# Authors: Simo Sorce # # Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat # see file 'COPYING' for use and warranty information # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program. If not, see . # import socket import getpass import os import re import fileinput import sys import tempfile import shutil from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser, NoOptionError import traceback import textwrap from contextlib import contextmanager from dns import resolver, rdatatype from dns.exception import DNSException import ldap from ipapython import ipautil, sysrestore, admintool, dogtag from ipapython.admintool import ScriptError from ipapython.ipa_log_manager import * from ipalib.util import validate_hostname from ipapython import config from ipalib import errors from ipapython.dn import DN from ipaserver.install import certs from ipapython import services as ipaservices # Used to determine install status IPA_MODULES = [ 'httpd', 'kadmin', 'dirsrv', 'pki-cad', 'pki-tomcatd', 'install', 'krb5kdc', 'ntpd', 'named', 'ipa_memcached'] class BadHostError(Exception): pass class HostLookupError(BadHostError): pass class HostForwardLookupError(HostLookupError): pass class HostReverseLookupError(HostLookupError): pass class HostnameLocalhost(HostLookupError): pass class ReplicaConfig: def __init__(self): self.realm_name = "" self.domain_name = "" self.master_host_name = "" self.dirman_password = "" self.host_name = "" self.dir = "" self.subject_base = None self.setup_ca = False self.version = 0 subject_base = ipautil.dn_attribute_property('_subject_base') def get_fqdn(): fqdn = "" try: fqdn = socket.getfqdn() except: try: fqdn = socket.gethostname() except: fqdn = "" return fqdn def verify_fqdn(host_name, no_host_dns=False, local_hostname=True): """ Run fqdn checks for given host: - test hostname format - test that hostname is fully qualified - test forward and reverse hostname DNS lookup Raises `BadHostError` or derived Exceptions if there is an error :param host_name: The host name to verify. :param no_host_dns: If true, skip DNS resolution tests of the host name. :param local_hostname: If true, run additional checks for local hostnames """ if len(host_name.split(".")) < 2 or host_name == "localhost.localdomain": raise BadHostError("Invalid hostname '%s', must be fully-qualified." % host_name) if host_name != host_name.lower(): raise BadHostError("Invalid hostname '%s', must be lower-case." % host_name) if ipautil.valid_ip(host_name): raise BadHostError("IP address not allowed as a hostname") try: # make sure that the host name meets the requirements in ipalib validate_hostname(host_name) except ValueError, e: raise BadHostError("Invalid hostname '%s', %s" % (host_name, unicode(e))) if local_hostname: try: root_logger.debug('Check if %s is a primary hostname for localhost', host_name) ex_name = socket.gethostbyaddr(host_name) root_logger.debug('Primary hostname for localhost: %s', ex_name[0]) if host_name != ex_name[0]: raise HostLookupError("The host name %s does not match the primary host name %s. "\ "Please check /etc/hosts or DNS name resolution" % (host_name, ex_name[0])) except socket.gaierror: pass except socket.error, e: root_logger.debug('socket.gethostbyaddr() error: %d: %s' % (e.errno, e.strerror)) if no_host_dns: print "Warning: skipping DNS resolution of host", host_name return try: root_logger.debug('Search DNS for %s', host_name) hostaddr = socket.getaddrinfo(host_name, None) except Exception, e: root_logger.debug('Search failed: %s', e) raise HostForwardLookupError("Unable to resolve host name, check /etc/hosts or DNS name resolution") if len(hostaddr) == 0: raise HostForwardLookupError("Unable to resolve host name, check /etc/hosts or DNS name resolution") # Verify this is NOT a CNAME try: root_logger.debug('Check if %s is not a CNAME', host_name) resolver.query(host_name, rdatatype.CNAME) raise HostReverseLookupError("The IPA Server Hostname cannot be a CNAME, only A and AAAA names are allowed.") except DNSException: pass # list of verified addresses to prevent multiple searches for the same address verified = set() for a in hostaddr: address = a[4][0] if address in verified: continue if address == '127.0.0.1' or address == '::1': raise HostForwardLookupError("The IPA Server hostname must not resolve to localhost (%s). A routable IP address must be used. Check /etc/hosts to see if %s is an alias for %s" % (address, host_name, address)) try: root_logger.debug('Check reverse address of %s', address) revname = socket.gethostbyaddr(address)[0] except Exception, e: root_logger.debug('Check failed: %s', e) raise HostReverseLookupError("Unable to resolve the reverse ip address, check /etc/hosts or DNS name resolution") root_logger.debug('Found reverse name: %s', revname) if revname != host_name: raise HostReverseLookupError("The host name %s does not match the reverse lookup %s" % (host_name, revname)) verified.add(address) def record_in_hosts(ip, host_name=None, file="/etc/hosts"): """ Search record in /etc/hosts - static table lookup for hostnames In case of match, returns a tuple of ip address and a list of hostname aliases When no record is matched, None is returned :param ip: IP address :param host_name: Optional hostname to search :param file: Optional path to the lookup table """ hosts = open(file, 'r').readlines() for line in hosts: line = line.rstrip('\n') fields = line.partition('#')[0].split() if len(fields) == 0: continue try: hosts_ip = fields[0] names = fields[1:] if hosts_ip != ip: continue if host_name is not None: if host_name in names: return (hosts_ip, names) else: return None return (hosts_ip, names) except IndexError: print "Warning: Erroneous line '%s' in %s" % (line, file) continue return None def add_record_to_hosts(ip, host_name, file="/etc/hosts"): hosts_fd = open(file, 'r+') hosts_fd.seek(0, 2) hosts_fd.write(ip+'\t'+host_name+' '+host_name.split('.')[0]+'\n') hosts_fd.close() def read_ip_address(host_name, fstore): while True: ip = ipautil.user_input("Please provide the IP address to be used for this host name", allow_empty = False) try: ip_parsed = ipautil.CheckedIPAddress(ip, match_local=True) except Exception, e: print "Error: Invalid IP Address %s: %s" % (ip, e) continue else: break return ip_parsed def read_dns_forwarders(): addrs = [] if ipautil.user_input("Do you want to configure DNS forwarders?", True): print "Enter the IP address of DNS forwarder to use, or press Enter to finish." while True: ip = ipautil.user_input("Enter IP address for a DNS forwarder", allow_empty=True) if not ip: break try: ip_parsed = ipautil.CheckedIPAddress(ip, parse_netmask=False) except Exception, e: print "Error: Invalid IP Address %s: %s" % (ip, e) print "DNS forwarder %s not added" % ip continue print "DNS forwarder %s added" % ip addrs.append(str(ip_parsed)) if not addrs: print "No DNS forwarders configured" return addrs def get_password(prompt): if os.isatty(sys.stdin.fileno()): return getpass.getpass(prompt) else: sys.stdout.write(prompt) sys.stdout.flush() line = sys.stdin.readline() if not line: raise EOFError() return line.rstrip() def _read_password_default_validator(password): if len(password) < 8: raise ValueError("Password must be at least 8 characters long") def read_password(user, confirm=True, validate=True, retry=True, validator=_read_password_default_validator): correct = False pwd = None try: while not correct: if not retry: correct = True pwd = get_password(user + " password: ") if not pwd: continue if validate: try: validator(pwd) except ValueError, e: print str(e) pwd = None continue if not confirm: correct = True continue pwd_confirm = get_password("Password (confirm): ") if pwd != pwd_confirm: print "Password mismatch!" print "" pwd = None else: correct = True except EOFError: return None finally: print "" return pwd def update_file(filename, orig, subst): if os.path.exists(filename): st = os.stat(filename) pattern = "%s" % re.escape(orig) p = re.compile(pattern) for line in fileinput.input(filename, inplace=1): if not p.search(line): sys.stdout.write(line) else: sys.stdout.write(p.sub(subst, line)) fileinput.close() os.chown(filename, st.st_uid, st.st_gid) # reset perms return 0 else: print "File %s doesn't exist." % filename return 1 def set_directive(filename, directive, value, quotes=True, separator=' '): """Set a name/value pair directive in a configuration file. A value of None means to drop the directive. This has only been tested with nss.conf """ valueset = False st = os.stat(filename) fd = open(filename) newfile = [] for line in fd: if line.lstrip().startswith(directive): valueset = True if value is not None: if quotes: newfile.append('%s%s"%s"\n' % (directive, separator, value)) else: newfile.append('%s%s%s\n' % (directive, separator, value)) else: newfile.append(line) fd.close() if not valueset: if value is not None: if quotes: newfile.append('%s%s"%s"\n' % (directive, separator, value)) else: newfile.append('%s%s%s\n' % (directive, separator, value)) fd = open(filename, "w") fd.write("".join(newfile)) fd.close() os.chown(filename, st.st_uid, st.st_gid) # reset perms def get_directive(filename, directive, separator=' '): """ A rather inefficient way to get a configuration directive. """ fd = open(filename, "r") for line in fd: if line.lstrip().startswith(directive): line = line.strip() result = line.split(separator, 1)[1] result = result.strip('"') result = result.strip(' ') fd.close() return result fd.close() return None def kadmin(command): ipautil.run(["kadmin.local", "-q", command, "-x", "ipa-setup-override-restrictions"]) def kadmin_addprinc(principal): kadmin("addprinc -randkey " + principal) def kadmin_modprinc(principal, options): kadmin("modprinc " + options + " " + principal) def create_keytab(path, principal): try: if ipautil.file_exists(path): os.remove(path) except os.error: root_logger.critical("Failed to remove %s." % path) kadmin("ktadd -k " + path + " " + principal) def resolve_host(host_name): try: addrinfos = socket.getaddrinfo(host_name, None, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM) ip_list = [] for ai in addrinfos: ip = ai[4][0] if ip == "127.0.0.1" or ip == "::1": raise HostnameLocalhost("The hostname resolves to the localhost address") ip_list.append(ip) return ip_list except socket.error: return [] def get_host_name(no_host_dns): """ Get the current FQDN from the socket and verify that it is valid. no_host_dns is a boolean that determines whether we enforce that the hostname is resolvable. Will raise a RuntimeError on error, returns hostname on success """ hostname = get_fqdn() verify_fqdn(hostname, no_host_dns) return hostname def get_server_ip_address(host_name, fstore, unattended, options): # Check we have a public IP that is associated with the hostname try: hostaddr = resolve_host(host_name) except HostnameLocalhost: print >> sys.stderr, "The hostname resolves to the localhost address (127.0.0.1/::1)" print >> sys.stderr, "Please change your /etc/hosts file so that the hostname" print >> sys.stderr, "resolves to the ip address of your network interface." print >> sys.stderr, "The KDC service does not listen on localhost" print >> sys.stderr, "" print >> sys.stderr, "Please fix your /etc/hosts file and restart the setup program" sys.exit(1) ip_add_to_hosts = False if len(hostaddr) > 1: print >> sys.stderr, "The server hostname resolves to more than one address:" for addr in hostaddr: print >> sys.stderr, " %s" % addr if options.ip_address: if str(options.ip_address) not in hostaddr: print >> sys.stderr, "Address passed in --ip-address did not match any resolved" print >> sys.stderr, "address!" sys.exit(1) print "Selected IP address:", str(options.ip_address) ip = options.ip_address else: if unattended: print >> sys.stderr, "Please use --ip-address option to specify the address" sys.exit(1) else: ip = read_ip_address(host_name, fstore) elif len(hostaddr) == 1: try: ip = ipautil.CheckedIPAddress(hostaddr[0], match_local=True) except ValueError, e: sys.exit("Invalid IP Address %s for %s: %s" % (hostaddr[0], host_name, unicode(e))) else: # hostname is not resolvable ip = options.ip_address ip_add_to_hosts = True if ip is None: print "Unable to resolve IP address for host name" if unattended: sys.exit(1) if options.ip_address: if options.ip_address != ip and not options.setup_dns: print >>sys.stderr, "Error: the hostname resolves to an IP address that is different" print >>sys.stderr, "from the one provided on the command line. Please fix your DNS" print >>sys.stderr, "or /etc/hosts file and restart the installation." sys.exit(1) ip = options.ip_address if ip is None: ip = read_ip_address(host_name, fstore) root_logger.debug("read ip_address: %s\n" % str(ip)) ip_address = str(ip) # check /etc/hosts sanity, add a record when needed hosts_record = record_in_hosts(ip_address) if hosts_record is None: if ip_add_to_hosts: print "Adding ["+ip_address+" "+host_name+"] to your /etc/hosts file" fstore.backup_file("/etc/hosts") add_record_to_hosts(ip_address, host_name) else: primary_host = hosts_record[1][0] if primary_host != host_name: print >>sys.stderr, "Error: there is already a record in /etc/hosts for IP address %s:" \ % ip_address print >>sys.stderr, hosts_record[0], " ".join(hosts_record[1]) print >>sys.stderr, "Chosen hostname %s does not match configured canonical hostname %s" \ % (host_name, primary_host) print >>sys.stderr, "Please fix your /etc/hosts file and restart the installation." sys.exit(1) return ip def expand_replica_info(filename, password): """ Decrypt and expand a replica installation file into a temporary location. The caller is responsible to remove this directory. """ top_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp("ipa") tarfile = top_dir+"/files.tar" dir = top_dir + "/realm_info" ipautil.decrypt_file(filename, tarfile, password, top_dir) ipautil.run(["tar", "xf", tarfile, "-C", top_dir]) os.remove(tarfile) return top_dir, dir def read_replica_info(dir, rconfig): """ Read the contents of a replica installation file. rconfig is a ReplicaConfig object """ filename = dir + "/realm_info" fd = open(filename) config = SafeConfigParser() config.readfp(fd) rconfig.realm_name = config.get("realm", "realm_name") rconfig.master_host_name = config.get("realm", "master_host_name") rconfig.domain_name = config.get("realm", "domain_name") rconfig.host_name = config.get("realm", "destination_host") rconfig.subject_base = config.get("realm", "subject_base") try: rconfig.version = int(config.get("realm", "version")) except NoOptionError: pass def check_server_configuration(): """ Check if IPA server is configured on the system. This is done by checking if there are system restore (uninstall) files present on the system. Note that this check can only be run with root privileges. When IPA is not configured, this function raises a RuntimeError exception. Most convenient use case for the function is in install tools that require configured IPA for its function. """ server_fstore = sysrestore.FileStore('/var/lib/ipa/sysrestore') if not server_fstore.has_files(): raise RuntimeError("IPA is not configured on this system.") def remove_file(filename): """ Remove a file and log any exceptions raised. """ try: if os.path.exists(filename): os.unlink(filename) except Exception, e: root_logger.error('Error removing %s: %s' % (filename, str(e))) def rmtree(path): """ Remove a directory structure and log any exceptions raised. """ try: if os.path.exists(path): shutil.rmtree(path) except Exception, e: root_logger.error('Error removing %s: %s' % (path, str(e))) def is_ipa_configured(): """ Using the state and index install files determine if IPA is already configured. """ installed = False sstore = sysrestore.StateFile('/var/lib/ipa/sysrestore') fstore = sysrestore.FileStore('/var/lib/ipa/sysrestore') for module in IPA_MODULES: if sstore.has_state(module): root_logger.debug('%s is configured' % module) installed = True else: root_logger.debug('%s is not configured' % module) if fstore.has_files(): root_logger.debug('filestore has files') installed = True else: root_logger.debug('filestore is tracking no files') return installed def run_script(main_function, operation_name, log_file_name=None, fail_message=None): """Run the given function as a command-line utility This function: - Runs the given function - Formats any errors - Exits with the appropriate code :param main_function: Function to call :param log_file_name: Name of the log file (displayed on unexpected errors) :param operation_name: Name of the script :param fail_message: Optional message displayed on failure """ root_logger.info('Starting script: %s', operation_name) try: try: return_value = main_function() except BaseException, e: if isinstance(e, SystemExit) and (e.code is None or e.code == 0): # Not an error after all root_logger.info('The %s command was successful', operation_name) else: # Log at the DEBUG level, which is not output to the console # (unless in debug/verbose mode), but is written to a logfile # if one is open. tb = sys.exc_info()[2] root_logger.debug('\n'.join(traceback.format_tb(tb))) root_logger.debug('The %s command failed, exception: %s: %s', operation_name, type(e).__name__, e) if fail_message and not isinstance(e, SystemExit): print fail_message raise else: if return_value: root_logger.info('The %s command failed, return value %s', operation_name, return_value) else: root_logger.info('The %s command was successful', operation_name) sys.exit(return_value) except BaseException, error: message, exitcode = handle_error(error, log_file_name) if message: print >> sys.stderr, message sys.exit(exitcode) def handle_error(error, log_file_name=None): """Handle specific errors. Returns a message and return code""" if isinstance(error, SystemExit): if isinstance(error.code, int): return None, error.code elif error.code is None: return None, 0 else: return str(error), 1 if isinstance(error, RuntimeError): return str(error), 1 if isinstance(error, KeyboardInterrupt): return "Cancelled.", 1 if isinstance(error, admintool.ScriptError): return error.msg, error.rval if isinstance(error, socket.error): return error, 1 if isinstance(error, errors.ACIError): return error.message, 1 if isinstance(error, ldap.INVALID_CREDENTIALS): return "Invalid password", 1 if isinstance(error, ldap.INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS): return "Insufficient access", 1 if isinstance(error, ldap.LOCAL_ERROR): return error.args[0]['info'], 1 if isinstance(error, ldap.SERVER_DOWN): return error.args[0]['desc'], 1 if isinstance(error, ldap.LDAPError): return 'LDAP error: %s\n%s' % ( type(error).__name__, error.args[0]['info']), 1 if isinstance(error, config.IPAConfigError): message = "An IPA server to update cannot be found. Has one been configured yet?" message += "\nThe error was: %s" % error return message, 1 if isinstance(error, errors.LDAPError): return "An error occurred while performing operations: %s" % error, 1 if isinstance(error, HostnameLocalhost): message = textwrap.dedent(""" The hostname resolves to the localhost address (127.0.0.1/::1) Please change your /etc/hosts file so that the hostname resolves to the ip address of your network interface. Please fix your /etc/hosts file and restart the setup program """).strip() return message, 1 if log_file_name: message = "Unexpected error - see %s for details:" % log_file_name else: message = "Unexpected error" message += '\n%s: %s' % (type(error).__name__, error) return message, 1 def check_pkcs12(pkcs12_info, ca_file, hostname): """Check the given PKCS#12 with server cert and return the cert nickname This is used for files given to --*_pkcs12 to ipa-server-install and ipa-replica-prepare. Return a (server cert name, CA cert names) tuple """ pkcs12_filename, pkcs12_passwd = pkcs12_info root_logger.debug('Checking PKCS#12 certificate %s', pkcs12_filename) db_pwd_file = ipautil.write_tmp_file(ipautil.ipa_generate_password()) with certs.NSSDatabase() as nssdb: nssdb.create_db(db_pwd_file.name) # Import the CA cert first so it has a known nickname # (if it's present in the PKCS#12 it won't be overwritten) ca_cert_name = 'The Root CA' try: nssdb.import_pem_cert(ca_cert_name, "CT,C,C", ca_file) except (ValueError, RuntimeError) as e: raise ScriptError(str(e)) # Import everything in the PKCS#12 nssdb.import_pkcs12(pkcs12_filename, db_pwd_file.name, pkcs12_passwd) # Check we have exactly one server cert (one with a private key) server_certs = nssdb.find_server_certs() if not server_certs: raise ScriptError( 'no server certificate found in %s' % pkcs12_filename) if len(server_certs) > 1: raise ScriptError( '%s server certificates found in %s, expecting only one' % (len(server_certs), pkcs12_filename)) [(server_cert_name, server_cert_trust)] = server_certs # Check we have the whole cert chain & the CA is in it trust_chain = nssdb.get_trust_chain(server_cert_name) while trust_chain: if trust_chain[0] == ca_cert_name: break trust_chain = trust_chain[1:] else: raise ScriptError( '%s is not signed by %s, or the full certificate chain is not ' 'present in the PKCS#12 file' % (pkcs12_filename, ca_file)) if len(trust_chain) != 2: raise ScriptError( 'trust chain of the server certificate in %s contains %s ' 'certificates, expected 2' % (pkcs12_filename, len(trust_chain))) # Check server validity try: nssdb.verify_server_cert_validity(server_cert_name, hostname) except ValueError as e: raise ScriptError( 'The server certificate in %s is not valid: %s' % (pkcs12_filename, e)) return server_cert_name @contextmanager def private_ccache(path=None): if path is None: (desc, path) = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix='krbcc') os.close(desc) original_value = os.environ.get('KRB5CCNAME', None) os.environ['KRB5CCNAME'] = path try: yield finally: if original_value is not None: os.environ['KRB5CCNAME'] = original_value else: os.environ.pop('KRB5CCNAME') if os.path.exists(path): os.remove(path) @contextmanager def stopped_service(service, instance_name=""): """ Ensure that the specified service is stopped while the commands within this context are executed. Service is started at the end of the execution. """ if instance_name: log_instance_name = "@{instance}".format(instance=instance_name) else: log_instance_name = "" root_logger.debug('Ensuring that service %s%s is not running while ' 'the next set of commands is being executed.', service, log_instance_name) # Figure out if the service is running, if not, yield if not ipaservices.knownservices[service].is_running(instance_name): root_logger.debug('Service %s%s is not running, continue.', service, log_instance_name) yield else: # Stop the service, do the required stuff and start it again root_logger.debug('Stopping %s%s.', service, log_instance_name) ipaservices.knownservices[service].stop(instance_name) try: yield finally: root_logger.debug('Starting %s%s.', service, log_instance_name) ipaservices.knownservices[service].start(instance_name)