From 58f99b54de73e660510f6339c2dfa6e27e9944ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Irene Ryan Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2004 16:43:08 +0000 Subject: New version of the Accessibility Guide to support GNOME 2.8. New appendix added on sys. admin and user tasks required to use ATs. --- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/accessintro.xml | 18 +- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/dtconfig.xml | 167 ++++---- .../C/gnome-access-guide-C.omf | 14 +- .../C/gnome-access-guide.xml | 29 +- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/keynav.xml | 164 ++++---- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/preface.xml | 49 ++- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/themes.xml | 181 +++++---- gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/troubleshooting.xml | 437 +++++++++++++++++++++ 8 files changed, 779 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-) create mode 100644 gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/troubleshooting.xml (limited to 'gnome2-accessibility-guide') diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/accessintro.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/accessintro.xml index c55bba5..98b3ac6 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/accessintro.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/accessintro.xml @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - Introduction to Accessibility This chapter introduces you to accessibility in the GNOME Desktop. @@ -8,13 +7,14 @@ people with disabilities to use the software easily and efficiently. Recent legislation such as Section 508 of the U.S. Rehabilitation Act heightens awareness of the need to provide accessible software. - The GNOME Desktop is easy to use and incorporates many accessibility -features. Every application and utility in the Desktop is designed with accessibility -and usability in mind. Users with physical disabilities such as low vision -or impaired motor skills can use all of the functionality of the Desktop thanks -to the customization tools that are available. The customization tools enable -you to customize the appearance and behavior of the Desktop. - The customizability of the Desktop contributes greatly to the accessibility. This manual describes the various customization options that -you can use to tailor the Desktop to suit your particular needs. + The GNOME Desktop is easy to use and incorporates many accessibility features. Every +application and utility in the GNOME Desktop is designed with accessibility and usability in mind. Users +with physical disabilities such as low vision or impaired motor skills can +use all of the functionality of the GNOME Desktop thanks to the customization tools that are available. The +customization tools enable you to customize the appearance and behavior of +the desktop environment. + The customizability of the GNOME Desktop contributes greatly to the accessibility of the desktop. +This manual describes the various customization options that you can use to +tailor the desktop to suit your particular needs. diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/dtconfig.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/dtconfig.xml index 267975b..8a6444b 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/dtconfig.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/dtconfig.xml @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - Configuring the Mouse and Keyboard This chapter describes how to configure the mouse and keyboard to make @@ -7,7 +6,8 @@ these devices accessible to more users. Configuring the Mouse Use the Mouse preference tool to configure the mouse to suit your needs. To open the Mouse preference -tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesMouse. +tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesMouse. The Mouse Preferences dialog is displayed. To Configure the Behavior of the Mouse @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ steps: Click on the Buttons tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog. - Use the Delay slider to specify the timeout -in seconds that the system allows between the two clicks of a double-click. + Use the Timeout slider to specify the +timeout in seconds that the system allows between the two clicks of a double-click. Double-click on the light bulb to the right of the slider @@ -50,6 +50,47 @@ for your needs. + + To Change the Size of the Cursor and Pointer + To change the size of the cursor and pointer that is displayed on the +desktop, perform the following steps: + + + Click on the Cursors tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog. + + + Select one of the following Cursor Size +options: + + + Small + + + Medium + + + Large + + + + + To complete this change, you must log out of your session +and log in again. + + + + + To Locate the Mouse Pointer + If you have difficulty locating the mouse pointer on the screen, you +can enable an option to highlight the pointer when you press the Control key. To enable this option, click on the Cursors tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog, then +select the Highlight the pointer when you press Ctrl +option. When you press Control, the system displays an animation +around the pointer to highlight the pointer. + + On some platforms, you must log out and log in again before this +setting takes effect. + + To Configure the Speed and Sensitivity of the Mouse To configure the speed and sensitivity of the mouse, perform the following @@ -95,70 +136,25 @@ action as a drag-and-drop action. - - To Locate the Mouse Pointer - If you have difficulty locating the mouse pointer on the screen, you -can enable an option to highlight the pointer when you press the Control key. To enable this option, click on the Cursors tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog, then -select the Show position of cursor when the Control key is pressed option. When you press Control, the system displays -an animation around the pointer to highlight the pointer. - - On some platforms, you must log out and log in again before this -setting takes effect. - - - To Configure the Mouse Pointer + To Configure the Cursor The following sections describe how to modify the display characteristics -of the pointer. - - To Change the Pointer - To select the type of pointer that is displayed on the Desktop, perform -the following steps: - - - Click on the Cursors tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog. - - - Select one of the following themes from the pointer themes -that are listed in the Cursor Theme list box: - - - Default Cursor - Displays the default black pointer. - - - White Cursor - Displays a white pointer that is the same size as the default pointer. - - - Large Cursor - Displays a large black pointer. - - - Large White Cursor - Displays a large white pointer. - - - - - To change the pointer theme, you must log out of your session -and log in again. - - - +of the cursor. To Stop the Cursor Blinking To stop the cursor blinking in text boxes and fields, perform the following steps: - Choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesKeyboard to start the Keyboard + Choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesKeyboard +to start the Keyboard preference tool. In the Keyboard tabbed section, deselect -the Blinks in text boxes and fields option. +the Cursor blinks in text boxes and fields option. @@ -174,10 +170,10 @@ information. Configuring the Keyboard Use the Keyboard Accessibility preference tool, also known as AccessX, to configure the keyboard -accessibility options. To start AccessX, choose -.ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesAccessibilityKeyboard. - The AccessX dialog enables you to customize -your keyboard in the following ways: +accessibility options. To start AccessX, choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesAccessibilityKeyboard. + The Keyboard Accessibility Preferences (AccessX) +dialog enables you to customize your keyboard in the following ways: To use the numeric keypad to emulate mouse actions. See . @@ -203,13 +199,12 @@ repeat rate of a keypress. See . - Before You Can Use AccessX in the Solaris™ Operating Environment - If you are using the GNOME Desktop for the Solaris™ 8 operating -environment or the Solaris 9 operating environment, you must enable XKB on -your system before you can use the AccessX preference -tool. + Before You Can Use AccessX onthe Solaris™ Operating System + If you are using the GNOME Desktop for the Solaris™ 8 operating +system or the Solaris 9 operating system, you must enable XKB on your system +before you can use the AccessX preference tool. - XKB is not currently supported on Sun Ray™ systems. + XKB is not currently supported on Sun Ray™ systems. To enable XKB on a non-Sun Ray Solaris system, perform the following steps: @@ -312,7 +307,8 @@ using a mouse or other pointing device. To enable and configure the mouse keys feature, perform the following steps: - Click on the Mouse tab to display the Mouse tabbed section. + Click on the Mouse Keys tab to display +the Mouse Keys tabbed section. Select the Enable Mouse Keys option. @@ -420,7 +416,7 @@ following functions: - - + − Mouse button 3 @@ -552,8 +548,8 @@ steps: Select the Enable Slow Keys option. To select or deselect this feature from the keyboard, press-and-hold Shift for eight seconds. This keyboard shortcut automatically selects -all of the slow keys options. If you selected the Beep when enabling/disabling -keyboard accessibility features option, after four seconds the +all of the slow keys options. If you selected the Beep when features +turned on or off from the keyboard option, after four seconds the system beeps three times to indicate that the system is about to select or deselect the feature. If you enable this feature from the keyboard, you must press-and-hold Shift for eight seconds again to disable the @@ -602,7 +598,6 @@ after x msecs setting. - To Enable the Bounce Keys Feature @@ -657,11 +652,11 @@ steps: Select the Enable Sticky Keys option. To enable the sticky keys feature from the keyboard, press Shift five times. This keyboard shortcut automatically selects all -of the sticky keys options. If you selected the Beep when enabling/disabling -keyboard accessibility features option, the system beeps to indicate -that the system is about to select or deselect the feature. If you enable -this feature from the keyboard, press Shift five times again -to disable the feature. +of the sticky keys options. If you selected the Beep when features +turned on or off from the keyboard option, the system beeps to +indicate that the system is about to select or deselect the feature. If you +enable this feature from the keyboard, press Shift five times +again to disable the feature. @@ -781,19 +776,27 @@ steps: Click on the Basic tab to display the Basic tabbed section. - Select the Repeat Keys option to enable -the repeat keys feature. + Select the Enable Repeat Keys +option to enable the repeat keys feature. - Use the Delay slider to specify the duration -for which you must press a key before the keyboard interprets the action as -a repeat key. If you have difficulty releasing keys, select a long time delay. + Use the Delay slider or spin box to specify +the duration for which you must press a key before the keyboard interprets +the action as a repeat key. If you have difficulty releasing keys, select +a long time delay. - Use the Speed slider to -specify the speed at which the keyboard repeats the keypress as input. + Use the Speed slider or spin box to specify +the speed at which the keyboard repeats the keypress as input. + + Using the Keyboard Accessibility Status Applet + The Keyboard Accessibility Status applet +shows the status of the keyboard accessibility features. The applet displays +icons to indicate which keyboard accessibility features are enabled in the Keyboard Accessibility preference tool. + To add the applet to a panel, right-click on the panel, then choose Add to PanelAccessoriesKeyboard Accessibility Status. + diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide-C.omf b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide-C.omf index 604344c..bba82c5 100755 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide-C.omf +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide-C.omf @@ -2,26 +2,26 @@ - docs@gnome.org Sun Microsystems + gdocteam@sun.com (Sun Java Desktop System Documentation Team) - docs@gnome.org Sun Microsystems + gdocteam@sun.com (Sun Java Desktop System Documentation Team) Accessibility Guide - 2004-03-16 + 2004-09-09 - + - Accessibility Guide for the GNOME 2.6 Desktop + Accessibility Guide for the GNOME 2.8 Desktop accessibility guide @@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ + holder="Sun Microsystems, Inc."/> diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide.xml index ca2a7d8..48c524a 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/gnome-access-guide.xml @@ -1,15 +1,18 @@ - - + + + + + + ]> GNOME &gnomeversion; Desktop Accessibility Guide @@ -18,7 +21,7 @@ 2004 2003 2002 - Sun Microsystems + Sun Microsystems, Inc. - GNOME Documentation Project + GNOME Documentation Project &LEGAL; - Sun - GNOME Documentation Team + &author1; + &author2; - Sun Microsystems + Sun Microsystems, Inc. @@ -45,6 +48,14 @@ GNOME &gnomeversion; Desktop Accessibility Guide V&manrevision; &date; + + Sun Microsystems, Inc. + GNOME Documentation Project + + + + GNOME 2.6 Desktop Accessibility Guide V2.6.0 + March 2004 Sun Microsystems GNOME Documentation Project @@ -97,4 +108,4 @@ &dtconfig; &keynav; &themes; - +&troubleshooting; diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/keynav.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/keynav.xml index 859fd49..6df8281 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/keynav.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/keynav.xml @@ -1,13 +1,12 @@ - Using the Keyboard to Navigate the Desktop - This chapter describes how to navigate the Desktop from the keyboard -only. Users who have difficulty using a mouse or other pointing device can -navigate and use the Desktop from the keyboard. + This chapter describes how to navigate the GNOME Desktop from the keyboard only. Users who have difficulty using +a mouse or other pointing device can navigate and use the desktop from the +keyboard. Introduction to Keyboard Navigation This section describes the essential keyboard shortcuts to enable you -to navigate the Desktop from the keyboard. +to navigate the desktop from the keyboard. You can customize some of the keyboard shortcuts that are described in this chapter. The text indicates the shortcuts that you can customize. See for information about how to customize keyboard @@ -15,9 +14,9 @@ shortcuts. Essential Keyboard Shortcuts The following table lists the essential keyboard shortcuts that you -can use to navigate the Desktop. The keyboard shortcuts that you use to navigate -specific Desktop elements and controls are described in the appropriate sections -of this chapter. +can use to navigate the desktop. The keyboard shortcuts that you use to navigate +specific elements and controls are described in the appropriate sections of +this chapter. @@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ of this chapter. - Give focus to the next Desktop element or control. + Give focus to the next element or control. @@ -49,9 +48,8 @@ of this chapter. Reverse -the navigation direction and give focus to the previous Desktop element or -control. In general, the Shift key reverses the navigation -direction. +the navigation direction and give focus to the previous element or control. +In general, the Shift key reverses the navigation direction. @@ -72,8 +70,8 @@ press ShiftCtrlTab< arrow keys - Navigate within a Desktop element -or control. + Navigate within an element or +control. @@ -105,7 +103,7 @@ is the equivalent of clicking on the button with a mouse. Global Keyboard Shortcuts The following table lists the keyboard shortcuts that you can use from -any part of the Desktop. +any part of the GNOME Desktop. @@ -173,9 +171,9 @@ currently has focus. - If the focused Desktop element -is an application window or dialog, this keyboard shortcut opens the online -help for the application. + If the focused element is an +application window or dialog, this keyboard shortcut opens the online help +for the application. @@ -184,9 +182,8 @@ help for the application. If -the focused Desktop element is a panel or application window, this keyboard -shortcut switches the display of tooltips for the window or panel objects -on and off. +the focused element is a panel or application window, this keyboard shortcut +switches the display of tooltips for the window or panel objects on and off. @@ -195,7 +192,7 @@ on and off. Open -a popup menu for the Desktop element that has focus, if a popup menu exists. +a popup menu for the element that has focus, if a popup menu exists. @@ -205,12 +202,11 @@ a popup menu for the Desktop element that has focus, if a popup menu exists. Navigating the Desktop Background - The desktop background is the part of the Desktop where there are no -interface items or applications, such as panels and windows. The following -table lists the keyboard shortcuts that you can use to navigate the desktop -background and the desktop background objects. A desktop background object -is an icon on the desktop background that you can use to open files, folders, -or applications. + The desktop background is the part of the GNOME Desktop where there are no interface items or applications, such +as panels and windows. The following table lists the keyboard shortcuts that +you can use to navigate the desktop background and the desktop background +objects. A desktop background object is an icon on the desktop background +that you can use to open files, folders, or applications. @@ -318,11 +314,10 @@ the Desktop Background menu. Navigating Panels - A panel is an area on the Desktop from which you can run special programs, -applications, and applets. The most common panel is the Menu Panel, which -stretches the full width of the top edge of the Desktop. The following table -lists the keyboard shortcuts that you can use to navigate panels and panel -objects. + A panel is an area from which you can run special programs, applications, +and applets. The most common panel is the Menu Panel, which stretches the +full width of the top edge of the desktop. The following table lists the keyboard +shortcuts that you can use to navigate panels and panel objects. @@ -507,7 +502,7 @@ a move operation takes place. - + Portion of a panel with three objects displayed in the following order from left to right: geyes icon, Volume Control icon, and Help icon. @@ -521,7 +516,7 @@ panel object. - + Portion of a panel with three objects displayed in the following order from left to right: geyes icon, Volume Control icon, and Help icon. @@ -534,7 +529,7 @@ ahead of the object that you are moving. - + Portion of a panel with three objects displayed in the following order from left to right: geyes icon, Volume Control icon, and Help icon. @@ -548,7 +543,7 @@ panel objects as you meet the objects. - + Portion of a panel with three objects displayed in the following order from left to right: Volume Control icon, Help icon, and geyes icon. @@ -751,7 +746,7 @@ how to navigate menus. Navigating Your Workspaces A workspace is a discrete area in which you can work. You can have many -workspaces on your Desktop and you can switch from one workspace to another. +workspaces on your desktop and you can switch from one workspace to another. Each workspace can contain different windows and processes. The following table lists the keyboard shortcuts that you can use to navigate workspaces. @@ -893,7 +888,8 @@ the window. Linux:AltF9 - Minimize the window. + Minimize +the window. @@ -1071,7 +1067,7 @@ restore the window to the original size. A paned window is a window that is split into two or more panes. The Help browser and the Nautilus file manager are examples of applications that use paned windows. -
+
Example of a Paned Window @@ -1079,7 +1075,7 @@ examples of applications that use paned windows. - + Nautilus File Manager window. Contains a side pane, view pane, and a resize handle between the panes. @@ -1219,8 +1215,8 @@ had focus. Navigating Applications An application is any program, utility, or other software package that -you run on your Desktop. Applications comprise the following standard user -interface components: +you run in your desktop environment. Applications comprise the following standard +user interface components: Windows @@ -1253,13 +1249,13 @@ that are available. shortcuts that you can use to start using applications and dialogs. Essential Keyboard Shortcuts for Navigating Applications - Since there are many applications that you can use in the Desktop, this -manual does not describe the keyboard shortcuts that you can use to navigate -all of the different applications. However, the basic keyboard shortcuts are -common to all applications. Access keys also provide an efficient way to navigate -an application from the keyboard. An access key is identified by an underlined -letter on a menu or control. In some cases, you must press Alt -in combination with the access key to perform an action. + Since there are many applications that you can use in the GNOME Desktop, this manual does not describe the keyboard shortcuts that +you can use to navigate all of the different applications. However, the basic +keyboard shortcuts are common to all applications. Access keys also provide +an efficient way to navigate an application from the keyboard. An access key +is identified by an underlined letter on a menu or control. In some cases, +you must press Alt in combination with the access key to +perform an action. The following table lists the essential keyboard shortcuts that you can use to navigate applications. @@ -1420,20 +1416,19 @@ dialog. - Navigating Nautilus File Manager - The Nautilus file manager window contains -several components and there are different keyboard shortcuts defined to navigate -each component. The following graphic illustrates the name and location of -each component. -
- Nautilus File Manager Window Components + Navigating the File Manager + The file manager window contains several components and there are different +keyboard shortcuts defined to navigate each component. The following graphic +illustrates the name and location of each component. +
+ File Manager Window Components - + File Manager window. Contains menubar, toolbar, location bar, Zoom buttons, side pane with tabs, and view pane. @@ -1741,7 +1736,7 @@ close. To Navigate Buttons A button is a control that you use to start an action. Most buttons are rectangular and contain a text label. -
+
Sample Button @@ -1749,7 +1744,7 @@ are rectangular and contain a text label. - + Close button. @@ -1801,7 +1796,7 @@ focus or, if no button has focus, perform the default action for the dialog.To Navigate Radio Buttons A radio button is a control that you use to select one of several mutually-exclusive options. -
+
Sample Radio Button @@ -1809,7 +1804,7 @@ options. - + Two sample radio buttons. @@ -1847,7 +1842,7 @@ in the group. To Navigate Check Boxes A check box is a control that you use to select or deselect an option. -
+
Sample Check Box @@ -1855,7 +1850,7 @@ in the group. - + Sample check box. @@ -1894,7 +1889,7 @@ navigate a check box. To Navigate Text Boxes Text boxes are controls in which you type text. -
+
Sample Single Line Text Box @@ -1902,7 +1897,7 @@ navigate a check box. - + Sample text box with one input line. @@ -2209,7 +2204,7 @@ end of the next paragraph. To Navigate Spin Boxes A spin box is a control that allows you to type a numeric value or select a value from a list of all possible values. -
+
Sample Spin Box @@ -2217,7 +2212,7 @@ a value from a list of all possible values. - + Sample spin box. Contains a text box and up and down arrows. @@ -2268,7 +2263,7 @@ or Page Down A drop-down list is a control that you use to select one of several available items. The drop-down list contains a button that you use to display the available items. -
+
Sample Drop-Down List Box @@ -2276,7 +2271,7 @@ the available items. - + Sample drop-down list box. @@ -2356,7 +2351,7 @@ the selection. To Navigate Drop-Down Combination Boxes A drop-down combination box is a text box with a drop-down list attached. -
+
Sample Drop-Down Combination Box @@ -2364,7 +2359,7 @@ the selection. - + Sample drop-down combination box. Contains a text box and an arrow button that you click to display the drop-down list. @@ -2537,7 +2532,7 @@ and close the drop-down list. To Navigate Sliders A slider is a control that you use to set a value in a continuous range of values. -
+
Sample Slider @@ -2545,7 +2540,7 @@ of values. - + Sample slider. Displays a slider control that you can move left or right. @@ -2635,7 +2630,7 @@ value. To Navigate Tabbed Sections -
+
Sample Dialog with Tabbed Sections @@ -2643,7 +2638,7 @@ value. - + Editing profile dialog from the GNOME Terminal application. Contains six tabbed sections. @@ -2999,7 +2994,7 @@ focus to the column header, if applicable. To Navigate Trees A tree is a user interface control that contains sections that you can expand and collapse. A tree usually represents a hierarchical structure. -
+
Sample Tree Structure @@ -3007,7 +3002,7 @@ expand and collapse. A tree usually represents a hierarchical structure. - + Categories tree from the gedit Preferences dialog. Contains three subcategories. @@ -3065,13 +3060,14 @@ item. Customizing Your Keyboard Shortcuts Use the Keyboard Shortcuts preference tool -to display the default keyboard shortcuts that you use to navigate the Desktop. -You can customize the default keyboard shortcuts to meet your requirements. -You can also create hot keys. Hot keys are keyboard shortcuts that start applications. +to display the default keyboard shortcuts that you use to navigate the GNOME Desktop. You can customize the default keyboard shortcuts to meet +your requirements. You can also create hot keys. Hot keys are keyboard shortcuts +that start applications. To start the Keyboard Shortcuts preference -tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesKeyboard Shortcuts. The Desktop shortcuts table lists the +tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesKeyboard Shortcuts. The Desktop shortcuts table lists the keyboard shortcut that is associated with each action. - + To Customize Keyboard Shortcuts on a Solaris System To customize a keyboard shortcut, perform the following steps: @@ -3105,7 +3101,7 @@ disabled. - + To Customize Keyboard Shortcuts on a Linux System To customize a keyboard shortcut, perform the following steps: diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/preface.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/preface.xml index 1dd6b64..9bc5176 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/preface.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/preface.xml @@ -1,19 +1,20 @@ - - + Preface - The GNOME 2.4 Desktop Accessibility Guide describes -how to configure, customize, and use the accessibility features of the GNOME -2.4 Desktop. - - Who Should Use This Book - This manual is for users, system administrators, and anyone who is interested -in how the GNOME 2.4 Desktop satisfies Section 508 of the U.S. Rehabilitation -Act. + + The GNOME 2.8 Desktop Accessibility +Guide describes +how to configure, customize, and use the accessibility features of +the GNOME 2.8 Desktop. + + + Who Should Read This Guide + This guide is for users, system administrators, and anyone who is interested +in how the GNOME 2.8 Desktop satisfies Section 508 of the U.S. Rehabilitation Act. - - How This Book Is Organized - This manual is structured in the following manner: + + How This Guide Is Organized + This guide is structured in the following manner: introduces you to accessibility @@ -24,27 +25,33 @@ in the GNOME Desktop. mouse and keyboard to make these devices accessible to more users. - describes how to navigate the Desktop -from the keyboard only. + describes how to navigate the GNOME +Desktop from the keyboard only. describes the methods you can use -to change the appearance of the Desktop to enhance the accessibility for users with visual impairments. +to change the appearance of the GNOME Desktop to enhance the accessibility of the desktop for users with +visual impairments. + + + describes some system administrator +and user tasks that you need to perform before you can use the assistive technologies +for the GNOME Desktop. - - Related Books - The following manuals are related to this manual: + + Related Documentation + The following guides are related to this guide: - GNOME 2.4 Desktop System Administration Guide + GNOME 2.8 Desktop System Administration Guide - GNOME 2.4 Desktop User Guide + GNOME 2.8 Desktop User Guide diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/themes.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/themes.xml index b8cdbf8..f0eef85 100644 --- a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/themes.xml +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/themes.xml @@ -1,37 +1,37 @@ - Customizing the Appearance of the Desktop This chapter describes the methods you can use to change the appearance -of the Desktop to enhance accessibility for users with -visual impairments. +of the GNOME Desktop +to enhance the accessibility of the desktop for users with visual impairments. Customization Options There are a number of methods to enable you to customize the appearance -of the Desktop to suit your specific needs, as follows: +of the GNOME Desktop +to suit your specific needs, as follows: Themes Themes are the most effective -way to change the appearance of the Desktop in a consistent manner. See for more information about themes and how to use themes -to achieve the type of Desktop that you require. +way to change the appearance of the desktop in a consistent manner. See for more information about themes and how to use themes +to achieve the type of desktop environment that you require. Desktop and application-specific configuration settings - You can customize different components of the Desktop + You can customize different components of the desktop individually to achieve the display settings that you require. You can configure -the Desktop and applications in addition to using themes or as an alternative +the desktop and applications in addition to using themes or as an alternative to using themes. See for more information. The following table summarizes the changes that you can -make to the Desktop and where you can make the changes. This manual does not -provide detailed instructions about how to customize the Desktop. For detailed -instructions about how to use the customization tools that the Desktop provides, -refer to the online help for each tool or to the GNOME 2.4 Desktop User Guide. +make to the GNOME Desktop and where you can make the changes. This manual does not provide +detailed instructions about how to customize the desktop. For detailed instructions +about how to use the customization tools that the desktop provides, refer +to the online help for each tool or to the GNOME 2.8 Desktop User Guide. Quick Reference to Customizing the Appearance of the Desktop @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ refer to the online help for each tool or to the GNOME 2.4 Desktop Us - Overall appearance of the Desktop to use high + Overall appearance of the desktop to use high contrast colors, low contrast colors, or large print. @@ -62,17 +62,17 @@ contrast colors, low contrast colors, or large print. Appearance of the desktop background only. - The Background -preference tool and the Nautilus file manager Backgrounds and Emblems menu item. + The Desktop Background preference tool and the Nautilus +file manager Backgrounds and Emblems menu item. - Font displayed on the Desktop and -in all Desktop applications. + Font displayed on the desktop background and +in all desktop applications. - The Font preference tool. + The Fonts preference tool. @@ -101,17 +101,17 @@ tabs in the Nautilus file manager application. Using Themes to Customize the Desktop This section describes how to use themes to customize the appearance -of the Desktop. +of the GNOME Desktop. Introduction to Themes - You can use themes to modify and control the appearance of the Desktop + You can use themes to modify and control the appearance of the desktop in a consistent manner. A theme is a group of coordinated settings that specifies -how a Desktop component or a group of Desktop components appears. When you -apply a theme, the system modifies many Desktop components simultaneously +how a desktop component or a group of desktop components appears. When you +apply a theme, the system modifies many desktop components simultaneously to achieve the desired effect. For example, if you apply a theme that increases -the font size across the Desktop, the theme also modifies the size of panels -and icons on the Desktop for optimum compatibility with the font size. - The following types of themes affect different parts of the Desktop: +the font size across the desktop, the theme also modifies the size of panels +and icons on the desktop for optimum compatibility with the font size. + The following types of themes affect different parts of the desktop: Desktop themes @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ and icons on the Desktop for optimum compatibility with the font size. the visual appearance of all windows, applications, dialogs, panels, and applets. Desktop themes also determine the visual appearance of the GNOME-compliant interface items that appear on windows, panels, and applets, such as menus, -icons, and buttons. Some of the Desktop themes that are available in the Desktop +icons, and buttons. Some of the desktop themes that are available in the Desktop are designed for special accessibility needs. @@ -136,12 +136,13 @@ themes determine the appearance of the frames around windows only. To Choose a Desktop Theme To open the Theme preference tool and view -the Desktop themes that are available, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesTheme. The Theme Preferences -dialog is displayed. Click on the Widget Theme tab to -display the Desktop themes that are available. To choose a new theme for the -Desktop, click on a theme in the Widget Theme list box. -The system automatically applies the theme to the Desktop. - There are several Desktop themes available that suit different accessibility +the desktop themes that are available, choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesTheme. +The Theme Preferences dialog is displayed. + The most popular desktop themes are listed on the left side of the Theme Preferencesdialog. To choose a new theme for the desktop, +click on a theme in the list box. The system automatically applies the theme +to the desktop. The view a longer list of desktop themes, click on the Theme Details button. The desktop themes are displayed in the Controls tabbed section of the Theme Details +dialog. There are several desktop themes available that suit different accessibility needs. These themes are described in the following table:
Desktop Themes Designed for Accessibility Requirements @@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ the background and foreground text. Increases the font size to 18pt. -The background and foreground colors are the same as those specified by the Default Desktop theme. +The background and foreground colors are the same as those specified by the Default desktop theme. @@ -244,27 +245,68 @@ font size to 18pt. To Choose a Window Frame Theme To open the Theme preference tool and view -the window frame themes that are available, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesTheme. The Theme Preferences -dialog is displayed. Click on the Window Frames tab to -display the window frame themes that are available. The Atlanta theme is an accessible theme. +the window frame themes that are available, perform the following steps: + + + Choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesTheme. +The Theme Preferences dialog is displayed. + + + Click on the Theme Details button. +The Theme Details dialog is displayed. + + + Click on the Window Border tab to display +the window frame themes that are available. The Atlanta +theme is an accessible theme. + + + To choose a window frame theme, select a theme from the list +box, then click Close. + + + + + To Choose an Icon Theme + To open the Theme preference tool and view +the icon themes that are available, perform the following steps: + + + Choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesTheme. +The Theme Preferences dialog is displayed. + + + Click on the Theme Details button. +The Theme Details dialog is displayed. + + + Click on the Icons tab to display the +icon themes that are available. + + + To choose an icon theme, select a theme from the list box, +then click Close. + + To Create Your Own Themes - For information about how to create your own Desktop themes and window -frame themes, see the GNOME 2.4 Desktop System Administration Guide. + For information about how to create your own desktop themes and window +frame themes, see the GNOME 2.8 Desktop System Administration Guide. Customizing Specific Components of the Desktop - This section describes how to customize specific components of the Desktop + This section describes how to customize specific components of the desktop individually. To Customize the Desktop Background - The Desktop themes do not affect the desktop background. Therefore to -modify the desktop background to complement your Desktop, you must customize -the desktop background separately using the Background -preference tool. To start the Background preference -tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesBackground. + The desktop themes do not affect the desktop background. Therefore to +modify the desktop background to complement your desktop, you must customize +the desktop background separately using the Desktop Background preference tool. To start the Desktop Background preference tool,choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesDesktop Background. To Customize Desktop Background Objects @@ -273,10 +315,10 @@ controlled by the Nautilus file manager. To change the size of the icons, perform the following steps: - Start the Nautilus file manager. + Start the file manager. - Choose EditPreferences.. + Choose EditPreferences. Select the Views tabbed section. @@ -290,16 +332,16 @@ drop-down list. To Customize Fonts - This section describes how to customize the font settings for the Desktop + This section describes how to customize the font settings for the desktop and frequently-used applications. If you have difficulty with the default font type and font size that -is used on the Desktop and desktop background, you can customize the font +is used on the desktop and desktop background, you can customize the font settings to suit your needs. - You can specify individual font settings for the following Desktop components + You can specify individual font settings for the following desktop components and applications: - Entire Desktop excluding the desktop background + Entire desktop excluding the desktop background Desktop background only @@ -319,8 +361,10 @@ and applications: To Customize the Desktop Fonts The Font preference tool allows you to specify -the default fonts for the Desktop. - To start the Font preference tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop PreferencesFont. The Font Preferences dialog contains the following options: +the default fonts for the desktop. + To start the Font preference tool, choose ApplicationsDesktop +PreferencesFont. +The Font Preferences dialog contains the following options: @@ -328,7 +372,7 @@ the default fonts for the Desktop. Click on this button to select a default font to use for the text that -is displayed on the Desktop, including the text displayed on the windows and +is displayed on the desktop, including the text displayed on the windows and dialogs associated with GNOME-compliant applications and applets. If you use the Theme preference tool @@ -433,31 +477,31 @@ menu items: Meeting Specific Accessibility Needs The following sections summarize the steps you need to take to improve -the accessibility of the Desktop in a particular area. +the accessibility of the desktop in a particular area. To Achieve a High or Low Contrast Desktop - To achieve a high or low contrast Desktop, perform the following steps: + To achieve a high or low contrast desktop, perform the following steps: Use the Theme preference tool to -select the high contrast or low contrast Desktop theme that you require. +select the high contrast or low contrast desktop theme that you require. Use the Theme preference tool to select a window frame theme. You should select the Atlanta -window frame theme for use with high contrast Desktop themes. The Atlanta window frame theme may also improve readability for some +window frame theme for use with high contrast desktop themes. The Atlanta window frame theme may also improve readability for some users. However, you can choose the window frame theme that best suits your needs. - Use the Background preference tool -to customize your desktop background as follows: + Use the Desktop Background preference +tool to customize your desktop background as follows: - Set the Picture Options to No Picture. + Set the Desktop Wallpaper to No Wallpaper. - Set the Background Style to Solid color. + Set the Desktop Colors to Solid Color. Select a background color that suits your needs. @@ -467,18 +511,19 @@ to customize your desktop background as follows: In the Terminal application, ensure that the Use colors from system theme option is selected -in the Edit Profile dialog. +in the Colors tabbed section of the Editing +Profile dialog. In the gedit application, ensure that the Use default theme colors option is selected -in the Preferences dialog. +in the Fonts & Colors tabbed section of the Preferences dialog. To Achieve a Large Print Desktop - To achieve a large print Desktop, perform the following steps: + To achieve a large print desktop, perform the following steps: Use the Theme preference tool to @@ -487,16 +532,16 @@ select the large print theme that you require. Use the Theme preference tool to select a window frame theme. You can use the Crux, Atlanta, or Bright window frame themes with -large print Desktop themes, depending on the contrast level that you prefer. +large print desktop themes, depending on the contrast level that you prefer. Use the Font preference tool to increase the font that is displayed on desktop background objects. - Increase the font size that is used to display -the contents of the Terminal application window. -See for more information. + Increase the font size that is used to display the contents +of the Terminal application window. See +for more information. If the Use default theme font option diff --git a/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/troubleshooting.xml b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/troubleshooting.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7b415dd --- /dev/null +++ b/gnome2-accessibility-guide/C/troubleshooting.xml @@ -0,0 +1,437 @@ + + + Before You Use the Assistive Technologies + + System Administrator Tasks + + Configuring the Desktop for Accessible Login + The Java Desktop System Release 3 includes an Accessible Login feature. +The feature allows users to log in to their desktop session even if they cannot +easily use the screen, mouse, or keyboard in the usual way. This feature allows +the user to launch assistive technologies at login time by means of special +gestures from the standard keyboard and from a keyboard, pointing device, +or switch device attached to the USB or PS/2 mouse port. The feature also +allows the user to change the visual appearance of the login dialog before +the user logs in, for instance to use a higher-contrast color scheme for better +visibility. + To enable Accessible Login, the system administrator must perform the +following steps: + + + Configure the desktop to use the GNOME Display Manager (GDM) +as the login manager. See for more information. + + + Make some configuration changes to GDM. The system administrator +can make these changes by manually modifying the following three human-readable +configuration files as described in and : + + + + /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf + + + + + /etc/X11/gdm/modules/AccessKeyMouseEvents + + + + + /etc/X11/gdm/modules/AccessDwellMouseEvents + + + + + + + To Use GDM as the Login Manager + To configure the desktop to use GDM as the login manager, perform the +following steps: + + + Log in as the root user. + + + Enter the following command to stop the dtlogin manager: + + /usr/dt/bin/dtconfig -d + + + + Edit the /etc/inittab file as follows: + + co:234:respawn:/usr/lib/saf/ttymon -g -h -p "`uname -n` console +> login: " -T sun -d + + + /dev/console -l console -m ldterm,ttcompat > co:234:wait:/opt/jds/bin/gdm + + This comments out the line to start ttymon and adds a line to start +GDM. + + + Enter the following commands to create a /var/lib/gdm directory: + + mkdir -p /var/lib/gdm + + + chown gdm:gdm /var/lib/gdm + + + + Reboot your system. + + + + + To Edit the GDM Configuration File + + + Log in as the root user. + + + Edit the file /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf. + + + Search the file for the following line: + + #Greeter=/usr/bin/gdmgreeter + + and replace the line with the following: + + Greeter=/usr/bin/gdmlogin + + This step enables a standard login greeting rather than a graphical +login greeting. + + + Search the file for the following line: + + #AddGtkModules=false + + and replace the line with the following: + + AddGtkModules=true + + + + Search the file for the following line: + + #GtkModulesList=gail:atk-bridge:dwellmouselistener:keymouselistener + + and remove the # from the start of the line so that +the line reads: + + GtkModulesList=gail:atk-bridge:dwellmouselistener:keymouselistener + + + The above lines must be displayed as single lines in the gdm.conf file without line breaks. The formatting of this guide +may display the lines over two lines. + + This step and previous step enable the use of assistive technologies +such as the Onscreen Keyboard, Screen Reader, and Magnifier. + + System administrators may wish to load only the minimum subset +of these modules which is required to support their user base. Depending +on your end-user needs, not all of the above GtkModules may need to be loaded. + If your end-users need the integrated Screen Reader and Magnifier, you must +include gail and atk-bridge. If your +users need to use a pointing device without buttons or switches, include dwellmouselistener. If some of your users use pointing devices +with switches, alternative physical keyboards, or switch/button devices, include keymouselistener. Including all four modules is suitable for most +system configurations. The Onscreen Keyboard can operate without gail and atk-bridge, but with a reduced feature +set. For optimum accessibility we recommend including gail +and atk-bridge. + + + + To allow users to change the color and contrast scheme of +the login dialog, include the following line in the file: + + AllowThemeChange=true + + + + To restrict user changes to the visual appearance to a subset +of the available themes, you can add a line similar to the following: + + GtkThemesToAllow=blueprint,HighContrast,HighContrastInverse + + + + Save the gdm.conf file. + + + + + To Use Gestures to Launch Assistive Technologies + Once keymouselistener and/or dwellmouselistener have been added to the GtkModules loaded by GDM, you can assign +end-user actions to launch specific assistive technologies. These gesture +associations are contained in the following files, respectively: + + + + /etc/X11/gdm/modules/AccessKeyMouseEvents + + + + + /etc/X11/gdm/modules/AccessDwellMouseEvents + + + + The gesture format is described in the two files. The following section +demonstrates some suggested examples that have been tested with common usage +scenarios. + + To Launch the Gnopernicus Screen Reader Using a Keyboard Combination + In the file AccessKeyMouseEvents, the following +line associates ControlS held for one second +with the Screen Reader in "speech and braille" mode: + + <Control>s 1 1000 1000 srcore --login --disable-magnifier +--enable-speech --enable-braille + + You can assign similar key combinations to launch the Screen Reader +in "magnification only" mode, such as: + + <Control>m 1 1000 1000 srcore --login --enable-magnifier +--disable-speech + + + The above lines must be displayed as single lines in the AccessKeyMouseEvents file without line breaks. The formatting of +this guide may display the lines over two lines. + + + + To Launch the Onscreen Keyboard (GOK) Using a Switch or Button Gesture + You can use end-user button, key, or switch actions to launch assistive +technologies. Since the primary input device for many Onscreen Keyboard users +is a switch or buttons, this is a good way to allow such users to signal their +need for the Onscreen Keyboard at login time. + To reduce the likelihood of launching the application unintentionally, +you can associate the gestures with multiple switch presses and/or minimum +durations. For example, the following line in the file AccessKeyMouseEvents associates three presses of "Switch 2" for a minimum of 100 milliseconds +each within 2 seconds, with the launch of the Onscreen Keyboard +in "inverse scanning" mode: + + <Switch2>3 100 2000 gok --login --accessmethod=inversescanning +--scan-action=switch1 --select-action=switch2 + + Users of single switches may prefer the 'automatic scanning' access +method. The following line associates GOK with a prolonged press (> 4 seconds) +of switch 1 on an alternate access device: + + <Switch>1 4000 5000 gok --login --accessmethod=automaticscanning +--scan-action=switch1 --select-action=switch1 + + + The above lines must be displayed as single lines in the AccessKeyMouseEvents file without line breaks. The formatting of +this guide may display the lines over two lines. + + + + To Launch the Onscreen Keyboard (GOK) in Dwell Mode Using a Motion-only +Gesture + You can also define gestures that involve only the motion of a pointing +device such as the system mouse or an alternative pointing device such as +a head pointer or trackball. All such gestures are specified by the same +syntax, that is there is no distinction between a core mouse gesture and motion +from an alternate input device. + Motion gestures are defined as crossing events into and out of the login +dialog window. If the dwellmouselistener GtkModule is +loaded, alternative pointing devices are temporarily latched to the core pointer +so that motion from alternative devices results in movement of the onscreen +pointer. + The following gesture can be completed by moving the onscreen pointer, + starting from inside the login dialog, across the top edge, back into the +dialog across the top edge, out of the dialog via the left edge, back into +the dialog via the left edge, and similarly through bottom and right-hand +edges of the dialog, in a cross pattern. The gesture launches GOK in Dwell +mode. Note that the --input-device parameter specified +in the gesture must match the name of the user input device as specified in /etc/X11/XF86Config. + + TTLLBBRR O 10000 gok --login --access-method=dwellselection +--input-device=MOUSE[3] + + + The above line must be displayed as a single line in the AccessKeyMouseEvents file without line breaks. The formatting of +this guide may display the line over two lines. + + + + + Additional Requirements for Accessible Login + To use text-to-speech services at login time, for example when you are +using the Screen Reader in Speech mode, the GDM user must be a member of the +"audio" group. You can confirm this by checking the file /etc/group. Please see the Java Desktop System Release 3 Administration +Guide for details about changing group membership. + To facilitate Accessible Login using alternative pointing devices and +end-user switch devices such as sip-and-puff switches, wheelchair-mounted +switches, trackballs, and so on, you may need to modify your X server system +configuration to recognize these devices. Most devices which emulate mouse +buttons, including USB single switches, mouse-like pointing devices, and devices +that emulate them, can be used with Accessible Login and the Onscreen Keyboard. + In the Java Desktop System Release 3, the GDM user has a readable home +directory. If this setting is removed for security reasons, the Screen Reader +and Magnifier will not function properly during Accessible Login. + + Alternate input devices should not be configured to control the +primary onscreen pointer. This may result in undesirable behavior or cause +situations from which the user of the alternate input devices cannot recover +without the use of the primary keyboard or mouse. + + + + + Enabling the Standard Greeter + To enable the standard GDM greeter, perform the following steps: + + + Log in as the root user. + + + Edit the file /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf. + + + Search the file for the following line: + + #Greeter=/usr/bin/gdmgreeter + + and replace the line with the following: + + Greeter=/usr/bin/gdmlogin + + + + Save the file. + + + + + Configuring the Java Environment for Accessibility + To configure the Java Environment for accessibility, perform the following +steps: + + + Log in as the root user to the base directory +of the Java SDK installation. + + + Enter the following command to change to the jre/lib directory: + + cd jre/lib + + + + Enter the following command: + + ln -s /usr/share/jar/accessibility.properties + + + + Enter the following command to change to the ext directory: + + cd ext + + + + Execute the following command: + + ln -s /usr/share/jar/gnome-java-bridge.jar + + + + + + Enabling Full Screen Magnification in Gnopernicus + To enable full screen magnification in Gnopernicus, +perform the following steps: + + + Configure two video cards as :0.0 and :0.1. + + It is not essential that both video cards have the same resolution +and bit depth. However, if the resolutions and bit depths of both cards differ +greatly, the apparent magnification factor may differ slightly from the nominal +magnification factor. + + + + Click Launch, then chooseApplicationsAccessibilityScreen Reader and Magnifier to start Gnopernicus. + + + Click on Preferences. + + + Click on Magnifier. + + + Click on Add/Modify. + + + Specify :0.0 as the Source for magnification. + + + Specify :0.1 as the Target for magnification. + + + Set the Zoomer Placement to be [0,0,1023,767]. + + These instructions assume a video resolution of 1024x768. + + + + Restart Gnopernicus. The magnified +view is displayed on the second display 0.1. + + + + + + User Tasks + + Disabling the Screensaver for Gnopernicus Users + To disable the screensaver, perform the following steps: + + + Click Launch, then choose PreferencesDisplayScreensaver. + + + In the Display Modes tabbed section, +deselect the Lock Screen After check box. + + + In the Mode drop-down list, select Disable Screen Saver. + + + Choose FileRestart Daemon. + + + Choose FileQuit to close the Screensaver +dialog. + + + + + Maximizing GNOME Terminal for GOK Users + If you are a GOK user, you cannot use the GNOME Terminal application in Full Screen mode because the GNOME Terminal window obscures the GOK +display. + To resize the GNOME Terminal window for use +with the GOK application, perform the following +steps: + + + Do not enable the Full Screen mode in GNOME Terminal. + + + Give focus to the GNOME Terminal +window. + + + Press F10 to maximize the application. + + + + + -- cgit