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|
#
# bootloader.py: bootloader configuration data
#
# Erik Troan <ewt@redhat.com>
# Jeremy Katz <katzj@redhat.com>
#
# Copyright 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
#
# This software may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU
# library public license.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Library Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
#
import isys
import partitioning
import os
import crypt
import whrandom
import language
import iutil
import string
if iutil.getArch() == "i386":
import edd
from flags import flags
from log import log
from constants import *
from lilo import LiloConfigFile
from translate import _
## if 0:
## if arch == "sparc":
## errors = self.silo.install (self.fstab, instPath,
## id.hdList, upgrade)
## elif arch == "i386":
## defaultlang = self.language.getLangNickByName(self.language.getDefault())
## langlist = expandLangs(defaultlang)
## errors = self.lilo.install (self.fstab, instPath,
## id.hdList, upgrade, langlist)
## elif arch == "ia64":
## errors = self.eli.install (self.fstab, instPath,
## id.hdList, upgrade)
## elif arch == "alpha":
## errors = self.milo.write ()
## else:
## raise RuntimeError, "What kind of machine is this, anyway?!"
## if errors:
## w.pop()
## mess = _("An error occured while installing "
## "the bootloader.\n\n"
## "We HIGHLY recommend you make a recovery "
## "boot floppy when prompted, otherwise you "
## "may not be able to reboot into Red Hat Linux."
## "\n\nThe error reported was:\n\n") + errors
## intf.messageWindow(_("Bootloader Errors"), mess)
## # make sure bootdisk window appears
## if iutil.getArch () == "i386":
## self.instClass.removeFromSkipList('bootdisk')
## self.bootdisk = 1
## w = apply(apply, createWindow)
class KernelArguments:
def get(self):
return self.args
def set(self, args):
self.args = args
def __init__(self):
cdrw = isys.ideCdRwList()
str = ""
for device in cdrw:
if str: str = str + " "
str = str + ("%s=ide-scsi" % device)
self.args = str
class BootImages:
# returns dictionary of (label, longlabel, devtype) pairs indexed by device
def getImages(self):
# return a copy so users can modify it w/o affecting us
dict = {}
for key in self.images.keys():
dict[key] = self.images[key]
return dict
def setImageLabel(self, dev, label, setLong = 0):
if setLong:
self.images[dev] = (self.images[dev][0], label, self.images[dev][2])
else:
self.images[dev] = (label, self.images[dev][1], self.images[dev][2])
# default is a device
def setDefault(self, default):
self.default = default
def getDefault(self):
return self.default
def setup(self, diskSet, fsset):
devices = {}
devs = availableBootDevices(diskSet, fsset)
for (dev, type) in devs:
devices[dev] = 1
# These partitions have disappeared
for dev in self.images.keys():
if not devices.has_key(dev): del self.images[dev]
# These have appeared
for (dev, type) in devs:
if not self.images.has_key(dev):
if type == "FAT":
self.images[dev] = ("DOS", "DOS", type)
else:
self.images[dev] = (None, None, type)
if not self.images.has_key(self.default):
entry = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint('/')
self.default = entry.device.getDevice()
(label, longlabel, type) = self.images[self.default]
if not label:
self.images[self.default] = ("linux", "Red Hat Linux", type)
def __init__(self):
self.default = None
self.images = {}
class bootloaderInfo:
def setUseGrub(self, val):
pass
def useGrub(self):
return self.useGrubVal
def setForceLBA(self, val):
pass
def setPassword(self, val, isCrypted = 1):
pass
def getPassword(self):
pass
def getDevice(self):
return self.device
def setDevice(self, device):
self.device = device
def getBootloaderConfig(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev):
images = bl.images.getImages()
# on upgrade read in the lilo config file
lilo = LiloConfigFile ()
self.perms = 0644
if os.access (instRoot + self.configfile, os.R_OK):
self.perms = os.stat(instRoot + self.configfile)[0] & 0777
lilo.read (instRoot + self.configfile)
os.rename(instRoot + self.configfile,
instRoot + self.configfile + '.rpmsave')
# Remove any invalid entries that are in the file; we probably
# just removed those kernels.
for label in lilo.listImages():
(fsType, sl) = lilo.getImage(label)
if fsType == "other": continue
if not os.access(instRoot + sl.getPath(), os.R_OK):
lilo.delImage(label)
lilo.addEntry("prompt", replace = 0)
lilo.addEntry("timeout", "50", replace = 0)
rootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/").device.getDevice()
if not rootDev:
raise RuntimeError, "Installing lilo, but there is no root device"
if rootDev == defaultDev:
lilo.addEntry("default", kernelList[0][0])
else:
lilo.addEntry("default", chainList[0][0])
for (label, longlabel, version) in kernelList:
kernelTag = "-" + version
kernelFile = self.kernelLocation + "vmlinuz" + kernelTag
try:
lilo.delImage(label)
except IndexError, msg:
pass
sl = LiloConfigFile(imageType = "image", path = kernelFile)
initrd = makeInitrd (kernelTag, instRoot)
sl.addEntry("label", label)
if os.access (instRoot + initrd, os.R_OK):
sl.addEntry("initrd", "%sinitrd%s.img" %(self.kernelLocation, kernelTag))
sl.addEntry("read-only")
sl.addEntry("root", '/dev/' + rootDev)
if self.args.get():
sl.addEntry('append', '"%s"' % self.args.get())
lilo.addImage (sl)
for (label, longlabel, device) in chainList:
if ((not label) or (label == "")):
continue
try:
(fsType, sl) = lilo.getImage(label)
lilo.delImage(label)
except IndexError:
sl = LiloConfigFile(imageType = "other", path = "/dev/%s" %(device))
sl.addEntry("optional")
sl.addEntry("label", label)
lilo.addImage (sl)
# Sanity check #1. There could be aliases in sections which conflict
# with the new images we just created. If so, erase those aliases
imageNames = {}
for label in lilo.listImages():
imageNames[label] = 1
for label in lilo.listImages():
(fsType, sl) = lilo.getImage(label)
if sl.testEntry('alias'):
alias = sl.getEntry('alias')
if imageNames.has_key(alias):
sl.delEntry('alias')
imageNames[alias] = 1
# Sanity check #2. If single-key is turned on, go through all of
# the image names (including aliases) (we just built the list) and
# see if single-key will still work.
if lilo.testEntry('single-key'):
singleKeys = {}
turnOff = 0
for label in imageNames.keys():
l = label[0]
if singleKeys.has_key(l):
turnOff = 1
singleKeys[l] = 1
if turnOff:
lilo.delEntry('single-key')
return lilo
def write(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev, justConfig, intf):
if len(kernelList) >= 1:
config = self.getBootloaderConfig(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs,
kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev)
config.write(instRoot + self.configfile, perms = self.perms)
else:
self.noKernelsWarn(intf)
return ""
# XXX in the future we also should do some validation on the config
# file that's already there
def noKernelsWarn(self, intf):
intf.messageWindow(_("Warning"),
_("No kernel packages were installed on your "
"system. Your boot loader configuration "
"will not be changed."))
def getArgList(self):
args = []
if self.args.get():
args.append("--append")
args.append(self.args.get())
return args
def writeKS(self, f):
f.write("bootloader")
for arg in self.getArgList():
f.write(" " + arg)
f.write("\n")
def __init__(self):
self.args = KernelArguments()
self.images = BootImages()
self.device = None
self.useLinear = 1 # only used for kickstart compatibility
self.defaultDevice = None # XXX hack, used by kickstart
self.useGrubVal = 0 # only used on x86
self.configfile = None
self.kernelLocation = "/boot/"
self.forceLBA32 = 0
self.password = None
self.pure = None
self.above1024 = 0
class ia64BootloaderInfo(bootloaderInfo):
# XXX wouldn't it be nice to have a real interface to use efibootmgr from?
def removeOldEfiEntries(self, instRoot):
p = os.pipe()
iutil.execWithRedirect('/usr/sbin/efibootmgr', ["efibootmgr"],
root = instRoot, stdout = p[1])
os.close(p[1])
c = os.read(p[0], 1)
buf = c
while (c):
c = os.read(p[0], 1)
buf = buf + c
os.close(p[0])
lines = string.split(buf, '\n')
for line in lines:
fields = string.split(line)
if len(fields) < 4:
continue
if fields[1:4] == ["Red","Hat","Linux"]:
entry = fields[0][4:8]
iutil.execWithRedirect('/usr/sbin/efibootmgr',
["efibootmgr", "-b", entry, "-B"],
root = instRoot,
stdout="/dev/tty5", stderr="/dev/tty5")
def writeLilo(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev, justConfig):
config = self.getBootloaderConfig(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs,
kernelList, chainList, defaultDev)
config.write(instRoot + self.configfile, perms = self.perms)
return ""
def write(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev, justConfig, intf):
if len(kernelList) >= 1:
str = self.writeLilo(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev, justConfig)
else:
self.noKernelsWarn(intf)
bootdev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/boot/efi").device.getDevice()
if not bootdev:
bootdev = fsset.getEntryByDeviceName("sda1").device.getDevice()
ind = len(bootdev)
try:
while (bootdev[ind-1] in string.digits):
ind = ind - 1
except IndexError:
ind = len(bootdev) - 1
bootdisk = bootdev[:ind]
bootpart = bootdev[ind:]
if (bootdisk.startswith('ida/') or bootdisk.startswith('cciss/') or
bootdisk.startswith('rd/')):
bootdisk = bootdisk[:-1]
self.removeOldEfiEntries(instRoot)
argv = [ "/usr/sbin/efibootmgr", "-c" , "-w", "-L",
"Red Hat Linux", "-d", "/dev/%s" % bootdisk, "-p", bootpart ]
iutil.execWithRedirect(argv[0], argv, root = instRoot,
stdout = "/dev/tty5",
stderr = "/dev/tty5")
def __init__(self):
bootloaderInfo.__init__(self)
self.useGrubVal = 1
self.kernelLocation = ""
self.configfile = "/boot/efi/elilo.conf"
class x86BootloaderInfo(bootloaderInfo):
def setPassword(self, val, isCrypted = 1):
if not val:
self.password = val
self.pure = val
return
if isCrypted:
self.password = val
else:
salt = "$1$"
saltLen = 8
for i in range(saltLen):
salt = salt + whrandom.choice (string.letters +
string.digits + './')
self.password = crypt.crypt (val, salt)
self.pure = val
def getPassword (self):
return self.pure
def setForceLBA(self, val):
self.forceLBA32 = val
def setUseGrub(self, val):
self.useGrubVal = val
def writeGrub(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev, justConfigFile):
if len(kernelList) < 1:
return ""
images = bl.images.getImages()
rootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/").device.getDevice()
if not os.path.isdir(instRoot + '/boot/grub/'):
os.mkdir(instRoot + '/boot/grub', 0755)
cf = '/boot/grub/grub.conf'
self.perms = 0600
if os.access (instRoot + cf, os.R_OK):
self.perms = os.stat(instRoot + cf)[0] & 0777
os.rename(instRoot + cf,
instRoot + cf + '.rpmsave')
grubTarget = bl.getDevice()
# XXX wouldn't it be nice if grub really understood raid? :)
if grubTarget.startswith('md'):
device = fsset.getEntryByDeviceName(grubTarget).device.members[0]
(grubTarget, None) = getDiskPart(device)
f = open(instRoot + cf, "w+")
f.write("# grub.conf generated by anaconda\n")
f.write("#\n")
f.write("# Note that you do not have to rerun grub "
"after making changes to this file\n")
bootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/boot")
grubPath = "/grub"
cfPath = "/"
if not bootDev:
bootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/")
grubPath = "/boot/grub"
cfPath = "/boot/"
f.write ("# NOTICE: You do not have a /boot partition. This means that\n")
f.write ("# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /, eg.\n")
else:
f.write ("# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that\n")
f.write ("# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.\n")
bootDev = bootDev.device.getDevice(asBoot = 1)
f.write ('# root %s\n' % grubbyPartitionName(bootDev))
f.write ("# kernel %svmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/%s\n" % (cfPath, rootDev))
f.write ("# initrd %sinitrd-version.img\n" % (cfPath))
f.write("#boot=/dev/%s\n" % (grubTarget))
# get the default image to boot... we have to walk and find it
# since grub indexes by where it is in the config file
if defaultDev == rootDev:
default = 0
else:
# if the default isn't linux, it's the first thing in the
# chain list
default = len(kernelList)
# keep track of which devices are used for the device.map
usedDevs = {}
f.write('default=%s\n' % (default))
f.write('timeout=10\n')
f.write('splashimage=%s%sgrub/splash.xpm.gz\n'
% (grubbyPartitionName(bootDev), cfPath))
usedDevs[bootDev] = 1
usedDevs[grubTarget] = 1
if self.password:
f.write('password --md5 %s\n' %(self.password))
for (label, longlabel, version) in kernelList:
kernelTag = "-" + version
kernelFile = "%svmlinuz%s" % (cfPath, kernelTag)
initrd = makeInitrd (kernelTag, instRoot)
f.write('title %s (%s)\n' % (longlabel, version))
f.write('\troot %s\n' % grubbyPartitionName(bootDev))
f.write('\tkernel %s ro root=/dev/%s' % (kernelFile, rootDev))
if self.args.get():
f.write(' %s' % self.args.get())
f.write('\n')
if os.access (instRoot + initrd, os.R_OK):
f.write('\tinitrd %sinitrd%s.img\n' % (cfPath, kernelTag))
for (label, longlabel, device) in chainList:
if ((not longlabel) or (longlabel == "")):
continue
f.write('title %s\n' % (longlabel))
f.write('\trootnoverify %s\n' % grubbyPartitionName(device))
# f.write('\tmakeactive\n')
f.write('\tchainloader +1')
f.write('\n')
usedDevs[device] = 1
f.close()
os.chmod(instRoot + "/boot/grub/grub.conf", self.perms)
# make a symlink for menu.lst since it's the default config file name
if os.access (instRoot + "/boot/grub/menu.lst", os.R_OK):
os.rename(instRoot + "/boot/grub/menu.lst",
instRoot + "/boot/grub/menu.lst.rpmsave")
os.symlink("./grub.conf", instRoot + "/boot/grub/menu.lst")
# make a symlink for /etc/grub.conf since config files belong in /etc
if os.access (instRoot + "/etc/grub.conf", os.R_OK):
os.rename(instRoot + "/etc/grub.conf",
instRoot + "/etc/grub.conf.rpmsave")
os.symlink("../boot/grub/grub.conf", instRoot + "/etc/grub.conf")
if not os.access(instRoot + "/boot/grub/device.map", os.R_OK):
f = open(instRoot + "/boot/grub/device.map", "w+")
f.write("# this device map was generated by anaconda\n")
f.write("(fd0) /dev/fd0\n")
devs = usedDevs.keys()
devs.sort()
usedDevs = {}
for dev in devs:
drive = getDiskPart(dev)[0]
if usedDevs.has_key(drive):
continue
f.write("(%s) /dev/%s\n" % (grubbyDiskName(drive), drive))
usedDevs[drive] = 1
f.close()
if self.forceLBA32:
forcelba = "--force-lba "
else:
forcelba = ""
part = grubbyPartitionName(bootDev)
prefix = "%s/%s" % (grubbyPartitionName(bootDev), grubPath)
cmd = "root %s\ninstall %s%s/stage1 d %s %s/stage2 p %s%s/grub.conf" % \
(part, forcelba, grubPath, grubbyPartitionName(grubTarget),
grubPath, part, grubPath)
if not justConfigFile:
log("GRUB command %s", cmd)
# copy the stage files over into /boot
iutil.execWithRedirect( "/sbin/grub-install",
["/sbin/grub-install", "--just-copy"],
stdout = "/dev/tty5", stderr = "/dev/tty5",
root = instRoot)
# really install the bootloader
p = os.pipe()
os.write(p[1], cmd + '\n')
os.close(p[1])
iutil.execWithRedirect('/sbin/grub' ,
[ "grub", "--batch", "--no-floppy",
"--device-map=/boot/grub/device.map" ],
stdin = p[0],
stdout = "/dev/tty5", stderr = "/dev/tty5",
root = instRoot)
os.close(p[0])
return ""
def getBootloaderConfig(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev):
config = bootloaderInfo.getBootloaderConfig(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs,
kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev)
liloTarget = bl.getDevice()
config.addEntry("boot", '/dev/' + liloTarget, replace = 0)
config.addEntry("map", "/boot/map", replace = 0)
config.addEntry("install", "/boot/boot.b", replace = 0)
message = "/boot/message"
for lang in language.expandLangs(langs.getDefault()):
fn = "/boot/message." + lang
if os.access(instRoot + fn, os.R_OK):
message = fn
break
config.addEntry("message", message, replace = 0)
if not config.testEntry('lba32') and not config.testEntry('linear'):
if self.forceLBA32 or (bl.above1024 and edd.detect()):
config.addEntry("lba32", replace = 0)
elif self.useLinear:
config.addEntry("linear", replace = 0)
else:
config.addEntry("nolinear", replace = 0)
return config
def writeLilo(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev, justConfig):
if len(kernelList) >= 1:
config = self.getBootloaderConfig(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs,
kernelList, chainList, defaultDev)
config.write(instRoot + self.configfile, perms = self.perms)
if not justConfig:
# throw away stdout, catch stderr
str = iutil.execWithCapture(instRoot + '/sbin/lilo' ,
[ "lilo", "-r", instRoot ],
catchfd = 2, closefd = 1)
else:
str = ""
return str
def write(self, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList, chainList,
defaultDev, justConfig, intf):
if len(kernelList) < 1:
self.noKernelsWarn(intf)
str = self.writeLilo(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev,
justConfig | (self.useGrubVal))
str = self.writeGrub(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList,
chainList, defaultDev,
justConfig | (not self.useGrubVal))
# XXX move the lilo.conf out of the way if they're using GRUB
# so that /sbin/installkernel does a more correct thing
if self.useGrubVal and os.access(instRoot + '/etc/lilo.conf', os.R_OK):
os.rename(instRoot + "/etc/lilo.conf",
instRoot + "/etc/lilo.conf.anaconda")
def getArgList(self):
args = bootloaderInfo.getArgList(self)
if not self.useGrubVal:
args.append("--useLilo")
if self.forceLBA32:
args.append("--lba32")
if not self.useLinear:
args.append("--nolinear")
if self.password:
args.append("--md5pass=%s" %(self.password))
# XXX add location of bootloader here too
return args
def __init__(self):
bootloaderInfo.__init__(self)
self.useGrubVal = 1
self.kernelLocation = "/boot/"
self.configfile = "/etc/lilo.conf"
self.password = None
self.pure = None
def availableBootDevices(diskSet, fsset):
devs = []
foundDos = 0
for (dev, type) in diskSet.partitionTypes():
# XXX do we boot fat on anything other than i386?
if type == 'FAT' and not foundDos and iutil.getArch() == "i386":
isys.makeDevInode(dev, '/tmp/' + dev)
part = partitioning.get_partition_by_name(diskSet.disks, dev)
if part.native_type not in partitioning.dosPartitionTypes:
continue
try:
bootable = isys.checkBoot('/tmp/' + dev)
devs.append((dev, type))
foundDos = 1
except:
pass
elif type == 'ntfs' or type =='hpfs':
devs.append((dev, type))
slash = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint('/')
if not slash or not slash.device or not slash.fsystem:
raise ValueError, ("Trying to pick boot devices but do not have a "
"sane root partition. Aborting install.")
devs.append((slash.device.getDevice(), slash.fsystem.getName()))
devs.sort()
return devs
def bootloaderSetupChoices(dispatch, bl, fsset, diskSet, dir):
if dir == DISPATCH_BACK:
return
# do not give option to change bootloader if partitionless case
if fsset.rootOnLoop():
bl.setUseGrub(0)
dispatch.skipStep("bootloader")
dispatch.skipStep("bootloaderpassword")
dispatch.skipStep("instbootloader")
return
choices = fsset.bootloaderChoices(diskSet)
if not choices:
dispatch.skipStep("instbootloader")
else:
dispatch.skipStep("instbootloader", skip = 0)
bl.images.setup(diskSet, fsset)
if bl.defaultDevice != None and choices:
if bl.defaultDevice > len(choices):
bl.defaultDevice = len(choices)
bl.setDevice(choices[bl.defaultDevice][0])
bootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/")
if not bootDev:
bootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint("/boot")
part = partitioning.get_partition_by_name(diskSet.disks, bootDev.device.getDevice())
if part and partitioning.end_sector_to_cyl(part.geom.disk.dev,
part.geom.end) >= 1024:
bl.above1024 = 1
def writeBootloader(intf, instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, comps):
justConfigFile = not flags.setupFilesystems
if bl.defaultDevice == -1:
return
w = intf.waitWindow(_("Bootloader"), _("Installing bootloader..."))
kernelList = []
otherList = []
rootDev = fsset.getEntryByMountPoint('/').device.getDevice()
defaultDev = bl.images.getDefault()
for (dev, (label, longlabel, type)) in bl.images.getImages().items():
if dev == rootDev:
kernelLabel = label
kernelLongLabel = longlabel
elif dev == defaultDev:
otherList = [(label, longlabel, dev)] + otherList
else:
otherList.append((label, longlabel, dev))
plainLabelUsed = 0
for (version, nick) in comps.kernelVersionList():
if plainLabelUsed:
kernelList.append("%s-%s" % (kernelLabel, nick),
"%s-%s" % (kernelLongLabel, nick), version)
else:
kernelList.append((kernelLabel, kernelLongLabel, version))
plainLabelUsed = 1
bl.write(instRoot, fsset, bl, langs, kernelList, otherList, defaultDev,
justConfigFile, intf)
w.pop()
# note that this function no longer actually creates an initrd.
# the kernel's %post does this now
def makeInitrd (kernelTag, instRoot):
if iutil.getArch() == 'ia64':
initrd = "/boot/efi/initrd%s.img" % (kernelTag, )
else:
initrd = "/boot/initrd%s.img" % (kernelTag, )
return initrd
# return (disk, partition number) eg ('hda', 1)
def getDiskPart(dev):
cut = len(dev)
if (dev.startswith('rd/') or dev.startswith('ida/') or
dev.startswith('cciss/')):
if dev[-2] == 'p':
cut = -1
elif dev[-3] == 'p':
cut = -2
else:
if dev[-2] in string.digits:
cut = -2
elif dev[-1] in string.digits:
cut = -1
name = dev[:cut]
# hack off the trailing 'p' from /dev/cciss/*, for example
if name[-1] == 'p':
for letter in name:
if letter not in string.letters and letter != "/":
name = name[:-1]
break
if cut < 0:
partNum = int(dev[cut:]) - 1
else:
partNum = None
return (name, partNum)
def grubbyDiskName(name):
drives = isys.hardDriveDict().keys()
drives.sort (isys.compareDrives)
return "hd%d" % drives.index(name)
def grubbyPartitionName(dev):
(name, partNum) = getDiskPart(dev)
if partNum != None:
return "(%s,%d)" % (grubbyDiskName(name), partNum)
else:
return "(%s)" %(grubbyDiskName(name))
# return instance of the appropriate bootloader for our arch
def getBootloader():
if iutil.getArch() == 'i386':
return x86BootloaderInfo()
elif iutil.getArch() == 'ia64':
return ia64BootloaderInfo()
else:
return bootloaderInfo()
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