path: root/gnome2-user-guide/C/gosnautilus.xml

<chapter id="nautilus">
  <title>Working with Files</title>

  <!-- ID tag preserved for 2.8 compatibility -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-1"/>

  <!-- Desktop Overview / File Manager -->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-56"/>

  <!-- MOVE THIS ANCHOR -->
  <!-- Desktop Overview / File Manager / To Open Files -->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-58"/>

  <!-- MOVE THIS ANCHOR -->
  <!-- Desktop Overview / File Manager / To Move Files -->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-57"/>

  <!-- MOVE THESE ANCHORS -->
  <!-- Desktop Overview / Desktop -->
  <anchor id="gosgetstarted-11"/>
  <!-- Desktop Overview / Desktop / To Open Desktop Objects -->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-29"/>
  <!-- Desktop Overview / Desktop / To Add Objects-->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-19"/>
  <!-- Using the Start Here Location -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-445"/>
  <!-- To Choose a View in Which to Display a File or Folder - (image/text view) -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-100"/>
  <!-- To Modify the Behavior of a View -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-111"/>
  <!-- To Resize an Icon in Icon View - (This can only be done on desktop now) -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-103"/>
  <!-- To Execute Other Actions When Displaying a File -->
  <anchor id="gosnautilus-73"/>

  <highlights>
    <para>This chapter describes how to use the <application>Nautilus</application> file manager.</para>
  </highlights>

  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-21">
    <title>Introduction</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>introduction</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-22">
    <title>File Manager Functionality</title>
    <para>The <application>Nautilus</application> file manager provides
a simple and integrated way to manage your files and applications. You can use the
file manager to do the following:</para>
    <itemizedlist>
       <listitem><para>Create folders and documents</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Display your files and folders</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Search and manage your files</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Run scripts and launch applications</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Customize the appearance of files and folders</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Open special locations on your computer</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Write data to a CD or DVD</para></listitem>
       <listitem><para>Install and remove fonts</para></listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
    <para>The file manager lets you organize your files into folders. Folders can contain files and may also contain other folders. Using folders can help you find your files more easily.</para>
    <para><application>Nautilus</application> also manages the desktop. The desktop
lies behind all other visible items on your screen. The desktop
is an active component of the way you use your computer.</para>
    <para>Every user has a Home Folder. The Home Folder contains all of the user's files. The desktop is another 
folder. The desktop contains special icons allowing easy access to the users Home Folder, Trash, and also removable media such as floppy disks, CDs and USB flashdrives.</para>
    <para><application>Nautilus</application> is always running while you are using GNOME. To open a new <application>Nautilus</application> window, double-click on an appropriate icon on the desktop such as <guimenuitem>Home</guimenuitem> or <guimenuitem>Computer</guimenuitem>, or choose an item from <link linkend="places-menu"><guimenuitem>Places</guimenuitem> menu</link> on the top panel.</para>
    <para>In GNOME many things are files, such as word processor documents, spreadsheets, photos, movies, and music.</para>

  </sect2>
  <sect2 id="nautilus-presentation">
    <title>File Manager Presentation</title>
    <para><application>Nautilus</application> provides two modes in which you can interact with your filesystem: spatial and browser mode. You may decide which method your prefer and set  <application>Nautilus</application> to always use this by selecting (or deselecting) <guilabel>Always open in browser windows</guilabel> in the <guilabel>Behavior</guilabel> tab of the <link linkend="nautilus-preferences">Nautilus preferences dialog</link>.</para>
    <para>Spatial mode is the default in GNOME, but your distributor, vendor, or system administrator may have configured <application>Nautilus</application> to use browser mode by default.</para>   
    <para>The following explains the difference between the two modes:</para>
      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry><!-- BROWSER -->
          <term>Browser mode: browse your files and folders</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>The file manager window represents a browser, which can display any location. Opening a folder updates the current file manager window to show the contents of the new folder.</para>
            <para>As well as the folder contents, the browser window displays a toolbar with common actions and locations, a location bar that shows the current location in the hierarchy of folders, and a sidebar that can hold different kinds of information.</para>
             <para>In Browser Mode, you typically have fewer file manager windows open at a time. For more information on using browser mode see <xref linkend="nautilus-browser-mode"/>.</para>
          <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-browser-mode">
            <title><application>Nautilus</application> in browser mode.</title>
            <screenshot>
              <mediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_browser_mode.png" format="PNG"/>
                </imageobject>
                <textobject>
                  <phrase>Nautilus in browser mode.</phrase>
                </textobject>
              </mediaobject>
            </screenshot>
          </figure>
          </listitem>        
        </varlistentry><!-- SPATIAL -->
        <varlistentry>
          <term>Spatial mode: navigate your files and folders as objects </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>The file manager window represents a particular folder. Opening a folder opens the new window for that folder. Each time you open a particular folder, you will find its window displayed in the same place on the screen and the same size as the last time you viewed it (this is the reason for the name 'spatial mode').</para>
            <para>Using spatial mode may lead to more open file manager windows on the screen. On the other hand, some users find that representing files and folders as though they were real physical objects with particular locations makes it easier to work with them. For more information on using spatial mode see <xref linkend="nautilus-spatial-mode" /></para>
        
            <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-spatial-mode">
              <title>Three Folders Opened in Spatial Mode.</title>
              <screenshot>
                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_spatial_mode.png" format="PNG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                  <textobject>
                    <phrase>Three Folders Opened in Spatial Mode.</phrase>
                  </textobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </screenshot>
            </figure>
            <note>
              <para>Notice how, when in spatial mode, <application>Nautilus</application> indicates an open folder with a different icon.</para>
            </note>
          </listitem>             
        </varlistentry>
     </variablelist>   
  </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <!-- ====================================================== Spatial mode -->  
  <sect1 id="nautilus-spatial-mode">
    <title>Spatial Mode</title>
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-24"/>       
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>navigating</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>The following section describes how to browse your system using the <application>Nautilus</application> file manager when configured in spatial mode. In spatial mode, each <application>Nautilus</application> window corresponds to a single folder. When you open a folder its window appears at the same place on the screen as the last time you looked at it. This is the default behaviour in <application>Nautilus</application>.</para>
    <para>For a comparison of browser mode and spatial mode, see <xref linkend="nautilus-presentation"/>.</para>    
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-510">
      <title>Spatial Windows</title>
      <para>A new spatial window opens each time you open a folder. To open a folder, do one of the following:</para>
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-25"/><!-- removed id: Displaying Folder Contents -->
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem><para>Double-click the folder's icon on the desktop or an existing window</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Select the folder, and press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>O</keycap></keycombo>.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Select the folder, and press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>down arrow</keycap></keycombo></para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Choose an item from the <link linkend="places-menu"><guimenuitem>Places</guimenuitem> menu</link> on the top panel. Your Home Folder and folders you have bookmarked are listed here. For more on bookmarks, see <xref linkend="nautilus-bookmarks"/>.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      
      <para>To close the current folder while opening the new one, hold down <keycap>Shift</keycap> when double-clicking, or press <keycombo><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>down arrow</keycap></keycombo>.</para>

      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-504"/> shows a spatial mode window
that displays the contents of the Computer folder.</para>
      <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-504">
        <title>Contents of a folder in a spatial mode.<indexterm><primary>file
manager</primary><secondary>icon view</secondary><tertiary>illustration</tertiary></indexterm></title>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_spatial_view.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <textobject>
              <phrase>Displaying a folder in spatial mode.</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </figure>
    <para>In spatial mode each open <application>Nautilus</application> windows shows only one location. Selecting a second location will open a second <application>Nautilus</application> window. Because each location remembers the previous position on screen in which it was opened it allows you to easily recognize folders when many of them are open at once.</para>
    <para>Some people consider spatial mode better, particularly for moving files or folders to different location, others find the number of open windows daunting. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-spatial-many-open" /> shows an example of spatial browsing with many open locations.</para>
        <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-spatial-many-open">
          <title>Three Folders Opened in Spatial Mode.</title>
          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_spatial_mode.png" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
              <textobject>
                <phrase>Three Folders Opened in Spatial Mode.</phrase>
              </textobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </figure>
<note>
<para>Because spatial mode will fill your screen with <application>Nautilus</application> windows it is important to be able to reposition them effectively. By holding the the <keycap>Alt</keycap> and clicking anywhere within the bounds of a <application>Nautilus</application> window you may reposition it simply, instead of the requiring that you reposition it by dragging its title bar.</para>
</note>
  </sect2>
   <sect2 id="nautilus-spatial-components">
      <title>Spatial Window Components</title>
      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-85"/> describes the components of file
object windows.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-85">
        <title>The Spatial Window Components</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="29.39*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="70.61*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Component</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Menubar</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Contains menus that you use to perform tasks in the file manager.</para>
		<para>You can also open a popup menu from file manager windows. To open this
popup menu right-click in a file manager window. The items in this menu depend
on where you right-click. For example, when you right-click on a file or folder,
you can choose items related to the file or folder. When you right-click on
the background of a view pane, you can choose items related to the display
of items in the view pane.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
		<anchor id="gosnautilus-components-view"/>
                <para>View pane</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Shows the contents of the following:</para>
                <itemizedlist>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Folders</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>FTP sites</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Windows shares</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>WebDAV servers</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Locations that correspond to special URIs</para>
                  </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Statusbar</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Displays status information.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Parent folder selector</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>This drop-down list shows the hierarchy of the folder. Choose a folder from the list to open it.</para>
                <tip><para>Hold down <keycap>Shift</keycap> while choosing from the list to close the current folder as you open the new one.</para></tip>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-4">
      <title>Displaying Your Home Folder in a Spatial Window</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>Home location</secondary>
        <see>Home location</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Home location</primary>
        <secondary>displaying</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To display your Home Folder,
perform one of the following actions:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Double-click on the <guilabel>Home</guilabel> object on the
desktop.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>From a folder window's menubar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Home</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para> 
        </listitem>
        <listitem><para>From the top panel menubar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Home Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>The spatial window displays the contents of your Home Folder.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-511">
      <title>Displaying a Parent Folder</title>
      <para>A parent folder is the folder that contains the current folder. To display the contents of your current folder's parent, do one of the following:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Open Parent</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>up arrow</keycap></keycombo>. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem><para>Choose from the parent folder selector at the bottom left of the window.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>To close the current folder while opening the parent, hold down <keycap>Shift</keycap> while choosing from the parent folder selector, or press <keycombo><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>up arrow</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-512">
      <title>Closing Folders</title>
      <para>To close folders you may simply click on the close window button, this however may not be the most efficient way to close many windows.
If you would like to view only the current folder, and not the folders you opened to reach the current folder, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Close Parent Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
If want to close all folders on the screen, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Close All Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-501">
      <title>Displaying a Folder in a Browser Window</title>
      <para>If you wish to display a single folder in browser mode, while otherwise continuing to work in spatial mode, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select a folder in while in spatial mode.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Browse Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-open-location">
      <title>Opening a Location</title>
      <para>You can open a folder or other location in spatial mode by typing its name.</para>
      <para>Choose <menuchoice>
	<shortcut>
		<keycombo><keysym>L</keysym></keycombo>
	</shortcut>
	<guimenu>File</guimenu>
	<guimenuitem>Open Location</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>, and type the path or URI of the location you wish to open.
</para>
  
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <!-- ====================================================== Browser mode -->
  <sect1 id="nautilus-browser-mode">
    <title>Browser Mode</title>
    <!-- Viewing Files in a File Browser Window -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-210"/>   
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-447"/>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>windows</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>The following section describes how to browse your system using the <application>Nautilus</application> file manager when configured in browser mode. In browser mode, opening a folder updates the current file manager to show the contents of the new folder.</para>
    <para>For a comparison of browser mode and spatial mode, see <xref linkend="nautilus-presentation"/>.</para>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-492">
      <title>The File Browser Window</title>
      <para>You can access the file browser in the following ways:
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem><para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>File Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>While in spatial mode you may open a folder in browser mode by right clicking on that folder and choosing <guimenuitem>Browse Folder</guimenuitem>. A new file browser window will then open and display the contents of the selected folder.</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>If <application>Nautilus</application> is set to always open browser windows, double clicking any folder will open a browser window, see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-56"/>.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist></para>
      <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-home-browser-mode">
        <title>Contents of a Folder in a File Browser Window</title>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_browser_mode.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <textobject>
              <phrase> A folder in a file browser window.</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </figure>
      <note>
        <para>In some distributions of the GNOME Desktop, the <guibutton>Home</guibutton> toolbar button might have another designation, for example, <guibutton>Documents</guibutton>.</para>
      </note>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-493">
        <title>The File Browser Window Components</title>
        <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-83"/> describes the components of a file
browser window.</para>
        <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-83">
          <title>File Browser Window Components</title>
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="29.39*"/>
            <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="70.61*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>Component</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>Description </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Menubar</para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Contains menus that you use to perform tasks in the file manager.</para>
		              <para><!-- TODO MOVE ME to a new section -->You can also open a popup menu from file manager windows. To open this
popup menu right-click in a file manager window. The items in this menu depend
on where you right-click. For example, when you right-click on a file or folder,
you can choose items related to the file or folder. When you right-click on
the background of a view pane, you can choose items related to the display
of items in the view pane.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Toolbar</para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Contains buttons that you use to perform tasks in the file manager.</para>
<itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Back</guibutton> Returns to the previously visited location. The adjacent drop down list also contains a list of the most recently visited locations to allow you to return to them faster.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guimenu>Forward</guimenu> Performs the opposite function to the <guibutton>Back</guibutton> toolbar item. If you have previously navigated back in time then this button returns you to the present.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Up</guibutton> Moves up one level to the parent of the current folder.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Reload</guibutton> Refreshes the contents of the current folder.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Home</guibutton> Opens your Home Folder.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Computer</guibutton> Opens your Computer folder.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guibutton>Search</guibutton> Opens the search bar.</para>
                    </listitem>
                  </itemizedlist>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                  <para>Location bar</para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                  <para>The location bar is a very powerful tool for navigating your computer. It can appear in three different ways depending on your selection. For more on using the location bar see <xref linkend="nautilus-location-bar" />. In all three configurations the location bar always contains the following items.</para>
                  <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guimenu>Zoom</guimenu> buttons: Enable you to change the
size of items in the view pane.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                      <para><guilabel>View as</guilabel> drop-down list: Enables you to
choose how to show items in your view pane.</para>
                    </listitem>
                  </itemizedlist>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
              		<anchor id="gosnautilus-540"/>
                  <para>Side pane</para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Performs the following functions:</para>
                  <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                      <para>Shows information about the current file or folder. </para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Enables you to navigate through your files. </para>
                  </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
                <para>To display the side pane, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Side Pane</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The side pane contains a drop-down list that enables
you to choose what to show in the side pane. You can choose from the following
options:</para>                
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>Places</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Displays places of particular interest.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>Information</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Displays the icon and information about the current folder. Buttons may appear in the side pane, these buttons
enable you to perform actions on the current folder, other than the default action.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Displays a hierarchical representation of your file system. You can
use the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> to navigate through your files.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>History</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Contains a history list of files, folders, FTP sites, and URIs that
you have recently visited.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>Notes</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Enables you to add notes to your files and folders.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <guilabel>Emblems</guilabel>
          </para>
          <para>Contains emblems that you can add to a file or folder.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>To close the side pane, click on the <guibutton>X</guibutton> button
at the top right of the side pane.</para>
                </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
		<anchor id="gosnautilus-53"/>
                <para>View pane</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Shows the contents of the following:</para>
                <itemizedlist>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Folders</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>FTP sites</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Windows shares</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>WebDAV servers</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>Locations that correspond to special URIs</para>
                  </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Statusbar</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Displays status information.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-18">
      <title>Showing and Hiding File Browser Window Components</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>window components, showing
and hiding</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To show or hide any of the components of the file browser described in <xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-83" /> select any of the following items from the menu:<!-- TODO clean this up, it's too robotic! --></para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>To hide the side pane, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Side Pane</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. To display the
side pane again, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Side Pane</guimenuitem></menuchoice> again. Alternatively you may press <keycap>F9</keycap> to toggle the visibility of the side pane.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To hide the toolbar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Main Toolbar</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. To display the
toolbar again, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Main Toolbar</guimenuitem></menuchoice> again. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To hide the location bar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Location Bar</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. To display
the location bar again, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Location Bar</guimenuitem></menuchoice> again.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To hide the statusbar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Statusbar</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. To display the
statusbar again, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Statusbar</guimenuitem></menuchoice> again. </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-location-bar">
      <title>Using the Location Bar</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>window components, showing
and hiding</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file browser's location bar can show either a location field, a button bar, or a search field. Each is useful in different situations. </para>


    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para><guilabel>Button bar</guilabel></para>
        <para>By default the button bar is shown. Each button represents a folder, by clicking on them you can change your location. You can also drag buttons, for example to another location, in order to copy a folder. The button bar is excellent for jumping quickly between frequently accessed folders.</para>
      <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-903">
      <title>The button bar.</title>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_button_bar.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <textobject>
              <phrase>The button bar.</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </figure>
      </listitem>    
      <listitem>
        <para><guilabel>Text Location Bar</guilabel></para>
        <para>The text location bar shows the current location as a text path, for example: '/home/user/Documents'. The location field is particularly useful for jumping to a known folder very quickly.</para>
        <para>To go to a new location, type a new path or edit the current one, then press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. The path field automatically completes what you are typing when there is only one possibility. To accept the suggested completion, press <keycap>Tab</keycap>.</para>
      <para>To always use the text location bar, click on the toggle button at the left of the location bar.</para>
      <para>To quickly switch to the text location bar while using the button bar, press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>L</keycap></keycombo>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Location</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, or press <keycap>Leading Slash (/)</keycap> to type a path from the root directory. The location bar shows the location buttons again after you press <keycap>Enter</keycap> or cancel with <keycap>Escape</keycap>.</para>
      <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-902">
      <title>The location bar.</title>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_go_to_location.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <textobject>
              <phrase>The location bar.</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </figure>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><guilabel>Search bar</guilabel></para>
        <para>By pressing <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>F</keycap></keycombo> or selecting the <guibutton>Search</guibutton> toolbar button the search bar appears. For more information on searching see <xref linkend="nautilus-searching" />. The search bar is excellent for locating files of folders when you are not sure of their exact location.</para>
      <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-904">
      <title>The button bar.</title>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_search_bar.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <textobject>
              <phrase>The search bar.</phrase>
            </textobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </figure>
      </listitem>
</itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-499">
      <title>Displaying Your Home Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>Home folder</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>Home location</secondary>
        <see>Home location</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Home location</primary>
        <secondary>displaying</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To quickly display your Home Folder,
perform one of the following actions from a file browser window:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Home</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guibutton>Home</guibutton> toolbar button. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guibutton>Home</guibutton> button in the Places side pane. </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>The file browser window displays the contents of your Home Folder.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-500">
      <title>Displaying a Folder</title>
      <para>The contents of a folder can be displayed in either list or icon view by selecting the appropriate item in the location bar <guilabel>View as</guilabel> menu. For more information on the list and icon view see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-7" /></para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Double-click on the folder in the view pane.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Use the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> in the side pane. For more
information, see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-27"/>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guilabel>Location</guilabel> buttons in the location bar.
</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>L</keycap></keycombo> to show the text <guilabel>Location</guilabel> field, type the path
of the folder that you want to display, then press <keycap>Return</keycap>.
The <guilabel>Location</guilabel> field includes an autocomplete feature.
As you type a path, the file manager reads your file system. When you type
enough characters to uniquely identify a directory, the file manager completes
the name of the directory in the <guilabel>Location</guilabel> field.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Use the <guibutton>Back</guibutton> toolbar button and the <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> toolbar button to browse through your navigation history.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>To change to the folder that is one level above the current folder,
choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Up</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, click on the <guibutton>Up</guibutton> toolbar
button.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-26">
      <title>Displaying a Parent Folder</title>
      <para>The parent folder of the current folder which you are browsing is the one which exists, in a hierarchical representation, one level above the current. To display the contents of  parent folder, perform one of the
following steps:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Press the <guibutton>Up</guibutton> button on the toolbar.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Open Parent</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the menubar. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Press the <keycap>Backspace</keycap> key.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-27">
      <title>Using the Tree From the Side Pane</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>Tree, using </secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Tree, using</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> view is one of the most useful features of the side pane. It displays a hierarchical representation of your file system and provides a convenient way to browse and to navigate
your file system. To display the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> in the side pane, choose <guimenuitem>Tree</guimenuitem> from the drop-down list at the top of the side pane. </para>
<para>In the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>view, open folders are represented as downwards facing arrows.</para>
      
      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-34"/> describes tasks you can
perform with the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>, and how to do so.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-34">
        <title>Tree Tasks</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Task</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Action</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Open the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Choose <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> from the drop-down
list at the top of the side pane.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Close the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Choose another item from the drop-down list at the
top of the side pane.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Expand a folder in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Click on the arrow next to the folder in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Collapse a folder in the <guilabel> Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Click on the arrow next to the folder in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Display the contents of
a folder in the view pane.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Select the folder in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Open a file.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Select the file in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
      <para>You can set your preferences so that the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> does
not display files. For more information, see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-438"/>. </para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-5">
      <title>Using Your Navigation History</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>navigating history list</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file browser window maintains a history
list of files, folders, FTP sites, and URI locations you have recently visited. You can use the history
list to navigate to quickly return to these places. Your history list contains the last ten items that
you viewed.</para>
      <para>To clear your history list choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Clear History</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-77">
        <title>Navigating Your History List Using the Go Menu</title>
        <para>To display a list of previously-viewed items, choose the <guimenu>Go</guimenu> menu. Your history list is displayed in the lower part of the <guimenu>Go</guimenu> menu. To open an item in your history list, simply click on the item.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-78">
        <title>Navigating Your History List Using the Toolbar</title>
        <para>To use the toolbar to navigate your history list, perform one of the
following actions:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>To open the folder or URI in your history
list, click on the <guibutton>Back</guibutton> toolbar button.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To open the folder or URI in your history list,
click on the <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> toolbar button.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To display a list of previously-viewed items, click on the
down arrow to the right of the <guibutton>Back</guibutton> toolbar button.
To open an item from this list, click on the item.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To display a list of items that you viewed after you viewed
the current item, click on the down arrow to the right of the <guibutton>Forward</guibutton> toolbar button. To open an item from this list, click
on the item.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-80">
        <title>Navigating Your History List Using History in the Side Pane</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>file manager</primary>
          <secondary>History</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>To display the <guilabel>History</guilabel> list in the side pane, choose <guilabel>History</guilabel> from the drop-down list at the top of the side pane. The <guilabel>History</guilabel> list in the side pane displays a list of your previously-viewed
items.</para>
        <para>To display an item from your history list in the view pane, double-click on
the item in the <guilabel>History</guilabel> list.</para>

      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>  
  
	<!-- ======================================================== Opening -->
  <sect1 id="nautilus-open-file">
    <title>Opening Files</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-28"/>       
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>opening files</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>When you open a file, the file manager performs the default
action for that file type.</para>
    <para>For example, opening a music file will play it with the default music playing application, opening a text file will allow you to read and edit it in a text editor, and opening an image file will display the image.</para>
    <para>The file manager checks the contents of a file to determine the type
of a file. If the first lines do not determine the type of the file, then
the file manager checks the <glossterm>file extension</glossterm>.</para>
    <note><para>If you open an executable text file, that is, one that Nautilus considers can be run as a program, then you will be asked what you want to do: run it, or display it in a text editor. You can modify this behaviour in the <link linkend="nautilus-preferences">File Management preferences</link>.</para></note>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-29">
      <title>Executing the Default Action</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>executing default actions
for files</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To execute the default action for a
file, double-click on the file. For example, the default action for plain
text documents is to display the file in a text viewer. In this case, you
can double-click on the file to  display the file in a text viewer.</para>
      <para>You can set your file manager preferences so that you click once on
a file to execute the default action. For more information, see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-56"/>.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-30">
      <title>Executing Non-Default Actions</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>executing non-default
actions for files</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To execute actions other than
the default action for a file,  select the file that you want to perform
an action on. In the <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu></menuchoice> menu you will either have "Open with" choices, or an 
<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Open With</guimenuitem></menuchoice> submenu. Select the desired option from this list.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-add-actions">
      <title>Adding Actions</title>
	    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
	    <anchor id="gosnautilus-204"/><!-- Assigning Actions to Files -->
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>adding actions</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To add actions associated with a file type, perform the
following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
         <para>In the view pane, select
a file of the type to which you want to add an action.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Open with Other Application</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
        <para>Either choose an application in the open with dialog or browse to the program with 
which you wish to open this type.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
       <para>The action you have chosen is now added to the list of actions for that particular file type. If there was 
no prior action associated with the type, the newly added action is the default.</para>
       <para>You may also add actions in the <guilabel>Open With</guilabel> tabbed section under <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
   </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-75">
      <title>Modifying Actions</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>modifying actions</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To modify the actions associated with a file or file
type, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
         <para>In the view pane, select
a file of the type to which you want to modify the action.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
       <listitem>
          <para>Choose <guilabel>Open With</guilabel> tabbed section.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Use <guibutton>Add</guibutton> or <guibutton>Remove</guibutton> buttons to tailor the list of actions. 
Select the default action with the option to the left of the list.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>    
   
	<!-- =========================================== Searching -->    
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="nautilus-searching">
    <title>Searching For Files</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>searching files</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>The <application>Nautilus</application> file manager includes an easy and simple to use way search for your files and folders. To begin a search press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>F</keycap></keycombo> or select the <guibutton>Search</guibutton> toolbar button. The search bar should appear as in <xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-925" /></para>
                    <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-925">
                    <title>The search bar.</title>
                      <screenshot>
                        <mediaobject>
                          <imageobject>
                            <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_search_bar.png" format="PNG"/>
                          </imageobject>
                          <textobject>
                            <phrase>The search bar.</phrase>
                          </textobject>
                        </mediaobject>
                      </screenshot>
                    </figure>
<para>Enter characters present in the name or contents of the file or folder you wish to find and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. The results of your search should appear in the view pane as illustrated in <xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-926" /></para>
                    <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-926">
                    <title>The result of a search.</title>
                      <screenshot>
                        <mediaobject>
                          <imageobject>
                            <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_search_results.png" format="PNG"/>
                          </imageobject>
                          <textobject>
                            <phrase>The result of a search.</phrase>
                          </textobject>
                        </mediaobject>
                      </screenshot>
                    </figure>
<para>If you are not happy with your search you can refine it by adding addition conditions. This allows you to restrict the search to a specific file type or location. To add search conditions click the <guibutton>+</guibutton> icon. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-927" /> shows a search which has been restricted to the users home directory and to only search for text files.</para>
                    <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-927">
                    <title>Restricting a search.</title>
                      <screenshot>
                        <mediaobject>
                          <imageobject>
                            <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_refine_search.png" format="PNG"/>
                          </imageobject>
                          <textobject>
                            <phrase>Restricting a search.</phrase>
                          </textobject>
                        </mediaobject>
                      </screenshot>
                    </figure>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-saving-searches">
      <title>Saving Searches</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>executing default actions
for files</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>Nautilus searches can also be saved for future use. Once saved, searches may be reopened later. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-935" /> shows a user with three saved searches, browsing one of them.</para>
                    <figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-935">
                    <title>Browsing the results of a saved search.</title>
                      <screenshot>
                        <mediaobject>
                          <imageobject>
                            <imagedata fileref="figures/nautilus_restore_saved_search.png" format="PNG"/>
                          </imageobject>
                          <textobject>
                            <phrase>Browsing the results of a saved search.</phrase>
                          </textobject>
                        </mediaobject>
                      </screenshot>
                    </figure>
<para>Saved searches behave exactly like regular folders, for example you can open, move or delete files from within a saved search.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

	<!-- =========================================== Managing -->
  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-8">
    <title>Managing Your Files and Folders</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>managing files and folders</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>This section describes how to work with your
files and folders.</para>

  	<sect2 id="nautilus-directories-file-systems" status="complete">
  			<title>Directories and File Systems</title>
  				<para>Linux and Unix file systems are organised in a hierarchical, tree-like structure.  The highest level of the file system is the <filename>/</filename> or <emphasis>root directory</emphasis>.  In the Unix and Linux design philosophy, everything is considered a file - including hard disks, partitions and removable media. This means that all files and directories (including other disks and partitions) exist under the root directory.
  				</para>
  				<para>For example, <filename>/home/jebediah/cheeses.odt</filename> shows the correct full path to the <filename>cheeses.odt</filename> file that exists in the <filename>jebediah</filename> directory which is under the <filename>home</filename> directory, which in turn, is under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory.
  				</para>
  				<para>Underneath the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory, there is a set of important system directories that are commonly used across most Linux distributions.  The following is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory:
  				</para>
  					<itemizedlist>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/bin</filename> - important <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ary applications
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/boot</filename> - files that are required to <emphasis>boot</emphasis> the computer
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/dev</filename> - the <emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice files
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/etc</filename> - configuration files, startup scripts, <emphasis>etc</emphasis>...
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/home</filename> - local users' <emphasis>home</emphasis> directories
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/lib</filename> - system <emphasis>lib</emphasis>raries
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/lost+found</filename> - provides a <emphasis>lost+found</emphasis> system for files that exist under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/media</filename> - mounted (loaded) removable <emphasis>media</emphasis> such as CDs, digital cameras, etc...
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/mnt</filename> - <emphasis>m</emphasis>ou<emphasis>nt</emphasis>ed filesystems
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/opt</filename> - provides a location for <emphasis>opt</emphasis>ional applications to be installed
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/proc</filename> - special dynamic directory that maintains information about the state of the system, including currently running <emphasis>proc</emphasis>esses
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/root</filename> - <emphasis>root</emphasis> user home directory, pronounced &apos;slash-root&apos;
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/sbin</filename> - important <emphasis>s</emphasis>ystem <emphasis>bin</emphasis>aries
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/srv</filename> - provides a location for data used by <emphasis>s</emphasis>e<emphasis>rv</emphasis>ers</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/sys</filename> - contains information about the <emphasis>sys</emphasis>tem
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/tmp</filename> - <emphasis>t</emphasis>e<emphasis>mp</emphasis>orary files
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/usr</filename> - applications and files that are mostly available for all <emphasis>us</emphasis>e<emphasis>r</emphasis>s to access
  							</para>
  						</listitem>
  						<listitem>
  							<para><filename>/var</filename> - <emphasis>var</emphasis>iable files such as logs and databases
  							</para>
  						</listitem> 
  					</itemizedlist>
  	</sect2>

    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-7">
      <title>Using Views to Display Your Files and Folders</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>viewer components</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>views</secondary>
        <tertiary>introduction</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file manager includes views that enable you to show the contents
of your folders in different ways, icon view, and list view.</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Icon view</para>
          <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-icon-view"/> Shows the items in the folder as icons.
<figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-icon-view">
                    <title>The Home Folder displayed in a icon view.</title>
<screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_spatial_icon_view.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Your Home Folder displayed in a icon view.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
</figure></para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>List view</para>
          <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-list-view"/> Shows the items in the folder as a list.
<figure id="gosnautilus-FIG-naut-list-view">
                    <title>The Home Folder displayed in a list view.</title>
<screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_spatial_list_view.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Your Home Folder displayed in a list view.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
</figure>
</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>You may use the <guilabel>View</guilabel> menu, or the <guilabel>View as</guilabel> drop-down list to choose between icon or list view. You can specify how you want to arrange or sort items in the folder and modify the size of the items in the view pane. The following sections describe how to work with icon view and list view.</para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-101">
        <title>To Arrange Your Files in Icon View</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>file manager</primary>
          <secondary>icon view</secondary>
          <tertiary>arranging files in</tertiary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>When you display
the contents of a folder in icon view, you can specify how to arrange the
items in the folder. To specify how to arrange items in icon view, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guisubmenu>Arrange Items</guisubmenu></menuchoice>.
The <guisubmenu>Arrange Items</guisubmenu> submenu contains the following
sections:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>At the top is an option that enables you to arrange
your files manually.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>The middle section contains options that enable you to sort
your files automatically.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>The bottom section contains options that enable you to modify
how your files are arranged.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>Choose the appropriate options from the submenu, as described in the
following table: </para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colname="colspec6" colwidth="28.75*"/>
            <colspec colname="colspec7" colwidth="71.25*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>Option</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>Description </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Manually</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to arrange the items manually.
To arrange the items manually, drag the items to the location you require
within the view pane.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>By Name</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to sort the
items alphabetically by name. The order of the items is not case sensitive.
If the file manager is set to display hidden files, the hidden files are shown
last.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>By Size</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to sort the
items by size, with the largest item first. When you sort items by size, the
folders are sorted by the number of items in the folder. The folders are not
sorted by the total size of the items in the folder.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>By Type</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to sort the
items alphabetically by object type. The items are sorted alphabetically by
the description of their <firstterm>MIME type</firstterm>. The MIME type identifies
the format of a file, and enables applications to read the file. For example,
an email application can use the <literal>image/png</literal> MIME type to
detect that a PNG file is attached to an email.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>By Modification
Date</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to sort the items by the date the items were last modified.
The most recently modified item is first.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>By Emblems</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to sort the
items by any emblems that are added to the items. The items are sorted alphabetically
by emblem name. Items that do not have emblems are last. </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec6" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Compact Layout</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec7" valign="top">
                  <para>Select
this option to arrange the items so that the items are closer to each other.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Reversed Order</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to reverse the order of the option
by which you sort the items. For example, if you sort the items by name, select
the <guilabel>Reversed Order</guilabel> option to sort the items in reverse
alphabetical order.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-listview-arrange">
        <title>To Arrange Your Files in List View</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>file manager</primary>
          <secondary>list view</secondary>
          <tertiary>arranging files in</tertiary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>When you display the contents of a folder in list view, you can specify how to arrange the
items in the folder. To specify how to arrange items in list view, click on the header of the column specifying the property
by which you wish to arrange the items. To inverse the sorting order click on the same column header again.</para>
        <para>To add or remove columns from the list view choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guisubmenu>Visible Columns</guisubmenu></menuchoice></para>
        <para>The file manager remembers how you arrange the items in a particular
folder. The next time that you display the folder, the items are arranged
in the way that you selected.  In other words, when you specify how to arrange
the items in a folder, you customize the folder to display the items in that
way. To return the arrangement settings of the folder to the default arrangement
settings specified in your preferences, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Reset View to Defaults</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      </sect3>
<sect3 id="gosnautilus-102">
      <title>To Change the Size of Items in a View</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>zooming in and out</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can change the size of items in a view. You can change
the size if the view displays a file or a folder. You can change the size
of items in a view in the following ways:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>To enlarge the size of items in a view, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Zoom In</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To reduce the size of items in a view, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Zoom Out</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To return items in a view to the normal size, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Normal Size</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>You can also use the zoom buttons on the location bar in a browser window to change the
size of items in a view. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-42"/> describes how
to use the zoom buttons.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-42">
        <title>Zoom Buttons</title>
        <tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="21.98*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="32.86*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec2" colwidth="44.17*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Button</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Button Name </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_zoom_out_button.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Zoom Out button.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><guibutton>Zoom Out</guibutton> button</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Click on this button to reduce the size of items in a view.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_normal_size_button.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Normal Size button.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para><guibutton>Normal Size</guibutton>
button </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Click on this button to return
items in a view to normal size.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_zoom_in_button.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Zoom In button.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><guibutton>Zoom In</guibutton> button</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Click on this button to enlarge the size of items in a view.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
      <para>The file manager remembers the size of items in a particular folder.
The next time that you display the folder, the items are displayed in the
size that you selected. In other words, when you change the size of items
in a folder, you customize the folder to display the items at that size. To
return the size of the items to the default size specified in your preferences,
choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Reset View
to Defaults</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
    </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="nautilus-select">
      <title>Selecting Files and Folders</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-202"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>selecting files and folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can select files and folders in several
ways in the file manager. Typically this is achieved by clicking on the files using the mouse, as explained in <xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-10"/>. In addition <xref linkend="nautilus-select-pattern"/> describes how to select a group of files matching a specific pattern.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-10">
        <title>Selecting Items in the File Manager</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="36.36*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec2" colwidth="63.64*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Task</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2">
                <para>Action</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Select an item</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Click on the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Select a group of contiguous
items</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>In icon view,
drag around the files that you want to select.</para>
                <para>In list view, click
on the first item in the group. Press-and-hold <keycap>Shift</keycap>, then
click on the last item in the group.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Select multiple items</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Press-and-hold <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>.
Click on the items that you want to select.</para>
                <para>Alternatively, press-and-hold <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>, then drag around the files that you want to select.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Select all items in a folder</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Select All Files</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
      <para>To perform the default action on an item, double-click on the item.
You can set your file manager preferences so that you click once on a file
to execute the default action. For more information, see <xref linkend="gosnautilus-56"/>.</para>
<sect3 id="nautilus-select-pattern">
<title>Selecting Files Matching a Specific Pattern</title>
<para><application>Nautilus</application> allows you to select all files matching a pattern based upon their filename and an optional number of wildcards. This can be useful if, for example, you wish to select all files which contain the phrase "memo" in their filename. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-select-pattern"/> gives some examples of possible patterns and the resulting files they would match.</para>
<table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-select-pattern">
        <title>Selecting Items in the File Manager</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="36.36*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec2" colwidth="63.64*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Pattern</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2">
                <para>Files Matched</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>note.*</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>This pattern would match files called note, with any extension.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>*.ogg</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>This pattern would match all files with the .ogg extension</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>*memo*</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>This pattern would match all files or folders whose name contains the word memo.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
      <para>To perform the Select Pattern command Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Select Patterns</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the menu. After entering the desired pattern you are left with those files or folders which matched the pattern selected. You may then do with the selected files or folders what you choose.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="nautilus-dragndrop">
      <title>Drag-and-Drop in the File Manager</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-201"/>       
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>drag-and-drop</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can use drag-and-drop to perform several tasks in the
file manager. When you drag-and-drop, the mouse pointer provides feedback
about the task that you perform. <xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-11"/> describes
the tasks that you can perform with drag-and-drop. The table also shows the
mouse pointers that appear when you drag-and-drop.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-11">
        <title>Drag-and-Drop in the File Manager</title>
        <tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="36.36*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec2" colwidth="98.56*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="28.70*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Task</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2">
                <para>Action</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Mouse Pointer</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Move an item</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Drag the item to the new location.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/move_pointer.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Move pointer.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Copy an item</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Grab the item, then press-and-hold <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>. Drag the item to the location where you want the copy to reside.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/copy_pointer.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Copy pointer.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Create a symbolic link to
an item</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Grab the
item, then press-and-hold <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Shift</keycap></keycombo>.
Drag the item to the location where you want the symbolic link to reside.</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/link_pointer.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Symbolic link pointer.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>Ask what to do with the
item you drag</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>Grab the item, then press-and-hold <keycap>Alt</keycap>. You may also use the middle mouse button to perform the same operation.
Drag the item to the location where you want the item to reside. Release the mouse button.
A popup menu appears. Choose one of the following items from the popup menu:</para>
                <itemizedlist>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>
                      <guimenuitem>Move here</guimenuitem>
                    </para>
                    <para>Moves the item to the location.</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>
                      <guimenuitem>Copy here</guimenuitem>
                    </para>
                    <para>Copies the item to the  location. </para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>
                      <guimenuitem>Link here</guimenuitem>
                    </para>
                    <para>Creates a symbolic link to the item at the location.</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>
                      <guimenuitem>Set as Background</guimenuitem>
                    </para>
                    <para>If the item is an image, sets the image to be the background.
 You can use this command to set the background of the desktop, the side pane or the view pane.</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                    <para>
                      <guimenuitem>Cancel</guimenuitem>
                    </para>
                    <para>Cancels the drag-and-drop operation.</para>
                  </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/ask_pointer.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Ask pointer.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-9">
      <title>Moving a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>moving files and folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can move a file or folder by dragging it with the mouse, or with the cut and paste commands. The following sections describe these two methods.</para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-537">
        <title>Drag to the New Location</title>
        <para>To drag a file or folder to a new location, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open two file manager windows:</para>
            <itemizedlist>
	            <listitem><para>The window containing the item you want to move.</para></listitem>
	            <listitem><para>The window you want to move it to, or the window containing the folder you want to move it to.</para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Drag the file or folder that you want to move to the new location. If the new location is a window, drop it anywhere in the window. If the new location is a folder icon, drop the item you are dragging on the folder.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
        <para>To move the file or folder to a folder that is one level below the current
location, do not open a new window. Instead, drag the file or folder to the
new location in the same window.</para>
        <tip><para>For more on dragging items, see <xref linkend="nautilus-dragndrop"/>.</para></tip>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-538">
        <title>Cut and Paste to the New Location</title>
        <para>You can cut a file or folder and paste the file or folder into another
folder, as follows:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the file or folder that you want to move, then choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Cut File</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open the folder to which you want to move the file or folder,
then choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Paste
Files</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-10">
      <title>Copying a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>copying files and folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can copy a file or folder by dragging it with the mouse, or with the copy and paste commands. The following sections describe these two methods.</para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-640">
        <title>Drag to the New Location</title>
        <para>To copy a file or folder, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open two file manager windows:</para>
            <itemizedlist>
	            <listitem><para>The window containing the item you want to move.</para></listitem>
	            <listitem><para>The window you want to move it to, or the window containing the folder you want to move it to.</para></listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Drag the file or folder that you want to move to the new location. Press-and-hold <keycap>Ctrl</keycap> either before or during the drag. If the new location is a window, drop it anywhere in the window. If the new location is a folder icon, drop the item you are dragging on the folder.</para>
          </listitem>          
        </orderedlist>
        <para>To copy the file or folder to a folder that is one level below the current
location, do not open a new window. Instead, grab the file or folder, then
press-and-hold <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>. Drag the file or folder to the new location
in the same window.</para>
        <tip><para>For more on dragging items, see <xref linkend="nautilus-dragndrop"/>.</para></tip>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-441">
        <title>Copy and Paste to the New Location</title>
        <para>You can copy a file or folder and paste the file or folder into another
folder, as follows:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the file or folder that you want to copy, then choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Copy File</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open the folder to which you want to copy the file or folder,
then choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Paste
Files</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-82">
      <title>Duplicating a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>duplicating files and
folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To create a copy of a file or folder
in the current folder, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder that you want to duplicate.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Duplicate</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          <para>A copy of the file or folder appears in the current folder.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-11">
      <title>Creating a Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>creating folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To create a folder, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Open the folder where you want to create the new folder.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Create Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, right-click
on the background of the window, then choose <guimenuitem>Create Folder</guimenuitem>.</para>
          <para>An <guilabel>untitled</guilabel> folder is added to the location. The
name of the folder is selected.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Type a name for the folder, then press <keycap>Return</keycap>. </para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-templates-docs">
      <title>Templates and Documents</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>creating documents</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can create templates from documents that you frequently
create. For example, if you often create invoices, you can create an empty
invoice document and save the document as <literal>invoice.doc</literal> in
the <literal>$HOME/Templates</literal> folder.</para>
      <para>You can also access the templates folder from a file browser window.
Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Templates</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      <para>The template name is displayed as a submenu item in the <guilabel>Create
Document</guilabel> menu.</para>
      <para>You can also create subfolders in the template folder. Subfolders display
as submenus in the menu. </para>
      <para>You can also share templates. Create a symbolic link from the template
folder to the folder containing the shared templates. </para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-514">
        <title>To Create a Document</title>
        <para>If you have document templates, you can choose to create a document
from one of the installed templates. </para>
        <para>To create a document perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the folder where you want to create the new document.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Create Document</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, right-click on
the background of the view pane, then choose <guimenuitem>Create Document</guimenuitem>.</para>
            <para>The names of any available templates are displayed as submenu items
from the <guilabel>Create Document</guilabel> menu.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Double-click on the template name for the document that you
want to create. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Rename the document before saving to the appropriate folder.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-12">
      <title>Renaming a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>renaming folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To rename a file or folder perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder that you want to rename.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Rename</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, right-click on the file
or folder, then choose <guimenuitem>Rename</guimenuitem>.</para>
          <para>The name of the file or folder is selected.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Type a new name for the file or folder, then press <keycap>Return</keycap>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-13">
      <title>Moving a File or Folder to Trash</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>Trash</secondary>
        <see>Trash</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Trash</primary>
        <secondary>moving
files or folders to</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To move a file or folder
to <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder that you want to move to <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Move to Trash</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, right-click on the
file or folder, then choose <guimenuitem>Move to Trash</guimenuitem>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>Alternatively, you can drag the file or folder to the <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> object on the desktop.</para>
      <note>
        <para>When you move a file or folder from a removable media to <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>, the file or folder is stored in a <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>
location on the removable media. To remove the file or folder permanently
from the removable media, you must empty <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-443">
      <title>Deleting a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>deleting files or folders</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>When you delete a file or folder, the file or
folder is not moved to <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>, but is deleted from your
file system immediately. The <guimenuitem>Delete</guimenuitem> menu item is
only available if you select the <guilabel>Include a Delete command that bypasses
Trash</guilabel> option in the <guilabel>File Management Preferences</guilabel>
 dialog. </para>
      <para>To delete a file or folder perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder that you want to delete.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Delete</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Alternatively, right-click on the file
or folder, then choose <guimenuitem>Delete</guimenuitem>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>
	Alternatively, select the file or folder you want to delete, and press <keycombo><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Del</keycap></keycombo>. 
	<note>
	  <para>
	    This shortcut is independent from the <guilabel>Include a Delete command that bypasses Trash</guilabel> option. 
	  </para>
	</note>
      </para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-symlink">
      <title>Creating a Symbolic Link to a File or Folder</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-14"/>        
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>creating symbolic link</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>symbolic link</primary>
        <secondary>to file or folder, creating</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>A symbolic link is
a special type of file that points to another file or folder. When you perform
an action on a symbolic link, the action is performed on the file or folder
to which the symbolic link points. However, when you delete a symbolic link,
you delete the link file, not the file to which the symbolic link points.</para>
      <para>To create a symbolic link to a file or folder, select the file or folder
to which you want to create a link. Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Make Link</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. A link to the
file or folder is added to the current folder. </para>
      <para>Alternatively, grab the item to which you want to create a link, then
press-and-hold <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Shift</keycap></keycombo>. Drag the item
to the location where you want to place the link.</para>
      <para>By default, the file manager adds an emblem to symbolic links.</para>
      <note>
        <para>The permissions of a symbolic link are determined by the file
or folder to which a symbolic link points.</para>
      </note>
      <tip><para>For more on dragging items, see <xref linkend="nautilus-dragndrop"/>.</para></tip>      
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-476">
      <title>Viewing the Properties of a File or Folder</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>viewing properties</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To view the properties of a file or folder, perform the
following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder whose properties you want to view. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. A properties dialog is displayed.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Use the properties dialog to view the properties of the file
or folder. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the properties
dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>

      <para>The following table lists the properties that you can view or set for files and folders, the exact information shown depends on the object type:</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colwidth="27.27*"/>
          <colspec colwidth="72.73*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Property</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Name</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The name of the file or folder. You can change the name here and the file or folder will be renamed when you click on <guibutton>Close</guibutton>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Type</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The type of object, file or folder for example.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Location</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The system path for the object. This represents where the object is situated on your computer, relative to the system root.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Volume</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The volume on which a folder resides. This is the physical location of the folder, on which media it resides, for example which hard disk or CDROM drive.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Free space</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The amount of free space on the media upon which a folder resides. This represents the maximum amount of data you can copy to this folder.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>MIME Type</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The official naming of the type of file.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Modified</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The date and time at which the object was last changed.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Accessed</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>The date and time at which the object was last viewed.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </sect2>
    
  	<sect2 id="nautilus-permissions-overview" status="review">
			<title>File Permissions</title>
        <para>Permissions are settings assigned to each file and folder
  that determine what type of access users can have to the file or folder. For example, you can determine whether other users can read and edit a file that belongs to you, or only have access to read it but not make changes to it.</para>
        <para>Each file belongs to a particular user, and is associated with a group that the owner belongs to. The super user "root" has the ability to access any file on the system.</para>
        <para>You can set permissions for three categories of users:</para>        
        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry><term>Owner</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>The user that created the file or folder.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry><term>Group</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>A group of users to which the owner belongs.</para>
            </listitem>     
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry><term>Others</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>All other users not already included.</para>
            </listitem>     
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
        <para>For each category of user, different permissions can be set. These behave differently for files and folders, as follows:
        </para>
        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry><term>read</term>
            <listitem>          
            <para>Files can be opened</para>
            <para>Directory contents can be displayed</para>
            </listitem>          
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry><term>write</term>
            <listitem>          
            <para>Files can be edited or deleted</para>
            <para>Directory contents can be modified</para>
             </listitem>          
         </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry><term>execute</term>
            <listitem>          
            <para>Executable files can be run as a program</para>
            <para>Directories can be entered</para>
            </listitem>          
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>        

        <para>For more on changing the permissions for a file or folder, see <xref linkend="nautilus-permissions" />.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="nautilus-permissions">
      <title>Changing Permissions</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-430"/>
      
      <sect3 id="nautilus-permissions-file">    
        <title>Changing Permissions for a File</title>

        <indexterm>
          <primary>file manager</primary>
          <secondary>changing permissions</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>permissions</primary>
          <secondary>changing file</secondary>
        </indexterm>      
        <para>To change the permissions of a file, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the file that you want to change. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The <link linkend="nautilus-properties">properties window</link> for the item is displayed.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Click on the <guilabel>Permissions</guilabel> tab.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To change the file's group, choose from the groups the user belongs to in the drop-down selector.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>          
            <para>For each of the owner, the group, and all other users, choose from these permissions for the file:</para>
            <variablelist>
              <varlistentry><term>None</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>No access to the file is possible. (You can't set this for the owner.)</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>Read-only</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>The users can open a file to see its contents, but not make any changes.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>Read and write</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>Normal access to a file is possible: it can be opened and saved.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
            </variablelist>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To allow a file to be run as a program, select <guilabel>Execute</guilabel></para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>   
      </sect3>    

      <sect3 id="nautilus-permissions-folder">    
        <title>Changing Permissions for a Folder</title>
        
        <para>To change the permissions of a folder, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the folder that you want to change. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The <link linkend="nautilus-properties">properties window</link> for the item is displayed.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Click on the <guilabel>Permissions</guilabel> tab.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To change the folder's group, choose from the groups the user belongs to in the drop-down selector.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>          
            <para>For each of the owner, the group, and all other users, choose from these folder access permissions:</para>
            <variablelist>
              <varlistentry><term>None</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>No access to the folder is possible. (You can't set this for the owner.)</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>List files only</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>The users can see the items in the folder, but not open any of them.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>Access files</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>Items in the folder can be opened and modified, provided their own permissions allow it.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>Create and delete files</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>The user can create new files and delete files in the folder, in addition to being able to access existing files.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
            </variablelist>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>  
       
        <para>To set permissions for all the items contained in a folder, set the <guilabel>File Access</guilabel> and <guilabel>Execute</guilabel> properties and click on <guibutton>Apply permissions to enclosed files</guibutton>.</para>
      </sect3>           

    </sect2>
    
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-200">
      <title>Adding Notes to Files and Folders</title>
      <para>You can add notes to files or folders. You can add notes to files or
folders in the following ways:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>From the properties dialog</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>From <guilabel>Notes</guilabel> in the side pane</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <sect3 id="nautilus-notes">
        <title>To Add a Note Using the Properties Dialog</title>
        <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
        <anchor id="gosnautilus-472"/>           
        <indexterm>
          <primary>notes</primary>
          <secondary>adding to files and folders</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>file manager</primary>
          <secondary>notes</secondary>
          <tertiary>adding</tertiary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>To add a note
to a file or folder, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the file or folder to which you want to add a note. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The <link linkend="nautilus-properties">properties window</link> for the item is displayed.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Click on the <guilabel>Notes</guilabel> tab. In the <guilabel>Notes</guilabel> tabbed section, type the note.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the properties
dialog. A note emblem is added to the file or folder.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
        <para><indexterm><primary>notes</primary><secondary>deleting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>file manager</primary><secondary>notes</secondary><tertiary>deleting</tertiary></indexterm>To delete a note, delete the note text from the <guilabel>Notes</guilabel> tabbed section.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-473">
        <title>To Add a Note Using Notes in the Side Pane</title>
        <para>To add a note to a file or folder, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Open the file or folder to which you want to add a note in
the view pane.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <guilabel>Notes</guilabel> from the drop-down list
at the top of the side pane. To display the side pane, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Side Pane</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Type the note in the side pane. A note emblem is added to
the file or folder in the view pane, and a note icon is added to the side
pane. You can click on this icon to display the note.</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
        <para>To delete a note, delete the note text from <guilabel>Notes</guilabel>
in the side pane.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-bookmarks">
      <title>Using Bookmarks For Your Favorite Locations</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-36"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>bookmarks</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can keep a list of <firstterm>bookmarks</firstterm> in <application>Nautilus</application>: folders and other locations that you frequently need to open.</para>
      <para>Your bookmarks are listed in the following places:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
    	  <listitem><para>The <guimenu>Places</guimenu> menu on the top panel.</para></listitem>
    	  <listitem><para>The <guimenu>Places</guimenu> menu in a folder window.</para></listitem>
    	  <listitem><para>The <guimenu>Bookmarks</guimenu> menu in a <application>Nautilus</application> browser window.</para></listitem>
    	  <listitem><para>The side pane in the <link linkend="filechooser-open"><guilabel>Open File</guilabel> dialog</link>. This allows you to quickly open a file that is in one of your bookmarked locations.</para></listitem>
    	  <listitem><para>The list of commonly used locations in the <link linkend="filechooser-save"> <guilabel>Save File</guilabel> dialog</link>. This allows you to quickly save a file to a location you have in your bookmarks.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      
      <para>To open an item that is in your bookmarks, choose the item from a menu.</para>

      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-40">
        <title>Adding a Bookmark</title>
        <para>To add a bookmark, open the folder or location that you want to bookmark, then choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add Bookmark</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        <para>If you are using a <application>Nautilus</application> browser window, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Bookmarks</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add Bookmark</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-41">
        <title>To Edit a Bookmark</title>
        <para>To edit your bookmarks perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Edit Bookmarks</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, or in a browser window, <menuchoice><guimenu>Bookmarks</guimenu><guimenuitem>Edit Bookmarks</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. An <guilabel>Edit Bookmarks</guilabel>
dialog is displayed. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Select the bookmark on the left side of
the <guilabel>Edit Bookmarks</guilabel> dialog. Edit the details for the bookmark
on the right side of the <guilabel>Edit Bookmarks</guilabel> dialog, as follows:</para>
            <informaltable frame="topbot">
              <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
                <colspec colwidth="27.27*"/>
                <colspec colwidth="72.73*"/>
                <thead>
                  <row rowsep="1">
                    <entry>
                      <para>Dialog Element</para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry>
                      <para>Description </para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <row>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Name</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>Use this text box to specify the name that identifies the
bookmark in the menus.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Location</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>Use this field to specify the location of the bookmark.</para>
                      <para>Folders on your system use the <uri>file:///</uri> URI.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                </tbody>
              </tgroup>
            </informaltable>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>To delete a bookmark, select the bookmark on the left side
of the dialog. Click <guilabel>Delete</guilabel>. </para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-trash">
      <title>Using Trash</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-44"/>         
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_trash_launcher.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>Trash icon, empty.</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Trash</primary>
        <secondary>introduction</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>Trash is a special folder that holds files that you no longer want to keep.
Files in the Trash are not deleted permanently until you empty the trash. This two-stage process is in 
case you change your mind, or accidentally remove the wrong file.</para>
      <para>You can move the following items to <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Files</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Folders</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Desktop objects</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>If you need to retrieve a file from <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>, you
can display <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> and move the file out of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>. When you empty <guilabel>Trash</guilabel>, you delete the
contents of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> permanently. </para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-107">
        <title>To Display Trash</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>Trash</primary>
          <secondary>displaying</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>You can display the contents of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> in the following
ways:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>From a file browser window</para>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Go</guimenu><guimenuitem>Trash</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The contents of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> are displayed in
the window.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>From a spatial window</para>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Trash</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The contents of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> are
displayed in the window.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>From the desktop</para>
            <para>Double-click on the <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> object on the desktop.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-108">
        <title>To Empty Trash</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>Trash</primary>
          <secondary>emptying</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>You can empty the contents of <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> in the following
ways:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>From a file browser window</para>
            <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Empty
Trash</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>From the desktop</para>
            <para>Right-click on the <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> object, then choose <guimenuitem>Empty Trash</guimenuitem>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
   <caution>
    <para>When you empty trash, you destroy all files in the trash. Be sure that the trash only contains files
you no longer need.
    </para>
   </caution>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-hidden-files">
      <title>Hidden Files</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>hidden</primary>
        <secondary>files</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>By default, <application>Nautilus</application> does not display certain system and backup files in folders. This prevents accidental modification or deletion of them, which  can impair the operation of your computer, and also reduces clutter in locations such as your Home Folder. Nautilus does not display:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem><para>Hidden files, whose filename begins with a period (.),</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Backup files, whose filename ends with a tilde (~)</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>Files that are listed in a particular folder's <filename>.hidden</filename> file.</para></listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      
      <para>You may hide or show hidden files in a particular folder by selecting <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Show Hidden Files</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      
      <para>To set <application>Nautilus</application> to always show hidden files, see  <xref linkend="nautilus-preferences"/>.</para>

      <sect3 id="nautilus-managing-hidden-files">
        <title>Hiding a File or Folder</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>create</primary>
          <secondary>hidden</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>To hide a file or folder in <application>Nautilus</application>, either rename the file so its name begins with the period (.) character, or create a text file named <filename>.hidden</filename> in the same folder, and add its name to it, as in the example below:</para>
        <programlisting>filename
foldername</programlisting>
        <para>You may need to refresh the relevant <application>Nautilus</application> window to see the change: press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>R</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
      </sect3>
  </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <!-- ====================================================== File properties -->    

  <sect1 id="nautilus-properties">
    <title>Item Properties</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-51"/><!-- was: changing icon, but linked to from the GUI -->
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>properties</secondary>
    </indexterm>    
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>file properties</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>
      The <guilabel>Item Properties</guilabel> window shows more information about any file, folder, or other item in the file manager. With this window, you can also do the following:</para> 
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>Change the icon for an item: see <xref linkend="nautilus-icon"/>.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Add or remove emblems for an item: see <xref linkend="nautilus-emblems"/>.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Change the UNIX file permissions for an item: see <xref linkend="nautilus-permissions"/>.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Choose which application is used to open an item, and others of the same type.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Add notes to an item: see <xref linkend="nautilus-notes"/>.</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>To open the item properties window, perform the following steps:</para>
    <orderedlist>
	    <listitem><para>Select the item whose properties you want to examine or change. If you select more than one item, the properties window will show the properties that are in common to all items.</para></listitem>
	    <listitem>
	      <para>Do one of the following:</para>
  	      <itemizedlist>
        	  <listitem><para>Choose <menuchoice>
  <guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para></listitem>
            <listitem><para>Right-click on the selected item and choose <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>.</para></listitem>
            <listitem><para>Press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Return</keycap></keycombo>.</para></listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
	    </listitem>
    </orderedlist>
      
 

  </sect1>  

  
  
  <!-- ====================================================== Appearance -->  
  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-203">
    <title>Modifying the Appearance of Files and Folders</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>modifying appearance
of files and folders</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>The <application>Nautilus</application> file manager enables you to modify the appearance of your files and folders in several ways. You may customize the way files or folders look by attaching emblems or backgrounds to them. You can also change format in which <application>Nautilus</application> displays these items to you. The following sections describe how to do so.</para>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-550">
      <title>Icons and Emblems</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>icons</secondary>
        <tertiary>introduction</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>emblems</secondary>
        <see>emblems</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>emblems</primary>
        <secondary>introduction</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file manager displays your files and folders as icons. Depending on the type of the file the icon may be a image representative of the file type, a small thumbnail or preview showing the files contents. You can also add emblems to your file and folder icons. Such emblems appear in addition to the file icon and provide another means to manage your files. For example you can mark a file as important by adding an <guilabel>Important</guilabel> emblem to it, creating the following visual effect: </para>
<screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_emblem.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>File icon with Important emblem.</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      
      <para>Notice how the file on the left is distinguished from the file on the right by the addition of the <guilabel>Important (!)</guilabel> emblem to its icon. See <xref linkend="nautilus-emblems"/> for more on adding emblems.</para>
      <para>The file manager automatically applies emblems for the following types of files:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Symbolic links</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Items for which you have the following permissions:<indexterm><primary>permissions</primary><secondary>and emblems</secondary></indexterm></para>
          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>No read permission</para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>No write permission</para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>The following table shows the default emblems:</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Default Emblem</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_link_emblem.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>Symbolic link emblem.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><indexterm><primary>symbolic links</primary><secondary>and emblems</secondary></indexterm>Symbolic
link</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_nowrite_emblem.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>No write permission emblem.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>No write permission</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <screenshot>
                  <mediaobject>
                    <imageobject>
                      <imagedata fileref="figures/naut_noread_emblem.png" format="PNG"/>
                    </imageobject>
                    <textobject>
                      <phrase>No read permission emblem.</phrase>
                    </textobject>
                  </mediaobject>
                </screenshot>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>No read permission</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-icon">
      <title>Changing the Icon for a File or Folder</title> 
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>icons</secondary>
        <tertiary>changing</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To change the icon that represents an
individual file or folder, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the file or folder that you want to change.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The <link linkend="nautilus-properties">properties window</link> for the item is displayed. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>On the <guilabel>Basic</guilabel> tabbed section, click on
the current <guibutton>Icon</guibutton>. A <guilabel>Select custom 
icon</guilabel> dialog is displayed. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Use the <guilabel>Select custom icon</guilabel> dialog to choose
the icon to represent the file or folder. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the properties
dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>To restore an icon from a custom icon to the default icon,
Select the file or folder that you want to change, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
click on the <guibutton>Icon</guibutton> button, in the <guilabel>Select custom 
icon</guilabel> dialog click <guibutton>Revert</guibutton>.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-emblems">
      <title>Adding an Emblem to a File or Folder</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-112"/>       
      <indexterm>
        <primary>emblems</primary>
        <secondary>adding to file</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>emblems</primary>
        <secondary>adding to folder</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To add an emblem to an item perform the following
steps: </para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the item to which you want to add an emblem.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Right-click on the item, then choose <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>. The <link linkend="nautilus-properties">properties window</link> for the item is displayed.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guilabel>Emblems</guilabel> tab to display the <guilabel>Emblems</guilabel> tabbed section.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Select the emblem to add to the item.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the properties
dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>In browser windows you may also add emblems to items by dragging them from the emblem side pane.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-471">
      <title>Creating a New Emblem</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>emblems</primary>
        <secondary>adding new</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To Create a new emblem, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Backgrounds and Emblems</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guibutton>Emblem</guibutton> button, then click
on the <guibutton>Add a New Emblem</guibutton> button. A <guilabel>Create
a New Emblem</guilabel> dialog is displayed.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Type a name for the emblem in the <guilabel>Keyword</guilabel>
text box.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the <guilabel>Image</guilabel> button. A dialog is
displayed, click <guibutton>Browse</guibutton>. When you choose an emblem,
click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> on the <guilabel>Create a
New Emblem</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-backgrounds-and-emblems">
      <title>Changing Backgrounds</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-50"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>changing backgrounds</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>backgrounds</primary>
        <secondary>changing screen component</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file manager includes
backgrounds that you can use to change the look-and-feel of the following
screen components: </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Desktop</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Side pane and view pane of a file browser window</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Spatial mode windows</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Panels</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>To change the background of a screen component perform the following
steps: </para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Backgrounds and Emblems</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The <guilabel>Backgrounds
and Emblems</guilabel> dialog is displayed. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To display a list of patterns that you can use on the background,
click on the <guibutton>Patterns</guibutton> button. To display a list of
the colors that you can use on the background, click on the <guibutton>Colors</guibutton> button.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>To change the background to a pattern, drag the pattern to
the screen component. To change the background to a color, drag the color
to the screen component. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>To reset the background of the view pane or side pane to the default
background, right-click on the background of the pane, then choose <guimenuitem>Use Default Background</guimenuitem>.</para>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-63">
        <title>To Add a Pattern</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>backgrounds</primary>
          <secondary>adding patterns</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>To add a pattern to the patterns that you can use on your
screen components, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Backgrounds and Emblems</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Click on the <guibutton>Patterns</guibutton> button, then click on the <guibutton>Add a New Pattern</guibutton> button. A dialog is displayed. Use the dialog to find the new
pattern. Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to add the new pattern to the <guilabel>Backgrounds and Emblems</guilabel> dialog.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-64">
        <title>To Add a Color</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>backgrounds</primary>
          <secondary>adding colors</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>To add a color to the colors that you can use on your screen
components, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Backgrounds and Emblems</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Click on the <guibutton>Colors</guibutton> button, then click on the <guibutton>Add a New Color</guibutton>
button. A color selector dialog is displayed. Use the color wheel or the sliders
to choose the color. Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to add the new color
to the <guilabel>Backgrounds and Emblems</guilabel> dialog.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>    
  </sect1>  
  
  <!-- ====================================================== Removable media -->    
  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-460">
    <title>Using Removable Media</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>removable media</primary>
      <secondary>introduction</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>The file manager supports all removable media that have
the following characteristics: </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>The removable media has an entry in the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file. The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file describes the file
systems that the computer uses.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>The <literal>user</literal> option is specified in the entry
for the removable media in the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-462">
      <title>To Mount Media</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>removable media</primary>
        <secondary>mounting</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To <firstterm>mount</firstterm> media is to make the file
system of the media available for access. When you mount media, the file system
of the media is attached as a subdirectory to your file system.</para>
      <para>To mount media, insert the media in the appropriate device. An object
that represents the media is added to the desktop. The object is added only
if your system is configured to mount the device automatically when media
is detected. </para>
      <para>If your system is not configured to mount the device automatically,
you must mount the device manually. Double-click on the <guilabel>Computer</guilabel> icon from the desktop. A <guilabel>Computer </guilabel> dialog
is displayed. Double-click on the object that represents the media. For example,
to mount a floppy diskette, double-click on the <guilabel>Floppy</guilabel>
object. An object that represents the media is added to the desktop. </para>
      <note>
        <para>You cannot change the name of a removable media object.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-461">
      <title>To Display Media Contents</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>removable media</primary>
        <secondary>displaying media contents</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can display media contents in any of the
following ways: </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Double-click on the object that represents the media on the
desktop. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Right-click on the object that represents the media on the
desktop, then choose <guimenuitem>Open</guimenuitem>. </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>A file manager window displays the contents of the media. To reload
the display, click on the <guibutton>Reload</guibutton> button.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-463">
      <title>To Display Media Properties</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>removable media</primary>
        <secondary>displaying media properties</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To display the properties of removable media,
right-click on the object that represents the media on the desktop, then choose <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>. A dialog displays the properties of the media.</para>
      <para>To close the properties dialog, click <guibutton>Close</guibutton>.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-469">
      <title>To Format a Floppy Disk</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>removable media</primary>
        <secondary>formatting floppy
diskette</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To <firstterm>format</firstterm> media
is to prepare the media for use. You can use
the file manager to format floppy disks.</para>

   <warning>
    <title>Warning</title>
    <para>
     When you format, you destroy all files on your floppy disk. Do not format floppies
     containing files you wish to keep.
    </para>
   </warning>

   <para>To format a floppy disk, right-click on the object that represents the floppy on
the desktop, then choose <guimenuitem>Format</guimenuitem>. A <guilabel>Floppy
Formatter</guilabel> dialog is displayed. See the <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:gfloppy?usage">Floppy
Formatter</ulink> documentation for more details.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-464">
      <title>To Eject Media</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>removable media</primary>
        <secondary>ejecting</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To eject media, right-click on the media object on the desktop,
then choose <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem>. If the drive for the media is
a motorized drive, the media is ejected from the drive. If the drive for the
media is not motorized, wait until the desktop object for the media disappears,
then eject the media manually.</para>
      <para>You cannot eject media from a motorized drive when the media is mounted.
To eject media, first unmount the media. To remove a floppy diskette from
the drive, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Close all file manager windows, <application>Terminal</application>
windows, and any other windows that access the diskette. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Right-click on the object that represents the diskette on
the desktop, then choose <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem>. The desktop object
for the diskette disappears.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Eject the diskette from the drive.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
          <caution>
            <para>You must unmount removable media before ejecting. Do not eject a diskette from the drive before you unmount
the diskette. Do not remove a USB flash drive before you unmount the flash drive. If you do not unmount the media first you might lose data.</para>
          </caution>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="nautilus-cdwriter">
    <title>Writing CDs or DVDs</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-475"/>    
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>writing CDs</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>CDs, writing</primary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>writing CDs</primary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>burning CDs</primary>
      <see>writing CDs</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>Writing to a CD or DVD may be useful for backing up your important documents. To do this, your computer must have a CD or DVD writer.    
    </para>
    <tip><para>A simple way to check what sort of CD or DVD drive your computer has is to choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Computer</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the top panel menubar. If the icon for your CD drive has terms like "CD-RW" or "DVD(+-)R" in its label, then your computer is able to write discs.</para></tip>
    
    <para>You can start choosing files to burn to a disc at any time. The file manager provides
a special folder for files and folders that you wish to write to a CD or DVD. From there you can easily write all of the content (which you place in this special folder) to a CD or DVD.</para>

    <sect2 id="nautilus-cdwriter-data">
      <title>Creating Data Discs</title>
    <para>To write a CD or DVD, perform the following steps:</para>
    <orderedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>In a folder window menubar, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>CD/DVD Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The file manager opens the CD/DVD Creator folder.</para>
        <note><para>In a File Browser window, this item is in the <guimenu>Go</guimenu> menu.</para></note>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Drag the files and folders that you want to write to CD or DVD to
the CD/DVD Creator folder.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Insert a writable CD or DVD into the CD/DVD writer device on your system.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Press the <guibutton>Write to Disc</guibutton> button, or choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Write to CD/DVD</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. A <guilabel>Write to Disc</guilabel> dialog is displayed.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Use the <guilabel>Write to Disc</guilabel>
dialog to specify how you want to write the CD, as follows:</para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colwidth="50*"/>
            <colspec colwidth="50*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>Dialog Element</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>Description</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Write disc to</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select the device to which you want to write the
CD from the drop-down list. To create an CD image file, select the <guilabel>File image</guilabel> option. A CD image file is a normal file that contains all of the data in the same format as a CD, that you can write to a CD later.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Disc name</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Type a name for the CD in the text box.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Data size</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Shows the size of the data to be written to disc.
The blank disk must be at least this size.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Write speed</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select the speed at which you want to write the
CD from the drop-down list.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Click on the <guibutton>Write</guibutton> button. </para>
        <para>If you selected the <guilabel>File image</guilabel> option from the <guilabel>Target to write to</guilabel> drop-down list, a <guilabel>Choose a filename
for the disc image</guilabel> dialog is displayed. Use the dialog to specify
the location where you want to save the disc image file. By default, disc image
files have a <filename>.iso</filename> file extension.</para>
        <para>A <guilabel>Writing disc</guilabel> dialog is displayed. This process takes some time. When the disc is
written or when the disc image file is created, a message to indicate that the
process is complete is displayed in the dialog.</para>
      </listitem>
    </orderedlist>
    <tip><para>You can set the CD/DVD Creator folder to open automatically when you instert a blank disc. See <application>Removable Drives and Media Preferences</application>.</para></tip>
    <note><para>The filesystem written to the CD will be readable with long filenames on all recent operating systems. Both the Joliet and the Rock Ridge CD-ROM filesystem extensions are used.</para></note>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-cdwriter-copy">
      <title>Copying CDs or DVDs</title>
        <para>You can create a copy of a CD or DVD, either to another disc or to an image file stored on your computer. To create a copy, perform the following steps:</para>
        <orderedlist>
          <listitem><para>Insert the disc you want to copy.</para></listitem>               
          <listitem><para>Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Computer</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the top panel menubar.</para></listitem>       
          <listitem><para>Right-click on the CD icon, and choose <guimenuitem>Copy Disc</guimenuitem>.</para></listitem>       
          <listitem><para>The <guilabel>Write to Disc</guilabel> dialog is displayed.</para></listitem>  
        </orderedlist>
        <para>If you have only one drive with write capabilities, the process will first create a disc image file on your computer. It will then eject the original disk, and ask you to change it for a blank disk on which to write the copy.</para>
        <tip><para>If you want to create more than one copy, choose the Image File option on the <guilabel>Write to Disc</guilabel> and then write the disc image: see <xref linkend="nautilus-cdwriter-writeimage"/>.</para></tip>

    </sect2>    
    <sect2 id="nautilus-cdwriter-writeimage">
      <title>Creating a Disc from an Image File</title>
      <para>You can write a disc image to a CD or DVD. For example, you may have downloaded a disc image from the internet, or previously created one yourself. Disc images usually have a <filename>.iso</filename> file extension and are sometimes called iso files.</para>
        <para>To write a disc image, right-click on the disc image file, then choose <guimenuitem>Write to Disc</guimenuitem> from the popup menu.</para>      
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-515">
    <title>Navigating Remote Servers</title>
    <para>The <application>Nautilus</application> file manager provides an integrated
access point to your files, applications, FTP sites, Windows shares, WebDav servers and SSH servers.</para>  
    <sect2 id="nautilus-server-connect">
      <title>To Access a remote server</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-37"/>      
      <!-- MOVE THIS ANCHOR -->
      <!-- To Add a Network Server -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-466"/>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>FTP sites</primary>
        <secondary>accessing</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>FTP sites</secondary>
        <see>FTP sites</see>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can use the file manager to access
a remote server, be it an FTP site, a Windows share, a WebDav server or an SSH server.</para>
<para>To access a remote server, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
You may also access this dialog from the menubar by choosing <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
<para>In the <guilabel>Connect to Server</guilabel> dialog, you may click on the <guibutton>Browse network</guibutton> button to close this dialog and view services available on your network in a <application>Nautilus</application> window.</para>
<para>To connect to a remote server, start by choosing the service type, then enter the server address.</para>
<para>If required by your server, you may provide the following optional information : </para>
            <informaltable frame="topbot">
              <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
                <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="27.27*"/>
                <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="72.73*"/>
                <thead>
                  <row rowsep="1">
                    <entry>
                      <para>Dialog Element</para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry>
                      <para>Description</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <row>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Port</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>Port to connect to on the server. This should only be used if it is necessary to
change the default port, you would normally leave this blank.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry valign="top">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Folder</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry valign="top">
                        <para>Folder to open upon connecting to server.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry colname="colspec0">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>User Name</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry colname="colspec1">
                      <para>The user name of the account used to connect to the server.
This should be supplied with the connexion information if needed.
The user name information is not appropriate for a public FTP connexion.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry colname="colspec0">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Name to use for connection</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry colname="colspec1">
                      <para>The designation of the connexion as it will appear in the file manager.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry colname="colspec0">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Share</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry colname="colspec1">
                      <para>Name of desired windows share. This is only applicable to Windows shares.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry colname="colspec0">
                      <para>
                        <guilabel>Domain name</guilabel>
                      </para>
                    </entry>
                    <entry colname="colspec1">
                      <para>Windows domain. This is only applicable to Windows shares.</para>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                </tbody>
              </tgroup>
            </informaltable>
<para>If the server information is provided in the form of a URI, or you require a specialized connection, choose <menuchoice><guimenuitem>Custom Location</guimenuitem></menuchoice> as the service type.</para>
<para>Once you have filled in the information, click on
the <guibutton>Connect</guibutton> button. When the connection succeeds, the contents of the site are displayed and you may drag and drop files to and from the remote server.</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="nautilus-accessnetwork">
      <title>To Access Network Places</title>
      <!-- MOVE THIS ANCHOR -->
      <!-- To Add a Network Server -->
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-508"/>
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-509"/>
      <anchor id="gosnautilus-465"/>      
      <indexterm>
        <primary>network places</primary>
        <secondary>accessing</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>network places</secondary>
        <see>network places</see>
      </indexterm>
      <para>If your system is configured
to access places on a network, you can use the file manager to access the
network places. </para>
      <para>To access network places, open the file manager and choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Network Servers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. A window opens that displays the network places that you
can access. Double-click on the network that you want to access. </para>
      <para><indexterm><primary>NFS servers</primary><see>Unix network</see></indexterm>To
access UNIX shares, double-click on the <guilabel>Unix Network (NFS) </guilabel>
object. A list of the UNIX shares available to you is displayed in the file
manager window.</para>
      <para><indexterm><primary>Samba servers</primary><see>Windows network</see></indexterm>To access Windows shares, double-click on the <guilabel>Windows
Network (SMB) </guilabel> object. A list of the Windows shares available to
you is displayed in the file manager window.</para>
    </sect2>
    <!-- special URIs by and large obsolete or at least arcane -->
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-467">
      <title>Accessing Special URI Locations</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>special URI locations</primary>
        <secondary>accessing</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>special URI
locations</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>URI, special</primary>
        <see>special URI locations</see>
      </indexterm>
      <para>Nautilus has certain special URI locations that enable you to access particular functions from the file manager. For example, to access fonts, you can access the <command>fonts:///</command> URI in a file manager window.</para>
      <para>These are intended for advanced users: in most cases, an easier method of accessing the function or location exists.</para>
      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-479"/> lists the special URI locations that you can
use with the file manager.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-479">
        <title>Special URI Locations</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="33.94*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="66.06*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>URI Location</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <command>fonts:///</command>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Displays all the fonts that are
available in your system. To preview a font, double-click on the font. You
can also use this location to add fonts to the GNOME Desktop.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <command>burn:///</command>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>This is a special location where you can copy files and folders that you want to write
to a CD. From here you can write the contents of the location to a CD easily. See also <xref linkend="nautilus-cdwriter"/>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <command>network:///</command>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Displays network locations to
which you can connect, if your system is configured to access locations on
a network. To access a network location, double-click on the network location.
You can also use this URI to add network locations to your system. See also <xref linkend="nautilus-accessnetwork"/>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <command>themes:///</command>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Displays all the themes that
are available in the GNOME Desktop. To apply a theme to the GNOME Desktop, double-click on the
theme. You can also use this location to add themes to the GNOME Desktop.</para>
                <para>Alternatively, set a theme with the <link linkend="prefs-theme"><application>Theme</application> preference tool</link>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>


	<!-- ============================================== prefs -->
  <sect1 id="nautilus-preferences">

    <title>Nautilus Preferences</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-15"/>
    <anchor id="gosnautilus-17"/>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.16 -->    
    <anchor id="prefs-filemanager"/>
    <anchor id="goscustdesk-84"/>        
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>customizing</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>preferences</secondary>
      <tertiary>introduction</tertiary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>preferences,
file manager</primary>
      <see>file manager preferences</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>Use the <guilabel>File Management Preferences</guilabel> dialog to customize the file manager to suit your requirements
and preferences.</para>
		<para>To display the <guilabel>File Management Preferences</guilabel> dialog, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. You can also access this dialog directly from the top panel Menubar
by choosing <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>File Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
    <para>You can set preferences in the following categories: </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>The default settings for views.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>The behavior of files and folders, executable text files,
and Trash.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>The information that is displayed in icon captions and the date format.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>The columns that appear in the list view and their order.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Preview options to improve the performance of the file manager.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-438">
      <title>Views Preferences</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>preferences</secondary>
        <tertiary>views</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can specify a default view,
and select sort options and display options. You can also specify default
settings for icon views and list views.</para>
      <para>To specify your default view settings,
choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Click on the <guilabel>Views</guilabel> tab to
display the <guilabel>Views</guilabel> tabbed section.</para>
      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-30"/> lists the views preferences that
you can modify. </para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-30">
        <title>Views Preferences</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Dialog Element</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>View new folders using</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Select the default view for folders. When you open
a folder, the folder is displayed in the view that you select. This can be either the icon view or the list view.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Arrange items</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Select the characteristic by which you want to sort
the items in folders that are displayed in this view.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Sort folders before files</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Select this option to list folders before
files when you sort a folder.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Show hidden and
backup files</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Select this option to display files that are normally not shown in folders. For more on hidden files, see <xref linkend="nautilus-hidden-files"/>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Icon View Default zoom level</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>There are two settings, one for the icon
view and one for the list view. Select the default zoom level for folders that are displayed
in this view. The zoom level specifies the size of items in a view.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Use compact layout</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Select
this option to arrange the items in icon view so that the items in the folder
are closer to each other.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Text beside icons</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Select this option to place the icon captions
for items beside the icon rather than under the icon.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Show only folders</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Select this option to display only folders in the <guilabel>Tree</guilabel> in the side pane.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-56">
      <title>Behavior Preferences</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>preferences</secondary>
        <tertiary>behavior</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To set your preferences for
files and folders, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Click on the <guilabel>Behavior</guilabel>
tab to display the <guilabel>Behavior</guilabel> tabbed section. You can set the following preferences:</para>

      <variablelist>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Single click to activate items</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to perform the default action
      for an item when you click on the item. When this option is selected, and
      you point to an item, the title of the item is underlined. </para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Double click to activate items</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to perform the default action for an item when you double-click
      on the item.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Always open in browser windows</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to use <application>Nautilus</application> in browser mode
      rather than spatial mode. Selecting this lets you browse your files and folders in the same window, otherwise you will navigate your files and folders as objects.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Run executable text files when they are clicked</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to run an text executable file when you choose
      the file. An executable text file is a text file that can execute, that
      is, a shell script.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>View executable text files when they are clicked</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to display the contents of an executable text file when you
      choose the executable text file.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Ask each time</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select
      this option to display a dialog when you choose an executable text file. The dialog
      asks whether you want to execute the file or display the file. </para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Ask before emptying the Trash or deleting files</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to display a confirmation message before <guilabel>Trash</guilabel> is emptied, or files are deleted. Leave this selected unless you have good reason not to.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
       	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><guilabel>Include a Delete command that bypasses Trash</guilabel></term>
      	  <listitem>
      	    <para>Select this option to add a <guimenuitem>Delete</guimenuitem> menu item to
      the following menus:</para>
                      <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem>
                          <para>The <guimenu>Edit</guimenu> menu.</para>
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                          <para>The popup menu that is displayed when you right-click on a
      file, folder, or desktop  object. </para>
                        </listitem>
                      </itemizedlist>
                      <para>When you select an item then choose the <guimenuitem>Delete</guimenuitem> menu item, the item is deleted from your file system
      immediately. There is no way to recover a deleted file. Do not select this unless you have good reason to.</para>
      	  </listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-439">
      <title>Display Preferences</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>icons</secondary>
        <tertiary>caption preferences</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>preferences</secondary>
        <tertiary>icon captions</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>An icon caption displays the name of a file or folder in
an icon view. The icon caption also includes three additional items of information
on the file or folder. The additional information is displayed after the file
name. Normally only one item of information is visible, but when you zoom
in on an icon, more of the information is displayed. You can modify what additional
information is displayed in icon captions. </para>
      <para>To set your preferences for icon captions, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
Click on the <guilabel>Display</guilabel> tab to display the <guilabel>Display</guilabel> tabbed section. </para>
      <para>Select the items of information that you want to display in the icon
caption from the three drop-down lists. Select the first item from the first
drop-down list, select the second item from the second drop-down list, and
so on. The following table describes the items of information that you can
select:</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Information</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Size</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the size of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Type</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the description of the MIME type of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Date modified</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose
this option to display the last modification date of  the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Date accessed</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose
this option to display the date that the item was last accessed.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Owner</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the owner of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Group</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the group to which the item belongs.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Permissions</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><indexterm><primary>permissions</primary><secondary>displaying as characters</secondary></indexterm>Choose
this option to display the permissions of the item as three sets of three
characters, for example <computeroutput>-rwxrw-r--</computeroutput>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Octal permissions</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><indexterm><primary>permissions</primary><secondary>displaying in octal notation</secondary></indexterm>Choose this option to display the permissions of the item in octal
notation, for example <computeroutput>764</computeroutput>. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>MIME type</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the MIME type of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>None</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
no information for the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
      The date <guilabel>Format</guilabel> option lets you choose how the date is displayed throughout Nautilus.
      </para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-490">
      <title>List Columns Preferences</title>
      <para>You can specify what information is displayed in list view in file manager
windows. You can specify which columns are displayed in list view, and the
order in which the columns are displayed.</para>
      <para>To set your preferences for list columns, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
Click on the <guilabel>List Columns</guilabel> tab to display the <guilabel>List Columns</guilabel> tabbed section. </para>
      <para>To specify a column to display in list view, select the option that
corresponds to the column, then click on the <guibutton>Show</guibutton> button.
To remove a column from the list view, select the option that corresponds
to the column, then click on the <guibutton>Hide</guibutton> button.</para>
      <para>Use the <guibutton>Move Up</guibutton> and <guibutton>Move Down</guibutton>
buttons to specify the position of columns in list view.</para>
      <para>To use the default columns and column positions, click on the <guibutton>Use Default</guibutton> button. </para>
      <para>The following table describes the columns that you can display:</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Information</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Name</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Choose this option to display the name of
the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Size</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the size of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Type</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the description of the MIME type of the item from the <application>File Types
and Programs</application> preference tool.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Date Modified</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose
this option to display the last modification date of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Date Accessed</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose
this option to display the date that the item was last accessed.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Group</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Choose this option to display the group to
which the item belongs.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>MIME type</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Choose this option to display the MIME type
of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Octal Permissions</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para><indexterm><primary>permissions</primary><secondary>displaying in octal notation</secondary></indexterm>Choose this
option to display the permissions of the item in octal notation, for example <computeroutput>764</computeroutput>. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Owner</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Choose this option to display
the owner of the item.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Permissions</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para><indexterm><primary>permissions</primary><secondary>displaying as characters</secondary></indexterm>Choose
this option to display the permissions of the item as three sets of three
characters, for example <computeroutput>-rwxrw-r--</computeroutput>.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-60">
      <title>Preview Preferences</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>file manager</primary>
        <secondary>preferences</secondary>
        <tertiary>preview</tertiary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The file manager include some
file preview features. The preview features can affect the speed with which
the file manager responds to your requests. You can modify the behavior of
some of these features to improve the speed of the file manager. For each
preview preference, you can select one of the options described in the following
table:</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Option</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Always</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Performs the action for both local files, and files
on other file systems.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Local Files Only</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Performs the action for local files only.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Never</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Never performs the action. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>To set your preview preferences, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Click on the <guilabel>Preview</guilabel> tab dialog to display the <guilabel>Preview</guilabel>
tabbed section. </para>
      <para><xref linkend="gosnautilus-TBL-41"/> lists the preview preferences that
you can modify.</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosnautilus-TBL-41">
        <title>Preview Preferences</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="35.09*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="64.91*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>Dialog Element</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>Description </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Show text in icons</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>Select an option to specify when to preview the
content of text files in the icon that represents the file. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Show thumbnails</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Select
an option to specify when to show thumbnails of image files. The file manager
stores the thumbnail files for each folder in a <filename>.thumbnails</filename>
directory in the user's Home Folder.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Only for files smaller than</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Specify the maximum
file size for files for which the file manager creates a thumbnail.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Preview sound
files</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>Select an option to specify when to preview sound files. </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec0">
                <para>
                  <guilabel>Count number of items</guilabel>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1">
                <para>Select an option to specify when to show the
number of items in folders. When in icon view, you might
need to increase your zoom level to see the number of items in each folder.</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </sect2>

  </sect1>
  
  <sect1 id="gosnautilus-440">
    <title>Extending Nautilus</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>file manager</primary>
      <secondary>running scripts</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>scripts, running from file manager</primary>
    </indexterm>
<para>Nautilus can be extended in two main ways. Through <application>Nautilus</application> extensions, and through scrips. This section explains the difference between the two and how to install.</para>
    <sect2 id="gosnautilus-444">
      <title>Nautilus Scripts</title>
      <para>Nautilus can run scripts. Scripts are typically simpler in operation than full <application>Nautilus</application> extensions and can be written in any scripted language capable of being executed on your computer. To run a script choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Scripts</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, then choose the script that you want to run from the submenu.</para>
      <para>To run a script on a particular file, select the file in the view pane.
Choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Scripts</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, then choose the script that you want to run on the file from
the submenu. You can also select multiple files to run your scripts on.</para>
      <para>You may also access scripts from the <!-- TODO link --> context menu.</para>
      <note>
        <para>If you do not have any scripts installed, the script menu will not appear.</para>
      </note>
      <sect3 id="gosnautilus-install-scripts">
      <title>Installing File Manager Scripts</title>
        <para>The file manager includes a special folder where you can
store your scripts. All executable files in this folder will appear in the Scripts menu. The script folder 
is located at $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts.</para>
        <para>To install a script, simply copy the script to the script folder and give it the user executable permission.</para>
      <para>To view the contents of your scripts folder, if you already have scripts installed, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guisubmenu>Scripts</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Open Scripts Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
You will have to navigate to the scripts folder with the file manager if you do not yet have any scripts. You may need to show hidden files for this, use <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Show Hidden Files</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>
<para>A good source to download <application>Nautilus</application> scripts is from the <ulink url="http://g-scripts.sourceforge.net"><citetitle>G-Scripts website</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gosnautilus-write-scripts">
      <title>Writing File Manager Scripts</title>
       <para>When executed from a local folder, scripts will be passed the selected file names. When 
executed from a remote folder (e.g. a folder showing web or ftp content), scripts will be passed no parameters.</para>
       <para>The following table shows variables passed to the script :</para>
       <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colwidth="50*"/>
            <colspec colwidth="50*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>Environment variable</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>Description</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>newline-delimited URIs for selected files</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>URI for current location</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>position and size of current window</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
    </sect3>
  </sect2>
  <sect2 id="nautilus-extensions">
    <title>Nautilus Extensions</title>
    <para><application>Nautilus</application> extensions are far more powerful than <application>Nautilus</application> scripts, allowing more freedom where and how they extend <application>Nautilus</application>. <application>Nautilus</application> extensions are typically installed by your system administrator.</para>
<para>Some popular <application>Nautilus</application> extensions include:
<orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>nautilus-actions</para>
          <para>This extension allows you to easily assign actions based on file type</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>nautilus-send-to</para>
          <para>This extension provides a simple way to send a file or folder to another using email, instant messaging, or Bluetooth.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>nautilus-open-terminal.</para>
          <para>This extension provides an easy way to open a terminal at the selected starting location.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
</para>
<note>
        <para>If you are looking for the <guilabel>Open Terminal</guilabel> command which used to exist in the <application>Nautilus</application> right click menu by default then you should install the <application>nautilus-open-terminal</application> extension.</para>
      </note>
  </sect2>
  </sect1>
</chapter>