From a512bbf855ff0af474257475f2e6da7acd854f52 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yan Zheng Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2008 16:46:26 -0500 Subject: Btrfs: superblock duplication This patch implements superblock duplication. Superblocks are stored at offset 16K, 64M and 256G on every devices. Spaces used by superblocks are preserved by the allocator, which uses a reverse mapping function to find the logical addresses that correspond to superblocks. Thank you, Signed-off-by: Yan Zheng --- fs/btrfs/disk-io.c | 208 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------- fs/btrfs/disk-io.h | 17 +++- fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c | 54 ++++++------ fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c | 1 - fs/btrfs/transaction.c | 2 +- fs/btrfs/tree-log.c | 3 +- fs/btrfs/volumes.c | 107 ++++++++++++++++++----- fs/btrfs/volumes.h | 6 +- 8 files changed, 279 insertions(+), 119 deletions(-) (limited to 'fs/btrfs') diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c index 61dc3b2c834..c72f4f3b912 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c @@ -1595,8 +1595,7 @@ struct btrfs_root *open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, fs_info, BTRFS_ROOT_TREE_OBJECTID); - bh = __bread(fs_devices->latest_bdev, - BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET / 4096, 4096); + bh = btrfs_read_dev_super(fs_devices->latest_bdev); if (!bh) goto fail_iput; @@ -1710,7 +1709,7 @@ struct btrfs_root *open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, } mutex_lock(&fs_info->chunk_mutex); - ret = btrfs_read_sys_array(tree_root); + ret = btrfs_read_sys_array(tree_root, btrfs_super_bytenr(disk_super)); mutex_unlock(&fs_info->chunk_mutex); if (ret) { printk("btrfs: failed to read the system array on %s\n", @@ -1905,19 +1904,147 @@ static void btrfs_end_buffer_write_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate) put_bh(bh); } -static int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root) +struct buffer_head *btrfs_read_dev_super(struct block_device *bdev) +{ + struct buffer_head *bh; + struct buffer_head *latest = NULL; + struct btrfs_super_block *super; + int i; + u64 transid = 0; + u64 bytenr; + + /* we would like to check all the supers, but that would make + * a btrfs mount succeed after a mkfs from a different FS. + * So, we need to add a special mount option to scan for + * later supers, using BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX instead + */ + for (i = 0; i < 1; i++) { + bytenr = btrfs_sb_offset(i); + if (bytenr + 4096 >= i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode)) + break; + bh = __bread(bdev, bytenr / 4096, 4096); + if (!bh) + continue; + + super = (struct btrfs_super_block *)bh->b_data; + if (btrfs_super_bytenr(super) != bytenr || + strncmp((char *)(&super->magic), BTRFS_MAGIC, + sizeof(super->magic))) { + brelse(bh); + continue; + } + + if (!latest || btrfs_super_generation(super) > transid) { + brelse(latest); + latest = bh; + transid = btrfs_super_generation(super); + } else { + brelse(bh); + } + } + return latest; +} + +static int write_dev_supers(struct btrfs_device *device, + struct btrfs_super_block *sb, + int do_barriers, int wait, int max_mirrors) +{ + struct buffer_head *bh; + int i; + int ret; + int errors = 0; + u32 crc; + u64 bytenr; + int last_barrier = 0; + + if (max_mirrors == 0) + max_mirrors = BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; + + /* make sure only the last submit_bh does a barrier */ + if (do_barriers) { + for (i = 0; i < max_mirrors; i++) { + bytenr = btrfs_sb_offset(i); + if (bytenr + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE >= + device->total_bytes) + break; + last_barrier = i; + } + } + + for (i = 0; i < max_mirrors; i++) { + bytenr = btrfs_sb_offset(i); + if (bytenr + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE >= device->total_bytes) + break; + + if (wait) { + bh = __find_get_block(device->bdev, bytenr / 4096, + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); + BUG_ON(!bh); + brelse(bh); + wait_on_buffer(bh); + if (buffer_uptodate(bh)) { + brelse(bh); + continue; + } + } else { + btrfs_set_super_bytenr(sb, bytenr); + + crc = ~(u32)0; + crc = btrfs_csum_data(NULL, (char *)sb + + BTRFS_CSUM_SIZE, crc, + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE - + BTRFS_CSUM_SIZE); + btrfs_csum_final(crc, sb->csum); + + bh = __getblk(device->bdev, bytenr / 4096, + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); + memcpy(bh->b_data, sb, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); + + set_buffer_uptodate(bh); + get_bh(bh); + lock_buffer(bh); + bh->b_end_io = btrfs_end_buffer_write_sync; + } + + if (i == last_barrier && do_barriers && device->barriers) { + ret = submit_bh(WRITE_BARRIER, bh); + if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) { + printk("btrfs: disabling barriers on dev %s\n", + device->name); + set_buffer_uptodate(bh); + device->barriers = 0; + get_bh(bh); + lock_buffer(bh); + ret = submit_bh(WRITE, bh); + } + } else { + ret = submit_bh(WRITE, bh); + } + + if (!ret && wait) { + wait_on_buffer(bh); + if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) + errors++; + } else if (ret) { + errors++; + } + if (wait) + brelse(bh); + } + return errors < i ? 0 : -1; +} + +int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root, int max_mirrors) { struct list_head *cur; struct list_head *head = &root->fs_info->fs_devices->devices; struct btrfs_device *dev; struct btrfs_super_block *sb; struct btrfs_dev_item *dev_item; - struct buffer_head *bh; int ret; int do_barriers; int max_errors; int total_errors = 0; - u32 crc; u64 flags; max_errors = btrfs_super_num_devices(&root->fs_info->super_copy) - 1; @@ -1944,40 +2071,11 @@ static int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root) btrfs_set_stack_device_sector_size(dev_item, dev->sector_size); memcpy(dev_item->uuid, dev->uuid, BTRFS_UUID_SIZE); memcpy(dev_item->fsid, dev->fs_devices->fsid, BTRFS_UUID_SIZE); + flags = btrfs_super_flags(sb); btrfs_set_super_flags(sb, flags | BTRFS_HEADER_FLAG_WRITTEN); - - crc = ~(u32)0; - crc = btrfs_csum_data(root, (char *)sb + BTRFS_CSUM_SIZE, crc, - BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE - BTRFS_CSUM_SIZE); - btrfs_csum_final(crc, sb->csum); - - bh = __getblk(dev->bdev, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET / 4096, - BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); - - memcpy(bh->b_data, sb, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); - dev->pending_io = bh; - - get_bh(bh); - set_buffer_uptodate(bh); - lock_buffer(bh); - bh->b_end_io = btrfs_end_buffer_write_sync; - - if (do_barriers && dev->barriers) { - ret = submit_bh(WRITE_BARRIER, bh); - if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) { - printk("btrfs: disabling barriers on dev %s\n", - dev->name); - set_buffer_uptodate(bh); - dev->barriers = 0; - get_bh(bh); - lock_buffer(bh); - ret = submit_bh(WRITE, bh); - } - } else { - ret = submit_bh(WRITE, bh); - } + ret = write_dev_supers(dev, sb, do_barriers, 0, max_mirrors); if (ret) total_errors++; } @@ -1985,8 +2083,8 @@ static int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root) printk("btrfs: %d errors while writing supers\n", total_errors); BUG(); } - total_errors = 0; + total_errors = 0; list_for_each(cur, head) { dev = list_entry(cur, struct btrfs_device, dev_list); if (!dev->bdev) @@ -1994,29 +2092,9 @@ static int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root) if (!dev->in_fs_metadata || !dev->writeable) continue; - BUG_ON(!dev->pending_io); - bh = dev->pending_io; - wait_on_buffer(bh); - if (!buffer_uptodate(dev->pending_io)) { - if (do_barriers && dev->barriers) { - printk("btrfs: disabling barriers on dev %s\n", - dev->name); - set_buffer_uptodate(bh); - get_bh(bh); - lock_buffer(bh); - dev->barriers = 0; - ret = submit_bh(WRITE, bh); - BUG_ON(ret); - wait_on_buffer(bh); - if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) - total_errors++; - } else { - total_errors++; - } - - } - dev->pending_io = NULL; - brelse(bh); + ret = write_dev_supers(dev, sb, do_barriers, 1, max_mirrors); + if (ret) + total_errors++; } if (total_errors > max_errors) { printk("btrfs: %d errors while writing supers\n", total_errors); @@ -2025,12 +2103,12 @@ static int write_all_supers(struct btrfs_root *root) return 0; } -int write_ctree_super(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, struct btrfs_root - *root) +int write_ctree_super(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, + struct btrfs_root *root, int max_mirrors) { int ret; - ret = write_all_supers(root); + ret = write_all_supers(root, max_mirrors); return ret; } @@ -2116,7 +2194,7 @@ int btrfs_commit_super(struct btrfs_root *root) ret = btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(NULL, root); BUG_ON(ret); - ret = write_ctree_super(NULL, root); + ret = write_ctree_super(NULL, root, 0); return ret; } diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h index 717e94811e4..c0ff404c31b 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h +++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h @@ -19,8 +19,20 @@ #ifndef __DISKIO__ #define __DISKIO__ -#define BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET (16 * 1024) +#define BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET (64 * 1024) #define BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE 4096 + +#define BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX 3 +#define BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_SHIFT 12 + +static inline u64 btrfs_sb_offset(int mirror) +{ + u64 start = 16 * 1024; + if (mirror) + return start << (BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_SHIFT * mirror); + return BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET; +} + struct btrfs_device; struct btrfs_fs_devices; @@ -37,7 +49,8 @@ struct btrfs_root *open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, char *options); int close_ctree(struct btrfs_root *root); int write_ctree_super(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, - struct btrfs_root *root); + struct btrfs_root *root, int max_mirrors); +struct buffer_head *btrfs_read_dev_super(struct block_device *bdev); int btrfs_commit_super(struct btrfs_root *root); struct extent_buffer *btrfs_find_tree_block(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr, u32 blocksize); diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c index d1563852938..803647bc840 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c @@ -189,6 +189,29 @@ static int add_new_free_space(struct btrfs_block_group_cache *block_group, return 0; } +static int remove_sb_from_cache(struct btrfs_root *root, + struct btrfs_block_group_cache *cache) +{ + u64 bytenr; + u64 *logical; + int stripe_len; + int i, nr, ret; + + for (i = 0; i < BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; i++) { + bytenr = btrfs_sb_offset(i); + ret = btrfs_rmap_block(&root->fs_info->mapping_tree, + cache->key.objectid, bytenr, 0, + &logical, &nr, &stripe_len); + BUG_ON(ret); + while (nr--) { + btrfs_remove_free_space(cache, logical[nr], + stripe_len); + } + kfree(logical); + } + return 0; +} + static int cache_block_group(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_block_group_cache *block_group) { @@ -197,9 +220,7 @@ static int cache_block_group(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_key key; struct extent_buffer *leaf; int slot; - u64 last = 0; - u64 first_free; - int found = 0; + u64 last = block_group->key.objectid; if (!block_group) return 0; @@ -220,23 +241,13 @@ static int cache_block_group(struct btrfs_root *root, * skip the locking here */ path->skip_locking = 1; - first_free = max_t(u64, block_group->key.objectid, - BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET + BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); - key.objectid = block_group->key.objectid; + key.objectid = last; key.offset = 0; btrfs_set_key_type(&key, BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY); ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0); if (ret < 0) goto err; - ret = btrfs_previous_item(root, path, 0, BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY); - if (ret < 0) - goto err; - if (ret == 0) { - leaf = path->nodes[0]; - btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, path->slots[0]); - if (key.objectid + key.offset > first_free) - first_free = key.objectid + key.offset; - } + while(1) { leaf = path->nodes[0]; slot = path->slots[0]; @@ -258,11 +269,6 @@ static int cache_block_group(struct btrfs_root *root, break; if (btrfs_key_type(&key) == BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY) { - if (!found) { - last = first_free; - found = 1; - } - add_new_free_space(block_group, root->fs_info, last, key.objectid); @@ -272,13 +278,11 @@ next: path->slots[0]++; } - if (!found) - last = first_free; - add_new_free_space(block_group, root->fs_info, last, block_group->key.objectid + block_group->key.offset); + remove_sb_from_cache(root, block_group); block_group->cached = 1; ret = 0; err: @@ -1974,10 +1978,8 @@ static int update_block_group(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, if (alloc) { old_val += num_bytes; cache->space_info->bytes_used += num_bytes; - if (cache->ro) { + if (cache->ro) cache->space_info->bytes_readonly -= num_bytes; - WARN_ON(1); - } btrfs_set_block_group_used(&cache->item, old_val); spin_unlock(&cache->lock); spin_unlock(&cache->space_info->lock); diff --git a/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c b/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c index 09462adfbe3..2e69b9c3043 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c @@ -290,7 +290,6 @@ __btrfs_remove_free_space(struct btrfs_block_group_cache *block_group, ret = -EINVAL; goto out; } - unlink_free_space(block_group, info); if (info->bytes == bytes) { diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c index c38f6a0e30b..47cd5fcad2c 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ int btrfs_commit_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, mutex_unlock(&root->fs_info->trans_mutex); ret = btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(trans, root); BUG_ON(ret); - write_ctree_super(trans, root); + write_ctree_super(trans, root, 0); /* * the super is written, we can safely allow the tree-loggers diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c index 08469ec0585..d3f9c2c663c 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c @@ -1996,7 +1996,7 @@ int btrfs_sync_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, btrfs_set_super_log_root_level(&root->fs_info->super_for_commit, btrfs_header_level(log->fs_info->log_root_tree->node)); - write_ctree_super(trans, log->fs_info->tree_root); + write_ctree_super(trans, log->fs_info->tree_root, 2); log->fs_info->tree_log_transid++; log->fs_info->tree_log_batch = 0; atomic_set(&log->fs_info->tree_log_commit, 0); @@ -2006,7 +2006,6 @@ int btrfs_sync_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, out: mutex_unlock(&log->fs_info->tree_log_mutex); return 0; - } /* * free all the extents used by the tree log. This should be called diff --git a/fs/btrfs/volumes.c b/fs/btrfs/volumes.c index 2049d179ccd..a79b3cc09e9 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/volumes.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/volumes.c @@ -423,15 +423,11 @@ int __btrfs_open_devices(struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices, } set_blocksize(bdev, 4096); - bh = __bread(bdev, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET / 4096, 4096); + bh = btrfs_read_dev_super(bdev); if (!bh) goto error_close; disk_super = (struct btrfs_super_block *)bh->b_data; - if (strncmp((char *)(&disk_super->magic), BTRFS_MAGIC, - sizeof(disk_super->magic))) - goto error_brelse; - devid = le64_to_cpu(disk_super->dev_item.devid); if (devid != device->devid) goto error_brelse; @@ -529,17 +525,12 @@ int btrfs_scan_one_device(const char *path, fmode_t flags, void *holder, ret = set_blocksize(bdev, 4096); if (ret) goto error_close; - bh = __bread(bdev, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET / 4096, 4096); + bh = btrfs_read_dev_super(bdev); if (!bh) { ret = -EIO; goto error_close; } disk_super = (struct btrfs_super_block *)bh->b_data; - if (strncmp((char *)(&disk_super->magic), BTRFS_MAGIC, - sizeof(disk_super->magic))) { - ret = -EINVAL; - goto error_brelse; - } devid = le64_to_cpu(disk_super->dev_item.devid); transid = btrfs_super_generation(disk_super); if (disk_super->label[0]) @@ -553,7 +544,6 @@ int btrfs_scan_one_device(const char *path, fmode_t flags, void *holder, printk("devid %Lu transid %Lu %s\n", devid, transid, path); ret = device_list_add(path, disk_super, devid, fs_devices_ret); -error_brelse: brelse(bh); error_close: close_bdev_exclusive(bdev, flags); @@ -1016,17 +1006,12 @@ int btrfs_rm_device(struct btrfs_root *root, char *device_path) } set_blocksize(bdev, 4096); - bh = __bread(bdev, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET / 4096, 4096); + bh = btrfs_read_dev_super(bdev); if (!bh) { ret = -EIO; goto error_close; } disk_super = (struct btrfs_super_block *)bh->b_data; - if (strncmp((char *)(&disk_super->magic), BTRFS_MAGIC, - sizeof(disk_super->magic))) { - ret = -ENOENT; - goto error_brelse; - } devid = le64_to_cpu(disk_super->dev_item.devid); dev_uuid = disk_super->dev_item.uuid; device = btrfs_find_device(root, devid, dev_uuid, @@ -2563,6 +2548,88 @@ int btrfs_map_block(struct btrfs_mapping_tree *map_tree, int rw, mirror_num, NULL); } +int btrfs_rmap_block(struct btrfs_mapping_tree *map_tree, + u64 chunk_start, u64 physical, u64 devid, + u64 **logical, int *naddrs, int *stripe_len) +{ + struct extent_map_tree *em_tree = &map_tree->map_tree; + struct extent_map *em; + struct map_lookup *map; + u64 *buf; + u64 bytenr; + u64 length; + u64 stripe_nr; + int i, j, nr = 0; + + spin_lock(&em_tree->lock); + em = lookup_extent_mapping(em_tree, chunk_start, 1); + spin_unlock(&em_tree->lock); + + BUG_ON(!em || em->start != chunk_start); + map = (struct map_lookup *)em->bdev; + + length = em->len; + if (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID10) + do_div(length, map->num_stripes / map->sub_stripes); + else if (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID0) + do_div(length, map->num_stripes); + + buf = kzalloc(sizeof(u64) * map->num_stripes, GFP_NOFS); + BUG_ON(!buf); + + for (i = 0; i < map->num_stripes; i++) { + if (devid && map->stripes[i].dev->devid != devid) + continue; + if (map->stripes[i].physical > physical || + map->stripes[i].physical + length <= physical) + continue; + + stripe_nr = physical - map->stripes[i].physical; + do_div(stripe_nr, map->stripe_len); + + if (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID10) { + stripe_nr = stripe_nr * map->num_stripes + i; + do_div(stripe_nr, map->sub_stripes); + } else if (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID0) { + stripe_nr = stripe_nr * map->num_stripes + i; + } + bytenr = chunk_start + stripe_nr * map->stripe_len; + for (j = 0; j < nr; j++) { + if (buf[j] == bytenr) + break; + } + if (j == nr) + buf[nr++] = bytenr; + } + + for (i = 0; i > nr; i++) { + struct btrfs_multi_bio *multi; + struct btrfs_bio_stripe *stripe; + int ret; + + length = 1; + ret = btrfs_map_block(map_tree, WRITE, buf[i], + &length, &multi, 0); + BUG_ON(ret); + + stripe = multi->stripes; + for (j = 0; j < multi->num_stripes; j++) { + if (stripe->physical >= physical && + physical < stripe->physical + length) + break; + } + BUG_ON(j >= multi->num_stripes); + kfree(multi); + } + + *logical = buf; + *naddrs = nr; + *stripe_len = map->stripe_len; + + free_extent_map(em); + return 0; +} + int btrfs_unplug_page(struct btrfs_mapping_tree *map_tree, u64 logical, struct page *page) { @@ -3003,7 +3070,7 @@ int btrfs_read_super_device(struct btrfs_root *root, struct extent_buffer *buf) return read_one_dev(root, buf, dev_item); } -int btrfs_read_sys_array(struct btrfs_root *root) +int btrfs_read_sys_array(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 sb_bytenr) { struct btrfs_super_block *super_copy = &root->fs_info->super_copy; struct extent_buffer *sb; @@ -3018,7 +3085,7 @@ int btrfs_read_sys_array(struct btrfs_root *root) u32 cur; struct btrfs_key key; - sb = btrfs_find_create_tree_block(root, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET, + sb = btrfs_find_create_tree_block(root, sb_bytenr, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_SIZE); if (!sb) return -ENOMEM; diff --git a/fs/btrfs/volumes.h b/fs/btrfs/volumes.h index fcbdcb3ae13..bdebe83c319 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/volumes.h +++ b/fs/btrfs/volumes.h @@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ struct btrfs_device { struct list_head dev_alloc_list; struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices; struct btrfs_root *dev_root; - struct buffer_head *pending_io; struct bio *pending_bios; struct bio *pending_bio_tail; int running_pending; @@ -125,7 +124,10 @@ int btrfs_alloc_dev_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, int btrfs_map_block(struct btrfs_mapping_tree *map_tree, int rw, u64 logical, u64 *length, struct btrfs_multi_bio **multi_ret, int mirror_num); -int btrfs_read_sys_array(struct btrfs_root *root); +int btrfs_rmap_block(struct btrfs_mapping_tree *map_tree, + u64 chunk_start, u64 physical, u64 devid, + u64 **logical, int *naddrs, int *stripe_len); +int btrfs_read_sys_array(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 sb_bytenr); int btrfs_read_chunk_tree(struct btrfs_root *root); int btrfs_alloc_chunk(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, struct btrfs_root *extent_root, u64 type); -- cgit