/* * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays. * * Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Neil Brown * * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA * * Author: Neil Brown * Email: * Paper: Neil Brown * School of Computer Science and Engineering * The University of New South Wales * Sydney, 2052 * Australia */ #include "mdadm.h" #include "dlink.h" #if ! defined(__BIG_ENDIAN) && ! defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN) #error no endian defined #endif #include "md_u.h" #include "md_p.h" int Grow_Add_device(char *devname, int fd, char *newdev) { /* Add a device to an active array. * Currently, just extend a linear array. * This requires writing a new superblock on the * new device, calling the kernel to add the device, * and if that succeeds, update the superblock on * all other devices. * This means that we need to *find* all other devices. */ struct mdinfo info; void *super = NULL; struct stat stb; int nfd, fd2; int d, nd; struct supertype *st = NULL; if (ioctl(fd, GET_ARRAY_INFO, &info.array) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot get array info for %s\n", devname); return 1; } st = super_by_version(info.array.major_version, info.array.minor_version); if (!st) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot handle arrays with superblock version %d\n", info.array.major_version); return 1; } if (info.array.level != -1) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": can only add devices to linear arrays\n"); return 1; } nfd = open(newdev, O_RDWR|O_EXCL); if (nfd < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot open %s\n", newdev); return 1; } fstat(nfd, &stb); if ((stb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s is not a block device!\n", newdev); close(nfd); return 1; } /* now check out all the devices and make sure we can read the superblock */ for (d=0 ; d < info.array.raid_disks ; d++) { mdu_disk_info_t disk; char *dv; disk.number = d; if (ioctl(fd, GET_DISK_INFO, &disk) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot get device detail for device %d\n", d); return 1; } dv = map_dev(disk.major, disk.minor, 1); if (!dv) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot find device file for device %d\n", d); return 1; } fd2 = dev_open(dv, O_RDWR); if (!fd2) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot open device file %s\n", dv); return 1; } if (super) free(super); super= NULL; if (st->ss->load_super(st, fd2, &super, NULL)) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot find super block on %s\n", dv); close(fd2); return 1; } close(fd2); } /* Ok, looks good. Lets update the superblock and write it out to * newdev. */ info.disk.number = d; info.disk.major = major(stb.st_rdev); info.disk.minor = minor(stb.st_rdev); info.disk.raid_disk = d; info.disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC) | (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE); st->ss->update_super(&info, super, "grow", newdev, 0, 0, NULL); if (st->ss->store_super(st, nfd, super)) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot store new superblock on %s\n", newdev); close(nfd); return 1; } close(nfd); if (ioctl(fd, ADD_NEW_DISK, &info.disk) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot add new disk to this array\n"); return 1; } /* Well, that seems to have worked. * Now go through and update all superblocks */ if (ioctl(fd, GET_ARRAY_INFO, &info.array) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot get array info for %s\n", devname); return 1; } nd = d; for (d=0 ; d < info.array.raid_disks ; d++) { mdu_disk_info_t disk; char *dv; disk.number = d; if (ioctl(fd, GET_DISK_INFO, &disk) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot get device detail for device %d\n", d); return 1; } dv = map_dev(disk.major, disk.minor, 1); if (!dv) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot find device file for device %d\n", d); return 1; } fd2 = dev_open(dv, O_RDWR); if (fd2 < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot open device file %s\n", dv); return 1; } if (st->ss->load_super(st, fd2, &super, NULL)) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot find super block on %s\n", dv); close(fd); return 1; } info.array.raid_disks = nd+1; info.array.nr_disks = nd+1; info.array.active_disks = nd+1; info.array.working_disks = nd+1; info.disk.number = nd; info.disk.major = major(stb.st_rdev); info.disk.minor = minor(stb.st_rdev); info.disk.raid_disk = nd; info.disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC) | (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE); st->ss->update_super(&info, super, "grow", dv, 0, 0, NULL); if (st->ss->store_super(st, fd2, super)) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot store new superblock on %s\n", dv); close(fd2); return 1; } close(fd2); } return 0; } int Grow_addbitmap(char *devname, int fd, char *file, int chunk, int delay, int write_behind, int force) { /* * First check that array doesn't have a bitmap * Then create the bitmap * Then add it * * For internal bitmaps, we need to check the version, * find all the active devices, and write the bitmap block * to all devices */ mdu_bitmap_file_t bmf; mdu_array_info_t array; struct supertype *st; int major = BITMAP_MAJOR_HI; int vers = md_get_version(fd); unsigned long long bitmapsize, array_size; if (vers < 9003) { major = BITMAP_MAJOR_HOSTENDIAN; #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN fprintf(stderr, Name ": Warning - bitmaps created on this kernel are not portable\n" " between different architectured. Consider upgrading the Linux kernel.\n"); #endif } if (ioctl(fd, GET_BITMAP_FILE, &bmf) != 0) { if (errno == ENOMEM) fprintf(stderr, Name ": Memory allocation failure.\n"); else fprintf(stderr, Name ": bitmaps not supported by this kernel.\n"); return 1; } if (bmf.pathname[0]) { if (strcmp(file,"none")==0) { if (ioctl(fd, SET_BITMAP_FILE, -1)!= 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": failed to remove bitmap %s\n", bmf.pathname); return 1; } return 0; } fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s already has a bitmap (%s)\n", devname, bmf.pathname); return 1; } if (ioctl(fd, GET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot get array status for %s\n", devname); return 1; } if (array.state & (1< (0x7fffffffULL<<9)) { /* Array is big enough that we cannot trust array.size * try other approaches */ bitmapsize = get_component_size(fd); } #endif if (bitmapsize == 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot reliably determine size of array to create bitmap - sorry.\n"); return 1; } if (array.level == 10) { int ncopies = (array.layout&255)*((array.layout>>8)&255); bitmapsize = bitmapsize * array.raid_disks / ncopies; } st = super_by_version(array.major_version, array.minor_version); if (!st) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot understand version %d.%d\n", array.major_version, array.minor_version); return 1; } if (strcmp(file, "none") == 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": no bitmap found on %s\n", devname); return 1; } else if (strcmp(file, "internal") == 0) { int d; for (d=0; d< st->max_devs; d++) { mdu_disk_info_t disk; char *dv; disk.number = d; if (ioctl(fd, GET_DISK_INFO, &disk) < 0) continue; if (disk.major == 0 && disk.minor == 0) continue; if ((disk.state & (1<ss->load_super(st, fd2, &super, NULL)==0) { if (st->ss->add_internal_bitmap( st, super, &chunk, delay, write_behind, bitmapsize, 0, major) ) st->ss->write_bitmap(st, fd2, super); else { fprintf(stderr, Name ": failed to create internal bitmap - chunksize problem.\n"); close(fd2); return 1; } } close(fd2); } } array.state |= (1<max_devs; void *super = NULL; /* try to load a superblock */ for (d=0; d= 0 && st->ss->load_super(st, fd2, &super, NULL) == 0) { close(fd2); st->ss->uuid_from_super(uuid, super); break; } close(fd2); } if (d == max_devs) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot find UUID for array!\n"); return 1; } if (CreateBitmap(file, force, (char*)uuid, chunk, delay, write_behind, bitmapsize, major)) { return 1; } bitmap_fd = open(file, O_RDWR); if (bitmap_fd < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": weird: %s cannot be opened\n", file); return 1; } if (ioctl(fd, SET_BITMAP_FILE, bitmap_fd) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set bitmap file for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); return 1; } } return 0; } /* * When reshaping an array we might need to backup some data. * This is written to all spares with a 'super_block' describing it. * The superblock goes 1K form the end of the used space on the * device. * It if written after the backup is complete. * It has the following structure. */ struct mdp_backup_super { char magic[16]; /* md_backup_data-1 */ __u8 set_uuid[16]; __u64 mtime; /* start/sizes in 512byte sectors */ __u64 devstart; __u64 arraystart; __u64 length; __u32 sb_csum; /* csum of preceeding bytes. */ }; int bsb_csum(char *buf, int len) { int i; int csum = 0; for (i=0; i= 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change size of a 'faulty' array\n", devname); return 1; } if (level != UnSet && level != LEVEL_FAULTY) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change RAID level of a 'faulty' array\n", devname); return 1; } if (chunksize || raid_disks) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change chunksize or disks of a 'faulty' array\n", devname); return 1; } if (layout == UnSet) return 0; /* nothing to do.... */ array.layout = layout; if (ioctl(fd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set layout for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); return 1; } if (!quiet) printf("layout for %s set to %d\n", devname, array.layout); return 0; case 1: /* raid_disks and size can each be changed. They are independant */ if (level != UnSet && level != 1) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change RAID level of a RAID1 array.\n", devname); return 1; } if (chunksize || layout != UnSet) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change chunk size of layout for a RAID1 array.\n", devname); return 1; } /* Each can trigger a resync/recovery which will block the * other from happening. Later we could block * resync for the duration via 'sync_action'... */ if (raid_disks > 0) { array.raid_disks = raid_disks; if (ioctl(fd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set raid-devices for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); return 1; } } if (size >= 0) { array.size = size; if (ioctl(fd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set device size for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); return 1; } } return 0; case 4: case 5: case 6: st = super_by_version(array.major_version, array.minor_version); /* size can be changed independantly. * layout/chunksize/raid_disks/level can be changed * though the kernel may not support it all. * If 'suspend_lo' is not present in devfs, then * these cannot be changed. */ if (size >= 0) { /* Cannot change other details as well.. */ if (layout != UnSet || chunksize != 0 || raid_disks != 0 || level != UnSet) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot change shape as well as size of a %s array.\n", devname, c); return 1; } array.size = size; if (ioctl(fd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set device size/shape for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); return 1; } return 0; } /* Ok, just change the shape. This can be awkward. * There are three possibilities. * 1/ The array will shrink. We don't support this * possibility. Maybe one day... * 2/ The array will not change size. This is easy enough * to do, but not reliably. If the process is aborted * the array *will* be corrupted. So maybe we can allow * this but only if the user is really certain. e.g. * --really-risk-everything * 3/ The array will grow. This can be reliably achieved. * However the kernel's restripe routines will cheerfully * overwrite some early data before it is safe. So we * need to make a backup of the early parts of the array * and be ready to restore it if rebuild aborts very early. * * We backup data by writing it to all spares (there must be * at least 1, so even raid6->raid5 requires a spare to be * present). * * So: we enumerate the devices in the array and * make sure we can open all of them. * Then we freeze the early part of the array and * backup to the various spares. * Then we request changes and start the reshape. * Monitor progress until it has passed the danger zone. * and finally invalidate the copied data and unfreeze the * start of the array. * * Before we can do this we need to decide: * - will the array grow? Just calculate size * - how much needs to be saved: count stripes. * - where to save data... good question. * */ nlevel = olevel = array.level; nchunk = ochunk = array.chunk_size; nlayout = olayout = array.layout; ndisks = odisks = array.raid_disks; if (level != UnSet) nlevel = level; if (chunksize) nchunk = chunksize; if (layout != UnSet) nlayout = layout; if (raid_disks) ndisks = raid_disks; odata = odisks-1; if (olevel == 6) odata--; /* number of data disks */ ndata = ndisks-1; if (nlevel == 6) ndata--; if (ndata < odata) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot reduce number of data disks (yet).\n", devname); return 1; } if (ndata == odata) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot reshape array without increasing size (yet).\n", devname); return 1; } /* Well, it is growing... so how much do we need to backup. * Need to backup a full number of new-stripes, such that the * last one does not over-write any place that it would be read * from */ nstripe = ostripe = 0; while (nstripe >= ostripe) { nstripe += nchunk/512; last_block = nstripe * ndata; ostripe = last_block / odata / (ochunk/512) * (ochunk/512); } printf("mdadm: Need to backup %lluK of critical section..\n", last_block/2); sra = sysfs_read(fd, 0, GET_COMPONENT|GET_DEVS|GET_OFFSET|GET_STATE); if (!sra) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot get array details from sysfs\n", devname); return 1; } if (last_block >= sra->component_size/2) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Something wrong - reshape aborted\n", devname); return 1; } if (sra->spares == 0 && backup_file == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot grow - need a spare or backup-file to backup critical section\n", devname); return 1; } nrdisks = array.nr_disks + sra->spares; /* Now we need to open all these devices so we can read/write. */ fdlist = malloc((1+nrdisks) * sizeof(int)); offsets = malloc((1+nrdisks) * sizeof(offsets[0])); if (!fdlist || !offsets) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": malloc failed: grow aborted\n"); return 1; } for (d=0; d <= nrdisks; d++) fdlist[d] = -1; d = array.raid_disks; for (sd = sra->devs; sd; sd=sd->next) { if (sd->state & (1<state & (1<major, sd->minor, 1); fdlist[sd->role] = dev_open(dn, O_RDONLY); offsets[sd->role] = sd->offset; if (fdlist[sd->role] < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: cannot open component %s\n", devname, dn?dn:"-unknown-"); goto abort; } } else { /* spare */ char *dn = map_dev(sd->major, sd->minor, 1); fdlist[d] = dev_open(dn, O_RDWR); offsets[d] = sd->offset; if (fdlist[d]<0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: cannot open component %s\n", devname, dn?dn:"-unknown"); goto abort; } d++; } } for (i=0 ; ispares; if (backup_file) { fdlist[d] = open(backup_file, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600); if (fdlist[d] < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: cannot create backup file %s: %s\n", devname, backup_file, strerror(errno)); goto abort; } offsets[d] = 8; d++; spares++; } if (fdlist[array.raid_disks] < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: failed to find a spare and no backup-file given - --grow aborted\n", devname); goto abort; } /* Find a superblock */ if (st->ss->load_super(st, fdlist[0], &super, NULL)) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: Cannot find a superblock\n", devname); goto abort; } memcpy(bsb.magic, "md_backup_data-1", 16); st->ss->uuid_from_super((int*)&bsb.set_uuid, super); bsb.mtime = __cpu_to_le64(time(0)); bsb.arraystart = 0; bsb.length = __cpu_to_le64(last_block); /* Decide offset for the backup, llseek the spares, and write * a leading superblock 4K earlier. */ for (i=array.raid_disks; icomponent_size - last_block - 8; if (lseek64(fdlist[i], (offsets[i]<<9) - 4096, 0) != (offsets[i]<<9) - 4096) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": could not seek...\n"); goto abort; } memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); bsb.devstart = __cpu_to_le64(offsets[i]); bsb.sb_csum = bsb_csum((char*)&bsb, ((char*)&bsb.sb_csum)-((char*)&bsb)); memcpy(buf, &bsb, sizeof(bsb)); if (write(fdlist[i], buf, 4096) != 4096) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": could not write leading superblock\n"); goto abort; } } array.level = nlevel; array.raid_disks = ndisks; array.chunk_size = nchunk; array.layout = nlayout; if (ioctl(fd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &array) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot set device size/shape for %s: %s\n", devname, strerror(errno)); goto abort; } /* suspend the relevant region */ sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_hi", 0); /* just in case */ if (sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_lo", 0) < 0 || sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_hi", last_block) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: failed to suspend device.\n", devname); goto abort_resume; } err = save_stripes(fdlist, offsets, odisks, ochunk, olevel, olayout, spares, fdlist+odisks, 0ULL, last_block*512); /* abort if there was an error */ if (err < 0) { fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s: failed to save critical region\n", devname); goto abort_resume; } for (i=odisks; i= nstripe) break; sleep(1); } /* invalidate superblocks */ memset(&bsb, 0, sizeof(bsb)); for (i=odisks; i= 0) close(fdlist[i]); free(fdlist); free(offsets); if (backup_file) unlink(backup_file); printf(Name ": ... critical section passed.\n"); break; } return 0; abort_resume: sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_lo", last_block); abort: for (i=0; i= 0) close(fdlist[i]); free(fdlist); free(offsets); if (backup_file) unlink(backup_file); return 1; } /* * If any spare contains md_back_data-1 which is recent wrt mtime, * write that data into the array and update the super blocks with * the new reshape_progress */ int Grow_restart(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, int *fdlist, int cnt, char *backup_file) { int i, j; int old_disks; int err = 0; unsigned long long *offsets; if (info->delta_disks < 0) return 1; /* cannot handle a shrink */ if (info->new_level != info->array.level || info->new_layout != info->array.layout || info->new_chunk != info->array.chunk_size) return 1; /* Can only handle change in disks */ old_disks = info->array.raid_disks - info->delta_disks; for (i=old_disks-(backup_file?1:0); iss->load_super(st, fd, &super, NULL)) continue; st->ss->getinfo_super(&dinfo, super); free(super); super = NULL; if (lseek64(fd, (dinfo.data_offset + dinfo.component_size - 8) <<9, 0) < 0) continue; /* Cannot seek */ } if (read(fd, &bsb, sizeof(bsb)) != sizeof(bsb)) continue; /* Cannot read */ if (memcmp(bsb.magic, "md_backup_data-1", 16) != 0) continue; if (bsb.sb_csum != bsb_csum((char*)&bsb, ((char*)&bsb.sb_csum)-((char*)&bsb))) continue; /* bad checksum */ if (memcmp(bsb.set_uuid,info->uuid, 16) != 0) continue; /* Wrong uuid */ if (info->array.utime > __le64_to_cpu(bsb.mtime) + 3600 || info->array.utime < __le64_to_cpu(bsb.mtime)) continue; /* time stamp is too bad */ if (__le64_to_cpu(bsb.arraystart) != 0) continue; /* Can only handle backup from start of array */ if (__le64_to_cpu(bsb.length) < info->reshape_progress) continue; /* No new data here */ if (lseek64(fd, __le64_to_cpu(bsb.devstart)*512, 0)< 0) continue; /* Cannot seek */ /* There should be a duplicate backup superblock 4k before here */ if (lseek64(fd, -4096, 1) < 0 || read(fd, buf, 4096) != 4096 || memcmp(buf, &bsb, sizeof(bsb)) != 0) continue; /* Cannot find leading superblock */ /* Now need the data offsets for all devices. */ offsets = malloc(sizeof(*offsets)*info->array.raid_disks); for(j=0; jarray.raid_disks; j++) { if (fdlist[j] < 0) continue; if (st->ss->load_super(st, fdlist[j], &super, NULL)) /* FIXME should be this be an error */ continue; st->ss->getinfo_super(&dinfo, super); free(super); super = NULL; offsets[j] = dinfo.data_offset; } printf(Name ": restoring critical section\n"); if (restore_stripes(fdlist, offsets, info->array.raid_disks, info->new_chunk, info->new_level, info->new_layout, fd, __le64_to_cpu(bsb.devstart)*512, 0, __le64_to_cpu(bsb.length)*512)) { /* didn't succeed, so giveup */ return -1; } /* Ok, so the data is restored. Let's update those superblocks. */ for (j=0; jarray.raid_disks; j++) { if (fdlist[j] < 0) continue; if (st->ss->load_super(st, fdlist[j], &super, NULL)) continue; st->ss->getinfo_super(&dinfo, super); dinfo.reshape_progress = __le64_to_cpu(bsb.length); st->ss->update_super(&dinfo, super, "_reshape_progress",NULL,0, 0, NULL); st->ss->store_super(st, fdlist[j], super); free(super); } /* And we are done! */ return 0; } return err; }