf getincludes - Show the includes of a share definition. net conf setincludes - Set includes for a share. net conf delincludes - Delete includes from a share definition. Print the configuration data stored in the registry in a smb.conf-like format to standard output. This command imports configuration from a file in smb.conf format. If a section encountered in the input file is present in registry, its contents is replaced. Sections of registry configuration that have no counterpart in the input file are not affected. If you want to delete these, you will have to use the "net conf drop" or "net conf delshare" commands. Optionally, a section may be specified to restrict the effect of the import command to that specific section. A test mode is enabled by specifying the parameter "-T" on the commandline. In test mode, no changes are made to the registry, and the resulting configuration is printed to standard output instead. List the names of the shares defined in registry. Delete the complete configuration data from registry. Show the definition of the share or section specified. It is valid to specify "global" as sharename to retrieve the global configuration options from registry. Create a new share definition in registry. The sharename and path have to be given. The share name may not be "global". Optionally, values for the very common options "writeable", "guest ok" and a "comment" may be specified. The same result may be obtained by a sequence of "net conf setparm" commands. Delete a share definition from registry. Store a parameter in registry. The section may be global or a sharename. The section is created if it does not exist yet. Show a parameter stored in registry. Delete a parameter stored in registry. Get the list of includes for the provided section (global or share). Note that due to the nature of the registry database and the nature of include directives, the includes need special treatment: Parameters are stored in registry by the parameter name as valuename, so there is only ever one instance of a parameter per share. Also, a specific order like in a text file is not guaranteed. For all real parameters, this is perfectly ok, but the include directive is rather a meta parameter, for which, in the smb.conf text file, the place where it is specified between the other parameters is very important. This can not be achieved by the simple registry smbconf data model, so there is one ordered list of includes per share, and this list is evaluated after all the parameters of the share. Further note that currently, only files can be included from registry configuration. In the future, there will be the ability to include configuration data from other registry keys. Set the list of includes for the provided section (global or share) to the given list of one or more filenames. The filenames may contain the usual smb.conf macros like %I. Delete the list of includes from the provided section (global or share). Starting with version 3.2.0 Samba has support for remote join and unjoin APIs, both client and server-side. Windows supports remote join capabilities since Windows 2000. In order for Samba to be joined or unjoined remotely an account must be used that is either member of the Domain Admins group, a member of the local Administrators group or a user that is granted the SeMachineAccountPrivilege privilege. The client side support for remote join is implemented in the net dom commands which are: net dom join - Join a remote computer into a domain. net dom unjoin - Unjoin a remote computer from a domain. Joins a computer into a domain. This command supports the following additional parameters: DOMAIN can be a NetBIOS domain name (also known as short domain name) or a DNS domain name for Active Directory Domains. As in Windows, it is also possible to control which Domain Controller to use. This can be achieved by appending the DC name using the \ separator character. Example: MYDOM\MYDC. The DOMAIN parameter cannot be NULL. OU can be set to a RFC 1779 LDAP DN, like ou=mymachines,cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com in order to create the machine account in a non-default LDAP containter. This optional parameter is only supported when joining Active Directory Domains. ACCOUNT defines a domain account that will be used to join the machine to the domain. This domain account needs to have sufficient privileges to join machines. PASSWORD defines the password for the domain account defined with ACCOUNT. REBOOT is an optional parameter that can be set to reboot the remote machine after successful join to the domain. Note that you also need to use standard net paramters to connect and authenticate to the remote machine that you want to join. These additional parameters include: -S computer and -U user. Example: net dom join -S xp -U XP\\administrator%secret domain=MYDOM account=MYDOM\\administrator password=topsecret reboot. This example would connect to a computer named XP as the local administrator using password secret, and join the computer into a domain called MYDOM using the MYDOM domain administrator account and password topsecret. After successful join, the computer would reboot. Unjoins a computer from a domain. This command supports the following additional parameters: ACCOUNT defines a domain account that will be used to unjoin the machine from the domain. This domain account needs to have sufficient privileges to unjoin machines. PASSWORD defines the password for the domain account defined with ACCOUNT. REBOOT is an optional parameter that can be set to reboot the remote machine after successful unjoin from the domain. Note that you also need to use standard net paramters to connect and authenticate to the remote machine that you want to unjoin. These additional parameters include: -S computer and -U user. Example: net dom unjoin -S xp -U XP\\administrator%secret account=MYDOM\\administrator password=topsecret reboot. This example would connect to a computer named XP as the local administrator using password secret, and unjoin the computer from the domain using the MYDOM domain administrator account and password topsecret. After successful unjoin, the computer would reboot. Gives usage information for the specified command. This man page is complete for version 3 of the Samba suite. The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed. The net manpage was written by Jelmer Vernooij.