Change the appliance so PATH includes common directories.  Thus
we don't need to hard-code paths to binaries (eg. "/sbin/fdisk")
everywhere.

The current groups are defined very conservatively using the
following criteria:
 (a) Would be impossible to implement on Windows because of
     sheer architectural differences (eg: mknod).
 (b) Already optional (augeas, inotify).
 (c) Not currently optional but not implemented on older RHEL and
     Debian releases (ntfs-3g.probe, scrub, zerofree).

The optional groups I've defined according to these criteria are:

 . augeas
 . inotify
 . linuxfsuuid
 . linuxmodules
 . linuxxattrs
 . lvm2
 . mknod
 . ntfs3g
 . scrub
 . selinux
 . zerofree

(Note that these choices don't prevent us from adding more
optional groups in future.  On the other hand to avoid breaking
ABIs we would not wish to change the above groups).

The rest of this large commit is really just implementation:

Each optional function is classified using Optional "group"
flag in the generator.

The daemon has to implement a function

  int optgroup_<name>_available (void);

for each optional group.  Some of these functions are fixed at
compile time, and some do simple run-time tests.

The do_available implementation in the daemon looks up the correct
function in a table and runs it.

We document the optional groups in the guestfs(3) man page.

Also: I added a NOT_AVAILABLE macro in order to unify all the
existing places where we had a message equivalent to
"function __func__ is not available".

Allow kernel modules to be loaded into the appliance.