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* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: add common patching machineryJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Implement the actual patching machinery. paravirt_patch_default() contains the logic to automatically patch a callsite based on a few simple rules: - if the paravirt_op function is paravirt_nop, then patch nops - if the paravirt_op function is a jmp target, then jmp to it - if the paravirt_op function is callable and doesn't clobber too much for the callsite, call it directly paravirt_patch_default is suitable as a default implementation of paravirt_ops.patch, will remove most of the expensive indirect calls in favour of either a direct call or a pile of nops. Backends may implement their own patcher, however. There are several helper functions to help with this: paravirt_patch_nop nop out a callsite paravirt_patch_ignore leave the callsite as-is paravirt_patch_call patch a call if the caller and callee have compatible clobbers paravirt_patch_jmp patch in a jmp paravirt_patch_insns patch some literal instructions over the callsite, if they fit This patch also implements more direct patches for the native case, so that when running on native hardware many common operations are implemented inline. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com> Cc: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Document asm-i386/paravirt.hJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-10/+121
| | | | | | | | | | Clean things up, and broadly document: - the paravirt_ops functions themselves - the patching mechanism Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Consistently wrap paravirt ops callsites to make ↵Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-126/+560
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | them patchable Wrap a set of interesting paravirt_ops calls in a wrapper which makes the callsites available for patching. Unfortunately this is pretty ugly because there's no way to get gcc to generate a function call, but also wrap just the callsite itself with the necessary labels. This patch supports functions with 0-4 arguments, and either void or returning a value. 64-bit arguments must be split into a pair of 32-bit arguments (lower word first). Small structures are returned in registers. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com> Cc: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Fix patch site clobbers to include return registerJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-8/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix a few clobbers to include the return register. The clobbers set is the set of all registers modified (or may be modified) by the code snippet, regardless of whether it was deliberate or accidental. Also, make sure that callsites which are used in contexts which don't allow clobbers actually save and restore all clobberable registers. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Use patch site IDs computed from offset in ↵Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-85/+92
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | paravirt_ops structure Use patch type identifiers derived from the offset of the operation in the paravirt_ops structure. This avoids having to maintain a separate enum for patch site types. Also, since the identifier is derived from the offset into paravirt_ops, the offset can be derived from the identifier. This is used to remove replicated information in the various callsite macros, which has been a source of bugs in the past. This patch also drops the fused save_fl+cli operation, which doesn't really add much and makes things more complex - specifically because it breaks the 1:1 relationship between identifiers and offsets. If this operation turns out to be particularly beneficial, then the right answer is to define a new entrypoint for it. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: rename struct paravirt_patch to paravirt_patch_site ↵Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-022-4/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | for clarity Rename struct paravirt_patch to paravirt_patch_site, so that it clearly refers to a callsite, and not the patch which may be applied to that callsite. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
* [PATCH] x86: PARAVIRT: add hooks to intercept mm creation and destructionJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-0227-3/+86
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add hooks to allow a paravirt implementation to track the lifetime of an mm. Paravirtualization requires three hooks, but only two are needed in common code. They are: arch_dup_mmap, which is called when a new mmap is created at fork arch_exit_mmap, which is called when the last process reference to an mm is dropped, which typically happens on exit and exec. The third hook is activate_mm, which is called from the arch-specific activate_mm() macro/function, and so doesn't need stub versions for other architectures. It's called when an mm is first used. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@SteelEye.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Allow paravirt backend to choose kernel PMD sharingJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-026-4/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Normally when running in PAE mode, the 4th PMD maps the kernel address space, which can be shared among all processes (since they all need the same kernel mappings). Xen, however, does not allow guests to have the kernel pmd shared between page tables, so parameterize pgtable.c to allow both modes of operation. There are several side-effects of this. One is that vmalloc will update the kernel address space mappings, and those updates need to be propagated into all processes if the kernel mappings are not intrinsically shared. In the non-PAE case, this is done by maintaining a pgd_list of all processes; this list is used when all process pagetables must be updated. pgd_list is threaded via otherwise unused entries in the page structure for the pgd, which means that the pgd must be page-sized for this to work. Normally the PAE pgd is only 4x64 byte entries large, but Xen requires the PAE pgd to page aligned anyway, so this patch forces the pgd to be page aligned+sized when the kernel pmd is unshared, to accomodate both these requirements. Also, since there may be several distinct kernel pmds (if the user/kernel split is below 3G), there's no point in allocating them from a slab cache; they're just allocated with get_free_page and initialized appropriately. (Of course the could be cached if there is just a single kernel pmd - which is the default with a 3G user/kernel split - but it doesn't seem worthwhile to add yet another case into this code). [ Many thanks to wli for review comments. ] Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Allocate a fixmap slotJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Allocate a fixmap slot for use by a paravirt_ops implementation. This is intended for early-boot bootstrap mappings. Once the zones and allocator have been set up, it would be better to use get_vm_area() to allocate some virtual space. Xen uses this to map the hypervisor's shared info page, which doesn't have a pseudo-physical page number, and therefore can't be mapped ordinarily. It is needed early because it contains the vcpu state, including the interrupt mask. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Hooks to set up initial pagetableJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-022-1/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch introduces paravirt_ops hooks to control how the kernel's initial pagetable is set up. In the case of a native boot, the very early bootstrap code creates a simple non-PAE pagetable to map the kernel and physical memory. When the VM subsystem is initialized, it creates a proper pagetable which respects the PAE mode, large pages, etc. When booting under a hypervisor, there are many possibilities for what paging environment the hypervisor establishes for the guest kernel, so the constructon of the kernel's pagetable depends on the hypervisor. In the case of Xen, the hypervisor boots the kernel with a fully constructed pagetable, which is already using PAE if necessary. Also, Xen requires particular care when constructing pagetables to make sure all pagetables are always mapped read-only. In order to make this easier, kernel's initial pagetable construction has been changed to only allocate and initialize a pagetable page if there's no page already present in the pagetable. This allows the Xen paravirt backend to make a copy of the hypervisor-provided pagetable, allowing the kernel to establish any more mappings it needs while keeping the existing ones. A slightly subtle point which is worth highlighting here is that Xen requires all kernel mappings to share the same pte_t pages between all pagetables, so that updating a kernel page's mapping in one pagetable is reflected in all other pagetables. This makes it possible to allocate a page and attach it to a pagetable without having to explicitly enumerate that page's mapping in all pagetables. And: +From: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> If we don't set the leaf page table entries it is quite possible that will inherit and incorrect page table entry from the initial boot page table setup in head.S. So we need to redo the effort here, so we pick up PSE, PGE and the like. Hypervisors like Xen require that their page tables be read-only, which is slightly incompatible with our low identity mappings, however I discussed this with Jeremy he has modified the Xen early set_pte function to avoid problems in this area. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: William Irwin <bill.irwin@oracle.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: Add pagetable accessors to pack and unpack pagetable ↵Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-025-53/+169
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | entries Add a set of accessors to pack, unpack and modify page table entries (at all levels). This allows a paravirt implementation to control the contents of pgd/pmd/pte entries. For example, Xen uses this to convert the (pseudo-)physical address into a machine address when populating a pagetable entry, and converting back to pphys address when an entry is read. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* [PATCH] i386: PARAVIRT: use paravirt_nop to consistently mark no-op operationsJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a _paravirt_nop function for use as a stub for no-op operations, and paravirt_nop #defined void * version to make using it easier (since all its uses are as a void *). This is useful to allow the patcher to automatically identify noop operations so it can simply nop out the callsite. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> [mingo] but only as a cleanup of the current open-coded (void *) casts. My problem with this is that it loses the types. Not that there is much to check for, but still, this adds some assumptions about how function calls look like
* [PATCH] i386: i386 separate hardware-defined TSS from Linux additionsRusty Russell2007-05-021-8/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On Thu, 2007-03-29 at 13:16 +0200, Andi Kleen wrote: > Please clean it up properly with two structs. Not sure about this, now I've done it. Running it here. If you like it, I can do x86-64 as well. == lguest defines its own TSS struct because the "struct tss_struct" contains linux-specific additions. Andi asked me to split the struct in processor.h. Unfortunately it makes usage a little awkward. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: Remove smp_alt_instructionsJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-5/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | The .smp_altinstructions section and its corresponding symbols are completely unused, so remove them. Also, remove stray #ifdef __KENREL__ in asm-i386/alternative.h Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: Clean up x86 control register and MSR macros (corrected)H. Peter Anvin2007-05-0210-592/+356
| | | | | | | | | | | | This patch is based on Rusty's recent cleanup of the EFLAGS-related macros; it extends the same kind of cleanup to control registers and MSRs. It also unifies these between i386 and x86-64; at least with regards to MSRs, the two had definitely gotten out of sync. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: Don't use MWAIT on AMD Family 10Andi Kleen2007-05-022-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | It doesn't put the CPU into deeper sleep states, so it's better to use the standard idle loop to save power. But allow to reenable it anyways for benchmarking. I also removed the obsolete idle=halt on i386 Cc: andreas.herrmann@amd.com Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Clean up asm-x86_64/bugs.hJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-022-26/+5
| | | | | | | | | Most of asm-x86_64/bugs.h is code which should be in a C file, so put it there. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Make COMPAT_VDSO runtime selectable.Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-2/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that relocation of the VDSO for COMPAT_VDSO users is done at runtime rather than compile time, it is possible to enable/disable compat mode at runtime. This patch allows you to enable COMPAT_VDSO mode with "vdso=2" on the kernel command line, or via sysctl. (Switching on a running system shouldn't be done lightly; any process which was relying on the compat VDSO will be upset if it goes away.) The COMPAT_VDSO config option still exists, but if enabled it just makes vdso_enabled default to VDSO_COMPAT. +From: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Fix oops from i386-make-compat_vdso-runtime-selectable.patch. Even mingetty at system startup finds it easy to trigger an oops while reading /proc/PID/maps: though it has a good hold on the mm itself, that cannot stop exit_mm() from resetting tsk->mm to NULL. (It is usually show_map()'s call to get_gate_vma() which oopses, and I expect we could change that to check priv->tail_vma instead; but no matter, even m_start()'s call just after get_task_mm() is racy.) Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com> Cc: "Jan Beulich" <JBeulich@novell.com> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
* [PATCH] i386: Relocate VDSO ELF headers to match mapped location with ↵Jeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-023-24/+29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | COMPAT_VDSO Some versions of libc can't deal with a VDSO which doesn't have its ELF headers matching its mapped address. COMPAT_VDSO maps the VDSO at a specific system-wide fixed address. Previously this was all done at build time, on the grounds that the fixed VDSO address is always at the top of the address space. However, a hypervisor may reserve some of that address space, pushing the fixmap address down. This patch does the adjustment dynamically at runtime, depending on the runtime location of the VDSO fixmap. [ Patch has been through several hands: Jan Beulich wrote the orignal version; Zach reworked it, and Jeremy converted it to relocate phdrs as well as sections. ] Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com> Cc: "Jan Beulich" <JBeulich@novell.com> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
* [PATCH] i386: clean up identify_cpuJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | identify_cpu() is used to identify both the boot CPU and secondary CPUs, but it performs some actions which only apply to the boot CPU. Those functions are therefore really __init functions, but because they're called by identify_cpu(), they must be marked __cpuinit. This patch splits identify_cpu() into identify_boot_cpu() and identify_secondary_cpu(), and calls the appropriate init functions from each. Also, identify_boot_cpu() and all the functions it dominates are marked __init. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: Clean up asm-i386/bugs.hJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-022-190/+5
| | | | | | | | Most of asm-i386/bugs.h is code which should be in a C file, so put it there. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: fix arithmetic in commentAvi Kivity2007-05-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | The xmm space on x86_64 is 256 bytes. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Use X86_EFLAGS_IF in x86-64/irqflags.h.Andi Kleen2007-05-023-25/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | As per i386 patch: move X86_EFLAGS_IF et al out to a new header: processor-flags.h, so we can include it from irqflags.h and use it in raw_irqs_disabled_flags(). As a side-effect, we could now use these flags in .S files. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: fix amd64-agp aperture validationJan Beulich2007-05-021-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | Under CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM, assuming that a !pfn_valid() implies all subsequent pfn-s are also invalid is wrong. Thus replace this by explicitly checking against the E820 map. AK: make e820 on x86-64 not initdata Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Mark Langsdorf <mark.langsdorf@amd.com>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Account for module percpu space separately from kernel percpuJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-024-35/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rather than using a single constant PERCPU_ENOUGH_ROOM, compute it as the sum of kernel_percpu + PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE. This is now common to all architectures; if an architecture wants to set PERCPU_ENOUGH_ROOM to something special, then it may do so (ia64 is the only one which does). Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: Add machine_ops interface to abstract halting and rebootingJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-0/+20
| | | | | | | | | | machine_ops is an interface for the machine_* functions defined in <linux/reboot.h>. This is intended to allow hypervisors to intercept the reboot process, but it could be used to implement other x86 subarchtecture reboots. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: Add smp_ops interfaceJeremy Fitzhardinge2007-05-021-0/+53
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a smp_ops interface. This abstracts the API defined by <linux/smp.h> for use within arch/i386. The primary intent is that it be used by a paravirtualizing hypervisor to implement SMP, but it could also be used by non-APIC-using sub-architectures. This is related to CONFIG_PARAVIRT, but is implemented unconditionally since it is simpler that way and not a highly performance-sensitive interface. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
* [PATCH] i386: cleanup GDT AccessRusty Russell2007-05-021-5/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Now we have an explicit per-cpu GDT variable, we don't need to keep the descriptors around to use them to find the GDT: expose cpu_gdt directly. We could go further and make load_gdt() pack the descriptor for us, or even assume it means "load the current cpu's GDT" which is what it always does. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86: sys_ioperm() prototype cleanupAdrian Bunk2007-05-021-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | - there's no reason for duplicating the prototype from include/linux/syscalls.h in include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h - every file should #include the headers containing the prototypes for it's global functions Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: use lru instead of page->index and page->private for pgd ↵Christoph Lameter2007-05-022-12/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | lists management. x86_64 currently simulates a list using the index and private fields of the page struct. Seems that the code was inherited from i386. But x86_64 does not use the slab to allocate pgds and pmds etc. So the lru field is not used by the slab and therefore available. This patch uses standard list operations on page->lru to realize pgd tracking. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Use X86_EFLAGS_IF in irqflags.h.Andi Kleen2007-05-023-22/+29
| | | | | | | | | | Move X86_EFLAGS_IF et al out to a new header: processor-flags.h, so we can include it from irqflags.h and use it in raw_irqs_disabled_flags(). As a side-effect, we could now use these flags in .S files. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: tighten kernel image page access rightsJan Beulich2007-05-021-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On x86-64, kernel memory freed after init can be entirely unmapped instead of just getting 'poisoned' by overwriting with a debug pattern. On i386 and x86-64 (under CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA), kernel text and bug table can also be write-protected. Compared to the first version, this one prevents re-creating deleted mappings in the kernel image range on x86-64, if those got removed previously. This, together with the original changes, prevents temporarily having inconsistent mappings when cacheability attributes are being changed on such pages (e.g. from AGP code). While on i386 such duplicate mappings don't exist, the same change is done there, too, both for consistency and because checking pte_present() before using various other pte_XXX functions is a requirement anyway. At once, i386 code gets adjusted to use pte_huge() instead of open coding this. AK: split out cpa() changes Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: Improve handling of kernel mappings in change_page_attrJan Beulich2007-05-021-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | Fix various broken corner cases in i386 and x86-64 change_page_attr. AK: split off from tighten kernel image access rights Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: rationalize paravirt wrappersRusty Russell2007-05-027-187/+384
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | paravirt.c used to implement native versions of all low-level functions. Far cleaner is to have the native versions exposed in the headers and as inline native_XXX, and if !CONFIG_PARAVIRT, then simply #define XXX native_XXX. There are several nice side effects: 1) write_dt_entry() now takes the correct "struct Xgt_desc_struct *" not "void *". 2) load_TLS is reintroduced to the for loop, not manually unrolled with a #error in case the bounds ever change. 3) Macros become inlines, with type checking. 4) Access to the native versions is trivial for KVM, lguest, Xen and others who might want it. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: clean up cpu_init()Rusty Russell2007-05-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | We now have cpu_init() and secondary_cpu_init() doing nothing but calling _cpu_init() with the same arguments. Rename _cpu_init() to cpu_init() and use it as a replcement for secondary_cpu_init(). Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Use per-cpu GDT immediately upon bootRusty Russell2007-05-022-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now we are no longer dynamically allocating the GDT, we don't need the "cpu_gdt_table" at all: we can switch straight from "boot_gdt_table" to the per-cpu GDT. This means initializing the cpu_gdt array in C. The boot CPU uses the per-cpu var directly, then in smp_prepare_cpus() it switches to the per-cpu copy just allocated. For secondary CPUs, the early_gdt_descr is set to point directly to their per-cpu copy. For UP the code is very simple: it keeps using the "per-cpu" GDT as per SMP, but we never have to move. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Use per-cpu variables for GDT, PDARusty Russell2007-05-024-5/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | Allocating PDA and GDT at boot is a pain. Using simple per-cpu variables adds happiness (although we need the GDT page-aligned for Xen, which we do in a followup patch). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Allow i386 crash kernels to handle x86_64 dumpsIan Campbell2007-05-022-0/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The specific case I am encountering is kdump under Xen with a 64 bit hypervisor and 32 bit kernel/userspace. The dump created is 64 bit due to the hypervisor but the dump kernel is 32 bit for maximum compatibility. It's possibly less likely to be useful in a purely native scenario but I see no reason to disallow it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Cc: Horms <horms@verge.net.au> Cc: Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@gmail.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Introduce load_TLS to the "for" loop.Rusty Russell2007-05-021-7/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | GCC (4.1 at least) unrolls it anyway, but I can't believe this code was ever justifiable. (I've also submitted a patch which cleans up i386, which is even uglier). Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] i386: Initialize esp0 properly all the timeRusty Russell2007-05-021-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Whenever we schedule, __switch_to calls load_esp0 which does: tss->esp0 = thread->esp0; This is never initialized for the initial thread (ie "swapper"), so when we're scheduling that, we end up setting esp0 to 0. This is fine: the swapper never leaves ring 0, so this field is never used. lguest, however, gets upset that we're trying to used an unmapped page as our kernel stack. Rather than work around it there, let's initialize it. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: configurable fake numa node sizesDavid Rientjes2007-05-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Extends the numa=fake x86_64 command-line option to allow for configurable node sizes. These nodes can be used in conjunction with cpusets for coarse memory resource management. The old command-line option is still supported: numa=fake=32 gives 32 fake NUMA nodes, ignoring the NUMA setup of the actual machine. But now you may configure your system for the node sizes of your choice: numa=fake=2*512,1024,2*256 gives two 512M nodes, one 1024M node, two 256M nodes, and the rest of system memory to a sixth node. The existing hash function is maintained to support the various node sizes that are possible with this implementation. Each node of the same size receives roughly the same amount of available pages, regardless of any reserved memory with its address range. The total available pages on the system is calculated and divided by the number of equal nodes to allocate. These nodes are then dynamically allocated and their borders extended until such time as their number of available pages reaches the required size. Configurable node sizes are recommended when used in conjunction with cpusets for memory control because it eliminates the overhead associated with scanning the zonelists of many smaller full nodes on page_alloc(). Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86: Log reason why TSC was marked unstablejohn stultz2007-05-023-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change mark_tsc_unstable() so it takes a string argument, which holds the reason the TSC was marked unstable. This is then displayed the first time mark_tsc_unstable is called. This should help us better debug why the TSC was marked unstable on certain systems and allow us to make sure we're not being overly paranoid when throwing out this troublesome clocksource. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] i386: modpost apic related warning fixesVivek Goyal2007-05-022-39/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | o Modpost generates warnings for i386 if compiled with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=y WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:find_unisys_acpi_oem_table from .text between 'acpi_madt_oem_check' (at offset 0xc0101eda) and 'enable_apic_mode' WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:acpi_get_table_header_early from .text between 'acpi_madt_oem_check' (at offset 0xc0101ef0) and 'enable_apic_mode' WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:parse_unisys_oem from .text between 'acpi_madt_oem_check' (at offset 0xc0101f2e) and 'enable_apic_mode' WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:setup_unisys from .text between 'acpi_madt_oem_check' (at offset 0xc0101f37) and 'enable_apic_mode'WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:parse_unisys_oem from .text between 'mps_oem_check' (at offset 0xc0101ec7) and 'acpi_madt_oem_check' WARNING: vmlinux - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:es7000_sw_apic from .text between 'enable_apic_mode' (at offset 0xc0101f48) and 'check_apicid_present' o Some functions which are inline (acpi_madt_oem_check) are not inlined by compiler as these functions are accessed using function pointer. These functions are put in .text section and they in-turn access __init type functions hence modpost generates warnings. o Do not iniline acpi_madt_oem_check, instead make it __init. Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Set HASHDIST_DEFAULT to 1 for x86_64 NUMARavikiran G Thirumalai2007-05-021-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enable system hashtable memory to be distributed among nodes on x86_64 NUMA Forcing the kernel to use node interleaved vmalloc instead of bootmem for the system hashtable memory (alloc_large_system_hash) reduces the memory imbalance on node 0 by around 40MB on a 8 node x86_64 NUMA box: Before the following patch, on bootup of a 8 node box: Node 0 MemTotal: 3407488 kB Node 0 MemFree: 3206296 kB Node 0 MemUsed: 201192 kB Node 0 Active: 7012 kB Node 0 Inactive: 512 kB Node 0 Dirty: 0 kB Node 0 Writeback: 0 kB Node 0 FilePages: 1912 kB Node 0 Mapped: 420 kB Node 0 AnonPages: 5612 kB Node 0 PageTables: 468 kB Node 0 NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Node 0 Bounce: 0 kB Node 0 Slab: 5408 kB Node 0 SReclaimable: 644 kB Node 0 SUnreclaim: 4764 kB After the patch (or using hashdist=1 on the kernel command line): Node 0 MemTotal: 3407488 kB Node 0 MemFree: 3247608 kB Node 0 MemUsed: 159880 kB Node 0 Active: 3012 kB Node 0 Inactive: 616 kB Node 0 Dirty: 0 kB Node 0 Writeback: 0 kB Node 0 FilePages: 2424 kB Node 0 Mapped: 380 kB Node 0 AnonPages: 1200 kB Node 0 PageTables: 396 kB Node 0 NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Node 0 Bounce: 0 kB Node 0 Slab: 6304 kB Node 0 SReclaimable: 1596 kB Node 0 SUnreclaim: 4708 kB I guess it is a good idea to keep HASHDIST_DEFAULT "on" for x86_64 NUMA since x86_64 has no dearth of vmalloc space? Or maybe enable hash distribution for all 64bit NUMA arches? The following patch does it only for x86_64. I ran a HPC MPI benchmark -- 'Ansys wingsolid', which takes up quite a bit of memory and uses up tlb entries. This was on a 4 way, 2 socket Tyan AMD box (non vsmp), with 8G total memory (4G pernode). The results with and without hash distribution are: 1. Vanilla - runtime of 1188.000s 2. With hashdist=1 runtime of 1154.000s Oprofile output for the duration of run is: 1. Vanilla: PU: AMD64 processors, speed 2411.16 MHz (estimated) Counted L1_AND_L2_DTLB_MISSES events (L1 and L2 DTLB misses) with a unit mask of 0x00 (No unit mask) count 500 samples % app name symbol name 163054 6.5513 libansys1.so MultiFront::decompose(int, int, Elemset *, int *, int, int, int) 162061 6.5114 libansys3.so blockSaxpy6L_fd 162042 6.5107 libansys3.so blockInnerProduct6L_fd 156286 6.2794 libansys3.so maxb33_ 87879 3.5309 libansys1.so elmatrixmultpcg_ 84857 3.4095 libansys4.so saxpy_pcg 58637 2.3560 libansys4.so .st4560 46612 1.8728 libansys4.so .st4282 43043 1.7294 vmlinux-t copy_user_generic_string 41326 1.6604 libansys3.so blockSaxpyBackSolve6L_fd 41288 1.6589 libansys3.so blockInnerProductBackSolve6L_fd 2. With hashdist=1 CPU: AMD64 processors, speed 2411.13 MHz (estimated) Counted L1_AND_L2_DTLB_MISSES events (L1 and L2 DTLB misses) with a unit mask of 0x00 (No unit mask) count 500 samples % app name symbol name 162993 6.9814 libansys1.so MultiFront::decompose(int, int, Elemset *, int *, int, int, int) 160799 6.8874 libansys3.so blockInnerProduct6L_fd 160459 6.8729 libansys3.so blockSaxpy6L_fd 156018 6.6826 libansys3.so maxb33_ 84700 3.6279 libansys4.so saxpy_pcg 83434 3.5737 libansys1.so elmatrixmultpcg_ 58074 2.4875 libansys4.so .st4560 46000 1.9703 libansys4.so .st4282 41166 1.7632 libansys3.so blockSaxpyBackSolve6L_fd 41033 1.7575 libansys3.so blockInnerProductBackSolve6L_fd 35762 1.5318 libansys1.so inner_product_sub 35591 1.5245 libansys1.so inner_product_sub2 28259 1.2104 libansys4.so addVectors Signed-off-by: Pravin B. Shelar <pravin.shelar@calsoftinc.com> Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org> Signed-off-by: Shai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: fix x86_64-mm-sched-clock-shareAndrew Morton2007-05-021-3/+16
| | | | | | | | | | Fix for the following patch. Provide dummy cpufreq functions when CPUFREQ is not compiled in. Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: build-time checkingVivek Goyal2007-05-021-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | o X86_64 kernel should run from 2MB aligned address for two reasons. - Performance. - For relocatable kernels, page tables are updated based on difference between compile time address and load time physical address. This difference should be multiple of 2MB as kernel text and data is mapped using 2MB pages and PMD should be pointing to a 2MB aligned address. Life is simpler if both compile time and load time kernel addresses are 2MB aligned. o Flag the error at compile time if one is trying to build a kernel which does not meet alignment restrictions. Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Relocatable Kernel SupportVivek Goyal2007-05-021-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch modifies the x86_64 kernel so that it can be loaded and run at any 2M aligned address, below 512G. The technique used is to compile the decompressor with -fPIC and modify it so the decompressor is fully relocatable. For the main kernel the page tables are modified so the kernel remains at the same virtual address. In addition a variable phys_base is kept that holds the physical address the kernel is loaded at. __pa_symbol is modified to add that when we take the address of a kernel symbol. When loaded with a normal bootloader the decompressor will decompress the kernel to 2M and it will run there. This both ensures the relocation code is always working, and makes it easier to use 2M pages for the kernel and the cpu. AK: changed to not make RELOCATABLE default in Kconfig Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86: __pa and __pa_symbol address space separationVivek Goyal2007-05-022-6/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently __pa_symbol is for use with symbols in the kernel address map and __pa is for use with pointers into the physical memory map. But the code is implemented so you can usually interchange the two. __pa which is much more common can be implemented much more cheaply if it is it doesn't have to worry about any other kernel address spaces. This is especially true with a relocatable kernel as __pa_symbol needs to peform an extra variable read to resolve the address. There is a third macro that is added for the vsyscall data __pa_vsymbol for finding the physical addesses of vsyscall pages. Most of this patch is simply sorting through the references to __pa or __pa_symbol and using the proper one. A little of it is continuing to use a physical address when we have it instead of recalculating it several times. swapper_pgd is now NULL. leave_mm now uses init_mm.pgd and init_mm.pgd is initialized at boot (instead of compile time) to the physmem virtual mapping of init_level4_pgd. The physical address changed. Except for the for EMPTY_ZERO page all of the remaining references to __pa_symbol appear to be during kernel initialization. So this should reduce the cost of __pa in the common case, even on a relocated kernel. As this is technically a semantic change we need to be on the lookout for anything I missed. But it works for me (tm). Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: Remove the identity mapping as early as possibleVivek Goyal2007-05-022-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With the rewrite of the SMP trampoline and the early page allocator there is nothing that needs identity mapped pages, once we start executing C code. So add zap_identity_mappings into head64.c and remove zap_low_mappings() from much later in the code. The functions are subtly different thus the name change. This also kills boot_level4_pgt which was from an earlier attempt to move the identity mappings as early as possible, and is now no longer needed. Essentially I have replaced boot_level4_pgt with trampoline_level4_pgt in trampoline.S Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
* [PATCH] x86-64: wakeup.S rename registers to reflect right namesVivek Goyal2007-05-021-6/+6
| | | | | | | | o Use appropriate names for 64bit regsiters. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
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