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diff --git a/gnome-users-guide/gnome-users-guide-1.4/C/applets/drivemount-ug.sgml b/gnome-users-guide/gnome-users-guide-1.4/C/applets/drivemount-ug.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e1facf5 --- /dev/null +++ b/gnome-users-guide/gnome-users-guide-1.4/C/applets/drivemount-ug.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,571 @@ + <sect2 id="drivemountapplet"> + <title>Drive Mount Applet</title> + + <para> + <application>Drive Mount Applet</application>, shown in <xref + linkend="drivemountapplet-fig">, allows you to quickly and easily + mount and unmount various types of drives and filesystems on your + computer. To add this applet to a <interface>Panel</interface>, + right-click on the <interface>Panel</interface> and choose + <menuchoice> + <guimenu>Panel</guimenu> + <guisubmenu>Add to panel</guisubmenu> + <guisubmenu>Applet</guisubmenu> + <guisubmenu>Utility</guisubmenu> + <guimenuitem>Drive Mount</guimenuitem> + </menuchoice>. + </para> + + <figure id="drivemountapplet-fig"> + <title>Drive Mount Applet</title> + <screenshot> + <screeninfo>Drive Mount Applet</screeninfo> + <graphic format="png" fileref="figures/drivemount_applet_floppy" + srccredit="muet"> + </graphic> + </screenshot> + </figure> + + <note> + <title>Background Information for Beginners</title> + <para> + Many file systems on Linux and Unix systems must be manually + mounted and unmounted. After a file system is mounted, you can + read and write to it. When you are finished with a file system, + you should unmount it. It is important to unmount removable + drives, such as floppy disks and Zip disks, + before removing the media, because Linux and Unix systems do not + always write the changes made immediately. They typically buffer + the changes made to the disk in order to improve the speed of the + system. Partitions on fixed drives, such as your hard drive, are + typically mounted automatically when your computer boots and + unmounted when it shuts down. Removable media must be mounted and + unmounted by hand, such as by using the <application>Drive + Mount</application> applet. + </para> + <para> + The "root + filesystem" is the main filesystem on your computer starting with + "/" (root). Other filesystems are associated with directories inside + the root filesystem. These are called "mount points", which are + just empty directories. When a filesystem is mounted, its + contents appear inside this directory. As an example, most + systems create a mount point "/mnt/floppy" which is just an empty + directory if your floppy drive is not mounted. It contains + the contents of your floppy if the floppy drive is mounted. + </para> + </note> + + <!-- ============= Usage ================================ --> + <sect3 id="drivemount-usage"> + <title>Usage</title> + <para> + To mount or unmount a drive, simply click on the + <application>Drive Mount Applet</application> icon with the left + mouse button. For drives which can eject their media, such as + most CDROM's and JAZ drives, you can eject the drive by clicking on the + icon with the right mouse button and selecting + <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem>. To browse the contents of the + drive with the <application>GNOME File Manager</application>, select + <guimenuitem>Browse…</guimenuitem>. + </para> + + <para> + Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the + following items: + <itemizedlist> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guimenuitem>Browse…</guimenuitem> — shows + the contents of the drive using the <application>GNOME File + Manager</application>. + The drive must be mounted for this to work. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem> — ejects the + storage medium for drives which can be ejected, such as + CDROM's and JAZ drives. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guimenuitem>Properties…</guimenuitem> — + opens the <link linkend="drivemountapplet-prefs"> + <guilabel>Properties</guilabel></link> dialog. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem> — + displays this document. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guimenuitem>About…</guimenuitem> — + shows basic information about <application>Drive Mount + Applet</application>, including the applet's version and the + author's name. + </para> + </listitem> + + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <para> + The mount point and mount status of a drive is shown in a tooltip + if the cursor is left over the applet for a short time, as shown + in <xref linkend="drivemountapplettooltips-fig">. + <figure id="drivemountapplettooltips-fig"> + <title>Drive Mount Applet showing tooltip</title> + <screenshot> + <screeninfo>Drive Mount Applet showing tooltip</screeninfo> + <graphic format="png" fileref="figures/drivemount_applet_tooltip" + srccredit="muet"> + </graphic> + </screenshot> + </figure> + </para> + + </sect3> + + + <!-- ============= Customization ============================= --> + <sect3 id="drivemountapplet-prefs"> + <title>Customization</title> + <para> + You can customize <application>Drive Mount</application> + applet by right-clicking on it and choosing + <guimenuitem>Properties…</guimenuitem>. This will open the + <interface>Properties</interface> dialog(shown in <xref + linkend="drivemount-settings-fig">), which allows you to + change various settings. + </para> + + <figure id="drivemount-settings-fig"> + <title>Properties dialog</title> + <screenshot> + <screeninfo>Properties dialog</screeninfo> + <graphic format="png" fileref="figures/drivemount_applet_settings" + srccredit="muet"> + </graphic> + </screenshot> + </figure> + + <para> + The properties are: + <itemizedlist> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guilabel>Mount Point</guilabel> — This is the mount + point used when mounting the drive. This is + an empty directory which will hold the contents of the drive + whenever the drive is mounted. Mount points can occur + anywhere in your filesystem, but the convention is to put all + mount points for removable drives in the <filename + class="directory">/mnt</filename> + directory. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guilabel>Update in seconds</guilabel> — This is the + interval in seconds at + which <application>Drive Mount</application> refreshes its + icon by checking the mount status. This is only + important if you sometimes mount or unmount a drive using a + command or application other than <application>Drive + Mount</application>. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guilabel>Icon</guilabel> — This determines the icons + (one for unmounted and + one for mounted) displayed for the + drive. There are icon sets for most of the commonly used + drives (floppy, CDROM, Zip, hard disk, and JAZ). + They are shown in <xref + linkend="drivemountappletall-fig">. You may also select + <guimenuitem>Custom</guimenuitem>; this allows you to specify + your own icons. + </para> + <figure id="drivemountappletall-fig"> + <title>Icons for Mounted and Unmounted Drives of Various Types</title> + <screenshot> + <screeninfo>Icons for Mounted and Unmounted Drives of Various + Types</screeninfo> + <graphic format="png" fileref="figures/drivemount_applet_all" + srccredit="muet"> + </graphic> + </screenshot> + </figure> + <para> + Notice that <xref linkend="drivemountappletall-fig"> + shows the icons for the unmounted and mounted states of (from + left to right) floppy, CDROM, Zip, JAZ, and hard disk drives. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guilabel>Custom icon for mounted</guilabel> — A custom + icon which is + displayed when the drive is mounted. This option is only + available if the <guimenu>Icon:</guimenu> selection is set to + "Custom". + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guilabel>Custom icon for not mounted</guilabel> — A + custom icon which is + displayed when the drive is not mounted. This option is only + available if the <guimenu>Icon:</guimenu> selection is set to + "Custom". + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guibutton>Scale size to panel</guibutton> — Selecting + this option scales + the size of the mounted and unmounted icons with the + <interface>Panel</interface>'s size. If this option is not + set, the icon sizes are fixed, independent of the size of + the <interface>Panel</interface>. Selecting this option + typically makes for a nicer appearance. For very small + <interface>Panel</interface> sizes, unselecting this option + may be useful, as it forces the applet to appear rotated and + larger, which makes it easier to see. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para> + <guibutton>Use automount friendly status test</guibutton> + — Select this option + if you use automount, otherwise leave it unselected. + </para> + <note> + <title>Information for Advanced Users</title> + <para> + The default command used by <application>Drive + Mount</application>to test whether a drive is mounted is + <command>stat</command> and would cause the drive to actually be + mounted if the user is using + <application>automount</application>. If this button is + selected, it uses <command>mount</command> instead, which + does not cause <application>automount</application> to mount + the drive. The reason this button is not selected by default + is that <command>mount</command> is more cpu intensive than + <command>stat</command>. + </para> + </note> + </listitem> + + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <para>After you have made all the changes you want, click on + <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to apply the changes and close the + <interface>Properties</interface> dialog. Click + <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to apply changes without closing. + <guibutton>Close</guibutton> closes + <interface>Properties</interface> without saving changes which + have not been applied. Applied changes cannot be cancelled. + </para> + </sect3> + + <!-- ============= Configuring Your System ============== --> + <sect3 id="drivemountapplet-configuring"> + <title>Configuring Your System</title> + + <warning> + <title>For Advanced Users</title> + <para> + This section is intended for system administrators and advanced + users. + </para> + </warning> + + <para> + In order for <application>Drive Mount Applet</application> to work + properly, the system may need to be configured by the system + administrator, using root privileges. This section provides a + very basic introduction. + </para> + + <para> + Information describing the mount point and filesystem type of each + drive is kept in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. This can be + configured by hand or by using the + <application>linuxconf</application> application. For drives which + do not always have a single filesystem type (such as a floppy + drive which may have msdos or ext2 filesystems), you should use + "auto" for the filesystem type. Each device has a single line in + /etc/fstab of the following form: + <programlisting> + /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,rw,user 0 0 + </programlisting> + This entry describes the first floppy device (/dev/fd0) as having + a mount point of <filename>/mnt/floppy</filename>, a variable + filesystem type which should be automatically detected, and the + following configurations: "noauto"— Do not automatically + mount the drive when the computer is booted, "rw"— The drive + is readable and writable, and "user"— Users have permission + to mount the drive. These, along with the last two fields which + we do not describe here, are discussed in detail in the fstab man + pages, available by typing <command>man fstab</command> or through + the <application>GNOME Help Browser</application>. + </para> + <para> + The <application>linuxconf</application> application provides a + graphical interface for controlling these filesystems. To start + <application>linuxconf</application>, just type + <command>linuxconf</command> in a shell window (you must log in as + root). Select + <menuchoice> + <guimenu>Config</guimenu> + <guisubmenu>filesystems</guisubmenu> + <guimenuitem>Access local drive</guimenuitem> + </menuchoice>. + To edit an entry, just select + it. <application>linuxconf</application> is meant to be easy + to use and has its own internal help system to guide you + through the process. You may also add new entries by selecting the + <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button. + </para> + </sect3> + + + <!-- ============ Troubleshooting & Error Messages ======= --> + <sect3 id="drivemountapplet-troubleshooting"> + <title>Troubleshooting and Understanding Error Messages</title> + <para> + If you do not have your system configured properly, you may + encounter certain error messages when trying to mount or access + certain drives. Here are some of the more common error messages + and their causes: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount: /dev/fd0 is not a valid block + device</quote>— The most common cause for this error is + that the drive (in this example, /dev/fd0, corresponding to the + floppy drive) is empty. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount: only root can mount /dev/fda on + /mnt/floppy</quote>— You do not have permission to mount + this drive. Contact the system administrator, who can give you + permission. + </para> + <note> + <title>Note for System Administrators</title> + <para> + You can set a drive to be mountable and unmountable by users by + adding "users" to the mount options (fourth column) in + <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. This may be done by hand or + by using <application>linuxconf</application>, using the + <guilabel>Local volume</guilabel> tab in + <menuchoice> + <guimenu>Config</guimenu> + <guisubmenu>Filesystems</guisubmenu> + <guimenuitem>Access local drive</guimenuitem> + </menuchoice>. After you select the correct drive from the list, + it will show you the <guilabel>Volume + specifications</guilabel>. Click on the + <guilabel>Options</guilabel> tab, and select the + <guibutton>User mountable</guibutton> button. + </para> + </note> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on + /dev/cdrom, or too many mounted file systems</quote>— + This error can be caused by several problems. It is most + commonly caused by not having the right filesystem type, such as + trying to mount a music CDROM as if it held data, or trying to + mount an msdos formatted floppy as ext2. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount /mnt/cdrom 2>&1 reported: mount: No medium + found</quote>— This error indicates the drive, in + this case the CDROM drive, is empty. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>umount /mnt/cdrom 2>&1 reported: umount: /mnt/cdrom: + device is busy</quote>— This error indicates that the + drive cannot be unmounted because the drive is being used by + the computer. This often happens if you have the + <application>GNOME File Manager</application> open to a + directory on the drive or if you have a terminal window open + with the working directory on the drive. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>umount: can't find /mnt/floppy in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab + </quote>— + This indicates that the system has not been configured to mount + the mount point you are trying to use. In many cases, you may + have put the wrong mount point in the <guilabel>Mount + point</guilabel> entry in the <interface>Properties + Dialog</interface> (see <xref + linkend="drivemountapplet-prefs">). To find out which mount + point you should be using, contact your system administrator. + </para> + <note> + <title>Note for Advanced Users</title> + <para> + Each device (filesystem or drive) which can be mounted should + be listed in the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> configuration + file. Reading this file will tell you which devices are + configured for your system. To add or modify entries, you can + edit this file by hand or by using the + <application>linuxconf</application> application. + </para> + </note> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount: /dev/fd0 already mounted or /mnt/floppy busy + mount: according to mtab, /dev/fd0 is mounted on /mnt/floppy_ext2 + </quote>— + This error occurs if you have a single device (in this case + /dev/fd0) configured for multiple mount points and you try to + mount one mount point while another one is already mounted. + Having multiple mount points for a single device typically is + not necessary. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + <quote>mount: the kernel does not recognize /dev/sda4 as a + block device(maybe 'insmod driver'?)</quote>— Contact + your system administrator. (This error + occurs if your kernel is not properly configured to + automatically mount the necessary kernel modules to read the + device.) + </para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + </sect3> + + + <!-- ============= Bugs ================================== --> + <!-- This section should describe known bugs and limitations of + the program if there are any - please be frank and list all + problems you know of --> + <sect3 id="drivemount-bugs"> + <title>Known Bugs and Limitations</title> + <para> + <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem> does not always work. Trying to + eject with the drive mounted does not give a warning, explaining + why the drive does not eject. + </para> + </sect3> + + + <!-- ============= Authors ================================ --> + + <sect3 id="drivemount-authors"> + <title>Authors</title> + <para> + <application>Drive Mount Applet</application> was written by John Ellis + (<email>johne@bellatlantic.net</email>). Please send all comments, + suggestions, and bug + reports to the <ulink url="http://bugs.gnome.org" type="http">GNOME + bug tracking database</ulink>. (Instructions for submitting bug + reports can be found <ulink + url="http://bugs.gnome.org/Reporting.html" type="http"> + on-line</ulink>. If you are using + GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use <application>Bug Report + Tool</application> (<command>bug-buddy</command>), available in the + <guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu> submenu of <guimenu>Main + Menu</guimenu>, for submitting bug reports. + </para> + + <para> + This manual was written by Dan Mueth + (<email>d-mueth@uchicago.edu</email>). Please send all comments and + suggestions regarding this manual to the <ulink type="http" + url="http://www.gnome.org/gdp">GNOME Documentation Project</ulink> + by sending an email to <email>docs@gnome.org</email>. You can also + submit comments online by using the <ulink type="http" + url="http://www.gnome.org/gdp/doctable/">GNOME Documentation Status + Table</ulink>. + </para> + + <!-- For translations: uncomment this: + + <para> + Latin translation was done by ME + (<email>MYNAME@MYADDRESS</email>). Please send all comments and + suggestions regarding this translation to SOMEWHERE. + </para> + + --> + + </sect3> + + + <!-- ============= Application License ============================= --> + + <!-- + <sect3 id="license"> + <title>License</title> + <para> + This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + modify it under the terms of the <citetitle>GNU General Public + License</citetitle> as published by the Free Software Foundation; + either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later + version. + </para> + <para> + This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but + WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + <citetitle>GNU General Public License</citetitle> for more details. + </para> + <para> + A copy of the <citetitle>GNU General Public License</citetitle> is + included as an appendix to the <citetitle>GNOME Users + Guide</citetitle>. You may also obtain a copy of the + <citetitle>GNU General Public License</citetitle> from the Free + Software Foundation by visiting <ulink type="http" + url="http://www.fsf.org">their Web site</ulink> or by writing to + <address> + Free Software Foundation, Inc. + <street>59 Temple Place</street> - Suite 330 + <city>Boston</city>, <state>MA</state> <postcode>02111-1307</postcode> + <country>USA</country> + </address> + </para> + </sect3> + + --> + </sect2> + + + |